Chapter II Review Related Literature

In this chapter, the proponents do some research about local and foreign studies were in the study is related to proposed system. The review of the literature of this study focuses on different procedures used to identify and to develop Laboratory Information System. Chapter II focuses not only in the Laboratory Information System but also to the other review of the literatures and case studies that can be use as a reference and guide for developing the system.

Foreign Literature
(Friedman, Bruce (4 November 2008)) Early in their developmental history,
the two major types of laboratory information systems, LISs and LIMSs, began to diverge in their functionality. The differences between these two types of systems is not revealed by their names: LIS stands for laboratory information system and LIMS stands for laboratory information management system. LISs are installed in hospital labs and commercial reference labs. LIMSs are installed in industry settings, by which I mean facilities such as pharmaceutical research labs and other industrial labs such as those in food or chemical manufacturing. LIMSs are designed to report results for batches of samples (e.g.,100 lab rats) to the responsible parties. They are required to satisfy good manufacturing practices (GMP), the FDA, and research scientists working in the pharmaceutical industry, as only one example. LISs are designed to report test results for individual patients back to the physicians caring for them. They need to satisfy the criteria of hospital accreditation agencies and HIPAA and also to avoid medical malpractice suits. All of the above was brought home to me as I was listening to Dr. Jill Hagenkord's excellent lecture at the recently completed APIII conference in Pittsburgh (see: Array-Based Virtual Karyotyping: Ready for the Clinic But Waiting for a LIMS).
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During the course of her lecture, she made reference to LIMS as in the title of the lecture. However, she was clearly discussing clinical lab matters for which I felt that her use of the term LIMS was unexpected. When I discussed this with her afterwards, she was unsure of the differences between an LIS and a LIMS. The source of her confusion quickly became apparent. She is representative of the new breed of pathologists who work in the area of genomic, proteomic, and genetic testing and for whom there is little gap between the clinical world and the world of medical research. For example, she uses sophisticated research tools but reports the results to clinicians caring for patients. The research and service worlds form a continuum for her and hence require a blending of the LIMS world with the LIS world. One of the major goals of the translational research movement has been to bridge the gap from bench to bedside and any initiative to blend the LIS with the LIMS can be understood as an extension of this quest. The lesson from all of this is obvious. We now need to make an effort to understand the relative strengths of LISs and LIMSs and proceed to develop new systems that capture the best features of each of them.
The final programs of the Pittsburgh Conference and Exposition on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy are reviewed to trace the origins of laboratory information management systems (LIMS) both as a topic in the technical program and as a product available in the exposition. (Gerst A. Gibbon 1996).The development of the literature of LIMS is examined, from the early articles in the trade press, through the key papers in the A pages of Analytical Chemistry, to the peer-reviewed journal published by Elsevier. The concurrent publication of books on LIMS is described. The origins and growth of the International LIMS Conferences and the LIMS Institute are described. The LIMS activities of the ASTM, the currently available short courses, and the most recent newsletter activities are summarized. (D. O. Skobelev, T. M.

Zaytseva, A. D. Kozlov, V. L. Perepelitsa, and A. S. Makarova (2011)) Laboratory

information management systems belong to the class of application software intended for storage and management of information obtained in the course of the work of the laboratory. The systems are used to control and manage samples, standards, test results, reports, laboratory staff, instruments, and work flow automation. Integration of laboratory information management systems with the enterprises information systems will make it possible to

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promptly transmit required data to the laboratory and the enterprise administration.

(February 21, 2007 Kathleen Zipp).An increasing number of regulatory and productivity
demands are being placed on analytical laboratories in all industries. The primary drivers of Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) growth will be NELAC, HIPPA, SarbanesOxley, the Patriot Act, ELAP, CFR 21 Part 11, and internal chains of custody requirements. The market was $307.4 million in 2005 and is forecasted to be over $398.7 million in 2010, indicating a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.3%, according to a new ARC Advisory Group study.

Manufacturers

are

replacing

paper-based

and

homegrown

LIMS

systems

with commercially developed plans and workflows designed to help with regulatory compliance. The increasing amount of test samples that researchers and manufacturers are undertaking promise a solid future for LIMS, as the need for efficient, cost-effective, and regulatory-compliant data storage grows. ARC expects LIMS to capture unstructured data, particularly in R&D laboratories, which will contribute to the 5.3% CAGR that ARC is projecting for LIMS revenues. A multipurpose LIMS can also supply administrative tools such as backlog reports, billing information, workload statistics, sample scheduling, reagent inventory tracking, and training certification. Driven by user demands, experts in the field project industry and application specific LIMS will provide interoperability with other enterprise business systems. Currently, LIMS suppliers have adopted service-based, platform-neutral web services that apply open source codes and standards, while enabling compatibility with other enterprise business systems. The global manufacturing industry experienced a rebound in 2005 that is expected to carry on into the future, particularly in the developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Latin America is also of growing interest to LIMS suppliers. The pharmaceutical, food & beverage, and water industries will continue to be growth engines for the market as traceability requirements become more stringent. The refining, chemical, and petrochemical sectors are expected to invest heavily in Quality Control/Quality Assurance programs as feedstock prices continue to soar. (Pat Ehrman) A Food Testing
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Lab Integrates BAX and LIMS Technologies Collecting data in a busy lab is always important, and when that lab is testing product for potentially lethal microbes, obtaining accurate data is imperative to public health and commercial success. It is equally important to accurately record, store and report that data. One lab rose to the challenge by combining the newest testing and data tracking technologies: They upgraded their testing methods to the latest automated DNA-based technology, and then imported those test results directly into their LIMS database.

Local Literature
Full impact of laboratory information system requires direct use by clinical staff: cluster randomized controlled trial(JAMIA 2011 JAN-FEB;18(1);11-16)
Evaluations of laboratory reporting systems to date have measured their impact on those health establishments that have point-of-care access to the system via internet, local area networks, or other forms. In these settings, they have been shown to decrease result delivery times (RDTs) of laboratory results reduce redundancy in resource utilization, and provide faster and more complete notification for public health purposes. Shorter RDTs have been associated with decreased treatment time, mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay. In many resource-poor settings, public health systems are complex networks in which some institutions have direct access to electronic systems while others receive information indirectly, often relying on central health establishments for transmission of patient data. As laboratory networks become more decentralized in resource-poor settings,effective communication strategies must address the needs of a heterogeneous group of users, and overcome challenges in relaying timely information to even the most peripheral sites. To our knowledge, there are no reports of evaluations of the impact of information systems on complex public health systems in resource-poor settings. To evaluate the impact of a laboratory information system on both point-of-care and peripheral health centers (HCs), we implemented the e-Chasqui tuberculosis (TB) laboratory system as part of a larger project to decentralize laboratory capacity within the Peruvian National Tuberculosis Program. Here, as in many other countries,
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communication of results between central and local laboratories and clinical facilities is still problematic. A baseline assessment found that 10% of results take >2 months to arrive, and patients could still experience risky delays unless programmatic aspects are also addressed. Therefore, e-Chasqui was developed and implemented in Lima, Peru to communicate data between two district laboratories, 14 point-of-care HCs with internet that had direct access to e-Chasqui, and 17 peripheral HCs without internet whose results were relayed through a point-of-care HC. (LabWare Philippines)A commercial off

the shelf LIMS that can rapidly adapt to your needs. LabWare LIMS offers a
very modern and highly configurable LIMS architecture that allows companies to spend less time installing and configuring the system, and more time applying it to their specific information management needs. LabWare LIMS provides an extensive range of features, functions and application modules "out-of-the-box". Furthermore, LabWare provides a range of "industry templates" for applications such as pharmaceutical QA/QC and biobanking, which harness the experience and best practices gained from LabWare's implementations worldwide. These templates provide the best-possible starting point for your LIMS project to fast-track implementations and extensive support for your validation tasks. LabWare LIMS includes powerful integration software allowing seamless interfacing with ERP products such as SAP, and direct data capture from instrumentation and Chromatography Data Systems (CDS) such as Waters Empower.

Foreign Studies
1. Horizon Lab
The Horizon Lab integrated laboratory information system (LIS) for all laboratory settings enhances patient safety, productivity and profitability. Horizon Lab automates the entire laboratory process, including order entry, point-of-care specimen management, analytic operations, information distribution, billing and business performance management. Benefits
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Enhanced patient safety Streamlined, productive workflow More profitable laboratory outreach business Features

Adaptable expert workflow Advanced lab-pharmacy-clinicals integration Positive patient ID for specimen collection at the point of care for patient safety Outreach billing and Web-based test orders, results and medical necessity checking Laboratory financial system that delivers clean billing and profitability analysis 2. TD-Synergy* Laboratory Information System Manage every lab process using a single, customizable system.

TD-Synergy* Laboratory Information System provides a powerful solution for managing every aspect of lab operations, from testing, specimen tracking, and result delivery to clinical, administrative, and Quality Control (QC) processes. This highly configurable application can be easily adapted to fit individual workflow requirements, enabling labs to streamline operations and improve overall productivity. The result is lower operational costs and a higher standard of healthcare. TD-Synergy offers:

Complete management: TD-Synergy has been developed to support all aspects of the contemporary lab, managing the quality and integrity of test samples, all phases of testing and result review, and final results reporting, interpretation, and diagnosis.

Strong patient security: TD-Synergy consolidates medical data on a single, unified platform, enabling unique patient identification while ensuring privacy in compliance with HIPAA (USA) and other countries regulations.

Customizable interface: TD-Synergy can be adapted to meet specific lab workflow needs, ensuring that processes such as test prescription, collection management, sample reception, and label dispatching all function efficiently and effectively.

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Enhanced quality control: TD-Synergy ensures consistency of test results and adherence to laboratory best practices with comprehensive, autoverification rules and alerts that notify staff when to review certain test results.

Multi-site

&

multi-lab

feature,

major

feature:

You can manage a group of laboratories of different disciplines, located in different sites, with a single TD-Synergy Laboratory Information System. This ability to share a common consolidated patient file across several laboratories from any client workstation, without compromising patient data confidentiality, is a key benefit, because it allows you to optimize the allocation of test equipment and human resources across your whole group of laboratories, thus saving on associated maintenance costs:

Reduction in hardware and associated maintenance costs Easier system configuration Much simpler integration with the Hospital Information System (HIS) Faster, simpler software upgrades processes and rule-based engine

Real-time

For actions relating to a predetermined range of conditions, TD-Synergy has a real-time rule-based engine that operates at every stage in the process, from order entry to result reporting. Any authorized user can define rules easily using logical Boolean expressions. All conditions regarding patients, specimens, test requests or test results can trigger multiple actions, such as:

Addition/deletion of tests Automatic comment on results Automatic or mandatory review Insertion of results in a list to be communicated by phone Production of additional copies of result reports

The rule-based system of TD-Synergy helps you to comply with the requirements of quality certification organizations such as the College of American Pathologists and the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute, which requires that any certified laboratory

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can prove that autoverification rules have been validated and checked before being used for lab production.

Flexible

and

customizable

dictionaries

You can use your custom dictionaries at all stages of the laboratory workflow, for example:

Collecting and identifying specimens Checking request redundancy Dispatching work Checking results Generating and communicating reports

TD-Synergy main features

Instrument interfaces and result acquisition Interfaces with numerous different analyzer types Sophisticated user-rights management Test request creation Specimen collection and identification Sample and request dispatching Sample storage, routing and tracking Technical and clinical review of results Real-time expert rule system Consolidation and distribution of results Confidentiality of consolidated results for review and display Electronic result reporting (secured email, fax) Quality Control Customizable real-time alert Epidemiology Billing and statistics management Comprehensive and chronological audit trail Quality document management
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Customization of dictionaries and tables Multi-site and multi-lab management capabilities

3. Servolab* Laboratory Information System is a highly configurable, scalable laboratory information system that adapts to any lab workflow model as well as each lab's unique needs. Servolabs communication engine connects to any host or instrument using powerful, easy-to-use integration tools.

Adapts to specific customer needs and workflows Increases lab efficiency by providing in-depth monitoring of lab operations with complete traceability

Includes quality control features with extensive charting capabilities Highlights instrumentation drifts across a population

4. Integrate disparate lab systems easily and cost-effectively.

Connectivity between networked lab systems reduces the time it takes to store and retrieve vital patient information, dramatically improving healthcare and boosting lab productivity. Siemens OPENLink allows organizations to integrate all applications and systems, regardless of type or vendor, enabling them to deliver that connectivity without the need for costly customization. With OPENLink, IT staff gain complete control over the implementation, modification, and troubleshooting of interfaces between systems.

No programming experience is required for building interfaces with OPENLink. No special training is necessary. All traditionally difficult programming tasks like network protocol conversion, message formatting, data translation, and transaction routing can be easily achieved with simpleto-use graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

Users with programming expertise can extend OPENLink capabilities using Microsoft Visual C++, COM objects, ODBC Adaptors, SQL queries, Java Wrappers, and other modules.

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5. Laboratory Solutions
McKesson's Horizon Lab integrated laboratory information system (LIS) meets both the clinical and business performance needs of today's laboratory, as well as enables labs to meet the demands of the rapidly changing healthcare environment. The comprehensive, scalable solution suite seamlessly supports hospital, reference and hybrid laboratory business models of all sizes, from single site to multifacility. By automating laboratory processes across the spectrum, from pre-analytical to analytical to post-analytical phases, Horizon Lab software optimizes workflow, maximizes productivity, and improves laboratory quality control. McKesson's lab information system also enhances patient safety with a wireless phlebotomy application that enables positive patient identification and specimen matching at the bedside.

In addition, Horizon Lab integrates the lab, pharmacy and point of care, supporting clinical decision support with real-time sharing of critical patient data. Through integration with McKesson's Clinical Performance Analytics, Horizon Lab software supports laboratory administrators' need to monitor, manage and improve business performance.

Local Studies

1. A LIMS Solution for Biobanking The past decade has seen an explosion in the number of samples generated for research and analysislargely due to the increased focus on translational medicine and epidemiology. In addition, a significant increase and focus on high quality sample yields and how they are accurately and efficiently managed is now a top concern for researchers who are often charged with managing enormous volumes of both samples and their relevant data. This sharp rise in the number of samples researchers are expected to handle along with cost pressures, regulatory compliance, tracking needs and limited storage space have led to significant laboratory streamlining initiatives and often times to the
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outsourcing of sample management activities to third-party biorepository or biobank networks which can more efficiently manage samples and also free up researchers' valuable time.

The function of biobanks is quite diverse

Storage of frozen cell aliquots intended for primary pharmaceutical screening Tissue biopsies for disease research Patient DNA samples used by government agencies Large, multi-sample population libraries for translational studies Diversity of Facilities Some facilities, like the UK Biobank, have been extensively planned with automation enabled at the outset to facilitate the intended large storage capacity and desired retrieval rates. Others are based around an ad hoc collection of samples in deep-cooled freezers that rely on manual retrieval methods. In both cases, a growing and important consideration is being given to national, regional and disease-specific biobanks in efforts to ensure the safety and integrity of precious samples, maximize efficiencies and meet regulatory compliance guidelines. The benefits of properly managed data

Well organized, accurate and timely availability of data provides both scientific and business users with meaningful information used in discovery and in the daily decision-making process

Preconfigured to facilitate data capture and specimen management Facilitates chain-of-custody and handling assurance needs that improve operational efficiencies

Supports organization-wide inventory controlwhether storing or tracking whole blood, tissue, cellular lysates, DNA, RNA, or proteins

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Web interface provides centralized global access in a secure environment Built-in proprietary graphical workflow utility tool allows organizations to easily extend capabilities and tailor the solution to the needs of each laboratory's unique data capture, result management, storage and specimen handling requirements

Automated sample management module ensures that biological samples are stored safely Thermo Fisher Scientific is the leading provider of renowned analytical equipment, instruments, consumables, reagents, media, services and informatics software

Our robust offering of sample management products and services address the scaling needs of biobanking laboratories worldwide. In addition to Thermo Scientific Nautilus LIMS, Thermo Scientific BioBank is an automated sample management module designed to safely store biological samples and the Thermo Scientific line of 2D barcoded screwcap tubes includes ABgene, Matrix and NUNCtubes. The critical nature of biobank samples make permanently-attached 2D barcodes for secure sample tracking and chain of custody a superior choice over traditional labels.

2. A LIMS Solution for Chemicals Manufacture

Thermo Scientific LIMS are an important component of a comprehensive quality management solution that often includes Process Information Management Systems (PIMS), Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Together, these systems continuously monitor and control production processes. An ideal LIMS is one that serves as an integrated platform capable of supporting key enterprise processes and systems. Enterprise LIMS include XML web services for open communication with lab and enterprise applications, and client/server functionality for greater access to information and insight into data across the organization. SampleManager LIMS delivers proven capabilities that afford real-time feedback on sample deviations, reduces paper and manual work to increase efficiencies, enables faster decision-making, integrate systems and standardize processes across multiple labs. SampleManager LIMS provides robust and reliable operation that no other LIMS solution in the market offers.
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Specifically developed for enterprise deployments, SampleManager LIMS is the choice for many chemical companies.

Can be implemented in one or multiple instances, is scalable for a large user base and is available in multiple languages

Flexible and configurable to accommodate various workflows, lab types and user communities across the enterprise

Integrates easily with other applications and instruments in and out of the lab, providing one standard user-interface and helping companies to enforce process standardization across multiple labs

Includes a web browser interface for remote sample login, data access and reporting Secure access to the LIMS data is available for laboratory staff, remote users and external customers

The web services interface allows the LIMS to be delivered as a network service that can be integrated using common Internet standards, such as ASP, XML, SOAP and HTTP These industry standard tools help dramatically simplify and reduce the costs of integrating SampleManager LIMS with other laboratory and business systems, including PIMS, MES and ERP solutions. Lower Total Cost of Ownership A global solution helps reduce the total cost of ownership. An independent study, commissioned by Thermo Scientific, confirms this. Enterprise LIMS reduce costs by centralizing and consolidating IT and technical support personnel. With one solution, IT departments can develop more knowledge of a particular LIMS to identify and solve problems faster, even anticipate them before they occur. This frees IT staff to focus on business activities. An enterprise LIMS reduces downtime and increases productivity for the end-user. Lower costs can also be achieved in the areas of implementation, systems

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integration, upgrades, application development and training. In addition, standardization streamlines vendor relationships and improves purchasing power. Ensure Product Quality and Avoid Delays With an enterprise LIMS, companies can spot trends and monitor product quality more quickly and easily, dramatically improving their overall quality control process. An integrated approach results in better data flow, less redundant data and virtually no transcription errors, increased laboratory efficiencyall while maintaining the highest quality standards. Duplicate data and manual entry of sample requests and testing parameters are eliminated through instrument integration. SampleManager helps ensure accurate data flow between the lab and the rest of the organization. Having that data available to managers and decision-makers organization-wide leads to faster, data-driven business decision-making.

3. A LIMS Solution for Contract Research Organizations

Designed to fit the bioanalytical workflow, Watson enables accelerated sample turnaround in DMPK laboratories, thereby reducing costs associated with sample management. Watson facilitates efficient study design and data transfer between researchers, enabling them to benefit from improved operational efficiency. CROs face unique challenges and require data management tools that are very different from conventional laboratories that employ traditional LIMS.

Rich functionality and flexible framework delivers:

Full security and complete compliance confidence Provides a complete 21 CFR Part 11 compliance system and full study audit trail

Automation to improve study data workflow

Allows a full bi-directional interface capability to analytical instruments, tracks shipments and samples through user-designed barcode labels, supports a wide range of analyses, and organizes study results in a unique document management system

Enterprise-wide knowledge and collaboration

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Permits improved collaboration and data transmission between sites, systems and customers currently using Watson LIMS

Robust, dynamic reporting

Supports built in reporting and document management system, with full chain of custody reports for sample tracking

Customers who are study oriented versus data collection oriented will benefit from a purpose-built LIMS to:

Screen smarter and faster while reducing operating costs Acquire, analyze and run complex studies (including calculations and statistics) on huge volumes of data, in multiple formats

Review, summarize, document and present data in effective reports Provide their customers with secure and easy access to their data Automate, integrate and manage equipment and data Increase productivity, lower operating costs, and improve quality and customer service Accelerate decision making Comply with regulatory requirements

4. A LIMS Solution for Drug Discovery

Thermo Scientific Watson LIMS is the leading data management solution for late stage drug development and is found in 19 of the top 20 pharmaceutical companies around the world, delivering the functionality, flexibility and scalability that meets their needs.

Full security and complete compliance confidence for enterprise-wide knowledge and collaboration

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Provides a system with all the 21 CFR Part 11 components for compliance, including integrated audit trail, e-Signatures and granular security

Study data workflow improved with automation Allows a full bi-directional interface capability to analytical instruments, tracks shipments and samples through user-designed barcode labels, supports a wide range of analyses, and organizes study results in a unique document management system

Includes automated assay acceptance and rejection tool Permits improved collaboration and data transmission between sites, systems and customers currently using Watson LIMS

Enables robust, dynamic reporting Supports built-in reporting and document management system, with full chain of custody reports for sample tracking

Includes a comprehensive regression calculation tool, complete with linear and non-linear algorithms and many weighting factors

Includes key functionality specific to the bioanalytical laboratory Flexible protocol-based study design, assay/method standardization and management Integrated sample tracking and a configurable reassay decision tree More than 70 built-in interfaces to LC/MS, HPLC, ELISA, RIA, ICP/MS, multiplex and other instruments

Supports a wide range of pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic calculations Dramatically improved performance when creating the Design Summary report with a dramatic increase in speed

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Ability to include incurred samples within the same run as regular bioanalytical samples; separate Mandatory Repeats run no longer necessary with Incurred Sample Reanalysis built in

Built-in data interchange with the companys TSQ Series mass spectrometers, allows for direct data acquisition, peak re-integration, storage, archiving and reporting of raw data, all under the control of Watsons centralized Oracle database repository

New plate acceptance criteria such as ratio of the LQCs to the NQCs or ratio of the HQCs to the LQCs and comparison of the result to acceptance criteria with Immune Response Modul

5. A LIMS Solution for Food and Beverage

Industrial LIMS are an important component of a comprehensive quality management solution that often includes Process Information Management Systems (PIMS), Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Together, these systems continuously monitor and control production processes, however the LIMS which stores product quality data generally operates independent of the other systems. An ideal LIMS is one that serves as an integrated platform capable of supporting key enterprise processes and systems. Enterprise LIMS include XML web services for open communication with lab and enterprise applications, and client/server functionality for greater access to information and insight into data across the organization. Purpose-Built for Enterprise Deployments Thermo Scientific LIMS has been standardized on for many food and beverage companies around the world. It can be implemented in one or multiple instances, are scalable for a large user base, and is available in multiple languages. In addition, it is flexible and configurable to accommodate various workflows, lab types and user communities across the enterprise. Thermo Scientific LIMS integrates easily with other applications and instruments in and out of the lab, providing one standard user-interface and helps companies enforce process standardization across multiple labs. Thermo Scientific LIMS include a web browser interface for remote sample login, data access and reporting. Secure access to the LIMS data is available for laboratory staff, remote
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users and external customers.The web services interface allows the LIMS to be delivered as anetwork service that can be integrated using common Internet standards, such as ASP, XML, SOAP and HTTP. These industry standard tools help dramatically simplify and reduce the costs of integrating your LIMS with other laboratory and business systems, including PIMS, MES and ERP solutions.

With the need for innovative solutions that enable companies to become more lean and agile, companies are investing in solutions that:

Focus on better tracking and tracing throughout the entire supply chain Offer cost effective production management capabilities Improve quality and safety Allow for flexible and responsive testing protocol Monitor and improve processes Document a historical record of compliance with internal and external standards and regulations

Collect and disseminate test and standards data from and to all parts of the enterprise Ensure that vital process data and final product tests are being captured and provided to those that require the information to make informed decisions in real time In order to assure the quality of products, optimize the efficiency and throughput of

continuous processes, and comply with governmental product and safety standards, companies in the food and beverage industries must control their processes with rigorous testing and real-time monitoring. A key component in this effort is employing a Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) that can deliver:

Ease of configuration and integration with laboratory equipment to increase productivity

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Compliance with regulatory requirements, HACCP, Codex and full support of CFR 21 part 11

Remote access to view data, trends or the ability to log in samples from a remote site Monitor and report processes in real-time Flexible solutions that are built on proven technology that is fully scalable Ability to integrate multiple locations (remote laboratories) into a single database Lower Total Cost of Ownership

A global solution helps reduce the total cost of ownership, as confirmed by an independent study, commissioned by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Enterprise LIMS reduce costs by centralizing and consolidating IT and technical support personnel

With one solution, departments can develop more knowledge of a particular LIMS to identify and solve problems faster, even anticipate them before they occur, freeing staff to focus on business activities

An enterprise LIMS reduces downtime and increases productivity for the end-user Lower costs are also achieved in the areas of implementation, systems integration, upgrades, application development and training

Standardization also streamlines vendor relationships and improves purchasing power Ensure Product Quality and Avoid Delays

With an enterprise LIMS, companies can spot trends and monitor product quality more quickly and easily, dramatically improving their overall quality control process

An integrated approach results in better data flow, less redundant data and virtually no transcription errors and increased laboratory efficiencyall while maintaining the highest quality standards

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Duplicate data and manual entry of sample requests and testing parameters are eliminated through instrument integration

Thermo Scientific LIMS helps to ensure accurate data flow between the lab and the rest of the organization

Having that data available to managers and decision-makers organization-wide leads to faster,
data-driven business decision-making

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References:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/1381141X9500024K http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11018-011-9638-7 http://www.designworldonline.com/Regulatory-compliance-drives-LIMS/ http://labsoftnews.typepad.com/lab_soft_news/2008/11/liss-vs-limss-its-time-to-considermerging-the-two-types-of-systems.html http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=QzM0LUMfdAkC&redir_esc=y http://www.msc-lims.com/download/MSC-LIMS%20BAX%20Integration.pdf http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3005868/ http://www.pharmaceutical-businessreview.com/suppliers/labware__laboratory__information__management__systems http://www.mckesson.com/providers/health-systems/department-solutions/lab/horizon-lab/
http://www.healthcare.siemens.com/diagnostics-it/laboratory-information/td-synergy-lab-info-sys http://www.healthcare.siemens.com/diagnostics-it/laboratory-information/servolab-lab-info-sys http://www.healthcare.siemens.com/diagnostics-it/laboratory-information/siemens-openlink/featuresbenefits

http://www.mckesson.com/providers/health-systems/department-solutions/lab/horizon-lab/
http://www.thermoscientific.com/ecomm/servlet/productsdetail_11152_L10438_81847_12706121_-1 http://www.thermoscientific.com/ecomm/servlet/productsdetail_11152_L10438_81847_13406501_-1 http://www.thermoscientific.com/ecomm/servlet/productsdetail_11152_L10438_81847_12706122_-1 http://www.thermoscientific.com/ecomm/servlet/productsdetail_11152_L10438_81847_13123365_-1

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