Human Rights Standards in Arrest and Detention/ StandardeleDrepturiloromului n arest i detenie

Aim/Scopul: The aim of this module is to provide participants with a clear understanding of human rights implications related to the use of force by law enforcement officials./ Scopul acestei lecii este de a oferi participanilor o nelegere clar privind drepturilor omului i a implicaiilor legate de utilizarea forei de ctre oficialii responsabili cu aplicarea a legii. !plain the principles on use of force based on the relevant international human rights standards./Se e!plic principiile cu privire la utilizarea forei" bazate pe standarde internaionale relevante n domeniul drepturilor omului. # !plain the permissible circumstances for the use of firearms/ Se prezint condiiile acceptabile de utilizare a armelor de foc. # !plain the procedure when use of force and firearms is unavoidable/ Se e!plic procedura atunci c$nd utilizarea forei i a armelor de foc este inevitabil. #%etermine the appropriate means of force and/or firearms in different situations./Se stabilesc mi&loacelor adecvate de for i / sau de arme de foc n situaii diferite.

Definitions: '. (rrest) *The act of depriving the liberty of someone in accordance withthe law with charges against him/her+ (restarea )actul de a lipsi o persoana de libertate in conformitate cu acuzatiile/invinuirilelegaleaduseimpotrivasa. ,urposes of arrest are to) Scopurile arestarii sunt pentru) #,revent a person from committing or continuing to commit unlawfulacts-S previn ca o persoana sa comit sau s continue comiterea de acte ilegale-

# nable an investigation in relation to an alleged unlawful act committed by the person- (permitedesfurareauneiinvestigaiinlegatura cu un act suspect de a fi ilegal" comis de catrepersoanarespectiva#,resent the person before a court in order to consider the chargesagainst him/her,rezentareapersoanein fata uneiinstante care sa&udeceacuzatiile care isuntaduse. .. (rrested person) *a person who has been apprehended for the allegedcommission of an offence or by the action of an authority+. ,ersoana arestata este) o persoana care a fost arestata sub suspiciunea de comitere a unei infractiuni sau pentru punerea n aplicare a uneidecizii emise de catre o instanta.

/andatory (rrest 0ecord1nformation / %ate obligatorii de inregistrare privind arestarea) #,ersonal data on (rrestee 2name" address" age" gender" description" etc.3- %atele personale ale arestatului 2numele" adresa" varsta"se!ul" descrierea" etc3#(rresting officer2s3- 4fiteriicare au realizatarestarea#0eason for (rrest- /otivelearestarii#%ate/time of (rrest- %ata/oraarestarii#,lace of (rrest- 5ocul de arrest#%ate/time of transfer to place of custody- %ata/ora de transfer in locul de arrest#6ustodial officer receiving (rrestee- 4fiterul de arest/penitenciar care a primitpersoanaarestata#,recise information on place of custody- %ate precise privindlocul de arrest#%etails of interrogation- %etaliiprivindinterogatoriil#Time of appearance before &udge- %ata cand a fostprezentatinstantei#%etails of &udicial appearance 2who" where3- %etaliidespreprezentarea la instanta 2cine" unde3-

#1nformation on all other involved officers. 1nformatii despre toti ceilalti ofiteri implicate.

,ost#(rrest ,rocedures / ,roceduri post 2dupa3 arestare #Time limitations for arrest and detention- limitele de timppentruretineresiarestare#every person arrested and detained should be brought before a court as soon as reasonably possible in order to) 4ricepersoanaretinutasiarestataartrebuiadusa in fata uneiinstante cat de curandesteposibil in mod rezonabil" pentru) #review the grounds for detention- verificareamotivelorretinerii#consider bail or release. pentru a se discuta/apreciaeliberareapecautiunesaueliberarea . The defined time frame does not mean / ,erioada de timpcadru/precizata nu inseamna ) #automatic bail for the accused / eliberarea automata pecautiune 2the accused may" for e!ample" be ordered a new period of detention and remanded in custody3#that the investigation must be completed within that time frame- / cainvestigatiatrebuiefinalizata in aceastaperioade de timp#that the police must wait for the time frame to be e!pired beforebringing the person in front of a &udge- / capolitiatrebuiesaasteptee!pirareaacesteiperioade de timppentru a adduce persoana in fata uneiinstante1t is up to 748 as 8 ,olice to ma9e yourself aware of the &udicial re:uirements in the country of your mission. %epinde de T1; ca ,olitist 8 sa te informezi despre conditiile de baza ale legii in tara unde va aflati in misiune.

Conditions of Detention / Conditiile de detentie: '3(de:uatefacilities for detention- <acilitati/conditiicorespunzatoare de detentie-

#4fficially recognized places of detention only- %oarlocurile de detentieoficialacceptate#=uman- 6onditii umane de detentie#=ealthy- 6onditii de asigurare a sanatatii#(de:uate food- =ranacorespungatoare#(de:uate water 2both drin9ing water and for bathing/showering3- (pa in mod corespunzator 2atat de baut cat sipentrubaie/dus3#(de:uate shelter 2minimum floor space" lighting" heating" ventilation>3 (dapostcorespunzator2 spatiu minim" lumina" incalzire" ventilare/aerisire>3 #(de:uate clothing- 1mbracamintecorespunzatoare#(de:uate medical services- Serviciimedicalecorespunzatoare#(de:uate e!ercise facilities and opportunities- ,osibilitati de e!ercitiufiziccorespunzatoare#(de:uate items and facilities for personal hygiene. (rticole si facilitati pentru igiena personala.

.3 =umane and respectful treatment of detainees / Tratamentomenossicu respect al detinutilor) #,resumption of innocence / ,rezumtia de nevinovatie#0espect of the inherent dignity / 0espectulinalienabil al demnitatii#(bsolute prohibition of torture and cruel" inhuman or degradingtreatment or punishment / 1nterzicereaabsoluta/totala a torturiisau a tratamentelorsaupedepselor crude" inhumane saudegradante#,rohibition of violence or threats / 1nterzicereaamenintarilor cu violenta#,rotection from torture and violence by other detainees / ,rotectieimpotrivatorturiisauviolentei din parteaaltordetinuti-

#0espect for religious and moral beliefs / 0espectareacredintelor/convingerilorreligioasesi morale#0espect for the special status and rights of women / 0espectareastatutuluispecial si al drepturilorfemeilor#0espect for the special status and rights of children / 0espectareastatutuluispecial si al drepturilorcopiilor#,rohibition on ta9ing advantage of a detainee?s situation to forceconfession or selfincrimination / 1nterzicerea de incercasa se profite de situatia de detinuti" pentru a fortamarutiisauautoincriminari#5aw and regulations set out the measures for discipline and order / 5egeasiregulamentelesastabileascamasurile de disciplinasiordine #5imitations of measures for discipline and order to those onlynecessary for safe custody / 5imitareamasurilor de disciplinasiordine la acelea care saasiguresigurantaarestului.

@3 4utside contacts for detainees / 6ontactele e!terioare pentru detinuti) #5egal representatives / 0eprezentantiilegali#<amily / <amilia#;ational prison inspectors and international monitors 2nationalcommissions and agencies" 8;" 1606" 8" others3 1nspectia nationala a penitenciarelor simonitori internationali 2agentiisicomisiinationale" 8;" 6omisia1nternationala a 6rucii0osii" 8"altii3#/edical personnel / ,ersonalul medical#Audge / 1nstanta#0eligious authorities / (utoritatilereligioase.

Principle / Principiu: (ll people deprived of their liberty are vulnerable to violations of human rights. Some categories of detainees such as women and &uveniles areparticularly at ris9. <urthermore" detainees in police custody usuallyhave not been convicted of any crime. Therefore they are to bepresumed innocent. / Toatepersoanelelipsite de libertatesuntvulnerabile la violari ale drepturiloromului. (numite categorii de detinuti ca femeile si copiii prezinta un risc deosebit. /ai mult decat atat" detinutii din aresturile politiei" in mod normal nu au fost inca condamnati pentru nici o infractiune. %in acest motiv trebuie socotiti ca nevinovati. Beneral principles are set out in (rticle 'C of the 1nternational 6ovenant on 6ivil and ,olitical 0ights which re:uire / ,rincipiile generale sunt precizate in (rticolul 'C al 6onventiei 1nternationale privind %repturile ,olitice si 6ivile care precizeaza) #(ll persons deprived of liberty to be treated with humanity and respect for the inherent dignity of human person / Toatepersoanelelipsite de libertatetrebuietratate cu umanitatesi respect pentrudemnitateaumana. #(ccused person to be segregated from convicted person and givenseparate treatment appropriate to their status as nonconvictedperson. / ,ersoaneleacuzatetrebuiesa fie separate de persoanelecondamnatesisa li se acorde un tratamentcorespunzatorstatutuluilor de personae necondamnate. #(ccused &uveniles are to be separated from adult detainees / (cuzatiitinerisa fie separati de detinutiiadulti. .

%efinition of Torture / %efiniatorturii) #(ny act committed by a public official or person acting in officialcapacity intentionally causing severe pain and suffering" whethermental or physical" for purposes such as / 4rice act comis de catre un oficial public sau de catre o persoana care desfasoara activitati oficiale care in mod intentionat provoaca durere sau suferinta mental sau fizica urmarind sa )

# 4btaining information or a confession / Sa obtina informatii sau o recunoastere a faptelor # ,unishing" intimidating or coercing / Sa pedepseasca" intimideze sau sa constranga.

Special 0e:uirements for <emale %etainees / 6erintespecialepentru<emeile%etinute) #<emale officer to be present during all contact with female offenders/detainees / <emei politest sa fie prezente la toate activitatile cu femeile infractoare sau detinute. #<emale detainees must be housed separately from male detainees- / <emeile detinute se tin separate de barbatii detinuti#<emale officers to supervise and search female detainees / <emeile politiste supravegheaza si controleaza femeile detinute . #Special facilities for pregnant detainees and detained nursing mothers / Trebuie amena&ate facilitate corespunzatoare pentru detinutele insarcinate sau pentru cele care alapteaza. (rrested or detained females must not suffer discrimination andmust be protected from violence" including se!ual harassment"abuse" e!ploitation and humiliating or degrading treatment. / <emeilearestatesaudetinute nu trebuiesa fie discriminate sitrebuieprote&ate de violenta" inclusiv de hartuirese!uala" abuz" e!ploataresitratamentedegradantesauumilitoare. 0apeand other forms of se!ual violence are a form of torture. / Diolul sau alte forme de violent se!ual sunt considerate forme de tortura. Special protection for pregnant detainees and nursing mothers2pregnant detainees and nursing mothers should be detained as alast resort3. / Trebuiesa se asigureprotectiespecialadetinutelorinsarcinatesaucelor care alapteaza 2pentruacestecategoriidetentiaartrebuidecisacaultimaposibilitate3.

Special 0e:uirements for 6hild %etainees / 6erintespecialepentru6opiii%etinuti 6hildren are to benefit from all human rights guarantees. / 6opiii beneficieaza de toate garantiile oferite de drepturile omului. 1n addition" the following rules need to be applied to child detainees./ 1n plus" regulileurmatoare se aplica6opiilor%etinuti) #%etention or imprisonment of children must be an e!treme measure of last resort / %etinerea sau inchiderea copiilor trebuie sa fie o masura e!trema" de ultima posibilitate. # Their families or" in absence" their communities must be notified of their detention to arrange for meals and :uic9 release from custody / <amiliile sau in absenta acestora" comunitatile trebuie informate de detentia copiilor pentru a aran&a hrana si o eliberare rapida din arest. #6hildren must be separated from adult detainees / 6opii trebuie separati de detinutii adulti.

Special re:uirements for other groups) / 6erintespecialepentrualtegrupuri) #Broups such as persons with disabilities" elders" refugees and 1%,s"migrant wor9ers" minorities and indigenous persons re:uire specialprotections measures" including upon arrest and during detention. # 8 ,olice should become familiar with the specific standards forthese groups and apply them accordingly. / Brupuricacele ale persoanelor cu invaliditati" batrinii" refugiatii" persoanelestramutate" muncitoriiemigranti" minoritatile" indigenii au nevoie de masuri de protectiespeciala" inclusiv in ceeaceprivestearestareasaupetimpuldetentiei. ,olitia 8 ar trebui sa se familiarizeze cu standardele specific pentru aceste grupuri si sa le aplice in conformitate. #1n e!ercising their functions" 8 ,olice officers must notdiscriminate against any person on any grounds" such as gender"race" colour" language" religion" political or other opinion" national"ethnic or social origin" se!ual orientation" association with a

nationalcommunity" property" birth or other status. 1n e!ercitareafunctiilorlor" politistii 8 nu trebuiesadiscriminezenici o persoanapenici un motiv cum ar fi se!ul" rasa" culoarea" limba" religia" opiniipoliticesau de alt fel" nationalitate" etniesauoriginesociala" orientarese!uala" apartenenta la o comunitatenationala" proprietate" nasteresauorice alt statut.