Epidemiology 7010

Class 1 Part 2 Fall 2011

Epidemiology 7010 1
Wednesday, August 17, 2011

Todays plan
History and discussion

Hippocrates

Jenner

Graunt

Snow

Hi!

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For if one knows all these things well, or at least the greater part of them, he cannot miss knowing, when he comes into a strange city, either the diseases peculiar to the place, or the particular nature of common diseases, so that he will not be in doubt as to the treatment of the diseases, or commit mistakes, as is likely to be the case provided one had not previously considered these matters. And in particular, as the season and the year advances, he can tell what epidemic diseases will attack the city, either in summer or in winter, and what each individual will be in danger of experiencing from the change of regimen. --Hippocrates. On Airs, Waters, and Places. 400 B.C.E.
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Edward Jenner 1796

Jenner was a surgeon, but more importantly, he was a good observer.

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dawgsports.com

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Cowpox
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Sarah Nelmes hand

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Blossom

http://blog.ozkizil.com/

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A popular saying among doctors during the enlightenment was, Dont think, try.

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Jenners Temple of Vaccinia

From kealyj's photostream, downloaded from flickr, 2010

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John Snow

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"The experiment, too, was on the grandest scale. No fewer than three hundred thousand people of both sexes, of every age and occupation, and of every rank and station, from gentlefolks down to the very poor, were divided into two groups without their choice, and, in most cases, without their knowledge; one group being supplied with water containing the sewage of London, and, amongst it, whatever might have come from the cholera patients, the other group having water quite free from such impurity." - Snow, 1855, p. 75.

Wednesday, August 17, 2011

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Grand Experiment

Wednesday, August 17, 2011

Natural Experiment
Denition: The epidemiologist does not manipulate a risk factor but rather observes the changes in an outcome as the result of a naturally occurring situation. Q: What are some characteristics of a good experiment?

Wednesday, August 17, 2011