1. Potrebno je odrediti najvee optereenje q koje moe preuzeti greda sa skice.

Materijal: Piljeno drvo etinari II klase.

Popreni presjek grede:

f1dop = c / 300
f 2 dop = l / 200

c 2 (4l + 3c) l 3
f1 = q c
24 EI
2
ql
f2 =
(5l 2 12c 2 )
384 EI

q 6.0 3.0 18.0 q

=
= 4 .0 q
4 .5
4 .5
q 6 .0 1 .5 9 .0 q
RB =
=
= 2 .0 q
4 .5
4 .5

RA =

= 6 .0 q

Mk =

q 1.52
= 1.125q
2

T =0
RB q x = 0
x=

RB 2.0q
=
= 2.0m
q
q

M max = 2.0 q 2.0

q 2.02
= 4.0q 2.0q = 2.0q
2

Normalna naprezanja
W =

md

14 20 2
= 933cm3
6
= 1000 N / cm 2

m =

M max
W

M max = m W

M max = 1000 933 = 933000 Ncm = 9.33kNm

M max = 2.0q = 9.33
qmax = 4.66kN / m

Posmina naprezanja
14 203
Ix =
= 9333cm4
12
102
S x = 14
= 700cm3
2

mdop = 90 N / cm2
T Sx
=
Ix b

Tmax =

dop I x b
Sx

90 9333 14
700

Tmax = 16800 N = 16.8kN

Tmax = 2.5q = 16.8

q = 6.72 kN / m '

Progibi
-konzola
f dop =

150
= 0.5cm
300

c 2 (4l + 3c) l 3
0.5 = q c
24 EI x
0.5 24 1000 9333
= 0.0184kN / cm
150 (4 450 + 3 150) 150 450 3
q = 1.84kN / m
q=

-polje
f dop = l / 200 =

2.25 =
q=

450
= 2.25cm
200

ql 2
(5l 2 12c 2 )
384 EI x

2.25 384 E I x
2.25 384 1000 9333
=
2
2
2
l (5l 12c ) 450 2 (5 450 2 12 150 2 )

q = 0.054kN / cm = 5.4kN / m

Najvee doputeno optereenje (progib konzole) q = 1,84 kN/m'.

6. Smodena greda

Materijal: etinari II klase

cd = 850 N / cm 2
md = 1000 N / cm 2
= 90 N / cm 2
md

Spajala: patentni modanici Geka 95 / 30cm

7.0 7.52
M =
= 49.22kNm
8
7 .0 7 .5
Tmax = RA = RB =
= 26.25kN
2

Geka 95

N dop = 21.00kN

(kod ovakvih nosaa u raun se uvodi Ndop za jedan modanik)

e = e = 30cm

A1 = A2 = 16 26 = 416cm 2
A1n = (16 2.3) 26 A
A = 5.6cm 2
A1n = 356.2 5.6 = 350.6cm 2

Vijci M22

16 263
= 23435cm 4
12
1
I1n = (16 2.3) 263 5.6 12.52
12
I1n = 20066 875 = 19191cm 4
I1 =

k=

2 E A1 A2 e
l 2 c ( A1 + A2 )

2 1000 416 416 30

750 2 225 (2 416)

k = 0.487
1
1
=
=
= 0.673
1 + k 1 + 0.487

A1 a12 = 416 132 = 70304cm 4

I f = I i + Ai ai2

I f = 2 23435 + 2 0.673 70304 = 141499cm 4

S1 = 416 13 = 5408cm3
M
A h I
m1 = ( a1 1 1 1 )
If
A1n 2 I1n

4922000
416 26 23435
(0.673 13
+

)
141499
350.6 2 19191
2
2
max m1 = 914 N / cm < 1000 N / cm
max

m1 =

m =

Tmax
St
b2 I f

h2 b
St = t 2
2

(HRN U. C9. 200 10.4.3.)

h2
+ a2
2
ht = 13 + 0.673 13 = 21.75cm
ht =

21.752 16
St =
2
St = 3784cm3

Smicanje u n. o.:

m =

26250
3784 = 44 N / cm 2 < 90 N / cm 2
16 141499

Spajala:
tf =

Tmax S1 26250 0.673 5408

=
If
141499

t f = 675 N / cm
e potr =

21000
= 31.1cm > e = 30cm
675

Progib:
5 ql 4
5
70 750 4
f =

384 EI 384 1000000 141499

750
f = 2.1cm <
= 2.5cm
300

m =

A h I
M
( a1 1 1 1 )
A1n 2 I1n
If

m1 = 914 N / cm 2
416 26 23435
4922000
m2 =

)
(0.673 13
350.6 2 19191
141499
m 2 = 34.8 (10.4 15.9)
max

m 2 = 192 N / cm 2

5. Smodena greda

-etinari II klase

cd = 850 N / cm 2
md = 1000 N / cm 2
= 90 N / cm 2
md

-modanici: hrastovina I klasa

d = 120 N / cm2
cd = 1200 N / cm2
7.0 7.52
M =
= 49.22kNm
8
7 .0 7 .5
Tmax = RA = RB =
= 26.25kN
2

T S
I b
20 483
= 184320cm 4
I=
12

m =

Presjek: x-x:
242
S x x = 20
= 5760cm3
2

x x m

26250 5760
= 41N / cm 2 < 90 N / cm 2
184320 20

Presjek n-n:
162
= 2560cm3
S n n = 20
2
26250 2560

= 19 N / cm 2
n n m =
184320 20
cd = 750 N/cm2
c = 2.5 cm
c
2 .5
=
c =
750 = 98 usvojemo

100cm

m
19

=
s=

2.5
c
=
cd
750 = 15.6 usvojeno
20cm
d
120

2.5
c
=
cd
750 = 20.8cm < 100 20 = 80cm

md
90

20
=8>5
2.5

-Vijci:
Max. sila na elu modanika
Fmax = bn n m = 100 20 19 = 38000 N
Nosivost:
= 2.5 20 750 = 37500 N
c b cd
-na elo:
-posmik modanika:
b d = 20 20 120 = 48000 N
= 80 20 90 = 144000 N
s b md
-posmik greda:

Max. vlana sila u vijku:

2c
2 2.5
V=
Fmax =
38000
20

V = 9500 N

9500
= 0.95cm2
10000
odabrano
M16 An = 1.41cm 2
7.50
l = 7.50
= 1.50
5
An potr =

Presjek A: 1.5m od leaja:

TA = 2.25

26.25
3.75

TA = 15.75

3 1750

= 24.6 N / cm 2
2 20 48
2 .5
1 =
750 = 76.2cm usvojeno
75cm
24.6
= 15cm
s1 = 75 15 = 60cm

=
mA

Fmax = 75 20 24.6 = 36900 N

VA =

2 2.5
36900 = 12300 = V
15

-Dokaz napona i progiba priblian raun

-slabljenje od vijaka:
20 1.7
482 = 7027cm3
6
20 1.7
IX =
483 = 168652cm 4
6

WX =

-slabljenje od modanika :
20
I=
(483 213 + 113 ) = 171103cm 4
12
ili
20 13.53
20 113
+ 2
+ 2 20 13.5 17.252
12
12
I = 2218 + 8201 + 160684
I=

I = 171103cm 4
W=

171103
= 7130cm3
24

Mjerodavno slabljenje vijcima:

W = 7027cm3
I = 168652cm 4

m =

1 M
1 4922000

WX 0.6 7027

m = 1167 N / cm 2 > 1000 N / cm 2

5 ql 4
5
70 750 4

384 EI 384 1000000 168652 0.6

750
f = 2.9cm <
= 3.75cm
200
f =

Dokaz napona i progiba toniji proraun:

A1 = 20 16 = 320cm2
A1n = (20 1.7) 16 = 293cm2
20 163
= 6827cm 4
12
(20 1.7) 163
= 6246cm 4
I1n =
12
I1 =

Nosivost modanika
N dop > 30kN
c = 300000

k=

2 E A1 e
l2 c

2 1000000 320 100

750 2 300000

k = 1.87
1
1
=
=
= 0.35
1 + k 1 + 1.87

I f = 2 I i + Ai a12
20 16 3
+ 0.35 2 320 16 2 = 20480 + 57344
12
I f = 77824cm 4
I f = 3

HRN U.C9 -10.4.3.

mh =

M hh I h
4922000 16 6827
)=

I f 2 I hn
77824 2 6246

mh = 553N / cm2 < 1000 N / cm2

m1 =

M
A h I
( a1 1 1 1 )
If
A1n 2 I1n

4922000
320 16 6827

(0.35 16
)
77824
293 2 6246
m = 63.25 (6.12 8.74) =

m1 =

940 N / cm 2
< md = 1000 N / cm 2

2
166 N / cm

Teini napon:

c1
320
A
4922000
M
= a1 1 =
0.35 16
t1
293
A1n
77824
If
c1
= 387 N / cm2 < 850 N / cm2
t1

Posmina sila n-n / cm :

tf =

T
26250
S1 =
0.35 20 16 16
If
77824

S1 = A1 a1 = 20 16 16 = 5120cm3
t f = 605 N / cm
= 2.5 20 850 = 42500 N
N1 = c b cd

2 N1 = b dop = 20 20 120 = 48000 N

= 80 20 90 = 144000 N
N1 = s b mdop

N mjerodavno =1 N1 = 42500 N
e =

N mj.
tf

42500
= 70cm < = 100cm
605

Potrebno je smanjiti razmak

Usvojene nove dimenzije:
c = 2.5cm
= 15cm
s = 55 15 = 40cm
= 55cm
15

=6>5
2.5
2 1000000 320 55
k=
= 1.03
750 2 300000
k = 1.03
1
1
=
=
= 0.493
1 + k 1 + 1.03
c

20 163
+ 0.45 2 320 162 = 20480 + 80770 = 101250cm 4
12
4922000 16 6827
mh =

101250 2 6246
mh = 425 N / cm2 < 1000 N / cm 2
4922000
320 16 6827

m1 =
(0.493 16
)
101250
293 2 6246
m1 = 48.6 (8.62 8.74) =
I f = 3

844 N / cm 2
2

< md = 1000 N / cm
2
6 N / cm

 c1
4922000
320
=
0.493 16
= 419 N / cm 2 < 850 N / cm 2
t1
101250
293
tf =

26250
0.493 20 16 16 = 661N / cm
101250

N1 = 42500 N

N1 = 15 20 120 = 36000 N
N mj .

N1 = 40 20 90 = 72000 N

e =

36000
= 54.5 = 55cm
661

Kontrola u n. o.
T =

max m

Tmax
( S1 + S1)
bIf

26250
(0.493 20 16 16 + 20 8 4)
20 101250
2
2

maxTm = 41N / cm < 90 N / cm

T =

max m

Progib:
f =

5 ql 4
5
70 7504

384 EI f 384 1000000 101250

f = 2.9cm <

750
= 3.75cm
200

4. Smodena greda

-etinari II klase

cd = 850 N / cm 2
md = 1000 N / cm 2
= 90 N / cm 2
md

-modanici: hrastovina I klasa

d = 120 N / cm2
cd = 1200 N / cm2
M =
Tmax

7.0 7.52
= 49.22kNm
8
7 .0 7 .5
= RA = RB =
= 26.25kN
2

c 0.1h 2.6 usvojeno

2.5cm
3 T
3 26250
m = max =
2 b h 2 20 52
m = 38 N / cm2

c
2.5
=
cd
750 = 49.3 usvojeno
46cm
m
38

- HRN U.C9.200 13.2.10.)

( cd

2.5
c
=
cd
750 = 15.6 usvojeno
16cm

d
120

2.5
c
=
cd
750 = 20.8
1d
90
s usvojeno (46-16) 30cm > 20.8cm
16
=
= 6.4 > 5
c 2.5
s=

-Vijci:
Max. sila na elu modanika
Fmax = b m = 46 20 38 = 34960 N
Nosivost:
= 2.5 20 750 = 37500 N
-na elo:
c b cd
-posmik modanika:
b d = 16 20 120 = 38400 N

= 30 20 90 = 54000 N
s b md

-posmik greda:
Max. vlana sila u vijku:
2c
2 2.5
Fmax =
34960
V=

16
V = 10925 N

10925
= 1.1cm2
10000
odabrano
M16 An = 1.41cm 2
7.50
l = 7.50
= 1.50
5
An potr =

Presjek A: 1.5m od leaja:

TA = 2.25
TA = 15.75

26.25
3.75

3 1750
= 23 N / cm 2
2 20 52
2 .5
1 =
750 = 82cm usvojeno
76cm
23
= 16cm
s1 = 76 16 = 60cm

=
mA

Fmax = 76 20 23 = 34960 N
VA =

2 2.5
34960 = 10925 = V
16

odabrano: M16
-Dokaz napona i progiba priblian raun
-slabljenje od vijaka:
20 1.7
(2 26) 2 = 8247cm3
6
20 1.7
IX =
(2 26)3 = 214427cm 4
6

WX =

-slabljenje od modanika zanemarivo

m =

1 M
1 4922000
1

=
597
WX 0.8 8247
0.8

m = 746 N / cm2 < 1000 N / cm2

5 ql 4
5
70 7504

384 EI 384 1000000 214427 0.8

750
f = 1.7cm <
= 2.5cm
300
f =

Dokaz napona i progiba toniji proraun:

A1 = A2 = 20 26 = 520cm2
A1n = A1 1.7 26 = 520 44.2 = 475cm2

20 263
I1 =
= 29290cm 4
12
(20 1.7) 263
I1n =
= 26800cm 4
12
S1 = 520 13 = 6760cm3

Nosivost modanika:
na elo: 37500N
smicanje: 38400N
e = = 46cm
N dop > 30kN
c = 300000
k=

2 E A1 A2 e
l 2 c ( A1 + A2 )

2 1000000 520 520 46

750 2 300000 (2 520)

k = 0 .7
1
1
=
=
= 0.59
1 + k 1 + 0. 7

I f = 2 ( I 1 + A1 a12 )
I f = 2 (29290 + 0.59 520 13 2 ) = 162280cm 4

m =

M
A h I
( a1 1 1 1 )
If
A1n 2 I1n

4922000
520 13 29290

(0.59 13
)
162280
475 2 26800
m = 30.33 (8.40 7.1) =

m =

470 N / cm 2
< md = 1000 N / cm 2

2
40 N / cm

f =

5 ql 4
5
70 7504

384 EI f 384 1000000 162280

f = 1.8cm <

750
= 2.5cm
300