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ahf/df hf]l8g] 6fG;km{/df k|fljlws
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5 . dfcf]jfbLn] PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL, g]kfnL sfFu;] | , g]skf Pdfn] / /fk|kfsf
;Defljt pd]bjf/nfO{ lgjf{rgdf efu glng cfu|x u/]sf] r]tfjgL kq z'qmaf/
k7fPsf] 5 . lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ldgf jfOjf / sfo{jfxs O~rfh{ ;'/z
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lbzfdf cl3 a9fpg] pNn]v ub}{ pDd]bjf/ ag]/ /fi63ftL lsQfdf gplegsf nflu
cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf kf]i6axfb'/
af]u6L, lxtaxfb'/ tfdf, ljdnf ;'jb] Lnufot @& hgfsf] gfddf sf6]sf] kq
sfof{no ;lrj gjLg k'8f;}gLnfO{ a'emfPsf] 5 . o:t} g]kfnL sfFu;] | sf s]lGb|o
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hgfsf] gfddf sf6]sf] kq lhNnf sf]iffWoIf km}l; tfdfnfO{ a'emfPsf] 5 . o;}u/L
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r'gfj k|r08 ;+s6df

sf7df8f}F . ;/sf/ / rf/ bnLo

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## bnLo df]rf{ / cGo /fhgLlts bnx
oyfj:yfdf r'gfj x'g g;Sg] / b]zsf]
jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6af6 kf/ kfpg
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d+l;/ $ d} lgjf{rg ug]{ cL s;]/
cufl8 a9] s f] 5 eg] g] s kf
dfcf]jfbL;lxtsf] ## bnLo df]rf{n] s'g}
klg xfntdf d+l;/ $ sf] lgjf{rg ;kmn
x'g glbg] pb\3f]if ul/;s]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/
/ rf/ bnnfO{ klg yfxf 5 ls g]skf
dfcf]jfbL;lxtsf] ## bnLo df]rf{nfO{
r'gfjdf ;xefuL u/fpg g;s] To;
r'gfjsf] s'g} cf}lrTo x'g] 5}g / r'gfj
u/fpg' g} cfsfzsf] kmn ;fljt x'g5
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lxFl8/x]sf 5g\ . vf;df rf/ bn klg
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hfg ;Sg] l:ylt 5}g, lsgls ljut

rf/ jif{df ;+ljwfg agfpg g;s]sf
pgLxn] hgtfnfO{ lbg] s'g} hjfkm 5}g .
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r'gfj rfx]g xfdLn] t clGtd ;do;Dd

sf]l;; u/]s} xf] eg]/ pDsg vf]lh/x]sf

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;Dd]ng ug{ tof/ x'G5g\ / km]l/ efF85\ g\ .
k'gM c;Gt'i6xnfO{ ;d]6g\ nlrnf] 5f}F
eGb} k'gM uf]nd]rsf] nflu tof/ ePsf]

;+ s ] t lbF b } 5 g\ . slxn] g] s kf
dfcf]jfbL;lxtsf] ## bnLo df]rf{sf]
dfux ;'Gg} g;lsg] atfpF5g\ eg] slxn]
pgLxsf] dfusf] ;Daf]wg ug{ tof/
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clVtof/sf]
5fglagdf j} B vfgf

sf7df8f}F . g]skfdfcf]jfbL;lxtsf]
## bnLo df]rf{n] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf
nflu ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf v]Ng /fi6klt
8f= /fdj/0f ofbjnfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf ;lrj b]j u'?sf] g]tT[ jdf
uPsf] t]QL; bnLo df]rf{n] /fi6klt 8f=
ofbjnfO{ e]6]/ uf]nd]rsf nflu
;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf v]Ng cfu|x u/]sf
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uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / /fli6o ;xdltsf
nflu ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf v]Ng cfu|x
u/]sf] e]6kl5 ;lrj u'?n] hfgsf/L
lbP . df]rf{n] cfgf] dfu k"/f gePkl5
afWo eP/ cfGbf]ngdf hfg'k/]sf] atfpFb}
dfu k"/f eP lgjf{rgsf] k|lqmofdf ;xefuL
x'g] /fi6kltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .
bnxaLrsf] ladltsf] ofqfnfO{ /fli6o
;xdltsf] dfu{lbg /fi6kltn] ;xhstf{sf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'k{ g]{ u'?sf] egfO lyof] .
;/sf/nfO{ k6sk6s ;xhstf{sf]
e"ldsf v]Ng cfu|x u/]klg ;/sf/n] rf;f]

sf7df8f}F . l;+xb/af/ j}Bvfgf

ljsf; ;ldltn] lgodljk/Lt gf}hgf
sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jf u/]sf] eGb} clVtof/
b'kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cg';Gwfg
yfn]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] tLg;b:oLo
kbk"lt{ ;ldltn] lgodljk/Lt kb
l;h{gf u/L a9'jfsf] lg0f{o u/]kl5
clVtof/n] cg';Gwfg yfn]sf] xf] .
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a9'jf;DaGwL ;a} sfuhkq dufPsf]
5 . kbk"lt{ ;ldltsf cWoIf tTsfnLg
k|aGw lgb]z
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:jf:Yo dGqfnosf k|ltlglw xf]t/fh
nD;fn / ;b:o;lrj uf]ljGb zdf{
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;ldlt sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjnL
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lgodfjnLdf sd{rf/Lsf]:t/ j[l4af/]
s'g} Joj:yf 5}g . s'g} klg sd{rf/Lsf]
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

gb]vfPsf] cf/f]k pgn] nufP . rf/

bnLo u7aGwg / ;/sf/n] uf]nd]r
;Dd]ng ug'k{ g]{ cfk"mxsf] dfu ;'gj' fO
gu/]sfn] /fHosf] clGtd csf] kdf
/fi6kltn] uf]nd]rsf nflu ;xhstf{sf]
e"ldsf v]Ng] cfzf df]rf{n] lnPsf] pgn]
atfP . hjfkmdf /fi6kltn] s'g ljlw /
k|lqmofaf6 cl3 a9\g] eGg] ljifodf cfk"mn]
5nkmn ug]{ atfpg'ePsf] ;lrj u'?n]
hfgsf/L lbP . /fi6kltn] lgjf{rgdf
;xefuL x'g / cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd lkmtf{
lnO{ jftf{af6} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{
df]rf{sf g]tfxnfO{ cfu|x u/]sf lyP .
jQmJosf] k"0f{kf7 o:tf] 5 d'ns
' sf]
ljBdfg ;+qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f / ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg G
a9fpgsf nflu xf]Og, G Joj:yfkg
ug{sf nflu x'gk' b{5 . k/Gt', $ bnsf
g]tfxn] !! a'bF ] ;Demf}tfdfkm{t\ Ps
kIfLo 9n] h;/L lgjf{rgsf] k|fof]hg
ul/Psf] 5, To;n] G ;dfwfg xf]Og,

pN6f] G lgDTofpg vf]hs

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o:tf] ;+qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf G
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/fhgLlts bnxsf] aLrdf /fli6o
/fhgLlts ;xdltsf] ljsNk 5}g .
k/Gt', $ bnsf g]tfx /fli6o
;xdltsf] dfu{sf] ljk/Lt lbzfdf
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;a} bnxsf] aLrdf uf]nd]r;efdfkm{t\
/fli6o ;xdlt sfod u/L ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
/ lgjf{rgnufotsf d'2fx ;Daf]wg
ug'k{ b{5 egL ## bnsf] tkm{af6 !*
a'bF ] k|:tfj lnP/ g]kfn ;/sf/ / $
bnsf g]tfx;Fu ut s]xL ;do
cufl8b]lv ;+jfbsf] dfu{ cjnDag
ul/Psf] lyof] . $ bn;Fusf] oxL ebf} ^
ut]sf] ;+afbdf ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:o
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c;f]h ( / !) ut] g]kfn aGb xtf/df lg0f{o gu/f},+ k'm;{bdf k5'tfpg'knf{

sf7df8f}F . g]skfdfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jsf]
## bnLo df]rf{n] ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfjsf]
pDd] b jf/L btf{ n fO{ nlIft u/L
aGbnufotsf cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd
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nlIft u/L g]skf dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jsf]
df]rf{n] c;f]h ( / !) ut] g]kfn aGb
3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . c;f]h !) ut]
k|ToIftkm{sf nflu pDd]bjf/L btf{ ug]{
sfo{kflnsf 5 . df]rf{n] ebf} !# ut]
/fi6kltnfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfpg], ebf} bf];f| ]
xKtf gful/s ;dfh / a'l4hLjL;Fu
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;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . c;f]h @ ut]
hgsk'/ / a'6jn, # ut] lrtjg /
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& ut] sf7df8f}F / kf]v/fdf alxisf/
;ef ug]{ df]rf{n] hgfPsf] 5 . ## bnLo
df]rf{sf] cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{qmd M ;j{nLo
uf]nd]r;efdfkm{t\ /fli6o ;xdlt sfod
u/L ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] cfof]hgf
ul/g'kb{5 egL ## bnLo df]rf{sf] tkm{af6
!* a'bF ] k|:tfj lnP/ g]kfn ;/sf/ / $
bnLo ;+oGq;Fu jftf{sf] k|lqmof z'? ul/Psf]

lgikIf ;dfrf/ / k|:6 ljrf/sf nflu

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klg laTg gkfpFb} ebf} * ut]sf] jftf{df
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jftf{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg;Dd klg tof/
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aLrdf /fli6o ;xdlt x'g glbg' b'Mvb
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cufl8 $ bnsf g]tfx?n] cfTd;dk{0f
u/]/ km]l/ klg /fli6o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL
rl/qsf] k|bz{g u/]sf 5g\ . o;
kl/36gfnfO{ ;f]xL lbg a;]sf] ## bnLo
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s'g} klg j:t' jf 36\gfqmdnfO{ x]g{ ]

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cl:tTjsf] GfTds dfGotf g} s'g} klg
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cfl:ts dflgG5 . ef}ltsjfbL b[li6sf]0fsf
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clgjfo{ cfjZos x'G5 . t/, cWofTdjfbL
b[li6sf]0fdf tYosf] cfjZo kb}g{ . k[YjL
kfgLdfly cl8Psf] 5, ;f]xj| 6f jfo'kv
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leGg} ljk/Lt w|j' df ljeflht 5 .
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ljifodf b'O{ leGgljk/Lt b[li6sf]0f t
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lyof] . t/, pRr:t/Lo /fhgLlts ;+oGqn] ljkIfLxsf] dfusf
ljifodf ;'g'jfO{ u/L ;dfwfg ug'{ t stf xf] stf pgLxsf]
dfukq k];df g} cfklQ hgfP/ PsfPs uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng efF8g\ ]
sfd eof], h'g b]z / hgtfsf] nflu 3fts ljifo xf] . pRr:t/Lo
/fhgLlts ;+oGqsf] If0fd} uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng ug]{ If0fd} efF8\g]
v]nn] cfdg]kfnL hgtfdf rf/ bn ;+s6 ;dfwfg ug{ xf]Og emg\
rsf{pg rfxG5g\ eGg] wf/0ff aGg k'u]sf] 5 . h'g eljiodf rf/
bns} nflu 3ftsl;4 x'g]5 . jt{dfg ;+s6k"0f{ cj:yfaf6
lgsf; kfpg uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngafx]s csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . b]zsf
;a} /fhgLlts bnx Ps} 7fpFdf a;]/ ;xL / 7f]; lg0f{o lnP/
dfq o; ;+s6af6 d'lQm kfpg ;lsG5, cGoyf l:ylt emg\ eofjx
x'g]5 . h'g l:yltaf6 b]z / hgtfn] t c;fWo} kL8f ;xg' g}
k5{ . To;af6 oL pRr:t/Lo /fhgLlts ;+oGqsf gfddf rf/
bnLo l;lG8s]6 nufpg] bnx klg kSs} aRg] 5}gg\ . b]z /
hgtfn] grfxPsf] r'gfjsf] gf}6s
+ L ub}{ ljb]zL k|ex' sf] lgb]z
{ gdf
cfk\mgf] :jfy{kl" t{sf lglDt tlD;Psf o:tf /fi63ftL, hg3ftL bn
/ ltgsf g]tfnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] s'g} xfntdf Tolts} 5f]8\g]
5}gg\ . t;y{, ljb]zL k|e'sf] Ozf/fdf :jfy{k"0f{ /fhgLlt ug{ ca
rf/ bnLo l;lG8s]6n] 5f8\gk} 5{ . /fi6, /fli6otf / g]kfnL hgtfnfO{
s]Gb|efudf /fv]/ ul/Psf] /fhgLltn] g} bn / g]tfxsf] klg lxt
u5{ . To;sf/0f jt{dfg ;+s6af6 kf/ nufO{ b]z / hgtfnfO{
d'lQm lbg] xf] eg] ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? Ps} 7fpFdf a;]/ 7f];
lg0f{o lng}k5{ . ToxL dfq clxn]sf] cr's ljsNk xf] . To;}n]
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngaf6 s'g} klg /fhgLlts bn of] jf Tof] jfxgfdf
efUg ldNb}g . uf]nd]r ;efsf] s'g} ljsNk 5}g, r]tgf eof .

;Nofgdf 6]lnd]l8l;g ;]jf

sf7df8f} F . ;Nofg lhNnf
c:ktfndf 6]lnd]l8l;g ;]jf ;~rfng
ul/Psf] 5 . pSt ;]jf ;~rfngaf6
la/fdLn] ;Nofgdf g} a;]/ kf6g
c:ktfnsf /f]u ljz]if1;Fu ;Nnfx
;'emfjsf ;fy} pkrf/ ug{ kfpg]
ePsf 5g\ . cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/
ePsfxsf nflu pkrf/ ;lhnf] xf];\
egL OG6/g] 6 dfkm{ t \ c:ktfnn]
6]lnd]l8l;g ;]jf ;~rfng u/]sf] xf] .
6]lnd]l8l;g ;]jfcGtu{t\ la/fdLn]
cfgf ;d:ofaf/] ;f]wk'5 ug's
{ f ;fy}
k'/fgf] l/kf]6;
{ d]t b]vfpg kfpg] ePsf
5g\ . Tolt dfq geP/ /f]u ljz]if1nfO{
vf]hL ub}{ lxF8g\ ' gkg]{ ePsf] 5 lhNnf
c:ktfnsf k|dv
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8fS6/n] la/fdLnfO{ 5'g dfq kfpFbg} g\ .
la/fdLnfO{ 5'g gkfP klg pgn]
l;sfPsf ljlwcg';f/ pkrf/ x'G5 .

OG6/g]6dfkm{t\ ;~rfng u/]sf] pSt

;]jfsf nflu kf6g c:ktfnsf /f]u
ljz]if1 sDKo'6/df k|ToIf b]lvG5g /
la/fdL klg . b'js
} f] k|ToIf s'/fsfgL
x'G5 . ;f] ;]jf ;~rfng u/]kl5
la/fdLsf] pkrf/df ;Fu} a;]sf
8fS6/nfO{ klg ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 .
ljz]if1s} ;Nnfxadf]lhd 8fS6/n] klg
sfd u5{g\ pgn] atfP . :jf:YosdL{
/jLGb| lji6n] pSt ;]jfn] lhNnfjf;LnfO{
w]/} /fxt x'g] atfP . /sd vr{
ug{g;Sbf pkrf/af6 jl~rt eO{
csfndf Hofg u'dfPsf w]/} 5g\ .
o;af6 cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/
ePsfnfO{ klg w]/} /fxt x'g] pgsf]
egfO 5 . lhNnf c:ktfnaf6 kfpg
g;Sg] ;]jfsf nflu dfq la/fdLn] ca
aflx/ hfg'kg]{ x'G5 pgn] eg] of] ;]jfn]
w]/} k|efj kfg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

/fatOfc t]u ^! f}be nf; )&)@

e|i6frf/ b]z ljsf;sf] afws

;g\ @)!@ df e|i6frf/ la?4sf]
cGt/fli6 o ;+ : yf 6 f G;k/] G ;L
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' df
u/]sf] ;e{]If0f tYof+sdf g]kfn
!#( cf}+ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . ljZjdf
a9L e|i6frf/ x'g] d'ns
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nuftf/ h;f] cu|kl+ Stdf /xFb} cfPsf]
tYof+sn] b]vfPsf] 5 . km/]g kf]ln;L
gfds cd]l/sL ;+:yfn] ;fj{hlgs
u/]sf] @)!# sf] tYof+sdf ljkmn
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:yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . e|i6frf/ la?4
;xsfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] cGt/f{li6o ;+:yf
6fG;k/]G;L OG6/g]zgn g]kfn Unf]an
s/K;g Jof/f]ld6/ -lh;LaL _@)!#,
@)&) c;f/ @% df sf7df8f}Fdf
;fj{hlgs tYof+sdf g]kfndf ;a}
eGbf a9L e|i6frf/ ug{df g]kfnsf
/fhgLlts bnx /x]sf] pNn]v 5 .
km/]g kf]ln;L ;+:yfn] ljkmn /fi6sf]
;" r sf+ s df ;+ o ' S t /fi6 ;+ 3 sf]
;b:otf k|fKt ;fj{ef}d d'ns
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;dfa]z u/]/ tof/ kf/]sf] km]N8 :6]6
-c;kmn /fHo _ lzif{df ;g\ @)!)
sf] tYof+sdf @^ cf}+ gDa/df /x]sf]
g]kfn ;g\ @)!! / @)!@ df qmd;M
@&, @& gDa/df /x]sf] 5 . c;kmn
/fi6sf] ;e]{If0f dfkg ;DalGwt
d'n'sn] xfl;n u/]sf] hg;f+lVos
bafa, dfgj clwsf/, zflGt ;'/Iff,
cy{tGq lu/fj6, afXo x:tIf]k,
c;dfg lasfz, ;'/Iff pks/0f, nf]s
;]jf nufotsf !@ leGg lzif{nfO{
cfwf/ agfP/ ;j]{If0f u/]sf] lyof]
.@)^@,^# sf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{g
kZrft /fhgLlts j[tdf PsLs[t
g]skf dfcf]afbL kf6L{sf tTsflng
pkfWoIf 8fS6/ afa'/fd e/fO{sf]
gfd lzif{ ;d"x dWo]df lng] ul/GYof] .
d'n's /fhgLlts ;qmd0fdf u'h|]/
clglZrttfsf] e'd/Ldf k/]sf] cj:yf
/ @! cf}+ ;tflAbnfO{ /fd|/L a'em]sf

;ftfsf] ax;
5q d}gfnL

e/fO{ k|lt gofF k':tfn] ?lr / cf:yf

b]vfpg' ;sf/fTds g} lyof] . cfd
hgdfg;n] 7'nf] cf:yf / e/f]zf
u/]sf kfq k"j{k|wfgdGqL 8fS6/
afa'/fd e/fO{ ;/sf/sf] e|i6frf/
z' G o ;xgzLntf cjwf/0ffn]
e|i6frf/df sld cfpnf eGg] laZjf;
w]/}n] u/]sf lyP . ha 8fS6/ e/fO{
g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g x'g k'Uof] .
z'?jftL lbgdf cfd ;j{;fwf/0fn]
dx;'; x'g] u/L sfd sf/afxL cfuf8L
a9fOof] . e|i6frf/L, sfnfahf/L,
clgoldttf ug{]x qfxL qfxL eP
t/ la:tf/} la:tf/} ;/sf/ ltgsf
cuf8L :vlnt x'Fb} sfd} gnfUg]
xltof/ h:tf] af]wf] ePsf] cfd
hgdfg;n] dx;'; ug{yfn] . k'g ltg}
au{sf] ar{Zj :yflkt x'g k'Uof] .
h;sf] kl/0ffd e|i6frf/df sld
cfpg' s f] ;f6f] df} n fpb} uof] ,
clgoldttf qmldskn] a9\b} uof] .
ltgdf clnslt k;]sf] 8/ e/ ;a}
x/fpb} k'gMklxn]s} cj:yfdf cjt/0f
eP . tTsflng cj:yfdf /fhg}lts
efua08f gldn]/ ;+aw} flgs lgsfodf
kbflwsf/L lgo'St gu/]/ k|foMz'Go
cj:yfdf /fv]sf lyP h;n] ubf{ Ps
xb;Dd clgoldttf a9\g] cj;/
kfof] . l9n} eP klg laafbsf aLr
cToGt dxTjk"0f{lgsfo clVtof/
b'kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]udf k|dv
'
cfo'St lgo'lSt kZrft k'jk{ w| fgdGqL
8fS6/ afa'/fd e/fO{ ;/sf/sf]
z'?jftL lbgsf] emNsf] b]lvg yfn]sf]
5 . z'?jftL sbd 8fS6/ e/fO{
;/sf/sf] klg tfl/km of]Uo lyof] eg]
gjlgo'St clVtof/ k|dv
' nf]sdfg l;+x

sfsL{sf] klg plQs} tfl/km of]Uo /

jfxLjfxL a6'Ng ;kmn x'Fb} uPsf]
b]lvG5 . h'g ultdf clVtof/n] cfgf]
sbdnfO{ cuf8L a9fPsf] 5 pSt
sbd uGtAo gk'Ub} g6'l+ uof]; eGg]
;a}sf] ck]Iff xf] . ;nfO{sf] sfF6L h:tf]
z'?jftdf Xjf/ Xjf/ an]/ lgd];d}
lgEg] h:tf] gxf]; . h'g k'jk{ w| fgdGqL
8fS6/ afa'/fd e/fO{ ;/sf/sf]
kfnfdf ePsf] lyof] . To; avt
;jf]R{ r cbfntsf] ;lqmotf XjfQ}
a9]sf] lyof] . s]lx e|i6frf/LxnfO{
h]nsf] af; u/fpg ;kmn ePsf]
lyof] . To;avt klg d'ns
' df sf]lx
5 eg] ;jf]{Rr cbfnt 5 eg]/
jflxjfxL a6'Ng ;kmn lyof] t/ la:tf/}
pSt jflxjfxL lalng x'bF } xfn clVtof/
b'kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u tkm{bl] vg
yfn]sf] 5 . cfd ;j{;fwf/0fsf] Wofg
clVtof/ tkm{ s]lGb|t x'bF } uPsf] 5 .
hglha|f]df em'08L;s]sf] 5 . ca
g]kfndf s;}n] u5{ eg] Tof] clVtof/
b'kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u g} xf] eGg
yfn]sf 5g\ . xf6 ahf/, lrofk;n,
e]63f6, ;fdflhs ;+hfn nufotdf
s'/fsfgLsf] laifo clVtof/n] rfn]sf]
sbd aGg k'us
] f] 5 eg] clwsf+z
k|ltlqmof clVtof/sf] sfdsf] k|zz
+ f
d} b]lvG5 . o;n] s] b]vfpF5 eg]
d'ns
' df ;lx sfd ug{;Sg] lg8/,
lgle{s, ;Ifd kfqsf] vfFrf] 5 h'g;'s}
/fhgLlts l;4fGtdf laZjf; /fVg]
hf] sf]lx ;DalGwt lgsfodf /x]/
lgikIf sfo{ ;Dkfbg u5{ eg] hgtfn]
ug{] cf:yf / ljZjf;df slxn] sld
cfpg] 5}g t/ JolStut :jfy{ Pad
blno :jfy{df 8'a/] unt sfo{ ;Dkfbg

ug{ k'U5g eg] To:tf hg3ftLx

nfdf] ;do l6Sg g;s]/ nf]k x'g
k'Ub5g . /fhgLlts ;+qmd0fsfn,
/fhgLlts 5q 5fofFdf e|i6frf/ s;/L
df}nfpFbf] /x]5 eGg] HjnGt pbfx/0f
b]lvb} 5 . e|i6frf/ dfkg d'ns
' sf]
s'n u|fx:y cfDbfgL, vr{, lasfz
cflbnfO{ cfwf/ dfGg] ul/G5 . aif]g{ L
lasfz lgdf{0fsf gfddf 5'lg] ah]6sf]
d'Nof+sg ug]{ xf] eg] e|i6frf/ s'g
k / slt kl/0ffddf x'g] ub{5 ;xh}
cg'dfg ug{;lsG5 . ;8s lgdf{0f
b]lv dd{t ;Def/df x'g] e|i6frf/,
lkr u/]sf] ;ftf glaTb} lkr pKs]/
vfN8f ag]sf 36gf ;fdfGo eO;s]sf
5g\ . 7'nf7'nf kl/of]hgfdf x'g]
3f]6fnf, 7'nf 7'nf k'n lgdf{0fdf x'g]
clgoldttf cflb k|df0fsf kdf
sfkmL 5 . ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]/
OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy sdfO{ ug]{ xf] /
jf:tljs hLjg ofkg ug{] xf] eg]
/fhwfgL nufotsf zx/L If]qdf
eAo dxn v8f ug{;Sg] x}l;ot
cf}n
+ fdf uGg ;lsg] afx]ssf kx'r
F df
k'Ug ;Sb}g . cfgf 5f]/f 5f]/LnfO{
dx+uf lglh :s'n, ljnfzL hLjg,
x}l;ot eGbf dflysf vr{df ;|f]t
vf] l hg' kb{ 5 . lautsf
k| w fgdGqLxn] klg e| i 6frf/
la?4df P]s4tf hgfpb} cfPsf
x'g\ . ;dfhaf6 e|i6frf/sf] h/f]
lsnf] pvfn]/ gofs];Dd e|i6frf/
pGd'ng gx'g], e|i6frf/ g} b]z
lasfzsf] afws xf] . e|i6frf/nfO{
;fdflhs alxisf/ ug'{ kb{5 .
Psflt/ eGg] ltgs} 5q 5fofFdf x'g]
e|i6frf/ df}nfP/ l;df gfbf ;d]t
yfxf gkfP h:tf] clego ug]x{ af6
s] g} ck]Iff ug{;lsG5 / < e|i6frf/
olb ;a}sf] ;d:of xf] eg] jt{dfg
;/sf/ d"n e|i6xnfO{ sf/afxL
geP;Dd /xg' g} plrt b]Vb5' .

uf]nd]r ;ef /fi6sf] cfjZostf

;+jw} flgs Joj:yf cg'k ;+ljwfg
;efdf k|ltlglwTj u/]sf /fhgLlts
bnx jLr ;xdtL x'g kg]{ Joj:yf
ePklg ;8)qmd0f sflng cj:yf
nDJofpFb} c;xh kl/l:yltsf] ;[hgf
ub}{ ToxL cj;/nfO{ kmfO{bf p7fpFb}
rf/ bnn] :j3f]lift k|dv
' sf] pkflw
u|x0f u/L ljb]zL zlQmsf] cflz{jfb
lnO{ clwgfosjfb tyf lg/+sz
' eO{
l;l08s]6 zf;g v8f u/]sf 5g\ .
l;ldt JolQmxsf] ldnf]dtf]df sf]7]
!! j'bF ] ;xdtL tyf @% j'bF ] jfwf
c8sfp k'msfp cfb]z hf/L u/L ;Qfdf
efuj08f ldnfO{ lgb{nLo ;/sf/ u7g
ul/ u/fO{ jt{dfg cj:Yfdf b]zsf]
zf;g Joj:yf ;~rflnt /x]sf] oyfy{
xf] . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg )^#
;j{;DdtLsf] ;xdtLnfO{ 5tf5'Nn kfb}{
rf/ bnLo !! j'bF ] /fhgLlt b:tfj]hnfO{
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] kdf v8f ul/
eljiosf] ;Qf :jfy{nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{
k|of;/t 5g .
rf/ bnsf] ;xdltaf6 lgjf{rg
ug]{ u/fpg] jfxfgfdf c;+jw} flgs tyf
cnf]stflGqs ljlwjf6 jfwf c8sfp
k'msfp cfb]z hf/L u/] kZrft klg
rf/ /fhgLlts bnn] :jfy{ k|]/Lt
eO{ ;dofg's'n rf/ bnLo b:tfj]h
jg]sf] jfwf c8sfp k'msfpnfO{
dgf]ut 9n] k|of]u ub}{ d'2fx
yk36 ub}{ jx'dt Nofpg] k|of;
ub}{5g . nf]stflGqs k2tL tyf
ljlwsf] zf;gsf] jlv{nfk cGtl/d
;+ljwfg jfwf c8sfp k'msfpsf] unt
JofVof ub}{ rf/ bnLo ;j{;Qfafb
tyf ;Qfdf efuj08fsf] Joj:yf
ldnfO{ sfnfGt/;Dd /hfO{ ug]{
sn'lift efjgf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
ljb]zL zlQmx ef/t ,rLg
,o'/f]lkog o'lgog tyf cd]l/sf
g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf k|efj /fVg]

sfo{df k|lt:kwf{ /x]sf] oyfy{ hu

hfx]/ 5 . ;f]xL cg'k cfk'm ;dly{t
/fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx dfkm{t
;+ljwfg ;efdf Ps klIfo Ph]08fx
hj/hl:t nfbg] tyf cfkmgf] kIfsf]
;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ u/fpg] k|oTg
ub} { 5 g\ . g] k fndf /fhgLlts
bnxsf] hgfwf/ geP kZrft
ljb]zL :jfy{ cg'k rNg] k|j[QL

pk]lIft eO{ ;s]sf hdLgL w/ftn

g/x]sf rf/ bnsf g]tfx bnfn
ky cLsf/ u/]sf x'Fbf g} ljb]zLsf]
sfFwdf r9]/ cfk'm 7'nf] ePsf] 3d08
b]vfO{ /x]sf x'Fbf cnf]stflGqs tyf
c;+j}wflgs sbd rfNb} rf/ bnn]
;j}nfO{ ;d]6g\ kg]{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
lgjf{rgdf g]skfdfcf]jfbL ;lxt ##
bnnfO{ k~5fpg] /0fgLtL 3fts x'g

ax;dfly ax;
ljhog/l;+x s];L
b] v fPsf] cj:yfdf ljz] i f
JolQmxnfO{ :jfut ;Ddfg tyf
dGq0ff u/L cfkmgf] Ph]08f j}wflgs
kdf kf; u/fpgsf nflu k/]sf
5g\ . t;y{ j}b]lzs zlQmxsf]
dGq0ff jdf]lhd lj/f]lw kIfnfO{
kG5fpg lgif]wsf] /fhgLlt xfjL
ePsfn] g} /fhgLlts bnx jLr
uf]nd]r ;ef ug]{ ;}4flGts ;xdtL
sf] k|ltj4tfnfO{ cgfofz jLr}df /2
u/]sf 5g\ . ljb]zL zlQmxn] jt{dfg
cj:yf ;Dd 7'nf] dfqfdf u/]sf]
nufgLsf] nfefFz lng tyf cfkmgf
bnfnxsf] kl/If0f / d'Nofg
ug{sf nflu lgjf{rg pko'Qm 7fg]/
g} d+ l ;/ $ sf] lgjf{ r gnfO{
k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf x'bF f lgjf{rgsf
nflu ;dy{g tyf bjfj lbO{ /x]sf
5g eGg] ljZn]if0f ul/G5 .
;+ l jwfg ;efsf] lgjf{ r gdf
;xefuL eO{ hg rfxgf jdf]lhdsf]
;+ljwfg jgfpg rfxg] ## blno df]rf{
k|ltkIf zlQmn] !* j'bF f d'2f dfkm{t
lgsf; lbO{ /fhgLlts ;xdtLdf
cfpg] k|of;df rf/ bn ljb]zL
zlQmsf] k|efjdf k/]sf sf/0f u}/
lhDd]jf/ x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . hgtfaf6

;Sb5 . ljb]zL zlQmsf] cf8df em'6

/ e|dsf] v]tL u/]/ hgtfnfO{ 9fF6\b}
c;+jw} flgs tyf cnf]stflGqs ljlw
dfkm{t rf/ blno lg/+s'z tyf
clwgfosjfb rl/qn] /fhgLlts
;xdtLsf] j]jf:tf ub}{ pknlAw ljlxg
lgjf{ r g ug] { u/fpg] / ;Qfdf
ljutdf c;kmn ePsf rf/ bnn] g}
j}wflgs sJhf hdfpg] if8oGqsf]
b':;fx;sf] kl/0ffdsf] lhDd]jf/ tyf
hjfkmb]lxtf rf/ bn tyf jt{dfg
;/sf/n] lngkg]{ x'G5 .
rf/ /fhgLlts bnn] of] j'emg
klg h?/L 5 ls g]skfdfcf]jfbL
;lxt ## bnxnfO{ k~5fpFg ;Sg]
cj:yf 5}g . /fli6o :jfwLgtf /
cnf] s tflGqs k| w fgGofofwL;
;/sf/sf] lj?4 x'g] hgcfGbf]ngsf]
zlQmsf] cuf8L rf/ bn / r'gfjL
;/sf/nfO{ sfFwdf /fVg] ljb]zLsf]
cfFvf ;d]t lt/ld/fpg] 5 eGg] s'/f
x]Ssf /fVg h?/L 5 . ljutsf]
;+ljwfg ;ef pknlAw ljlxg tyf
;'lgof]lht lj37g ul/P kZrft
hgftfsf efjgfdf s'7f/f3ft ePsf]
5 . ctM c;kmn tyf ljb]zL bnfn
ePsf rf/bnsf g] t fxsf]

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email: adhyatmayog@hotmail.com

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hlt;'s} k|efjL aGg vf]h]tf klg
hgtfsf] 7"nf] lx:;f To; k|sf/sf]
;+zf]wgjfbsf] lj/f]w / qmflGtsf/L
dfS;{jfbL wf/fsf kIfdf v8f /xL
cfPsf 5g\ . g]kfnL wtL{ qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lgi6xsf nflu w]/} dlnnf] /xL
cfPsf] 5 . t/ klg ;du|tfdf g]skf
dfcf]jfbLn] g]t[Tj ub}{ cfPsf]
qmflGtsf/L wf/fn] PSn} gofF g]kfnL
hgjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ cj:yf
5}g . clxn] /fli6o :jflwgtf w/fkdf
kl//x] s f] cj:yf 5 . /fli6 o
:jflwgtfsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ pTsif{df
k'ofpg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . o;sf]
b]zeQm, hgjfbL Pj+ /fi6jfbL
k|ultzLn zlQmx / ;+3Lotf kIf3/
aLrsf] ;+oQ
' m /fhglts df]rf{nfO{
alnof] agfpFb} n}hfg'sf] ljsNk 5}g .

Pdfcf]jfbL sfFu;
]| , Pdfn] / dw]zL df]rf{ aLrsf] rf/bnLo l;lG8s]6
kZrufdL jf oyfl:yltjfbL ;+oQ
' m df]rf{ xf] eg] g]skf dfcf]jfbLdf
;+rflnt ## bnLo u7aGwg cu|ufdL ;+oQ
' m df]rf{ xf] . oL b'j}
ljkl/t df]rf{ x'g / cf cfkm\gf df]rf{xnfO{ alnof] agfpFb} n}hfg]
/0fgLltdf 5g\ . kfZrufdL tyf oyfl:yltjfbL df]rf{ ;Qf sAhf u/]/
a;L/x]sf] 5 / ## bnLo df]rf{nfO{ sDhf]/ agfpg], kfvf nufpg],
PSNofpg] /0fgLltdf nflu /x]sf] 5 .
--g]kfnL wtL{ qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6xsf nflu w]/} dlnnf] /xL cfPsf] 5 . t/
klg ;du|tfdf g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] g]tT[ j ub}{ cfPsf] qmflGtsf/L wf/fn] PSn}
gofF g]kfnL hgjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ cj:yf 5}g . clxn] /fli6o
:jflwgtf w/fkdf kl//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . /fli6o :jflwgtfsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{
pTsif{df k'ofpg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . o;sf] b]zeQm, hgjfbL Pj+ /fi6jfbL
k|ultzLn zlQmx / ;+3Lotf kIf3/ aLrsf] ;+oQ' m /fhglts df]rf{nfO{
alnof] agfpFb} n}hfg'sf] ljsNk 5}g .

/fatOfc t]u ^! f}be nf; )&)@

dw]zdf d[ut[i0ffsf] /fhgLlt

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cem :yfloTj kfPsf] 5}g . /fhf,
sf+u;
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kfpFkh
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ub}{ ;Qf :jfy{ k"lt{ ub}{ cfPsf
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klg gyfSg] dw]zL g]tT[ j ca tLg
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;dfg'kflts dtsf] nf]edf kxf8tkm{
kf6L{ lj:tf/ ub}{ nlu/x]sf 5g\ . bf];f| ]
wf/sf g]tfx cfh klg 7"nf bn /
ljb]zLnfO{ ;Gt'ng k'hf ub}{ PsLs/0f
/ d'2f 5gf}6df nfu]sf 5g\ . t];|f]
wf/sf g]tfx cfcfkm\gf] sfndf
u/] s f e| i 6frf/nfO{ n' s fpg /
sfg"gaf6 hf]lug kf6L{ kl/Tofu /
kf6L{ PsLs/0fsf] /fhgLlt ug{
yfn]sf 5g\ . ;Qfdf 5Fbf cfkm\gf]
d" N odfGotf / d' 2 fnfO{ la;] { s f
nf] e LkfkL g] t fxn] clxn]
clVtof/af6 hf]lug dw]zjfbsf]
afSnf] 8;gf cf]9\g yfn]sf 5g\ /
sltko t dfcf]jfbL kf6L{d} k|jz
]
u/]sf 5g\ . ;du|df ljleGg bnaf6
dw] z lsQfdf /fhgLlt ug{
cfPsfx cfcfkm\gf] JolQmut :jfy{
k" l t{ ul/;s] k l5 cfk" m cufl8
b] l vPsf] /fhgLlts cF W of/f] a f6
hf]lug d[ut[i0ffsf] /fhgLltdf nfu]sf
5g\ . bftfxsf] bafasf sf/0f
slxn] PsLs/0f t slxn]
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g]tfxsf] ;femf eljio cFWof/f]df
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ug{ ;kmn sltko dw]zL bnx ca
kxf8sf u/La, blnt, cflbjf;L /
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kxf8tkm{ nDsg yfn] s f 5g\ .
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kfPkl5 sltko dw]zL g]tfx kxf8
wfpg yfn]sf] s'/f ;a}n] a'em] x'G5 .
dw] z cfGbf] n gkl5 zlQmsf]
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;Qf:jfy{ / b|Jo df]xsf sf/0f dw]zL
bnxn] dw]zL hgtfsf] ljZjf;
u'dfO;s]sf 5g\ . d+l;/ $ df
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km]l/ ;Qfdf cfpg dw]zL bnx;Fu
r'gfjdf hfg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . ca
r'gfjdf hfg] s;/L eGg] s'/f oL

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5 . JolQmjfbL, hfltjfbL, cj;/jfbL
rl/q b]vfO;s]sf dw]zL bnsf
g] t fx cfcfkm\ g f] /fhgLlts
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t' N ofPsf] 5 . dw] z L bnsf
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hfg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . ljutdf ;Qf,
k};f / g]t[Tjsf nflu k'm6]sf bnx
clxn] cfP/ nfh} gdflg Plss/0fsf]
s'/f ub}5
{ g\ . s'/f gu/f];\ klg s;/L
pgLx;Fu c? s'g} ljsNk klg t
5}g . dw]zL bnx PSnfPSn}
r'gfjdf hfg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . ToxL
eP/ ljut b'O{ jif{bl] v dw]zL bnx
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g]tfx hlt;'s} Plss/0fsf s'/f
u/] klg ;kmn x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
olb g]tfxdf ljutsf] k'm6 k|jl[ Q
ablnPsf] eP clxn];Dd Plss/0f
klg eO{ ;SYof] . t/, o;f] x'g ;s]sf]
5} g . dw] z L bnxn] Psflt/
PsLs/0fsf] s'/f ub}5
{ g\ eg] csf]l{ t/
;+u7g lj:tf/df nfu]sf 5g\ . cem\
;+u7g lj:tf/nfO{ a9L dxTj lbPsf
5g\ . o:tf] ultljlwn] st} pgLx
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5}gg\ eg] z+sf plAhPsf] 5 . olb
o;f] xf] eg] ljleGg kIfx x'g
;S5g\ . dw] z L bnsf 7" n f
g]tfxdWo] clwsf+z clVtof/sf]
5fglagdf k/] s f 5g\ . o:tf]
cj:yfdf k'm6]/ cufl8 al9of] eg]
clVtof/n] ;dfpg ;Sg] 8/n] klg
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dw]zL bnx .
bftf l/emfpg] k| o f;
dw]zjfbL bnx cfkm\gf hgtf,
7"nf kf6L{ / bft[ lgsfonfO{ l/emfpgsf
nflu Plss/0fsf] gf6s ul//x]sf
5g\ . d'2f eGbf klg kb Kof/f] /x]sf]n]
dw]zL kf6L{xaLr PsLs/0f ;Dej
gePsf] xf] . sltko dw]zL bnx
cfk;df Pstf gug]{ t/, dw]z Ot/sf
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hf]8b\ } a;]sf 5g\ . x'g t dw]zL
g]tfsf lgldQ of] 7"nf] s'/f] xf]Og .
7"nf bnaf6 rf]Ol6P/ dw]z lsQfdf

/fhgLlt ug{ cfPsfx 7"nf bnnfO{

dw]z lj/f]wL eg]/ dw]z dt hDdf
kf/] . r'gfjdf ljhoL ePkl5 ltg}
7"nf bn sf+u;
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kfpFkh
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hgtfnfO{ kxf8LnfO{ wkfpg' k5{ eg]/
prfNg]x sf7df8f}d+ f ltg} kxf8L;Fu
ck| f s[ l ts;DaGw hf] 8 ] / ;Qfdf
al;/x] . olb sf+u;
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dw]z lj/f]w lyof] eg] dw]zL bnx
ltgLx;Fu ldn]/ ;Qfdf lsg uP <
slxn] 7"nf bn, slxn] dw]zL hgtf,
slxn] ljb]zL zlQm t slxn] ;QfnfO{
l/emfpFb} / e'mSofpFb} ;+;bLo /fhgLlt
ub}{ cfPsf dw]zL bnx ca k'gM
aflx/L zlQmsf] bafadf Plss/0fsf]
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kf6L{xaLr Plss/0fsf] k|k~rsf
af/] tdnf]kfsf dxfdGqL tyf k|jQmf
;j]G{ b|gfy z'Snf eG5g\ Plss/0fsf]
OdfGbf/ k|of; eO/x]sf] 5}g, s;}nfO{
b]vfpg / ;'gfpgsf lgldQ aflx/L
ldl8ofxdf k|rf/jfhL dfq} x'bF 5
} .
tdnf] k f / ;b\ e fjgfaLrsf]
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Pstf ug]{ / afFsL dw]zL bnnfO{ lgif]w
ug]{ leqL dgzfo af]sL Plss/0fsf]
k|rf/afhL u/]/ b]zLljb]zL zlQm /
hgtfnfO{ l/emfpg] k|of; ub}{5 .
kmf] / d g] k fn / tdnf] k faLrsf]
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nf] s tflGqs Plss/0feGbf klg
kxf8lt/ ;+u7g lj:tf/ ug]{ / kxf8L
jr{:jsf] /fhgLlts zlQm;Fu ;fF7ufF7
u/L r'gfjL /0fgLlt tof/ ug]{ sfo{df
nfu] . ;b\ e fjgf -;l/tf lu/L_,
tdnf]kf g]kfn -dx]Gb| /fo_, /fli6o
;b\efjgf -/fdg/]z /fo_ aLrsf]
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gldNbf >L u0f]z g} x'g ;s]g . ;+3Lo
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kf6L{ sxfF, s;/L, s'g txdf / sf]
;Fu hfg ;lsG5 jf s;n] cfk"m;Fu
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5g\ .
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cj:yf
dw]zL hgtf;Fu u/]sf afrfx

k"/f ug{ g;s]/ k'gM dw]zd} hfg

;Sg] cj:yf g/x]sf sf/0f klg
sltko dw]zL g]tfx ;fd"lxs kd}
dg]{ jf afFRg] /0fgLltsf txt cfsif{s
gf/f / t'R5 ;f]rsf ;fy PsLs/0fsf]
k|of;df h'6s
] f 5g\ . dGqL kbsf
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cg' x f/ lnP/ dw] z df uP klg
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clwsf+z bnx df]rf{aGbL u/]/ hfg
rfx] s f 5g\ . dw] z L hgtfsf
;jfnxsf plrt hjfkm lbg ;Sg]
sfo{ / x}l;ot g/x]sf sf/0f klg
cfk" m n] u/] s f] dw] z lj/f] w L
lqmofsnfkdf cGo dw]zL bnn] k|Zg
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dw]zL hgtf em'Sofpg] k|k~r
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hgtf;Fu ul/Psf afrfaGwgx
la;]{/ 7"nf bnsf kfpFk"hf ub}{
l;+xb/af/sf] kl/qmdf ul/a;]sf
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} L
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;'s} ;Demf}tf u/L dGqfno xTofPsf
dw]zL g]tfxn] u/]sf lqmofsnfk /
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ubf{ dw]zL hgtf cfk"mnfO{ 7luPsf]
kfP . dw]zL kf6L{x lsg / s;sf
nflu k' m 6] eGg] k| Z gsf hjfkm
k'm6\gx] ;Fu klg /x]g . ljutsf 5
jif{df dw]zsf lgldQ s]xL ug{ g;s]sf
dw] z L g] t fx ca dw] z hfg
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;lsof] eg] ;a} vfnsf a]Odfg,
e|i6frf/L / dw]zL lj/f]wLx ;femf
kdf dw]z hfg kfpFbf s]xL xft
nfUg ;S5 ls elg lbjf :jKgsf
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} eg]
csf]{tkm{ ;xofqL kf6L{s} g]tf tyf
sfo{stf{ y't/] cljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f
agfOFb}5 . s;}n] cfk"mnfO{ Pstfsf]
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ul/g] ;Dk" 0 f{ a} 7 sdf cfkm\ g f
pkl:ylt b]vfpg kl5 kb}g{ g\ dw]zL
kf6L{ x . t/, leqL dgb] l v
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/ hgtfnfO{ Ps;fy e'mSofpg
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rf] / , 8fF s f, e| i 6frf/L / dw] z
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a;Gtn] agfP x]lnsK6/

sf7df8f}F . eStk'/ a:g] /fd]5fksf]

d]ukf{ lk'/L uflj; * sf @& jif{sf
a;Gt >]i7n] cf7 dlxgf nufP/
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cf7 dlxgfb]lv tfynL * Oyfrfdf a:b}
cfPsf >]i7n] x]lnsf]K6/ agfP/
tfynLsf] cUnf] 7fpFaf6 k/LIf0f u/]sf
x'g\ . df]6/;fOsndf k|of]u x'g] !@%
l;;Lsf] b'Oj{ 6f OlGhg h8fg u/]/
agfOPsf] Pe/]i6 sf]K6/ aLP; !(*

gfdsf] x]lnsK6/df @ hgf;Dd a:g

ldN5 . o;df !) ln6/ k]6f n
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nfv %) xhf/ k}ofF vr{ nfu]sf]
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To;}n] kfOn6 k9]/ hxfh p8fpg] dg
lyof], cfly{s cefjn] kfOn6 k9\g kfOg,
t/ cfh x]lnsK6/ agfP/ p8fpg
;kmn eP pgn] eg] . clxn];Dd

x]lnsK6/ / xjfOhxfh r9\g;Dd

gkfPsf a;Gtn] cWoog s} e/df of]
;kmntf kfPsf] bfaL u5{ . of]
df]6/;fOsnsf] OlGhg h8fg ul/Psf]
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6jf{Og OlGhg h8fg u/]/ 7"nf] x]lnsK6/
agfpF5' pgn] eg] . @)^) ;fndf
P;Pn;L kf; u/]kl5 pgn] sf7df8f}s
F f]
u'?s'n cf]kg :s'naf6 cfOP:;Lsf]
cWoog l;WofP . kfO6n eP/ xjfO{
hxfh p8fpg rfxGy], To;}n] l;jfgL
Po/df ;a} k/LIffdf gfd klg lgsfn]F
t/ kl/jf/sf] cfly{s Ifdtfn] gu:Eofpg]

ePkl5 lstfaL 1fgsf e/df x]lnsK6/

agfpg h'6,F ] cfh ;kmn ePF a;Gtn]
atfP . ;'?df pgn] x]lnsK6/ agfpg
nfu]sf]af/] s;}nfO{ klg hfgsf/L lbPsf
lyPg . k};f lyPg, ;fyLx;+u Jofkf/
ug{k' of] eg]/ C0f lnP/ PsfGt 7fpFdf
sf]7f ef8fdf lnP/ x]lnsK6/ agfpg
yfn], ;fyLxn] PsxKtf cl3 dfq} yfxf
kfP, cfdfa'afnfO{ t lxhf] dfq kmf]g
u/]/ eg]sf] x'F >]i7n] eg] . ;fdfGo
ls;fg kl/jf/df hGd]sf >]i7sf]
;kmntfaf6 kl/jf/ / cfkmGt dfq
b+u / v';L 5}gg\, Oyfrfsf :yfgLox
klg 5Ss k/]sf 5g\ . afa'cfdfn]
kmf]gaf6} /fd|f] u/]; eg]/ cfzLjf{b
lbPsf] atfpb} a;Gtn] ;/sf/L tyf
u}/;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 ;fdfg dfq}
pknAw u/fP g]kfn d} 7"nf x]lnsK6/ /
xjfOhxfh agfOlbg] bfaL u/] . s] ug{
nfu]sf] eGbf ;fdfGo s'/f xf] eGYof],
cflv/Ldf x]lnsf]K6/ kf] agfPsf] /x]5
:yfgLo xf]d >]i7 eg] . x]lnsK6/sf]
k/LIf0f p8fg x]gs
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geO{ laleGg :yfgaf6 dflg;x cfPsf
lyP . of] x]lnsf]K6/ PGhfOn k|ljlwaf6
;~rfng x'g] ePsfn] o:tf] k|lalw g]kfnd}
klxnf] ePsf] a;Gtsf] bfjL 5 .

ko{6g ljz]if
sf7df8f}d+ f rGb|dfsf] rfg k|bz{gL
sf7df8f}F . sf7df8f}dF f klxnf] k6s rGb|dfsf] rfg k|bz{gdf /flvPsf]
5 . Pe/]i6 ;fOG; ;]G6/n] cd]l/sL cGtl/If ;+:yf gf;fsf] ;xof]udf
/fli6o ;ef u[xdf # ca{ &% s/f]8 jif{ k'/fgf] rfg;lxtsf] lj1fg
k|bz{gL u/]sf] xf] . k|bz{gL Ps dlxgf;Dd rNg] cfof]hs ;+:yfn] hgfPsf]
5 . cGtl/Ifdf klxnf] k6s kfOnf 6]Sg] cd]l/sL cGtl/IfofqL lgn
cfd{:6sf] hGd / :d[lt lbj;sf] dlxgf kf/]/ rGb|dfsf] rfg g]kfn
NofOPsf] lyof] . gf;faf6 NofOPsf] of] rfgnfO{ ;'g;/Ldf /x]sf] Pe/]i6
;fOG; ;]G6/df /flvPsf] lyof] . rfgsf af/]df ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg
tyf lj1fg / k|ljlwsf If]qdf ePsf gofF cflj:sf/sf af/]df hfgsf/L
u/fpg sf7df8f}Fdf k|bz{gLsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;]G6/sf] egfO{ 5 .

ko{6s 36\g glbg] ;/sf/sf] k|ltj4tf

sf7df8f}F . l;hg ;'? x'g] a]nf xjfO{ ;'/Iffsf sf/0f ko{6s cfudg
v:sg nfu]sf] eGb} ;/sf/n] rf;f] b]vfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] /fli6o
Wjhfafxssf] ;]jf /fd|f] gePsfn] ;fgf ljdfg Nofpg] tof/L eO/x]sf]
;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s pog dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . dGqfnosf
cg';f/ xjfO{ dfu{sf] If]q lj:tf/sf] nflu ef/t;Fu cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 5 .
clxn] ef/tn] Pp6f dfq dfu{ eP/ p8fg eg{ lbPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{
ko{6ssf] cfjthfjtdf ;d:of eO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnaf6 hfgsf nflu w]/}
dfu{ eP klg cfpg] dfu{ Pp6f dfq x'bF f ;d:of k/]sf] dGqfnosf k|jStf
df]xgs[i0f ;fksf]6fn] atfP . o:t} cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yn Pp6f dfq}
ePsfn] ljsNkdf e}/xjfdf ljdfg:yn agfpg k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf]
5 . To;sf nflu 6]08/ cfXjfg ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] k|jStf ;fksf]6fn]
hfgsf/L lbP . ;u/dfyfdf hfg] ko{6ssf nflu cfwf/ lzlj/ agfpg]
tof/L klg eO/x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] :yfgLo sfdbf/ / ko{6ssf] ;xof]uLsf]
?kdf pRr 7fpFdf sfd ug{ sfdbf/sf] ladf klg bf]Aa/ agfPsf] 5 .
zx/L If]q / ko{6sLo uGtJox?df ko{6snfO{ ;'/Iff lbg em08} @ ;ohgf
ko{6s k|x/L v6fOg] ko{6g dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .

/ftf] df5f nf]k x'b }

vf]6f . vf]6fsf] a/fxkf]v/Ldf kfOg] /ftf] df5f nf]k x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .
a/fxkf]v/L uflj;sf] kf]v/Ldf kfOg] ;+;f/s} b'n{e /ftf] df5f ;+/If0fsf]
cefjdf nf]k x'bF } uPsf] xf] . :yfgLo jfl;Gbfn] ;fFemsf] ;dodf n'sLl5kL
df5f dfg]{ u/]sf] / kfgL xfF;n] klg vfg] u/]sf sf/0f a/fxkf]v/Ldf ePsf
/ftf] df5f x/fpFb} uPsf] xf] . b'n{e /ftf] df5f ;+/If0fsf nflu :yfgLo
s]6fs]6Lx?n] u'nn
] L k|of]u u/L xfF; wkfpg] k|of; u/] klg kof{Kt gePsf]
k~rsGof o'jf Snj af/fxfkf]v/L * sf ;lrj e/t du/n] atfpg'eof] .
rf/}lt/ kxf8 / aLrsf] pkTosfdf /x]sf] kf]v/Ldf 6f9faf6} /ftfDo df5f
v]nL/x]sf] b]Vg ;lsG5 . ##) ld6/ nDjfO / @!) ld6/ rf}8fO /x]sf]
a/fxkf]v/L lsgf/df xl/af]wgL PsfbzL, afnfrt'b{zL, df3] ;+qmfGtL,
lza/flq / /fdgjdLdf d]nf nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfs} k|d'v ko{6sLo
:ynsf ?kdf lasf; ug{ ;lsg] a/fxkf]v/L ljsf;, ;+/If0f / ;Da4{gsf]
cefjdf cf]em]ndf k/]sf] 5 .

;}lgs sNof0fsf/L sf]ifdf @% ca{

sf7df8f}F . g]kfnL ;]gfn] abln+bf]
/fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o kl/l:yltnfO{
dWogh/ ub} { yk Jofj;flos,
ultzLn / tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/LnfO{
z;St kdf k' / f ug{ ] Wo] o n]
bLw{ s fnLg of] h gfnfO{ yk
kl/dfh{g;lxt sfof{Gjog ul//x]sf]
5 . ;]gf ;'b[9Ls/0f u'? of]hgf@)^&_ df yk kl/dfh{g;lxt nfu'
ePsf tL bL3{ s fnLg of] h gfdf
;] g fnfO{ yk Jofj;flos,
cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ tflnd, cfGtl/s
;7g ;dfof]hg, ;}lgs s'6gLlts,
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg, ljsf; lgdf{0f,
sNof0fsf/Lnufotsf If] q df
cNksfnLg, dWosfnLg / bLw{sfnLg
of]hgfnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
;}lgs hg;Dks{ lgb]z
{ gfnof/f
cof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ;}lgs
k|jQmf ;xfos/yL ;'/z
] zdf{n] g]kfnL
;]gfnfO{ yk Jofj;flos agfpg
bL3{sfnLg of]hgf sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf]
hfgsf/L lbP . ;}lgs sNof0fsf/L
sf]ifdf c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf ?= @%
ca{@# s/f]8 @ nfv /sd /x]sf]
kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hfgsf/L lbOof] .
lj=;+ @)#@ df ?= Ps s/f]8 @$
nfv ! xhf/af6 sf]ifsf] ;~rfng
;'? ePsf] lyof] . ;}lgs P]g @)^#
tyf lgodfjnL @)^% cg'k sf]if
;~rflnt /x]sf] 5 . zflGt ;]gfdf
efu lnPjfkt, a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxdf lgIf]k ul/Psf /sdaf6
k|fKt ePsf Jofh, k]6f]n kDkaf6
k|fKt cfly{s ;xof]u, kl/jf/ cfjf;
ef8f, jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfnaf6
ljleGg zLif{df k|fKt /sd g} sf]ifsf]
cfo;|f]t /x]sf] 5 . sf]ifsf lgb]{zs
;xfos /yL wlgbf; sfsL{n] sf]ifaf6

cf}ifwf]krf/, lzIff, lgj[lQe/0f,

cfly{s ;xof]u, kl/jf/ cfjf;u[x,
k|fs[lts k|sf]k /fxt, ;}lgs ;]jf
s]Gb| :yfkgfnufotsf sfo{qmdx
;~rfng eO/fv]sf] hfgsf/L lbP .
cufdL jif{sNof0fsf/L ;]jf ;'ljwfnfO{
gf] k|fl] km6 gf] n; sf] cjwf/0ffaf6
;~rfng ug{ gLlt lnOPsf] 5 .
gLltnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;}lgs
sNof0fsf/L af]8{ :yfkgf ug]{ of]hgf
cufl8 ;fl/Psf] 5 . kqsf/
;Dd]ngdf ;xfos /yL sfsL{n] ;]gf
:jf:Yo lj1fg ;+ : yfgnfO{
k"0f{sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg], jL/]Gb|
c:ktfnsf] zof a9fpg], lzIffsf]
u'0f:t/df j[l4 ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf]
hfgsf/L lbP . sf]ifaf6 cfufdL jif{
k|zf]lwt lkpg] kfgL KnfG6sf] :yfkgf
ug{, clS;hg KnfG6sf] Jofj;flos
pTkfbg ;'? u/L lalqm ljt/0f ;'?
ug{, ljsf; lgdf{0fdf k|of]u x'g]
ljikmf]6s kbfy{ pTkfbg ug{ jf6/
h] n KnfG6 :yfkgfsf nflu
sfo{cufl8 a9fpg] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
hfgsf/L lbOof] .
axfnjfnf tyf cjsfzk|fKt
;}lgssf >Ldfg\>LdtLsf nflu
jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfndf pkrf/ x'g
g;Sg] u/L /f]u nfu]df k|ltJolSt
?= !) nfvsf] :jf:Yo ladf sfo{\/d
;~rfng, &) jif{ pd]/ gf3]sf
cjsfz k|fKt ;}lgs tyf ltgsf
>LdtLnfO{ h]i7 ;}lgs sNof0fsf/L
lgj[ l Qe/0f sf] i fsf] ;' ? jft
ug{ n fluPsf] kqsf/ ;Dd] n gdf
hfgsf/L lbOPsf] lyof] . xfn
sNof0fsf/L sf]iff/f ;~rflnt ;ft
;}lgs dxfljBfno / Ps ;}lgs
ljBfno ;~rflnt /x]sf5g\ .

/fatOfc t]u ^! f}be nf; )&)@

afRg] ls dg{] <

of] ebf}sf] dlxgf, kfgL kbf{ zLtn

/ gkbf{ ;xg} g;Sg] vfnsf]
pvdf{pnf] xKxkL udL{ 5 . hldgdf
htftt} emf/kft, jg:kltsf] h+un
/ emf8L . o:t} a]nfdf x'G5 htftt}
;k{sf] laulauL . ljiffn' ;k{sf]
8;fOaf6 w]/s
} f] csfndf Hofg hfg]
;Defjgf klg x'G5 of] dlxgfdf . 7Ls
oxL ;dodf g]kfnsf k|foM ;a}
c:ktfndf ;k{bz
+ sf] cf}iflwsf] cefj
5 . xfd|f s'g} klg bofn' ldq jf
;xof]uL b]zn] cefuL g]kfnLn] ;k{sf]
8;fOaf6 csfndf Hofg u'dfpg
gk/f];\ eg]/ PlG6:g]se]gd\ lbPsf
5}gg\, zfob lb"bg} g\ klg xf]nf . To:tf
5g\ xfd|f ljb]zL dgsf/L lxt}ifLx
of] udL{sf] cGTo / hf8f]sf] z'?jft
ug{, knfpg] ;+qmd0fsfnLg dlxgf klg
xf] . df};ddf x'g] km]/abnn] zf/Ll/s
kl/jt{gdf klg c;/ kf5{ g} .
k|sl[ tsf x/]s hLjhGt' / jg:kltdf
o;sf] k|efj b]lvg' :jfefljs} xf] .
To;}n] dfG5]df efO/nsf] k|sf]k v'a}
km}lnG5 . ?3fvf]sL nfUg], cf"vf kfSg],
n' t f] , 3df} / f / vl6/f cfpg] ,
emf8fkvfnf nfUg] / Hj/f] cfpg],
OG;]nfOl6; / d]g]GhfOl6;h:tf
/f]u oxL dlxgfdf b]lvG5g\ . :j:y
cfxf/, laxf/ / cf/fd;"u} lglZrt
cf}iflw / :ofxf/;';f/sf] h?/t kg]{
a]nf xf] of] . cefuL g]kfnLsf nflu
Tof] ;a} sxf" ;Dej 5 / < 5}g .
oxf" t vfgf, gfgf / 5fgfs} ;d:of
5 . Oltxf;df xfdL cl3 x'"bf kl5
/x]sf] b'lgofF clxn] pl5g]/ sxf"af6
sxf" k'lu;Sof], xfdL cem} pxLF 5f}F .
xfdL cfkm}Fn] gu/]/ o:tf] ePsf] x}g,
xfd|f] k'k/{' f]df efjLn] cefuL n]lvlbP/
klg xf]Og, ug{ vf]Hg]sf] af6f] :jb]zL
/ ljb]zL zq'n] 5]lslbP/ xf] . cfgf
x' s ' d sf u' n fdsf cf8df xfd| f
6fpsfdf ljb]zL a}/Ln] 6]lslbP/ o:tf]
ePsf] xf] . csd{0o, k/lge{/, bnfn
/ s'sdL{ zf;ssf cf"vfn] cfg}
b] z df s] x L u/] / b] v fpg /
cfTd;Ddfgsf] dfgf] vfg' e Gbf
ljb]zLn] kmfn]sf] snf]df cfgf] enf]
b]lvlbP/ o:tf] ePsf] xf] . ;fpg]
clgsfnn] ;tfOPsf / c;f/sf]
af9Lklx/f]n] p7Laf; u/fOPsf
afh'/f, bfr'{nf, s~rgk'/, s}nfnL,
hfh/sf]6 / sfnLsf]6lt/sf b}jL
k|sf]k kLl8t / u/La hgtfnfO{

g/gf/fo0f cfq]o

ebf}df klg a:g] af; / vfg] uf;

5}g . g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]nf ls eGg]
cfz d/]sf] klg 5}g . To;}n] xf/u'xf/
dfUg sf7df8f};
F Dd k'U5g\ lar/fx
clgsfn / af9Lklx/f]n] gnu]/
aF"r]sfnfO{ dfg]{ xltof/ lsGg] ah]6
x' G 5 l;+ x b/af/;" u , lgd' v f
g]kfnLdfly s'zf;g ug]{ g]tf 5fGg]
r'gfj ug]{ ah]6 klg x'G5, 7"nf g]tf
/ dflnsnfO{ cfsfzdf p8\ g ]
x]lnsf]K6/ / xjfOhxfh lsGg] ah]6
x'G5, dtkq 5fKg / dtk]l6sf ;a}
7fp"df k'ofpg] ah]6 klg x'G5 t/
ef]s / /f]un] ubf{ sfnsf] d'v}df
k'u]sf g]kfnLnfO{ arfpg vfBfGg /
cf}iflw lsGg / b'u{d ufp"df nu]/
lbg ah]6 x'"b}g xfd|f] ;/sf/;"u .
gff g]kfnLnfO{ gfgf / a]3/af/nfO{
5fgf agfOlbg] ah]6 klg x'"b}g xfd|f]
;/sf/;"u . o:tf] 5 xfd|f] ;/sf/
g]kfnL hgtfn] agfPsf] eP kf]
g]kfnLnfO{ dfof uYof]{ xf]nf . ljb]zLsf]
5gf]6df k/]sf], cfb]z dfGg tof/
ePsf], k"/} k/fwLg eO;s]sf] / clt{
dfGg elt{ ePsfn] :jljj]sn] sfd
ug{ klg ;Sb}g lg g]kfnLk|lt v'a}
bofn' / dfofn' b]lvg], ;fSv} x'g
dlxg} l kR5] g] k fn cfO/xg] /
6]lnlehgsf kbf{af6 ;xfg'el" t k:sg]
ljb]zL;"u klg ef]sf g]kfnLnfO{ vfgf,
gffnfO{ gfgf / a]3/af/nfO{ 5fgf
agfOlbg] ah]6 5}g . t/ g]kfndf
kmnfgf] ldltdf o:tf] lgjf{rg ug{k' 5{
/ To:tf] ;+ljwfg agfpg'k5{ g]kfnsf
nflu o:tf] ;+3Lotf rflxG5 / p:tf]
zf;gk|0ffnL x'g'k5{ eGg / To;}sf]
nflu ;xof]u ug]{ ah]6 hlt klg
/x] 5 . To;} n ] clxn] slyt
dfgjclwsf/sf] /Iff, lgjf{rgsf]
lgikIftf, cfrf/;+lxtfsf] cg'udg
/ d"Nof+sg, lgjf{rg ko{jI] f0fsf nflu
tflnd, uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/, 5nkmn,
dtbftf lzIff cflb s]s] xf] s]
s]sf nflu ah]6 lbg]sf] cf]O/f] 5 .
;x/ahf/sf tf/] xf]6n ;a} 6gf6g
5g\, sfo{qmdx wdfwd rln/x]s}
5g\ / lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf ltg}sf]
w'O/f] 5 . ;lbof}Fb]lv ldn]/ a;]sf
g]kfnleqsf hfthfltdf ljefhg
Nofpg] , If] q If] q df cx+ s f/ /
ljv08gsf] ljif 5s{g,] wd{kl/jt{g

ug]{ u/fpg], ef}uf]lns / df}lns Pstf

vNaNofpg], ;lbof}b+ l] vsf] ;fdflhs
;b\efj layf]Ng], /fli6o cv08tf /
;fj{ e f} l dstfh:tf] ;+ j ] b gzLn
ljifodf ;d]t ljefhgsf] aLpm
/f]Kg]sf] dxfdf/L 5 . o:tf] a]lylt
/f]Sg] sfd st}af6 klg ePsf] 5}g,
a? a9fpg] s } vflt/bf/L 5 .
c/fhstf / cJoj:yf, j}dg:otf /
c:tJo:ttf, cfk;L s6'tf / qm"/tf,
;Qfk|flKtsf nflu ljb]zelStdf
k' m Nb} , kmNb} / km} l nb} 5 xfd| f ]
nf] s tflGqs u0ftGq o:tf]
nf]stfGlqs u0ftGqsf] uGtAosf]
nIf\o sxf" k'Ug] xf]nf < g]kfnL eStsf
ljb]zL eujfgxnfO{ klg yfxf xf]nf
ls gxf]nf x" < b'bz
{ s klxn];Dd xfd|f]
b]zaf6 vfBfGg lgof{t x'GYof], cfh
cfoft ug{k' 5{ . g]kfnLn] v]tL gu/]/
/ kl;gf gaufP/ To:tf] ePsf] xf]Og,
u/]sf] v]tLdf pTkfbg a9fpg]eGbf
36fpg] cyf{t\ df6f] laufg]{ dn /
/f] u pGd' n g ug{ ' e Gbf km} n fpg]
ljiffbLsf] nx/ km}nfOlbPkl5 s;sf]
s] nfU5 < nfUb}g . Tolta]nf sk8fdf
em08}em08} cfTdlge{/ eO;s]sf]
lyof] g] k fn, x] 6 f+ } 8 f / cGo
sf/vfgfaf6 sk8feGbf klg nkm8f
pTkfbg ug]{ /f]u ;NsfOlbPkl5 cfh
k"/} k/lge{/h:tf] 5 . h'6, h'Qf, O"6f,
lrgL, r'/f]6, l;d]G6, sfuh, wfuf],
;fa'g / la:s'6df klg cfTdlge{/
x'g} nfu]sf] lyof] xfd|f] b]z, cfh To:tf]
5}g . lghLs/0fsf gfddf ljb]zLs/0f
ub}{ lkmlhs/0f u/fOof] . s'g}a]nf
cdn] v u~h;Dd /] n rNYof] /
x]6f}8F faf6 /f]kj] -ljB'tLo af6f]_ dfkm{t\
sf7df8f+;
F Dd dfn;fdfg k'ofOGYof],
cfh Tof] ;a} x/fof] / czf]s n}n0] 8
/ 6f6fsf] 6 s n] vfof] . clxn]
s'v/' fsf] df;'df cfTdlge{/ eO;s]sf]
lyof] xfd|f] b]z, ca Tof] cj:yf
/x] g . k" j { s f] sf" s 8lefaf6
blIf0fL;Ldf k"/} ;d]6]/ klZrdsf]
dx]Gb|gu/;Dd jf/L g]kfnlt/sf ;a}
7fp"sf g]kfnLsf s'v'/fsf vf]/df
a8{n" nfUg], 7\ofSs} kf/LkLsf
ef/tLo e"ldsf s'v'/fsf vf]/df
a8{n"n] slQ klg g5'g] ePkl5
s;sf] s] nfU5 < nfUb}g . sf7df8f},F
eStk' / , nlntk' / , sfe| ] ,

dsjfgk'/lt/sf g]kfnLsf vf]/df

kflnPsf ;a} s'v'/f a8{n"sf /f]uL
t/ Tot}lt/ ldq/fi6sf ldqnfO{
;fem]bf/ agfP/ kfn]sf s'v'/fhlt
;a} lg/f]uL o:tf] crDd x'G5 oxf" .
cfh;Dd xfd|f] b]z e"kl/j]li7t eg]
klg cfsfzj]li7t lyPg . lqe'jg
cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:ynsf] ljsf; /
lj:tf/ ug]{ lhDdf ef/tLo sDkgLnfO{
glbFbfsf] kl/0ffd ef]Ub} ljb]zL 7"nf
hxfh cjt/0fdf k|ltaGw nufP/
cfsfzj]li7tsf] cg'ej a6'Nb}5
g]kfn . /gj]df vfN8fv'N8L kg]{sf]
/x:o /x:od} 5 . ;Qfsf] ;f"rf] ;'Dk]/
c3f]lift cf}klgj]lzs ;/sf/ ef]Ub}5
g]kfn . To;}n] l;+xb/af/n] ;k{bz
+ sf]
cf}iflw lsg]/ c:ktfnnfO{ lbg ;Sb}g,
bfr'{nfsf af9Lklx/f] kLl8tnfO{
/fxt lbg lgb]z
{ g lng'k5{ / afh'/fsf
ef]sd/L kLl8tnfO{ cGg k'ofpg
klg blIf0fsf] cg'dlt rflxG5 .
cg'dlts} nflu cfj]bg lnP/ lbNnL
bf}8g] l;NnL, sfd gug]{ g]kfnLn] ca
;k{sf] 8;fOaf6 pkrf/ gkfP/
dg{'k5{ . af9Lklx/f] / ef]sd/L
kLl8tn] klg vfgf, gfgf / 5fgf
gkfP/ dg{'k5{ . czSt / c;xfon]
ca csfndf dg'{sf] ljsNk 5}g .
af"Rg dg eP lbNnL wfpg';,\ geP
dg{';\ . clxn] g]kfnel/ b'O{j6f
dxfdf/Lsf] k|sf]k v'a} km}nfOPsf] 5 .
a8{n" / lgjf{rgn" . Ps}lt/af6
k|If]lkt b'a} n"dWo] Pp6fn] g]kfnsf
k+IfLhGo hLj ;vfk kfb}{5 eg]
csf]{n] dfG5]nfO{ le8fP/ lu"8fpg]
tof/L u/fp"b5
} . k|fof]lht lgjf{rgdf
efu lng]xn] t 3f]liftkd} cfgf
u]6f{kf]dfkm{ cfk;df le8nfg\ g},
alxosf/jfbLn] klg le8\g] af6f] to
ub}{5g\ . glthf s] xf]nf < s;}nfO{
yfxf 5}g . g]kfnL cfkm}Fn] cfk;df
ldn]/ ;xdltdf ;+ljwfg ;ef;lxt
:yfgLo lgjf{rg u/fpg] df}sf kfPsf
eP r'gfj hg;/f]sf/sf] ljifo x'GYof]
xf]nf, k|fof]lht x'gfn] ufp"3/lt/ plt
;/f]sf/ b]lvPsf] 5}g lsgls b'a}n]
ef]sf g]kfnLnfO{ cGg lbP/ ;f/L
k/]sf] k]6nfO{ 6Gg kfg]{ xf]Ogg\ . cf]t
gePsfnfO{ 5fgf, gffnfO{ gfgf /
/f]uLnfO{ cf}iflw lbg] klg xf]Ogg\ .
r'gfjsf gfddf eP gePsf sfnf
t'; cf]sn]/ ;Snf dfG5]nfO{ e";
agfpg] x'g\ . tkfO" s] x'g] <

dn]l;ofdf cj}w sfdbf/lj?4 sf/jfxLsf] tof/L JjfOk|m]08sf] 7]ufgf atfpg] P]kdfly aafn
SjfnfnDk'/ . dn]l;ofn] cfgf]
d'ns
' df /x]sf sl/a % nfv ca}w
lab]zL sfdbf/lj?4 clxn];Ddsf]
;j}eGbf 7"nf] sf/jfxLsf] tof/L yfn]sf]
5 . cfhb]lv ;'? x'g] of] cleofgdf
sl/j Ps nfv #% xhf/ ;'/IffsdL{
kl/rfng ug] { tof/L eO/x] s f]
dn]l;ofsf] b}lgs klqsf b :6f/n]
hgfPsf] 5 . cWofudg laefusf]
g]tT[ j x'g nfu]sf] of] ck/]zgdf k|x/L,
xltof/wf/L ;'/IffsdL{, /]nfnufotsf]
kmf];{ kl/rfng ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 .
u}/sfg'gL ljb]zL sfdbf/sf] u9sf
?kdf lrlgPsf SjfnfnDk'/, ;]n] u/,
k]gf / hf]xf]/afx?sf d'Vo :yfgdf
5fkf dfg]{ tof/L ul/Psf] ;dfrf/df
pNn]v 5 . o;/L kqmfp kg{] ca}w
lab] z L sfdbf/x?nfO{ tTsfn}
;DalGwt d'ns
' lkmtf{ k7fpg] tof/L
eO/x]sf] 5 . dn]l;ofdf /x]sf !@
j6f cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ /fVg] lx/f;tsf]
Ifdtf hDdf !@ xhf/ hgfsf] /x]sf]
/ kqmfp ul/PsfnfO{ /fVg] 7fpF cefj
x'g] ePsfn] tTsfn} l8kf]6{ ug]{ tof/L
eO/x]sf] 5 . b'O{ jif{cl3 dn]l;of
;/sf/n] ;'? u/]sf] 3/ kms{ jf
a} w flgs xf] p cleofgcGtu{ t
afof]dl] 6s k|0ffnLdf btf{ eP klg
To;kl5sf k|s[ofdf ;fd]n geO{
ca} w flgs?kd} a;] s f lab] z L
sfbf/nfO{ nlIft u/L of] cleofg
;+rfng ug{ nfluPsf] cWofudg

laefusf dxflgb]z
{ s bft's cln;
cxdbn] hfgsf/L lbP . 3/ kmsf{pg]
k|s[ofnfO{ lta|tf lbg ;DalGwt
d'ns
' sf /fhb"tfjf;nfO{ b|t" ultdf
6fen 8s'dG] 6 hf/L ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf]
pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . ca}w?kdf a;]sf
kfFr nfvdWo] clwsf+z O08f]gl] ;og
/x]sf] s]xL dfqfdf a+unfb]zL, g]kfnL,
ad{n
] L / leotgfdL klg /x]sf] pgn]
hfgsf/L lbP . ca}wflgs sfdbf/nfO{
;dfTg] sfd d';f] / la/f]nf]sf] h:tf]
v]n x'g;Sg] eGb} pgn] cleofg tLg
dlxgf;Dd rNg] ePsfn] pgLx? s'g}
klg xfntdf n'Sg g;Sg] bfjL u/] .
a}wflgs eP/ sfd ug{ jf 3/ kmls{g
Ps aif{sf] cltl/St ;do lbFbflbFb} klg
pgLx?n] c6]/ u/]sfn] ca an k|of]usf]
lasNk gePsf] cxdbn] atfP . ca}w
lab]zL sfdbf/nfO{ sfddf nufpg]nfO{
% nfv l/+u6] ;Dd hl/jfgf / @)
aif{;Dd s}b x'g;Sg] cxdbn] r]tfjgL
lbP . cj}w cfk|jf;L sfdbf/nfO{
dn]l;ofn] lbPsf] cfddfkmLsf] ca;/nfO{
;b'kof]u ub}{ sl/j #$ xhf/ g]kfnL
afof]dl] 6s k|0ffnLdf btf{ ePsf lyP .
To;dWo] clwsf+z 3/ kmls{g] jf oxLF
a}wflgs eP/ a:g] k|so[ fdf ;fd]n ePsf
lyP . To;kl5 klg g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf;n]
k6sk6s ;" r gf hf/L ub} {
ca}wflgs?kdf a:b} cfPsf g]kfnL
gful/snfO{ a}wflgs aGg] k|so[ fdf ;fd]n
x'g cfu|x ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] .

sf7df8f}F . cd]l/sfsf] /fli6o

;'/Iff Ph]G;Ln] ljb]zdf hf;';L ug{]
gfddf cfgf] b] z nfO{ lgzfgf
agfPsf] eGb} a|flhnaf;L cfqmf]lzt
ag]sf 5g\ . ljz]ifu/L uf]kgLo
/flvPsf] cd] l /sfsf] hf;' ; L
sfo{qmddf caf}{ ;+Vofdf kmf]g sn /
Od]n /]s8{/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . ha
u' K t kdf k| ] d Lk| ] l dsfsf kQf
nufpg] s'/f cfpF5 ta pRr k|ljlw
ePsf ;a} xltof/n] df}sf lbg]
ub{5 . u'un Kn] P]k :6f]/df of] 3fts
;6j] o / x6fpg' c l3 a| f lhnsf
sDtLdf klg bz xhf/n] JjfOk|m]08
6}s? gfdsf] of] df]afOn P]k cfgf]
:df6{kmf]gdf 8fpgnf]8 ul/;s]sf
lyP . sof}n] u'unsf] of] df]afOn
P] k / uf] k gLotf pNn+ 3 g;F u
;DalGwt u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . u'gf;f]
ug]{xsf cg';f/ of] df]afOn P]ksf]
k|of]u cj}B c;'nL / s;}sf] lk5f
ug]{ sfddf klg x'g] ub{ . a|flhnsf]
l/of] lb h]g]l/of] lgjf;L dl;{of
cnd} 8 f $& jif{ s L 5g\ . ;ft
jif{cl3 pgsf] ljjfx aGwg 6'6]sf]
xf] . pgL elG5g\ a|flhlnog k'?if
O:of{n' x'G5g\, d o;df s] eGg
;S5' < lgZro klg of] df]afOn P]k
nf]slk|o x'g] qmddf 5 . cd]l/sfsf]
/fli6o ;'/Iff Ph]G;Lsf] hf;';L
sfo{qmd;Fu t'ngf ug{] ljifodf
dl;{of elG5g\ of] Pp6f cnu

k|sf/sf] hf;';L xf] . tkfOF{ o:tf]

dflg;dfly gh/ /flv/xg' ePsf]
x'g]5, h;nfO{ tkfOF{ glhsaf6
lrGg'xg' 5
] , g ls p s'g} k/fO{ x'g5
] .
JjfOk|m0] 8 6s
} / Pp6f o:tf] df]afOn
P]k xf] h'g Psk|sf/af6 tkfOF{sf]
kf6{ g /sf] vNtLdf hf;' ; L ug{
/flvG5 . hf;';L ul//x]sf] JolStn]
cfgf] kf6{ g /sf] nf] s ] ; g;F u
;DalGwt ck8]6 lng ;Sg' of] P]ksf]
v'aL xf] . o;n] k|fKt ug{] Dof;]hsf]
Pp6f 8'lAns]6 skL;d]t cfgf]
df]afOndf dufpg ;Sb5 .
of] df]afOn P]kdf o:tf] sdf08
klg 5 h'g kf6{g/sf] kmf]g;Fu :jtM
kmf]g ub{5 . o;sf] dfWodaf6 hf;';L
ul//x]sf] JolSt cfgf] kf6{g/sf]
s' / fsfgL ;' G g ;Sb5 . of] ; F u
ldNbf]hN' bf] P]k o'/f]k / cd]l/sf;lxt
cGo
b] z df
:df6{ k mf] g
k|of]ustf{xaLr rln/x]sf] 5 . t/,
of] P]ksf] ljifodf a|flhndf eg] ljjfb
ePsf] 5 . of] ljifodf ljjfb x'g]
a|flhn klxnf] d'n's xf] . a|flhndf
cd] l /sfsf] hf;' ; L sfo{ q mdsf]
ljifodf klg cfqmf]zsf] dfxf]n 5 .
P8j8{ : gf] 8 ] g n] v' n f;f u/] k l5
a|flhnn] cfgf] Ps k|ltlglw d08n
cd]l/sf klg k7fPsf] 5 . u'unsf
k|jQmf lugf hf]G;gn] eg] sDkgLsf]
gLltcg';f/ of] P]k x6fpg'sf] ljifodf
s]xL atfPgg\ . Ph]G;L

k[YjLsf k|f0fL d+unu|xaf6 cfPsf] bfaL

sf7df8f}F . k[YjLdf cl:tTjdf /x]sf k|f0fL tyf jg:ktLsf] vf; pTklQ
k[YjLdf geP/ d+un u|xdf ePsf] cd]l/sL j}1flgsn] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ .
lhjsf] pTklQsf nflu cfjZos tTj s]jn d+un u|xsf] ;txdf dfq
/x]sfn] clxn] k[YjLdf /x]sf lhjsf] lap d+un u|xaf6} k[YjLdf cfPsf]
bfaL tL j}1flgssf] /x]sf] 5 . e"ue{;foglj :6]e]g a]g/sf cg';f/ of]
a|Dxf08df ;'?df d+unu|xdf lhjsf] pTklQ ePsf] / d+unu|xaf6 5'lPsf]
ljzfn pNsf;Fu} tL lhj k[YjL;Dd cfOk'us
] f x'g\ . ;a}eGbf klxn] lhjsf]
pTklQ x'gsf nflu cfjZos 7flgPsf] df]lnA8]gd tTjsf] clS;8fOH8
k d+un u|xdf /x]sf] tYo g} cfgf] bfaLnfO{ k'li6 ug{ kof{Kt /x]sf]
lhls/ pgsf] /x]sf] 5 . k|fWofks a]g/n] cfgf] o; ;DalGw zf]wkqnfO{
cf;Gg j}1flgs ;Dd]ngdf k|:t't ub}{5g\ . pgn] d+un u|xdf clxn] klg
lhjsf] pTklQ x'gsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ jftfj/0f sfod /x]sf] x'g;Sg]
ljZjf; ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . Ph]G;L

ws k'msfP/ ?g'sf kmfOb} kmfObf==

sf7df8f}F . ws k'msfP/ ?Fbf dg xn'+uf] x'G5, kL8f sd x'G5 clg
lztn x'G5 . ?g'sf] nfe s]jn ?g] dfG5]n] dfq cg'e't ug{;Sg] ePklg
;fdfGo a'emfOdf ?g'nfO{ ;fdflhs, zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s kdf /fd|f]
dflgFb}g . t/ dgf]j}1flgsxn] eg] ws k'msfP/ ?g'sf ljleGg vfn]
kmfObf x'g] atfPsf 5g\ . ?g'sf kmfObf o:tf 5g\ M ?Fbfv]l/ aUg] cfFz'n]
cfFvfsf] b[li6 Ifdtfdf ;'wf/ NofpF5 . slxn]sfxLF cfFvfdf l8xfO8;
] g x'bF f
b[li6 wldnf] x'G5 . To:tf] a]nfdf cfFzn
' ] cfFvfsf] lemNnLdf kfgLsf] kof{Kttf
l;h{gf u5{ / xfdLn] k|i6 b]Vg ;S5f}F .
cfFz'n] cfFvfnfO{ ;kmf ug{;d]t d2t u5{ . cfFvfdf ljleGg vfn]
lhjf0f' /x]sf x'g ;S5g\ . cfFz'df x'g] lhjf0f' k|lt/f]wL tTjn] lhjf0f' gi6
ul/lbG5 . cfFz'df lhjf0f' gfzs nfO;f]hf]d gfds tTj x'G5 .m: ?gfn]
tgfjaf6 w]/} xb;Dd d'lSt ldN5, rfx] Tof] Ifl0fs g} lsg gxf];\ .
dflg;sf] efjgfTds cfFzn
' ] ;/L/df tgfj l;h{gf ug{ xd{gsf] pT;h{ sd
u5{ . ;fdfGo cfFz'df (* k|ltzt kfgL x'G5 . t/ efjgfTds cfFz'df
tgfjsf] xd{g ;d]t ldl;Psf] x'G5 . cfFz'df s]xL ljiffSt kbfy{ klg
x'G5g\ . To;}n] cfFvfaf6 cfFz' lg:sFbf ;/L/leq /x]sf To:tf ljiffQm
kbfy{ ;d]t lg:sf;g ug{ ;xof]u k'U5 .
cfFvfdf hng ePsf] a]nf cfFz' aUof] eg] hng sd x'G5 . lgoldt
kdf ?g] afgLn] pRr /Strfk, df]6f]kg tyf dw'dx] h:tf ;d:of;Fu
h'Wg] Ifdtf a9\g] lj1x atfpF5g\ . lgs} tgfj tyf b'Mvk"0f{ cj:yfaf6
u'lh|/x]sf] cj:yfdf ws k'msfP/ ?gfn] zflGt ldN5 / kL8fdf dnxd
nfu]sf] dx;'; x'G5 . To;}n] ca n's/] xf]Og dHhfn] b]vfP/} ?g'xf];\ . ?g'
sdhf]/Lsf] k|lts xf]Og :jf:Yo nfe ug]{ tl/sf klg xf] Ph]G;L
kIfLxsf] aw ug{] tyf df;'sf] pkef]u ug{] k|j[lQdf kl/jtg{ u/f+} .
a8{km\n' h:tf k+IfLhGo /f]uxsf] lgoGq0fdf ;xefuL agf}+,
cfk"m klg arf}+ ;dfhnfO{{ klg arfcf}+ .
kG5Lxsf] aw 3/ aflx/ kfgLsf] ;|f]teGbf 6f9f ug{] u/f}F .
s'v'/f sf6]kl5 e'O{ /fd|f];Fu kvfNg]k'5\g] -lg;+qmd0f_ u/f}+ .
aw ul/;lsPsf] s'v/' f tyf sfrf] df;'sf] nkk;af6 afnaflnsfxnfO{{
6f9} /fvf}+ .
df;' sf6]kl5 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/, ;'nL, Kjfv cflbnfO{{ hyfefjL gkmfnL
vfN8f]df uf8\g] jf hnfpg] u/f}+ .
s'v'/f;Fusf] n;k; tyf df;' sf6\g] sfd ;lsPkl5 ;fa'g kfgLn]
/fd|f];Fu xft w'g] u/f}+ .
leqL efu;Dd /fd|f];Fu kfs]sf] s'v'/fsf] df;'dfq vfg] u/f}+ .
la/fdL jf d/]sf] s'v/' fsf] df;'nfO{{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf pdfn]/ jf ksfP/ vfg]
u/f}+ .

g]kfn ;/sf/

s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

kz' ;]jf ljefu

h'gf]l;; lgoGq0f cfof]hgf

a'9flgns07, sf7df8f+}
kmf]g M $^%)!@&, $^%)$(! km\ofS; g+= $^%)!@*

xfd|f] uGtJo
dfgj a]rlavgsf] cGTo .

g] k fn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

/fatOfc t]u ^! f}be nf; )&)@

xfd|f] ;Kt/Ln] yfngL u/]sf] kfGt/0fcleofg

Ps k6s d}n] st} n]vs
] f] lyPF
jf:tjd] c;n ;flxTo dl:tiss] d;L
;F glx lnvn hfOt cl5, x[bos] d;L
;F lnvn hfOt cl5 . x[bod] dl;
;l~rt s/}n k}3, Tofu cf tk:of
rfxL . lnvj slxs glx lnvfOanf
cf glx lnva slxof} s stf} g stf}
;F k|ik'ml6t xf]Oanf lrh lys
;flxTo . ;flxTo;fws h]hx] g] hLjg
ef]ug] cl5, h] lrhd] ckgf lehn
cl5 cf h] ;F ckgs] 5'jfPn cl5,
cf]s/] x'ax' lnkLj4 s/}t cl5 . Pgf
s/}t sfn stf} ckg] cfks] r/d
cfgGbd] kx'rn
] fx aft cfj;s]t
cl5 . stf} glx lgs ;F laemfon
aft;e JoSt xf]a ;s}t cl5 . ;fws
;|i6f dfq] glx es hLjg cf hut\s]
b|i6f ;]xf] xf]a hfot cl5 . olQv]/
d oxLF 6'u\ f]df k'us
] f] 5' .
n]Vg' :jod\ lxdfn r9\ge' m}+ Ps
hl6n sfo{ xf] . cem To;df klg vf]h
kqsfl/tfdf snd rnfpg' ;d/
n8\ge' Gbf ufx|f] sfd xf] . dgleq
u'D;]sf uGygnfO{ n]Vo k lbg s]xL
;lhnf] xf]nf t/ s'g} ;To / tYout
s'/fxnfO{ j:t'lgi7 tj/n] ptfg'{ eg]
rfgr'g] s'/f kSs} xf]Og . o;sf nflu
cfFvfn] b]vs
] f s'/f x'ax' sfuhdf ptfg{
;Sg] ;/n dg rflxG5, t/n dg
rflxG5 . j}olSts ;+jb] gfxaf6
clUng'k5{ . cfk"m :jod\ cg'el" txdf
klUng'k5{ . clg dfq k|;j kL8f ef]Ub}
;Gtfg hlGdPem}+ hGdG5 gjLg l;h{gf
/ k|f/De x'G5 g"tg cWofo . To:t}
nfdf] ;dob]lv vf]hkqsfl/tf / n]vg
ofqfdf clj/n lxFl8/x]sf ;h{s
Zofd;'Gb/ ofbj klg cfkm\gf] df6f]sf]
;'jf;n] tflgP / n]Vg lxDdt u/]
bf];f| ] s[lt xfd|f] ;Kt/L . pgn]
hGde"ld sd{el" d ;Kt/L hn]sf] b]v,]F
cfkmGtxn] g} 5n]sf] b]v] / cxn]
lrGb} glrg]sf] e]6] . To;}n] sDDf/ s;],
;Kt/L lhNnfsf s'gfsfKrfdf k'u/]
ToxfF ePsf wfld{s, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts,
P] l txfl;s k' / ftflTjs dxTjsf
tYox ;\sng u/L k':tssf] k
lbg .
x'g t, pgn] k|yd s[lt zv8]Zj/L
l5g\gd:tf eujtL bz{gdf ;d]t
cfkm\gf] vf]h cg';Gwfgsf] 5lj
b]vfO;s]sf 5g\ . ck|sflzt cj:yfd}
/x]sf d}lynL g]gf nf]suLt M Ps
cWoog xf];\ of b]z lrgfpg] dw];L
g} lsg gxf];\ h] hlt sfd ug{ ;s]sf
5g\ ;a}df pgsf] vf]h cg';Gwfgsf]
nfdf] nugzLntf g} kfpg ;lsG5 .
jf:tjdf /]l8of] pb\3f]if0fdf xf];\ of uLlt
n]vg xf];\ jf sljtf n]vgd} lsg gxf];\
;f+:s[lts, wfld{s / P]ltxfl;s kIfnfO{
hf]8bf/sf ;fy ptfg{d} pgL s]lGb|t
ePsf] kfOG5 . pgsf l;h{gfdf
;dfhsf] k|ltlaDj kfOG5 . wfld{s,
;f+:s[lts tyf P]ltxfl;s s'/fxk|lt
cg'/fu e]l6G5 . lhGbuLdf ef]luPsf
;' v b' M veGbf cnu /x] /
ldlynf~rnsf /Lltl/jfhd} kl/qmdf
ul//x]sf] kfOG5 .
:yfgLo If] q sf] ljsf;df
snfsfl/tfn] ;d]t dxTjzfnL e"ldsf
v]ns
] f] x'G5 . dfgjLo hLjg snfo'St
x'gk' 5{ . snfljxLg x'g' dfgj x'ga' f6
al~rt x'gh
' :t} xf] . elgG5, eujfg\
lzj ;j{snfn] ;DkGg lyP, eujfg\
s[i0f ;d]t ;f]x| snfn] o'St lyP ;fy}
/fddf klg s]xL snf lyP . cfhsf
xfdL dfG5] snfsfl/tfdf ljZjf;
g/fVg] e'n ul//x]sf 5f}F . vfln
wgf]kfh{gdf Wofg nufO/x]sf 5f}F .
snfn] wg dfq pkfh{g ub}g{ , hLjgsf]
w/f]x/ ;d]t lgdf{0f ub{5 . ctM snfsf]
;Ddfg x'gk' 5{ . ;fgf] sfd eg]/
t'R5kdf lng] ;f]rsf] ljkIfdf
gpleO{ xfdL hLjgjf]w ug{ ;Sb}gf}F .
xfdLdf s]s:tf snf 5g\ / s]s:tf
sfdsfhsf] ;Ddfg ug{ ;Sg'k5{ eGg]
s'/fsf] cfefif lbg / lng Jojxf/f]kof]uL
hDdf rfF;
} 7\7L j6f To:tf snf 5g\

gGbnfn cfrfo{
h ; s f ] ]
cWoogdgg,
lrGtg / ;Ddfg
ugf{n] hLjgsf
b'ef{Uosf 38Lx qmdzM 5f]l6Fb}
hfG5g\ . tL x'g\
-!_ ufog, -@_ jfbg, -#_ gt{g, $_ gf6\o, -%_ lrqsf/L, -^_ ljz]ifsR5]B
-6Lsf6fnf ug'_{ , -&_ t08'ns';d' fjLn
-rfdnsf bfgfn] k"mna'66\ f agfpg'_, *_ k'ikf:t/0f -k"mn}km" nsf] >[u\ f/ /Rg'_,
-(_ c\u/fu -a'sj' fkfp8/ cflb
nufpg'_, -!)_ dl0fe"ldsfsd{ -3/
;hfpg'_, -!!_ zog/rgf -lj5\of}gf
;hfpg'_, -!@_ pbsjfB -hnt/\u
ahfpg'_, -!#_ pbsf3ft -krsf xfGg'_,
-!$_ lrqfof]u -pd]/ jf cj:yf
kl/jt{g_, -!%_ dfNou|Gyg -dfnf ufF:g'_,
-!^_ s]zz]v/fkL8 -skfndf k"mn
;hfpg'_, -!&_ g]kYoof]u -kf]zfs km]g_{ ' ,
-!*_ s0f{kqe\u -9'u\ L| , sfF6f nufpg'
_, -!(_ uGwo'lSt -cQ/ cflb nufpg'_,
-@)_ cn\sf/of]u -uxgf klx/g'_, @!_ OGb|hfn -r6s ug'{_, -@@_
sf} r ' d f/of] u -k/rgf_, -@#_
x:tnf3j -xNsf xftn] rfF8f] sfd ug'_{ ,
-@$_ ;"ksd{ -vfgf ksfpg] sfd_, @%_ kfgsflb ef]hg -;j{t cflb
agfpg'_, -@^_ ;"lrsd{ -l;nfOsf] sfd_,
-@&_ ;"qlqmof -wfuf], aQL cflb sfTg'_,
-@*_ jL0ff8d?jfB -l;tf/, tanf
cflb ahfpg'_, -@(_ k|xl] nsf -hfGg]
ufpFvfg] syf, sljtf /Rg'_, -#)_
k|ltdfnf -cGTofIf/L ldnfP/ Znf]s
eGg'_, -#!_ b'jf{rsof]u -sl7g
kbxsf] cy{ kQf nufpg'_, -#@_
k':tsjfrg -/fd|/L k':ts k9\g_' , ##_ gf6\osnf -xfpefp lems]/
gf6sx v]Ng', v]nfpg'_, -#$_
;d:ofk"lt{ -Ps kfpdf c kfp yk]/
Znf]s k"/f ug'_{ , -#%_ k6\l6sfaf0f
ljsNk -d]r, s';L{ cflb agfpg'_, -#^_
tIfsd{ -sf7sf] dd{t ug]{ sfd_, -#&_
tIf0f -l;sdL{ sfd_, -#*_ jf:t'sd{ 3/ cflb agfpg] sfd_, -#(_ Ko/Tg
k/LIff -;'g, rfFbLsf] sfd_, -$)_
wft'sd{ -wft'sf] sfd, 9nf]6 cflb_, $!_ dl0f/fu1fg -h'xf/tL sfd_, $@_ cfs/1fg -vlgh ljBf_, -$#_
j[Iffo'jb{] of]u -au}r
F f agfpg] sfd_, $$_ ;hLjB"t -r/f, e]8f cflb n8fpg]
sfd_, -$%_ z's;fl/sfk|nfkg -;'uf
d}gf kfn]/ k9fpg'_, -$^_ pT;fbfg t]n dfln; ug]{ sfd_, -$&_ cIf/
d'li6sf syg -;f\sl] ts zAb jf
cIf/af6 s' / f ug' { _ , -$*_
Dn]lR5tljsNk -ljb]zL efiffx hfGg'_,
-$(_ b]zefiff1fg -b]zsf ljleGg efiff
hfGg'_, -%)_ k'ikzsl6sf lgldQ1fg
-k|fs[lts nIf0ff/f z'efz'e s'/f hfGg'_,
-%!_ oGqdft[sf -hGt/dGt/ ug'_{ , %@_ wf/0fdft[sf -/Iffa'6L afFWg] sfd_,
-%#_ ;Dkf7\o -csf{n] k9]sf] ;'g/] To:t}
k9\g_' , -%$_ dfg;LsfJolqmof -sljtf,
sfJo cflb /Rb} ;'gfpg'_, -%%_
clewfgsf]z5g\bf]1fg -zAbsf]z /
5g\bsf nox hfGg'_, -%^_ lqmof
ljsNk -lqmofsf] k|efj abNg'_, -%&_
5lntof]u -7uL jf P]of/L ug'_{ , -%*_
j:quf]kg -nQfsk8fsf] lxkmfht_, %(_ B"tqmL8f -h'jf_, -^)_ cfsif{sqmL8f
-kf;f, a'l4rfn cflb v]n_, -^!_
afnqmL8g -s]6fs]6Lsf] v]n_, -^@_
j}gflosL -gd|tf, lzi6frf/_, -^#_
j}tflnsL -xfQL, 3f]8f cflb ;wfpg'_, ^$_ j}hlosL -n8fOF, s':tL, s;/t
cflb_ .
o; s[ l tdf pko' { S t jl0f{ t
s'/fxn] 3lge"tkdf :yfg ge]6] klg
/fhlj/fh, xg'dfggu/h:tf P]ltxfl;s
dxTjsf gu/xsf] j0f{g, l5g\gd:tf,
/fhb]jL, s+sflngLh:tf zlQmkL7xsf]
avfg, uf]n3/, sf]zL 6Kk' dWojtL{
If]qsf] k|fs[lts /d0fLotfsf] rrf{,
a/dlemofsf] k]8f, dx'nLsf] b'Uw ljsf;,

kmQ]k/' sf] dT:o ljsf; s]Gb|sf] jofgsf

;fy} t/sf/L v]tL, dT:okfng, s]/f
jufgh:tf cfly{s ljsf;sf] ;Gbe{
pNn]vd} s[ltn] k"0f{tf kfPsf] 5 . d}lyn
gf/Lxsf lrqsnf, x:tsnf;DaGwL
;Lksf] rrf{ /f]rs 9\un] ul/Psf] 5 .
k|foM ;a}h;f] If]qsf s'/fxdf w]/yf]/
Wofg k'ofO{ / hg>'ltnfO{ d'Vo cfwf/
agfO{ ldlxg 9\un] tYox s]nfpg'
g} pgsf] ljz]iftf b]lvG5 . nf]shLjgdf
JofKt d"No / dfGotf cfly{s kIf;Fu
s;/L hf]l8Psf 5g\ / s;n] s] u/]df
cfGtl/s / jfx\o ko{6gdf yk 6]jf
k'U5 eGg] ;f/ule{t ljrf/, ;'emfj
;Dk|i] f0fdf ;d]t n]vs ofbj kl5 k/]sf
5}gg\ .
efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[lt xfd|f
;DklQ x'g\ . dfgjn] cfkm\gf] hLjgsf]
k|fb'ef{jsf] :jl0f{d ljxfgLb]lv c:t;Dd
;\uLtnfO{ cl:tTjsf] kdf l:jsf/
ug'k{ 5{ . dfgj hLjgdf ;\uLtn]
g5f]Psf] cWofo g} 5}g . jf:tjdf dfgj
;\uLtdo jftfj/0fd} hGdG5 /
;\ u Ltdo jftfj/0f x' F b }
Zd;fg3f6;Dd k'U5 . d[t dflg;nfO{
/fd gfd ;To hKb} Zd;fg3f6 nUg]
k|yf o;s} HjnGt pbfx/0f xf] .
k|sl[ tsf] s0fs0fdf ;\uLt n'ss
] f]
x'G5 . ;\uLtsf] d'6' :j/ xf] . :j/
cfTdfsf] gfb xf] eg] cfTdf k/dfTdfsf]
:jk xf] . cfTdfsf] ;DaGw
k/dfTdf;Fu ePem}F :j/sf] ;DaGw
cfTdf;Fu ePsf] dflgG5 . o;nfO{
gfba|xd\ elgG5 . ;fdfGotM ufpg, ?g
t ;a}nfO{ cfpF5 t/ h;n] ljj]s,
cEof; / tk:ofsf] ann] :j/ /
tfndfly ljho k|fKt ub{5, To;n]
;dfhdf cnUu} lsl;dsf] cfb/;Tsf/
kfpF5 . n'uf w'bF f xf];\ of 3fF; sf6\bf
xf];\ of uf]7fnf] ubf{ g} lsg gxf];,\ xfdL
uLt u'gu'gfpF5f}F . To;a]nf zf/Ll/s
ysfgnfO{ e';S' s} e'n/] ckf/ cfgGbsf]
cg'el" t ul//x]sf x'G5f}F . o;af6 uLt
;\uLtsf] zlSt / ;fdYo{nfO{ ku]N{ g
;lsG5 .
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ;\uLlts kIfnfO{
eg] xfd|f] ;Kt/L k':tsn] ;d]6g\
;s]sf] 5}g . ;\uLt eGgf;fy
jfBjfbg, ufog / g[To cfpF5 . /]6/] ,
k'ms]/ jf 7f]s/] ahfO{ ;\uLtsf] ;/;
tyf dgf]/~hs :j/, tfn cflb
lgsfNg] ;fdu|L jf afhf cflbnfO{
jfBoGq elgG5 eg] afhf ahfpg]
sfd g} jfBjfbg xf] . o; lhNnfdf
tfnjfB / ;'/jfBsf k|ltefzfnL
jfBjfbsx 5g\ . tfnjfB no
k|wfg jfB xf] h;n] ;\uLtdf no
sfod u5{ . o; cGtu{t 5fnfn]
df]l8Psf jf ag]sf ;Dk"0f{ jfBoGqx
cfpF5g\ . csf{lt/ ;'/jfB cGtu{t
eg] 5fnfn] df]l8Psf jf ag]sf
jfBoGqx afx]ssf tf/, /]zd, tfFt
cflbsf] cfGbf]ngaf6, k'ms]/ jf
jfo'af6, sf7 jf To:t} j:t'sf]
7f]sfOaf6 :j/ pTklt x'g] jfBx
kb{5g\ . /fu, tfna4 zAbxsf]
dgdf]xs l;h{gf g} uLt xf] . uLtnfO{
/fu;Fu ldNg] / :j/sf] k|wfgtf x'g]
zf:qLo uLt / :j/, tfndf ufOg]
t/ zAbxsf] k|wfgtf x'g] ;flxlTos
uLt u/L ljefhg ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
;fdfGotM zf:qLo -5g\bf]a4_ sljtf,
uhn, uLt, d'Sts cflb h;nfO{
slDtdf :j/, tfndf ufpg ;lsG5
tL ;a} uLt cGtu{t g} cfpF5g\ .
;Kt/L lhNnf snfsf/xsf] /fhwfgL
g} xf] . snf If]qsf] ljsf;df /fHo jf
:yfgLo If]qaf6 vf;} lr gb]vfOP
klg hg:t/af6 a8f] pT;fx /
pd\usf ;fy lnPsf] kfOG5 . o;
If]qnfO{ cfb/ / ;Ddfgsf kdf lng'
h/L 5 . cfly{s ;d'Ggltsf] Pp6f
kf6f] snfsfl/tf If]q ;d]t aGg
;S5 . o;n] df}lns ;f+:s[lts kIfsf]
hu]gf{ ug{] sfd ;d]t ub{5 . snf

If]qdf nfUg]xnfO{ hLjgu'hf/f

rnfpg t wf}wf} kg]{ u/]sf] 5 t/ o;sf]
;+ / If0f / ljsf;n] ;f+ : s[ l ts
k/Dk/fnfO{ hu]gf{ ug{ / df}lns Oltxf;
lgdf{0f ug{ 7f]; ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 .
;dfhdf b] l vPsf] c/fhstf /
c:tJo:ttfnfO{ lgd{n
" kf/L ;d'Ggt
;dfhsf] l;h{gfdf ;d]t snfsfl/tf
If]qn] Ps zlStzfnL c:qsf] sfd ug{
;S5 .
ko{6gsf] /y b]zsf s]xL lrlgPsf
ko{6sLo If]qxn] dfq xfSg ;Sb}gg\ .
d'ns
' sf s'gfsfKrfdf dgf]/d ko{6sLo
:ynx /x]sf x'g ;S5g\ . /fHon] dfq
To;sf] vf]hL ug{ ;Sb}g . hg:t/af6
vf]hL eO{ To;sf] k|rf/k|;f/ x'g ;s]
Tof] g} >]i7 sfd xf] . xf], ToxL / To:t}
p2]Zosf], k|oTgsf] / ;fx;sf] k|ltkmn
xf] xfd|f] ;Kt/L . ;Kt/L ljljw
wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s, ko{6sLo
b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg eP klg
o;sf] k|rf/k|;f/ cefjn] cf]em]ndf
k/]sf] 5 . oxfFsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf]
d"n d]b08 s[lif eP klg o; k':tsn]
xfdLnfO{ wfld{s ko{6sLo If]qsf] kdf
;Kt/Lsf] 5jL cGt/f{li6o:t/sf] 5 eGg]
s'/fsf] jf]w u/fpF5 . oxfFsf bh{gf}F
zlQmlk7, P]ltxfl;s gu/ :yfg, d7,
dlGb/, u9L l9:sfx, k|frLg b/af/sf
cjz]ifx cflbsf] hfgsf/Ln] lbP/
s[ltdf ;Kt/L klg cfGtl/s / afXo
ko{6ssf nflu ko{6sLo uGtJo :yn
aGg ;Sb5 eGg] :ki6 ;\st] lbPsf]
5 . o; s[ltn] lhNnfsf] wfld{s,
ko{6sLo / P]ltxfl;s:ynsf ;fy}
oxfFsf] snf / ;+:s[ltsf] k|rf/k|rf/
ub}{ :yfgLo k|ltef / s[lif pTkfbg
tyf jg k}bfjf/sf] k|j4{g ug{ ;s]
ahf/Ls/0fdf ;xof]u k'Ug] sfo{ x'g] /
Tof] ;Kt/L af;Lsf] dfq geO{ d'ns
' s}
cy{tGqdf 6]jf k'Ug] vfnsf] uf}/js}
ljifo aGg ;Sg] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 .
:yfgLo pTkflbt ljleGg j:t'xsf]
k|rf/ k|;f/ u/fO{ To:tf j:t'sf] ahf/
lj:tf/ ug{ ;s]df :yfgLo :t/df
cfly{s lqmofsnfksf] clej[l4 / ljsf;
ug{ ;lsG5 t/ To;sf nflu :yfgLo
lgsfox;Fu xft]dfnf] ug{ eg] kl5
kg'x{ G' g . hGd lbg], sd{ lbg] / hLjg
arfOlbO/fVg] cfdfeGbf k'Ho csf]{ j:t'
lsdfy{ x'g ;Sb}g . ;Kt/Lsf ltg}
df}lnstf af]ss
] f tYox / ;dy/
d}bfg, kfvfkv]/f ;Demfpg] s'/fxn]
o; s[ltnfO{ cem ;'Gb/ agfPsf] 5 .
;dfh kfGt/0fdf ul/Psf] OdfGbf/
k|of;sf nflu kqsf/ tyf ;flxTo
;h{s Zofd;'Gb/ ofbj wGojfbsf kfq
5g\ .
b'w, k]8f, s'v'/f, afv|f, df5f,
t/sf/L, cfFk, afF;, s]/f v]tLaf6
cfTdlge{/ aGg ;Sg] l:ylt x'bF fx'bF } klg
k|lts"n jftfj/0fsf sf/0fn] oxfF
Jo;foLxn] nufgL ug{ ;ls/x]sf
5}gg\ . ePsf r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ub}{
;DefjgfxnfO{ cfly{s If]q;Fu hf]8g\ ]
cg'sn
" jftfj/0f x'g] xf] eg] cfly{s
;d'Ggltsf] If]q dfq geO{ ;Kt/L
cfGtl/s / jfx\o ko{6sLo s]Gb|sf]
kdf ljsl;t x'g ;S5 . k"jf{wf/
ljsf;df /fHosf] :ki6 gLlt, s7f]/
sfof{Gjog, :yfgLo af;Lsf] OdfGbf/
;+nUgtf / /]vb]v x'g ;s] anfg, lqo'uf
/ ;Ktsf]zLh:tf gbLxf/f j]li7t of]
lhNnf ;bfaxf/kdf cnsfk'/L aGg
;S5 . xf], To;sf nflu lhNnfaf;L
:jod\sf] OdfGbf/ k|of;sf] vfFrf] 5 .
xfdLn] ;+;f/ abNg' 5, bofefjn] s;}n]
abnL lbFbg} , ;'cft cfkm}aF f6 ug'k{ 5{ .
ToxL kfGt/0f, ljsf; / hfu/0fsf]
Ps ;zSt cleofgsf kdf ;Kt/Lsf
;~rf/sdL{, n]vs tyf ;flxTosf/
Zofd;'Gb/ ofbjsf] xfd|f] ;Kt/L k':ts
/x]sf] 5 eGbf cltzof]lSt u/]sf]
g7xnf{ .
lnl6n km\nfj/ pRr df=lj=,
/fhlj/fh(, ;Kt/L
nandalalacharya@gmail.com

tfKn]h
' df ;d;fem} n'6kf6
sf7df8f}F . tfKn]h' lhNnfsf] Ovfa' uflj; j8f g+= & sf k"0f{axfb'/
lnDa' :yfgLo n'6]/f ;d"xaf6 n'l6Psf 5g\ . :yfgLo cfOtjL/ lnDa',
ljgf]b lnDa', jfbL eGg] k|HHjn lnDa', z/0fxf lnDa', nfnk|jf; lnDa'
/ PnkL elgg] of]u]Gb| lnDa';lxtsf] n'6]/f ;d"xn] ut laxLaf/ ;fFem &
ah] k"0f{axfb'/ lnDa'sf] 3/ tf]8]kmf]8 ub}{ n'6]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . n'6]/f
;d"xn] 3/sf] l6eL, /]l8of]nufotsf ;fdfgx tf]8kmf]8 u/L gub rf/
nfv krf; xhf/ cGo lhG;L ;fdfgx n'6s
] f] atfOPsf] 5 . n'6kf6sf]
qmddf k|ltjfb ubf{ pgLxn] ue{jtL;d]tnfO{ xftkft u/]sf] / ue{
t'xfOlbg] wDsL lbPsf] Ps :yfgLon] atfP . n'6]/f ;fd"xn] 5f8]sf] Ps
yfg wfl/nf] xltof/;d]t :yfgLon] km]nf kf/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

lzIffsf] dfu{lrq ;fj{hlgs

sf7df8f}F . ;/sf/n] cfly{s aif{ @)&)&! df k|fyldstf k|fKt
z}lIfs sfo{qmdxsf] dfu{lrq ;fa{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . efb| ( b]lv !@
ut];Dd rn]sf] z}lIfs of]hgf tyf /fli6o uf]i7Laf6 cfPsf ;'emfjnfO{
;d]6]/ lzIff laefun] rfn" cfly{s aif{sf nfuL cfalws of]hgf, ah]6
/ sfo{qmdaf6 lgb]{lzt sfo{qmdxsf ;fy} laleGg z}lIfs sfo{qmdnfO{
k|fyldstfsf] dfu{lrqsf kdf hf/L u/]sf] xf] . hf/L dfu{lrqdf lzIff
If]qdf nufgL x'g] lgoldt ah]6 tyf laleGg ta/af6 ePsf] nufgLsf]
n]vfhf]vf tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . To:t} laBfnodf Go'gtd kdf /xg]
kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\o;fdfu|L pknAw x'g] Aoa:yf ldnfO{g] ePsf] 5 .
laBfyL{sf] l;sfO{ clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ sDtLdf ! ;o (@ lbg
clgafo{ k7gkf7g x'g] / b'O{ ;o @) lbg laBfno v'Ng] k|Tofe"lt
u/fO{g] dfu{lrqdf pNn]v 5 .

6:6 la|h vf]nfn] aufof]

sf7df8f}F . ;u/dfyf cfwf/ lzlj/df k'Ug] clGtd k'nsf kdf
/x]sf] ODhfvf]nfl:yt 6:6 la|h vf]nfn] aufPsf] 5 . v'Dh' ^ / & sf]
aLrdf /x]sf] ODhfvf]nfdf /x]sf] ;f] 6:6 la|h a'waf/ lbpF;f] vf]nfdf
cfPsf] af9Ln] aufP/ tg{gldNg] agfPsf] ta'r] dWojtL{ If]q pkef]Qmf
;d"x v'Dh'sf cWoIf bf]hL{ UofNh]g z]kf{n] hfgsf/L lbP . ;u/dfyf
cfwf/ lzlj/df k'Ug] clGtd la|hsf kdf /x]sf] ;f] k'n aufPkl5
cfwf/ lzlj/ hfg] af6f] aGb ePsf] 5 . ;f] k'nsf] ljsNkdf csf]{ af6f]
k|of]u ug{sf nflu sl/a Ps lbgeGbf a9L lxF8\g'kg]{ cWoIf z]kf{n]
hfgsf/L lbP . ;f] k'nsf] tTsfn} Joj:yfkg gu/]df v'Da' If]qdf ;'? x'g]
cS6f]a/ l;hgdf ;d:of x'g] ePsfn] o;sf] tTsfn} Joj:yfkg x'gk' g];
{ d]t
cWoIf z]kf{n] atfP .

uf]/vf ;+u|xfno x]g{] ;f7L xhf/

sf7df8f}F . ut cfly{s jif{df sl/a ^) xhf/ hgfn] uf]/vf ;|ux| fno
cjnf]sg u/]sf 5g\ . ;fs{ /fi6sf #*, t];f| ] d'ns
' sf * ;o **, g]kfnL
@! xhf/ # ;o #) / ljBfyL{ #& xhf/ ^ ;o $^ u/L %( xhf/ ( ;o
$) hgf ko{6sn] uf]/vf ;+u|xfno cjnf]sg u/]sf x'g\ . kfFr jif{cl3
;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu v'nf ul/Psf] uf]/vf ;+ux| fno cjnf]sg ug{ cfpg]sf]
;+Vof a;]{lg a9\b} uPsf] ;+u|xfno k|d'v s?0ff /fO{n] atfP . ko{6s
a9];uF } ;+ux| fnosf] cfDbfgL;d]t a9]sf] 5 . ljBfyL{sf nflu kfFr, g]kfnLsf
nflu !), ;fs{/fi6sf gful/ssf nflu @) / ljb]zL gful/ssf nflu
%) k}ofF k|j]z z'Ns nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . ;+u|xfnon] ut jif{kfFr nfv @^
xhf/ ( ;o %% k}ofF /fh:j ;ng u/]sf] 5 .

Pdfcf]jfbL sdhf]/ ePsf] lgisif{

sf7df8f}F . PsLs[t g]skfdfcf]jfbLn] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf cfgf]
cj:yf klxn] eGbf sdhf]/ ePsf] lgisif{lgsfn]sf] 5 . a'waf/sf] s]lGb|o
;ldltsf] a}7sdf g]jf /fHo ;ldltn] pkTosfdf cfgf] pkl:ylt sdhf]/
ag]sf] eGb} #$ j6f If]qdf s]xL ;'lglZrtf x'g] ePklg w]/} 7fFpdf
cl3Nnf] ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfjeGbf sdhf]/ cj:yf ePsf] l/kf]6{k]z u/]sf]
xf] . g]jf /fHo ;ldltn] sf7df8f}+sf] If]q gDa/ @ / !) nufot s]xL
;'lglZrt ePklg w]/} 7fFpdf cGo bn;Fu s8f k|lt:kwf{ x'g] l/kf]6k{ z
]
u/]sf] 5 . eQmk'/sf] Ps gDa/ If]qdf klxn] eGbf s]xL /fd|f] b]lvPklg
eQmk'/df lhTg] cj:yf g/x]sf] l/kf]6{k]z ePsf] ;|f]tn] hfgsf/L lbof] .
kf6L{ sdhf]/ x'g'sf] sf/0f k]z ub}{ g]jf /fHo ;ldltn] g]tfx
sf7df8f}dF } eP/ klg dtbftfsf]aLrdf guPsf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . l/kf]6d{ f
kf6L{n] cfGtl/s tfnd]n / s8f d]xgt ug{'kg]{df hf]8 ul/Psf] 5 .
laxLaf/ k]z ePsf l/kf]6{df ls/fFtdf clwsf+z 7fFpdf lhTg ;lsg],
sf]lrnfdf k|ltikwf{ ePklg lhTg ;lsg] / lnDa'jfgdf eg] k|ltik|wf x'g]
lgisif{ 5 . dw]zdf s]Gb|af6 ah]6 lxgfldgf u/]sf] tyf cfly{s
clgoldttfsf sf/0f unt ;Gb]z uPsf] l/kf]6{ k]z ePsf] ;|f]tsf]
egfO{ 5 .

n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf

o; ;fKtflxsdf k|sfzgfy{
/fli6o cGt/f{li6o dxTjsf n]v, /rgf /
tl:j/x pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'ofpg' x'g
;DalGwt ;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/
/ /rgfx k|sflzt ug]{ gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/
;Dkfbsdf lgxLt x'g5
] . k|sflzt gePsf
;fdu|Lx lkmtf{ gul/g] ePsfn] cfk"m;Fu
d"nk|lt /fv]/ dfq k7fpg'xf]nf .

If]Kof:q ;fKtflxs
yfkfufp, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!

E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com

/fatOfc t]u ^! f}be nf; )&)@

lj3l6t ;+ljwfg;ef, 5'jf5"t P]g / blnt clwsf/

ljifo k|j]z
xfd|f] b]z g]kfn qmlds kn]
cw{cf}klgj]lzs x'b} gjcf}klgj]lzs
cj:yfdf cfO{ k'us
] f] 5 . To;} u/L
cw{;fdGtL ;fdflhs / /fhg}lts
;+/rgf clxn] ;Dd sfod} /x]sf] 5 .
@$) jif{ b]lv lxGb' wd{;fk]If PsfTds
;fdGtL a|fx\d0fjfbL /fhtGqfTds /fHo
Joj:yf /xFb} cfof], h:sf] kl/0ffd b]zdf
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cf0fljs xftxltof/sf] xf]tjfhL
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lj36g ePsf] 3f]if0ff ul/of] .

hgtfsf efjgf, rfxgf / /fi6sf]
cfjZostf k|lt gh/cGbfh ub}{ ;Qf
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agfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g ug{ pb\t
eP . clxn] !)aif]{ hgo'4, P]ltxfl;s
hgcfGbf]ng, dw]zcfGbf]ng / juL{o,
hftLo, If]qLo, lnuLo, blnt nufotsf
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d'ns
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k|ltzt ;dfg'kflts / $) k\ltzt
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ePsf] lyof] . t/ cfufdL ;+ljwfg;efdf
Toltg} ;+Vofsf] pkl:ylt x'g] ;Defjgf
t 5Fb5} g} . ;dfg'kfltssf] ;+Vof 36fP/
krf; krf; k|ltzt agfPaf6 :ki6
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5}g . k"0f{ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
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x'g ;Qm}g . la3l6t ;+ljwfg;efsf]
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d:of}bf k|ltj]bgf/f k]z u/]sf]
ax';b:oLo ;dfg'kflts k|ToIf lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL -Psd':t lgjf{rg k|0ffnL_
h;af6 k|ToIf hgtff/f lgjf{lrt klg
x'g,] csf]l{ t/ cf cfkm\gf] ;d'bfosf]
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gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ul/g' kb{5 .

;+ljwfg d"n sfg'g ePsfn] To;df 6]s/]
P]g, sfg'g, lgod, ljlgod / lglb{lzsf
aGg] ub{5 . ;+ljwfgl;t aflemPsf ;a}
sfg'g, P]g, lgod :jtM vf/]h x'g]
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h?/L 5 .
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ut ;+ljwfg;efdf krf; hgf
blnt ;ef;bxsf] k|ltlglwTj lyof] .
h;df $#hg ;dfg'kflts / &hgf
k|ToIf lgjf{lrt lyP . ;+ljwfg;efsf
bzj6f ljifout ;ldlt / Pp6f
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blntxsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . zf;sLo
:jk lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf ;efklt ;d]t
blnt /x]sf lyP . cNk;+Vos tyf
l;dfGts[t / alxis/0fdf kfl/Psf
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;ldltsf] d:of}bf k|ltj]bg pk;ldltsf]
;+of]hs klg blntg} lyP . blnt
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x'G5 . h;nfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef cjwf/0ff
kq / k|f/lDes d:of}bf ;DalGw
k|ltj]bg cWoog ;ldlt )^& n] ;j{
;Ddltaf6 tLgj6f wf/fdf P3f/j6f
pkwf/fsf kdf ;+ul| xt k|:tfj u/]sf]
5 . To;nfO{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7sn]
kfl/t ;d]t u/L ;+jw} flgs ;ldltdf
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5M
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ltns kl/of/
hgtfsf efjgf, rfxgf /
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eP . clxn] !)aif]{ hgo'4,
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dw]zcfGbf]ng / juL{o, hftLo,
If]qLo, lnuLo, blnt nufotsf
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cGtl/d ;+ljwfg )^#nfO{ @)^(r}q ! ut]sf] c;+jw} flgs tyf
c/fhgLlts sbd dfkm{t @% a'bF ] afwfc8sfp k'msfp dfkm{t
Wj:t agfpb} nf]stGqsf] /]nuf8LnfO{ lnuaf6 hldgdf emfg]{ /
d'ns
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klg ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ lbOPg . hals
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nflu ;fwf/0f ax'dt / clGtd
d:of}bfsf nflu b'Ol{ txfO{ dtaf6 lg0f{o
ug]{ nf]stflGqs ljlw x'bfx'b}, tL
dte]bsf ljifoxnfO{ rf/ bnsf lzif{
g]tfxn] xfdL ;xdlt u5f}{ egL
ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldlt u7g
ul/of] . pk;ldltn] !* dlxgf ;Dd
d:of}bf k|ltj]bg b/fhdf yGSofOof] .
pk;ldltn] ;xdlt klg ug{ ;s]g,
nf]stflGqs k|lqmofdf cufl8 a9fpg
klg ;s]g . cGt tM ;+ljwfg;efsf
;ef;bxnfO{ dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/
;Dd glbO )^( h]i7 !$ ut] dWo
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k|ltlglwTj klg x'g] tyf ;DalGwt kf6L{n]

d]hf]l/6L sfod ug{ cfkm\gf] pDd]bjf/nfO{
lhtfpg jfWotf klg l;h{gf ub{5 . of]
g} blnt ;d'bfosf] k|ltlglwTj u/fpg]
j}1flgs ljlw x'g ;S5 . hxfF ;Dd ljkGg
/ zf]lift kLl8t ju{sf] k|ltlglwTjsf]
sdL x'G5 ls < eGg] cfz+sfsf] lg/fs/0f
ug{ ;j{xf/fju{sf] x}l;ot /fVg] dhb"/,
ls;fg, dlxnf, blnt / pk]lIft tyf
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lbg' kg]{ k|fjwfg /flvg' kb{5 .
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wd{lg/k]If /fHosf] ;+:yfut ljsf;,
pTkLl8t ;d'bfoxsf] klxrfg ;lxtsf]
;+3Lo k|0ffnLsf ;fy} /fHosf ;a}
c+uxdf pTkLl8t ju{, hflt, hghflt,
dlxnf, blnt, dw]zL, d'l:nd /
kL5l8Psf] If]qsf ;d'bfoxsf] k"0f{
;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt x'g]

k|sf/sf] 5'jf5"t jf e]befj ug{

gkfOg] .
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k|sf/sf sfo{ uDeL/ ;dflhs
ck/fwsf] kdf sfg'gf/f b08gLo
x'g] / To:tf] sfo{af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{
plrt Ifltk'lt{sf] xs x'g] 5 .
#_blnt ;d'bfosf JolQmnfO{ lghfdlt
;]jf, ;]gf, k|x/L nufotsf /fHosf
;a} lgsfo / If]qxdf ;dfg'kflts
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/ ;fj{ h lgs ;] j f nufotsf
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Joj:yf ul/g] .
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blnt ljBfyL{nfO{ k|fylds
b]lv pRrlzIff ;Dd 5fqj[lt ;lxt
lgz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ul/g] /
k| f ljlws tyf Joj;flos
pRrlzIffdf blntsf] nflu sfg'gf/f

ljz]if Joj:yf ul/g] .

%_blnt ;d'bfonfO{ :jf:Yo / ;fdflhs
;'/Iff k|bfg ug{ sfg'gf/f ljz]if
Joj:yf ul/g] / o:tf] Joj:yf ubf{
ljkGg blntnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] .
^_blnt ;d'bfonfO{ cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut
k]zf, 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf] k|of]u,
;+/If0f / ljsf; ug]{ xs x'g] / /fHon]
blnt ;d'bfosf k/Dk/fut k]zf;Fu
;DalGwt cfw'lgs Joj;fodf
pgLxnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ ;f]sf
nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;Lk / ;|ft]
pknAw u/fpg] .
&_/fHon] e"ldlxg blntnfO{ Ps k6s
hldg pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ .
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cfwf/df ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTjsf]
Joj:yf u/L ;+3Lo / k|fb]lzs
;+/rgfdf qmdzM tLg / kfFr k|ltzt
yk k|ltlglwTjsf] nflu sfg'gf/f
cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g] .
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blnt ;d'bfon] o; Joj:yf
adf]lhd k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/x kxf8L
blnt, dw]zL blnt / blnt dlxnfn]
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cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgxdf ;dfg'kflts
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cjnDag ug]{ .
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g]kfnL blnt d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf dfFux
ztk|ltzt ;Daf]wg ug{ t ;s]sf] 5}g .
t/ klg ljutsf ;+jw} flgs Joj:yf /
sfg' g sf] t' n gfdf () k| l tzt
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lj36g ePsf] cj:yf / To;n] :yflkt
u/]sf ljifoxnfO{ :jfldTj u|x0f ug]{
tyf To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] k|Zg
uDeL/ r'gf}tL ag]/ cfPsf] s'/f
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clwsf/af6 aF l rt ;d' b fosf]
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ax'dt x'gg' } xf] . ljifout ;ldltsf]
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k|jz
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k'li6 x'G5 . hgk|ltlglwxsf] Jofks
5nkmn / ax;af6 ul/Psf] lg0f{o /
b'Ol{ txfO{ ax'dt :jLsfo{ x'bg} eg]
;+ljwfg;efsf] bf];f| ] lgjf{rgsf] cf}lrTo
s] < hgtfn] ef]6 lsg xfNg] < .
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cfTd;Ddfgdf rf]6, blnt / u}/blnt
aLrsf] ljjfx c:jLsf/, ;|ft] ;fwg /
;]jf pkef]u / ;xeflutfdf lgif]w,

blnt dlxnf dfly ul/g] lx+;f, of}g

zf]if0f, b'Jo{jxf/ / anfTsf/, af]S;Lsf]
cf/f]k / blnt r]nLa]6L a]rlavgsf
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kl/0ffdg} xf] eGg ;lsG5 .
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h;n] ubf{ lxGb' ;fdGtL /fHo Joj:yf
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blnt ;d:of ;dfwfg ;Dej 5}g .
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k6s k6s ;+rfng ul/g' kb{5 .

5'jf5"t pGd'ng sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{
Pj+ ljsf; / pTyfg ug{ hg;+Vofsf]
cfwf/df ;dfg'kflts art ljlgof]hg
u/L of]hgfa4 kl/rfng ul/g' kb{5 .
hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"t s;"/ / ;hfo_ P]g)^*sf] bkmf $@_ s;}n] s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ k|yf,
k/Dk/f, wd{, ;+:s[lt, /Lltl/jfh, hft,
hflt, j+z ;d'bfo, jf k]zfsf cfwf/df
hftLo e]befj jf 5'jf5"t u/L
;fj{hlgs jf lghL :yfgdf b]xfosf]
s'g} klg sfo{ ug{ jf u/fpg x'bg} .
b]xfo eGgfn] bkmf $-!_ b]lv pkbkmf
-!#_ ;Dd hgfp5 . of] P]g g]kfnL
blnt ;d'bfosf] nflu Oltxf;df klxnf]
k6s ag]sf] dflgG5 lsgls g]kfndf
;+ljwfgsf] Oltxf; cWoog ug]{ xf] eg]
lj=; @))$;fn b] l v @)^#sf]
cGtl/d ;+ljwfg ;Dd 5j6f ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . tL ;a}df ;fj{hlgs
If]qdf 5'jf5"t ul/g] 5}g , elgPsf]
5 . To;nfO{ sfo{Gjog ug]{ P]g, lgod
/ lglb{sf ;d]t agfpg] kxn ;d]t
ePg . P]gsf] cefjdf ;+j}wflgs
Joj:yfx sfo{Gjog x'bg} g, sltko
s'/fx ;+ljwfgsf] df}lns xssf] wf/fdf
/flvPsf / l;w} sfo{Gjog ug'{ kg]{
Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'G5 . t/ blnt
;d'bfosf] sfo{kflnsfsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg
/ kbdf kx'r
F gePsfn] tyf Gofo /
;dfgtfsf kIfw/ tyf j}1flgs lrGtg
ePsf k|zf;ssf] cefjdf tL ;+jw} flgs
k|fjwfgx xflQsf] b]vfpg] bfFt ;fljt
ePsf 5g .
lgisif{
cfh b] z cToGt} hl6n
kl/l:yltaf6 u' l h| /x] s f] 5 .
;+ljwfg;efaf6 gofF ;+ljwfg klg aGg
;s]g, hgo'4, hgcfGbf]ng, dw]z
cfGbf]ng, juL{o, If]qLo, hftLo, dlxnf,
blnt nufotsf cfGbf]ngsf] efjgf,
ck]Iff / rfxgfsf] Dof08]6 kfPsf]
cGtl/d ;+ljwfg klg afwf c8sfp
k' m sfpsf] gfpF d f c/fhg} l ts,
c;+jw} flgs / x}sdjfbL z}nLdf @%a'bF ]
;+zf]wg u/L Wj:t kfl/Psf]5 . hals
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ b'Ol{ txfO{ ax'dt
ljgf ug}{ gkfOg] Joj:yf5 . rf/ hgf
g]tfn] ;+ljwfgsf wf/f pkwf/f ;+zf]wg
/ km]/a8n ug{ ;Qm5 eg] c/af}+ /sd
vr]/{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg lsg ug]{ <
ljutsf] ;+ljwfg;efn] u/]sf] *)
k|ltzt hgkIfLo lg0f{osf ljifox
:jfldTj u|x0f u/L @) k|ltzt sfo{
k'/f ug]{ ls cfufdL ;+ljwfg;efn] )
hL/f]af6 ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof cl3
a9fpg] < :ki6 ug{ h?/L 5 . olb
hL/f]af6 lgdf{0f ul/of] eg] ;a} eGbf
a9L Iflt blnt ;d'bfon] Joxf]g{' kg]{
:ki6}5 . ca x'g] lgjf{rg ;fd, bfd,
b08e]b k|of]u x'g] k|jn ;Defjgf5,
h'gs'/f blntn] k|of]u ug{ ;Dej 5}g .
;dfg'kfltsdf hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ lbg
grfxg] g]tfxsf cf;]kf;], w'kf}/] /
P;d}gx afx]s cfkm\gf] ju{ / ;d'bfo
k|lt ;dlk{t blnt k|ltlglw lgo'Qm x'g]
;Defjgf 5}g . ljutsf] ;dfg'kflts
;+Vof ^) af6 %) agfOPsf] 5 . h;n]
ubf{ ljutsf] t'ngfdf blntsf]
k|ltlglwTj Go"g x'g] k|fo lglZrt 5 .
ljutsf] ;+ljwfg;ef ljifout
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg cWoog ;ldltn]
ax'dt / ;j{;Ddltaf6 kfl/t u/]sf
Joj:yfxsf] /Iff / :jfldTj u|X0f ug]{
7f]; k|ltj4tf tyf cfufdL gofF ;+ljwfgdf
;dfj]z u/fpg cfGbf]ng s]lGb|t ug{
cfjZos 5 . To;sf nflu zflGtk"0f{
lgsf; lgsfNg] dfWodsf kdf ;j{kIfLo
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng pkof]uL x'g ;S5 . t/
/fli6o :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff / hgtfnfO{
clwsf/ ;DkGg agfpg] /fhgLlts
OR5fzlQmsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . g]kfnL
/fhgLlt1xn] /fhgLlts OR5fzlQmsf
;fy b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf lghL :jfy{
;]lqmkmfOh ug]{ ls Kof6fg] fOh g]6js{af6
;+rflnt x'g] Tof] eg] x]g{ afFlsg} 5 .

/fatOfc t]u ^! f}be nf; )&)@

u'6fG;km{0/f:t/xLg
===
f:t/xLg===
nfO{ Nofj kl/If0f u/L r'xfj6
b/ lgsflnPsf] 5 . Nofj kl/If0fsf]
t'ngfdf Jojxfl/s k|of]usf qmddf cem}
a9L r'xfj6 x'g] k|fljlwsx atfp5g\ .
o;df pkef]Qmfn] ug{] ljB't rf]/Lsf]
;d:of hf]l8Psf] 5}g . k|flws/0fn] x'jO{
;gnfO{6af6 vl/b ePsf] !) b]lv #))
s]eLP Ifdtfsf] ! xhf/ @ ;o ^)
6fG;km{/ vl/b u/]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L
;]Nof sDkgLaf6 vl/b ePsf @% b]lv
!)) s]eLPsf # ;o (% yfg 6fG;km{/
klg u'0f:t/lxg e]l6Psf lyP . tL
6fG;km{/sf] Nofjdf ul/Psf] k|fljlws
kl/If0fsf cfwf/df jflifs{ !# nfv o'lg6
ljB't r'xfj6 ePsf] b]lvG5 k|flws/0fsf]
cfGtl/s 5fgljg k|ltj]bgdf elgPsf]
5, ;Lldt dfkb08sf cfwf/df dfq}
kl/If0f ubf{ e]l6Psf] r'xfj6 b/ lgs}
pRr xf], u|fx:y vkt b/ cg';f/dfq}
Ps s/f]8 k}o+ feGbf a9L gf]S;fgL x'G5 .
clVtof/n] tof/ kf/]sf] cg';Gwfg
k|ltj]bgn] ;gnfO{6 sDkgLsf ! xhf/
@ ;o ^) j6f 6fG;km{/af6 jflifs{ ;f9]
b'O{ s/f]8 k}o+ fsf b/n] ljB't r'xfj6
ePsf] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . clgoldttfsf
sf/0f r'xfj6 ePsf] lgrf]8 ;lxt
5fgljg k|ltj]bgn] r'xfj6sf] gf]S;fgLnfO{
;d]t hf]8/] ljuf] sfod u/]sf] xf] . bf]Aa/
/sd e/fO{ lng kfpg] Joj:yf cg';f/
clVtof/n] r'xfj6af6 !% s/f]8 ^%
nfv k}o+ f e|i6frf/ ePsf] 7x/]sf] 5 .
o;}ljr, lrlgofF sDkgL x'jO] { ;gnfO6
On]lS6s sDkgLn] ljB't k|flws/0fnfO{
sd;n u'0f:t/sf] 6fG;km{/ cfk"lt{
u/]sfdf uNtL ePsf] :jLsf/ ub}{ ltgsf
7fpFdf ;a} km]l/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 .
6]G8/df plNnlvt u'0f:t/eGbf
sd;n 6fG;km{/ vl/b u/]sfdf
k|flws/0fsf sfo{sf/L lgb{z
] s /fd]Zj/
ofbj;lxt @@ sd{ef/L / sd;n
pks/0f cfk"lt{ u/]sfdf cfgf tLg
clwsf/L / g]kfnL Ph]G6lj?4 clVtof/n]
e|i6frf/sf] cleof]udf sf/afxL cl3
a9fPkl5 lrlgofF sDkgLn] kq k7fO{
km]l/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf] xf] . pSt sDkgLn]
o;sf nflu ;dotflnsf agfO{ jftf{
ug{ Ps pRr clwsf/L tf]Sg;d]t cfu|x
u/]sf] 5 . clVtof/n] sfo{sf/L lgb]z
{ s
ofbj;lxt @@ sd{rf/L, cfk"lt{stf{
lrlgofF sDkgLsf tLg clwsf/L / p;sf]
g]kfnL Ph]G6nfO{ b'O{ k6ssf] vl/bdf
k|flws/0fnfO{ $@ s/f]8 k}ofFeGbf a9L
gf]S;fgL k'ofPsf]df $@ s/f]8 xhf{gf,
;f]xL a/fa/sf] hl/jfgf / !) jif{;Dd
h]n ;hfo ug{] dfu ub}{ ljz]if cbfntdf
d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] 5 . e|i6frf/sf] d'2f
bfo/ ul/Psfdf x'j]O{sf cWoIf,
dxfk|aGws, clVtof/k|fKt k|ltlglw;lxt
tLg clwsf/L / g]kfnL Ph]G6 5g\ .
pQm k|s/0fdf lrlgofF sDkgLsf b'O{
clwsf/L;d]t kqmfp kl/;s]sf 5g\ eg]
Ps clwsf/L / g]kfnL Ph]G6 km/f/
5g\\ . k|flws/0fn] tfdfsf] tf/jfnf
u'0f:t/Lo 6fG;km{/ @)^&^* df !@
;o ^) / ;g\ @))( df & ;o #% yfg
vl/b ug{ cfJxfg u/]sf] 6]G8/df x'jO] {
sDkgL 5flgPsf] lyof] . pSt sDkgLn]
b'j} k6ssf] 6]G8/df tfdfsf] ;f
cfNd'lgod tf/ ePsf] 6fG;km{/ cfk"lt{
u/]sf] lyof] . k|flws/0fn] pSt sDkgLl;t
!! s/f]8 &# nfv k}ofFdf ljleGg
Ifdtfsf !@ ;o ^) yfg tyf ;g\
@))( df ( s/f]8 #^ nfvdf & ;o
#% 6fG;km{/ vl/b u/]sf] lyof] . sd;n
u'0f:t/sf ;fdfg cfk"lt{ u/]sfdf
g]kfndf cfgf] sDkgL ;fj{hlgs vl/b
P]gcg';f/ ;bfsf nflu sfnf];r
" Ldf kg',{
To;af6 cGt/fli6o:t/d} cfgf] k|lti7f
tyf ahf/ u'Dg] tyf 7"nf] /sd xhf{gf
ltg'kg]{ / cfgf tLg pRr clwsf/L /
g]kfnL Ph]G6 !) jif{;Dd h]ndf kg]{ ePsfn]
x'jO] n{ ] 6]G8/df plNnlvt u'0f:t/sf gofF
6fG;km{/ km]l/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf] hfgsf/L
k|flws/0fsf clwsf/Ln] lbP .
tL clwsf/Ln] 6fG;km{/ vl/b k|s/0f
clVtof/ / ljz]if cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg
/x]sfn] k|flws/0fn] s'g} klg sfg'gcg';f/
lrlgofF sDkgLsf] k|:tfjcg';f/ gofF
6fG;km{/d km]g] { k|:tfjdf jftf{ cl3 a9fpg
g;Sg] hfgsf/L lbP . k|flws/0fsf
lgldQ sfo{sf/L lgb]z
{ s njaxfb'/
l3ld/]n] x'jO] { sDkgLn] cu:6 @) df
kq k7fO{ sd;n u'0f:t/sf 6fG;km{/d
cfk"lt{ u/]sfdf uNtL :jLsf/ ub}{ ;a} -

xtf/df===
kIfn] cWoog ug{ / 5nkmn / ax;
rnfpg}kg]{ cfjZostf x'G5 . r'gfjsf
kIfkftLxn] eg]h:tf] s]slt / s'g
s'g sf/0f jf tYosf cfwf/df bf];f| ]
r'gfj lglj{sNk xf] t < clg s]slt /
s'gs'g tYoxsf] sf/0f r'gfj clgjfo{
;t{ xf]Og t < o; ljifodf zAbzAb
s]nfP/ lgisif{df k'Ug' of k'ofpg}kg]{ x'G5 .
r'gfjjfbL bnx / kIfx eG5g\
zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf]
bf];f| ] r'gfj lglj{sNk xf] . of] r'gfj ePg
eg] ;d:of cfpF5 . To;}n] ;]gf
kl/rfng u/]/ eP klg u'08f kl/rfng
u/]/ eP klg h'g;'s} xfntdf r'gfj
u/fP/ 5f8\gk' 5{ / d+;/ $ df g} r'gfj
u/fP/} b]vfOlbG5f}F . xf], b]zn] ;+ljwfg
kfpg}kb{5 . zflGt 5fpg} kb{5 / b]z
;d[l4sf] kydf nlDsg} kb{5 . of] ljifo
;To xf], cfjZos / ckl/xfo{ xf] . t/,
r'gfj Ps dfq ljsNk s;/L xf] < Tof]
klg d+l;/ $ ut] g} lsg < ;+ljwfg
cfpg] cGo af6fx ;+;f/d} 5Fb} 5}gg\ <
g]kfndf s'g} ljsNk g} afFsL 5}g < clg
km]l/ d+l;/ $ ut]eGbf cl3 g} jf kl5
eof] eg] rflxF s]s] sf/0f To;sf] cf}lrTo
/xFbg} < d+l;/ # df ePdf s] x'g] jf
d+l;/ % df eP s] x'g] < r'gfj d+l;/ $
===== of] ;'uf /6fg lsg < o;sf] cf}lrTo
k'li6 ug'k{ b}g{ r'gfjjfbLn] dtbftf;fd' <
clg dtbftfxn] klg t sf/0fx
vf]Hg}knf{ . gq g]kfndf g]tfsf] sfd
hgtf;Fu ef]6 dfUg] / hgtfsf] sfd g]tfnfO{
ef]6 lbg] ;+:s[ltn] dfq} b]zn] ;+ljwfg kfpF5
/ < clg zflGt cfpF5 / <
cem sltko g]tfxn] t o;f];Dd
eGg EofPsf 5g\ ls of] r'gfj Ps
o'udf Ps lbg Ps k6s cfpg] /]
jfkm /] jfkm ==== g]tfhL wGo xf]Og
tkfO{ + n ] @)^$ r} t @* ut]
;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj Ps lbgdf Ps
k6s cfP/ uO;s]sf] of t rfF8}
lal;{Psf] < ls tkfO{+ @)^$ r}t @*
ut]kl5 dfq} hGdg' ePsf] xf] < ls tkfO{+
d:t lgb|fdf x'gx' G' Yof] < jf Tolta]nf

tkfO{s
+ f] dfuhn] sfd u/]sf] lyPg xF <
xf]Og eg] s;/L eof] Ps k6s cfpg] <
eGbf bf];f| ] r'gfj eGg], JofVof ubf{ Ps
k6s dfq cfpF5 eGg] < r'gfj eg]sf]
/fhgLlts pynk'yn / kl/jt{gsf] dfu
xf] . h'g /fhgLlts bnxsf] e"ldsfdf
klg cfwfl/t x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj
s}of}F k6s klg cfpg ;S5 . Ps} k6s
gcfpg klg ;S5 . cfjZos k/]g eg]
r'gfjsf] s'g} h?/L 5}g . of] bf];f| ] r'gfjsf]
klg clgjfo{ cfjZos t 5 eGg] s'/}
cfwf/ 5}g . b]z / hgtfnfO{ rflxPsf]
t ;+ljwfg xf] . Tof] klg hgo'4 /
hgcfGbf]ngn] lbPsf] DofG8]6cg';f/
hg;+ljwfg xf] g ls ;+ljwfg gfd u/]sf]
Ps yfg xft] k':ts . r'gfjjfbLxn]
;+ljwfg n]Vgs} nflu r'gfjsf] dfWod
/f]hs
] f] xf] eg] lgDg k|Zgxsf] pQ/
lbg] ls < klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efn] lsg
;+ljwfg lbg ;s]g < s] ;ef;b\xsf]
;+Vof k'ug] < s] ;do k'ug] < ls ah]6
cefj eof] < ls ;+ljwfg n]vg sfo{df
sd{rf/Lxn] ;xof]u u/]gg\ < pk/f]Qm
k|Zg jf lh1f;fxsf] 3tnfUbf] pQ/
jf k|li6s/0f g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ lbg] ls
hgtfn] klg vf]Hg] ls < klxn]
;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf ef]6 xfNg
gkfPsf]n] Ps k6s ef]6 xfnf}F g t eGg]
s'g} dtbftfnfO{ k/]sf] x'g ;Snf . t/,
klxnf] r'gfjdf ef]6 xfn]sf] dtbftfn] rflxF
klxn] d}n] lbPsf] ef]6 stf uof] < r'gfjaf6
u7g ePsf] ;+ljwfg;ef stf yGSofP/
km]l/ r'gfjsf] s'/f ub}{ ef]6 dfUb} 5f}F eg]/
r'gfjjfbL g]tfnfO{ ;f]Wg] ls <
ljz] i fu/L xfn lj3l6t
;+ljwfg;efn] gofF afg]Zj/l:yt
cGt/f{li6o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|sf ;dfxndf
;+ljwfg n]vg sfo{ eO/x]sf] a]nf
;efxnsf] # g+= u]6g]/ ;8sdf kfn
6fFu/] ;ef;b\nfO{ d"bf{ agfpg], sff] vfg]
kIfxn] km]l/ bf];f| ] ;+ljwfg;ef /
;ef;b\sf] lj?4 s] ToxL gf6s ug'{ gk/f];\
otf ;f]Rg}knf{ ls < Pp6} JolQmsf] b'O{
k6s s[of lsg ug]{ < ToxL 7fpFdf
;ef;b\nfO{ kz' agfP/ bfDnfn] afFwL
xl/of] 3fF; v'jfpg] kIfxn] klg ;f]Rg}
knf{ ls < clg sfo{qmdsf] cf;kf;df
a;L pk|mLpk|mL tfnL k8\sfpg]
bz{sxn] klg ;f]Rg}knf{ ls < olb
tkfO{x+ n] ;sf/fTds ljj]ssf ;fy
To;a]nf # g+= u]6 cufl8 ;+ljwfg
n]vgsf nflu bafa k}bf ug]{ p2]Zoaf6}
;ef;b\nfO{ d"bf{ agfP/ s[ofk'qL a;]sf]
xf] eg], kz' agfP/ 3fF; v'jfPsf] xf]
eg], km]l/ To;f] ug'{ gk/f];\ tkfO{x+ n] .
tfnL k8\sfpg' gk/f];\ bz{sn] . pm anf]
tkfO{x+ n] u/]sf] lj/f]w jf bafad"ns
;f+sl] ts sfo{qmdk|lt d]/f] k"0f{ ;dy{g
/x] s f] lyof] . clxn] ; Dd d} n ]
;sf/fTdskdf g} lnO/x]sf] 5' . To;}n]
km]l/ k'/fg} gf6s tkfO{x+ n] dGrg ug'k{ g]{
cj:yf gcfcf] ; \ . g] t fxsf]
zAbhfndf km;]/ aaf{bLsf] ofqfnfO{ s;}n]
k|fT] ;fxg ug'{ /fd|f] xf]Og . g t a'l4dfgL
g} . d+l;/ $ sf] cfudgsf] ult;Fu}
g]tfx eGb}5g\, r'gfjdf ef]6 xfNg'
hgtfsf] clwsf/ xf], nf]stGq xf] . g]tfn]
ef]6 dfu]/ kb, k};f, kfpg] hgtfn] ef]6
lbP/ cefj, c;'/Iff, dxFuL, e|i6frf/,
cTofrf/, clglZrttf ug]{ / u/fpg] xf]
eg] t of] k+lQmsf/sf] eGg' s]xL 5}g .
t/, tkfO{+ ;Dk"0f{ kIfn] ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0fkl5sf] ;d[4 g]kfnsf] kl/sNkgf
ug'{ ePsf] xf] eg] of] bf];f| ] r'gfj tkfO{s
+ f]
;'Gb/ / ;sf/fTds ;kgfsf] 7Lsljk/Lt
5 . h'g ljkgf xf] . Tof] csNkgLo x'g5] .
To;}n] g]skfdfcf]jfbLn] elg/x]sf]
5, ;fwgdf xf]Og, ;fBdf s]lGb|t ax;
u/f}F . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ;fwg dfq}
xf], ;fB t ;+ljwfg xf] . ;fB clgjfo{
cfjZostf xf] . ;fwg clgjfo{ x'bF g} .
klxn] ;+ljwfg n]lvg] ;'lglZrt u/f},F
To;kl5 r'gfjsf] pkof]lutf x'G5 . t/,
bnsf g]tfxn] cGwf] agL r'gfj /
dfq r'gfj s]lGb|t ax; / lqmofsnfk
ub}5
{ g\ . Pdfcf]jfbLn] !#) ;L6 Nofpg]
bfaL u/]sf] 5 . Pdfn]n] casf] r'gfjdf
Pdfn] b]zsf] 7"nf] kf6L{ ag]/ b]vfpg]
eGb}5 . sfFu;] | n] t afFsL /fVg] s'/} ePg .
d]wzL bn emg\ df}g a:g} ;Sb}g .
Pdfcf]jfbLs} !#) ePkl5 Tof]eGbf 7"nf]
bn sfFu;] | sf] !#!, Pdfn]sf !#@, dw]zLsf]
!## / c?c? ;fgf kf6L{n] clncln
ubf{ sDtLdf klg #) ;L6 hlt xf]nf .
hDdf hf]8b\ f $#( x'G5 . xf]Og g]kfndf
lgjf{rg cfof]un] sltj6f lgjf{rg If]q

lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 xF < of] k+lQmsf/ /

ljnvaGbdf kof] t
Tolt dfq} xf] / < Pdfcf]jfbLn] of]
r'gfjdf klg cfgf] kf6L{n] b'O{ ltxfO{
gNofP ;+ljwfg g} gn]lvg] wDsL lbPsf]
5 / lbO/x]sf] 5 . sfFu;]| df klg ToxL
5 . Pdfn]n] To;} eG5 . dw]zL klg
sd 5}g . o;n] s] a'emfpF5 eg] s;}sf]
b'O{ ltxfO{ dt cfpFbg} cfOxfn]df klg
b'Ol{ txfO{jfnf bnsf] lj?4df afFsL tLg
bnsf] ;+oQ' m df]rf{ ag]/ ;+ljwfg n]Vg}
lbg] 5}g . To;}n] c3f]liftkdf bf];f| ]
;+ljwfg;efsf] klg s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g .
clg s]sf nflu r'gfj < cem} kl5Nnf]
/fhgLlts 36gfqmdn] t emg\ 7"nf]
;g;gLk"0f{ cfz+sfsf] x'G8/L g} NofPsf]
5 g]kfnL /fhgLltdf . rf/ bnLo
l;lG8s]6sf] x]8Sjf6/af6 g]skf
dfcf]jfbL r'gfjlj/f]wL, ;+ljwfglj/f]wL,
zflGtlj/f]wL, nf]stGqlj/f]wL cflb eg]/
ab\gfd ug]{ b'ik|of; / g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf]
a9\bf] k|efjsf sf/0f b'O{ zlQmaLr
6s/fjsf] l:ylt aGb} uPsf] avt
dfcf]jfbLsf] sfo{qmdcg';f/ uf]nd]r
;Dd]ng ug]{ ;}4flGts lg0f{okl5 g]kfnL
;dfh / /fhgLltdf k/]sf] ;sf/fTds
k|efjdfly PsfPs t'iff/fkft x'g] u/L
rf/ bnn] lsg ;xdlt tf]8/] hgtfsf]
cfzfsf] lklk/f]nfO{ rKn]6f]n] lsr] < of]
k|Zg uDeL/ 5 . o;sf] ;xL / lrQa'bf]
pQ/ ha;Dd cfpg] 5}g, ta;Dd
Oltxf;n] Tof] rf/ bnnfO{ af/Daf/
;f]lw/xg] 5 < g]skfdfcf]jfbLn] rf/
bnsf] of] lg0f{ok|lt k'gM ljrf/ ug{ cfu|x
ub}{ j}bl] zs x:tIf]ksf] pkh 7fg]sf] 5 .
rf/ bnsf x/]s lqmofsnfkxn] klg
o; s'/fsf] k'li6 ug]{ k|z:t cfwf/ 5g\ .
o;y{ of] r'gfj ;+ljwfg n]Vg g]kfnLn]
;DkGg ug]{ r'gfj geO{ ljb]zLsf] Ozf/fdf
b]znfO{ l;lSsdLs/0fsf] ofqfdf ws]Ng]
cleofgfTds cj;/ dfq ePsf]n] ;a}
b]zeQm /fi6jfbL hgtf / dtbftfxn]
;dod} ;ts{ agf}F . gq xtf/df lg0f{o
u/]/ k'm;{bdf k5'tfpg'knf{ . s'/f a'em]/
kZrftfk ug]{ ;do;Dd b]z cs}s
{ f]
eO;Snf xf]l;of/ cfh} agf}F .
-n]vs g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o x'g\ ._

clVtof/sf] = ==
a9'jf sfo{ Ifdtf d"Nof+sg / cfGtl/s
k|ltof]lutff/f dfq ul/g] Joj:yf 5
t/ clxn] gf}hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ Ps tx
a9'jf u/L lgoddf x'bF } gePsf] kb
l;h{gf ul/Psf] xf] . k|dv
' ;xfos 5}6f}+
tx, pTkfbg ;xfos 5}6f+} tx / d'Vo
gfOs] kfFrf}+ tx x'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] .
of] Joj:yf sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjnLsf]
cg';r
" L& s / v tyf cg';r
" L@
ljk/Lt /x]sf] 5 . ;DalGwt ljifosf]
] f / kfFr jif{klg ;]jf cjlw
of]Uotf gk'us
gk'us
] f gf} sd{rf/LnfO{ :t/ j[l4 ul/Psf]
;|ft] n] hfgsf/L lbof] . lgodfg';f/ k|dv
'
;xfos / pTkfbg ;xfos kfFrf}+ txsf
dfq} x'G5g\ . t/, 5}6f}+ agfpFbf k|zf;sLo
clws[t eGg] kb lbg'kb{5 . Tof] klg
!% jif{ sfd u/]sf] / of]Uotf k'us
] fnfO{
dfq lbOg] Ps clwsf/Ln] atfP .
o;}u/L, d'Vo gfOs] rf}yf] txsf dfq x'g]
ePsfn] kfFrf}+ txdf n}hfFbf k|dv
' ;xfos
jf pTkfbg ;xfos agfpg'k5{ . d'Vo
gfOg] kfFrf}+ tx agfO{ lgdosf] pNn+3g
ul/Psf] ;|ft] n] hfgsf/L lbof] . ut jif{
@@ d+l;/df gf}hgfsf] a9'jf ul/Pkl5
Tof] ljifo ljjflbt aGb} cfPsf] lyof] .
dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] ;f] ;ldltsf]
)^*^( sf] k|ltj]bgdf a9'jf ul/Psf
gf} sd{rf/Ln] lnPsf] a9'jfsf] tnanfO{
a]?h'df /fv]sf] 5 .
a9'jf u/]sf sd{rf/Lsf] tnaL
k|ltj]bg kfl/t gu/L vr{ n]lvPsf] eGb}
dxfn]vfn] a]?h' b]vfPsf] xf] . ;ldltsf]
k|zf;g zfvfaf6 sd{rf/Lsf] tnaL
k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{] Joj:yf ldnfO{ kfl/t
u/]/ dfq vr{ n]Vg'kg]{ eGb} ut #)
;fpgdf dxfn]vfn] j}Bvfgf ljsf;
;ldltnfO{ kq k7fPsf] 5 . dxfn]vfn]
kq k7fPkl5 j}Bvfgf ljsf; ;ldltn]
tna tyf ljz]if eQf ah]6 :jLs[t
gx'bF } k|zf;g k|dv
' n] tnaL k|ltj]bg
kfl/t ug{ ldNb}g . ;f]xL ljifonfO{ lnP/
# ebf}df ljsf; ;ldltsf] a}7s a;]sf]
lyof] . a}7sdf b/aGbLcg';f/ xfn}
kbk" l t{ ;ldltn] u/] s f] gf} h gf
sd{rf/Lsf]:t/ j[l4 lgod;+ut /

lgoddf pNn]lvt :jLs[t b/aGbLleq

gk/]sf] / clVtof/af6 cg';Gwfg
eO/x]sfn] clVtof/n] o;sf] 6'u+ f]
gnufP;Dd lg0f{o gug]{ 6'u+ f]df ;ldlt
k'us
] f] lyof] . ;f] lg0f{okl5 a9'jf ePsf
gf}hgf sd{rf/Ln] k|zf;g zfvfdf
3]/faGbL u/L k|zf;gsf sd{rf/LnfO{
ufnLunf}h u/]sf lyP . d'Vo kdf
k|dv
' ;xfos u0f]zk|;fb cfrfo{ /
pTkfbg ;xfos ch'g{ ;fxn] / d'Vo
gfOs] ;"o/{ fh k'/' Ln] b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sf eGb}
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sf7df8f+d} F f ;d]t
ph'/L k/]sf] 5 . kfFrf}t+ xdf a9'jf x'gd] f
k|dv
' ;xfos Clif/fd k/fh'nL, u0f]z
cfrfo{ pTkfbg ;xfos ch'g{ ;fx, nfnafa'
;fx, /fh]Gb| yfkf du/, OlGb/f zdf{ /
rf}yf] txaf6 kfFrf}+ txdf a9'jf ePsf
dfs{l] 6 ;xfos lar/L ;fx, cflbTo 7fs'/
/ d'Vo gfOs] ;"o/{ fh k'/L 5g\ .

;'lj;'====
hfgsf/L u/fOof] . b[li6lalxgxsf]
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwdf kx'r
F
/fVgsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf gofFgofF
k|ljlwxsf] klg k|bz
{ gL ul/g]5 .

/fi6
kltnfO{===
bnxaLr ;j{bnLo uf]nd]r;ef ug{
;}4flGts ;xdlt klg ePsf] lyof] . t/
;xdltsf] b'O{ lbg klg laTg gkfpFb}
oxL ebf} * ut]sf] jftf{df pSt
;xdltnfO{ $ bnsf g] t fxn]
ck|Toflzt kdf pN6fP . uf]nd]r;ef
ug{ c:jLsf/ dfq ul/Pg, jftf{nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbg ;d]t $ bnsf g]tfx
tof/ ePgg\ / jftf{nfO{ e u/] . ctM
;f]xL lbgd} ## bnLo df]rf{sf] a}7s a;L
pSt jftf{ e ul/Psf] kl/36gfnfO{
b'Mvb eGb} $ bnsf g]tfxnfO{ pSt
lg0f{odfly k'glj{rf/ ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf]
lyof] . t/, cfh;Dd klg $ bnsf
g]tfx k'glj{rf/ ug{ tof/ ePgg .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] jftf{ 6f]nL;Fu klg ##
bnLo df]rf{sf tkm{af6 k6sk6s jftf{
ul/of] . bnxaLr uf]nd]r;efdfkm{t\
/fli6o ;xdlt sfod ug{ ;xhstf{sf]
e"ldsfsf] nflu ;/sf/;Fu cfu|x klg
ul/of] . k/Gt', ;/sf/ kIf klg
;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ tof/
ePg . To;}n] /fi6kd| v
' sf] x}l;otn] ;a}
/fhg}lts bnxsf] aLrdf uf]nd]r;ef
ug{ /fli6o ;xdlt sfod ug{ ;xhstf{sf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/of] egL ;DdfggLo
/fi6klt Ho";dIf of] 1fkgkq k|:t't
u/]sf 5f}+ . cfzf Pj+ ljZjf; 5 ls
/fi6klt Ho"af6 ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x
x'g5] / ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv ljdltsf]
ofqf/t bnxaLr /fli6o ;xdltsf] dfu{
v'Ng]5 / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f tyf lgjf{rgsf]
d'2fnfO{ klg ;xh 9af6 ;Daf]wg x'g5] .
cGoyf $ bnsf] ljdltsf] ofqf /
lgif]wfTds /j}of oyfjt /x]df To;n]
d'ns
' nfO{ uDeL/ ;6df km;fpg]5 . ;fy},
To;n] /fHozlStsf] b'kof]u u/L
d'ns
' nfO{ Gdf ;d]t km;fpg] 5 /
k|sf/fGt/n] g]kfnsf] /fli6o cl:dtfnfO{
g} w/fkdf kfg{5] . To; cj:yfdf /fli6o
:jfwLgtfsf] /Iffsf] nflu :jfledfgL
g]kfnLxsf] lglDt /fli6o :jfwLgtfsf]
cfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk /xg] 5}g . oxL
l:yltnfO{ /fi6klt Ho"n] uDeL/tfk"js
{
lng'xg' 5] egL cfzf lnPsf 5f}+ .

r' g fj===
/x]sf] atfpF5g\ . aflx/Lkdf rf/ bn
r'gfjsf] tof/Ldf nfu]h:tf] b]lvP klg
c;nLkdf pgLx r'gfjdf hfg
8/fO/x]sf 5g\ .
;/sf/ / rf/ bn h;/L r'gfjsf]
tof/L ub}{5g\, To;}u/L, g]skf
dfcf]jfbL;lxtsf] ## bnLo df]rf{ klg
r'gfjnfO{ c;kmn kfg]{ tof/Ldf h'6s
] f]
5 . df]rf{n] r'gfjnfO{ ;zQm alxisf/
ug] {
tof/L:jk
b] z e/
hgr] t gfnufotsf]
ljleGg
sfo{qmdxnfO{ tLj|tf lbFb} uPsf] 5 .
b]zdf nf]stGqsf] l;4fGtljk/Lt
jxfnjfnf GofofwLznfO{ ;/sf/sf]
afu8f]/ ;'lDkP/, b;jif]{ hgo'4 / !(
lbg] hgcfGbf]ngsf] dd{ljk/Lt sfd
ePsf] / To;nfO{ ;Rofpg'kg]{ ## bnLo
df]rf{sf] dfunfO{ cfdhgtfsf] ;fy /
;dy{g a9\b} uPsf] 5 . b]zsf] jt{dfg
;+s6af6 kf/ kfpg r'gfj ;dfwfg xf]Og
eGg] /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsxsf] ts{ 5 .
olb ;fFRr} b]znfO{ jt{dfg ;+s6af6
d'Qm ug]{ xf] eg] ## bnLo df]rf{n] eg]h:t}

! xhf/ ( ;o $) j6f_ 6fG;km{/d

km]l/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbP .
o;cl3 pSt sDkgLn] cfk"lt{ u/L
k|flws/0fn] ljleGg 7fpFdf h8fg u/]sf
%^ j6f 6fG;km{/d sd;n u'0f:t/sf]
ePsf] 5fglag ;ldltn] cf}N+ ofPkl5
x'jO] n{ ] ut jif{sf] gf]eD] a/df tL 6fG;km{/d
km]l/lbPsf] lyof] . x'jO] n{ ] kl5Nnf] kqdf
afFsL ! xhf/ ( ;o $) j6f;d]t
km]l/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf] xf] . lg/LIf0fsf
qmddf tL %^ j6} 6fG;km{/d Pp6}
k|s[ltsf] ;d:of e]l6Psf] lyof] .
k|flws/0fsf ljt/0f tyf u|fxs ;]jf
ljefusf lgb{]zs pk]Gb|b]j en]
6fG;km{/d vl/b k|s/0f cbfntdf
k'lu;s]sfn] k|flws/0fn] lrlgofF sDkgLsf]
k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf s'g} k|To'Q/ gk7fPsf]
hfgsf/L lbP . 6fG;km{/d k|s/0f
clVtof/ / ljz]if cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg
/x]sf a]nf xfdLn] lrlgofF sDkgLl;t
s;/L jftf{ cl3 a9fpg ;S5f}+ <
k|flws/0f Ps clwsf/Ln] eg] jftf{sf
qmddf lrlgofF sDkgLsf cWoIf of
p;sf clwsf/L kqmfp k/]df sf]
hjfkmb]xL x'G5 < clVtof/n] e|i6frf/sf]
cleof]udf Jofks dfqfdf sf/afxL k|lqmof
cl3 a9fPkl5 k|flws/0fsf sd{rf/Lx
eolet eO/x]sf a]nf go"" 6fG;km{/d
km]gs
{ f nflu k|flws/0fsf s;}n] klg lrlgofF
sDkgLl;t kxn ug{;Sg] ;Defjgf g}
g/x]sf] ;|ft] n] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . rLg /
yfONofG8af6 cfk" l t{ ul/Psf
6fG;km{/dnufotsf pks/0fdf ;d:of
b]lvPkl5 ;g\ @)!@ df k|flws/0fn]
5fglag ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] .
6fG;km{/d sd;n u'0f:t/sf ePsfn]
ljB't r'xfj6 a9L x'g] u/]sf] / sltko
k'm6\g] k8lsg]nufotsf ;d:of b]lvPsf]
lyof] . k|flws/0fsf tTsfnLg ;~rfns
;ldlt ;b:o s[i0fk|;fb b'nfnn] ljleGg
7fpFdf h8fg ul/Psf $ xhf/ ^ ;o
%& j6f 6fG;km{/d kl/If0f u/]sf] lyof] .
k|flws/0fn] rf/j6f lrlgofF / Pp6f yfO{
sDkgLaf6 6fG;km{/d vl/b u/]sf] lyof] .
5fglag ;ldltn] 6fG;km{/d 6]G8/sf]
zt{adf]lhd tfdfsf] tf/jfnf x'gk' g{d] f
cfNd'lgodsf] tf/jfnf k|fljlws kdf
sd;n:t/sf /x] s f] / To;df
k|flws/0fsf clwsf/Lx bf]ifL /x]sf]
k|ltj]bg lbPsf] lyof] .

sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#@)^#^$

uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng u/]/ 7f]; lgisif{
lgsfNg'k5{ eGg] pgLxsf] 7x/ 5 . d+l;/
$ df r'gfj u/fpg] rf/ bnsf] pb\3f]if
/ oyfl:yltdf d+l;/ $ df r'gfj x'g
g;s] ## bnLo df]rf{sf] c8fgsf] sf/0f
;+s6 emg\ ulxl/g] lglZrt 5 . rf/
bnn] hlt;'s} r'gfjsf] /6 nufP klg
## bnLo df]rf{nfO{ g;d]6;] Dd r'gfj
;Dej 5}g . To;}n] r'gfjsf] ldlt hlt
glhlsFb} 5, rf/ bnnfO{ Tolts} tgfj
a9\b} 5 . To;}sf] kmn:jk rf/ bnsf
g]tfxn] clxn] laxfga]ns
' f g} cfgf]
cleJolQmx km]g{] u/]sf 5g\ .

c;f]
h===
df]rf{sf] tkm{af6 lj/f]w Pj+ v]b k|s6
ub}{ pSt lg0f{onfO{ k'glj{rf/ ug{ $
bnsf g]tfx?;Fu k'gM cfu|x ul/of] .
t/ To;af/] cfh;Dd $ bnsf
g]tfx?af6 s'g} klg k|sf/sf] k'glj{rf/
ul/Psf] 5}g . To;}n] km]l/ klg
uDeL/tfk"js
{ k'glj{rf/ u/L jftf{sf] kxn
u/L /fli6o ;xdlt sfod ug{ hf]8bf/
cfu|x ub{5f}F . cGoyf, oyfl:yltsf]
lgjf{rg lj?4 v8f x'gs
' f] ljsNk /xFbg}
/ lgjf{rg alxisf/ cfGbf]ngsf lgDg
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug{ afWo x'g5
] f}F .
bnx?sf] aLrdf uf]nd]r;efsf] lglDt
/fi6kltaf6 ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsfsf]
ck]Iff;lxt oxL ebf} !# ut] /fi6klt
sfof{nodf 1fkgkq a'emfpg] . oxL
ebf}sf] bf];f| ] xKtf ljleGg /fhgLlts
bn, gful/s ;dfh / ;/f]sf/jfnf
a'l4hLjLx?;Fu $ bnsf g]tfx?n] jftf{
e u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ sf7df8f}d+ f
a[xt cGt/lqmofTds uf]i7L ug]{ . ;a}
lhNnfx?df ## bnLo ;+oS' t ;+oGq
cljnDa u7g u/L @$) j6f lgjf{rg
If]q:t/df cleofg 6f]nLx? agfO{ k|rf/
k|;f/, rf]s;ef, sf]0f;ef, 3/b}nf],
leQ]nv
] g nufotsf cleofgfTds
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{ . ebf} @^
ut]bl] v c;f]h ! ut];Dd If]qut aGbsf
sfo{ q mdx? ;~rfng ug] { .
h;cg';f/,ebf} @^ ut] a'waf/
pkTosf -sf7df8f},+ nlntk'/ / eStk'/_
aGb ug{] . ebf} @& ut] laxLaf/ k"jL{
If]q -Onfd, kfFry/, tfKn]h' , t]xy| d' ,
wgs'6f, ;+vj' f;ef, ef]hk'/, vf]6f,
;f]nv
' D' a', cf]vn9'f, pbok'/, emfkf, df]/
/ ;'g;/L_ aGb ug{ . ebf} @* ut]
z'qmaf/ ;'b/' klZrd If]q -c5fd,
afh'/f, aemf, bfr'n{ f, a}t8L, 88]nw'/f,
8f]6L, ;'vt]{ , hfh/sf]6, 8f]Nkf, h'Dnf,
d'u,' x'Dnf, sflnsf]6, b}nv
] , s~rgk'/,
s}nfnL, alb{of, afFs] / bf_ aGb ug]{ .
ebf} #) ut] cfOtaf/ k"jL{ t/fO{ ;Kt/L, l;/fxf, wg'iff, dxf]Q/L, ;nf{xL,
af/f, k;f{ / /f}tx6_ aGb ug{] . ebf} #!
ut] ;f]daf/ dWo klZrd -?s'd,
;Nofg, /f]Nkf, Ko"7fg, u'NdL, c3f{vfFrL,
kfNkf, afUn', DofUbL, uf]/vf, nDh',
dgf, d':tf, tgx',F sf:sL, kj{, :of\hf,
slknj:t', ?kGb]xL / gjnk/f;L aGb
ug]{ . c;f]h ! ut] d+unaf/ dWo
kxf8 -l;Gw'nL, /fd]5fk, bf]nvf,
l;Gw'kfNrf]s, sfe|,] g'jfsf]6, /;'jf, wflb,
lrtjg / dsjfgk'/_ aGb ug{] . d'Vo
d'Vo zx/x?df a[xt\ hg;efx? cfof]hgf
ug{] . c;f]h @ ut] a'waf/ hgsk'/
/ a'6jn c;f]h # ut] laxLaf/
lrtjg / O6x/Lc;f]h $ ut] z'qmaf/
la/u~h / wgu9Lc;f]h & ut]
;f]daf/ sf7df8f}+ / kf]v/f . c;f]h (
/ !) ut] g]kfn aGb ug]{ . If]qut aGb
tyf g]kfn aGb ubf{ ahf/, snsf/vfgf,
lzIf0f ;+:yf / oftfoft ;Dk"0f{ ?kn]
aGb x'g5
] . -ahf/tkm{ cf}ifwL k;nx?
eg] v'nf /xg]5 . oftfofttkm{ xl:k6nsf
uf8L, PDa'nG] ;, /]8qm;sf uf8L, zj
jfxg, kmf]xf]/ af]Sg] uf8L, kfgL af]Sg]
uf8L, k|;] / dfgj clwsf/sf uf8L /
s"6g}lts lgof]usf uf8Lx? eg] v'nf
/xg]5g\ . If]qut aGb tyf g]kfn aGbsf]
cl3Nnf] lbg ;fem ;a} zx/ tyf lhNnf
;b/d'sfdx?df aGbsf] nflu cfX\jfg
ub}{ l;L h'nz
' k|bz{g ug{] .
gf]6 M c;f]h !! b]lv d+l;/ $
;Ddsf] yk sfo{qmd kl5 hf/L x'g5
] .
cfb/0fLo hg;d'bfox?,;j{bnLo
uf]nd]r;eff/f /fli6o ;xdlt sfod u/]/
dfq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug{k' g]{
cfjZostf ePsf]n] cfGbf]ngsf pk/f]St
sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ;kmn kfl/lbg'xg' dhb"/,
ls;fg, oftfoft Joj;foL, pBdLJofkf/L,
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