Exam 1 February 24th Answer Questions about the documentary (Frontline PBS The Storm 5 Bonus Points) To be turned

ned in next class The Second Founding At the Annapolis Convention, delegates decided to revise the Articles of Confederation. The outcome was to send the commissioners to Philadelphia to strengthen the Articles. Shays Rebellion sealed the fate of the Articles At the Constitutional convention (1787) delegates scrapped the Articles and wrote a new document called the constitution. Big debate over the true motives- lofty principles vs. economic interests Probably both The Main Controversies of the Constitutional Convention The Great Compromise The Virginia Plan- apportion according the population The New Jersey Plan- apportion equally The Compromise- Apportion House of Representatives by population and the Senate equally. Three-Fifths Compromise- Slaves count as 3/5 person Main Principles of the Constitutional Convention Bicameralism- two chamber Congress Electoral College- elects the president Separation of Powers- Three institutions sharing power Checks and Balances- each institution oversees the other Federalism- local and state governments and the federal government have distinct powers Bill of rights- added to prevent tyranny (to ensure proper treatment and to protect ones property) Bill of Attainder- cannot be convicted without a trial Ex Post Facto- cannot retroactively apply laws Separation of Powers Figure2.1 We the People 7th Edition Legislative- Pass Laws

WEEK 4 LECTURE 3 02/08/11

Executive- Implement Laws and reinforces the laws by making the necessary adjustments to the law. Judicial- can overturn what doesnt seem constitutional Figure 2.2 We the People The Legislative Branch Article I The House of Representatives- will be more influential on budget matters and are elected in every two years. The Senate- will be more influential in foreign affairs and are elected in every six years. Expressed Powers include right to levy and collect taxes, borrow money, regulate commercial activity, declare war, maintain an army and navy. The Executive Branch- Article II President elected by the Electoral College, whom were originally chosen by the states. The Vice President elected separately initially, then chosen by the president. VP first in line if president cannot serve and if neither can then congress is in charge. (Revised by Presidential Succession Act of 1947) Congress can impeach the president. The Judicial Branch- Article III Supreme Court Justices have lifetime appointments and are nominated by the President. Expressed powers include resolving conflicts between the federal and state government and between the states. Judicial Review establishes in Marbury v. Madison, gives the USSC the right to review all lower court decisions, all decisions of the federal and state government. National Unity and Power- Article IV- How do the states deal with each other? Full Faith and Credit Clause Privileges and Immunities Clause No mention of secession on the constitution Other Articles Article 5 - amendment process ( see in later in notes) Article 6 - The Supremacy Clause states that laws passed by the national government and all treaties are the supreme laws of the land and superior to all state laws. Article 7 - Ratifying the constitution required 9 of 13 states.

The Fight for Ratification The Federalists vs. the Anti-Federalists Table 2.1 We the People Amending the Constitution- Article v Figure 2.3 How has the constitution changed over time? Between 1789-1996 over 10000 amendments were offered in Congress but only 27 were ratified by the states Ratified amendments- prohibition of alcohol, womens right to vote, and repeal of prohibition of alcohol (only one passed by state conventions). Amendments not ratified- Titles of nobility Amendment, Corwin Amendment, Child Labor Amendment, Equal Rights Amendment.

Conclusion Does limiting government action inhibit effective government and diminish the ability to promote the principles of liberty, equality, and democracy?