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SECTION A Answer all questions in this section Write your answer in the space provided. 1. Fig 1.1 shows how a blocked vessel in the heart can be by-passed using an artificial blood vessel.

Fig 1.1

(a) (i) Name the blocked blood vesselCoronary Artery. (ii) Identify structures P and Q on Fig 1.1 P Aorta.. Q Left ventricle.

[1] [2]

(b) Sometimes instead of an artificial blood vessel being used for the graft, a vein is taken from elsewhere in the patients body. Suggest two ways in which a vein might not be as suitable for carrying blood to the heart muscle as the blood vessel in the heart before it became blocked. [2]

1 it will not have much pressure when compared to arteries 2 Elastacity of the veins are lower than arteries. .
H.DH. ATOLL SCHOOL SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10 BIOLOGY (5090/02)

(c) Fig 1.2 shows the same blood vessel, as in (a)(i) but this time the blockage is being treated with the use of a stent.

Fig 1.2

(i)

Name two components of the material that is causing the blockage at R. 1. ............high fat diet..........................................................

[2]

2. ..............heavy smoking ..........................................................................................................

(ii)

Suggest and explain why patients are given anti-platelet drug before inserting the stent. It lower the clotting nature of the blood , which may prevent the patients risk of heart attack.
.patients do not have an increased risk of prolonged or excessive postoperative bleeding

[2]

.. 2. The arrows in Fig 2.1 show energy flowing through part of a food chain.

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SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10

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Fig 2.1

(a) (i) Identify the form of energy indicated at A on Fig 2.1 Light energy. (ii) State the form in which energy is lost at B and a different form in which energy is lost at C. BHeat energy CChemical energy (urine) (iii) State two ways in which the cow can use the energy represented by D in Fig 2.1 1Movment. 2Respiration. [5]

(b) (i) State a type of organism that might use the energy lost by the cow at C. Decomposers..

[1]

(ii)Explain the activity of this type of organism could eventually be of benefit to the cow. Decomposers breakdown and decay the waste. [2]

Decomposition help to return the mineral salts present in the wate to soil Helps to improve the fertility of soil and help the
H.DH. ATOLL SCHOOL SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10 BIOLOGY (5090/02)

plants / producers to grow nicely.

.. (c) Fig2.2 shows a pyramid of biomass.

Carnivores Herbivores Producers

Fig 2.2 Explain why the carnivores have the smallest biomass in this pyramid? They lose the energy because of their diffferent activity like [1]

respiration and movement.

3. Fig 3.1 shows some chemical molecules found in the human body and how they join to form larger molecules.

Reaction N Fig 3.1 Complex carbohydrates

SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10 BIOLOGY (5090/02)

H.DH. ATOLL SCHOOL

(a) Identify molecules K, L and M. K Amino acid L Glycerol or Fatty acid M Fat..

[3]

(b) Reaction occurs in the liver. (i) Name the complex carbohydrate manufactured by this reaction. Glycogen.. (ii) Some people develop a disease as a result of which this reaction does not occur. Name the disease and explain why this reaction does not take place? DiseaseDiabetes. ExplanationLiver also regulates blood sugar level by converting glucose into glycogen and store it in liver if this fails blood sugar level increase. .. (c) Complex carbohydrates are digested in the duodenum.Fig3.2 shows the effect of pH on the enzyme that controls this reaction. [3] [4]

Rate of reaction Fig 3.2

8 pH

10

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SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10

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(i) (ii)

Name this enzyme amylase.. Explain how the optimum pH for this enzyme maintained in the duodenum. ............Optimum pH is maintanined by the secreation of pancreatic and intestinal juice secretion and nutralise the acidic condition of chyme released by stomach................................................................................................................................................... .

4. Fig 4.1 shows across section through a leaf.

Fig 4.1

(a)Identify parts O and P O Vascular bundle P Air space (b)(i) On Fig 4.1 draw chloroplasts in the cytoplasm of three different types of cell in which they are found.

[2]

[3]

1. In palisade mesophill cell 2. Spongy mesophyll cell 3. Guard cell. (ii) Name the region of cells that, in most leaves, contains the greatest number of chloroplast. Palisade mesophill
H.DH. ATOLL SCHOOL SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10 BIOLOGY (5090/02)

[1]

(iii)State a function of the film of water present on the walls of the cells named in (ii) help in the diffussion of gases from the cell to airspace. (c)State two properties of layer Q in Fig 4.1 and explain the importance of each. Property 1 Water Proof

[1]

[4]

Importance prevent the water loss from leaf surface.. Property 2 Transparent, Broad and flat surface Importance Maximum absorption of light. ..

5. Figure 5.1 summarizes the early stages of sexual reproduction in a mammal.

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SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10

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T..

Structure W Fig 5.1 (a) (i) Name the type of cells shown at R Gamete/ Egg (ii)Name the process occurring at S Fertilization.. (iii)Name the type of cell shown at T Zygote.. (b) Structure W is a group of cells formed from T. (i)What kind of cell division might have occurred at T? Mitotic cell division (ii)State any one significance of the type of cell division that you mentioned in b(i) It help to maintain chromosomal diploid number [3] [4]

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(iii)Explain the further changes of structure W 4 cell stage will be converted into ball of cells by the repeated process of mitotic cell division . They slowly move from the tube to uterus for the development and growth. If W at this stage split each half contues to develop separately forming two child. They will form twins (c)Albinism is a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele. When a man and woman married, they got a child with albinism. By using the alleles A and a draw a genetic cross to show how these couple got an albino child. The man and the mother were carrier for the albino. When they got crossed the child has the possibility of getting the albino child due to criss cross inheritance process. .. [4]

Both of them are carrier for the albino, but they are phenotypically normal and genotypically carrier for it. When crossed they have the child with Normal 25% carrier 50% and aaffected 25% as recessive.

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SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10

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SECTION B Answer Three questions including questions 6, 7, and 8Either or Or Write your answer on separate answer paper. 6. Describe the different methods by which the particles are moving in and out of the cells. Give examples of each method in plants and animals. Osmosis; difussion and Active transport. Def [2] Osmosis through semipermiable membrane from high to low concentration mineral ion movement; movement of digested food vitamin, mineral in villus. Movement of water in plant. [4] Difussion movement of gases from the region of high to low during respiration in plant and animal (carbon di oxide and oxygen) [4] Define Osmosis and difussion in separate para Explain the process with example in separate para for both osmosis and difussion in plant and animal it will come for 2 pages. [10]

7.Describe the industrial production of a named antibiotic. Define [2] process [6]

[10]

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SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10

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The process is carried out in large stainless steel fermenter . This is steam sterilised and loaded with sterilised growth medium containing lactose, aminoacid, mineral salts and other substances. Penicillium cstain is introduced into the culture medium and optimum pH and temperature is maintained. The container is continuously stirred and air blown in. . Penicillin is produced in large quantities only towards the end of the growth of fungus. The broth is filtered to remove the cells to remove entrapped penicillin. Then filtrate, extracted and crystallized. Used for the treatment of infectious disase caused by bacteria. [Uses 2] 8. Either With reference to the properties, method of action and the factors that affect the action write an essay on enzymes. Mention suitable examples. Explain Enzyme [3] Effect of enzyme on ph [3] temperature [3] enzyme activity [1] examples. 8 .Or Describe the following stages of nutrition (a) Digestion Define [2] place of digestion- mouth, stomach, intestine explain [3] (b) Assimilation Define [2] place of assimilation [1] process [2] Diagram if possible. [5] [5] [10]

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H.DH. ATOLL SCHOOL

SECOND MOCK EXAMINATION 2012-GRADE 10

BIOLOGY (5090/02)