1

HNG DN GII CHI TIT MT S CU M 401

Cu 23.
Trong hp cht Na
2
O
2
c hin din ion O
2
2

Cu 27.
Bo ton C cho s mol C
2
H
2
trong X = 0,35 mol. Sau bo ton H cho s mol H
2
trong
X = (1 - 0,35) = 0,65 mol. Vy %H = 65% (chn C)
Cu 28.
Ch rng cc anehit khng b oxi ha bi dung dch Br
2
trong CCl
4
m ch b oxi ha bi dung dch
Br
2
trong nc (nc brom)
Cu 29.
Theo 100ml dung dch X khi c axit ha bng H
2
SO
4
long lm mt mu va 250ml dung
dch KMnO
4
0,015M tc 0,00375 mol KMnO
4
. Ch c FeSO
4
b oxi ha bi KMnO
4
.
Gi a l s mol FeSO
4
. Bo ton electron cho: a = 5.0,00375 = 0,01875.
Do %FeSO
4
=
0,01875 . 152 . 100
= 57%
5

Vy % tp cht = 100 - 57 = 43%
Cu 30.
Gi M l phn t khi ca amino axit, ta c h:

a(M + 36,5) = 30,7 a = 0,2
a(M + 22) = 27,8 M = 117

. Vy m = aM = 23,4
Cu 31.
Chn C. HCOOCH=CHOOCH + 2H
2
O
+ o
H ,t
2HCOOH + HOCH
2
CHO
Cu 32.
Ta c
2 3
Fe O
14,4
n = = 0,09 mol
160
nn
3 4
Fe O
0,09.2
n = = 0,06 mol
3

Ch rng 1 phn t Fe
3
O
4
cho 1e, cn mt phn t K
2
Cr
2
O
7
nhn 6e, ta c
2 2 7
K Cr O
0,06
n = = 0,01 mol
6
. Vy V = 0,01 lt
Cu 33.
Theo , A l C
6
H
5
COOCH=CH
2
v B l CH
3
CHO
Cu 34.
Gi a, b ln lt l s mol CH
3
OH b oxi ha thnh HCHO v HCOOH
Ch rng n
HCHO
= a; n
HCOOH
= b;
2
H O
n = a + b;
3
CH OH (d)
n = c, ta c h:
12,96
4a + 2b = = 0,12
108
a = 0,025
b a + b c 0,56
+ + = = 0,025 b = 0,01
2 2 2 22,4
c = 0,005
0,224
b = = 0,01
22,4

Vy %CH
3
OH b oxi ha =
(a + b)100
a + b + c
= 87,5%
Cu 36.
Hm lng H
2
S trong khng kh
0,3585.34
= = 0,017 mg/l
3.239



2
Cu 37.
V X chy cho
2 2 2
O CO H O
n : n : n = 1,5 : 2 : 1 nn X c dng (CHO)
n
. Ta phi c n chn v
230
n < = 7,9
29
. Nhng n = 2 hoc n = 4 u khng c cht X tha bi. Vy n = 6, tc X l C
6
H
6
O
6

ng vi cng thc cu to C
6
(OH)
6
Cu 38.
Theo a, b, c cng ln lt l s mol 3 kh trn c trong 1 mol hn hp.
Suy ra x =
44a

44a + 28b + 2c
v
x 44
k = =
a 44a + 28b + 2c

z =
2c

44a + 28b + 2c
v
z 2
t = =
c 44a + 28b + 2c

Nhng 2 < 44a + 28b + 2c < 44 nn k > 1, cn t < 1
Cu 40.
H
2
O
2
to thnh O
2
khi gp cc cht oxi ha mnh. C 4 trng hp l:
- H
2
O
2
+ Cl
2(bo ha)
O
2
+ 2HCl
- 5H
2
O
2
+ 3H
2
SO
4
+ 2KMnO
4
2MnSO
4
+ 5O
2
+ K
2
SO
4
+ 8H
2
O
- H
2
O + 2Hg(NO
3
)
2
O
2
+ Hg
2
(NO
3
)
2
+ 2HNO
3

- H
2
O
2
+ Ca(ClO)
2
CaCl
2
+ 2H
2
O + 2O
2

Cu 41.
Dng nc NH
3
cho vo 5 mu
- Mu to kt ta trng bn l AlCl
3

- Mu to kt ta trng ri tan l ZnCl
2

- Mu to kt ta xanh ri tan l CuCl
2

- Mu to s phn lp l C
6
H
5
NH
3
Cl (do xut hin anilin khng tan)
- Mu to dung dch ng nht l NaCl
Cu 42.
Phng trnh phn ng:
CuSO
4
+ 2NaCl Cu + Na
2
SO
4
+ Cl
2

mol 0,06 0,12 0,06
CuSO
4
+ H
2
O Cu + H
2
SO
4
+
1
2
O
2

mol 0,04 0,02
n

kh
=
2 2
Cl O
n + n = 0,06 + 0,02 = 0,08 mol
V
kh
= 22,4 . 0,08 = 1,792 (lt)
Cu 43.
Ta phi chn nhng cht c O gn trc tip vo vng benzen i electron t do trn nguyn
t O tham gia lin hp vo vng benzen, t xut hin cc v tr giu electron phn ng th brom
theo c ch i electron d dng xy ra. Vy c 4 cht tha mn bi l o-crezol, m-crezol, p-crezol v
metyl phenyl ete.
Cu 44.
X
42,65 - 58,5 . 0,3
M = - 36,5 = 89 (anilin)
0,2

Cu 45.
D dng tm c
2 2
NO SO
n = n = 0,1 mol
t cng thc X l Fe
x
O
y
(a mol). Bo ton electron cho h:

a(56x + 16y) = 26 ax = 0,355
a(3x - 2y) = 1 . 0,1 + 2 . 0,1 ay = 0,3825

Bo ton Fe cho n
Fe
= ax = 0,355 mol nn m = 0,355 . 56 = 19,88 gam

3
Cu 48.
Gi a, b ln lt l s mol ASO
4
v BSO
4
mi phn.
Th nghim 1 cho: a + b
17, 475
= = 0,075 mol
233

Th nghim 2, gi s 2 mui u b in phn theo phn ng:
2MSO
4
+ 2H
2
O
d.p.d.d
2M + O
2
+ 2H
2
SO
4
(1)
Th ta phi c s mol kh thot ra anot = s mol O
2

a + b 0, 56
= 0,0375 0, 025
2 22, 4
= = =
iu ny chng t ch c mt mui b in phn nh (1), mt mui khng b in phn (tc thc cht
l in phn nc). Gi s ch c ASO
4
b in phn, ta c h:
22
a(A + 96) + b(B + 96) = = 11
a = 0,025
2
a + b = 0,075 b = 0,05
a = 0,025 0,025A + 0,05B = 3,8(*)

(*) A + 2B = 152. Ch c A = 24 v B = 64 l ph hp. Vy hai kim loi cn tm l Mg v Cu
Cu 50.
Ankin C
n
H
2n-2
c (2n - 2) nguyn t H. Nhng nguyn t H ny lin kt trc tip vi cc nguyn
t C bng (2n - 2) lin kt o . Mt khc gia n nguyn t C c (n - 1) lin kt o . Vy tng s lin kt
o trong ankin C
n
H
2n-2
l (2n - 2 + n - 1) = 3n - 3
Cu 53.
Nu 0,1 mol Cu(NO
3
)
2
phn ng ht s to m
Y
> 8 gam. Theo th m
Y
= 6,4 gam chng t
Cu(NO
3
)
2
cn d. Vy Al v Zn phn ng ht.
Gi a, b, c ln lt l s mol Al, Zn v Cu ban u. Ch rng rn Y ch l CuO v rn Z ch l Al
2
O
3
,
ta c h:

27a + 65b + 64c = 3,76
a = 0,02
6,4
1,5a + b + c = = 0,08 b = 0,02
80
c = 0,03
a 1,02
= = 0,01
2 102

Vy %m
Zn
=
0,02 . 65 . 100
= 34,57%
3,76

Cu 54.
t cng thc trung bnh 2 anehit l C
x
H
y
O v a l s mol 2 anehit, ta c h:

a(12x + y + 16) = 11,36
24,64
ax = = 0,56 a = 0,24
44
ay 7,2
= = 0,4
2 18

Nhng n
Ag
=
69,12
0,64
108
= > 2 .0,24 chng t c mt anehit l HCHO
Gi b, c ln lt l s mol HCHO v anehit cn li, ta c h:
4

30b + Mc = 11,36 b = 0,08
b + c = 0,24 c = 0,16
4b + 2c = 0,64 M = 56

Vy hn hp gm HCHO v CH
2
=CH-CHO
Cu 56.
S dung dch lm mt mu nc brom l fomon; glucoz; mantoz; axit fomic v axetanehit.
Cu 57.
Ta c phn ng:
2HBr (k)

H
2
(k) + Br
2
(k)
Ban u: 3,2 0 0 (mol)
Phn ng: 2a a a (mol)
Lc cn bng: (3,2 - 2a) a a (mol)
Vy
-7 -7 -3 2 2
C 2 2
a a
.
[H ].[Br ]
V V
K = = 4,6.10 = 4,6.10 a = 2,16.10
[HBr]
3,2 - 2a
V

| |
|
\ .

Do %HBr b phn hy =
- 3
2,16.10 .2.100
= 0,135%
3,2

Cu 58.
Theo , A c cng thc C
2n
H
4n
O
3n
. Cng thc ny ch c 1 nn A ch c mt nhm COOH.
Vy cng thc A c th vit C
2n-1
H
n+1
(COOH)(OH)
3n-2
.
Ta phi c: s nhm OH s C gc 3n - 2 2n - 1 n 1. Vy n = 1. Do A c cng thc
l C
2
H
4
O
3

Cu 59.
C 7 hp cht lng tnh l: Al(OH)
3
; KHCO
3
; NH
4
NO
2
; HCOONH
3
CH
3
; Cr
2
O
3
; (CH
3
COO)
2
Pb
v Sn(OH)
2

Cu 60.
Ha tan hon ton rn Y vo dung dch HNO
3
phi c dung dch cha 0,1 mol Cu(NO
3
)
2
v
0,2 mol Al(NO
3
)
3
. Bo ton N cho
3 3 2 3 3 2
HNO Cu(NO ) Al(NO ) NO NO
n = 2n + 3n + n + n
= 2 . 0,1 + 3 . 0,2 + 0,2 = 1 mol nn
3
dd.HNO
V = 0,5 lt