International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 3, May June 2013 ISSN 2278-6856

Implementation of Fractals Art in Ceiling Decoration

A.K.Shukla1, J.Mishra2 and Ajatshatru3
1

A. K. Shukla is with the NIELIT, Regional Office (Ex-DOEACC) Patna- 800001, Bihar, India
2

J. Mishra is with the College of Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003,Orissa, India.

Ajatshatru is with the NIELIT, Regional Office (Ex-DOEACC) Patna- 800001, Bihar, India

Abstract: Interior design and layout play a vital role in the

aesthetic appeal of a home, office, hotels or any other interior space. Internal ambience is dependence on patterns or colors , decorative ceilings , furniture etc. Ceilings play a vital role within an interior space and serve a marvelous environment within a room because it gives attractiveness. They offer the maximum unobstructed view in a room and thereby never fail to catch the eye. But apart form decorative ceiling; not much that has caught the frenzy. Very little concepts of ceiling designing have been analyzed towards color, contrast, brightness along with other mathematical concepts such as geometric transformation and formulas and the techniques being used are not so efficient to create versatile designs with improved coloring and innovative patterns. For the solution, efforts have been made to explore the vast ocean of mathematical functions to get more innovative designs using fractal software. Fractals are the new branch of mathematics having non-integer dimension and is considered as the nature's biggest design secrets and use of this technique in ceiling designing has brought a new era in design industry. This paper includes many concepts and assimilation which opens a new door in design field.

Keyword: Fractal, Self-similarity, Kaleidoscope, Ultra fractal, Julia, Coloring Algorithm

ideas of architects6. Hindu temple is one of the best examples of those fractal buildings and design which were constructed in the past, far before than the birth of fractal theory and manifested the religious cosmic visions7. Design and layout play an important role in the imaginative appeal of a restaurant, home, hotels, historical architecture or any other interior space. As you design your dream log home, you will likely plan for the perfect master suite, the gourmet kitchen and the ideal great room with a soaring stone fireplace and a cathedral ceiling. But how much thought have you really put into that ceiling? Have you carefully considered how it will affect the way your home looks and feels? The process of decorating own home is very personal in nature. We want to make sure everything fits our unique tastes and provides an eyeful of delight every time you look around our self. Sometimes, we work hard to create an artistic atmosphere that breathes style and elegance, but still feel that there is something missing to our interior decoration scheme. For this we are going to find a solution for wonderful ceiling designs by combining pattern design technique with fractal geometry using Ultra Fractal 5.0.

I. Introduction
Fractals were first discussed by Mandelbrot1 in 1975 and its a new branch of mathematics and art represented in natural objects in the form of geometric shapes as clouds, mountains, coastlines, roots, branches of trees, blood vessels, and lungs of animals2; perhaps the structure of the universe itself. Fractals when magnified appear similar or identical to the original fractal and to other subsets. If they subdivided in parts, each of which is (at least approximately) a reduced-size copy of the whole3.This property called self-similarity4,5 makes fractals independent of scaling. For many centuries, man has used geometrical selfrepeating patterns as decorative elements in architecture and many other representational arts .These decorative design show elements of fractals. Fractal geometry has been applied particularly, in architecture as a language which translates the beauty of complexity as well as the Volume 2, Issue 3 May June 2013

II. Methodologies:
Our focus is to find innovative and beautiful ceiling design using mathematical functions. The fractal methodologies used in designing is a laborious process and the desired effective design is achieved after some efforts and patience. It is a challenging field so a designer may face the following challenges: To choose the appropriate fractal formula To choose the desired mapping function To choose the effective coloring scheme To choose the appropriate formula and coloring, one should rely on his/her own intuition Different patterns and styles have been created by using Ultra Fractal 5.0. This is one of the best fractal softwares to create fractal images using the concept of layers. This software is very similar to Photoshop but the main difference is that the mathematical formulas such as Page 168

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 3, May June 2013 ISSN 2278-6856
iterative functions like Mandelbrot, Newton, Julia etc., can be used in it, which is not possible in other designing softwares. There are some predefined templates available under mapping options which give different look and feel to any image. It is also possible to create 2D, 3D and animated pictures which are strictly based on certain formula. This software works on its predefined images as well as on imported images (JPEG, PNG, BMP etc.). There are lots of ways to create lovely images but our concentration is especially on layers and gradient tool using mathematical formulas. The gradient editor makes it easy to adjust the color pallet. In this research paper, the focus is to create modern ceilings decorative design. series, we have used reflective symmetry mode to get the resulting image. 3. In 3rd series, different formulas such as Newton, Julia and pixel etc. along with Kaleidoscope, Glass Hemisphere and Aspect Ratio mapping effects have been used on each layer and also merge mode options has been used. From the above procedures, it can be seen that the popular mathematical functions are the core of entire paper. Newton formula:-The Newton fractal is generated by Newton's method for solving polynomial equations. The famous Newton formula isZ (0) =Pixel;

III. Result and Discussion

The images created by using the above methodologies are:1. In series 1st, works have been carried out by importing different pictures and colour algorithms on each layers using outside option under layers properties. There are many effects available in mapping tab of Layer properties in which we can choose any one. In this series, Kaleidoscope effect has been taken on each layer. To enhance the look of the image, we have taken pixel formula. In this way, so many eye catching images can be created by combining different layers and by changing the visibility and opacity level of the layers. In all the processes, the self similarity of the generated images is conserved in spite of change in different parameters.

Z (n+1) = ((p-1)*z (n) ^p +1)/ (p*z (n) ^ (p-1))

Julia: - Julia sets are closely related to the well-known Mandelbrot set and are available as a fractal formula in Standard.ufm. The classic equation of Julia isZ (0) =pixel; z (n+1) =z (n) ^2+c Nova (Julia):- The Nova fractal is a modified Newton fractal. In Nova (Julia), the Julia version can be used as a normal Newton fractal and it is found in Standard.ufm. Pixel Formula: - Ultra Fractal5.0 allows users to create ones own design by importing pictures of their choices and this is possible by using Pixel formula either in inside or outside tab. The Pixel fractal formula is a simple formula that marks all pixels in the layer as outside. This gives exclusive control over the layer to the colouring algorithm selected on the Outside tab of the Layer Properties tool window.

IV. Conclusion
From the above analysis, it has been proved that fractal based softwares have brought a new era by combining mathematical formulas with designs. Although it is pure mathematics based software, so, it is not necessary for a person to be expert in mathematics to use this software. Even a layman can create his own designs by using predefined functions, templates and by adjusting the different parameters of this software. There are so many softwares like Photoshop, Auto-CAD etc. which are still being used but the fractal software inherits all the features of designing softwares mentioned above, in addition to the strong mathematical functions. This research paper is not a final picture, instead, it leaves a lot of scope for the computer artists to experiment further.

2. In this series, different mapping effects and formulas implemented on each layer. On first layer, the kaleidoscope effect of mapping along with pixel formula has been used. On layer two, we have taken Nova(Julia) formula along with Aspect ratio effect of mapping and Pixel formula with Kaleidoscope effect have been used on layer three. Beside these, merge mode and symmetry mode options like reflective, right, left of mapping tab can also be used for getting more versatile designs. In this

References:
[1] Benoit B. Mandelbrot, The Fractal Geometry of nature, W.H. Freeman and company, ISBN 0-71671186-9, 1993. Page 169

Volume 2, Issue 3 May June 2013

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 3, May June 2013 ISSN 2278-6856
[2] Horst K. Hahn; Manfred Georg; and Heinz-Otto Peitgen (2005). "Fractal aspects of three-dimensional vascular constructive optimization". In Losa, Gabriele A.;Nonnenmacher, Theo F.. Fractals in biology and medicine. Springer. pp. 5566. ISBN 978-3-7643-7172-2. [3] Mandelbrot,Benot B. (1983). The fractal geometry of nature. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-7167-1186-5 [4] Yuval fisher, Fractal Image compression Theory and Application, Springer- verlag, ISBN 0-387-94211-4, 1994. [5] Maaruf Ali and Trevor G. Clarkson, Fractal Image Compression, Proc. 1st Seminar on Information technology and its Applications (ITA 91), September 29, 1991 Leicester. [6] Thomas D. Architecture and the urban environment: a vision for the new age, 1st ed. Architectural Press; June 2002. Jackson WJ. Heavens fractal net: retrieving lost visions in the humanities. Indiana University Press; 2004.

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