Socrates

how we ought to live core that every moral theory should accept

Different cultures have different moral codes no such thing as universal truth in ethics, only various cultural codes Conclusion does not follow from the premise (earth is flat) All cultures have some values in common reminding us of the danger of assuming our preferences are based on a rational standard reminding us our moral view reflects the prejudice of our society good things minimum conception of morality

What is morality?

Guide one's conduct by reasonswhile giving equal weight to the interests of each individual who will be affected by one's conduct

Cultural Relativism

moral judgement must be backed by good reasons nature or morality requires the impartial consideration of each individual's interests

Our moral opinions are based on our feelings and nothing more

each person looks out for his own interests

Psychological Egoism
do what is best to promote the greatest amount of happiness for all those affected Rule and act utilitarianism morality consists in the rules for social living the state enforces important rules

Elements of Moral Philosophy

Ethical Subjectivism

Evolution

Simple Subjectivism Emotivism

Ethical sentences are statements of fact

ethical sentence is an expression of attitude

Utilitarian Approach Ethical Egoism Social Contract

each person ought to pursue his own self-interest exclusively

universal law

Kant and moral requirements

Categorical imperative

trait of character manifested in habitual action, that is good for a people to have

Virtue Satisfactory Moral Theory

Elements of Moral Philosphy.mmap - 1/3/2007 -