EMANO: 01 0p86N601 08 urdunr) Sidragy omy Ayia (Stonehenge) evduypayigovrav he my avaroN} rou nhiou oro bepwé nitootda.o Kata: Mnxanouds Avtuurjpuy. @pavouara Kat avanapéoraon Tou unxamopou. H avéduan éywe he toyoypagia cxcivwy X anoxanineroveag Thy eoutepint Sop tou KaB.ig kav un oparé eiyevo, pnxanapds avagéperat 8 aarpovopind orowyeia drug péywwon exheiyewy Kat nuepordya. Freeth T. et al. (2007) Nature 444, 587-591, alba Yas) Tea Cel aati a Tea UPA UCU Ca GUY APXAIO-METPIA ‘Tou INANNH AYPITZH H apxatodoyia, n adedgr ts lotopiac, ohoKANpwvetat OTO AVTIKEiLEVO-OTOXO TloU HEAETa WEda aM TH OUvépyeta TWV OUVOUCOLEVWV QUOIKMV ETMOTRUGY Kal Tw VEWV TexvoAoyldv. Oxt TAEOV WC [La MANPOopia la THY EEWTEPIKT @AOUSA EVdC OTOXOU-KPELLUDIOU, AAAG wo Eva OUVEXES Eepdovdtopa omy avachtmon AUoEwv rou artagxoouv TOV APXALOAGYO, HE ANOTéAEOLA ag’ Evdc THY UAOTO{NON XIAGSWV EMAPLOYUV Kal ag’ ETEPOU OTHV avakahuYyN vEwv pe8dduv eriAvons MPOBANLATw. H yvwon Twv «pICwv» TOU avOpUrtou Kal N AvTANON THs TANPoPopiac aNd Tov UAKO TOAITIOLG XPELaGEtat pla dtertotMPovIKN exriaiSeuon, 7 ortoia KaGlepwpeva MEV Ste8vws AaUBavETat ard KaB’ UANV UMEUBUVOUG APXALOWETPES OTIC TIPOTITUXLAKES KAL LeTaMtUXlakés OToUdEs. | BeriKég ertortiHeg ritav avéKa- OQ @ev ta «epyade(a» wedétng TH gang Kat TOU avepdnou. And TO [uIKPOOKOMIKG GTOHO WG TO SIGOTEAS- evo auumay, n gan Kat o1 SLStNTEG TOU KOGHO-XwPOXPOVOU, aKOUIN Kal N «a- épam» ouvdeon HeTaEs tous, eferaco- vtat pe e€eAtypévn opyavoaoyia Kat Ta npogntixd BewpNTiKd Hovréha TwY UD Kev entoTnpd. 0 dvépunog (avepwntses) Kat to nept- BaAAov, nou cuvuntipEav Kat aAAnAerti- dpagay e849 Kat Sudytot exaToHnUpIA XpOvIa, HE THY wg OTILEpA TOUAAXWaTOV év- deiEN, Katy weTEnetta eEEAUKTIKH TOU NO- peia anotehouv Tig «pifec» tou aUyxpo- vou av8punou. To Baupaors auté Susvu- Ho xapaxmnpiZerat and: a) tn HOPgOAOYI- Kr-avarouini Tou e€€AEN, B) Ty Napou- g(a tou Kai Ty AenToLepY), 600 yiverat, ro- Amotixi| gaan nou avéntuEe, He Bdon THY avéntugn epyadeiwy, xprion guridg, ava- 16 /IETOPIA/ MAIOE 2009Grimon tpogrg, KowwviKooIKOVoLKr} 50- uh, nokttuKy tepapxia Kat eEouata, Kata- VOL aoXOAuiY K.d., y) TI WeTavaored- oeig Aoyw KAIATIKGY aAAaYGV, Kal CEE peuviigeig/anoiKiou6, 8) Tv avagéotaon Yevikotepa Twv apxaiwy oLd5uv Kat vo- hdSwv Kat opyavwévav Kowvwvidy, tou olKooUaTHHATOS Kal TOU apXaio-naha\o- nepiBédAovros nou é{naay, €) Tic LeTaBo- és TOU yrivoU NepIBAAoVTOG ané evBo- yevr aitta (seicpoi, npaioteta, mAnuUU- pes, TUPwvEG, KaTOAGErGEIG, aAAayT Koithng NoTapiv) aoTpoVOLIKG aitia (rrdon petewprtay Kat KOLNTIY, WSAUV- on atudopaipag, nayeTives, akpaia pe- TewpOhoYIKa PalvspEva, EmnplES) 01 napadootaxég emoripes tou av- Gpiimiou gxouv peTeEEAIxBel (\HETAAAGYBEi 6a unopodoaye va noupe) Ge eEeWSiKEU- héva nedia yia thy aptiétepn Kat Ge Ba- Gog epynveia Twv av8pwnivey Spactn- plonftwy. Erot éyive adijpimn n avéykn va hetaAhaxBei Kat o oSnyé¢ onoubiiv Tew Raventotnpiwv, we guaIK6 ertaKdAouBo a- NO Thy entoxt} Tou AapBivou atn atyXpo- Vn HETANOAEUUKH Nepiodo dg or|uepA Kat ‘avandgeuKta oto Lédov. Ong eivar pu- KO n SuvayKH OTHY EEEAIEN Twy MOA cuiv etoriyaye véeg yudoeic, véeg texvo- Doyieg Kat véa UAtKd TOU yivovrat ta aya- 84 Tou UAKOU NOAITIGHOU, We KUPIO UTTOTi- Berat WEANHA Kat CKONS TY MPGOdO TOU av8pinou omy uyeia, ty e£epevnon Tou NepIBAAAOVTOG XWPOU Kal TOU dta- onfpatos, Tov autonpoddiopicy6, wéoa cunoriderar and ta KaAAtepynuévn au- Toopyavwan. H nipdo50g avanégeuxta ouyxéeral He THY UNEpKaTAVaAWaN, TOV MAOUTIONS, Tig KoWvwwikés avTBEaEIG, THY éAAeWN apHoviag oUVEnapENg HETaEE Twv avpinww, Kal aUTAV [le TO PUCIKE NepIBAMAOV. To «néAeHog nattip névrwy» TOU PUTIKOL MPOCWKPATIKOU GASGOMOU HpdkAerrou tou E@éotou Kat To ordo ab chao paiverat dwg va eivat o kavévag Via autoopyavwon kat Ty dnoia e&EAIEN, H autoyvwoia pag dev éxet TédoG H pyr, apou Kérou auTé Ta onLE(a cUva- vtudvrat («tautiZovtaw), evéxet duwg tov BraKar} N60, we Karoo apyeTUTIKS yo- vidio, va yvwpiZoupE To napEAssv jiag, ‘HV lotopia rag Kat thy npoictopia Lac, ug apyaieg Kowwvies. Me anoKoupéves ug «pilegr Hag, To napév Kat To UEAAOV hag, © okonég Kat 6,11 unapEiaKé dfmua ‘avapderat ennpedZovrat KaBopiotiKd. H Souhetd Tou apyaioAdyou yevird et- vat va avatnrei aurég Tig «piZeq» 1a, Kat va Tig avaouvéret we yuan onoudala sive doa ané ta oropiKG Kejueva etre a- Nd erummBeupeves avaoKagés, Kat yt’ au- 16 arorehel napaBootaKd BiSaKtikd avi- Keievo kat eriatnyoviké medio. H KaGn- epi evaoxdanon nou neptAauBaver KaAAépyeta, HeTaKivi}geis, anéKtnon, mpdtng Wang, efepetvnon, KataKTHaEIG, TpOpH, BpnoKEuTiKEs SoEacIes, MOAT aig Kat SercrBarpovieg éxet anoderxBei 6- 1 eixav nyt} éunveuans, 6Bou Kat Aa- tpelag ta oupdvia owpara. ‘Etat, yia na- pdderyua, 1 entotrpn Mou pereta Thy a- ‘otpovopia otoug apxaioug moAmriouoUG (n apxaoacrpovouia), av Kat Eexivnoe ye erupuddterg aAAG Kat ToAuNpEs NpOTA- 81g and To '6O, orjjiepa éxer EEENXBEL oe eFet5iKevOT APXAIOASYw KAL PUOIKLV €- TUOTHHSVWY Ya SiSaKTOPIKS ¥} UoTEp Ye ApKETa Ste8vH NepIodiKG, BIBALA we Kat TavertotnulaKr €5pa oto Agotep tH¢ AyYNag Kat orig HMA, O Avopunog twv Méywv otig AdneIG a- vaouoTHanke we rpog Th Stadpour} tou Via Kuviiyt Tpogrig (Kuvnyéq-ouUAAEKTNS), APXAIO-METPIA / 17 Apxaioyewpuorrés Staononioes we Hayvntoyetpo Kawoiou. H peav-heunr) avrieon rou eupaviger yeuperpind oxriparra eivat nanenduion Tw Bayyévuv pope. Hewova eruxanunererat tov mpaypiarixd xw)po Tg apxaiohoyinric 8éang (Becker, H. Caesium- ‘Magnetometry for Landscape- Arcaeology, XX International ‘Summer Schoo! in Arcaheology (ISSA), Grosseto, 10-18 July 2007).Xpovohdynon pe qurabyera Epapyoyés oe eANnvixd mia. a. Neoh61x0g ounioyos ng Expdgiaag ‘AvBpou, Apxauonoyert nhxia: 2800-4200 r.X., Hauwia be gurtavyera: 35702400 n.X. aw B. Eunanivero 6puyuia Eayou, ‘Apxaronoyin wi: $30 7.X., Hawwia be pwrauyeca: 570300 n.X. Auprzig (2007, 356-357) tous tértoug nou é{noe, néte énoe, TV Kapiveia yia XAK6, Tt E@aye TIPLV CKOTW- Bei, nag oKOTHENKE, NOC CUHHETE:XaV tm CULMAOKH, TI PUTS je avTION TIKES ousieg petépepe, Ta UNIKG Npocavay}a- 10g, To diatroASyi6 Tou, n ouvtripnot TOU, 6ha npayparorom@nxay SiemoTpoviKd kat Le apxaioperpiKés we8B0uG H xpovondynan navrug Hira n pdt onpavtikt cupBodr omy apxaroRoyla, a- ‘ou Uéxpt T Sexaetia Tou '50 Hrav cite OXEuIKF} (OTPWHATOYpAgIa, OOTG, TUTORO- ‘yuxég aAANAouXieg, KaTaTaEN, yAwooORO- Yikd, KAIATOROYIKG) eite yivdTaV He OU: ‘pion eupnpdtwv Kuping oe OXEOn WE “TMV AiyUrTTo Kat @UCIKG He TIG LoTOPIKES, rinyég. H anéAum xpovohdynon pésa ora 6pia Tou agaduatos éhuge oNHavTIKOG ypipoug oToUg MpoiGTOPIKOUG AAAG Kat cToUus LesawwiKotc xdvous, Era napa- Belypara neptAayBavovtat n HEB0B0¢ pa- Sidv8paka rou xpovohdynoe th Evsdiva tou Topivou H to adBavo nou TUNEay tov Ingo crov 180 auiva n onoia npaypato- nowGnke and tpia epyactipla, Kadai e- dag, ané thy TéppA THg Zavtopivns MoU é- Bwoe Ndikia yia To NpaioTELo 1600-1627 TUX. (Nedtepn Mvankt IA), aAAG Kat TUKTO- ypagies o¢ onijAaa xpovohoyavrag To padpo xpopa and KapBouvo 15.000- 25.000 xpdvia npiv ané otiuepa, Enfong 18 /1eToPIA/ MALOE 2009 xpovonoyfOnke n npGapatn efehuKuKr Et Kéva Tou avpdrou Ge oxéon HE KAIHAT- Kég uietaBohéc, thy epyadetorexvia Kat He TaKIVFGEIG TOU ONS Tov NpWTO aTIOKIoUS, kal 1 Bedtepn petavdorevor Tou ova te Aeutaia 60,000 xpdvia Karé tT MecoNt- Ai] Kat adarohiBuxr} nepioBo oT EAAGBA ~ nix. onffAaio Fuodpwv, 9000-8000 r.X.), Mapouhag KU@vou, (11000-8500 1.X.), ontiAato Oednerpag (ané 45.000 xpduia ‘wg TH NeoNiGixt repiob0). Me padtevep- Yous He86Bouc nou BaoiZovrat ora ta6to- na Kaniou-apyou, pouBidiou, oupaviou (kau tpoxtev oxédews) xpovohoyriénkay anoBéosig npaoreraKou TOpHOU, oTY A@pixi kupiag, HetaEd twv onoiwv Bpi- oxovrat arohtGwpéva ood MaAaroNGuKrg enoytig, xpovoASyNaAV Tig HEyioTEG EEN Krikég (pGoEIG TOU avOpdrou - AUoTPAAO- ni@nkoc, Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus 0& Homo Sapiens— nou divouv atov npdito «avpwnidn», and eupriyata we Tapa, N- Aikia 2,5 exaroujupiwy xodvew. Xpovonoyrasig Hikpdv THNHaTWV Kepa- Uukrig ané rtupriveg yewtprgewy via Tov e- vrontoué mg apxaiag EAikng otov 40 at 1LX., To Nairikd odpnaeya tng Zeivyas, Kal Thy GUBevTIKOTHTA KEPAHIKGY e15W- Niwy, npayyaroronjGnkay He puTavyera (Gepuoquraiyera ¥ ormuKa NporperoLENN putasyeta), epyadeia and opavd Meco- NSU / NeonIBuxrhg nepldSou He TH va E8030 ewdétwong oytavou ye Paota- Toypdpo yding Seutepoyevioy tSvtwv. Ei- epa dev undpxet yrword and avaKages UNIK6 TI0U va nv xpovodoye;al Ze 6.1 apopa Thy EpyNveta Tav KaTa- Aoinwy (uvnpeta, téxvepya, spyade(a)