Point Of View Notes BRICK -Point of view- It refers to the speaker, narrator, persona, or voice created by authors to tell

stories, present arguments, and express attitudes and judgments. Point of view not only involves the speakers physical position as an observer and recorder, but also the ways in which the speakers social, political, and mental circumstances affect the narrative. -persona-The narrator of a story or poem, the point of view, often an independent character who is completely imagined and consistently maintained by the author. The speaker may also introduce other aspects of his or her knowledge, and may express judgments and opinions. -In a play, the actors are always themselves, but in their roles they impersonate and temporarily become the characters whom they act. -In fictional works, authors not only do the talking, but they create the characters. The character seems like their own real self, but in reality, the authors are putting in the words that the characters are speaking. -The major participant of a situation or event is called a major mover. In Alice and Bills car crash case, they are the major movers. Depending on the point of view, each character will say a different story, usually in order to make him or herself most favorable to someone. -POV depends on two major factors. 1. The physical situation of the narrator, how close the action is to the narrator or speaker. Is the speaker a major mover or not? How accurate is that persons story? 2. The speakers emotional and intellectual position. What will they lose or gain from the situation. Is the speakers story affected by these interests? -In 1st person POV, the narrator tells us things that he or she has personally seen. The word I is used. They talk about what they themselves have done, said, or heard. What they saw others doing, what others said to them, what they can deduce from info. -Some first-person speakers are reliable while some arent.

-In second-person POV, the Narrator is speaking to someone else who is addressed as You. It is the least common POV and offers the writer 2 possibilities. First, tells the listener what he or she has done and said at a past time. Second, some narrators seem to be addressing a you but are actually talking about themselves. It is super confusing. -In the third-person point of view, the speaker emphasizes the actions and speeches of others. If the events are explained by using the pronouns he, she, it, they, then it is in 3rd person POV. -3 types of 3rd person POV dramatic, omniscient, and limited omniscient. -authorial voice- The voice used by authors when seemingly speaking for themselves. It is possible to discuss a narration without assuming that the ideas are actually those of the author in his own person. -The dramatic 3rd POV is the most basic method of narration. It is limited ONLY to what is said and what happens. No interpretations are made. Omniscient 3 rd person POV can see all and tell the readers about everything. Limited omniscient focuses on the major character and their deeds, thoughts etc. Ways to write about point of view -How is the narration made to seem real or probable, are the actions and speeches reported authentically. Is the narrator/speaker identifiable. How much of the story seems to result from the creative powers of the narrator. -First person= What situation makes the speaker tell the story or explain the story. What does the story tell the reader about the experience of the narrator. To what degree is the narrator involved in the action. Does he or she make himself or herself the center of everything? Does he or she seem aware of the changes that happens to him or her. -Second person=Why does the narrator use second person? How does the speaker acquire the authority to explain things to the listener? How involved is the listener? What is the relationship between speaker and listener? -Third person=does the author speak using an authorial voice, or has an adopted a special but unnamed voice for the work? What is the speakers type of language.

To what degree is your interest centered on a particular character. What vantage point is given? What special kind of knowledge does the narrator assume the listeners have already? How much dialogue is used in the story? -what tense is used mostly throughout the story? If one tense is used throughout the story, what is the effect of this constant use of that tense? Does the story use a mixture of tenses and why are they mixed, what is its purpose.