Gc 929 So5 1221184

'^i-

^ciNlEALOGY

COI_L.;CTION

ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY

3 1833 00858 7393

>11

SOME SPECIAL S TUDIES IN GENEALOGY

I.

'

AMERICAN
EMIGRANTS. HOW TO TRACE
THEIR ENGLISH
ANCESTRY,
'By

Gerald Fothergill

II.

THE QUAKER
THE GENEALOGY OF THE SUBMERGED,

]By JosiAH Newman,

F.R. Hist. Soc,

RECORDS,]
III.

By Chas.

A.

Bernau

*
1908.

CHAS.

A.

BERNAU, Walton-on-Thames, England.

Wholesale Agents
:

SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON,

London.

KENT &

Co., Ltd.,

DUNN, COLLIN &

PRINTERS,
ST.

CO.,

MARY

AXE, LONDON,

E.C.

[ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.]

1221184
I.

Emigrants

to

America.

How to Trace their English

Ancestry,
[It

was only the

fact that the existing text-books

do

not contain references to

tion

by which a

settler

some of the sources of informain America may be connected with

Wills as evidence in
it

his ancestors in

England, that decided the author of these

poor hints to put his pen to paper.

genealogical research are of the greatest authority, but

is

pointed out in the following pages that

relatives in

many
lists

other
;

documents contain mention of

America

second reason was to draw attention to some

of those

who were

likely to emigrate.

This chapter does not presume to do away with the

need of consulting the older books, such as those of

Messrs. Scargill-Bird, Sims,
of these

Rye and

Phillimore, for

all

may be used

advantageously in conjunction

with

it.

American
If the following

few words of advice help any to find

his English ancestry the author will feel well repaid.

will at all times

He

be glad

to

have any errors or omissions

pointed out to him.]

The

study of one's pedigree and a know-

ledge of such biographical facts as can be gathered about our ancestors has a great
fascination for

many.
This is especially so ^.^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ forebears have
left

Americans ^^
Genealogy.

an old country,
^f

^^^^^^^^^
history,

glorious

and of great power and a leader in

for civilization.

settled in one that has

all

become that makes

Love

of ancestry, that has

become so general in America, is surely handed down from the time when the settler in his declining days would tell his children,
or

maybe grandchildren, about

the parents

and home in England. We can imagine that he would not speak only of his relations,

Emigrants
but of the customs, forms of local government, and the religious controversy of the
times.

The

object of this chapter

is

to explain

in non-technical

language

how

the connec-

and his English ancestors may be traced, and how indeed the actual house in which they lived may sometimes be found. Could anything be of more speaking interest than a photograph
tion between the settler

of the house that the emigrant left but loved

so well
_,
?

The First

_.

Success in finding:

an
^i

^ v English
i

ancestry

greatly

depends on the amount of

knowledge possessed about the emigrant,

so that the
all
first

step to take is to discover

we can

in

America about him.

Every scrap of information as to the emigrant and his immediate family should be collected and critically analyzed as to its
value.

lyucky

is

the gleaner

who knows

6
the place in

American
England whence
pedigree
are
his ancestor

came, for
interesting

his

chances of compiling
excellent.

an

searcher after a

man

bearing a rare surname

has a good chance, as has one with a knowledge of the Christian names of the brothers

and sisters or children of the emigrant. A knowledge of the fact that some of the children were born in England before
the departure
is

a very great help.

is

worst position to be in
of these data, for so
tity.

to

The know none

idenit

much depends on

It

should be remembered that

is

very often possible to find scores of people

in

England with the same names

as

the
is

emigrant, in which case our only chance

to find the settler as

mentioned in some record

with
his

being in America

English

relations or

home

stated.

When
mind

the searcher

has made

up

his

that he has gathered every fact that

wills, deeds, court files

can be got from

and

Emigrants
family papers,
in England.
it is

time to consider research

the answer to the above

On

points as to knowledge of the settler will

depend whether the research in England is to be a matter of a few days, months or even
years.
It

has to be decided then whether one

visit

and do the record searching oneself or employ a recognized

will

England

record agent.

If the reader decides to

it is

make

the investigation
will

hoped that these hints be of some use, and, if an agent is

it

employed,

will

help one to understand

what he
^
_,

is

doing.

House
Records.

In theory, it should be an easv matter to find out ^^^ ^^^^^ emigrant was,
for

by law
officers of

it

was incum-

bent on one of the

every custom

house to record

details as to age, residence

and trade of every emigrant. Early in the nineteenth century these books of registra-

American
London and
1 8 14,

tion of emigrants were ordered to be brought

to

deposited in the

Custom

House, but this building was burnt down

in

and the records destroyed.

These
Licences to
,
.

custom
,.

house
.

pass beyond
the Seas.
,,

ship-passeng-er lists are not

^,

to

^ ^ ^ be contused
-

with
-

the

Licences
the
-

to - pass

beyond are of

Seas amongst the Exchequer records,

side.

King's Remembrancer

They

great value as they give age, home, trade,

and destination of the emigrant.

In the

early years of the emigration the licences

issued direct from the King, but in the fifth

year of Charles
delegated.

I.

(1629/30) the

power was

Before the licence was granted,

oaths had to be taken that the applicants

were

neither

subsidy

men

nor nonconto

formists.

For some reason not known

us at the present time, very few of the books

which the grants of the licences were recorded have been preserved. Those that
in

Emigrants
exist

were printed by Hotten in his ''Original

of Emigrants," but only as regards

Lists

those

who

said they were going to America.

It is a pity

he did not include the

others, as

many who,
were able
as Leyden,

for political reasons, could not

obtain a licence to emigrate to America,

to get a pass to visit

such places

Amsterdam
World.

or Rotterdam, and,

when once
on to the

out of England, they could pass

New

These

licences are

now being
called
'

printed

in the pages of that

standard magazine of English

'

genealogy

The
.

Genealogist."

Passenger
.

The author of this chap,

ter

has

... m his
lists

possession
for

passenger

1773,

1774 and 1775, containing details of emigration of nearly 6,000 persons, lists of Jacobite
rebels transported after 1715

and 1745,

lists

of

felons

transported,

and a very

large

general collection of connecting links for

emigrants.

10
It is still

American

hoped that some other lists ol emigrants ma}^ be found, and lately clues have come to light that other early lists do
exist.

Having made

sure that the link has not

^'

been printed in the

or in any of the

Register of the

New

England Historic and Genealogical

Society,"

many

other journals and

books published in the States, we refer to

Hotten, and discover whether the licence of

our ancestor has been preserved.

of

'^

lyist

Emigrant Ministers
sometimes

to

America" can be
If
list

searched

with advantage.

these books do not help, try the

**

in the

Genealogist," and
in the Public

then those unprinted

lists

Record Office, Chancery Eane, Eondon, can be examined.

Collections of Emigrants failing us,

we

can turn our attention

to

to lists of those likely

emigrate.

Of

these, perhaps, the

most

probable to contain the names of emigrants

Emigrants
The Ship Tax. Money ^
__ ,
^,
.

n
^

are the assessments for pay, ^ r ment of ^^ the t, . ^ . hated tax of

Ship Money. Unfortunately very few of these have come down to ns. Those for Essex and Suffolk are well known, the latter having been published by the
Suffolk

^,

,^

^,

Archaeology in 1904. Portions of assessments or, what is better,

Institute of

refusals of

Northampton,
shire,

payment have been found for Huntingdon, Dorset, WiltKent, and the Ward of Walbrook,
refused to pay the forced loan

lyondon.

Many who

of Charles the First in

tional grounds, because

1627 on constituit

was not levied

with the consent of Parliament, undoubtedly

These loan assessments are prethe Domestic State Papers in the Public Record Office. Some have been copied by the author into his collections of emigrants, and it is intended shortly to
migrated.
served

among

complete this work.

12

American
^
,

throw a flood of hght on those in trouble with the government for

religious or political reasons, but the plead-

The Court of ^, , Star Chamber.

,

of Star
,

The records of the Court ^. nx. u % i^ Chamber should

n
.

..

ings only exist

down

to 1624.

They

are at

present unindexed for this period, but have

been sorted out under the

plaintiff's

initial letter of

the

surname.

of this court are

fines

The decrees and lost. Some odd lists

it

orders

of the

imposed by

are to be found

among

the accounts of the Exchequer K.R.

further and

more complete set of these fines they give also exists in the Record Office residence of person fined, names of wife,
;

children-

etc.

Harleian

M.S. 4130

is

report of

some

cases in the Star

Chamber.

Those who would not

Commission
p
,

conform
.

^ opinions of the day were

.

to

the
,

relig^ious

prosecuted

in

the

High

Commission Court.

Its

incomplete records

Emigrants
are

13

among
lists

the Domestic State Papers, and

of
its

some

amercements are with the

above mentioned Exchequer accounts, and

also in

other records of the Exchequer.

of the Surtees Society contains
this court for the Diocese of

Volume 34

some acts of Durham.

Recusants

While on the subject of

...
,

and Non,

relis^ious persecution, it

conformists.

be said that the Recusant

Rolls

5
,

may
be

,^

should
get the

also

searched, for here

residences of all
flict

names and those who came into con-

we

with the authorities, and were found

guilty of nonconformity, either as

Roman
The

Catholics or as Protestant Dissenters. These

rolls are in the

Public Record Office.

in

Add. MS. 20,739 has a catalogue of all recusants of whom any convictions are returned into the Exchequer, qualities and places of abode, August, 1671,
British

Museum

arranged alphabetically under counties.

14

American
The
Consistorial

and

Archidiaconal

Courts contain mucli of value as to nonconformity, but only the records for

Ely are in
late

anything like order, and of these the

Mr. A. Gibbons printed a calendar.

A report to Bishop Laud from Dr. Samuel

Collins, Vicar of Braintree,

Essex, shows

how

the religious persecutions caused the

people to emigrate and also the value of the

records
writes
:

of
''

the

spiritual
if

courts,

for

he

That

he had suddenly

fallen

upon the strict practice of conformity he had undone himself and broken the town to
pieces.

Upon the first notice of alteration many were resolving to go to New England. By his moderate and slow proceeding he has
made
stay of

some and hopes

to settle their

judgements" (Calendar of Dom. State Papers, 1632, page 255).

In a few cases, returns of the decrees of
the Consistory Courts are to be found the Domestic State Papers,

among

Emigrants
Engiana to
America, Yia
,
.

15

^,

Some
-

emigrants resided

.^

for

a time

m
.

the

,,^

West
In
be

West

Indies.

^''^'^^

settled

in

^''^ America.
books

afterwards

these cases the

following
of

can

searched

lyist

the

names of the

Inhabitants of Barbadoes in the year 1638,

who

then possessed more than ten acres of

land, see pages 71

84 of

''

Memoirs of the

first settlement of the Island of Barbadoes and other the Carribbe Islands, with the succession of the Governors and Commanders in Chief of Barbadoes to the year 1742, small 8, London, 1743.

" Suflferers of Nevis

and

St.

Christophers

by the French Invasion,

1

1705/6,

really resettled before the 25tli

who were December,

by
of

71 1, should be paid one-third part of their

several losses in debentures to be issued

the

Comm^^

for

Trade
book

in

the

name

each resettler to their respective agents or

attornys."

This

contains

wills,

i6

American

administrations, powers of attorney, all of

which give important genealogical information (see Vol. 206 Miscel. Books of Receipt
of Exchequer.)

Contmental ^ Emigrants
.
.

,,

This chapter
,

is
.

not in.

to America.

j tended ^ deal with foreiefn to u i.-^- considered -ji a ancestry, but it is

,
,
,

worth while to take

opportunity of printing the
of alien descent.
'*

.,

this

titles

of two

records likely to be of great service to any

list

of persons that have intituled

to

themselves
(13 Geo.

the

Benefits

of

the

Act

II.) for

naturalizing such Foreign

Protestants and others therein mentioned as

are settled or shall settle in any of

H.M.

Colonies."

This record covers the period 174061, and from it the homes of aliens can be traced (Plantation General, Board of
Trade, vols. 59

&

60).

" Account of monies received and ex-

pended

for the

relief of the

French Pro-


Emigrants
testant refugees.

17
ye passengers

List of

all

from London to James River in Virginia

being Frencli Refugees embarqued in the ship ye Peter Anthony, Gaily, of London,

One hundred and

all, 29, 9^^^

sixty-nine passengers in

1700. Other Lists of Swiss, etc."

(Rawl. M.D.A. 271).

Old Handwritings.
start
.^.

^,^

The
,..
,

lists

of settlers and
,
.

likely
,

been done, we
is

emipfrants

havinor "^
,

now have

to

our record search in earnest, the

learning to read the

first

stage of which

many

and the system of contractions used. The best way to learn is by practice, starting with modern documents
old handwritings

The following and working backwards. will be found useful books in reading old
records
:

^'Wright's
Martin's
*'

Hand Restored," Court Record Interpreter," and Du

Gauge's

^'

Dictionary."

i8

American
Until the Act of Parliament 4 Geo. II., 26, 1 73 1, was passed, all records of the

c.

English Courts of Law were in Latin. Wills have been in English since about 1550, but
the orders (acts) of the probate courts are in The pleadings in equity are in Latin.

English.

Your
Wills,

great attack on the

records

should start with

the wills, they

all

being the

It very backbone of is well to obtain a permit to consult the wills without payment of fees, this will be

pedigree research.

granted provided the search stops short of

one hundred years from the present time,

and that
tendent,

it is

for strictly literary purposes.

Letters should be addressed to the Superin-

Literary

House, London.

Department, Somerset This pass only applies to

the registered copies of wills, but in cases where no registering exists the filed will

can be seen on payment of a shilling.

Emigrants
By
far

19
set

and away the most important

of wills are those proved in the Prerogative

Court of Canterbury (P.C.C), these com-

mence
of the

in 1383,

and continue

to the abolition

old

ecclesiastical

probate

system

in 1858.

The

first

six manuscript calendars

have

been superseded by the printed lexicographical index which covers the period 1383
to

1604.

The

administrations have to be

separately searched, as they are not included

For the period 1630 to 1646 consult ''Year Books of Probate," by John Matthews.
in the printed index.

The

P.C.C. contains the wills from all

parts of England during the

Commonwealth,

1650 to 1660, the local courts having been

abolished.

From
calendars

the printed indices

and

official

make

list

of

all wills

and ad-

ministrations, starting with the date of the

birth of the emigrant, if

it is

known, down

20
to

American
some
fifty

years after his death.

Such

an extended search

may seem

unnecessary,

but experience shows that sometimes the

wills of the second generation

name

cousins

in America.

Owing
and
the
others,
first

to the gleanings of Mr.

Waters

we

stand

little

chance of being

to discover the

magic words
at

"my

son John

now

in

New

England,"

any rate

during the period 1620 to 1660, as few such

references have

escaped detection by Mr.

friends.

Waters and his many

No

doubt

some of the P.C.C. wills contain mention of those whose names are sought, but, as no
residence
unless
is

given, they cannot be identified,

we have
in

a strong combination of

names

England and America.

list,

On

completion of the

start

making
all

abstracts of the wills.

Short notes of

names, relationships, estates and

fields will

do

for, if

the wills turn out to relate to the

correct family,

we can come back

to

them

Emigrants
and obtain
It is as

21

fuller extracts as to the interestsilver,

ing items of old

pewter, furniture,
all wills

etc.

well to obtain
tell

of the name,
in after-

as

no one can

which

will

work

wards.

In the case of a testator dying out-

side the county of his residence, the calendars

give the place of his death.

The
'^

wills of

members of the Society

start

of Friends do not
:

with the usual words

In the

Name

of God,

Amen," and

in the probate acts the

executors affirm and are not sworn.*

If the results of the P.C.C. search

have

not revealed the emigrant, some hints should

have been obtained as to the locality of the name. In some few cases the district of a
family cannot be got from the P.C.C.
that event
it is
;

in

best to search all the printed

If

indices to wills.

we

still

fail,

the death,

marriage and birth registers of the Registrar

General, Somerset House can be tried. Although these start only in 1837, they
*

For further information about Quakers, see Chapter

II,

22

American
for in

sometimes help,
railways, people
little.

the early days of

had

moved about very

^. District
,

Registries.

^.

,,,..* ^ able district oi the

,

Havino^ fixed the prob.

it

... time
IS

emipfrant,
.

to

turn to the

local wills.

These are preserved with some

exceptions in the District Registries of the

Probate Court.
District

literary

pass for

any

Registry can be obtained in the

as for the P.C.C.
It is

same way
can find

advisable

to write to the Registrar, asking

whether he room on the date on which it is

proposed to start the search.

The
place

local probate

jurisdiction of

any

can be
it

found
is,

in

Bacon's

^'

L^iber

Regis," but
to

perhaps, more satisfactory

32,

ask in

Room

at

Somerset House,

which

ought to be searched for any The ''Hand Book of Courts Probate," by Dr. Marshall, shows the of I^ists and place of deposit of old wills.
wills

given parish.

Emigrants
abstracts of the
wills
as in

23

should be

made

in

the

same way

London.

When

the

abstracts are done,

work out the

results in

pedigree form, and

it

will generally be found

that a good sketch chart can be

made from
gaps,
'

them.

Parish

n ^' Registers.
J.

^ obtain the marnae-es or the

,
.

To

fill

the

or

"^

names
mentioned in the
wills,

^ ^ ^ , of the children not

either because they

had died or had received

sion of
their

their portion in

the testator's lifetime, perhaps on the occa-

leaving home, consult

the

parish registers of baptisms, marriages and

burials, in the custody of the Parson.

Some few

but 1558 is fee for searching

year,

of these records start in 1538, a more general date. The legal

is

one shilling the

first

and sixpence
the object

for every year afterwards.

As a rule,
this, if

the clergy are willing to

is

compound

a literary one, and some

fee

should be offered based on the time

24
taken.

American

For certificates, the charge is two shillings and sevenpence each, but it is optional whether they are taken or not. In order to prevent inconvenience to the Incumbent and yourself, write three or four days beforehand for an appointment, though one has the legal right of inspection at any
reasonable hour.

Many

registers

have been

lost.

In order

to save time and, perhaps, a

long journey,

the date of the extant books had best be

obtained from the Population Abstract of
1831, or the current Directory.
totally to

Neither are
furnishing

be depended upon

as, in

the return, the custodians looked at only one

end of the book the

;

fact that

some

registers

start at

both ends, or even in the middle

was evidently unknown.

In writing to the clergy
it

is

only

fair

that a stamped envelope should be sent.

It is advisable to consult Dr. Marshall's
*'

lyist

of Printed Parish Registers,"

for, if

Emigrants

25

the register of your parish has been printed, it will be a great help and saving to you.

In cases of special importance do not trust altogether the printed copy, but see the
original,

using the former as a help and

index.

When
had
tion.

the registers are

lost, still

we stand

a chance, for the Vicar and Churchwardens

to

send in a transcript at every Visita-

in

These have been kept very badly, and most cases are not arranged for consulta-

tion.

The

principal place of deposit

is

the

Bishop's Registry, but they are to be found sometimes in the Archdeacon's Registry.

The marriage

licences

are preserved in the Bishop's

Licences.

and Archdeacon's Registries, and should most certainly be searched. Some of these documents have been printed by the Harleian and British Record
Societies.

26
^,,

American

Other Parish
-
,

Whilst in the country,

search should be
.
^
.
-,

Records.

made

m
.

all parish and local records, some of which are still in the hands of the Incumbent or the descendants of former churchwardens and other officials, but should

be in the custody of the parish council.

Where

extant,

try

the

churchwardens'

accounts,

overseers'

accounts

and

books,

pauper pass books, parish apprentice books,

remembrance books, charity accounts,

deeds,
etc.,

loose

in fact

it

is

as well to look at

everything of a likely date in the parish

chest, as the values of these

books are most

varied.

Records kept
Peace and

with

the Clerk of the

Town

Clerk are of high value,

indentures

particularly the apprenticeship

kept with the

latter.

By

this time

we have no doubt consome English

structed a nice pedigree of

*

See also Chapter HI.

Emigrants
family, but

27

may
so,

not have had the good

fortune of placing the sought for ancestor

this

being

further

ground

must

be

covered, and our steps should be towards

the records of the transfer of land.
It j
,,

seems probable
.

that,
.
1

Records of the Transfer

,

m
.

order to find the capital

the start
.

-,

.1

^ for

xt the New
..1

sell

World, the emigrant would any land he possessed or, if he was

;

without land,
father would,

it is

to

be expected that his

on giving him a portion, re-settle his estate, and the departing son would join in any conveyance in order to cut any rights he might have in possession or expectancy under any entail that existed.

Here
entail

it

should be noted that

settle

men

of very

small estate, even cottagers, would strictly

and and

property on themselves and

wife with reversion to the eldest son and

heirs,

failing these, to the second, third,

etc.,

fourth sons,

respectively.

28

American
At
different periods the

Knglish law has

known

various ways of conveyancing.

The

statute 27

Henry

VIII., cap. 16, provided

an instrument known as a " deed of bargain and sale," and it was enacted that an estate should not pass by this means only, unless it was by indenture, enrolled in one of the Courts of Westminster or in the county

where the lands lie. If this provision had not been evaded, we should have had an
almost universal register of conveyances of
the freehold, but
it

was soon defeated by

the invention of the conveyance by lease

and
for

release,

to extend the statute to bargains

which arose from the omission and sales

terms of years.

Many

thousands of the former deeds are

enrolled in

the grantors being

called

Chancery on the Close Rolls, indexed in the books

kept
in

''Indentures"

the

lyong

index in the

Room, and the grantees in Round Room

the Close Roll

at the

Record

Emigrants
Office.

29
King's
etc.

Others are on the

rolls of the

Bench,

Common

Pleas,

Exchequer,

The conveyances by lease and release are seldom enrolled, and otherwise are only to
be found with
private title-deeds of the

present owner of the land.

Charters are an old form of conveyance, and are preserved in great numbers in both they will private and public collections be found of service in constructing early pedigrees. Charters and other conveyances that concern property in Corporate towns
;

are frequently enrolled at the

Offices.

Town
by

Clerks'

The

conveyance

of

land

Pedes

Finium, or Feet of Fines, was very often

resorted to
;

they are of

first

class import-

ance, as the vendor joins with his wife

children or other heirs in

order to

and dock

dower or

entail.

Calendars, arranged under counties, to

these documents are in the

Round Room.

30

American
warrants in the fines should be care-

The

fully read, as they

sometimes give name of

Fines exist from

father, grandfather, etc.

Richard

I.

to 1834.

The
fer of
-^
,,

record of the transis

copyhold property
of
^

to be

found on the Court

the
,

Rolls.

^ ,, Rolls

Manor

which the land lay. These rolls are private property, and permission to search them has
to be obtained

from the lyord of the Manor,

in

whose name and address can be found

Kelly's

of the

Directories. The general Manor Court was for the

practice
lyord to

grant

licence to alienate, surrender being

then made by the vendor, admission of the

purchaser followed and he did his suit and
service for the same.

For the period of American research the above classes complete the places of
land registration.

Emigrants

31

While searching the Court Rolls for transfer of land by sale, be sure to take a note of any other entry that relates to the name this may take any form, as all copyholders' deeds had to go on the roll, from a marriage settlement to the mortgage of an
;

estate.

tenant
died

The jury at the death of every made presentment of what estate he seized, who and what relationship the

and what fine and heriot was due These presentments often contain extracts from wills and other deeds, and the genealogical importance of them cannot be over-rated, as from these rolls it has been possible to trace back the ancestry of very humble people for two hundred
heir was,
to

the lyord.

years or

more before the date of the

start of

the parish registers.

Court Rolls contain

to
assaults,
etc.,

much
for

of biographical and personal interest

as

presentments

eaves-

dropping,

common

scold,

or that a

ditch wants

scoring or hedge

trimming,

32

American
overloading the common, etc, are of

harboring of strangers, cattle allowed to

stray,

frequent occurrence.

The
Pro^leedin^s
*

pleadings

in

the

^"'' ^ Chancery are of the highest importance as

sources of genealogical information, some of them giving as many as nine generations

of pedigree, and others even give abstracts of all the deeds in the family muniment

room

for three

hundred
in

years.

Besides this

general value,

Americans,
missing
in

as,

they are of great help to setting out a claim by

descent, they frequently account for

relative,

some

America These documents are practically a virgin field, never having been worked suit by suit as Mr. Waters did the wills in the
in

by stating that he parts beyond the

is

now

Seas.

P.C.C.

Do
people

not run away with the idea that your

were

too

poor to have

suits

in

Emigrants
Chancery, as the author's
experience

33
of

many thousands
discovery of

of suits is that the poorest

of the poor brought suits, asking for the

some old deed

(existing only

in their imagination), in the

hope that the

person in possession would compromise in

order to save litigation.

As Chancery

suits deal

with matters of a

date long before that of the pleading, any

search should be brought

down

at least

one

hundred years after the death of the person sought for, andj if time allows, it would be as well to come down two hundred years.

The

Affidavits

and Master's Reports and

Certificates

have much information not to

be found elsewhere.

The

Master's papers
fees,

can be seen only on payment of small

knowledge of the title of the suit and the Master's name, which can be obtained from the Reports. As these papers have chart pedigrees, deeds and other evidences used in the
trial,

they should be sought for in all late cases.

34

American
The
subject of Chancery Proceedings
is

a very large and interesting one, and the

present writer
that an early
is,

therefore, glad

to learn

volume of
It

this Series is to

be

devoted to
large

it.

should be of especial
as the

interest to Americans,

names of a

number

of

people

stated to be in

America have been found among the depositions in Chancery suits. The Court of Exchequer ^ ^ ^ Court of , -^ V ^ N. ^^^ ^^ ^^^'^^ ^'^^ ^^ '^' Exchequer. and its pleadings are of
,

nearly as

much importance

as those of the

Chancery. They are calendared in counties,

which
search

greatly reduces

the
is

labour of

when

the district

known.

The

depositions of this court are of great value,

and a calendar to these will be found in the thirty-eighth and following reports of the Deputy Keeper. The Long Room contains this index, divided up into counties, and an Index Nominum from I. Elizabeth to 2a James I.

Emigrants
Q,,

35

Records

^^^
are

The Lay Subsidy Rolls Hearth Tax returns

useful
as

they serve

as a directory, giving a clue to the parish.

Catalogues of these

exist,

but the contents

of the rolls are not indexed.

1.22ii_84
Mortem
give

The

Inquisitions

Post

information about the larger landowners,

and are well known as one of the best

sources of genealogy.

As regards

the early

Inquisitions, indexes are in print,

later ones are

now being

printed.

and the These

records cease with the end of the reign of

Charles

I.

The

plea rolls of the various

field

Common

Law

Courts are a great

of research,

but only to those with time to spare, the

bulk of them being so great.

keys to
"
lections such as those

Sometimes them can be obtained from col

now being
or

printed in

The

Genealogist,"

the

Boyd

and

Harrison

MSS.

in the

Long Room.

36
All ordinary sources of help failing,
is
it

a good plan to return to wills and read

of the district, for sometimes a side-light

all

can be obtained from the will of a testator with a different surname which cannot be
got in any other way.
If the time of the searcher allows

him

to

work

all

the classes of records mentioned

in this chapter, the

author has but

little

doubt that a most interesting pedigree will

be the
result.

Gerald FothergilIv.
II,

Brussels Road,

New

Wandsworth, London, S.W.

II.

The Quaker

Records.

George Fox was a great organiser as

well as a great preacher.
After the

first

Early Records
of Births,
,
u
T>.
J.^.

London Yearly*

m
.

Meeting ^^o t, issued a mani1668, he

i

^
,

Marriages and
Deaths.

festo,

or

,, *'

epistle,

to

his

followers,

explaining

the
in

importance of keeping

Minute church
necessity

Books a
affairs,

careful

record of their
particular,

and,

in
in

the

of
all

recording

systematic

manner

births,

marriages and deaths.

and,

The

plan adopted was borrowed from the

Episcopal

Church,

not

only

were

*Here it should be explained that a single Meeting House is known in the Society of Friends as a "Preparative" Meeting; a number of local Preparative Meetings being grouped into one organization known as a "Monthly Meetine. These again are grouped into still larger districts know^l as "Quarterly'' Meetings (holding special business meetings at a given centre once a quarter), these in their turn are again grouped into "Yearly" Meetings, which meet once a year, as their name implies. An individual might, therefore, be a member of the Leominster Preparative Meeting, in Hereford and Worcester Monthl}' IMeeting, in Western Quarterly Meeting, which is within London Yearly Meeting. The Preparative Meetings appoint delegates to the Monthly Meetings, the Monthly to the Quarterly, the Quarterly to the Yearly, and the Yearly Meeting lays down the law
*

38
entries to be

Quaker
made
in the local Preparative
register,

Meeting

kept

by

an

appointed
also

it was Registrar in each Meeting, but such entries arranged that transcripts of

should be
official,

forwarded
as

periodically

to

an

known

the

Monthly Meeting
corresponded to the
the

Registrar,

whose

office

Diocesan

Registry

in

Church

of

England.

This
Effect of the

system remained

.^ ^^^.^^ ^^^il shortly after

Registration

^^^ ^^^^.^^^ ^f ^^^ Registra^.^^

Aot

of

1837.

^^^ ^f jg^^^ ^,^^^

all

it

was discontinued, and

the old registers

and found were called that could then be The ComHouse. deposited at Somerset in the year 1838 (to appointed
missioners

examine into the

state,

custody and

auother

of birth, etc., thenticity of all registers

after visitmg than the parochial registers), deposit of the of the temporary place saw Registers, stated that "they

Quaker

Records
enough of
their state

39
to testify

and condition

that they exhibit an admirable specimen of

the state to which order and precision

may

be carried in the classification and arrange-

ment

of records of this description."

As may be imagined, the books were by no means complete, for, as is the case in almost every church throughout the land,
some registers, or at least pages from them, had been lost in nearly 200 years. Meeting Houses had been closed by the score, and. Friends having become extinct in a district,
their records sometimes fell into private hands and were destroyed. However, one thousand six hundred and twenty-two separate registers were collected, and now any one of these may be seen and searched at Somerset House for a fee of one shilling.

Index to Births,

,,

Before these old volumes

Marriages

were Diaced in Government

^^^^ody, a complete alphabetical index
;
1 ,

and Deaths.

was compiled

^0

Quaker

of every birth, by the Society of Friends in them, the marriage and death record and that of of the original volume,

number

entry occurs being the folio on which the One copy of this index carefully added. Recording Clerk of was deposited with the

London Yeariy Meeting

at

Devonshire

Without, London, House, 12, Bishopsgate contaming E C. and another sectional copy, marriages and an index to all the births,

Quarterly Meeting, deaths of that particular official for the use was deposited with a local

immediate vicinage. of the Friends in that

The Index

at

Devonshire House

is avail-

able to the public on

payment of

half-a-

Members of the crown an hour, though all are at liberty Society of Friends in England As the local copy is in to search it freely.
application charge of an honorary official, him except by should never be made to
actual

Members
his

of the Society,

residing

within

own

Quarterly

Meeting,

and

Records
there
is

41

therefore no need to give here the

of these officials.

names and addresses

Index Kept
Up-to-Date.

^^ '''^^

^^ ^^^^^^
is
still

^^'^^

^'^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^'

marriages

and deaths

kept for

Great Britain, each year forward a transcript to the Recording Clerk at Devonshire House. Consequently, there is now at heada complete alphabetical list of every birth, marriage and death (or burial), of which any record is preserved by the Society of Friends from the very earliest

the purposes of Membership, by persons, appointed in each Monthly IMeeting, who, if

quarters

time

{a'/ra 1650)

down

to the present day.

it is the most complete and beautifully kept record of its kind belonging to any religious denomination throughout the world. It forms a striking

It is safe

to say that

monument
and
is,

to

the genius of George Fox,

in a way, remarkably typical of the

careful, conscientious

Quaker of to-day

in

42

Quaker
is

a word, the work which thoroughly well done.

to find at the

attempted

is

Imagine the convenience of being able

Lambeth Palace

Library, in

handwriting, an alphabetical baptism, marriage list (with date) of every Diocese in burial in every Episcopal
copperplate
or

England.*

Yet

this is precisely

what the Society of

its own Friends has accomplished so far as the organisation is concerned. If you know might be excounty in which the event only to pected to have occurred you have county, turn to the \'olumes devoted to that search is or group of counties, and your

over in less time than

line.
It

it

takes to write this

may be
,.^^

convenient
place a

if

List of the
Registers.

^ .^^^^^

^^^is

list

shire

House,
to

^^ ^^^^ Registers at Devongiving in each case the

ob^ing librarian,
staff.

* I fear the

esteemed and

Mr.

S.

W.Kershaw,

F S.A., would need

add to his

Records

43

Earliest Dates at which records of Births, Marriages and Deaths commence ;

Name

of Register.

Births.

riages. Deaths.

Mar-

Bedfordshire and Herts Berks and Oxon Bristol and Somerset Buckinghamshire Cambridge and Hunts Cheshire and Staffordshire Cornwall

..

Cumberland & Northumberland Derby and Nottingham

Devon
Dorset and Hants
..'

..[

Durham
Essex
"'

Gloucester and Wiltshire ... Hereford, Worcester and Wales

Kent
Lincolnshire Lancashire

London and Middlesex Norfolk and Norwich Northamptonshire

Suffolk

..

...

,[,

'* ;;_

Sussex and Surrey

Warwick, Leicester and Rutland Westmorland

Yorkshire Scotland
..

..,

1643 1612 1644 1645 1631 1647 1609 1648 1632 1627 1638 1613 1613 1642 1635 1646 16^2 1644 1644 1613 1647 1653 1640 1623 1635 1578 1647

1658 1648 1657 1658 1658 1655 1657 1650 1659 1646 1658 1644 1659 1656 1657 1658 1657 1652 1657 1658 1659 1662 1659 1648 1649 1642 1656

1656
165s
i6<;i

1656 J657 1655 1656 1656 1651 1658 1657 1655 1630 1655 1650 1658 1656 1654 1661 1657 1657 1655 1645 1659 1655 1570* 1674

frnm\llT^^ from these very

"""^

be supposed that the entries are continuous early dates, as all items previous to I650

Quaker
who are For the convenience of those

search, a staff of unable to make a personal employed, but, with clerks is regularly of their services, a every request for the use should certainly be refee of some kind

mitted.
It is

no unusual thing

for a

Member

of

to be able to trace the Society of Friends from the present time all his direct ancestors

back

middle of the seventeenth cenof books and they tury out of this one set that he might be able are so well arranged hour or task in the space of an
to the
;

to finish his

two,

of according to his capacity

takmg

down

the particulars.

.re .^ally commuous recordinc: earlier Butns

sometimes "^P;;tv^ seem lu uavc been Jade TH^rp are

w'stmolLnd

(,6l7),
list.

do they go back any

further than

m the

above tabulated


Records
Importance
of Consulting

45

^' ^"^^^ '' ^ ^^^^^ House is most ^7^;^^^^^^

''^^^^^^^'

the Original

^"^ "i^X Possibly

purposes of
the
real

Record.

^'^"swer all the

some
genealogist will, of
original entry
at

searchers, course,

seek out the

Somerset House, in the

Strand, London,

W.C.

The

Devonshire House

entry of a marriage, for example, at may read thus :

77^7 IJ2: Smith, Elizabeth; spijister daughter of John and Bridget Smith, of Godalming, Surrey, to Roger Prichard, oj

Almeley

Wooto7i, at Godalming,^olioli^i2^ Guildford Monthly Meeting.

iii

But

at

Somerset House we shall

find,

on

turning to Book 1147, folio 132, that the complete entry* reads as follows :

PRICHARD of Almeley Wooton in the Coimty of Hereford, Glover,

*Aii actual instance.

ROGER

^6
S071

Quaker
of

Edward Prichard and

Elizabeth

and Elizabeth [Jackson] his wife, of the same,

Smith or Smith, spinster, daughter of John Come Godalming in the County of Surrey,
[Coleman]* his Merchant, mid of Bridgett Haveing declared their Intentions of
wife,
before several taking each other in Marriage God called Publick Meetings of the People of

Quakers, in

According

to

Guildford in the said County, them the good order used among
after a deliberate considera-

Whose proceedings

unto the Righteous tion thereof (with regards

Law
7vere

of

God and Example of

his People

Re-

truth in that case) corded in the Script:^, of They Approved by the said meetings

Bridget Coleman **
,.

was bapt.
TTPt-

A A

Mary Etos at the Church of St. father William Coleman mamed

son of John at Ipswich i8 Oct. 1590,

Morgan.

Records
appearing cleare of all others
Consent of parents and relations Concerned.

47
and haveing

NOW
may
the Tenth

these are to Certifie all who7ne it

concerne that for the full accomplishi^tg of

theire said Intentions

This Thirtieth day of

Month
to

Called December in the year

One Thousand Seven Hmtdred and Twelve^ they the said Roger Pritchard (the spelling of the
surnames varies of course
Elizabeth
at this date)
i7i

According

the

English

Account

and

Publick Assembly of the aforesaid People and others

Smith

Appeared

Mett

together for that purpose in theire Publick

i7i

Meeti7ig Place at Godal77iing

the aforesaid

Coimty of Surrey^

And in

a Solem7t

Manner

he the said Roger Pritchard taki7ig the said

Elizabeth S77iith by the
as followeth

Frie7ids
i7i

hand Did openly declare

a7id People
i7i

the feare

of

God and

the prese7ice

of this Asse7nbly

48
whome I desire
this

Quaker
to be

my

Witnesses That

my

deare friend Elizabeth

to be

I take Smith to be my
Loving and

wife Promissing
Faithfull

unto her

Husband untill death doth seperate the said Assembly us -.-And then and there in
The
said Elizabeth
declare as

Smith

Did

in

Like

Manner

Followeth,

Friends and
the presence

People in thefeare of

God and in
this

of this Assembly
nesses

whom I

desire to be

my Witto be

That I take
to be

my

friend Roger

Pritchard

my Husband

Promissing

unto him a Loveing and

death shall Seperate us.

Faithfull wife untill

And

the said

Roger

as a further Pritchard and Elizabeth Smith

Confirmation thereof
these presents
sett

Did

then

and

there to

theirc hands.

And Wee

Names are hereunto Subscribed being Solemnizing of present among others at the
whose
their

said

Marriage and Subscription

in

Manner

hereunto have aforesaid as Witnesses

Records
allsoe to these presents subscribed

our

49 Names

the day

and year

above written.

Relations.

go

Quaker
We
Marriage
fQ^-e,

have

here,

there-

Certificates

in the first interesting marriage certifi^^^^

^^^^

place an

Replete

with
list

" Clues."

^^d, secondly (above ^-^^ ^f demarcation), a

.

of the bride of twenty-eight relatives with the names and bridegroom, together total of sixty-one of thirty-one friends, or a shall probpersons living at that time.

We

most important ably find that the nearest and column to the kinsfolk signed first in the immediately under the names of the
right,
^'

be happy couple," but no stone must

relations"

left

each unturned to discover z^hat connection

of the
parties.
''

was

to the contracting

These
''

" to the lists of " witnesses

contain most marriage will be found to

valuable

an
is

and clues " for the genealogist, a clue experienced searcher knows that

half the battle.

relationship In some cases the actual brackets after the has been inserted in

Records
signature, such as
'' **

51

(father of the damsel)^'*

(brother of the maid),^^ etc., but this is not

the rule.

The
at 6,

Irish

Quaker Records

are preserved

Eustace Street, Dublin (Miss Edith Webb, Registering Officer), and here again
they date back to about 1650, and are very

numerous.
In every part of Eng-

Parentage
01 tne

^^nd

the

oldest

Quaker

Registers overlap the Visi^^^j^^^ ^f ^^^

Early Friends,

^^^^^^^ ^^

a period of from 25 to 50 years, so that where the one class of records is left the

other
It

may
is

be at once taken up.

quite a mistake to suppose that

the early Friends

stock.

came only from common

Many

were, doubtless, enrolled from

among
also

the labouring classes, but thousands

came of the very best County Families, and hundreds can prove Royal descent.

52

Quaker
In this connection
it may be mentioned even durinor the lifetime of George

that,

Fox, the
people,

new

sect

numbered about 60,000

therefore, in tracing the

and that

ancestry of present-day Friends,

we
2.

are

not dealing with the descendants of

families, as is

few imagined by many who are not fully acquainted with the history of Quakerism. As an instance, it may be
stated that, in all probability, at least half

the

members

of

the

present
descent,

House

of

Commons have Quaker

it is difficult

to find

one

who has

and indeed no Quaker

ancestor.

In

addition
at

to

the

other

Books.
sources

^^

Rep:ister ^

Devonshire
are

House,
of

there

many
to

information

open

Members

of the

Society of Friends, but

these are often difficult of access for the

public unless letters of

introduction

are

obtained, or the custodians are very diplo-


Records
matically approached.

53
archives most

The

valuable to the genealogist are the Minute

Books, kept from the earliest times in every

Meeting

by an appointed
:

clerk.

These

record, in addition to the ordinary business

of the Society, etc.

1.

Minutes of Removal from one place

to

another
'^

introducing a

Member
"

to the

kind and christian care

in

of

Friends

whatever

district

the

Member was about

2.

to settle.

Admissions

to

Membership.
for

3.

Disownments or Resignations
cause or another.

one

4.
5. 6.

The

recording of Ministers.

Lists of subscribers to various funds.

Permission of the Meeting

ing
"

'^

liberat-

two Friends
item
is

to marry.

This

last

especially valuable
all

when

the registers have

been

lost, as, if

54

Quaker
*'

two Friends were

liberated" to marry,

it

may be

taken as almost certain that they

ever,

accomplished their purpose, for permission

was seldom,

if

given except after

exhaustive enquiries by a committee.

.

Quite a different class of

Books.

books

is

formed by those in
record was

which

careful

kept of the Sufferings of Friends for Conscience

details

Sake.

These often give minute

regarding not only imprisonments

but seizures of goods on the ''passive resister " principle, and,

little

though they are of

value in tracing descent, they provide

useful information about our

much

Quaker

ancestors and give to a genealogy just that

breath of

life

that

is

so difficult to obtain.

The Minute Books and

rooms and iron
officials.

Sufferings Books

are for the most part stored locally in strong

safes in charge of

honorary
are

Some

of

these

Friends

enthusiastic genealogists and have time to

Records
help enquirers in their investigations.
it

55

But
are

must be remembered that they

strictly

all

holding a
enquiry.

honorary

office,

under no obligation whatever

to

and are reply to an

The

actual location of the safe

and the name of tlie official in charge might, if good cause be shown, be divulged by the
Librarian of the Friends' Reference Library
at

Devonshire House, but his knowledge

is

gathered from his

own

private researches

and no complete
safes^

list

of the contents of these

actual location^ exists.
state of things

or even of
is

thet?'

This and

most extraordinary
soon be

will, doubtless,

rectified.

Owing
and the
I

to the

honorary

office of the curators

doubt as to whether

my own
complete

investigations
list,

have
refrain
It

produced

must

from attempting to include one here.

may be

stated,

however, that

the

contents of quite a

number

of these safes

have

been deposited in the care of the

Clerk at Devonshire

Registering

House,

56

Quaker

and doubtless tliey could be consulted on payment of a small fee. They amount to many hundreds of volumes, and form a most valuable collection.
rni

The Friends'
,

v^

The above mentioned

Librarian of the Friends'

r>r^.^^

Library
valuable
letters,

Reference Library has in his

charge thousands of most

documents,

including

original

manuscripts, diaries or "journals,"

written by Friends from the year 1650

to the present time.

down

complete library
existence,

Here is also the most of old Quaker volumes in

made

to

it.

and additions are constantly beingAdmission may be obtained

letters

with suitable
purposes
valuable,

of

introduction for
research,

of

historical

and

but not as
all

yet

very complete,

Quakers of note is kept, a handy reference as to where further

card-index to
early
particulars of
writings.

them may be found

in various


Records
^

57

Quaker *
^

course,

Literature.

/ / crenealoo^ical
.

Quaker Literature is, of ^ r^ prolific very m

miormation.
stand

About

lialf-a-dozen

books

out
:

as

exceptional!}^ valuable in this direction

JOSEPH SMITH'S CATALOGUE OF FRIENDS' BOOKS a two-volume

book (published in 1867, with a Supplement, which appeared in 1893), is considered to be a standard work, showing great research and maintaining a very fair
level of accuracy.

QUAKER RECORDS,
Green,
is

by Joseph J. an invaluable Index of the Deaths

of

of Friends (from 1813 to 1892 inclusive), as

recorded in a series
as the

volumes

known

ANNUAL MONITOR.
though not
officially

These annuals,

published, were com-

menced in 1813 and are continuous to date. They form the Obituary of the Society of
Friends, recording not only the deaths and

58

Quaker
frequently

ages at death, but date and locality, and

very
the

biographical

notes,

but,

unfortunately, these notes, while mentioning

favourite
texts

of
all

Scripture

of

the

deceased, often omit

matters.

reference to family

However, they should always be

consulted

THE FIRST PUBLISHERS OF TRUTH is a valuable record, just completed,

taken from

original

manuscripts,

giving an account of the

introduction of

Quakerism into England and Wales. It is full of good things, and must certainly be
looked
into.

''A Collection of the

of a good Conscience " great volumes

SUFFERINGS
is

of

the People called Quakers for the Testimony

the

title

of two
to

by Joseph Besse, devoted

the Sufferings of the early Quakers (16501689).

list

their

At the end of tht second volume is some of those who actually died for howfaith, but it is very incomplete
of
;

Records

59

ever, 368 deaths are recorded here (or more than one saint for each day of the year,

though their names are now quite forgotten !), and further particulars are furnished in the
letter-press.

Besse

left

a
in

very valuable
the

Reference Library at Devonshire House) giving such genealogical information as he had at hand regarding each of these martyrs. It has never been published.
''

manuscript

(preserved

A JOURNAIv
Ivife,

or Historical

Account

of the

Travels, Sufferings, Christian Experiences, and I^abour of I^ove in the

Work

of

the

Ministry of that Ancient,

Eminent and Faithful Servant of Jesus

Christ, FOX." large volume, of which there are several editions, being in the nature of a diary of his travels,

GEORGE

and mentioning interesting particulars regarding

many
book.

of his contemporaries.

A remarkable

6o

Quaker
THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS^
of

HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
volumes of the present
completed,
Friends'
is

series

which four have been

of

the

official

organ
;

the

Historical

Society

Norman

Penney, Devonshire

House,
is

Bishopsgate
published

Without, London, E.C.,

the Hon. Sec.

is

and Editor.
14,

The Journal

quarterly (2/- per copy) by Headley Brothers,

Bishopsgate Without, London, E.C., to

all

whom

enquiries for books relating to the

Society of Friends should be made.

Historical Society
is

This

doing excellent work,

for instance,

and
just

all its

publications are of exceptional

;

value to the genealogist

published,
6,

it

has

as

Journal

Supplement

No.

''John ap John and Early Records

of Friends in Wales," a

work which the

descendant of any Welsh Quaker should not

omit to consult.

Many works have been

with
the history of

written dealing
in

Quakers

special

Records
countries and counties. of such publications is

^^
following
list

The

incomplete, but will serve to indicate the type of book which should be consulted when it is known in which district a Quaker ancestor lived.

America. James Bowden's -History of Friends in

America," 1850.
Br. R. H. Thomas's ^ History of Friendsin America," 1905.

Ireland.
"Sufferings of Friends in Ireland," by Abraham Fuller and Thomas Holme
" Friends in Ireland bone), 1804.
"

(by William Rath-

Several articles in the Journal of the Friends' Historical Society.

62

Quaker
Wales.
"

An

Account of the Convincement, etc. Richard of

....

Davies:

....

with some Relation of the Spreading of Truth in

North Wales," many editions. Journal of (See also above under ''The
the Friends' Historical Society.")

Cumberland.
*'

Early Cumberland Ferguson, Friends," by Richard S.

1871.

and Westmorland

Durham.
''

by Early Friends in the North,"

Steel, 1905.

J.

W.

<'

Unhistoric Acts,

Some Records of Early

and Friends in North-East Yorkshire Baker, Durham," by George

South
1906.

Records
IvONDON.

^3

Wm.
Ivife

Crouch's - Posthuma Christiana,"

1712,

Hawkins

of Gilbert Latey, comprising some account of the first settlement of Friends' Meetings in I^ondon," by R.
;

several editions.

*'I.ondon Friends' Meetings," by Beck and T. F. Ball, 1869.

Wm

Nottinghamshire.
"Sufferings of Quakers in Nottinghamshire, 1649-1689," by Percy Cropper,
J.

I0Q2,

Somersetshire. John Whiting's ^^Persecution Kxpos'd

1715.

"
'

^^ectures on Friends in Somerset," by William Tanner, 1858.

64

Quaker
SURRKY AND SUSSEX.
Early
Friends
in

"The

Surrey

and

Sussex," by T.

W.

Marsh, 1886.

Warwickshire.
" Friends in Warwickshire in the 17th William and i8th Centuries," by

White, 1894.

Westmorland.
(See above under
^'

Cumberland.")

Worcestershire.

-Evesham Friends

in Olden

Time"

(in-

cluding other districts Brown, 1885. shire), by Alfred W.

in Worcester-

Yorkshire.
-Yorkshire
Friends,

Quarterly
1650-1900,"

Meetings

of
S.

by John

Rowntrce, 1900.
(See also above under
''

Durham.")

Records
notes,

65

This list of books, and indeed these might be further extended to

if

hundreds,

not thousands of references,

sufficient

but perhaps

has been said to start

and,

the searcher in the right direction,

when

the sources

named have been

investi-

gated, other channels will have been opened

to view.

I ^
'*

JosiAH Newman, F.R.

Oristano,"

Hist. Soc.

Hatch End, Middlesex.

66

Genealogy of

III.

The Genealogy

of the

Submerged.

Many

genealogists are not content with

tracing only their father's, parents' or grandparents' paternal ancestry, but clamber into

the very twigs of their family-tree, recording

the

name of

every direct ancestor

whom they

can trace.

In

fact,

the keenest genealogists,

further progress

when they can make no

backwards
(if

such an expression
all their

may

be

used), devote their energies to tracing the

descendants of

known

ancestors.

the

Submerged
As most
traced,
'
.

67

^
,,

families, if fully

hath an cow I
ill

will
,

be

found

to

calf"*

include

those

sunk
have

as well as those

who have who

to find

risen, genealogists

must expect

in the course of their researches

many

fresh

skeletons for their family cupboards.

Pro-

vided that these can be kept safely under

lock and key,

why

them

It surely

should we not welcome must be comforting to be

''

able to convince oneself that

the sin that

doth so easily beset us

per

"

may be

placed to the

debit account of one of our ancestors {sus.

col.)

from

whom we
it is

have inherited

it

However,
to the

not to refer the genealogist

for particulars oi

Newgate Calendar
Their
chief

his ancestors that these few notes written.

have been
to draw which are

object

is

attention to the splendid records

in existence in

the condition
*

some parishes concerning and actions of those who

1674.

Camdeu's "Remains coucemiiig Britain,"

68
in the past

Genealogy of
were guilty of
In the
in great
*'

the crime of

poverty."
first

place let us

consider whether the pedigrees of paupers, long since

,

pe igrees

Governors and
Chandlers."
-,
,,

^ *

dead and buried, are matters . which should interest us.

.

-,

Allowing thirty years to a generation, a man born in 1870 had sixtyfour direct ancestors who were all living
about 1720, provided that no two of his immediate ancestors were close cousins.

Whatever
tically

his present social status,

if

it

will

be surprising

he does not find that practhese, his 64 great-great-

every grade of society was represented

by one or more of

great -great grandparents.

The

great grandmother of
girl

Queen Anne

was a poor

who

stood behind the bar of

a public-house.

She married the brewer,

" Jaciila

became
*

his

widow, married secondly Sir

Prudentum,"
1640.

George Herbert's

the

Submerged

69

Francis Aylesbury, and by him was the mother of Frances Aylesbury who married Edward Hyde, the His, ^ Prmces and .. ^ ,^, torian and Ivord Chancellor, _, Paupers. daughter, Anne, whose married James II. of England, and became the mother of two Queens of England, Mary II. and Anne.
.
.

..

There can be no doubt that it is possible many instances of monarchs being descended from humble ancestors was not William the Conqueror the grandson of a
to find

tanner

and,

if this is

the case with royalty, those of the middle

that

how much more must

classes expect to find

some of

their

direct ancestors

were poverty-stricken and

lived

amid squalid surroundings.

Several years

ago

the

Rummaging

vicar of Walton-on Thames,

the Rev.

asked

W. Kemp me to look

Bussell,

through

about

fifty

large bundles of old manuscript

70

Genealogy of

which were stacked in a cupboard in his Vicarage. He was then engaged in arranging the records preserved in the church
chest,

and had come

missing.

to the conclusion that

many were

Some

of these I found

in the bundles to

which reference has been

made, and many title-deeds and other records of great importance to this parish were added
turned
to those already in the chest.

After
I

thus placing the gold in safe custody,

my

attention to

regarded as the dross,

I

what I had at first and it is of this that

I

wish now to record a few notes, as

if

am

convinced that

many

parishes have pre-

served documents similar to those which

I

found in these bundles, the task of tracing

a family in the lowest stratum of society will

be easier than compiling the pedigree of

one in the upper middle

class.
is
.

Paupers and

..J

not space here f ^ to quote the various Acts

^

There
^

of

Parliament

of

which

these records are a result.

Those who are

the

Submerged

71

interested in the curious state of

whicli the indigent were

bondage to brought by the

Act of 14 Charles II., c. 2, modified by the Acts of 3 Wm. and Mary, c. 11, 8 and 9 Wm. and Mary, c. 30, and 35 George III.,
c.

loi, are referred to the " History of the

the

English Poor I^aw," by Sir G. Nicholls, '^ English Poor Law System," by Dr.
Ashcroft, and Dr. Burn's
'^

History of the

Poor Law."

The

following

actual

abstracts

and
the

copies of the documents at the Vicarage of

Walton-on-Thames

(printed here

by

courtesy of the Vicar) will convince any

that few records are richer in interesting
detail

than these which chronicle the

persons

lot of

many
graves.

who now

lie

in

nameless

Bonds to
secure parish
against
charges.

Between 1654 and 1727 ^^"'^ ^'\ ^^ documents which fall into two classes Fourteen being bonds to against Walton secure
:


72

Genealogy of
(''

charges for maintenance

maintenance and
children,

education" in the case

usually only
cation)
''

of

but

charges

"

without any

qualifi-

might arise, through poor persons who had lately come The remaining seven to settle in Walton. bonds were to secure Walton against charges through the birth of seven bastard children ("unborn child or children" in one case quoted below) and are signed by the sworn fathers, both the parents or by others.

which had

arisen, or

The amounts in ;io to ;ioo. The

from each of the above
:

these bonds vary from

following are extracts

two

kinds

mentioned

Bond for 60 of Edward

and Henry
perton^
to

Peacocke^ gent.^

Hatchett^ Churchwardens of Shep-

Thomas Best and Roger Metcalfe^ Chnrchwardens of Walton, To secure Walton

charges

against

through

Robert

Rayner^

Katherine^ his
inhabitants

and Lettice^ his danghter^ Shepperton^ who had lately come of

ivife^

the
to settle

Submerged
Witnesses

73

in Walton.

Ban. Proctor
ist

and Edinond Singer.

Here
in one

Dated

June^ 1666.

document we liave tlie names of a man and his wife and child, the name of the parish from which they came (a most
important fact for genealogists
as,

without

this record, a descendant of Robert Rayner, having traced his ancestry back to him,

would not know where

to look for records

of Robert's marriage, birth and parentage),

and the names of six other inhabitants of the two parishes mentioned, as well as the
actual signatures of four of these.
It is also

implied that Robert Rayner had rented, or

was endeavouring to rent, a tenement in Walton parish of the annual rental oi \o

or under.

Bond for ^0 of Ralph

Pnrdue^fisliernian^

of Shepperton^ and John Wi/ige, tanner^ of Williain Russell and John Walton^ to
Granthani^ CJiurchwardois of Walton.

Mary

Pitrdue and John Winge acknoivledge that said

74
yohn-

Genealogy of
Wingo
is tJic fafJicr

of iier unhoni child

,

or children^

mid Ralph Piirdtie (Mary^sfather) and said John Winge hold Walton Ji armless
the age of 16.

for any charges 7mtil child or children reach

Witnesses
:

Edward Bncknell^

Ed. G^ildhawk and Joseph Bignold.

20th Aprils 1724.

Dated

Imagine
have,

for a

nioment that yon are a

descendant of the child mentioned.

You

we

will say, traced

back yonr ancestry

many lines to a rich but selfmade man who lived at Walton (not that I know what actually became of Mary Purdue's
in one of its
child),

and

to

your horror you

find,

on

re-

ferring to the baptismal register here, that

he

is

entered as the bastard child of a

Mary

Purdue.

You

will probably not

pursue your
her, but

investigation further in this direction as you

will prefer not to

know more about

(strange are our things)

if,

ways of regarding such by the discovery of this Bond, you

learn the father's name, you will probably

the

Submerged

75

continue your search tracing both the

Winge

and Purdue families, and glossing over as best you can the awkward absence of a
marriage
certificate
''

Another variety of

Bond

to

secure

parish against charges" will be found described later after ''Apprenticeship Indentures."

Certificates
-,

Between 1697 and 1729 o ^t ^ there are 84 certificates

..

Settlement.

^f^

given by the Churchwardens ^ and Overseers of the Poor

,

of other parishes to poor persons

who were
Walton.

desirous of seeking

employment

in

Without such a certificate the Churchwardens and Overseers of the Poor at Walton would naturally not allow anybody who might become chargeable to the parish
to settle here.

" Able-bodied paupers, with

no intention of working, were in the habit of migrating to those parishes where they

would meet with

better treatment than at


76

Genealogy of
so that

home;

parishes

were often

saddled with the maintenance of paupers

who ought

rightfully to be chargeable to

another parish," hence the law empowering

parishes to remove paupers to their place of
^'settlement."

The following is a good specimen abstract

of such a certificate
:

Certificate from Jolm Eyre^ Clntrchivarden and Overseer of Putney^ Surrey^ tliat the fol-

lowing are inhahitants of Putney

Richard English^ Alary

six children:

his

Jane^
:

zvife^

and his

aged about i6; Sarah

14; Hester^ 13; Hannah^ 12; Elizabeth^ 11,

a7id Richard^ about 6 years old.

Witnesses

William Luck and John

Rogers.

Allowed

by F.

Justices of the Peace,

Gregg and William Billers^ Dated 2^th June^ 1723.

Here we have invaluable data about the family of English. There are also fyj^ actual

the

Submerged
some

77
(in

signatures to this document, whilst

the cases where two Churchwardens and

two Overseers sign) carry eight signatures.

Owing

to a

change in the law

these

in 1696/7,
certificates

the possessor of one of

could not be removed from the parish to

which he had come, probably for work, unless he became actually chargeable to it, but he could only obtain a " settlement" in it if he were allowed to hold a parish office for one year, or if he hired a house of the
yearly rental of ;^ro or over.

Occasionally

we

find copies of certificates

granted by the Churchwardens and Overseers of

Walton

to inhabitants of
to,

Walton

who were removing

ment
in,

or seeking employ-

another parish.
''

The

Home

Counties Magazine

"

one
for

of the most interesting

magazines

genealogist

in

its

number for January, 1905,

these
''certificates

reproduced
origin
"

one

of

of

as an illustration to a short article.


78
entitled
'^

Genealogy of
A
forgotten relic of
tlie

Poor

Law

System," by Mr. A, Denton Cheney,

F.R.HistS.

Between 1691 and 1729

Orders.

there are eleven

Removal
object

Orders,
these will

The

of

be clear from what has been

a fair specimen abstract
:

written above.

The

following

is

of one of these documents

Removal

Order

Mary

Glover

to Thames Ditton and her Iwo children. She

of
is

described as the wife of Charles Glover^ ^vater-

man^ of Thames Ditton^ and

she
tivo

it is stated that

had

lately come to settle small children " to sojorne

in Walton with her

&

dwell wth,

her father Roger Sponge of

Hirsham (Her-

sham) in Walton^ bricklayer.^'' It is signed Matthew Andrewes and C, White locke. Dated i^th June^ 1693.
by

There is a fairly good armorial Andrewes on this.

seal of


the
Examinations.
consist of

Submerged
,, "

79

...

^ Examination "

The documents endorsed

appear to

two kinds.
''

tions as to

There are examinasettlement" and examinations

granting
affiliation

previous

to

orders.

Taking the period from 1725

found 24 of the former and preserved at Walton.
2

to

1729,

of the latter

These documents are undoubtedly the most interesting among those which we are

now

considering,

and,

therefore,
:

several

abstracts of

(Copy)

The Examination of Sarah Orley^

tis

them

are given below

widow, taken upon oath before

two of His
(sic)

Majesty's Justices of the Peace quoram

umts Sr. James Edwards Barrt.

&

Francis
the

Henry Le,

Esq., for the Connty of

Surry

sixth day of Deer., 1725.

Sarah Orley deposeth upon Oath that she

was travelling from CJiipnam (Chippenham) in tJie County of Wiltshire with an
intent
to

goe

to

NorwicJi in Norfolk being

Her

8o

Genealogy of
served

Husband^ Will : Or ley a Carpenter by Trade

wJio
best

His time

as
to

apprentice

to

tJie

of

Her knowledge

Henry
to

Spice r at

Norwich in Norfolk but

to

dyi^ig at

Chip nam

above mentioned did endeavour

goe

to

Norwich
releif

find out His Relations

to

to
^

give

Her

but beiiig not able

gett there by reason of Her

,

being very

was obliged
above

to

stay at

Walton npon Thames

where
she

-mentioned

(sic)

was
as

delivered
last

of a Female Child Service where she lived a

&

that her

Year

a hired Servant was with Mr. Arthur Lang-

ford a

Farmer at Exberry (Exbury) in married to that she was Hampshire

&

Pollett^Esq.yatLinda two years since &

my hand this

William Orley wJicn she was a servant

II (?)

to

in HampsJiireahotit

fartJier sayeth not

w illness

Sixth day of December 1725.

J. F,

Witiness
James
Constabill

Griffin^

H Lee

Edwards

Her
Sarah'^Orley

Mark.

the
It
is

Submerged
official

8i

and the original is crnde, but, tliongli it happened 182 years ago, the perusal of the above must
all

very dry and

awaken

our

sympathies with

this

poor

widow, who, through no fault of her own, had such a hard experience. As amongst
these bundles there appears to be no record

of her removal to any of the parishes named,

let

us hope that the Overseer here forgot for

official,

once that he was an

hospitality of this parish

and that the was ungrudgingly

extended to her.

Examination

of

Jo Jin

Kcel^

born

at

TivickcnJiam^ hoinid apprentice by the Overseer

of til at parish to Simon Cole (then inhabiting in parish of East Molcsey) for eight yearSy

and Hertsham (Hersham in Walton) at wcJi. time he purchased ye rest of his time from his said Master that about six years agoe during his apprenlived witJi

Cole at Molesey for two years

about three years more with

^^

him

at

&

ticeship he

married

& since ye time of serving

82
his said

Genealogy of
Master he hath not gained any legal

settlements^

Signed by
cotgn''

''

J.

Edwards'' and
Peace.

''

Jo. Gas-

Justices of the

Dated 2nd

January^ 1726.
Notice that the Overseer of

Twickenham
another

was wise
this

in his generation

and apprenticed

pauper to an inhabitant of

parish.

Examination of John
born at Bistow (Bicester)

Slatford^ labourer^

Oxford^ where he

had a house and married Jndith Dormer

spi7ister^

of that parish at the parish chnrch of

St.

Bartholomew near Oxford^ by whom he has

two children now living both females one about

five years

and
:

the other abont twelve months.

Witnesses

Tho.
(?

Simmonds and

JoJin

Riplies).

Justices of the Peace:

J. Edzvards.

J.

Wyvill and

Dated

14///

April 1727.

To make
complete,
it

the account of these documents

would be necessary

to give a


the

Submerged

83

copy of the examination of the mother oi an illegitimate child, but the wording of
these

examinations,

perhaps,

would

be

rather too outspoken for the ultra-refined

ears of the twentieth century.
I feel

With

regret,

compelled to omit

it.

This brings us to the next class of documents which occur among these records.
.

In the

first

half of the nine-

Orders.

teenth century, Afiiliation ^'

Orders are very numerous,

but throughout these notes the names in no

than 1730 are given for fear that the feelings of any present
later date

document of

inhabitant of Walton might be hurt.

Before that date only one affiliation order

is

to

be found, of this the following

:

is

an

abstract

Charity Dihhs^ spinster^ of Walton^ who

was
been

lately delivered

of a bastard child having

^

exaiJiiued

(also

other
,

witnesses

who

were present at the birth)

tlie tzvo

undersighted

Justices of the Peace of Surrey adjudge

John

84

Genealogy of

Chapman^ husbandman^ of Walton^ the reputed father^ and oi'dcr him to pay ei\^ht shillings per
171072th

to

the

Overseer of Walto?i until the

child
;^5

is seve7i

years

old^
it^

and

the^i to

pay them

for apprenticing

also^

on notice of this

order^ to give security to the CJnirchwardeiis

and Overseer for due performance. Signed by Tho. Brende^^ and Matthezv Andrcives^^ Dated 20th March^ 1673. Bight sliillings per montli for seven
^'
^^

years plus

equals

^%

12s.

am

inis

formed that the usual order now made

for five shillings per

week

for fourteen years,

which,

totalling ;^i82 if

the child lives,

compares well with the ^38 12s. in 1673, even after allowing for the difference in the
value of

money

in those days.
,

Apprentice,
.

Between i6s6 and 171^ ^

.

'

there are 57 apprenticeship indentures.

Indentlfres.*
*

do not
Those interested
in

Though they contain much genea-

the genealogy of Chester niay be glad to have the following reference to a manuscript at the British Museum : " Indentures of Chester Apprentices, KUz. to James I.,

Harl. MS., 2046."

the

Submerged
is

85

logical information, yet they are so quaintly

worded that
in full

it

worth while

to

quote one

:
made
the tenth

THIS INDENTURE

day of June In the yeare of our Lord one Thousand Sixe hundred Fifty and Sixe

BETWEENE

William Inwood and Ancell

Beaumont Churchtvardens of the pdxishe * of Walton upon Thames in the County of Surry Joline Osborne Thomas Best and TJiomas Clarke
Overseers for the poore of the said punish of the

and James Gretrakes of the pdxishe of Hampton in the County of Middl^stx Cord07ie

pdxte

wayner on the other part,

that the Churchwardens

WITTNESSETH
and
Overseers of the

poore by

and with

the Consent of Sir

Thomas

Evelyn Ki\ig\\t and Francis Drake EsgnirQ

Justices of the peace for the said County whereof

one

is

of tJie Quornin and at the only

cost

and

charges of Beniamyn Weston of Walton afore-

said Esqwirt have by these pxtsents put forth

*

Bxteudecl abbreviations are indicated by change of type.

86

Genealogy of
late

placed and bozmd John Blunt sonn of Roger

Blunt

cesiSQd ass

of Walton aforesaid Barhor dean Appi^ntice to and with the said

as

James Gretrakes and

Servant
or
the
zvith
Jiivi

an Appitntice and

the said

his Assignes

to

James Gretrakes dwell and remayne from

day of the date above written onto the full end and terme of eight yeares from thence next ensueinge and f2 illy to he compleate

and ended By and dureinge

all

which

said terme the said John Blunt his saidAfast^r

well

keep his Lawfiill

shall gladly doe

and faithfully shall serve his secrctts shall Commandments every where

He

shall not wast the goods of

his said il/aster 7ior lend them tinlawfully to

any person
Contract

He

shall not Comitt fornicacon nor

shall not play

Matrimony within the said terme He at any unLawfull games

Taverns nor Alehouses he shall not hau7it

neither shall he absent himselfe by day nor by

night but as a true and faithfull Servant shall

behave himselfe towards his said AldiSier aswell
in wordes as in deeds dureinge the said Terme

the

Submerged
and

^y

And the said Master For

in Consideraeon

of the some of Five pounds of Lawfull mony of Englajid to him in hand paid By the aforesaid

Beniamyn Weston
and
witl
teacJi

Esqwiro.

now pro-

mise th a? id Coventeth that he the said J/aster

shatt
instruct informe

and

hringe up or cause to l)e taught instructed informed and brought up him the said Appxtntice

in the trade mystcrie or scyence of a Cord7uh.a.tsoez>er

7vayner or
the best

Trade he now

ttseth

in

manner

that he can findinge andatlozv-

inge unto his said Apprentice S2ifficient meate

drintie

lodgeinge wasJiing Cf Apparetl both

hose shoes

and all other things Convenient for such an Apprentice aud Servant and at thend of the said Tcrme shall give and allowe unto his said
in

Lynncn and Woollen with

Apprentice double Appaxell That

Appd^rell for the

is

to

say

and Appdirell for the workinge dales meet decent and Convenient for such an Apprentice and Servant IN
Holy
dales

WITNES
named to

whereof the pdxties first above

theise present Indentures theire

hands


88

Genealogy
scales InfercJiangahly

of
sett

and

have

dated the

day and y care first above zvrittcn. Signed Scaled and Delivered

In

the presence of

James Gretrakes.

Tho. Dickinson.

Lodowicke Jackson,

(Signed in the margin by :

TJio:

Evelyn and Fran. Drake.

After
tures

713 these Apprenticeship Inden-

are

made
:

out

on

printed

forms,

supplied by
"

W. Warter and
the

J.

Lenthall, vStationers, at

Talbot

next

the

Aliter-Tavern
in Fleet

against St. Dunstan's

Street
:

Church
all

where

are

sold

Justices

Warrants."
''John
Coles,

Stationer, at the

Sun and
Fleet-

Mitre
street."

against

Chancery-lane,

"P.

Barret,

Stationer,
:

in

Fleet-street,

IvOndon," and by

the

Submerged

89

^'John Kvett, at the Great Turk's Head

over-against Fetter-lane-end in Fleetstreet, Stationer."

These printed forms are not especially interesting. Between 1714 and 1730 there are 17, each supplied by one or other of the above-named stationers.

, ^ Bonds from
Masters.
seers

Between i6s6 and 17^0

,

^^^'^ ^'" ^^^ ^^^'^' ^^ ^^^

Churchwardens and Overfrom Masters who had signed IndenThese tures apprenticing a poor child. Bonds, which are for S or ;^io, were given
as a security that the master

would feed and

to

clothe his apprentice

and keep him or her

charge
the parish

from

becoming a

during the term of the apprenticeship.

Various
.

^ Poor
,

There are
.

also
,
-

other
.

Law

miscellaneous
,
.

,,

documents
,

Records.

relating to the administration of the

Poor I^aws in

this parish.

For

instance,

the

POOR-RATK

I^ISTS are

90

Genealogy of

invaluable to anyone studying the genealogy

and topography of a parish. They show the assessment made on the inhabitants "towards the necessary releife of the poor " of
the parish.

The

earliest to
is

be found

among
is

the records of

Walton

dated 1732, and

practically a directory of the parish, giving

most cases the Christian name as well as the surnames of those who were assessed, with the amount which they paid. The names, of which there are 240 in the list of 1732, are arranged under " Squadrons," i.e.
in
districts.

However, these

lists

are outside
is

the scope of the present chapter as there

nothing in them that will help a genealogist

to trace

an obscure family.

For the early part of the nineteenth century there are monthly LISTS OF

THE INMATES OF THE WORKHOUSE,

compiled by the Master of the
in order that his remuneration
calculated.

Workhouse
Christian

might be correctly

They show
age.

name

as

well as surname,

the
etc.,

Submerged

91

and discharge, woman, and child who passed through the workhouse. All cases
health, date of admittance

of every man,

of insanity
noted.

among

the inmates are

also

There are manuscript books giving the

names of the recipients of CHARITY money, but no genealogical data are to be

gleaned from these.
Occasionally

we

find

CASES FOR
examination
in

COUNSElv,
from
the

setting forth the facts elicited

pauper

under

instances where his removal, or attempted

removal, had given rise to a dispute between the two parishes.

from Overseers, Churchwardens, Employers, etc., are preserved. These relate to most of the above
matters.

few

I.BTTBRS

Enough has now been written to prove the value of these records, and to indicate the class of information which they contain.
As with most
parish records, the nearer

we

92
approach to the present time the more data
are to be found in the documents.

As an

instance of this,

would mention

a removal

order dated 1843, ^T^om which we see that M., who died six years previously at J.
living at

Cobham, was the father of J. M., then Cobham, whose brother, R. M., born at Cobham, where he died and was buried about twelve months previously,
married about 40 years previously S. P., who was still living. R. M. and S. P. were
the parents of another J. M., a labourer, then living, who was born in lawful

wedlock

at Claygate,

he married S. R. were then the parents of Mary, aged 8 Thomas, aged 4, and Henry, aged 5
;

Thames Ditton, where The said J. M. and S. R.

Martha, aged 18 months.

four-generation pedigree

could

any

genealogist expect to obtain

more data from

one document?

Chas. a. Bernau.
*'

Pendeen," Walton-on-Thames.

Index
INDEX I.OCORUM.
PAGE
America
,,
,5 ,,

93

PAGE
Essex, Braintree
Gloucestershire...
,,

...

3 to 36, 61
...

...

14

Barbadoes

15 15

...
...
...

43 43

Canibbe Islands
Nevis

Bristol
...

15

Hampshire
,,

43
80
80

,,
J,

New
St.

England

14
15

Exbury

...

Christopher

"Lindall"...
Herefordshire
... ...

Virginia (James

43

River)
,,

...

17
15

,,

Almeley

West

Indies
... ...

...
...

Wooton
Hertfordshire
...

45

Bedfordshire
Berkshire

43

...

43
43

...

43 43 43
14

Huntingdonshire
Ireland
,,

il,

Buckinghamshire
Cambridgeshire

...
...

51, 61

Dublin

51

Ely
Cheshire
,,
...

...

Kent
Lancashire
Leicestershire
...

11,43
43,
...

..

43 84 43

44
43

Chester
...
...

...

...
...

Cornwall

...

Lincolnshire

43,
43j

44 63
88

Cumberland
Derbyshire

43, 62

London
,,

43
...

Chancery

Lane

Devon
Dorset

... ...

...

43
43

,, ,,
,,

Fetter-lane-end Fleet Street

88,

89
89

...

11,

Durham
Essex

(Diocese
...

and
13, 43,

Putney
St.

(see Surrey)

County)

62 43

,,

Dunstan's
...

II,

Church

88

94
London

Index
PAGE
''The Great Turk's
Staffordshire
...

PAGE
...

43

Head''

...

89

Suffolk
,,

II, 43,

" The

Miire
...

Ipswich

...

44 46

Tavern''
,,

88

Surrey

43> 64

" The Sun and

Mitre "
...

88 88
11
,,
,,

Claygate

92
...
...
...

Cobham

92
81

''

The Talbot '\..

East Molesey

Ward of Walbrook
Hampton
Shepperton
...

,,

Godalming
Guildford

45 to 47
45,

Middlesex
,,
,5
,,

43
85
'jt,

,,
,,

46

Hersham
Putney

78, 81

72,

,,

76

Twickenham
Norwich

81,82

,,
,,

Norfolk
,,

43
43, 79,

Thames Ditton 78, 92 Walton-on- Thames

69
to

80
Sussex

92

Northamptonshire

n, 43
...

43,
...

64

Northumberland
Nottinghamshire
Oxfordshire
,,
...

43
6;^

Wales

43i 58, 60, 62

...

43,
...
...

Warwickshire

43, 64

43 82
82 43

Westmorland
Wiltshire
,,

...
...

43, 44, 64

Bicester

n, 43
79,

,,

Oxford

...
...

Chippenham
...

80

Rutland
Scotland.,
... ...

Worcestershire
,,

43, 64

...

43

Evesham
...

64

Somerset

43, 63

Yorkshire

43, 64

Index
INDEX NOMINUM.

95

96

Index