Green Campuses and Green Buildings

K. V. Krishna Rao Professor Civil Engineering Department IIT Bombay

Buildings and Their Consumption Levels

40% of energy use 42% of the global water consumption 50% of the global consumption of raw materials building activities contribute
50% of the worlds air pollution 42% of its greenhouse gases 50% of all water pollution 48% of all solid wastes and 50% of all CFCs

to the environment.

Important Aspects of Green Building

Site planning Building envelope design Building system design Integration of renewable energy sources to generate energy on-site Water and waste management Selection of ecologically sustainable materials Indoor environmental quality

Rating Systems
Building Research Establishments Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) was developed in the United Kingdom in 1990 Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency (CASBEE) was developed in Japan, in 2001 GBTool was developed by the International Framework Committee for the Green Building Challenge, an international project that has involved more than 25 countries since 1998. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) was developed and piloted in the US in 1998 The Hong Kong Building Environmental Assessment Method (HKBEAM) is a voluntary scheme first launched in December 1996 Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) has been developed by TERI and Endorsed by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India as of November 1 2007

Aspects of Green Rating

1. Site Selection 2. Preserve and protect landscape during construction/compensatory depository forestation 3. Soil conservation (post construction) 4. Design to include existing site features 5. Reduce hard paving on site 6. Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency 7. Plan utilities efficiently and optimize on-site circulation efficiency 8. Provide, at least, minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for construction workers 9. Reduce air pollution during construction

Aspects of Green Rating

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Reduce landscape water requirement Reduce building water use Efficient water use during construction Optimize building design to reduce conventional energy demand Optimize energy performance of building within specified comfort limits. Utilization of fly-ash in building structure Reduce volume, weight, and time of construction by adopting efficient technology (for example, pre-cast systems, ready-mix concrete, and so on) Use low-energy material in interiors Renewable energy utilization

Aspects of Green Rating

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. Renewable energy based hot- water system Waste water treatment Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater) Reduction in waste during construction Efficient waste segregation Storage and disposal of wastes Resource recovery from waste Use of low VOC paints/adhesives/sealants Minimize ozone depleting substances

Aspects of Green Rating

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. Ensure water quality Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels Tobacco and smoke control Universal accessibility Energy audit and validation Operations and maintenance protocol for electrical and mechanical equipment Innovation

Recent Changes in NBC

Approach to Sustainability providing a comprehensive set of requirements intended to reduce the negative impact of buildings on the natural environment is being added as Part-11 to NBC

Aspects of Sustainability Dealt by NBC

Siting, form and design External development and landscape Building envelop design Materials Water and waste management Building services optimization Constructional practices Commissioning, operation, maintenance and building performance tracking

External Access
Incorporating urban transportation at the urban planning stage Encouraging integrated land use and transport planning Improving access of business to markets and the various factors of production Bringing about a more equitable allocation of road space with people, rather than vehicles, as its main focus Encouraging greater use of public transport and non-motorized modes Bicycle Lanes and Pedestrian Access Enabling the establishment of quality focussed multi-modal public transport systems that are well integrated Introducing intelligent transport systems for traffic management Addressing concerns of road safety and trauma response Reducing impacts

IIT Bombay Campus

Salient Features of IITB Campus Master Plan

Total area of the land 1980237 m2 (198 hectares) Permissible Floor Space Index -0.75 Permissible area of construction - 11,72,395 m2 Current built up area constructed- 5,78,150 m2 Additional built up area proposed- 3,59,766 m2 FSI Consumed after full development 0.6

Green Campus Initiatives

Increased Densities and Accessibility Minimum impact on tree cover Aggressive plantation on hill slopes and moisture retention through check dams Traffic calming oriented transport system development Recycling construction debris Segregated collection of solid waste, vermicomposting and recycling Rainwater harvesting and use Grey water recycling Preserving eco-sensitive green areas Rooftop solar PV Solar water heating Efficient water supply system Permeable paving and soil strip around buildings Sustainable redevelopment maximising accessibility

Thank You