I \e 30, 2003

Thomas H. Kean Dr. Rohan Gunaratna

CHAIR
Head of Terrorism Research and Associate Professor
Lee H. Hamilton
VICE CHAIR Institute for Defence and Strategic Studies
Richard Ben-Veniste
Via E-mail
Max Cleland

Fred F. Fielding
Dear Dr. Gunaratna:
Jamie S. Gorelick The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States will
Slade Gorton hold its third public hearing on July 9, 2003, to receive testimony regarding
"Terrorism, Al Qaeda, and the Muslim World." The hearing will be held
John Lehman
in Room 253 of the Russell Senate Office Building in Washington, DC.
Timothy J. Roemer
We thank you for your willingness to testify in this proceeding, which will
James R. Thompson
be an important part of the Commission's efforts to produce an
authoritative account of the terrorist attacks of September 11, and to
Philip D. Zelikow
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
develop recommendations to prevent future terrorist attacks.

We request that you appear on the first panel - Al Qaeda - beginning at

9:00 AM. Please focus your remarks on al Qaeda as an organization,
including its emergence as an entity whose motivational focus,
organization complexity, and global links to other terrorist groups were
hidden from our understanding for so many years. In addition, we
welcome your policy recommendations.

The Commission asks that you submit comprehensive written testimony on

these issues and any other you deem pertinent to a full understanding of al
Qaeda and the events of September 11. Please send your testimony via e-
mail to Melissa Coffey at mcoffey@9-l lcommission.gov by 9:00 AM EST
on Monday, July 7, 2003. Your full statement will be made part of the
record and carefully studied by the Commission. Because of time
constraints, we ask that you limit your oral remarks to ten minutes and
focus on the aforementioned areas, highlighting the most important points.

The agenda for the hearing is attached. Please plan to arrive 30 minutes
prior to the beginning of your panel.

TEL (202) 331-4060

FAX (202) 296-5545
www.9-11 commission.gov
Dr. Rohan Gunaratna
June 30, 2003
Page 2

If you have any questions please contact Melissa Coffey at (202) 331-4080
or Tom Dowling at (202) 331-4072. We look forward to your
participation.

With best regards,

%£. //.
Thomas H. Kean Lee H. Hamilton
Chair Vice Chair
^rpv

June 30, 2003

Thomas H. Kean Dr. Judith Yaphe
CHAIR
Senior Research Fellow and Middle East Project Director
Lee H. Hamilton
VICE CHAIR Institute for National Strategic Studies
Richard Ben-Veniste
National Defense University
Fort Lesley J. McNair
Max Cleland Washington, DC 20319-5066
Fred F. Fielding
Via E-mail
Jamie S. Gorelick

Slade Gorton Dear Dr. Yaphe:

John Lehman
The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States will
Timothy J. Roemer hold its third public hearing on July 9, 2003, to receive testimony regarding
"Terrorism, Al Qaeda, and the Muslim World." The hearing will be held
James R. Thompson
in Room 253 of the Russell Senate Office Building in Washington, DC.
Philip D. Zelikow
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR We thank you for your willingness to testify in this proceeding, which will
be an important part of the Commission's efforts to produce an
authoritative account of the terrorist attacks of September 11, and to
develop recommendations to prevent future terrorist attacks.

We request that you appear on the second panel - States and Terrorism -
beginning at 11:00 AM. Please focus your remarks on the role and actions
of states in the emergence and strength of terrorist entities, identifying the
factors that distinguish: (1) states that actively sponsor terrorist
organizations for their own objectives; (2) states that, while not providing
explicit material or financial support, nonetheless openly permit their
territories to be employed for bases, logistics and deployment channels;
and (3) states that in effect tolerate refuge in their national territories so
long as the terrorists carry out their attacks elsewhere. In addition, we
welcome your policy recommendations.

The Commission asks that you submit comprehensive written testimony on

these issues and any other you deem pertinent to a full understanding of the
role and actions of states in the emergence and global spread of terrorism.
Please send your testimony via e-mail to Melissa Coffey at mcoffey@9-
1 lcommission.gov by 9:00 AM EST on Monday, July 7, 2003. Your full
statement will be made part of the record and carefully studied by the
Commission. Because of time constraints, we ask that you limit your oral
remarks to ten minutes and focus on the aforementioned areas, highlighting
the most important points.

TEL (202) 331-4060

FAX (202) 296-5545
www.9-1 lcommission.gov
 .. Judith Yaphe
June 30, 2003
Page 2

The agenda for the hearing is attached. Please plan to arrive 30 minutes
prior to the beginning of your panel.

II you have any questions please contact Melissa Coffey at (202) 331-4080
or Tom Dowling at (202) 331-4072. We look forward to your
participation.

With best regards,

Thomas H. Kean Lee H. Hamilton

Chair Vice Chair
 3

June 30, 2003

Thomas H. Kean Professor Gilles Kepel
CHAIR
Institute of Political Studies
Lee H. Hamilton
VICE CHAIR Paris, France
Richard Ben-Veniste
Via E-mail
Max Cleland

Fred F. Fielding
Dear Professor Kepel:
Jamie S. Gorelick The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States will
Skde Gorton hold its third public hearing on July 9, 2003, to receive testimony regarding
"Terrorism, Al Qaeda, and the Muslim World." The hearing will be held
John Lehman
in Room 253 of the Russell Senate Office Building in Washington, DC.
Timothy J. Roemer
We thank you for your willingness to testify in this proceeding, which will
James R. Thompson
be an important part of the Commission's efforts to produce an
authoritative account of the terrorist attacks of September 11, and to
Philip D. Zelikow
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR develop recommendations to prevent future terrorist attacks.

We request that you appear on the third panel - The Challenge Within the
Muslim World - beginning at 2:00 PM. Please focus your remarks on the
societal factors in the Muslim World that are being exploited by terrorist
organizations to justify their cause and actions, and ways that this
exploitation of religious faith can be thwarted. In addition, we welcome
your policy recommendations.

The Commission asks that you submit comprehensive written testimony on

these issues and any other you deem pertinent to a full understanding of the
terrorist threat. Please send your testimony via e-mail to Melissa Coffey at
mcoffey@9-l lcommission.gov by 9:00 AM EST on Monday, July 7, 2003.
Your full statement will be made part of the record and carefully studied by
the Commission. Because of time constraints, we ask that you limit your
oral remarks to ten minutes and focus on the aforementioned areas,
highlighting the most important points.

The agenda for the hearing is attached. Please plan to arrive 30 minutes
prior to the beginning of your panel.

TEL (202) 331-4060

FAX (202) 296-5545
www.9-11 commission.gov
 ^lessor Gilles Kepel
,une 30, 2003
Page 2

If you have any questions please contact Melissa Coffey at (202) 331-4080
or Tom Dowling at (202) 331-4072. We look forward to your
participation.

With best regards,

PU<. //. M^-

Thomas H. Kean Lee H. Hamilton
Chair Vice Chair
 ^s^x£k
B
9/11 P e r s o n a l P r i v a c y

National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States

Third Public Hearing • July 9,2003 • Russell SOB, Room 253

Agenda for "Terrorism, Al Qaeda, and the Muslim World"

9:00 AM Hearing Commences

Opening Statement by Chairman Kean

\ , ONE: Al Qaeda
VRtfnan Gunaratna, Head of Terrorism Research and Associate Professor, Institute for Defence
and Strategic Studies, Singapore and author of Inside Al Qaeda: Global Network of Terror
'\M£rnoun Fandy, Senior Fellow, United States Institute of Peace and author of Saudi Arabia
and the Politics of Dissent
IMarc Sageman, Lecturer, Solomon Asch Center for the Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict,
*Cmiversity of Pennsylvania

L TWO: States and Terrorism

Mylroie, Adjunct Fellow, American Enterprise Institute and author of Study of
'e: Saddam Hussein's Unfinished War Against America
j i \Jtrffith Yaphe, Senior Research Fellow and Middle East Project Director, Institute for National
n ' u~\c Studies, National Defense University

irhaf Jouejati, Adjunct Scholar, Middle East Institute and Lecturer, George
Washington University
[ark Gasiorowski, Professor of Political Science, Louisiana State University

1:00 PM \k

2:00 PM PANEL THREE: The Challenge within the Muslim World

yKachel Bronson, Senior Fellow and Director of Middle East Studies, Council on Foreign
Relations
Steven Emerson, Executive Director of the Investigative Project and author of American
Jihad: The Terrorists Living Among Us
. /j x Kepel, Professor, Institute of Political Studies, Paris and author of Jihad: The Trail
. my Su,/™. n of Political Islam I
' .^perrTnis Ross, Director and Ziegler Distinguished Fellow, Washington Institute for Near East
r
'^T^ta.O^
•j^Jvte,,QA> , ^/./^
1:00 PM-^ iHeaftngCo
; Concludes. Press availability to follow.

All times and panels are subject to change. Visit www.9-llcommission.gov for most current information.
 July 16, 2003

Thomas H. Kean Dr. Rohan Gunaratna

CHAIR
Head of Terrorism Research and Associate Professor
Lee H. Hamilton
VICE CHAIR Institute for Defence and Strategic Studies
Richard Ben-Veniste
Nanyang Technological University
Block S4, Level B4, Nanyang Avenue
Max Cleland Singapore 639798
Fred F. Fielding
Via E-mail
Jamie S. Gorelick

Slade Gorton Dear Dr. Gunaratna:

John Lehman
Thank you for testifying at the July 9, 2003 hearing of the National
Timothy J. Roemer Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. We appreciate
your taking the time to appear before the Commission to discuss the
James R. Thompson
background and evolution of al Qaeda.
Philip D. Zelikow
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR The Commission will study your testimony and will benefit from the
advice and guidance you have given us. We welcome your comments and
suggestions to the Commission, and we will want to keep in touch with you
in the months ahead. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have
further advice and recommendations for the Commission.

With best regards,

Thomas H. Kean Lee H. Hamilton

Chair Vice Chair

TEL (202) 331-4060

FAX (202) 296-5545
www.9-1 lcommission.gov
 Rohan Gunaratna

Rohan Gunaratna has 18-years of operational, policy and academic experience in counter
terrorism. He has debriefed over 200 terrorists; examined recoveries from Afghanistan,
including a part of Al Qaeda's registry; and, conducted CT training for North American,
European and Asian law enforcement, and security and intelligence agencies. He
designed several terrorism databases, including the UN database on Al Qaeda mobility,
weapons and finance; worldwide domestic and international terrorism database in
Scotland; and the Asia Pacific terrorism database in Singapore. As an advisor to
governments and corporations, including to the US government, he traveled to Latin
America, Asia, Middle East, and Africa. He served as a terrorism expert to the Crown
Prosecution Service, Supreme Court of Bosnia-Herzegovina, and to NYPD and Britain's
police forces.

He received a Masters degree in International Peace Studies from Notre Dame, US,
(thesis: Changing Nature of Warfare) and a doctorate in international relations from St
Andrews, UK (thesis: Terrorist Support Networks). Currently, he is Head of Terrorism
Research and Associate Professor, Institute for Defence and Strategic Studies, Singapore;
the First Maritime Intelligence Group Senior Fellow, Centre for the Study of Terrorism
and Political Violence, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK; Honorary Fellow,
International Policy Institute for Counter Terrorism, Israel. He was previously Visiting
Scholar, Office of Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, University of
Illinois, Champaign-Urbana (1994); Foreign Policy Fellow, University of Maryland,
College Park (1995); Hesburgh Scholar, University of Notre Dame, Indiana (1996). He
was also Principal Investigator, Qinteq Terrorist Information Operations Project, Ministry
of Defence, UK; Co-Director, UN University Project on Managing Contemporary
Insurgencies, UN University, Tokyo, and Principal Investigator, UN Terrorism
Prevention Branch.

He authored eight books, including Inside Al Qaeda: Global Network of Terror

(Columbia University Press, New York, 2002), an international bestseller; Jane's
Counter Terrorism (2003), the leading CT handbook; and Global Terror: Unearthing the
Support Networks that Enables Terrorism to Survive and Succeed (New York University
Press, forthcoming). For the G8 Summit, Okinawa, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
Japan, commissioned him to write the brief, "Terrorist Threat to the Asia-Pacific." He
has lectured widely - UN; NATO; MRC lecture at the Australian Parliament; United
States Military Academy, West Point; Royal United Services Institute; Foundation for
Military Studies, Paris; Bomb Disposal Data Centre, Israel; and at Harvard. He served as
a consultant on terrorism to CNN, CBS, and BBC and to the World Terrorism
Encyclopedia, the standard reference on terrorist organizations. In recognition of his
contribution to counter terrorism education, he was appointed a Fellow of the Royal
Society of Arts, UK in 2001 and first chairman of the NATO-PfP Working Group on
Counter Terrorism in 2002.
 Mamoun Fandy

Mamoun Fandy is an incoming senior fellow at the United States Institute of Peace
working on the Crisis of Muslim Education. He is also president of Fandy Associates - a
Washington research group and think tank. He has been professor of Politics at
Georgetown University. He was also a professor of Arab politics at the Near-East South
Asia Center for Strategic Studies at the National Defense University. His research focus
is the politics of the Arab World, terrorism and radical Islamic politics, and regional
security issues in the Middle East. He is the author of Saudi Arabia and the Politics of
Dissent (NY: St. Martin's Press, 1999). This book is considered by both the academic
and policy communities to be the ultimate authority on Islamic terrorism and violence
inside and outside Saudi Arabia. Professor Fandy is also the author of America and
the Arab World After September 11 (Arabic) (Cairo, Egypt: Masr al-Mahrousa, 2003).
His popular articles have appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, The
Los Angeles Times, and more regularly in The Christian Science Monitor. He is a
columnist for the two largest pan-Arab dailies: The Cairo-based Al-Ahram and the
London-based Asharq Al-Awsat.
 Marc Sageman, M.D., Ph.D.

Dr. Sageman was educated at Harvard and New York University, where he received an
M.D. and a Ph.D. in political sociology. His dissertation topic was French Medical
Politics. After a first residency, he joined the U.S. Navy as a flight surgeon for three
years ('81-'84) with a tour of duty in Okinawa, Japan. Dr. Sageman left the Navy and
joined the U.S. State Department as a Foreign Service Officer, political officer. He was
Afghan desk officer and had two tours of duty: in Islamabad ('87-'89), where he was the
liaison officer with the Afghan Mujahedin, and in New Delhi ('89-'91), where he
monitored Indian Foreign Affairs. Dr. Sageman left the State Department to return to
medicine in 1991.

Dr. Sageman did a residency in psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania ('91-'95)

and specialized in forensic psychiatry. He has been in private practice since 1995, where
he frequently evaluates homicide perpetrators either for the guilt phase or the penalty
phase of their trials. He is also a clinical assistant professor of psychiatry at the
University of Pennsylvania and has been teaching a year long course on forensic
psychiatry to psychiatry residents and semester long courses to undergraduates on
Emotional Trauma and on Genocide Perpetrators.

After the tragedy of 9/11/01, Dr. Sageman was invited to be on the American
Psychological Association presidential panel on terrorism. He decided to study al Qaida
members empirically and see whether he could develop a pattern. The study grew to
about 150 subjects, upon which Dr. Sageman can make some empirical observations. He
has further extended this study to do a social network analysis on the data. Dr. Sageman
has given multiple presentations of his data and the University of Pennsylvania
commissioned him to write a book, The Bonds of Terror: the Emergence of the Global
Salafi Jihad, which is scheduled to come out next spring.
 Laurie Mylroie

Laurie Mylroie is the author of Study of Revenge: Saddam Hussein's Unfinished War
Against America (American Enterprise Institute Press, 2000). Published in paperback, as
The War Against America (HarperCollins, 2001), the book has been hailed by Deputy
Secretary of Defense, Paul Wolfowitz: "argues powerfully" that Iraq was behind the 1993
bombing of the World Trade Center; former CIA Director, R. James Woolsey, "brilliant
and brave;" and Richard Perle, former Assistant Secretary of Defense, "splendid and
wholly convincing." J. Gilmore Childers, lead prosecutor in the 1993-94 trial of the
Trade Center bombers, described it as "work the U.S. government should have done."

Dr. Mylroie served as a consultant to the Pentagon on terrorism in 2002. In 2000 and
2001, she consulted for Sandia National Laboratories on the related issue of asymmetric
warfare. Currently, she is an adjunct fellow at the American Enterprise Institute.

Dr. Mylroie received her Ph.D. in Political Science from Harvard University and her B.A.
from Cornell University. She was an Assistant Professor in Harvard's Political Science
Department, before becoming an Associate Professor in the Strategy Department at the
U.S. Naval War College. Subsequently, she was a member of the staff of The Washington
Institute for Near East Policy. She also served as advisor on Iraq to the 1992 Clinton
presidential campaign and has worked as a consultant on terrorism to ABC News, the
BBC, and Newsweek, as well as the law offices of Kreindler and Kreindler and The
Beasley Firm (which included testimony in Smith and Soulas vs. the Taliban, al Qaida,
and Iraq, and a judgment in favor of the plaintiffs).

Her previous book, Saddam Hussein and the Crisis in the Gulf, (co-authored with Judith
Miller) was a number one New York Times bestseller. Her forthcoming book is entitled
Bush vs. the Beltway: How the CIA and State Department tried to Stop the War on Terror
(HarperCollins, 2003)

Her articles have appeared in The Atlantic Monthly, Commentary, Jane's Intelligence
Review, The National Interest, The New Republic, and Newsweek, as well as The New
York Times, Wall Street Journal, and Washington Post, among others.
 Judith S. Yaphe

Dr. Yaphe is Senior Research Fellow and Middle East Project Director in the Institute for National
Strategic Studies at the National Defense University at Ft. McNair, Washington, DC. She
specializes in Iraq, Iran, Arabian/Persian Gulf security issues, and Political Islam/Islamic
extremism. Before joining INSS in 1995, Dr. Yaphe served for 20 years as a senior analyst on
Middle Eastern and Persian Gulf issues in the Office of Near Eastern and South Asian Analysis,
Directorate of Intelligence, CIA. Among Dr. Yaphe's accomplishments in government was her role
as senior political analyst on Iraq and the Gulf, for which she received the Intelligence Medal of
Commendation.

In addition to her duties as Middle East Team Chief at INSS, Dr Yaphe has been Project Director
for programs on Islamic Activism and U.S. Strategic Interests in the Middle East and North Africa,
The Middle East in 2015, and Shaping the Strategic Environment in the Persian Gulf. Her recent
publications include:

• Political Reconstruction in Iraq: a Reality Check. With Marina Ottaway. Carnegie

Foundation for International Peace, March 2003.
• Installing a New Government in Baghdad, in U.S. Policy in Post-Saddam Iraq: Lessons
from the British Experience, ed. Michael Eisenstadt (WINEP, 2003).
• Gulf Security Perceptions and Strategies, in The United States and the Persian Gulf, ed.
by Richard D. Sokolsky (NDU: 2003).
• The Middle East in 2015: The Impact of Regional Trends on U.S. Strategic Planning.
NDU Press: August 2002. (book)
• Strategic Implications of a Nuclear-Armed Iran, National Defense University Press,
June, 2001. (book)
• U.S.-Iraq Policy: Will it be war? for Naval War College Conference, Newport, July 2002.
• Reinventing Iraq: Regional Impact of U.S. Military Action, Middle East Policy, vol. DC, nu.
4 (December 2002).
• Iraq Before and After Saddam, Current History, January 2003.
• America's War on Iraq: Myths and Opportunities, Iraq at the Crossroads: State and
Society in the Shadow of Regime Change, ed. by Toby Dodge and Steven Simon,
(London: Adelphi Paper 354, 19 September 2002).
• U.S. Policy in Post-Saddam Iraq: Lessons from the British Experience, (Washington:
WINEP, 2003).
• Three Crises in Search of a Policy, The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs. Vol. 25 (Winter
2001).
• Iraq: The Exception to the Rule (U.S.-Iraq policy), The Washington Quarterly (Winter
2001), pp. 125-137;
• Middle East and Persian Gulf, in Strategic Challenges for the Bush Administration:
Perspectives from the Institute for National Strategic Studies. (NDU Press, 2001).
• Tribalism in Iraq: the Old and the New, Middle East Policy. Vol. VII, No. 3 (June
2000);
• U.S. Policy Towards Iraq, RUSI International Security Review. December 1999;
• Do No Harm (a study of Arab perspectives on NATO's Mediterranean initiatives)
published in The Mediterranean Quarterly (November 1999);
 • Iraq: Human Rights in the Republic of Fear, in Human Rights and Governance in the
Middle East. (London: Avebury Press, 1998);
• Iran-U.S. Relations: Is Normalization Possible? Strategic Forum no. 188 (January
2002).
• "Persian Gulf Futures IE: Saudi Arabia: Uncertain Stability," Strategic Forum, Nu. 125,
(INSS, NDU, July 1997).
• "Islamic Radicalism: Shifting Approaches to Power but Not to Islamic Goals," Strategic
Forum Nu. 104, (INSS, NDU, February 1997).
• "Islamic Radicalism in North Africa: Force Works, For Now," Strategic Forum, No. 88,
(INSS, NDU, October 1996.)
• "Islamic Radicalism in the Arabian Peninsula: Growing Risks," Strategic Forum, No. 67,
(INSS, NDU, March 1996).
• "The Arab States of the Persian Gulf: Challenges to Stability, Regional Security, and U.S.
Strategic Interests," in U.S. Policy in the Persian Gulf, Hearing Before the Committee on
International Relations, (U.S. House of Representatives, 25 September 1996).

Dr. Yaphe frequently briefs senior U.S. and foreign officials and has testified before Senate and
Congressional committees on regional strategic issues. In addition, she lectures to a number of
government and private academic institutions on Iraq, Islamic radicalism, and U.S. policy and has
appeared on various news programs, included NPR, Nightline, and NBC Nightly News, and in the
print media. Dr. Yaphe received a BA with Honors in History from Moravian College, Bethlehem,
Pennsylvania and the Ph.D. in Middle Eastern History from the University of Illinois. She was the
recipient of NDEA and NDFL fellowships and wrote her doctoral dissertation on The Arab Revolt
in Iraq, 1916-1920. She taught Middle Eastern history at the University, Champaign-Urbana
campus, from 1972 through 1974, and now teaches Middle Eastern History at Goucher College,
Baltimore.

Comments made by Dr. Yaphe are solely hers and do not represent the views of the Institute for
National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, the Department of Defense, or any other
government agency.
 Murhaf Jouejati

Murhaf Jouejati is a Middle East political analyst with a particular emphasis on Syrian
domestic and foreign politics. He is currently an Adjunct Professor of Political Science
at George Washington University and an adjunct scholar at the Middle East Institute. Dr.
Jouejati served as the European Commission's political advisor on Syrian affairs
(Damascus, 1998-2000); consultant to the United Nations Development Program
(UNDP) in New York (1995); and the UNDP's National Program Officer (Damascus
1993-1995). He also served as an adviser to the Syrian Peace Delegation to the Middle
East Peace Process (Washington, 1991-1993 and 1996).

Dr. Jouejati earned a PH.D in Political Science from the University of Utah in 1998 and a
Master's Degree from Georgetown University's School for Foreign Service in 1986. He
is the author of a number of studies and articles on Syria and the Middle East, and is
currently completing a forthcoming book entitled Syrian Foreign Policy: An Institutional
Perspective On Why Assad Did Not Emulate Sadat.
 Mark Gasiorowski

Mark Gasiorowski is a Professor of Political Science at Louisiana State University. He was a

visiting Professor at Tehran University in the Summer of 1994, Summer of 1996, and Winter of
1998, and a Research Fellow at St. Antony's College, Oxford University in 2001-2002. He is the
author of U.S. Foreign Policy and the Shah (Cornell University Press, 1991), some 50 scholarly
articles about Iranian politics and other topics, and the coeditor of Neither East Nor West (Yale
University Press, 1990) and Mohamad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran (Syracuse
University Press, 2004). Professor Gasiorowski is currently writing a book about Iranian politics
since the 1979 Islamic revolution. He has traveled to Iran ten times since 1993 to teach and
conduct research.
 Rachel Bronson

Rachel Bronson is a senior fellow and Director of Middle East Studies at the Council on Foreign
Relations (CFR) where she is currently beginning a book, With Us or Against Us? The Making of
U.S. Foreign Policy toward Saudi Arabia 1945-Present, to be published by Oxford University
Press in 2005. She co-directed the January 2003 report "Guiding Principles for US Post-Conflict
Policy in Iraq," which was co-sponsored by CFR and the James A. Baker JH Institute for Public
Policy at Rice University. She testified before Congress' Joint Economic Committee on the topic
of Iraq's reconstruction.

Dr. Bronson has recently completed an article "Reconstructing the Middle East?" which
examines the Bush Administration's march toward nation-building and identifies some lessons
learned from past US experiences. Her article, "When Soldiers Become Cops," appeared in the
November/December edition of Foreign Affairs, and considered ways in which the U.S.
government can reorganize for peacekeeping and nation-building responsibilities.

Dr. Bronson is the recipient of the Carnegie Corporation's 2003 Carnegie Scholars award. She
has served as a consultant to the Center for Naval Analyses, as a Senior Fellow at the Center for
Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., and as a Fellow at Harvard's Center for
Science and International Affairs. Her writing has appeared in publications such as Foreign
Affairs, Survival, The New York Times, and The International Herald Tribune. She has
commented extensively in the media including CNN, BBC, NPR and al-Jazeera and is a
consultant for NBC news. She received her doctorate from Columbia University in Political
Science in 1997.
 Steven Emerson

Steven Emerson is an internationally recognized expert on terrorism and national security, a

correspondent, and an author who also serves as the Executive Director of The Investigative
Project, the nation's largest archival data and intelligence on Islamic and Middle Eastern terrorist
groups. He is most recently the author of the national best seller, American Jihad: The Terrorists
Living Among Us (Free Press). Mr. Emerson is widely recognized as one of the foremost experts
in the world on militant Islamic terrorism. He now serves as NBC's terrorism analyst. Since
September 11,2001, Mr. Emerson has appeared frequently on network television and has been
quoted or cited hundreds of times in the nation's top newspapers. Mr. Emerson and his institute
have also given numerous briefings to Congress, the White House, the Justice Department and
other federal agencies.

Mr. Emerson started The Investigative Project in late 1995, following the broadcast of his
documentary film, "Jihad in America," on Public Television. The film exposed video of
clandestine operations of militant Islamic terrorist groups on American soil. For the film, Mr.
Emerson received numerous awards including the George Polk Award for best television
documentary, one of the most prestigious awards in journalism. He also received the top prize
from the Investigative Reporters and Editors Organization (IRE) for best investigative report in
both print and television for the documentary. The award from the IRE was the fourth such
award he had received from that group. The documentary, which was excerpted on 60 Minutes,
is now standard viewing for federal law enforcement and intelligence organizations.

Over the past three years, Mr. Emerson has testified more than two dozen times before Congress,
and he has briefed the National Security Council at the White House as well.

Mr. Emerson has authored or co-authored five books: American Jihad: The Terrorists Living
Among Us (Free Press, 2002); Terrorist: The Inside Story of the Highest-Ranking Iraqi Terrorist
Ever to Defect to the West (Villard/Random House, 1991); The Fall of Pan Am 103: Inside the
Lockerbie Investigation (Putnam, 1990); Secret Warriors: Inside the Coven Military Operations
of the Reagan Era (Putnam, 1988); The American House ofSaud: The Secret Petrodollar
Connection (Franklin Watts, 1985).
 Gilles Kepel
Born, June 30,1955, in Paris
gilles.kepel@sciences-po.fr

Professor, Institute of Political Studies, Paris (1985 to present)

Senior Researcher, CNRS (National Board for Scientific Research), Paris
(1984 to present)
Director of the Doctoral Program on the Muslim World, Inst. of Political Studies
(1994 to present)
Visiting Professor, Columbia University, New-York (1996-97)
Researcher, CEDEJ (Egyptian-French Center for Scientific Cooperation), Cairo, Egypt,
1980-83

Languages : French, English, Arabic, Italian

BOOKS

Muslim Extremism in Egypt (California Univ. Press, revised paperback edition, 1993 -
French, 1984, six translations)

Les Banlieues de VIslam [on Islam in France], Paris, Ed. du Seuil, 1987
(paperback, 1991)

The Revenge of God (Penn State Univ. Press, 1993 - French, 1991,20 translations)

Allah in the West (Stanford Univ. Press, 1997 - French, 1994, six translations)

Jihad/ The trail of political islam, (Harvard University Press, Spring 2 002 ; French 200.
11 translations)

Bad Moon Rising: a Chronicle of the Middle East Today, Saqi Books, London, 2003 ;
French 2002,6 translations)

EDITED VOLUMES

Les musulmans dans la societefranqaise (with R. Leveau), Paris, PFNSP, 1988

Intellectuels et Militants de I'lslam Contemporain (with Y. Richard), Ed. du Seuil, 1990

(Arabic Translation)

Les Politiques de Dieu, Ed. du Seuil, Paris,1993 (two translations)

Exils et Royaumes: Les appurtenances au monde musulman aujourd'hui, Paris, PFNSP,

1994
 Dennis Ross

Ambassador Dennis Ross is director and Ziegler distinguished fellow at the Washington
Institute for Near East Policy. For more than twelve years, Ambassador Ross played a
leading role in shaping U.S. involvement in the Middle East peace process and in dealing
directly with the parties in negotiations. A highly skilled diplomat, Ambassador Ross
was this country's point man on the peace process in both the Bush and Clinton
administrations. He was instrumental in assisting Israelis and Palestinians in reaching the
1995 Interim Agreement; he also successfully brokered the Hebron Accord in 1997,
facilitated the Israel-Jordan peace treaty, and intensively worked to bring Israel and Syria
together.

A scholar and diplomat with more than two decades of experience in Soviet and Middle
East policy, Ambassador Ross worked closely with Secretaries of State James Baker,
Warren Christopher, and Madeleine Albright. Prior to his service as special Middle East
coordinator under President Clinton, Ross served as director of the State Department's
Policy Planning office in the first Bush administration. In that position, he played a
prominent role in developing U.S. policy toward the former Soviet Union, the unification
of Germany and its integration into NATO, arms control negotiations, and the
development of the Gulf War coalition. He served as director of Near East and South
Asian affairs on the National Security Council staff during the Reagan administration,
and as deputy director of the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment.

A 1970 graduate of UCLA, Ambassador Ross wrote his doctoral dissertation on Soviet
decisionmaking and from 1984 to 1986 served as executive director of the Berkeley-
Stanford program on Soviet International Behavior. He has received UCLA's highest
medal and has been named UCLA alumni of the year. He has also received honorary
doctorates from the Jewish Theological Seminary and Syracuse University.

President Clinton awarded Ambassador Ross the Presidential Medal for Distinguished
Federal Civilian Service, and Secretaries Baker and Albright presented him with the State
Department's highest award.

He is currently writing a book about his experiences in the pursuit of peace.