Q1. A well- formulated strategy is vital for growth and development of any organization.

Explain corporate strategy in different types of organizations. (Corporate strategy in small business 2marks ; Corporate strategy in large business 2marks; Corporate strategy in multinational 2 marks; Corporate strategy on public sectors 2marks; Corporate strategy on non-profit organizations 2marks) Ans: A well-formulated strategy is vital for growth and development of any organizationwhether it is a small business, a big private enterprise, a public sector company, a multinational corporation or a non-profit organization. But, the nature and focus of corporate strategy in these different types of organizations will be different, primarily because of the nature of their operations and organizational objectives and priorities. Corporate strategy in Small businesses: for example, generally operate in a single market or a limited number of markets with a single product or a limited range of products. The nature and scope of operations are likely to be less of a strategic issue than in larger organizations. Not much of strategic planning may also be required or involved; and, the company may be content with making and selling existing product(s) and generating some profit. Corporate strategy in large businesses or companieswhether in the private sector, public sector or multinationalsthe situation is entirely different. Both the internal and the external environment and the organizational objectives and priorities are different. For all large private sector enterprises, there is a clear growth perspective, because the stakeholders want the companies to grow, increase market share and generate more revenue and profit. For all such companies, both strategic planning and strategic management play dominant roles. Corporate strategy in Multinationals has a greater focus on growth and development, and also diversification in terms of both products and markets. This is necessary to remain internationally competitive and sustain their global presence. For example, multinational companies like General Motors, Honda and Toyota may have to decide about the most strategic locations or configurations of plants for manufacturing the cars.

Corporate strategy in public sector companies, objectives and priorities can be quite different from those in the private sector. Generation of employment and maximizing output may be more important objectives than maximizing profit. Stability rather than growth may be the priority many times. Accountability system is also very different in public sector from that in A well-formulated strategy is vital for growth and development of any organization whether it is a small business, a big private enterprise, a public sector company, a multinational corporation or a non-profit organization. But, the nature and focus of corporate strategy in these different types of organizations will be different, primarily because of the nature of their operations and organizational objectives and priorities.
Corporate strategy on non-profit organizations

Q2. Businesses need to be planned not only for today, but also for tomorrow, that is, for the future which implies business continuity. Write the importance of business continuity planning. Explain any two strategies for business continuity planning.

(Meaning of business continuity planning 2 marks; Importance of business continuity planning 3 marks ; Explanation of any 2 business continuity planning 5 marks) 10 marks Q3. Governed corporation is a model of successful corporate governance. Define and explain governed corporation. Distinguish between managed corporation and governed corporation in terms of boards role, major characteristics and policies of a company. (Definition and introduction governed corporation 4 marks; Distinguish between managed corporation and governed corporation.(each point of difference carries 2 marks) 6 marks) 10 marks Q4. Price or market competitiveness of a product or business depends on its cost competitiveness. Cost competitiveness implies two things-cost efficiency and cost effectiveness. Explain the concept of cost efficiency of an organization. Analyze the major determinants of cost efficiency. (Introduction of cost efficiency 2 marks; explanation of four major factors of cost efficiency 8 marks) Q5. Stability strategy is most commonly used by an organization. An organization will continue in similar business as it currently pursues similar objectives and resource base. Discuss six situations when it is good/best to pursue stability strategy. Give some Indian examples. (Explanation of six situations 6 marks; examples 4 marks) 10 marks Q6. Corporate culture governs, to a large extent, business ethics and values in an organization. Describe the state of business ethics in Indian companies. Analyze in terms of KPMG business ethics survey. (Introduction of business ethics in Indian companies 2 marks; Major findings of KPMG 8 marks)