1Mental/Spiritual/Emotional Needs in music and dancing.

Young teenagers discovering black music Sneaking out Club Scene The Lind !op 1"#$ Choll %tkins& choreographer '()& *hite soldiers being e+posed to black culture in ,,--. Less code .or black l rics. )ooge ,ooge /late $0s1 earl 20s3 )lack radio stations a.ter the *ar1 catching teenagers attention. !ank )allard& black Elvis ,ork *ith Me %nnie %merican )and Stand %lan 4reed& part o. the d5 movement to*ards '() and a*a .rom traditional. ,hite broadcaster bringing out '() .or *hite audiences. )egan to do so in 1"#11 and called it 'ock and 'oll1 black slang .or se+. The Moondog 6art Sho* )acklash b older generation1 mostl in South Elvis Rhythm and Blues Ne* 7rleans 4ast/4ats83 9omino& one o. the .irst '() to take o.. *ith *hite Eas .irst step .or *hite teenagers. Cosimo Matassa& publisher o. 'ock and 'oll in Ne* 7rleans Little 'ichard& believes himsel. to be originator o. 'ock and 'oll. 4rom :eorgia1 gains attention .rom Cosimo;s studio in Ne* 7rleans. Church inspiration. Earl #0s. ,hite impersonator .or Toot 4ruit is 6at )oone. Legalit issues did not e+ist. Memphis Sam Phillips& producer/engineer in Memphis. 7pened in 1"#01 recorded black blues artists. 4ounded Sun 'ecords a.ter success *ith artists. Sought a *hite singer .or black music. Elvis 6resle & appeared in summer o. 1"#$ to record a song .or his mom;s birthda . Started *ith countr 1 *ith limited success. Scott Moore helped change that. %ccident *ith guitar started the assimilation. That;s %lright Momma. Childhood had been rough1 gre* up *ith *hite and black in.luences. 4irst public per.ormance in <ul o. #$=. 'C% records bu s his contract and starts marketing him1 causing his music and image changes to be tamer. -mage became too important too him. Col Tom 6arker ne* agent. <err Lee Le*is& 5oined Sun 'ecords in #>=. !eard ,hole Lot o. Shakin; in a club *hich launched his career *hen he pla ed it. Chicago Chicago )lues& %mpli.ied harmonicas and electric guitars Chess 'ecords& )rothers Leonard and 6hil. Little Mississippi )o 9iddle & ne* st le *ith the guitar. 6la ed the guitar like the drums. Tribal rh thms. Chuck )err & Countr blues ish stu... ?er di..erent guitar st le. Ma bellene hit @#. Combination o. countr and blues. ,as also ga 1 like Little 'ichard. ,hite in.luences on his music. -con. Le*is1 6resle 1 'ichard1 )err all stopped at the end o. the #0s along *ith a host o. others. 6a ola& artists/publishers bribing d5s to get their music on the air The Empire Strikes Back: The Producers Time bet*een Elvis and the )eatles *as dominated b producers.

<err Leiber and Mike Stoller& song *riters .or )enn 1 Elvis1 and others. -n.luenced b black culture. ,rote and produced1 developed $ minute Apla lets; /83. 6assionate about their *ork *ith black groups. !ad a *orking relationship *ith their groups1 *ho had veto po*er. )lack music to a *hite audience. Hound Dog1 Jailhouse Rock, The Coasters& Carl :ardner and others. Lots o. social commentar . Young Blood and Searchin hit in #B. )en E Cing& the *riters moved him .rom *hat he kne*1 gospelish1 to more appealing st le. )rought structure to him. 4rom inventor to assembl line. Strings1 orchestral1 percussion. Stand by Me& *as part o. The 9ri.ters. )eginning o. soul. %.ter*ards1 developed him solo. )rill )uilding& the music industr . Carole Cing and <err :o..in/83& The Shirells& ,ould You Love Me Tomorro* 1">1 Leading edge o. girl group e+plosion. 6hil Specter& 1">$ merged black girl sound *ith opera orchestral. ,all o. Sound. <e.. )arr and /883 *orked *ith him. S mphonies .or kids 9id not care about artists1 he *as the star1 the *ere unimportant. 'onn )ennett& part o. the 'onnetts1 a .ormer goDgo group. )ecame 6hil;s *i.e. The 'ighteous )rothers& )ill Medle and )obb !at.ield. You Lost that Lovin Feeling Sur. Music 9ick 9ale& king o. the sur. guitar. 6la ed guitar like a drum1 like )o 9iddl . MidDEast Melodies. -ndependent label /9el Tones3. -nspiration .rom *orld around them instead o. studio. )rian ,ilson& heart o. the beach bo s. -nspired b the 4our 4reshmen. Le.t label to create their o*n sound. ,rote1 per.ormed1 published himsel.. 4ierce rivalr *ith Specter. The Beatles and Bob Dylan )ob 9 lan& inspired b ,oode :u..re /check spelling3. 4ingerDpointing songs. Spokesman o. a generation at EE. 6eter1 6aul1 and Mar & covered some o. )ob 9 lan; s music. Blo ing in the !ind" Social Criticism .rom both groups. Civil 'ights %nthem 'eturned to 'ock and 'oll a.ter )eatles -nspired b Mardi :ras1 Mr #a$boine Man 1">2. )eat poet inspiration too. )egan turning 'ock into art through his l rics. Toured England in 1">#. ,as .rustrated L rics continued to challenge societ 1 Civil 'ights Movement. %l Cooper& ke board/organ pla er *ith )ob 9 lan. 7rgan became part o. 9 lan;s sound. Like a Rolling Stone Ne*port& impromptu electric guitar usage makes .ans .eel betra ed1 sold out. 1">#D>& tour backed b the !a*ks1 'obb 'obertson1 *ith electric guitar. The !a*ks become kno*n as his band. ,as met *ith outrage. Lonn 9onegan& scotsman *ho ignited interest in the guitar in England1 inspired .rom %merican 4olk music. Sci..le craFe in 1"#>. Caused band e+plosion.

The )eatles ,rote their o*n material. Changed ever thing. %rrived in GS in 1">2. Movement a*a .rom producers. H,asn;t that great o. a recordID)rian ,ilson/*asn;t .actor /*all o. sound3. Changing o. business model to the Aidols; o. the )eatles. )ritish -nvasion1 Hblame the d5s.I Moving a*a .rom black artists. Marketing& massive promotional campaign be.ore the arrived. 7riginalit 1 Sta ed Themselves 6roducer :eorge Martin Challenged them to *rite better songs. Led to 11 consecutive @1 singles. 9 lan began to in.luence them b >#1 especiall <ohn. %lso mari5uana rumors. )egan to be more critical. Look at all the Lonely %eo&le strings instead o. guitars. The )irds& something o. an %merican ans*er to )eatles 'oger Mc:uin1 9avid Crosb 1 :ene Clark H% !ard 9a ;s NightI& .ilm on ho* to be a pop band. !eav in.luence <im 9ickson& producer Mr #a$boine Man b )ob 9 lan .ell into their hands. 6ut a )eatles/)each )o s spin on it. 4ollo*ed it *ith 'll ( ant to Do another )ob 9 lan cover. The *ere not alone in covering his songs. ( )ot You Babe& another 9 lan cover1 sold $ million in less than a month. Secularized Gospel Music Sam Cooke& one o. the .irst .rom gospel to pop. -nspiration .or those *ho .ollo*ed. 'a Charles& (ve )ot a !o$an 1">2. Church singer. SeculariFed gospel sound. )err :ord <r.& .ounder o. Moto*n 'ecords. 7pened <aFF record store out o. passion1 .ailed so studio. Lonely #eardro&s .irst hit *ith /lookup other gu 3. Crossover appeal to *hites. !itsville GS%& Moto*n records .ounded *ith JK00 loan. %llo*ed the band to pla . Competition. Smok 'obinson and the Miracles *ith something The Marvellettes& Hey Mr %ost$an Marvin :ra & architect o. Asoul; *ith %l :reen. Stevie ,onder Eddie and )rian !olland *ith 4red 9oser& song*riters1 steeped in gospel. 'h thm out .ront. 4unk )rothers& 5aFF musicians )err had as studio band. The Temptations& 7tis ,illiams #he !ay You Do the #hings You Do The Supremes& there *as a lot o. video1 not much content. The 4inishing School& Ma+ine 6o*ell and Choll %tkins taught the artists o. ho* to entertain. Moll & doing things the class /*hite3 *a . Looking pleasant1 *ith a smile. %tkins& the choreographer to plan .or tv and upscale clubs. Michael <ackson o. the <ackson # <err ,e+ler& *orked at %tlantic 'ecords1 great ear .or talent. '() kingpin. Sta+ 'ecords& Memphis1 Tennessee in 1"#K b <im Ste*art. Much more .ree .lo*. 9o *hat ou *ant. <ust pla . )ooker T and the M:s& rh thm section behind the records. -nterracial group. E guitars1 piano/organ1 drum ,ilson 6ickett& Midnight Hour based o.. o. Ne* York dance craFe. 7tis 'edding& #hese 'r$s o* Mine, Sitting on the dock o. the ba -n Montere 1 connected *ith the .lo*er children/hippies3. Sam and 9ave& European Tour& gospel sound *as unheard o. at the time. Tremendous success. 4ame in Muscle Shoals& .ounded b 'ick !all.

!omespun Studio )and& %lmost entirel *hite musicians .or the music. %retha 4ranklin 9eath o. 9r. Cing changed black music. Move .rom gospel to A.unk;. Blues and British Bands )ritish Musicians inspired b %merican )lues The %nimals& .irst hit *as too popish .or their liking. Eric )ird1 lead singer. Chas Chandler1 bass and discovers <imi !endri+. !ouse o. the 'ising Sun& smashing success. Chess distributed through 6ie1 *hich *as surprised b popularit . %le+is Corner& coordinator o. earl London )lues scene1 .ounded his o*n club1 Ealing Club /83. <ohn Ma all and the )lues )reakers& The 'olling Stones& Ceith 'ichards and Mik <agger1 *ith )rian <ones. 'e5ected b ))C1 singer sounded too black. )rian <ones& started the band1 .ell out *hen the moved a*a .rom %merican )lues. Yardbirds& Aincubators; .or guitar pla ers. %.ter Eric Clapton1 <e.. )eck1 then <imm 6age/spelling3. Eric Clapton& .irst o. $ successive lead guitarists in the Yardbirds1 did a single album. <oined <ohn Ma all and the )lues )reakers. Then created Cream1 unusuall a trio. A6o*er Trio; becomes a thing. <ack )ruce and /883 1">2& )ritish blues begin %merican tours1 %nimals1 'olling Stones1 etc. <imi !endri+& discovered b Chas Chandler. 4ame started in England. 6o*er Trio. 9edicated himsel. to music and the guitar. Mastered .eedback bet*een guitar and amp. 6la ed bass and lead simultaneousl . September 1K1 1"B0. Led Leppelin& emerged .rom the ashes o. the Yardbirds in 1">K. 'obert 6lant1 lead singer. A!eav Metal; Dru s and Music The ) rds %gain& K Miles !igh su..ered .rom the :avin 'eport/dictated *hat music radios pla ed3. ?anguard o. ps chadelic music %cid Tests& The :rate.ul 9ead *ith <err :arcia and 6hil Lesh pla ed during these lsd e+periments. Started San 4rancisco ps chadelic scene. !aight and %shbur streets area. )ig )rother and the !olding :roup& <anice <oplin became lead singer. The )eatles& released 'evolver at the end o. their touring career. -nvolved e+perimentation. 'avi Shanker& that -ndian instrument that became popular. Taught :eorge !arrison. 'ecord companies start moving in a.ter the .irst hippie gathering in San 4rancisco. <e..erson %irplane& .irst ps chadelic to have success on the charts. 6aul Catner/83 and :race Slick 6s chadelic in England 6ink 4lo d )eatles release Sgt 6eppers %lbum. Then pla ed %ll You Need is Love live via satellite. ,oodstock Crosb 1 Stills1 and Nash 4ree Concert in San 4rancisco& securit b !ell;s %ngels1 *ho beat up ever one. 9ecember o. 1">". End o. the peace and love generation.

The !ild Side The ?elvet Gnderground& Lou 'eed and others .ormed b %nd ,arhol. Completel di..erent sound that in.luenced others tremendousl . 9 lan like l rics. Completel di..erent stage attitudes. -nspired the *riter .or the 9oors.

The 9oors& <im Morrison1 legend1 and 'a ManFarek. Continued in the same st le as ?elvlet. %bsurd theatrical st le on stage. E+tremel con.rontational1 inspired b living theater. <im Morrison arrested .or indecent e+posure and attempting to incite a riot. Start o. 'ock :od. The Stooges& -gg 6op picked up a.ter <im Morrison. Might have started stage diving. 'ecords did poorl . %lice Cooper& Astake through heart; o. love generation. The chicken thro*n o.. stage. 9avid )o*ie& did poorl until proclaimed he *as bise+ual. -n.luenced b %nd ,arhol and his actors1 along *ith Ne* York itsel.. -nvented character Ligg Stardust1 an alien being.

"unky Time
<ames )ro*n& started the popularit o. .unk. The begging theater routine at %pollo. 4ather o. 4unk. 9id not censor himsel. .or *hite audiences. H6ride and Sel.D9etermination.I 6oured his mone into black neighborhoods. Tightest band in sho* business. +old S eat& using instruments di..erentl to start .unk. 9eDemphasiFed melod and harmon in .avor o. rh thm. Mac 7;6arker& led the <ames )ro*n )and;s horn section. H)ackup singer role.I -nstrumental/!%M3. The 7ne& emphasis on .irst beat. )and Mutin over unkno*n reason. Suspected .inancial. The 6acemakers replaced the old band *ith )oots Collins. More 'h thm. Ne* pla ers1 ne* energ . 7nl lasted a ear. )oots Collins& oung and incredible bass pla er. Moved the group to leave and do their o*n thing. Sl and the 4amil Stone& motle interracial/gender group in San 4rancisco. )lended in ps chadelic and .unk. Gnlike )ro*n1 had a huge *hite .ollo*ing. 6op/rock/.unk. Sl Stone *as a .ormer d5. Dance to the Music& .irst hit *ith ne* approach to the bass. Larr :raham& the bass pla er. Started slap bass. Changed the role o. the bass pla er. Musicians became more important. Moto*n& conscious o. civil rights movement1 *orried about image. %rtists *rote several albums. Marvin :ra /:a 831 Stevie ,onder1 etc. :eorge Clinton& 6arliament to 6arliament 4unkadelic to man others. 9i..erent sound appealed to ounger aud. Similar to )oots 1 eventuall met1 created 6D4unk. Loud ampli.ication o. sound. )oots brought rh thm. Gsed The 7ne .rom <ames )ro*n. The 4unk Ste*/phrase or band83. :eorge Clinton used a lot o. theatrics and craF costumes. )uilt up AThe Mothership.; Took advantage o. disco to advance .unk. 9r. 4unkenstein emerging .rom the mother ship. 4illed the stage *ith people. )urnie ,orrell& second bass pla er o. the band to greatl e+periment. Earth ,ind and 4ire& one o. the up coming .unk bands in the earl B0s. Lighter and more melodic to get on *hite radio. Disco Cenn :amble and Leon !u..& 6hiladelphia -nternational 'ecords *ho *ere picked up b C)S. Created the 6hill Sound1 Abo* tie on .unk.; 6roduction house taking over again. %dded strings/percussion to .unk. 9isco. Similar to Moto*n e..ect1 A?egas 'evie*.; 9ance 'ecords. Saturda Night 4ever& the soundtrack brought disco mainstream. )oots Collins1 Larr :raham1 <ames )ro*n1 :eorge Clinton1 )ernie ,orrell #$%& S#'T T#'S 'S ( %$T $" "'%%ER

The Per)ect Beat :randmaster 4lash& disc 5oke as an artist1 creating instead o. 5ust pla ing. ,ith The 4urious # :round level *ork breaking ne* ground %.rica )ambaataa aka )%M& more o. a leader o. the political arm o. hipDhop1 .ounded Lulu Nation Encouraged competitive break dancing as alternative to gangs. Cra.tD,erk& german e+perimenting in electronic music1 became popular in the )ron+. -n.luenced )ambaatttaa %rthur )aker& producer .or 6lanet 'ock1 *hich started electronic .unk. 9eborah !arr o. )londie& *hite *oman rapping1 .ormer punk. Ne* 7rder& )ritish group put traditional instruments but kept the beat/emphasiFed drums. Blue Monday and #hieves Like ,s and +on*usion Madonna& .irst album did not have her .ace on it to not alienate an one. MT?& started broadcasting in 1"K1. 9id not broadcast black artists until C)S insisted the pla Michael <ackson. 1"KK& started its .irst rap onl segment. )oston& home to a lot o. the earl hip hop. 9e. <am 'ecords& 'ick 'ubin and 'ussel Simmons started to sign rap artists since the big publishers *ould not. 'unD9MC& rap *ith guitars. Cover o. %erosmith !alk this !ay1 had to learn the song. )east )o s& adding rap to their punk. %ppealed to *hite kids. 7bno+ious act started as a parod . The 6arental %dvisor Sticker 6ublic Enem & )rookl n 'ap :roup changed the sound o. rap music. :ot political in their l rics. N,%& Niggers ,ith %ttitude out o. L%1 gangsta rappers that had a .ocus on gang violence. 9e La Soul& rap .rom the suburbs1 e+tremel mild in comparison to ever thing else. 'eminded people o. >0s. La*suit over background music caused shakeup1 ne* la* onl allo*ed B second sampling. 9errick Ma & Techno .rom 9etroit. Ne* 7rder became .rontrunners o. the genre again. !ouse& rediscover o. disco named a.ter the ,arehouse Club. Madonna again... The 7rb& dream state1 .ilm stor 1 dance thing1 ver long songs.