Program of M.A., M.Sc., M.Com., (Previous & Final) Main Exam 2013 & Special Permission Improvement Exams - 2012
Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 21-03-2013 Thursday M.A. (P&F) Urdu I NAT, Marsiaaur QASIDA (1255) M.A. (P) Economics I Micro Economic Analysis (1701)
22-03-2013 Friday M.A. (P&F) Urdu II Afsanavi Adab (1256) M.A. (P) Philosophy I Indian and Western Ethics (1227) M.A. (P) Geography I Geomorphology (1094) M.A. (P) Psychology I Research Methodology & Physiological Statistics (1078) M.A. (P) Home Science I Advanced Food & Nutrition (3001) M.A. (P) Music I (Sitar, Tabla & Vocal) (1146) M.A. (P) Drawing & Painting I A Critical Study of Style & Technique of Different Schools of Indian Painting up till 1947 (1137) M.A. (P) Persian I History Persian Literature (Earliest Time for Modern Period (4001) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Statistics I Statistical Mathematics (1335) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Mathematics I Advance Algebra (1173) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Defense Studies (Military Studies) I Theory and Practice of War (1155) M.Sc. (P) Physics I Mathematical Physics & Classical Mechanics (1310) M.Sc. (P) Chemistry I (New Course) Inorganic (1276) M.Sc. (P) Zoology I Non Chordata (1293)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 23-03-2013 Saturday M.Sc. (P) Botany I Psychology & Microbiology (1321)
30-03-2013 Saturday M.A. (P&F) Urdu III Nazm and Masnavi (1257) M.A. (P) Hindi I +ti-i. l--i ( ~- n lii( (1187) M.A. (P) Sanskrit I < l-+ ~i l<+ =ilt- +i :lti= (+c+-) M.A. (P) Political Science I History of Political Thought from Plato to Marx (1034)
01-04-2013 Monday M.A. (P&F) Urdu IV Ghazal (1258) M.A. (F) Philosophy I Epistemology (Indian & Western) (1234) M.A. (F) Geography I Geographic Thoughts & Research Methodology (1103) M.A. (F) Psychology VI (New Course) Psychological Assessment & Measurement (1083) M.A. (F) Home Science I Textile Manufacture Catering & Processing (3009) M.A. (F) Music I Vocal, Tabla, Sitar (1150) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Defense Studies (Military Studies) I Insurgency and Counter Insurgency (1163) M.A. (F) Drawing & Painting I History of Western Painting (1141) M.A. (F) Persian V History of Indo Persian Literature (4005) M.Sc. (F) Physics I Advanced Quantum Mechanism (1315) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry I (Old Course) a) Inorganic - General and Analytical (1280) b) Organic Theoretical (1284) c) Physical Quantum Chemistry, Statistical Mechanics and Spectrum (1288) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry I (New Course) (2033) Spectroscopy, Photochemistry and Solid State Chemistry M.Sc. (F) Zoology I Chordata (1298) M.Sc. (F) Botany VI (1328) Taxonomy, Economic Botany & Morphology, Engosp
M.A. (F) Economics V (New Course) Macro Economic Analysis (1705)
M.A. (F) Sanskrit V l--i ( i+i (1018)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 02-04-2013 Tuesday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Statistics IV Multivariate Analysis and Sample Survey (1338) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics I Partial Differential Equations & Their Numerical Solutions (1178) M.Sc. (F) Environmental Science - I M.A. (P) Political Science II Comparative Politics and Institutions(1035) M.A. (P) Hindi II i-i- ( =+ini- +i W1188) M.A. (P) Sanskrit II -ii-i- ( ~i-i- +i (1015)
03-04-2013 Wednesday M.A. (F) Hindi I ~iil-+ lt-<i +i (1200) M.A. (P) Economics II Economics of Growth & Development (1702)
04-04-2013 Thursday M.A. (P&F) Urdu V Tanquidi Adab and Nasri Adab (1259) M.A. (P) Philosophy II Metaphysics (Indian & Western) (1228) M.A. (P) Geography II Geography of Resources (1095) M.A. (P) Psychology II Cognitive Processes (Experimental Psychology (1079) M.A. (P) Home Science II Dietetics (3002) M.A. (P) Music (Vocal, Sitar, Tabla) II M.A. (P) Drawing & Painting II Philosophy and Aesthetics of Indian Painting (1138) M.A. (P) Persian II Classified Persian Prose (4002) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Statistics II Probability and Distributions (1336) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Defense Studies (Military Studies) II Military Psychology (1156) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Mathematics II Analysis (Real and Complex) (1174) M.Sc. (P) Physics II Spectroscopy and Quantum Mechanics (1311) M.Sc. (P) Chemistry II (New Course) Organic (1277) M.Sc. (P) Zoology II Cytogenetic and Biostatistics (1294) M.Sc. (P) Botany II Mycology and Plant Pathology (1322) M.A. (P) Political Science III Government and Politics of India (1036) M.A. (P) Hindi III lt-<i. =lt-. -iiii ~i < -ini lnl +i :lti= (1189) M.A. (P) Sanskrit III -iiii lai- ( i+i (1016) M.A. (F) History V National Movement in India c. A.D. 1857-1947 (1126) M.A. (F) Sanskrit VI n -- ii iiilti= l- (1019) 05-04-2013 Friday M.A. (F) Hindi II -i+. (+i+i ( --i= (1201)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 06-04-2013 Saturday M.A. (P&F) Urdu VI Urdu Zaban Aur Adab Ki Tarikh (1260) M.A. (F) Geography II Regional Geography of India (1104) M.A. (F) Psychology VII (New Course) Life Span Developmental Psychology (1084) M.A. (F) Home Science II Advanced Clothing Construction (3010) M.A. (F) Philosophy II Contemporary Western Philosophy (1235) M.A. (F) Music II Vocal, Sitar, Tabla (1151) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Defense Studies (Military Studies) II (1164) National Security (With the Special Reference to India) M.A. (F) Drawing & Painting II Modern Movement in Western Painting (1142) M.A. (F) Persian VI Indo Persian Poetry (4006) M.Sc. (F) Physics II Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics (1316) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry II (Old Course) a) Inorganic Non-Metals (1281) b) Organic Acyclic and Cyclic (1285) c) Physical Reaction Kinetics, Colloids & Surface Chemistry(1289) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry II (New Course) Bioinorganic, Bioorganic, Biophysical Chemistry & Environmental Chemistry M.Sc. (F) Zoology II Development Biology and Animal Behavior (1299) M.Sc. (F) Botany VII Plant Anatomy, Plant Embryology & Morphogenesis (1329) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Statistics V Statistical Inference (1339)
M.A. (F) Sanskrit VII g (New Course) -i+ ii -i ziiz (1022) M.A. (F) History VI Worlds History 1870-1950 (1127)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 08-04-2013 Monday M.A./M.Sc. (F) (Mathematics) II Operational Research (1179) M.Sc. (F) Environmental Science II M.A. (P) Economics III Quantitative Methods (1703) M.A. (F) Economics VI (New Course) Public Economics (1706)
09-04-2013 Tuesday M.A. (F) Hindi III lli l+- l---lnli = = +i: (+ (7201-7213) +) l+=i =lt-+i +i lzii ~- +. +i (/.c+) .. i=i (/.c.) .. =<i= (/.c.) -. n=i<i= (/.c-) :. zi+ =i< (/.c:) -. =-< (/.c-) /. tii =i< l,<i (/.c/) i) lt-<i ni+ =ilt- (/.c) n) z+ili (/.c) i) -iiii lai- (/.+c) ) zi l=zi ~i lt-<i =ilt- (/.++) -) <ln l=zi ~i lt-<i =lt- (/.+.) ) i- =n+ lt-<i (/.+.) M.A. (P) Political Science IV International Politics (1037) M.A. (P) Hindi IVs =ilt-ziiz ~i ==ini--i + l=zi- (++c)
10-04-2013 Wednesday M.A. (P) Philosophy III Modern Indian Thought (1229) M.A. (P) Geography III & IV (i) Agricultural Geography (1096) M.A. (P) Psychology III Personality Theories (1080) M.A. (P) Home Science III Research Methods and Statistics (3003) M.A. (P&F) Urdu VII An Special Author of Urdu i) Sir Sayyad Ahmad Khan (1261) ii) Ghalib (1262) iii) Iqbal (1263) iv) Meer (1264) v) Hali (1265) vi) Abu Kalam Azad (1266) vii) M.A. Raza Khan Bareilvi (1267)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 11-04-2013 Thursday
M.A. (P) Persian III Classified Persian Poetry (4003) M.Sc. (P) Physics III Advanced Solid State Physics (1312) M.Sc. (P) Chemistry III (Old Course) Physical (1278) M.Sc. (P) Zoology III Physiology and Related Biochemistry (1295) M.Sc. (P) Botany III Bryophyta, Pteridophytes & Gymnosperms (1324) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Statistics III Matrix Algebra & Design of Experiments (1337) M.A./M.Sc.(P) Defense Studies (Military Studies) IV International Law (1158) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Mathematics III Differential Equations (1175) M.A. (P) History I Historiography Theory & Method (1118) M.A. (F) Economics VII (New Course) Indian Economic Policy(1707)
13-04-2013 Saturday M.A. (F) Hindi IV =iltl-+ l--i -EC EO4>` )=4 (1203) M.A. (P) Hindi V -iii =ilt- (+++) M.A. (P) Economics IV International Trade and Finance (1704) M.A. (P) History II Worlds History (1453-1870) (1119) M.A. (F) Sanskrit VIII g +i ziiz (1023) 15-04-2013 Monday M.A. (F) Urdu VIII Essay (1268) M.A. (F) Philosophy III A) Logic (Indian & Western) (1236) B) Applied Ethics & Society (1237) C) Feminism & Gender Study (1238) D) Philosophy of Value Education (1239) M.A. (F) Geography III & IV (a) Regional Planning & Development (1105) M.A. (F) Psychology VIII (New Course) (a) Psychopathology (b) Health Psychology (c) Psychology Physiological M.A. (F) Home Science III Consumer Economics (3011) M.A. (F) Persian VII Modern Persian Prose poetry (4007)
M.A. (F) History VII a) History of Ancient India & South East Asia (C.A.D. 650-1200) (1128) b) History of Medieval India (C.A,D, 1658-1761) (1130) c) History of Modern India (CAD 1920-1964) (1132)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 16-04-2013 Tuesday M.Sc. (F) Physics III Advanced Electronics (1317) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry III (Old Course) a) Inorganic Metals (1282) b) Organic Recent and Applied Chemistry (1286) C) Physical Thermodynamics Phase rule & Electro Chemistry (1290) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry III (New Course) a) Inorganic Organotransition Metal Chemistry + Bioorganic and Supramolecular Chemistry (2035) b) Organic Synthesis I + Synthesis II(2037) C) Physical Chemistry of Materials + Advance Quantum Chemistry (2039) M.Sc. (F) Zoology III a) Fish and Fisheries (1300) b) Entomology (1302) c) Cytology & Cytogenetic (1304) d) Animal Physiology (1306) M.Sc. (F) Botany VIII Ecology and Soil Science (1330) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Statistics VI Linear Programming and Operational Research (1340) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Defense Studies (Military Studies) III Disarmament, Arms Control and Peace (1165) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics III Topology (1180) M.Sc. (F) Environmental Science - III M.A. (P) Sanskrit IV -iii <zi- (1017)
17-04-2013 Wednesday M.A. (P) Philosophy IV A) Social & Political Philosophy (1230 B) Peace Study & Human Rights (1231) C) Philosophy of Science & Environment (1232) D) Philosophical Approach to Gandhi (1233) M.A. (P) Geography III & IV (ii) Industrial Geography (1097) M.A. (P) Psychology IV Social & Cultural Psychology (1081) M.A. (P) Home Science IV Resource Management (3004)
M.A. (F) Sanskrit IX g (New Course) =ilt- l=zi- (+c.-)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 18-04-2013 Thursday M.A. (P) Persian IV Essay, Prosody Grammar and Translation (4004) M.Sc. (P) Physics IV Electronics & Electrodynamics (1313) M.A. (P) History III (a,b,c) a) History of Ancient India & Greco Roman Contacts (C.B.C.600-78 A.D.) (1120) b) History of Medival India & Central Asia (c.A.D. 1200-1526) (1122) c) History of Modern India (c.A.D. 1757-1857) (1124) M.A. (F) History VIII a) Society Economy & Culture of Ancient India (UPTOc 1200 A.D.) (1129) b) Society Economy & Culture of Medieval India (c.A.D. 1200-1750) (1131) c) Society Economy & Culture of Modern India c.A.D. 1750-1950 (1133) 22-04-2013 Monday M.Sc. (P) Chemistry IV (New Course) a) Group Theory, Spectroscopy& Differaction Methods (1279) b) Mathematics for Chemists (1280) OR Biology for Chemists (1281) M.Sc. (P) Zoology IV Ecology, Taxonomy and Evolution (1296) M.Sc. (P) Botany IV Plant Physiology and Crop. Physiology (1325) M.A./M.Sc. (P&F) Statistics VII Economic Statistics (1341) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Defense Studies (Military Studies) V International Relation (From 1914 to Present day) (1159) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Mathematics IV Advanced Fluid Dynamics (1176)
M.A. (P) Sociology I Classical Sociological Tradition (1058) 25-04-2013 Thursday
M.A. (P) Geography III & IVs (iii) Population Geography (1098) M.A. (F) Geography III & IV (b) Urban Geography (1106) M.A. (F) Persian VIII Special Study of Iqbal (4008) M.A. (P/F) Economics (New Course) Paper IX Industrial Economics (1709) Paper X Labor Economics (1710) Paper XI Economics of Social Sector and Environment (1711) Paper XII Demography (1712) Paper XIII Mathematical Economics (1713) Paper XIV Econometrics (1714) Paper XV Agricultural Economics (1715) Paper XVI Financial Institutions and Markets (1716) Paper XVII Economics of Infrastructure (1717) Paper XVIII History of Economics Thought (1718) Paper XIX Advanced Statistics (1719) M.A. (P) Sociology II Methodology Of Social Research (1059)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 26-04-2013 Friday
M.A. (F) Philosophy IV Essay (1240) M.A. (F) Home Science IV Advanced Child Development (3012) M.A. (F) Geography III & IV (c) Geography of Rural Development (1107) M.A. (F) Psychology IX (New Course) (a) Clinical and Community Intervention (b) Stress, Coping and Health Management (c) Comparative Psychology M.Sc. (F) Physics IV Operational Amplifier Microprocessor and Digital Electronics (1318)
M.A. (P) Sociology III & IV a) Gender & Society (1060) 27-04-2013 Saturday
M.Sc. (F) Zoology IV a) Fish and Fisheries (1301) b) Entomology (1303) c) Cytology & Cytogenetic (1305) d) Bio-Chemistry (1307) M.Sc. (F) Botany IX Biochemistry and Photobiology (1331) M.Sc. (F) Chemistry IV (New Course) a) Inorganic Photo inorganic Chemistry + Analytical Chemistry (2036) b) Organic Heterocyclic Chemistry + Chemistry of Natural Products (2038) C) Physical Liquid State + Polymers (2040) M.A./M.Sc. (P&F) Statistics VIII Engineering Statistics (1342) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV & V (i) Functional Analysis (1181) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Defense Studies (Military Studies) V Geo Strategy and Geo Politics (1167) M.Sc. (F) Environmental Science IV (A,B,C) M.A. (P) Geography III & IVs (iv) Geography of Tourism & Landscape Management (1099) M.A. (F) Political Science I Foreign Policies of USA, UK, China & India (1038) M.A. (P) Sociology III & IV b) Environment & Society (7002)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 29-04-2013 Monday
M.A. (F) Geography III & IV (d) Climatology & Oceanography (1110) M.A. (P) Geography III & IVs (v) Environmental Geography (1100) M.Sc. (P) Botany V Cytology and Molecular Biology (1326) M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV & V (ii) Mathematical Statistics (1182) M.A./M.Sc. (P) Mathematics V Advanced Discrete Mathematics (1177)
M.A. (P) Sociology III & IV c) Rural Society in India (1061) 30-04-2013 Tuesday M.A. (F) Geography III & IV (e) Man & Environment (1111) M.A. (F) Psychology III & IV (e) Psychology of Personality (1089) M.Sc. (F) Botany X Genetics, Plant Breeding & Biostatistics(1332)
M.A. (P) Sociology III & IV d) Society of Marginalized Communities (7001) 01-05-2013 Wednesday
M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV & V (iii) Programming in C : (With ANSI Features) Theory and Practical (Only for Regular Students) (1183) M.A. (F) Sociology I (New Course) Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology(1065)
02-05-2013 Thursday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (iv) Difference Equations (1184) M.Com. (F) I Corporate Financial Accounting (6007) M.A. (F) Political Science II,III,IV (I) a) Contemporary Political Theory (1039) b) International Law (1045) c) Indian Administration (1050)
03-05-2013 Friday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (v) Integral Equations and Boundary Value Problems (1185)
04-05-2013 Saturday M.A. (F) English I Nineteenth Century English Poetry (1005) M.Com. (P) I Management Concept and Organizational Behavior (6001)
05-05-2013 Sunday M.A. (F) (Philosophy, Sanskrit, Urdu, Hindi, Persian & Economics) Viva-Voce Examination at 10-00 am in Concern College. 08-05-2013 Wednesday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (vi) Solar Magneto Hydrodynamics (1186) M.Sc. (P) Environmental Science - I M.A. (F) English II Twentieth Century English Literature (1006) M.Com. (P) II Indian Economic Environment OR E-Commerce (6002)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 09-05-2013 Thursday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (vii) Information Theory (1187) M.Com. (F) II Financial Management (6008) M.A. (F) Political Science II,III,IV (II) a) Political Thinkers of Ancient India(1040) b) International Organization (1046) c) State and Local Administration (1051) M.A. (F) Sociology II (New Course) Perspective on Indian Society (1066)
10-05-2013 Friday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (viii) Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications (1188) M.A. (F) English III Literary Criticism (1007) M.Com. (P) III Human Resource Management (6003)
11-05-2013 Saturday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (ix) Differential Geometry of Manifolds (1189) b) Commonwealth Literature (1011) M.Com. (F) III Income Tax Law, Accounts and Tax Planning (6009)
13-05-2013 Monday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (x) Wavelets Preliminaries (1190) M.A. (F) English IV a) History of English Literature (1008) b) American Literature (1009) M.Com. (F) Elective Group I,II,III,IVs I a) Accounting Theory and Contemporary Concepts (6011) b) Advertising and Sales Management (6014) c) International Business Environment (6017) d) Human Resource Planning and Development (6020) M.A. (F) Political Science II,III,IV (III) a) Political Thinkers of Modern India (1041) b) West Asian World Politics (1047) c) West Asia in World Politics (1052) M.A. (F) Sociology III (New Course) a) Urban Society in India (1067) b) Sociology of Aging (1068) c) Industry and Society in India (1089) d) The Study of Indian Diaspora (1090)
14-05-2013 Tuesday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (xi) Biomechanics (1191) M.Sc. (P) Environmental Science - II M.A. (F) English V a) Indian English Literature (1010) M.Com. (P) IV Statistical Analysis (6004) (Calculator Allowed)
M.A. (P) Sociology III & IV e) Globalization and Society (1062) M.A. (P) English I Prose (1001) 15-05-2013 Wednesday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (xii) Plasma Dynamics (1192) M.Com. (P) V Accounting For Managerial Decisions (6005) M.A. (F) Political Science II,III,IV(IV) a) History of Socialist Thought (1042) b) South East Asia in World Politics (1048) c) South East Asia in World Politics (1053)
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Day & Date Time 7.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. 3.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. 16-05-2013 Thursday
M.A. (F) Political Science II,III,IV (V) a) Political Sociology (1043) b) Indias Neighbourers in World Politics (1049) c) Indias Neighbourers in World Politics (1054) M.A. (P) English II Poetry From Chaucer to 1798 (1002) 17-05-2013 Friday M.A./M.Sc. (F) Mathematics IV&V (xiii) General Relativity & Cosmology (1193) M.Sc. (P) Environmental Science - III M.Com. (F) Elective Group I,II,III,IVs II a) Financial Institution & Markets (6012) b) Consumer Behavior (6015) c) International Marketing (6018) d) Legal Framework Governing Human Relations ( 6021)
18-05-2013 Saturday M.Com. (P) VI Marketing Management (6006) M.Com. (F) Elective Group I,II,III,IVs III a) Security Analysis & Portfolio Management (6013) b) Marketing Research (6016) c) Foreign Trade Policy, Procedure & Documentation (6019) d) Cross Cultural and Global Human Resource Management (6022) M.A. (F) Sociology IV (New Course) a) Political Sociology M.A. (P) English III English Drama (1003) 20-05-2013 Monday M.Sc. (P) Environmental Science - IV M.A. (P) History IV a) History of Ancient India (c.A.D. 78-650) (1121) b) History of Medieval India (c.A.D. 1526-1657) (1123) c) History of Modern India (c.A,D. 1857-1919) (1125)
21-05-2013 Tuesday M.A. (P) English IV Fiction (1004) 26-05-2013 Sunday M.A. (F) (Political Science, Sociology, English, History) & M.Com. Viva-Voce Examination at 10-00 am in Concern College.
vko';d funsZ'k +. i-iiii i-ii +i+= =iii-i = c ( lzlin ,ii = l< i-ii +i += +i ti =i-i < .. i-ii +i+= + -+ z- zi + += + =--i = +i : ~izi=- -ti l<i i =+i t .. i+~i- +- i-ii =-il< -ti tini ii ~- li <zii + i-ii+n ii li + l<i i ni -. ini-=+=ili+ i-ii +-< ii - l- +i ~- =l -ti t :. i-ii +i+= = l< +i: =zii i- l+=i +ii = l+i ii t i -=+i ~li+ lal- + n=l- + ti-i = ti =i- ti ni + n=l-