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FACULTY OF AYURVEDA
INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY
Compiled By:
Shilpy Gupta
Roll No. 05431041
Class: BAMS 3rd Prof.
Admission Batch: 2005
Jivanti
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Leptadenia Reticulata Wight & Am.
Family : Asclepiadaceae
English : Leptadenia
Sanskrit Name : Jivanti, Jivani, Madhusrava
Hindi : Dori
Gujrati : Dodi, Nahnidodi, Khirkhodi
Tamil : Palaikkodi, Palakudai
Botanical Description:
It grows in the sub-Himalayan tracts of Punjab,
U.P. and throughout the Deccan Peninsula up to an altitude of 900 m, in India.
L.reticulata is a much-branched twining shrub. The bark is yellowish brown, corky,
deeply cracked; the leaves are ovate-cordate, coriaceous glabrous above, more or
less finely pubescent beneath; the flowers are in many-flowered cymes, greenish
yellow; the follicles are sub-woody and turgid.
Known as jivanti (or svarnajivantz) in Sanskrit literature, the name (jiv = life)
indicates that the plant is considered to have the ability to bestow health and
vigour. It is considered to be a rasayana and included among the 10 drugs
constituting the]ivaniya gana or 'vitalizing group.
Ayurvedic properties:
Rasa : Madhur (sweet)
Guna : Laghu (light), snigdha (unctuous)
Veerya : Shita (cold)
Vipaka : Madhur (sweet)
Dosha : Balances tridosha
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Role in Night Blindness:
Shaka (leafy Vegetables ) are beneficial in curing Night Blindness.
Jivanti Shaka along with other shaka prepared in ghrita is used for curing
Naktandhya (Night Blindness). (A.H.U.-13/88)
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Principal Constituents:
The plant contains a triterpenoid, leptadenol (C30H50O). It also contained
n-triacontane, cetyl alcohol, ß-sitosterol, ß-amyrin acetate, lupanol 3-O diglucoside
and leptidin1.
Other Chemicals:
1. Saponin 2. Flavonoid3.Luteolin 4.Diosmtin 5.Tannin
Leaves contain two resins but motanin and also a bitter neutral principle,
albuminous and colourising matter, Ca-oxalate, glucose, carbohydrate and same
tartaric acid. It also contains Gymnemic and which posses anti-saccharine
Property.
The plant is stimulant and restorative and shows anti-bacterial activity against
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Habitat:
Found in the sub-Himalayan tracts of Punjab and Uttar Pradesh and throughout the
Deccan peninsula up to an altitude of 900 m and found particularly in hedges. It is
also distributed throughout Mauritius, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, the Himalayas and
Burma.
Botanical description:
A twining shrub, with numerous branches, the stems of which have a cork-like,
deeply cracked bark, glabrous in the younger ones. Leaves coriaceous, ovate,
acute, glabrous above, finely pubescent below. Flowers greenish-yellow, in lateral
or subaxillary cymes, often with small hairs. Fruit follicles may be woody. The
external surface of the root is rough, white or buff coloured with longitudinal
ridges and furrows, and in transverse section, the wide cork, lignified stone cell
layers and medullary rays can be seen.' In commerce, the root samples vary from 3
to 10 cm in length and 1.5 to 5 cm in diameter.
Pharmacology:
A number of studies have been carried out on the galactagogue property of the
plant in laboratory animals. Studies on the lactogenic property of L.reticulata were
carried out on lactating rats using pup weight, body weight of mother rats, and
histopathological study of lactating mammary gland, as well as the secretory
rating, parenchyma percentage, estimation of glycogen content (of the abdominal
mammary glands) and the protein content (of the pectoral mammary glands) as
parameters. While both stigmasterol and the ether fraction of L.reticulata showed
lactogenic effect, as assessed by all these parameters, stigmasterol was found to be
more potent2.A herbal preparation with L.reticulata as one of the nine constituents
is said to exert beneficial effects on the gametogenic and androgenic functions of
the testes of animals. It showed anabolic cum androgen like activity as evidenced
by the dose related growth of the ventral prostate and the systemic increase in the
weights as well as the secretions of the accessory sex organs of castrated adult
mice.
Medicinal and pharmacological activities :
Antibacterial activity:
Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of L. reticulata roots showed antibacterial activity
against various pathogens including Streptococcus pyogenes var. a- and f3-
haemolyticus, Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi, S. schottmulleri and Escherichia coli.
Antifungal activity:
Activity was observed in the aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts of the leaf and
root of L. reticulata against Trichophyton rubrum. The alcoholic extract was the
more active.
Hypotensive activity:
An aqueous extract of L. reticulata showed potent and prolonged hypotensive
action in anaesthetised dogs, the initial hypotension followed by a complete
recovery and a secondary progressive hypotension. It did not possess
parasympathomimetic or adrenolytic actions but blocked pressor response to
nicotine.
Spasmogenic activity:
The alcoholic extract of L. reticulata showed spasmogenic action on isolated
guinea pig ileum and uterus.
Lactogenic activity:
Stigmasterol and the ether fraction of L. reticulata were tested on lactating rats.
Both showed lactogenic properties as assessed by parameters including pup
weights, body weight of mother rats, protein and glycogen contents of mammary
glands, photomicrographic studies and secretory rating of lactating mammary
glands.'° In another study L. reticulata powder was administered to goats, sheep,
cows and buffaloes to assess its lactogenic propertieso The powdered drug was
administered at a dose of 536 mg per day in goats and sheep, 1840 mg per day in
cows and buffaloes, and produced a significant galactopoietic response. No
significant changes were observed in the composition of milk or blood in goats.
The plant is stimulant and restorative and shows anti-bacterial activity against
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Parts used:
Leaf, root, whole plant.
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