Power Control

CHAPTER 5

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Module Objectives
Explain the motivation for power control Indicate the BSS parameters required for power control in general (output power levels, fixed step sizes) Describe the principle steps to be executed for power control (averaging, triggering, power change step size estimation) Discuss the algorithms used to estimate the power change step size, when the power has to be increased / decreased due to signal level / quality Explain the motivation for power optimisation Indicate the BSS parameters required for power optimisation additionally Discuss, how power control and traffic channel allocation are modified by power optimisation

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Power Control

Power Control Motivation

Reduced interference on DL/UL

Longer service time of battery Realization of power class

Activation of DL power control powerCtrlEnabled Y,N

Power control independent for DL and UL for each call

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Power Control

Power Control Parameter Output Power Limits

Maximum MS output power msTxPwrMaxGSM msTxPwrMaxGSM1x00 TCH msTxPwrMaxCCH msTxPwrMaxCCH1x00 Minimum MS output power minMSTxPower 5..39 dBm GSM 900 0..36 dBm GSM 1800 0..32 dBm GSM 1900 5..39 dBm GSM 900 TCH 0..36/32,33 dBm GSM 1800/1900 5..39 dBm GSM 900 CCH 0..30 dBm GSM 1800 CCH 0..32 dBm GSM 1900 CCH

Power Values

Power class dependent range

Maximum BTS output power (by minimum attenuation)

Attenuations 30 dB Range

bsTxPwrMax bsTxPwrMax1x00

0..30 dB GSM 900 0..30 dB GSM 1800/1900

Minimum MS output power (by maximum attenuation) bsTxPowerMin 0..30 dB

Additional attenuation for super reuse TRx bsTxPowerOffset

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0..30 dB

Power Control

Power Control Parameters Power Change Step Sizes

Desired power level can be achieved in 1 or 2 commands

Yes Fixed step size

Fixed increment step size powerIncrStepSize Fixed decrement step size powerDecrStepSize 2,4,6 dB 2,4,6 dB

No Variable step size

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Power Control

Power Control Strategy Measurement Averaging

UL Quality UL Level DL Quality DL Level

<Av_RXQUAL_UL> <Av_RXLEV_UL > <Av_RXQUAL_DL> <Av_RXLEV_DL >

POWER POWER CONTROL CONTROL UPLINK UPLINK THRESHOLD COMPARISON POWER POWER CONTROL CONTROL DOWNLINK DOWNLINK

Power control interval powerCtrlInterval 0..31 s

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Power Control

Power Control Strategy Triggering

Nx samples Less than Px samples exceed threshold No power change triggered

Actual average samples

threshold
Signal level thresholds pcUpperThresholdLevelDL/UL pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL Signal quality thresholds pcUpperThresholdQualDL/UL pcLowerThresholdQualDL/UL Number of average samples Nx Px
NOKIA

-110..-47 dBm -110..-47 dBm

Nx samples Px samples exceed threshold Power change triggered Power change step size estimation

0..7 0..7

1..32 1..32
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Power Control

Power Control Strategy Scenarios

Exceeded threshold pcUpperThresholdLevelDL pcLowerThresholdLevelDL pcUpperThresholdLevelUL pcLowerThresholdLevelUL pcUpperThresholdQualDL pcLowerThresholdQualDL pcUpperThresholdQualUL pcLowerThresholdQualUL Action BTS power decrease BTS power increase MS power decrease MS power increase BTS power decrease BTS power increase MS power decrease MS power increase Reason Signal level Signal level Signal level Signal level Signal quality Signal quality Signal quality Signal quality

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Power Control

Power Increase Due to Signal Level

Actual receive level RXLEV_DL/UL

pcLowerThresholdsLevelDL/UL
Power control triggered UL: Power increase of MS DL: Power increase of BTS

RXLEV_DL/UL > pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL - 2 powerIncrStepSize Yes Fixed step size PWR_INCR_STEP = powerIncrStepSize Variable step size PWR_INCR_STEP = pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL RXLEV_UL/DL No

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Level (BTS)

pcUpperThresholdsLevelDL

Actual received level RXLEV_DL

Power control triggered Power decrease RXLEV_DL < pcUpperThresholdLevelDL + 2 powerDecrStepSize OR variableDLStepUse = No

Yes Fixed step size PWR_DECR_STEP = powerDecrStepSize Variable step size

No

PWR_DECR_STEP = Min (RXLEV_DL pcUpperThresholdLevelDL, 10)

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Level (MS)

pcUpperThresholdsLevelUL

Actual received level RXLEV_UL

Power control triggered Power decrease RXLEV_UL < pcUpperThresholdLevelUL + 2 powerDecrStepSize

Yes Fixed step size PWR_DECR_STEP = powerDecrStepSize Variable step size

No

PWR_DECR_STEP = RXLEV_UL pcUpperThresholdLevelUL

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Power Control

Power Increase Due to Signal Quality

Actual receive quality RXQUAL_DL/UL

pcLowerThresholdsQualDL/UL
Power control triggered UL: Power increase of MS DL: Power increase of BTS

Variable step size based on actual quality PWR_INCR_STEP = (1 + Max (0,QUAL)) * powerIncrStepSize QUAL = RXQUAL_DL/UL pcLowerThresholdQualDL/UL Take largest step size Step size based on actual level Take algorithm for power increase due to signal level
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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Quality (No Power Optimisation)

pcUpperThresholdsQualDL/UL

Actual received quality RXQUAL_DL/UL

Power control triggered

Actual RXLEV_DL/UL pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL < 6 dB

Yes No power decrease Avoid ping pong effect Power decrease

No

Take algorithm for power decrease due to signal level

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Quality (Ping Pong Effect)

Lower Level Upper Level

Upper Quality

Lower Quality

Power decrement due to quality

Power increment due to level

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Power Control Summary

Lower Level Power increase due to level Upper Level Power decrease due to level or quality

Power decrease 6 dB due to quality

Upper Quality

Power increase due to level

No action

Power decrease due to level

Lower Quality Power increase due to level or quality Power increase due to quality Power increase due to quality

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Power Control Parameters Power Optimisation

Activation of power optimisation optimumRxLevDL optimumRxLevUL -109..-47 dBm -109..-47 dBm

Maximum decrement step size in dependence on signal quality pwrDecrLimitBand0 pwrDecrLimitBand1 pwrDecrLimitBand2 0..38 dB 0..38 dB 0..38 dB used for quality 0 used for quality 1 used for quality 2 and worse

Enable power decrement below optimum level for UL powerDecrQualFactor 0,1 enabled, if set to 1

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Quality (With Power Optimisation)

Power Power decrease decrease step step size size for for MS MS PWR_DECR_STEP PWR_DECR_STEP = = Min Min (pwrDecrLimit, (pwrDecrLimit, Max Max (A,B)) (A,B)) A A= = Max Max (0, (0, RXLEV_UL RXLEV_UL - optimumRxLevUL) optimumRxLevUL) B B= = (powerDecrQualFactor (powerDecrQualFactor + + Max Max (0,QUAL)) (0,QUAL)) * * powerDecrStepSize powerDecrStepSize with with QUAL QUAL = = pcUpperThreshold pcUpperThreshold - <RXQUAL_UL> <RXQUAL_UL> Term Term A: A: Would Would bring bring actual actual receive receive level level exactly exactly to to optimum optimum level level Term Term B: B: Considers Considers difference difference between between average average receive receive quality quality and and threshold threshold quality quality Power Power decrease decrease step step size size for for BTS BTS PWR_DECR_STEP PWR_DECR_STEP = = Min Min [Min [Min (pwrDecrLimit, (pwrDecrLimit, Max Max (A,B)),10] (A,B)),10]

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Power Control

TCH Allocation (With Power Optimisation)

Modified maximum acceptable interference level

Call set up or intra cell handover

MAX_INTF_LEV = max (min (RXLEV_UL + msTxPrwMax - MS_TXPWR, optimumRxLevUL), RXLEV_UL + msTxPrwMin - MS_TXPWR) - cnThreshold

Inter cell handover

MAX_INTF_LEV = max (min (AV_RXLEV_NCELL (n) - rxLevBalance, optimumRxLevUL (n)), AV_RXLEV_NCELL (n) - rxLevBalance + msTxPrwMin (n) - msTxPrwMax (n)) - cnThreshold (n)

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