Effect of Radiation On MHD Natural Convection Flow From A Porous Vertical Plate

International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET) International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology
(IJSRET) International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET) International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET)
Volume 2 Issue2 pp 084-092 May 2013 www.ijsret.org ISSN 2278 0882

IJSRET @ 2013
Effect of Radiation on MHD Natural Convection Flow from a
Porous Vertical Plate

Amena Ferdousi
1
, M. Mostafizur Rahman
2
, Mohammad Salek Parvez
3
, M. A. Alim
4

Faculty of EEE, Eastern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, amena@easternuni.edu.bd
Department of CSE and CIS, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Department of Natural Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka

ABSTRACT

In this paper, the effects of Radiation on MHD Natural
Convection Flow from a Porous Vertical Plate have
been described. The governing boundary layer
equations are first transformed into a non dimensional
form and the resulting non linear system of partial
differential equations are then solved numerically
using finite difference method together with Keller-
Box scheme. The numerical results of the surface shear
stress in terms of skin friction coefficient and the rate
of heat transfer in terms of local Nusselt number,
velocity as well as temperature profiles are shown
graphically and tabular form for a selection of
parameters set of consisting of magnetohydrodynamic
parameter M, radiation effect R
d
, Prandtl number Pr.

Keywords - Mmagnetohydrodynamic; Porous plate;
Radiation effect; Natural convection flow.

NOMENCLATURES

a
r
Rosseland mean absorption co-efficient
C
f
Local skin friction coefficient
C
p
Specific heat at constant pressure
f Dimensionless stream function
g Acceleration due to gravity
k Thermal conductivity
Nu
x
Local Nusselt number
Pr Prandtl number
Q Heat generation parameter
q
w
Heat flux at the surface
c
q Conduction heat flux
r
q Radiation heat flux
R
d
Radiation parameter
T Temperature of the fluid in the boundary layer
T

Temperature of the ambient fluid
T
w
Temperature at the surface
V Wall suction velocity

( , ) u v Dimensionless velocity (x,y) components
along the axes
(x, y) Axis in the direction along and normal
to the surface respectively

GREEK SYMBOLS

Equal to
4
3
d
R
Coefficient of thermal expansion
Equal to 1
w

T Equal to
w
T T

Similarity variable
Dimensionless temperature function
w
Surface temperature parameter
Viscosity of the fluid
Kinematic viscosity
Similarity variable
Density of the fluid
Stephman-Boltzman constant
s
Scattering co-efficient
f
Absolute Viscosity at the film temperature
Coefficient of skin friction
w
Shearing stress
Non-dimensional stream function

SUBSCRIPTS

w wall conditions
Ambient temperature

International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET) International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET) International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET) International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET)

IJSRET @ 2013
I. INTRODUCTION

The effect of radiation on free convection flow of
electrically conducting fluid in presence of transverse
magnetic field (MHD) has been drawn forth not only
for its fundamental aspects but also for its significance
in the contexts of space technology and processes
involving high temperature. In the presence of MHD
natural convection boundary layer flow from a porous
vertical plate of a steady two dimensional viscous
incompressible fluid and the radiated heat transfer has
been investigated. Over the work it is assumed that the
surface temperature of the porous vertical plate, Tw, is
constant, where Tw>T. Here T is the ambient
temperature of the fluid, T is the temperature of the
fluid in the boundary layer, g is the acceleration due to
gravity and the fluid is assumed to be a grey emitting
and absorbing but non scattering medium. In the
present work following assumptions are made:

Variations in fluid properties are limited only to
those density variations which affect the buoyancy
terms.
Viscous dissipation effects are negligible.
The radiative heat flux in the x-direction is
considered negligible in comparison with that in
the y-direction, where the physical coordinates (u,
v) are velocity components along the (x, y) axes.

Merkin [1] studied free convection with blowing and
suction. Lin and Yu [2] studied free convection on a
horizontal plate with blowing and suction. Hossain et
al. [3] studied the effect of radiation on free convection
flow with variable viscosity from a porous vertical
plate. Hossain et al. [4] studied flow of viscous
incompressible fluid with temperature dependent
viscosity and thermal conductivity past a permeable
wedge with variable heat flux. Hossain and Takhar [5]
studied radiation effect on mixed convection along a
vertical plate with uniform surface temperature. Molla
et al. [6] studied natural convection flow along a
vertical wavy surface with uniform surface
temperature in presence of heat generation/absorption.
Akhter [7] studied the effect of radiations on free
convection flow on sphere with isothermal surface and
uniform heat flux. Ali [8] studied the effect of
radiation on free convection flow on sphere with heat
generation. Vajravelu and Hadjinicolaou [9] studied
the heat transfer in a viscous fluid over a stretching
sheet with viscous dissipation and internal heat
generation. In this study, they considered that the
volumetric rate of heat generation,
3
[ / ]
m
q W m should be

( )
0
0
Q T T for T T
m
q
for T T

=
<

where
0
Q is the heat generation constant.

The above relation explained is valid as an
approximation of the state of some exothermic process
and having
T as the onset temperature. When the inlet

temperature is not less than
T , they used ) (
0
T T Q .
Hossain et al. [10] studied MHD forced and free
convection boundary layer flow along a vertical porous
plate. Hossain et al. [11] studied the effect of radiation
on free convection flow from a porous vertical plate.
They analyzed a full numerical solution and found an
increase in Radiation parameter R
d
causes to thin the
boundary layer and an increase in surface temperature
parameter causes to thicken the boundary layer. The
presence of suction ensures that its ultimate fate if
vertically increased is a layer of constant thickness.
None of the aforementioned studies considered MHD
effects on laminar boundary layer flow of the fluids
along porous plate with radiation heat loss.

In the present study, we propose to investigate the
effect of radiation on MHD natural convection flow
from a porous vertical plate numerically. The results
will be obtained for different values of relevant
physical parameters and will be shown in graphs as
well as in tables.

The governing partial differential equations are
reduced to locally non-similar partial differential forms
by adopting some appropriate transformations. The
transformed boundary layer equations are solved
numerically using implicit finite difference scheme
together with the Keller box technique [12]. Here, we
have focused our attention on the evolution of the
surface shear stress in terms of local skin friction and
the rate of heat transfer in terms of local Nusselt
number, velocity profiles as well as temperature
profiles for selected values of parameters consisting of
the magnetic parameter M, Prandtl number Pr and the
radiation parameter R
d
.

II. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM

We have investigated the effect of radiation on MHD
natural convection flow from a porous plate. Over the
work it is assumed that the surface temperature of the
porous vertical plate, T
w
, is constant, where T T
w
>
. The
physical configuration considered is as shown in Fig 1.

IJSRET @ 2013

Fig 1: The coordinate system and the physical model

The conservation equations of the flow, i.e., the
continuity, momentum and energy equations,
characterized by steady, laminar and two dimensional
boundary layer under the usual Boussinesq
approximation can be written as:
0
u v
x y

+ =

(1)
2
2
( ) ( )
0 0
2
u u u
u v g T T u
x y
y

+ = +

(2)
2
( )
2
T T T q
r
c u v k
p
x y y
y

+ =

(3)
With the boundary conditions
0, 0, 0, .
0, 0, 0, ,
, 0, 0,
x y u T T
y x u v V T T
w
y x u T T
= > = =
= > = = =
> = =
(4)
where is the density,
0
is the strength of magnetic
field,
0
is the electrical conduction, k is the thermal
conductivity, is the coefficient of thermal expansion,
is the reference kinematic viscosity = / , is the
viscosity of the fluid, C
p
is the specific heat due to
constant pressure and q
r
is the radiative heat flux in the
y direction.

In order to reduce the complexity of the problem and
to provide a means of comparison with future studies
that will employ a more detail representation for the
radiative heat flux; we will consider the optically thick
radiation limit. Thus radiation heat flux term is
simplified by the Rosseland diffusion approximation
[13] and is given by
( )
4
4
3
T
q
r
a y
r s
=
+
(5)
In Equation (5) a
r
is the Rosseland mean absorption
co-efficient,
s
is the scattering co-efficient and is
the Stephan-Boltzman constant.
Now introduce the following non-dimensional
variables:
Vy
= ,
1
4
4
2
x
V
g T

=
`

)

3 2 3
4
V g T f

= +
`
)
,
T T
T T
w

(6)
3
4
, 1 1 ,
( )
T T T T T
w w w
Rd
w w
T T T k a
s

= = = = =
+

Where, is the non-dimensional temperature function,
w
is the surface temperature parameter and R
d
is the
radiation parameter.
Substituting (6) into Equations (1, 2, 3) leads to the
following non-dimensional equations
2
2 3
2
2 2 0 0
f f ff f
f f
f f v f

+ + +
| |

=
|

\
(7)
( ) ( )
2
1 4 3
1 1 1 3
3

Rd f
w
pr
f
f

(
+ + + +
( `
)
| |

= |

\
(8)
Where Pr=C
p
/k is the Prandtl number is the heat
generation parameter and M=
0
2
0
/ is the magneto
hydrodynamic parameter.
The boundary conditions (4) become
0, 1 at 0
0, 0 as
f
f

= = = =
= =
0, f
(9)
The solution of equations (6), (8) enable us to calculate
the non dimensional velocity components u,v from
the following expressions
2
2
( , )
( )
1
(3 )
u u f
Vg T T
w
f
v f f
V
= =

= = + +
(10)
In practical applications, the physical quantities of
principle interest are the shearing stress
w
and the rate
of heat transfer in terms of the skin-friction
coefficients C
fx
and Nusselt number Nu
x
respectively,
which can be written as
( ) ( ) ,
0
0
V
Nu q q C
x c r fx
V T g T
= + =
=
=

(11)

where and
0 0
u T
q k
w c
y y

| | | |
= =
| |

\ \
= =

(12)
q
c
is the conduction heat flux.
Using the Equations (6) and the boundary condition
(9) into (11 and 12), we get
( )
( )
,0
4 1
3
1 ,0
3
C f x
f x
Nu Rd x
w
x

=
| |
= +
|
\
(13)
The values of the velocity and temperature distribution
are calculated respectively from the following
relations:
( )
2
( , ), , u f x y = =

III. METHOD OF SOLUTION

Solution of the local non similar partial differential
equation (7 to 8) subjected to the boundary condition
(9) is obtained by using implicit finite difference
method with Keller-Box Scheme, which has been
described in details by Cebeci and Bradshaw [14].

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this exertion the effect of radiation on MHD natural
convection flow on a porous vertical plate is
investigated. Numerical values of local rate of heat
transfer are calculated in terms of Nusselt number Nu
x

for the surface of the porous vertical plate from lower
stagnation point to upper stagnation point, for different
values of the aforementioned parameters and these are
shown in tabular form in Table 1 and Graphically in
Fig 6-9. The effect for different values MHD
parameter M on local skin friction coefficient C
fx
and
the local Nusselt number Nu
x
, as well as velocity and
temperature profiles are displayed in Fig 2 to 9. The
aim of these fig are to display how the profiles vary in
, the selected streetwise co-ordinate.

Fig 2(a)-2(b) display results for the velocity and
temperature profiles, for different values of radiation
parameter R
d
while Prandtl number Pr = 1.0, surface
temperature parameter
w
= 1.1 and magnetic
parameter M=2.0. It has been seen from Fig 2(a)-2(b)
that, as the radiation parameter R
d
increases the
velocity profiles and the temperature profiles increase.
The changes of velocity profiles in the direction
reveals the typical velocity profile for natural
convection boundary layer flow, i.e., the velocity is
zero at the boundary wall then the velocity increases to
the peak value as increases and finally the velocity
approaches to zero (the asymptotic value). The
changes of temperature profiles in the direction also
shows the typical temperature profiles for natural
convection boundary layer flow that is the value of
temperature profiles is 1.0 (one) at the boundary wall
then the temperature profile increases for <1 and
decreases gradually along 1 direction to the
asymptotic value.

Fig 2. (a) Velocity and (b) temperature profiles for
different values of radiation parameter R
d
with others
fixed parameters.

The effect for different values of surface temperature
parameter
w
, the velocity and temperature profiles
with Prandtl number Pr = 1.0, radiation parameter R
d

=0.1 and magnetic parameter M=2.0 are shown in Fig
3(a)-3(b). Here, as the surface temperature parameter
w
increases, the velocity and the temperature profiles
increase slightly such that there exists a local
maximum of the velocity within the boundary layer,
but velocity increases near the surface of the porous
plate and then temperature decreases slowly and
finally approaches to zero.
0 1 2 3 4 5
0.0
0.1
0.2
V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
R
d
= 0.30
R
d
= 0.20
R
d
= 0.10
R
d
= 0.05
R
d
= 0.00
M = 2.0,
Pr = 1.0
1.1,
0 1 2 3 4
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.3
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
R
d
= 0.30
R
d
= 0.20
R
d
= 0.10
R
d
= 0.05
R
d
= 0.00
Pr = 1.0, R
d
= 0.1,
1.1,
b
a

However, in fig 4(a)-4(b) it has been shown that when
the Prandtl number Pr = 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2
increases with
w
= 1.1, R
d
= 0.1, and M=2.0, both the
velocity and temperature profiles decrease.

Fig 5(a) display results for the velocity profiles for
different values of magnetic parameter M with Prandtl
number Pr = 1.0, radiation parameter R
d
=0.1, and
surface temperature parameter
w
= 1.1. It has been
seen from fig 5(a) that as the magnetic parameter M
increases, the velocity profiles increase up to the
position of =0.73363 after that position velocity
profiles decrease with the increase of magnetic
parameter.

different values of heat flux parameter
w
with others
fixed parameters

It is also observed from fig 5(a) that the changes of
velocity profiles in the direction reveals the typical
velocity profile for natural convection boundary layer
flow, i.e., the velocity is zero at the boundary wall then
the velocity increases to the peak value as increases
and finally the velocity approaches to zero (the
asymptotic value) but we see from this fig and its
magnified portion for M=25.0 the velocity profile
crosses all the other velocity profiles. This is because
of the velocity profiles having lower peak values for
higher values of magnetic parameter tend to increase
comparatively slower along direction than velocity
profiles with higher peak values for lower values of
magnetic parameter.

different values of prandtl number Pr with others fixed
parameters

Fig 5(b) displays results for the temperature profiles,
for different values of magnetic parameter M while
Prandtl number Pr = 1.0, radiation parameter R
d
=0.1,
and surface temperature parameter
w
= 1.1. The
maximum values of velocity are recorded to be
0.67234, 0.46704, 0.36866, 0.28724 and 0.22589 for
M=.25.0, 20.0, 10.0, 5.0, and 0.0, at =0.73363,
0 1 2 3 4 5
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
= 3.2
= 2.5
= 1.5
= 0.5
= 0.0
R
d
= 0.1,
Pr = 1.0
M = 2.0
0 1 2 3 4
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.0
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
= 3.2
= 2.5
= 1.5
= 0.5
= 0.0
Pr = 1.0, R
d
= 0.1,
= 2.0
0 1 2 3 4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
Pr = 1.20
Pr = 1.10
Pr = 1.00
Pr = 0.90
Pr = 0.80
R
d
= 0.1,
M = 2.0
1.1,
0 1 2 3 4
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
Pr = 1.20
Pr = 1.10
Pr = 1.00
Pr = 0.90
Pr = 0.80
M = 2.0, R
d
= 0.1,
1.1,
a
b
a
b

=0.78384 and =0.83530. Here, it is observed that at
=0.83530, the velocity increases by 57.09% as the
magnetic parameter M changes from 0 to 25.0.

different values of magnetic parameter M with others
fixed parameters.

From fig 5(b), as the magnetic parameter M increases,
the temperature profiles increase. We observed that the
temperature profile is 1.0 (one) at the boundary wall
then the temperature profile decreases gradually along
direction to the asymptotic value. But for M=25.0
the temperature profile increases, at =0.73363 it is
3.44172 then it decrease.

The effect for different values of radiation parameter
R
d
, the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer
coefficient while Prandtl number Pr = 1.0, surface
w
= 1.1 and magnetic
parameter M=2.0 are shown in Fig 6(a)-6(b). Here, as
the radiation parameter R
d
increases, both the skin
friction coefficient and heat transfer coefficient
increase.

Fig 6. (a) Skin friction and (b) rate of heat transfer for
different values of radiation parameter R
d
with others
fixed parameters.

From Fig 7(a)-7(b), it can also easily be seen that an
increase in the surface temperature parameter
w
leads
to increase in the local skin friction coefficient C
fx
and
heat transfer coefficient while Prandtl number Pr =
1.0, radiation parameter R
d
=0.1 and magnetic
parameter M=2.0. This phenomenon can easily be
understood from the fact that when the surface
w
decreases, the temperatures
of the fluid decline and the thickness of the velocity
boundary layer downhill, i.e., the thermal boundary
layer becomes thicker than the velocity boundary
layer.

The variation of the local skin friction coefficient C
fx

and local rate of heat transfer Nu
x
for different values
of Prandtl number Pr while
w
= 1.1, R
d
=0.1, Q = 2.0
0 1 2 3 4 5
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
M = 24.0
M = 15.0
M = 10.0
M = 05.0
M = 00.0
R
d
= 0.1,
Pr = 1.0
1.1,
0 1 2 3 4
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s
M = 24.0
M = 15.0
M = 10.0
M = 05.0
M = 00.0
Pr = 1.0, R
d
= 0.1,
1.1,
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
S
k
i
n
f
r
i
c
t
i
o
n
R
d
= 0.30
R
d
= 0.20
R
d
= 0.10
R
d
= 0.05
R
d
= 0.00
M = 2.0,
Pr = 2.0.
= 1.1,
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
0
4
8
12
16
R
a
t
e
o
f
h
e
a
t
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
R
d
= 0.30
R
d
= 0.20
R
d
= 0.10
R
d
= 0.05
R
d
= 0.00
M = 2.0, Pr = 1.0
= 1.1
a
b
a
b

and M=2.0 are shown in Fig 8(a)-8(b). We can observe
from these fig that as the Prandtl number Pr increases,
the skin friction coefficient decreases and rate of heat
transfer increases.

Fig 7.(a) Skin friction and (b) rate of heat transfer for
different values of surface temperature
w
with others
fixed parameters

different values of prandtl number Pr with others fixed
parameters

different values of magnetic parameter M with others
fixed parameters.

0 0.1 0.2 0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
S
k
i
n
f
r
i
c
t
i
o
n
= 3.2
= 2.5
= 1.5
= 0.5
= 0.0
M = 2.0,
Pr = 2.0.
R
d
= 0.1,
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
0
10
20
30
40
R
a
t
e
o
f
h
e
a
t
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r

= 3.2
= 2.5
= 1.5
= 0.5
= 0.0
Pr = 1.0, R
d
=0.1
M = 2.0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
S
k
i
n
f
r
i
c
t
i
o
n
Pr = 1.20
Pr = 1.10
Pr = 1.00
Pr = 0.90
Pr = 0.80
R
d
= 0.1,
M = 2.0.
= 1.1,
0.1 0.2 0.3
0
4
8
12
R
a
t
e
o
f
h
e
a
t
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
Pr = 1.20
Pr = 1.10
Pr = 1.00
Pr = 0.90
Pr = 0.80
M = 2.0, R
d
= 0.1
= 1.1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
S
k
i
n
f
r
i
c
t
i
o
n
M = 24.0
M = 15.0
M = 10.0
M = 05.0
M = 00.0
R
d
= 0.1,
Pr = 2.0.
= 1.1,
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3
0
4
8
12
R
a
t
e
o
f
h
e
a
t
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
M = 24.0
M = 15.0
M = 10.0
M = 05.0
M = 00.0
Pr = 1.0, R
d
= 0.1
= 1.1
a
b
a
b
a
b

IJSRET @ 2013
Fig 9(a)-9(b) show that skin friction coefficient
C
fx
increase and heat transfer coefficient Nu
x

decreases for increasing values of magnetic
parameter M while Prandtl number Pr = 1.0,
radiation parameter R
d
=0.1 and surface
w
= 1.1. The values of
skin friction coefficient C
fx
and Nusselt number
Nu
x
are recorded to be 0.14802, 0.13925, 0.13479,
0.13062 and 0.12671 and 0.32032, 1.77309,
2.50084, 3.17886 and 3.81215 for M=25.0,
15.0.10.0, 5.0 and 0.0 respectively which occur at
the same point = 0.19. Here, it observed that at
= 0.19, the skin friction increases by 14.39% and
Nusselt number Nu
x
decreases by 91.5% as the
magnetic parameter M changes from 0.0 to 25.0.

It is observed from fig 9(a) that the skin friction
increases gradually from zero value at lower
stagnation point along the direction and from
Fig 9(b); it reveals that the rate of heat transfer
decreases along the direction.

Table 1. Skin friction coefficient and rate of heat
transfer against x for different values of magnetic
parameter M with other controlling parameters Pr =
1.1, R
d
= 0.1 and
w
=1.5.

M=00.0 M=05.0
C
fx
Nu
x
C
fx

0.01
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.00658
0.01980
0.03305
0.04633
0.05965
0.07300
0.08639
0.09960
0.11324
0.12671
63.48390
21.45338
13.06291
9.47058
7.47655
6.20875
5.33190
4.68957
4.19897
3.81216
0.00659
0.01982
0.03313
0.04654
0.06007
0.07377
0.08764
0.10172
0.11604
0.13062
63.41940
21.32933
12.87775
9.22375
7.16750
5.83720
4.89605
4.18912
3.62373
3.17886

M=15.0 M=24.0
C
fx
Nu
x
C
fx
Nu
x

0.01
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.00659
0.01986
0.03328
0.04695
0.06094
0.07535
0.09026
0.10580
0.12208
0.13925
63.29037
21.08124
12.50440
8.72284
6.53464
5.06650
3.98158
3.12175
2.40231
1.77309
0.00659
0.01989
0.03343
0.04733
0.06175
0.07683
0.09277
0.10977
0.12809
0.14802
63.17418
20.85555
12.16537
8.26363
5.94766
4.34141
3.10502
2 07663
1.16700
0.32032

Numerical values of rate of heat transfer Nu
x
and skin
friction coefficient C
fx
are calculated from Equations
(13) from the surface of the vertical porous plate.
Numerical values of C
fx
and Nu
x
are shown in Table 1.

In the above table the values of skin friction coefficient
C
fx
and Nusselt number Nu
x
are recorded to be
0.14802, 0.13935, 0.13062 and 0.12671 and 0.32032,
1.77309, 3.17886 and 3.81216 for M=25.0, 15.0.10.0,
5.0 and 0.0 respectively which occur at the same point
= 0.19. Here, it observed that at = 0.19, the skin
friction increases by 14.39% and Nusselt number Nu
x

decreases by 91.5% as the magnetic parameter M
changes from 0.0 to 25.0.

V. COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS

In order to verify the accuracy of the present
work, the values of Nusselt number and skin friction
for R
d
= 0.05, Pr = 1.0, M = 0 and various surface
temperature
w
=1.1,
w
= 2.5 at different position of
are compared with Hossain et. al [10] as presented in
Table 2. The results are found to be in excellent
agreement.

Table 2. Comparison of present numerical results of
skin friction coefficient C
fx
and rate of heat transfer N
ux

for the values of prandtl number P
r
=1.0, radiation
parameter R
d
= 0.05, for surface temperature
w
=1.1
and
w
=1.5 without the effect of magnetohydridynamic
parameter with Hossain et al. [10].

w= 1.1
Hossain Present
C
fx
Nu
x
C
fx
Nu
x

0.1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.5
0.0655
0.1316
0.2647
0.3963
0.5235
0.6429
0.8874
6.4627
3.4928
2.0229
1.5439
1.3247
1.1995
1.0574
0.06535
0.13138
0.26408
0.39519
0.52166
0.64024
0.88192
6.48306
3.50282
2.03018
1.55522
1.32959
1.20347
1.06109

w = 2.5
Hossain Present
C
fx
Nu
x
C
fx
Nu
x

0.1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.5
0.0709
0.1433
0.2917
0.4423
0.5922
0.7379
1.0613
8.0844
4.2858
2.4003
1.7863
1.4860
1.1098
1.1098
0.07078
0.14313
0.29120
0.44145
0.59080
0.73590
1.05693
8.10360
4.29682
2.40669
1.78912
1.48991
1.31822
1.11262


IJSRET @ 2013
VI. CONCLUSION

For different values of relevant physical
parameters including the magnetic parameter M, the
effect of radiation on natural convection flow from a
porous vertical plate in presence of heat generation has
been investigated. The governing boundary layer
equations of motion are transformed into a non-
dimensional form and the resulting non-linear systems
of partial differential equations are reduced to local
non-similarity boundary layer equations, which are
solved numerically by using implicit finite difference
method together with the Keller-box scheme. From the
present investigation the following conclusions may be
drawn:
All the velocity profile, temperature profile and
the local skin friction coefficient C
fx
and the local
rate of heat transfer Nu
x
significantly increase
when the values of radiation parameter R
d

increase
As surface temperature parameter
w
increases,
both the velocity and the temperature profile
increase and also the local rate of heat transfer
Nu
x
and the local skin friction coefficient C
fx

significantly increases
For increasing values of Prandtl number Pr leads
to decrease the velocity profile, the temperature
profile and the local skin friction coefficient C
fx

but the local rate of heat transfer Nu
x
increases.
An increase in the values of M leads to increase
the velocity profiles and the temperature profiles
and also the local skin friction coefficient C
fx

increase but and the local rate of heat transfer Nu
x

decreases.

REFERENCES

[1] J. H. Merkin, Free convection with blowing and
suction, International journal of heat and mass
transfer, 15(1972), 989-999.
[2] H. T. Lin, W. S. Yu, Free convection on
horizontal plate with blowing and suction,
Transactions of ASME journal of Heat Transfer,
110(1988), 793-796.
[3] M. A. Hossain, K. Khanafer, K. Vafai, The
effect of radiation on free convection flow with
variable viscosity from a porous vertical plate,
International Journal of Thermal science,
40(2001), 115-124.
[4] M. A. Hossain, M. S. Munir, D. A. S. Rees,
Flow of viscous incompressible fluid with
temperature dependent viscosity and thermal
conductivity past a permeable wedge with
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convection flow along a vertical wavy surface
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Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh
University of Engineering and Technology
(BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh 2007.
[8] M. M. Ali, Numerical Study of Radiation on
Natural Convection Flow on a Sphere with Heat
Generation, M.Phil Thesis, Department of
Mathematics, Bangladesh University of
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[9] K. Vejravelu, A. Hadjinicolaou, Heat transfer in
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[10] Hossain M. A., Alam K. C. A., Rees D. A. S.,
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layer flow along a vertical porous plate.
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and
Engineering, 2(1997), 35-51.
[11] Hossain M. A., Alim M. A., Rees D. A. S., The
effect of radiation on free convection flow from
a porous vertical plate. International Journal of
Heat and Mass Transfer, 42(1999), 181-191.
[12] H. B. Keller, Numerical methods in boundary
layer theory, Annual Review of Fluid
Mechanics, 10(1978), 417-433.
[13] B. Claude, Diffusion Diffusion and Rosseland
approximation property of the boundary layer.
Tenth International Conference on Numerical
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[14] T. Cebeci, P. Bradshaw, Physical and
Computational Aspects of Convective Heat
Transfer. Springer. New York, (1984).

Effect of Radiation On MHD Natural Convection Flow From A Porous Vertical Plate

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T as the onset temperature. When the inlet

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