Honors Chemistry

Name

Stoichiometry and Measurements Lab

Unit 4:Stoichiometry

Google Doc: https://docs.google.com/a/hkis.edu.hk/document/d/1alcgB1z-8hbmWIwQkAjCeyi_zB8AAucI9MTofjKPzc/edit Purpose:

The purpose of this lab is to show how stoichiometry is connected to the world around us, and that we arent studying this unit just so that we know it, but because people use it in the world around us and it is necessary for people to use this way of working out problems, and it could save a life (medicine).
Procedure:

After calculating the amount needed to form exactly 1.35g of his medicine, weigh all reactants including; Barium nitrate, and potassium dichromate, and also mass the filter paper. Dissolve the two reactants in water in a separate beaker; add as much water as it takes to dissolve the compound fully. Once both compounds are fully dissolved mix the two aqueous solutions in another beaker, mix the solutions with a stirring rod. Put the mixture into the filter paper, which is on top of a flask. Wait until all of the solution has filtered, and then mass the filter paper with the precipitate in it, subtract the initial mass of the filter paper, which will leave us with the mass of Barium dichromate needed to make the medicine.
Stoichiometry Lab As a doctor in the hospital, your patient needs 1.35 g of barium dichromate for the production of his "life saving" medicine. You know that every time you conduct this reaction, you get a 79.5% yield. The chemicals that you have to work with are potassium dichromate and barium nitrate . (they are very expensive, so use the minimum amount needed)

Pre-lab: Questions to address prior to starting lab 1. How much of the reactants will you need to measure out? You need to measure out the amount needed to make exactly the right amount of reactants needed for the medicine, we know how much we need by our calculations.

2. How much water should you add to the beaker? You need to add as much water need to, completely dissolve the compound so that all you can see is an aqueous solution. 3. To separate the solid from the liquid, you will need to filter. What is in the filter paper? Should you mass the filter paper before hand? Why? You need to mass the filter paper before because then you can subtract it from the total to find the amount in the precipitate. The Barium Sulfate would be left, although all of the reactants would be in there before the filtration has been completed. 4. How will you collect the aqueous product? Does this need to be measured? No it doesn't need to be measured since you are only looking for the precipitate formed and not the aqueous product, although you could mass the amount of aqueous solution, as it would be in the flask after the filtration process has been completed. 5. Where are some places where you might lose some of your product? How can you maximize your percent yield and minimize your percent error? You may lose some of your product when you move from the beaker into the filter. You may also lose some of the solid in the filter paper if it is broken. Before beginning, include all calculations necessary to begin your procedure. Draw a data table necessary to collect the data. Be careful to think of all data necessary to collect and include this in your table. (if you forget something, you can always repeat the lab) Analysis and Discussion: As you collect your data, include a calculation of the percent yield and percent error, sources of error, will your patient have enough for his medicine, what improvements would you make to your procedure for next time. Na2SO4 Weight (g): 0.951 Ba(NO3)2 1.75 Precipitate 1.702

Na2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 = BaSO4 + 2Na(NO3) 1.35g Barium Sulfate 100- 79.5 20.5% 0.28 g Therefore 1.35g + 0.28g = 1.63g 1.63g BaSO4 x 1 mol BaSO4 x 1 mol Na2SO4 x 142.04g Na2SO4 = 1 243.33g BaSO4 1 mol BaSO4 1 mol Na2SO4 0.951g Na2SO4 0.951g Na2SO4 x 1 mol Na2SO4 x 1 mol Ba(NO3)2 x 261.33 g Ba(NO3)2 = 1 142.04g NaSO4 1 mol NaSO4 1 mol Ba(NO3)2 1.75g Ba(NO3)2 Beaker 1: 31.947g NaSO4: 0.951 Together: 32.896 Beaker 34.634 BaNO3 1.75g Together: 36.377 Filter paper 1.236 2.937g filter and precipitate 2.937g -1.235g 1.702g precipitate - 79.5% -1.35g 0.35g medicine!

Our patient will have almost exactly the right amount of medicine. Using our calculations we produced exactly 1.702g of precipitate (which was barium dichromate). Our patient needs 1.35g of the product and we know that every time we produce this we get a 79.5% yield. 1.35 is is 79.32% of 1.702g, (1.702 x .7932). If we account the lost 0.2% for spillage, our calculations were correct, the wrong amount is just due to human error.

video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9t3UDg42C4Q&feature=youtu.be

Honors Chemistry Lab Stoichiometry and Measurement LAB BLOG RUBRIC Group Members: Benjamin Mowat, Calum Black, Samir Malhotra, Saul Shah Title/purpose 1/ 1 Materials 1/ 1 Conclusion statement 1/ 1 Concluding statement at the end of the report summarizes your lab findings and refers back to purpose. Lab clean 2/2

Excellent 5

Very Good 4.5

Good 4

Average 3.5

Below Average 3-0

Procedure: (past tense, paragraph format, no use of I or we) - with rationale related to the Questions to be addressed from prelab Show all calculations in your logic of the masses of reactants used Is the amount of water important? Why not? Why did you mass the filter paper and/or the beaker? Data tables with titles and labels eg) Table 1: Masses of ONLY relevant data provided in the data table (for example, do you need the mass of the beaker that you mixed the reactants in? Did you use that mass in your calculations? If not, dont include it!) Reaction described (reactants and products)

Analysis of data Show calculations of actual yield Calculations to determine percent yield and percent error for each product. (with attention to sig figs from data) Discussion 1: What was the theory behind your lab? What techniques were used? Why? What chemical concepts helped you to produce the products? Did you get close to 100% yield? Will your patient survive? Is your yield too high or low? What affected your yield for each? (be specific in your error analysis to coincide with your results (high or low)).

Discussion 2: What would you differently next time. Propose three feasible improvements to this lab. What did you learn from the lab? What other real life application can you apply this to?

/35 points