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Author: Microflown Technologies Dhr. E. Tijs info@microflown.com tijs@microflown.com T: +31 316 581 490 F: +31 316 581 491
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
Page 1 of 11
Table of contents
1. Bill of materials ..................................................................................... 3 2. Setup of the system ............................................................................... 3 2.1. Hardware ....................................................................................................... 3 2.2. Schematic setup of the system.......................................................................... 5 3. Surface Impedance Program ................................................................. 6 3.1. Program start up ............................................................................................. 6 3.1.1. Sound card settings.................................................................................... 6 3.1.2. Running the program.................................................................................. 7 3.2. Measurements................................................................................................. 7 3.2.1. Settings .................................................................................................... 8 3.2.2. Measure.................................................................................................... 8 3.3. Process the measurements ............................................................................... 9 3.3.1. Load files .................................................................................................. 9 3.3.2. Screen content ........................................................................................ 10 3.3.3. Separate plots ......................................................................................... 11 3.3.4. Workspace .............................................................................................. 11
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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1. Bill of materials
Surface Impedance software Grid with elastics fastened and spherical loudspeaker mounted. Specified probe (PU mini and/or PU match) with mounting screw(s). Handle Mini tripod to mount under the handle Lemo probe cable Jack loudspeaker cable Signal conditioner & sound card amplifier Cables signal conditioner to sound card amplifier USB sound card cable to computer 2 x 110/230 Volt to 18Volt adaptor 2 x Adaptor cable
Figure 1. The sensitive direction is indicated with the blue arrow and should point towards the loudspeaker. Left: Mounting of the PU mini probe. Right: PU match probe
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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Microflown Technologies B.V. 3. Then put the protective grid on the probe. Make sure the pillars of the grid are not in front of the sensor, see Figure 2. They can obstruct and alter the measurement
Figure 2. The pillars of the protective grid should not be in front of the sensor 4. Connect all electronics Sound card / channel 1 Sound card / channel 2 Particle velocity output Sound pressure output Loudspeaker volume BNC to loudspeaker
Signal conditioner
Figure 3. Connections signal conditioner and sound card amplifier Calibration report PU-Probe Model A Page 4 of 11
Microflown Technologies B.V. 5. Connect the Lemo cable that comes from the signal conditioner to the probe. Then tighten the knob.
Plug from probe Jack cable from amplifier Connect the Lemo cable to the probe
Figure 4. Connections backside of the surface impedance setup 6. Switch on the signal conditioner and set it to corrected mode, high gain. Both for impedance calibration as for the sample measurement. Left switch down: corrected mode Right switch up: high gain
Orange led Figure 5. The signal conditioner should be set on high gain, corrected mode
hs - h hs
Figure 6. Schematic layout of the setup Distance sphere-probe (hs h) : Distance from the front of the loudspeaker to the center of the probe Distance probe-sample (h) : Distance from the center of the probe to the material
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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Recording
Playback
Volume icon
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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3.2. Measurements
11. Click the Measure button, see Figure 9. The 2 channel recording window will open.
Measure
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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3.2.1. Settings
12. Under Options >> Settings the measurement parameters can be changed.
Ambient temperature Select USB audio if not selected Measurement time (seconds)
3.2.2. Measure
Select Calibration or Measurement
Coherence
Figure 11. 2 channel recording measurement panel 13. Select Measurement or Calibration first. The measurement can automatically be saved to a subfolder in the Measurement or Calibration folder. This subfolder will automatically contain the date. 14. Press Start to start measuring.
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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15. Calibration. The measurements can be performed within a normal room (not anechoic). But please make sure there is not too much background noise during calibration. This will also result in a less high coherence. Make sure there are no drastic peaks in both the magnitude and the phase of the transfer function like in Figure 11. The phase flips of course from 180 to -180, but this is okay. 16. Sample measurement. The transfer function deviates from the calibration because of the material. Also the coherence is likely to drop at the frequencies where the sample is reflecting (area of high impedance so the velocity signal will be low). 17. Press Save. A window will open. The measurement can be saved to a .mat file in the specified directory. Avoid names containing an underscore (_), a comma separator (,) or a spacebar ( ). If for somewhat reason the signals do not appear properly in the 2 channel recording panel, check if the sound card is receiving the signals. In that case please re-initialize the sound card as described under 3.1.1 Sound card settings
Figure 12. Load calibration / measurements 19. Load the measurement file. All windows will automatically refresh. When a different measurement is loaded it is not necessary to reload the calibration file.
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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Averaging coefficient
Figure 13. Screenshot of the program with an example measurement loaded Transfer function of sound pressure (ch. 1) divided by particle velocity (ch. 2) The raw data is smoothed to filter out unwanted reflections. Please look at the data carefully to see if the smoothed line follows the raw data sufficiently. If this is not the case the number of averages can be influenced by changing the value of the averaging coefficient # average measured sample. A value of zero means the data is not smoothed. For most samples this parameter can have a value of 1 or higher. But some samples have a very drastic behavior (like the quarter lambda sample). To follow the measured data correctly the averaging coefficient should be lower. Upper left graph : The magnitude of the raw data with all reflections and the smoothed response. Both the calibration measurement as the sample measurement is displayed. Upper right graph : The phase of the raw data and the smoothed response. Calibration measurement and sample measurement.
: The magnitude response of impedance divided by c (density of air and speed of sound) Middle right graph : The phase response of impedance
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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Microflown Technologies B.V. Absorption / Reflection coefficient Lower left graph : The magnitude response of reflection and the absorption coefficient. Both lines can be selected or unselected with the checkmarks below the graph
Figure 14. The checkbox should be selected to display the absorption or reflection curve Lower right graph : Phase of the reflection coefficient
3.3.4. Workspace
After loading a calibration and measurement file, automatically the following values will be exported to the workspace.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
1. Name Measurement file 2. Name Calibration file 3. Column 1: Coherence pressurespeaker Column 2: Coherence velocity-speaker 4. Matrix with all data 5. Names of the columns of TotalMatrix 6. All measurement settings
Calibration report
PU-Probe Model A
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