CHAPTER 3 REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN This is a web-based database application for a university where students and instructors

will be able to use the system to perform their related operations like checking and assigning of grades respectively.

3.1 Analysis and Design The system was designed to be very secure by providing a login feature which authenticates the user by means of a user name and password with which user will be able to login to his/her respective pages and use the system as required. System Users (Actors) Administrator The user that manages the entire system Instructor The user assigns the grades for the students and calculates class performances Student The end user who can check his grades and compares his performance with the class.

Inputs Student Identifier key and user access Each student is assigned a unique identifier such as ID number upon admission to the university. The student must know this. This identifying key maps to all his/her registration record information in the main registration system including the grading system. Such account maybe disabled during his/her stay as a matriculated student and/or after graduation. Action Codes All other actions codes such as course code, department code, add/edit/delete or view will be available online for reference and to assist users. These action codes will be similar to existing transaction codes if appropriate.

DATABASE USER ENTITIES The Database includes the following main user entities: USER User ID (primary key)

Password Role (Admin or Instructor or student)

INSTRUCTOR Instructor ID (primary key) First Name Last Name Phone Number Mailing Address Email Address Job Title Department ID (with references on Department ID) STUDENT Student ID (primary key) First Name Last Name Phone number Mailing address Email address Department ID (with references on Department ID) DATABASE UNIVERSITY ENTITIES The Database includes the following main university related entities: GRADE Grade ID (primary key) Grade character (1.0, 1.25, 1.5 or A+,A-, B+, etc.) Grade Value ( 98-100 has a value of 1.0 or an A+ has a value of 4 , etc.) COURSE Course ID (primary key) Department ID (with references on Department ID) Course number Credits (number of units) PERIOD Period ID (primary key) Semester (First, second, etc.) Year Start Date End Date

UNIVERSITY (can be optional) University ID (primary key) University name Phone number Mailing address Email address COLLEGE or DEPARTMENT College ID College name Phone number Mailing address Email address

Process The following are among the inherent requirements that the online grading system must be able to handle. MySQL Transaction The system must be able to send, receive and trigger transaction to the MySQL registration database system. Data Integrity Commit transactions that are completed and/or rollback unfinished or time-out transactions. Data Validation Data error from the users end and from the back-end-databaseprocessing end must be gracefully handled. There will be data validation and error-handling routines part of the online grading system. Performance Must resolve locking issues and handle concurrent use of the system on a 24/7 basis. Send, Receive and display user messages to assist the overall user experience. Data Repository The Online Grading system will maintain the existing MySQL registration database as the main repository of data. System Actions by ADMINISTRATOR Add/remove user accounts (for students/instructor) Manage the roles for the user Manage course records Manage period records

System Actions by INSTRUCTOR Enter student grade for a course Update student grade for a course Search for student record (based on Student ID or student name) Run reports to calculate class performance Run reports to enquire grades for any student in class System Actions by STUDENT View all the courses taken for that particular period Check grade in the courses Get transcript (entire grade history)

Outputs Transcript summary and confirmation Each online user must have a view of summary of actions done for a particular session or a particular semester/period. The MySQL registration database will be able to display all successfully grade table. Registration Reports, Grade Reports and Summaries The Registrat and University Administrator must be able to extract summarized and rolled-up grades/data from the students account into a meaningful information. All records will be archived but accessible on demand.

3.2 System Design We have different interfaces depending on the type of users (namely: ADMINISTRATOR, INSTRUCTOR, STUDENT). All mandatory checked prechecked. All data that are specific to a user type made available and the database normalization done where appropriate. Login
Course Tour

The following are done manually: - Evaluate student performance

Make QUIZ
Student Scores

Record Grades
Grade Table

Class average
INC Grade Monitor

Instructor
Teaching Load

Admin/Registrar

Add/Delete/Edit student details

Add/Delete/Edit Instructor details

Logout Figure 1 Use Case Diagram for Instructor, Administrator or Registrar

3.2.1 use Case Diagram

Login

Sign-up Registration

Course Tour
Grade table INC Grade Monitor

Instructor Teaching Load Admin/Registrar

Add/Delete/Edit student details

Add/Delete/Edit Instructors details

Logout

Figure 2 Use Case Diagram for Administrator

Login
Sign-up Registration

Course Tour

Make Quiz View Scores Grade Table Instructor

Class Average INC Grade Monitor

Instructor Teaching Load Logout Figure 3 Use Case Diagram for Instructor

Login

Sign-up Registration

Course/Subject Tour

View Grade Table

Student
Take Examination

Logout

Figure 4 Use Case Diagram for Student

3.2.2 Use Case Description Table 1: Use Case for Log-in Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow Login Administrator/Instructor/Student This use case is used by the actors to access the system. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Login button. 2.) The user enters login name and password. 3.) The system verifies and validates the login name and password. 4.) Use case instance terminates. If login name and password is invalid for 3 times, user must provide email address to validate and receive login name and password. User must be registered. User can access the system or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Alternate Flow

Precondition Post-condition Assumption

Table 3: Use case for Sign-up Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow Sign-up Administrator/Instructor/Student This use case is used by the actors to access the system and make an ID name and password. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Signup button. 2.) The user must key in: Instructors ID # or Students ID number or Admin ID # Password First Name Last Name Phone Number Mailing Address Email Address Job Title Department ID 3.) The system verifies and validates the login name and password. If login name and password is invalid or already used, the user has to re-enter a valid user name or password.

Alternate Flow

Precondition Post-condition Assumption

User must have email address. User can access the system or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Table 3: Use case for Course Tour Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow Course tour Administrator/Instructor/Student This use case is used by the actors to access the SUBJECTS taken during the given period/semester. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Course tour button. 2.) The system displays the courses/subjects taken/enrolled/handled with corresponding class schedules.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

User views all subjects/courses taken, enrolled or handled.

Table 4: Use Case Make Quiz Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow Make Quiz Instructor This use case is used by the actors to make questionnaires for online exam. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Make QUIZ button. 2.) The user enters quiz title and time limit. 3.) The system will provide empty boxes for questions and choices. 4.) The user can edit or delete entered questions/choices and provide correct answers. 5.) The system will send this quizzes after all items entered and notify the students to take examination. User must be registered and handling the subjects. User is on the website.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

Table 5: Use Case for View Scores Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow View Scores Instructor/Student This use case is used by the actors to monitor scores and grade status. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the View scores button. 2.) The system verifies and validates the login name and password. 4.) (For the Instructors) The system display the scores in ranking orders (highest to lowest). 5. (For Students) The system will display only his/her scores in all exams/quizzes taken. User must be enrolled in the course/subject. User can see his/her scores of quizzes, rankings and status or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow

Table 6: Use Case for Grade Table Grade Table Administrator/Instructor/Student This use case is used by the actors to access the gradebook or an electronic spreadsheets. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Grade Table button. 2.) The user enters password only each subjects. 3.) The system verifies and validates the password. 4.) For Admin/Instructor, the system will display all grades of the students per class. 5.) For Students, the system will display all grade points/percentage per exam/quiz/projects. User must be registered and make password each subjects. User can access the system or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow

Table 7: Use Case for Class Average Class Average Instructor This use case is used by the actors to view class average if Passed or Failed status. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Class Average button. 2.) The user identify class sections. 3.) The system will display ascending or descending class average and marked color Green for Passed and color Red for Failed status.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

User must be registered and make password each subjects. User can access the system or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow

Table 8: Use Case for INC Grade Monitor INC Grade Monitor Administrator/Instructor This use case is used by the actors to monitor the status of INC Grade. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the INC Grade monitor button. 2.) The system will display all students name and subjects with an INC Grade status. 3.) The Admin/Instructor can edit and LOCK after entering the students final grade.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

User can access the system or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow

Table 9: Use Case for Teaching Load Teaching Load Administrator/Instructor This use case is used by the actors to identify teaching load in a given semester/period. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Teaching load button. 2.) The user must key in what semester/period and academic year. 3.) The system provide list of teaching load in a given semesters/periods.

Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

User can access the system or just exit the website. User is on the website.

Table 10: Use case for Edit/Add Student Details Use case name Edit/Add Student Details and Edit/Add Instructor Details Actor Administrator/Registrar Description This use case is used by the actors to access the student informations Normal Flow 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Add/Edit/Delete Student Details button or Students name hyperlink. 2.) The system will display all grade tables and information background by the students. 4.) The Administrator can add, edit or delete students or Instructor details. Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption User is on the website.

Use case name Actor Description Normal Flow

Table 11: Use case for Record Grades Record Grades Instructor This use case is used by the actors to Record, Update, Modify and Lock grades of the students. 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the Record Grades button. 2.) The system will display all classes handled by the instructor. 4.) The Instructor will select class sections and encode

grades. 5.) If the grades exist, the Instructor can modify or updates the existing grades. 6.) After saving grades, the Instructor will lock the grades as final and unchangeable. Alternate Flow Precondition Post-condition Assumption

User is on the website.

3.2.3 Sequence Diagram

Online GUI

Database

Admin/Instructor/Stud User/Admin ent

1: Enter Idno & Password 2: Check

3: Give Feedback 4: Display Info. Message

Figure 5 Sequence Diagram for Login

Figure 6. Relationship of Actors/Users

3.2.3 Activity Diagram Actor: Student Use Case: Sign-Up

Sign-Up/ Register Invalid ID number Enter the details Verification

Administrator Users Role Instructor Student Valid ID number

Display successful sign-up

Verification Yes Re-enter ID number and password LOG IN

No

Re-send email confirmation

Figure 7 Activity Diagram for Sign-up

Sign-Up 1. The student will sign up or register by typing in his/her details ( such as ID number, first and last name, email address, password which can be changed after the registration, home and/or cell phone number, etc) 2. Specify users role by clicking on STUDENT. 3. Sign Up successful will be displayed.

4. A confirmation message will be emailed to the address provided. When the email is received, the student will follow the instructions to complete the registration process. Once completed, click on the embedded link to be directed to the Login Page. 5. Log-In (Figure 8 below) 6. Should the system display an invalid ID number error, confirm ID number with instructor and load back the sign up/register page/ 7. Should student is unable to log-in after being re-directed to the log-in page, re-send email confirmation and follow the steps.

Figure 8 Activity Diagram for Login

Actor: Admin, Instructor, Student Use Case: Grade Table and Teaching Load

User Role

Admin

Instructor

Student

Login ID Num

Log- in
ID Number Password

Invalid

Valid

Add/Delete/Edit Student details

Grade Table

Add/Delete/Edit Instructor details

Teaching Load

Figure 9 Activity Diagram for Grade table and Teaching Load 1. Choose user role: Administrator, Instructor, Student 2. Administrator: Log in by keying in ID number and password. Choose whether to add/delete/edit student details. Additions and changes will be reflected in the Students Grade Table which will then be accessed by the students.

Actor: Student Use Case: Make Quiz

Make Quiz

Correct

Score= +1

Score= 0 Question no.= 1

Show result

Count Total Question

Type manual questions

Start Time= Now Record correct answers Time Starts Show questions Answer questions USER Time Ends
Figure 10 Activity Diagram for Make Quiz 1. Create the quiz material to be stored in the database. Instructor uses his lesson plan, manuals/books, reports and class discussions as reference. 2. Store in the correct answers for each question

3. Instructor sets a time limit for each quiz given, depending on the length and coverage. Record the time as the student starts reading the instructions. 4. Questions are shown in the order being created or may be shuffled depending on the instructors preference. 5. Student answers questions as shown. 6. Quiz ends when time reaches its limit or when student finishes quiz before the time allotted. 7. Score starts at zero (0) from the first questing and One (1) point will be added/totalled for every correct answer. 8. Total the correct answers and display score over total number of items.

Actor: Instructor. Student Use Case: Add/Edit/Delete Instructor and Student Details

Admin Select Instructor ID #/Name

Admin Select Student ID #/Name

System display Instructor information

System display Student information

Edit

Add
Added Database

Delete

Edit

Add
Added Database

Delete

Edited Database

Deleted Database

Edited Database

Deleted Database

Figure 12 Activity diagram for Add/Edit/Delete Instructor and Student Details 1. The administrator is to select the instructor or student whom which details are to be added or changed by typing in the NAME and ID NUMBER. 2. Students/Instructors Data will be displayed. 3. Choose whether to EDIT, ADD or DELETE as required or requested.

4. Save and Refresh. 5. Details updated.

Actor: Instructor Use Case: INC Grade Monitor

Enter the details

Edit Grade

Load Grade

Final Grade

Figure 13 Activity Diagram for INC Grade Monitor

1. The instructor enters the details of the students with INC grades. 2. Students are able to access the INC grade monitoring page to check their grade status. 3. The grades will be edited by the instructor should students be able to comply with his/her requirements. 4. Grades are then locked as final. 5. Should students be unable to comply with the requirements within the specified time frame/deadline, the system automatically locks the grade to INC status.

Actor: Instructor Use Case: Record Grades

Select Student

Enter Grades
No grade exists

Modify Grades

Load Grade s

Load Classe s

Insert Grades

Lock Grades

Grades already exist

Update Grades Stop

Figure 14 Activity Diagram for Record Grades

1. 2. 3. 4.

The instructor selects the student Loads both the students grades in accordance to the classes enrolled The instructor supplies the grade for a particular class per quarter exam If no grade exists for a particular student, the instructor inserts the computed grades and lock as final 5. Once grades already exist, it can be modified or be updated by the instructor should there be any corrections or added/demerit credits 6. Grades are then locked as final 7. The students are able to access and monitor their final grades.

Sequence Description

Administrator User

LOGIN/ LOGOU T

View/Add/Edit/Delet e Details

Student User
ID Number Password First Name Last Name Course Number Department ID Encod e

Online Grading System

Encod e

Instructor User
ID Number Password First Name Last Name College Number

INC Grade

Figure 15 Sequence Diagram