Complete Healthcare Solutions

FORERUNNERS HEALTHCARE CONSULTANTS PVT. LIMITED

Website : www.forerunnershealthcare.com

Kidney Transplant in India

Kidney Transplantation: Kidney transplantation is the transplant of a kidney into a patient with end-stage kidney disease. End-stage kidney failure is caused by diabetes, chronic Blood Pressure and Chronic glomerulonephritis. Kidney transplantation is also known as Renal Transplantation. Kidneys remove excess fluid and waste from your blood. When kidneys lose their filtering ability, dangerous levels of fluid and waste accumulate in your body a condition known as kidney failure. A kidney transplant is remains the only option in such situation. Kidney transplants are one of the most common transplant operations. Only one donated kidney is needed to replace two failed kidneys.

Candidates for Kidney Transplantation: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for most patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), regardless of the cause of their kidney failure. Any individual with ESRD is a potential transplant candidate. You do not have to be on dialysis to be evaluated for or receive a transplant. Kidney transplant candidates must have adequate heart-lung function and can't have other medical conditions that severely limit life expectancy. You'll work closely with the transplant team to increase the benefit of and reduce the risk of transplant. Since transplant requires a lifelong commitment to taking medication and to having regular physician contact, patients also must understand and be willing to accept this responsibility.

Not a Candidate for Kidney Transplantation: A kidney transplant may NOT be recommended if you have: Certain infections, such as TB or osteomyelitis Difficulty taking medications several times each day for the rest of your life Heart, lung, or liver disease Other life-threatening diseases History of cancer Infections such as hepatitis that are considered to be active Smoking, alcohol or drug abuse, or other risky lifestyle habits

Donors for Kidney Transplantation: All donors are carefully screened to make sure there is a suitable match and to prevent any transmissible diseases or other complications. Kidneys for transplantation come from two sources: Living donors: Living donors are usually immediate family members or sometimes spouses. Deceased/ Cadaveric donors: Deceased donor kidneys usually come from people who have willed their kidneys before their death by signing organ donor cards.

Preparation for Kidney Transplantation: The patient has to follow diet advised by the transplant team. Patient should refrain from alcohol and smoking. The transplant team may recommend exercise program Transplant team may recommend an exercise program to keep patients weight in check. Certain medicines may be prescribed before the transplant. Evaluation and Tests for Kidney Transplantation: Once the patient is referred to the transplant centre, he will be thoroughly evaluated by a transplant team. Certain tests are advised before the kidney transplantation procedure: Tissue and blood typing Blood tests Skin tests Heart tests such as an EKG, echocardiogram, etc. Kidney Transplantation Procedure: People receiving a kidney transplant are given general anesthesia before surgery. The surgeon makes a cut in the lower abdomen area. Surgeon places the new kidney inside the lower abdomen. The artery and vein of the new kidney are connected to the artery and vein in the pelvis. Ureter is then attached to the bladder. Patients own kidneys are left in place, unless they cause, high blood pressure, infections, or are too large for the body. The wound is then closed. Kidney transplant surgery takes about 3 hours. People with diabetes may also have a pancreas transplant done at the same time which usually adds another 3 hours to the surgery.

Types of Kidney Transplantation Surgery: A nephrectomy is the surgical term for the removal of a kidney. A healthy kidney intended for donation is normally removed by one of two procedures. Laparoscopic Nephrectomy - A laparoscopic nephrectomy is performed under a general anaesthetic. Three or four small abdominal incisions are made in the abdomen to provide access for surgical instruments that are used to detach the kidney and to ligate the blood vessels. The intact kidney is enclosed in a bag and removed through an incision or it may be placed in an impermeable sack, morcellated and removed through one of the port sites. Laparoscopic Nephrectomy provides patients with a safe and effective way to remove a diseased or cancerous kidney. Laparosopic nephrectomy is a minimally invasive technique, which provides patients with less discomfort and equivalent results when compared to the larger incision required with traditional open surgery. Open Nephrectomy - In a traditional, open nephrectomy, the kidney donor is administered general anesthesia and a 610 in (15.225.4 cm) incision through several layers of muscle is made on the side or front of the abdomen. The blood vessels connecting the kidney to the donor are cut and clamped, and the ureter is also cut between the bladder and kidney and clamped. Depending on the type of nephrectomy procedure being performed, the ureter, adrenal gland, and/or surrounding tissue may also be cut. The kidney is removed and the vessels and ureter are then tied off and the incision is sutured (sewn up). The surgical procedure can take up to three hours, depending on the type of nephrectomy being performed.

Follow Up Care Post Kidney Transplantation: A successful kidney transplant requires close follow-up with your doctor and you must always take your medicine as directed. The period immediately following your transplant may be very stressful. Following are some of the important care to be taken after your kidney transplantation surgery; Before leaving the hospital, patient will be given instructions about anti-rejection medication and its doses Patient will be taught about measuring blood pressure, temperature, and urine output at home. In the first few weeks after leaving the hospital, the transplant team will review the patient, undergo blood tests, and adjust medication doses. You must keep follow-up appointments with your transplant team to monitor for signs of rejection. In the follow up appointments, the transplant team will conduct regular blood and urine tests to detect any signs of organ failure. One or more ultrasounds of the graft kidney may be done to see if there are structural abnormalities suggesting rejection. An arteriogram or nuclear medicine scan may be needed to confirm that blood is flowing to the transplanted kidney.

Kidney Transplantation Rejection: Unfortunately, when the immune system sees a newly transplanted organ as a foreign object that could be harmful to you, it attempts to rid your body of it. This is called as rejection. The immune system may reject the transplanted kidney. For this reason, patient must keep aware of warning signs and symptoms of rejection. Hypertension, Swelling or puffiness usually in the arms, legs, or face, decreased urine output, fever, abdominal pain, etc. The patient must contact the transplant team immediately if any of these symptoms develop. The anti rejection drugs taken after surgery help prevent rejection. This is called immunosuppressive therapy. These drugs weaken the immune system to allow your body to accept the transplanted organ. If the patient is taking immunosuppressant drugs he is regularly screened for infection, high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, etc.

Advantages of Kidney Transplantation: The outcome for kidney transplants surgery continues to improve with advances in immune-suppressing medications. Following are some of the advantages; Freedom from dialysis and freedom from the time commitment that it requires Increased energy No longer seeing themselves as chronically ill 3-year graft survival rate after transplantation is almost 80%. The earlier you can detect rejection, the better the chance it can be reversed and the new kidney's function preserved Those who undergo Kidney transplant enjoy better quality of life after the procedure Those who receive a kidney from a living related donor do better than those who receive a kidney from a deceased donor Disadvantages of Kidney Transplantation: Problems breathing, Reactions to medications, wound infection, etc. are some of the disadvantages and side-effects associated with kidney transplantation.

Kidney Transplantation in India: Kidney Transplantation in India is performed through cutting - edge clinical solutions, research, extraordinary patient care and infrastructure of world-class standards. This has addressed concerns of many patients and has helped them get rid of complex and most end stage kidney diseases. Kidney transplant is a complex surgical exercise and need highly skilled consultants, ingenious technical staff and advanced technology working with perfect harmony, enormous dedication and team work. India offers a one stop solution for all those seeking critical procedures such as kidney transplantation.

Cities in India that offers Kidney Transplantation surgery at some of the best hospitals are as follows; Mumbai Delhi Bangalore Chennai Hyderabad Pune Nagpur Gurgaon Kerala Goa Jaipur Chandigarh

Cost of Kidney Transplantation in India: Kidney transplant cost in India allows people of every class and from every part of the world to avail the best medical care suited to their pocket. Everything from finding a donor and performing the surgery to the prolonged recovery period and lifelong medication, each factor adds to the cost, making kidney transplantation difficult to afford for some people. Following table will give you an idea about the huge cost difference between UK and India; Procedure Laparoscopic Kidney Transplantation Open Nephrectomy Cost (US $) * United States India 3,00,000 70,000 4,50,000 1,00,000

Some of the common countries from which patients travel to India for surgery are:

USA Australia Kenya Tanzania Lanka Afghanistan

UK Zealand Ethiopia Zambia Bangladesh Nepal

Canada Nigeria Uganda Congo Pakistan Uzbekistan

ABOUT INDIA Located in South Asia, bordered by Pakistan, Nepal, China and Bangladesh, India is South Asia's largest, sovereign, democratic republic. India has an edge over other countries when it comes to offering comprehensive, cost-effective and timely medical care: it also offers an exotic, adventure-filled or cultural -if you wish array of destinations to discover and revel in for the travelers. Indian cities like Mumbai, Hyderabad, Goa, Bangalore, Nagpur, Kerala, Delhi, Pune, Jaipur, Chennai, Gurgaon, and Chandigarh offers best medical tourism service.

Mumbai - Formerly known as Bombay, is the commercial & financial capital city of India. Mumbai is famous for many things, including its thriving Bollywood film industry, teeming bazaars, colonial-style buildings, Art Deco structures and a superb choice of restaurants, often being rated as the dining capital of India. The tourist district of Colaba in Mumbai is a great place to start exploring this great city.

Hyderabad Hyderabad city is a great place to visit in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The place has witnessed a continuous growth for last many years. Hyderabad has become a tourist hotspot following ever increasing number of tourists during past few years. Hyderabad has a well-founded reputation as one of the safest cities in the world. Goa - The country's smallest state and famed for its colonial Portuguese and Catholic past, most tourists visit Goa for its endless selection of sandy beaches and coastal attractions. Standing proudly next to the Arabian Sea, Goa is a particularly compact state and often feels like a large town, being easy to travel. Around Goa, tourists will soon realize that the state has much more to offer than simply stunning beaches, fishing, water scooters, windsurfing and scuba diving. Bangalore - Beauty lies in the eyes of beholder and if you want to see one of the most beautiful places in India then Bangalore is the word for it. Bangalore has earned sobriquets like 'Silicon Valley of India', 'Pub Capital of India', and 'City of Gardens'. Pleasant climate with colorful gardens with lakes and glittering nightlife, Bangalore has made its own attraction for travelers as one of the most charming cities in India, Nagpur - Nagpur is the largest city in central India, but with its friendly atmosphere and dependable transportation, youll instantly feel at home. The city of Nagpur has a well-built infrastructure, is a clean and affluent city which makes a good jumping-off point for a series of trips into the far eastern corner of Maharashtra. Kerala - Natural beauty, clean air and primordial greenery amidst the vast expanse of water and sky, typifies the state of Kerala better known as God's own country. Kerala is famous for its alternative medical therapies such as Ayurveda, which help to rejuvenate and revitalize the body. The region is also home to Indias only virgin tropical rain forest the Silent Valley National Park, supporting an overwhelming range of life forms, many of which are highly endangered, and endemic to this part of the planet. Delhi - "Welcome to The Capital City of India - New Delhi" Delhi is famous as Capital city of India is located in North India. Delhi is truly a symbol of the old and the new; a blend of ancient well preserved monuments and temples along with jampacked burger joints and up market shopping malls. Delhi has state of the art Hospitals and the best qualified doctors. Pune - Once referred to as the Oxford of the east, Pune continues to be a stronghold for academics and culture. An array of factors like availability of efficient and experienced doctors, comparatively low treatment costs, hospital facilities of international standards and many more have made Pune one of the top destinations for medical tourism. Jaipur - Jaipur is one of the most popular destinations on a tourist's itinerary. The magnificent forts, beautiful havelis and colourful bazaars make Jaipur a popular tourist destination among tourists. Jaipur has pioneered health and medical tourism in India. Chennai - Chennai is one of the most developed urban centers in the Indian subcontinent. The city forms the capital of Tamil Nadu state and is the fourth largest metropolitan city in India. They have some of the very best hospitals and treatment centers in the world. Each hospital is equipped with state of the art facilities. The technology brought into practice is the very latest, including robotic surgery.

Knee Replacement Surgery in India

Knee replacement surgery also known as knee arthroplasty is procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve the pain and disability of osteoarthritis. It may be performed for other knee diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. The procedure has been proven to help individuals return back to moderately challenging activities such as golf, bicycling, and swimming. Total knees are not designed for jogging, or sports like tennis and skiing (although there certainly are people with total knee replacements that participate in such sports). Knee replacement is a routine surgery performed on over 600,000 people worldwide each year. Over 90% of people who have had Total Knee Replacement experience an improvement in knee pain and function.

Knee Replacement Surgery Candidates A person would be considered a candidate for knee replacement if there is: Daily pain The pain is severe enough to restrict work, recreation and ordinary activities of daily living Significant stiffness in the knee Significant instability (constant giving way) of the knee Significant deformity (knock-knees or bow-legs) that hinders normal function of the knee Damage from arthritic conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or post-traumatic arthritis

Success Rate of Knee Replacement Surgery: Knee replacement surgery is recognized as a miracle of modern surgery. Most orthopedic experts consider replacement to be the best method of handling arthritis in the knee. Knee replacements have literally put hundreds of thousands of Americans back on their feet and allowed them to enjoy their golden years.

Knee Replacement Surgery Preparations: If you smoke, cut down or quit. Smoking changes blood flow patterns, delays healing and slows recovery. If you drink, don't have any alcohol for at least 48 hours before surgery. Ask your doctor for pre-surgical exercises. If you are having hip or knee replacement surgery, doing exercises to strengthen your upper body will help you cope with crutches or a walker after surgery. Your primary care physician or an internist will conduct a general medical evaluation several weeks before surgery. This examination will assess your health and your risk for anesthesia. The results of this examination should be forwarded to your orthopaedic surgeon, along with a surgical clearance. Shortly before your scheduled surgery, you will probably have an orthopedic examination to review the procedure and answer any last-minute questions. You may need to take several types of tests, including blood tests, a cardiogram, a urine sample and a chest X-ray. Advice your surgeon of any medical conditions you have and of all the medications you are taking. You may need to stop taking certain medications or your surgeon may recommend substitute medications until your surgery. Medications such as corticosteroids, insulin or anti-coagulants will need to be managed before and after surgery.