Aleksandar Lazarevic III5

Nikola Tesla, biography

(Born July 9/10, 1856, Smil an, !roa"ia##$ya$% Jan% &, 19'(, Ne) *ork !i"y+ Serbian#,meri-an in.en"or an$ resear-her )ho $is-o.ere$ "he ro"a"ing magne"i- /iel$, "he basis o/ mos" al"erna"ing#-urren" ma-hinery% 0e emigra"e$ "o "he 1ni"e$ S"a"es in 188' an$ sol$ "he pa"en" righ"s "o his sys"em o/ al"erna"ing#-urren" $ynamos, "rans/ormers, an$ mo"ors "o 2eorge 3es"inghouse "he /ollo)ing year% 4n 1891 he in.en"e$ "he Tesla -oil, an in$u-"ion -oil )i$ely use$ in ra$io "e-hnology% Tesla )as /rom a /amily o/ Serbian origin% 0is /a"her )as an 5r"ho$o6 pries"7 his mo"her )as uns-hoole$ bu" highly in"elligen"% , $reamer )i"h a poe"i- "ou-h, as he ma"ure$ Tesla a$$e$ "o "hese earlier 8uali"ies "hose o/ sel/#$is-ipline an$ a $esire /or pre-ision% Training /or an engineering -areer, he a""en$e$ "he Te-hni-al 1ni.ersi"y a" 2ra9, ,us"ria, an$ "he 1ni.ersi"y o/ :rague% ," 2ra9 he /irs" sa) "he 2ramme $ynamo, )hi-h opera"e$ as a genera"or an$, )hen re.erse$, be-ame an ele-"ri- mo"or, an$ he -on-ei.e$ a )ay "o use al"erna"ing -urren" "o a$.an"age% ;a"er, a" Bu$apes", he .isuali9e$ "he prin-iple o/ "he ro"a"ing magne"i- /iel$ an$ $e.elope$ plans /or an in$u-"ion mo"or "ha" )oul$ be-ome his /irs" s"ep "o)ar$ "he su--ess/ul u"ili9a"ion o/ al"erna"ing -urren"% 4n 188< Tesla )en" "o )ork in :aris /or "he !on"inen"al =$ison !ompany, an$, )hile on assignmen" "o S"rassburg in 188(, he -ons"ru-"e$, in a/"er#)ork hours, his /irs" in$u-"ion mo"or% Tesla saile$ /or ,meri-a in 188', arri.ing in Ne) *ork, )i"h /our -en"s in his po-ke", a /e) o/ his o)n poems, an$ -al-ula"ions /or a /lying ma-hine% 0e /irs" /oun$ employmen" )i"h Thomas =$ison, bu" "he ")o in.en"ors )ere /ar apar" in ba-kgroun$ an$ me"ho$s, an$ "heir separa"ion )as ine.i"able% 4n >ay 1885, 2eorge 3es"inghouse, hea$ o/ "he 3es"inghouse =le-"ri!ompany in :i""sburgh, bough" "he pa"en" righ"s "o Tesla?s polyphase sys"em o/ al"erna"ing#-urren" $ynamos, "rans/ormers, an$ mo"ors% The "ransa-"ion pre-ipi"a"e$ a "i"ani- po)er s"ruggle be")een =$ison?s $ire-"#-urren" sys"ems an$ "he Tesla#3es"inghouse al"erna"ing#-urren" approa-h, )hi-h e.en"ually )on ou"%

Aleksandar Lazarevic III5

Tesla soon es"ablishe$ his o)n labora"ory, )here his in.en"i.e min$ -oul$ be gi.en /ree rein% 0e e6perimen"e$ )i"h sha$o)graphs similar "o "hose "ha" la"er )ere "o be use$ by 3ilhelm @An"gen )hen he $is-o.ere$ B#rays in 1895% Tesla?s -oun"less e6perimen"s in-lu$e$ )ork on a -arbon bu""on lamp, on "he po)er o/ ele-"ri-al resonan-e, an$ on .arious "ypes o/ ligh"ing% Tesla ga.e e6hibi"ions in his labora"ory in )hi-h he ligh"e$ lamps )i"hou" )ires by allo)ing ele-"ri-i"y "o /lo) "hrough his bo$y, "o allay /ears o/ al"erna"ing -urren"% 0e )as o/"en in.i"e$ "o le-"ure a" home an$ abroa$% The Tesla -oil, )hi-h he in.en"e$ in 1891, is )i$ely use$ "o$ay in ra$io an$ "ele.ision se"s an$ o"her ele-"roni- e8uipmen"% Tha" year also marke$ "he $a"e o/ Tesla?s 1ni"e$ S"a"es -i"i9enship% 3es"inghouse use$ Tesla?s sys"em "o ligh" "he 3orl$?s !olumbian =6posi"ion a" !hi-ago in 189(% 0is su--ess )as a /a-"or in )inning him "he -on"ra-" "o ins"all "he /irs" po)er ma-hinery a" Niagara Calls, )hi-h bore Tesla?s name an$ pa"en" numbers% The pro e-" -arrie$ po)er "o Bu//alo by 1896% 4n 1898 Tesla announ-e$ his in.en"ion o/ a "eleau"oma"i- boa" gui$e$ by remo"e -on"rol% 3hen skep"i-ism )as .oi-e$, Tesla pro.e$ his -laims /or i" be/ore a -ro)$ in >a$ison S8uare 2ar$en% 4n !olora$o Springs, !olo%, )here he s"aye$ /rom >ay 1899 un"il early 1900, Tesla ma$e )ha" he regar$e$ as his mos" impor"an" $is-o.ery## "erres"rial s"a"ionary )a.es% By "his $is-o.ery he pro.e$ "ha" "he =ar"h -oul$ be use$ as a -on$u-"or an$ )oul$ be as responsi.e as a "uning /ork "o ele-"ri-al .ibra"ions o/ a -er"ain /re8uen-y% 0e also ligh"e$ <00 lamps )i"hou" )ires /rom a $is"an-e o/ <5 miles ('0 kilome"res+ an$ -rea"e$ man#ma$e ligh"ning, pro$u-ing /lashes measuring 1(5 /ee" ('1 me"res+% ," one "ime he )as -er"ain he ha$ re-ei.e$ signals /rom ano"her plane" in his !olora$o labora"ory, a -laim "ha" )as me" )i"h $erision in some s-ien"i/i- ournals% @e"urning "o Ne) *ork in 1900, Tesla began -ons"ru-"ion on ;ong 4slan$ o/ a )ireless )orl$ broa$-as"ing "o)er, )i"h D150,000 -api"al /rom "he ,meri-an /inan-ier J% :ierpon" >organ% Tesla -laime$ he se-ure$ "he loan by assigning 51 per-en" o/ his pa"en" righ"s o/ "elephony an$ "elegraphy "o >organ% 0e e6pe-"e$ "o pro.i$e )orl$)i$e

Aleksandar Lazarevic III5

-ommuni-a"ion an$ "o /urnish /a-ili"ies /or sen$ing pi-"ures, messages, )ea"her )arnings, an$ s"o-k repor"s% The pro e-" )as aban$one$ be-ause o/ a /inan-ial pani-, labour "roubles, an$ >organ?s )i"h$ra)al o/ suppor"% 4" )as Tesla?s grea"es" $e/ea"% Tesla?s )ork "hen shi/"e$ "o "urbines an$ o"her pro e-"s% Be-ause o/ a la-k o/ /un$s, his i$eas remaine$ in his no"ebooks, )hi-h are s"ill e6amine$ by engineers /or une6ploi"e$ -lues% 4n 1915 he )as se.erely $isappoin"e$ )hen a repor" "ha" he an$ =$ison )ere "o share "he Nobel :ri9e pro.e$ erroneous% Tesla )as "he re-ipien" o/ "he =$ison >e$al in 191&, "he highes" honour "ha" "he ,meri-an 4ns"i"u"e o/ =le-"ri-al =ngineers -oul$ bes"o)% Tesla allo)e$ himsel/ only a /e) -lose /rien$s% ,mong "hem )ere "he )ri"ers @ober" 1n$er)oo$ Johnson, >ark T)ain, an$ Cran-is >arion !ra)/or$% 0e )as 8ui"e impra-"i-al in /inan-ial ma""ers an$ an e--en"ri-, $ri.en by -ompulsions an$ a progressi.e germ phobia% Bu" he ha$ a )ay o/ in"ui"i.ely sensing hi$$en s-ien"i/i- se-re"s an$ employing his in.en"i.e "alen" "o pro.e his hypo"heses% Tesla )as a go$sen$ "o repor"ers )ho sough" sensa"ional -opy bu" a problem "o e$i"ors )ho )ere un-er"ain ho) seriously his /u"uris"i- prophe-ies shoul$ be regar$e$% !aus"i- -ri"i-ism gree"e$ his spe-ula"ions -on-erning -ommuni-a"ion )i"h o"her plane"s, his asser"ions "ha" he -oul$ spli" "he =ar"h like an apple, an$ his -laim o/ ha.ing in.en"e$ a $ea"h ray -apable o/ $es"roying 10,000 airplanes a" a $is"an-e o/ <50 miles ('00 kilome"res+% ,/"er Tesla?s $ea"h "he -us"o$ian o/ alien proper"y impoun$e$ his "runks, )hi-h hel$ his papers, his $iplomas an$ o"her honours, his le""ers, an$ his labora"ory no"es% These )ere e.en"ually inheri"e$ by Tesla?s nephe), Sa.a Eosano.i-h, an$ la"er house$ in "he Nikola Tesla >useum in Belgra$e% 0un$re$s /ile$ in"o Ne) *ork !i"y?s !a"he$ral o/ S"% John "he Fi.ine /or his /uneral ser.i-es, an$ a /loo$ o/ messages a-kno)le$ge$ "he loss o/ a grea" genius% Three Nobel :ri9e re-ipien"s a$$resse$ "heir "ribu"e "o Gone o/ "he ou"s"an$ing in"elle-"s o/ "he )orl$ )ho pa.e$ "he )ay /or many o/ "he "e-hnologi-al $e.elopmen"s o/ mo$ern "imes%G (4%3%0%+
Skinuto sa: http://www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~bogdan/tesla/bio.htm