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Culture Documents
R?SS~~{Y
2. 3duuuu04 Gerund
3.
nfidtla4 Gerund k ~ d 5 6 ~ ~
!imnrJsaa~6 q
1. i#ikoh54as'74 ruazn'n
2. lzflu Gerund IU~JLWU~N 7 lri?OGerund~fl&~
1 '
~ ~ ~
Examples
Notes
d'
dd
s
f u ; 1 9 u d u n %tdu
\ .
b. Dancing is fun.
v d d ~ I M U I W ~ ~ U U I U ~ ~ ~ S I U "isyy UO~
thas'u Gerund
*
Gerund
I
4 . d
'
~xam)les
1
a. Studying is 'important.
v d WOd3W9189
dd
Function
Example
Notes
Subject
b. Swimming is go
bb
swimming"
V d d
L ~ Gerund U $ I
~ui~bdud5zijiu
Object
I c.
d.
"the show" ~ ~ U U I U $ ~ M ~ I ~
Object of Preposition
f.
"playing basketball"
v d
d
L ~ U
Gerund $i~uinbdun5~u~al
Noun Complement
I
I
g.
'the party"'
L~UUIU dlW(i7d
I
duhu~iiur8~6tfJuuiu
h.
Exercise 1
Reading the following sentences carefully and identify whether V-ing fo in each sentence is Present Participle or Gerund. Also explain its Gnction.
Examples
Jane has been living in this house for three years. (present participle, part of Continuous tense)
I
1.
2.
John was washing his car while his wife was cooking. She is watching her son playing in the field.
I
3.
4. 5.
6. 7. 8.
He prefers reading to writing. His hobby is collecting stamps. Having won the match, Serena-wasoverwhelmed with joy. His only precious memory is watching his child growing up.
9.
10.
People are warned to stock food and drinking water in time of war.
-5
rn~~~nM4n'i~i5tmM'd7.~ 7 v u i ~ l 6 '~in~Swnnrsun3ui
muiroinrroj2g
i
1
1 I
( "throwing"
I ~ U Gerund L L R : ~
'stones"
"eating" L ~ Gerund U U
R "poorly" ~
L~v~~~'P~L~~w~~!IuIPu
c. I began reading a novel yesterday. "reading" L ~ Gerund U
i i "novel"
L ~ U
L ~ u ~ ~ ~ u ' P ~ L I W ~
uonna~rh~m?fu
2.
sramsnla (Tense)
~nn3u71nu$31doriin7snsro7u tense rweunm~3ndt.ftmiui7L8u
d
Examples
Notes
~Yu~IPSU~LLVY "is"
b. John's
)~ great relief was having "having his thesis" L f t ~ l f i ~uarau[jm
i39bL63 ~9I,%lfl~fll "was"
...
3.
U1GiU33'3n (Voice)
Examples
Notes
"annoying" ofluplnssq7ion
$El8~6flDl
\unisns:oiu3d
1.
w a r
l o nssqnon
2.
64f.I
Examples
a. Tom does not like going out.
Notes
b. Tom does not like leaving his ~ ? ~ u M u ~ E "Tom J < ~does not like +
children at home.
Gil
ccTom"~ ~ u ~ ? i i l l t l i U 7 t&n51olu nJ
Having + Ved wuluk Gerund ~ ~ A ~ ~ U M U ~ U L U ~ R :U ~ S S ~ ? ~ O ~ Being + Ved auwk Gerund ~ J F ~ U M U ~ ~ & ~ ~ ~ ua:: ~ S ~ U T W I
~dn~~a~~~il~n~~n~r?i7i1~mBu~u1aa71~~~~)
4.
MUlU&
Gerund ~ ~ F ~ u H u ~ u L ~ u ~ ~ ~
UR~S:P~UL~ pist U
form ~ d a ~ ~ ~ ~ j ~ n i 5 ~ 5 r ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ d a u n 3 ~ ~
Examples
form b. Mary felt tiredr after having gone shopping all day. c. The teacher disliked being cheated.
fl5:91~L~~fl'l'lUT19fl L P : : Non-past n5eviutCluns5qa7~n un::
Past form
year.
Exercise 2
Reading the following sentences carefully and put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of Gerunds.
Examples
1. If you use the shower, try and avoid (splash) water on the floor.
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2.
130
,. -.
..
3. ' I enjoy (be) aIan6; (&%) 'bdoks, and (listen) to the music.
-
4.
They got into the house by (break) a'kitchen window and (climb)
in.
5.
(Exercise) is perfect for (release) tension. The boy was punished by (send) to bed without (have) any supper. John was scared of (see) (sneak) out of the classroom.
6.
7.
Y d d
amds:muaoq
Y W .
~8ushuiu I~~LSUU~~UHRU~~TULC~S~~~
Gerund bdll the boy's, Tom's
I1nu65u 's
~ W R J R ~ U ~ ~ J 66~rdBul%lIh I%J
bflU6I.4
3.
4.
nsddszmmtw &d
gain
Examples
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Notes
b.
~dqmh6~urn~umu~flu~<iaa~
U
3s!a flu'lu
I
'
f. Watching TV is fun.
IW~SZTPIR"Tom" ~SU"~~IU~JOS~SITEJR
fl7~~7Ylbd~d~U"Bl~'1109 Gerund Ghtr 7q1u'dir8u&q4uu&~n
Wdd
b%~u'l~Id~d unfl4nnuL
Examples
Notes
a. Do you mind their coming late. b. Do you mind them coming late. c. I'm &aid of John's losing the way.
d. I'm afraid of John losing the way
ni~~b%ttd
ni~lyjfl
~ I W I L ~ ~ U
. ,-,
nlrti~~
Exercise 3
Fill in the blanks with suitable form of Subject for Gerund.
Examples
We enjoy (Jane, sing) We enjoy Jane's singing.
1.
Sarah's parents were pleased to hear the good news of (she, get
married).
2.
Tom loves (his wife, cook), so he refuse; to eat at any restaurant. It won't be any use (you, try) to borrow any more money. I remember (he, ask) for this book last Friday. I can't insist on (you, leave) early, but if you are set on (stay) any longer, you risk (lose) the last train home.
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3.
4.
I
1I
I
5.
I,
I
8.
I did not mind (they, come) late for the lecture. I know you will not mind (I, point out) that very small children need (look after) more than older ones.
7.
8.
Please excuse (we, come) a little late without (inform) you before. -hand.
I
I
9.
!
I can't understand (he, be) in love. Do you mind (I, see) your photos again?
1 '
10.
G l u u
OI
a '
. 1.
2.
3.
;
I I
t o , refer to
.-
Examples
Notes
'getting"
lpun
I "being"
slauywun "for"
g. My parents had a difficult time raising their kids. h. It's no use arguing with one another.
Gerund
dun'u
'PIElH46flol
01
n\jaJfl%l 3;
sau5aa~Iflu~11~ wuan
Exercise 4 Complete thk following sentences by putting the given verbs into the Gerund form. Examples I began reading a novel yesterday.
1.
My uncle has given up (smoke) and now prefer (eat) sweets, John is fond of (go) out and (play) tennis. It's no use (ask) him to lend you any money. They insisted on (hold) a party this weekend. Our friend object to (leave) so soon. We are looking forward to (see) you on the Homecoming Day. I considered (think) about (paint) the ceiling ivory.
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1
Exercise 5
Complete the following sentences by putting the given verbs into the Gerund form. Be sure to put its subject where necessary.
Examples
Upon (leave) Thailand, some foreign tourists are pleased to have had a good time, and they are looking forward to (have) such fun again next year.
3.
4.
He has decided to stop (smoke) after (warn) by the doctor. What about (leave) it here and (collect) it later? He denied (be) to the t.
5.
6. 7.
Norman enjoys (eat) and (drink), but he does not want to dance.
The whole family has become accustomed to (eat) different kinds of food.
10. Jenny has always been interested in (learn) and (get) to know different cultures.
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