January 31, 2013

CW 7.2: The Industrial Revolution

Page 1

Do First (3 minutes) and Share Out (2 minutes)

What is the Industrial Revolution? When and where did it occur?
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Objective (1 minute): SWBAT synthesize the factors that led to the Industrial Revolution.
Mastery: At the end of this lesson, you will need to write a thesis on the following prompt:

Explain the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England.

Agenda (1 minute)

Do First and Share Out (5 minutes)

Lesson Overview (2 minutes)
Key Ideas (6 minutes)
Industrial Revolution: Causes [Reading] (20 minutes)
Thesis Writing (7 minutes)
Exit Ticket (5 minutes)

Key Ideas (6 minutes)

1.___________

Essential Question: What is the purpose of

Industry and Commerce?
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2. _____________

3.___________

4.___________

1. The Industrial Revolution began in England around 4. These changes had both non-technological and
1750 and lasted until around 1820 CE.
technological causes:
a. Non-Technological: England entered a
2. The Industrial Revolution is period of time when,
period of stability when business owners
due to the increase in machines and the advent of
felt safe taking risks and innovating
steam power, the style of living changed for most
b. Non-Technological: People had enough
people in the industrialized world.
money to invest in new inventions
c. Technological: New technologies were
3. New machines were made to improve on peoples
invented, such as steam engines, cotton
ability to farm, create clothes, and make other
gins, and new methods of making iron (to
types of goods. In addition, steam power allowed
make industrial machinery)
for improved transportation of these things to
people (faster and farther)

January 31, 2013

CW 7.2: The Industrial Revolution

Part I: Overview of the Industrial Revolution (Review)

Page 2

CFU _____________

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes that occurred in the period from
about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production to
machines, especially in manufacturing and farming, as well as using steam power for transportation.
The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in history; almost every aspect of daily life was
influenced in some way. Most notably, average income and population began to exhibit huge increases. In the
words of Nobel Prize winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr., "For the first time in history, the living standards of the
masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic
behavior has happened before".

1. How might making things with machines and steam power have led to an increase in the amount of money the
average person earned? (Critical Thinking Question)

Hint: How did most people make their

money before factories and machines?

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2. How might making things with machines and steam power have led to an increase in the population of England and
the other countries of the Industrial Revolution? (Critical Thinking Question)

Hint: What determines how many

people can survive?

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January 31, 2013

CW 7.2: The Industrial Revolution

Part II: Non-Technological Causes of the Industrial Revolution

Entrepreneur (n.)

Respecting the sanctity of

contracts (phrase)

Page 3

CFU_______________

A French word for a person To pioneer (v.)

To be the first to do
who starts, owns, and runs
something, to start
their own business
something new
This phrase means that people trusted that if they made an agreement with someone
about a business matter, that the agreement would be kept.

Great Britain provided the legal and cultural foundations that enabled entrepreneurs to pioneer the industrial
revolution. Key factors that created this environment were: (1) The period of peace and stability which
followed the unification of England and Scotland; (2) no trade barriers between England and Scotland; (3) the
rule of law (respecting the sanctity of contracts); (4) a straightforward legal system which allowed the
formation of joint-stock companies (corporations); and (5) a free market (capitalism)

Free Market Capitalism: An

economic system where people
own their own businesses and the
government stays out of it. Many
people believe that free-market
capitalism is the best system of
economics, because, it is believed
that the competition of this
system pushes people to make
better products and be more
prosperous.

Focus on Economics
1. What happened in Great Britain that allowed the Industrial Revolution to begin?
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2. What is Capitalism?
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January 31, 2013

CW 7.2: The Industrial Revolution

Part III: Technological causes of the Industrial Revolution

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CFU_____________

The commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations, beginning
in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s the following gains had been made in important
technologies:

Textiles Mechanized cotton

spinning powered by steam or
water increased the output of a
worker by a factor of about 1000.
The power loom increased the
output of a worker by a factor of
over 40. The cotton gin increased
productivity in removing seed
from cotton by a factor of 50.
Large gains in productivity also
occurred in spinning and weaving
of wool and linen.

Steam power The efficiency of

steam engines increased so that
they used between one fifth and
one tenth as much fuel. The
adaption of steam engines to rotary
motion made them suitable for
industrial and transportation uses.
A coal-powered steam engine

January 31, 2013

CW 7.2: The Industrial Revolution

Page 5

Blast Furnace from the late

1800s

Iron making The substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the
fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production. Using coke also
allowed larger blast furnaces, resulting in economies of scale. The rolling
mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. The double
acting blowing engine allowed higher furnace temperatures. Hot blast
greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.
1. What are the technological causes of the Industrial Revolution?
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2. Explain how these causes both technological and non-technological -- might have led to increased
earnings and a higher population.
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January 31, 2013

CW 7.2: The Industrial Revolution

Page 6

Thesis Writing (7 minutes)

Write a thesis on the following prompt:

Explain the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England.

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The following rubric describes how your thesis will be scored:

Thesis Rubric

Assertion
Causes
Examples/
Explanations

Partner Eval.
Assertion
Causes
Ex./Explanations

Thesis does not contain an

assertion.
Thesis contains 1 or fewer
causes of the Industrial
Revolution in England
One or fewer of the causes of
the Industrial Revolution in
England is explained or has an
example.

Score

Thesis contains a statement

that responds to the prompt
but it is not arguable.
Thesis contains 2 causes of the
Industrial Revolution in England

Thesis contains an arguable

statement that responds to the
prompt.
Thesis contains 3 or more
causes of the Industrial
Revolution in England
Three or more of the causes of
the Industrial Revolution in
England are explained or have
example.

Two of the causes of the

Industrial Revolution in England
are explained or have
examples.

What evidence do you see for this score?