Introduction To Rescue Operations Incident Management Safety Considerations Situational Awareness Safety Factors and Forces ‘System Analysis, ‘Standards and Industry Ratings Equipment Ties: Knots, Bends and Hitches Belaying Techniques Load Releasing Hitch ‘Standard Climbing Signals Anchors Rappelling ‘Ascending Rescue Lowering Systems Edge Management Mechanical Advantage Knot Passing Technique Rescue Litters Litter Rigging and Transport Litter Raise/Lower Technique Low-Angle Litter Evacuation Stranded Patient Pick-Off Guiding Line Technique Table Of Contents EMS Considerations In The Technical Environment Night Rescue Operations Basic SAR Equipment Checklist Rocky Mountain Technical Rescue Pack Improvised Techniques Conversion References Standard Whistle Signals Bibliography Figure Eight Knots Hitches Yosemite Ascending System Mitchell Ascending System Lowering System- Rescue Load 2:1 Mechanical Advantage 3:1 Mechanical Advantage 4:1 Mechanical Advantage ILLUSTRATIONS. High Angle Raise/L ower Litter Rigging Elevated Attendant Position RFR Fixed Leg Litter Spider Litter Jigger System Closed Loop 3:1 Personal Jigger Vertical Litter- Edge Technique Yosemite Packaging Technique Pulley Systems T-Method for Pulley Systems Purcell Prisik System Command & Communication APPENDIX- Rigging for Rescue Notes 100 101 102 104 112 116 120PC eae Oe Gaeta: Pec eertCk or Te eeu ces ee eee eet eer aad instructions by itself. Technical rescue is inherently dangerous. Per- Ree Rta ue Rec utc kun ced el is Pecan tece Tenth Edition (Revised March 2005) Edited by Ken Phillips, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona Original illustrations by Ken Phillips copyrighted 1991, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2004 and 2005. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except by permission from the author. Cover Photograph: National Park Service rescuers Donna Sisson and Kelley Confer during litter raising at Canyonlands National Park, UT. Copyrighted images reprinted with permission. Photo contributions provided by: CMC Rescue, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA Cascade Toboggan & Rescue Equipment Company, Sandpoint, ID Conterra Technical Systems, Bellingham, WA Ferno-Washington, Inc., Wilmington, OH Junkin Safety Appliance Co., Louisville, KY Medical Devices International, Gumee, IL Petzl, Crolles- France Pigeon Mountain Industries (PMI), Inc., Lafayette, GA Skedco, Inc., Portland, OR Traverse Rescue, Kelowna, B.C. Additional copyrighted materials have been reproduced with the generous permission of Rigging For Rescue Inc., Ouray, CO.BASIC TECHNICAL RESCUE