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Luis Constandil CIMIS - UNAB

Comunicacin Neuronal Sinapsis

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Unin sinaptica

Elctrica

Qumica

Conexones o Uniones en Hendidura

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Sinpsis elctrica y la qumica

T. Sinpsis
Distancia entre Mb pre y postsinptica (medido en nm) Continuidad cioplasmtica Componentes estructurales

Elctrica
3,5 S

Qumica
20-40 No

Canales en la unin Vesculas ntima presinp y receptores post-sinp. Corriente inica Virtualmente ausente Bi direccional Transmisor qumico 0,3 a 1,5 Unidireccional

Agente de la transmisin Retraso sinptico (ms) Sentido de la transmisin

Sinapsis Qumica

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Sinapsis Qumica

Elementos sinpticos

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Fotomicrografia de una sinapsis

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Fotomicrografia de una sinapsis

Tipos de sinapsis segn interaccin neuronal

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Tipos de sinapsis segn interaccin neuronal

Tipos sinapsis

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Representacin de las sinapsis sobre una neurona

Sintesis
Neurotransmisor

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Sintesis de los neurotransmisores peptdicos

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Eliminacin del neurotransisor del espacio sinaptico

Liberacin de Neurotransmisores

10

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Unin de la vesicula a la membrana

Proteinas relacionadas con la unin de la vesicula a membrana

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Posibles efectos del neurotransmisor en la membrana postsinaptica

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Ejemplo de sinapsis colinrgica

Regulacin de la sinapsis

Ejemplo de sinapsis glutamatrgica

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Unin Neuromuscular

Sinapsis Colinergica

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Placa Motora

Potenciales post-sinapticos

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Frecuencia de estimulacin y liberacin de neurotransmisores

PEPS y PIPS

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Sumacin de Potenciales

Inhibicin de Potenciales

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Convergencia de estmulos

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Redes neuronales y procesamiento de la informacin

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Definiciones
! Presynaptic facilitation - The response which occurs when the release of excitatory neurotransmitter by one neuron is assisted by the activity of another neuron via an axoaxonic synapse; the end result is that more neurotransmitter is released and bound, and larger excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) are formed. Presynaptic inhibition - The response which occurs when the release of excitatory neurotransmitter by one neuron is inhibited by the activity of another neuron via an axoaxonic synapse; the end result is that less neurotransmitter is released and bound, and smaller excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) are formed. Spatial summation (of PSP's) - The response which occurs when the postsynaptic neuron is stimulated at the same time by a large number of axon terminals from the same or, more commonly, different neurons; huge numbers of its receptors bind neurotransmitter and simultaneously initiate excitatory postsynatptic potentials (EPSPs), which summate and dramatically enhance depolarization. Temporal summation (of PSP's) - The response which occurs when one or more presynaptic neurons transmit impulses in rapid-fire order and bursts of neurotransmitter are released in quick succession; the first impulse produces a slight excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP), and before it dissipates, successive impulses trigger more excitatory postsynatptic potentials (EPSPs); these summate, producing a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single excitatory postsynatptic potential (EPSP).

FIN

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