Hoa Ðàm, số đặc biệt mừng Xuân Giáp Ngọ 2014

hoam
TH SU, 31 thng 1, 2014 WWW.HOADAMNEWS.COM B mi 2014. S 12
o pht vi tui tr. Tranh mu nc ca Ha s NGUYN TH HP
TRAO CHO THI I MT NI DUNG PHT CHT

N BN C BIT
MNG XUN GIP NG
2014
HY TRAO CHO THI I Hunh i Tng, tr.2 l XUN DI LC Trnh Gia M, tr.3 l CHN Y C N CI Trnh Thanh Thy, tr.4 l PHT T VIT NAM, HAI YU TNH, MT CUC I Hunh Kim Quang, tr.5 l TNG THN TRN MNG, TI SAO KHNG? Lng Mai, tr5 l TRAO CHO THI I MT NI DUNG PHT CHT Thch c Nhun, tr.6 l O BT TRONG DN GIAN Ng Nhn Dng, tr.8 l TT LITTLE SAIGON: NGI TR HO HC, NGI LN S S Ngc Lan, tr.10 l PHT T TRONG MT TI Thin An, tr.12 l HOA XUN Vnh Ho, tr. 23 l MI INH NGI NG NT XUNG TI I Du T L, tr.14 l AI EM QUN TR M NGN NO V Lu Tng Quang, tr.16 l HY VUI LNG LIU LIU GIP CHO NHAU Uyn Nguyn, tr.21 l GII M NHNG B MT CA THIN NH H Trung T, tr.22 l TUYT MNG / CUI NM Nguyn Tn C, tr.24 l TRONG NGY GIP TT Vn Cng M, tr24 l BC CHN KHNG BIT TH Trnh Thanh Thy, tr.25 l CHUYN
HY TRAO CHO THI I

HUNH I TNG
MT CN / HIU / I MY NH / HI NG V U? Ng Tnh Yn, tr.25 l NGY XUN C LI X TRM HNG CA QUCH TN Nguyn Man Nhin, tr.26 l V QU N TT V Ngn Sng, tr.28 l TT MIN TY Nguyn nh Bn, tr.30 l UI BT MT MI HNG Phan Tn Hi, tr.31 l MT ON TH XUI TRCH T 1990 L Bi, tr.32 l H NI, NHNG NGY GIO TT Kao Nguyn, tr.33 l BUDDHIST REVELATIONS FOR THE MODERN WORLD Duc Nhun, tr.34 l BO TT V VN HA TT Nguyn Hng Quc, tr.40 l VI DNG NGA TRONG NN M THUT C TRUYN VIT NAM Hunh Hu y, tr.42 l DNG NGA QUA IU KHC CA NGUYN VIT THNG Nguyn Vit Thng, tr.46 l SA SANG Hong Long, tr.49 SANG MA Trnh Gia M, tr.52 l MI EM NGI XUNG Trn Vn L, tr.53
l
rong s ch Tng cha Gic Minh Sign, ti c hn hnh c bit hu ht cc Ngi t ngi Thanh Thi, c Nhun, Thanh Kim, Qung , Thanh Ct, Chnh Tin, Lng, Bnh Minh n s cc bc Thanh m, Tr Hin cho n ch Cao. V bn s ca ti l Ha Thng Thch Thanh Thnh, ngi cng cha ny v nht l ti i sinh hot GPT Gic Minh hng tun y, khong by, tm nm. V tu tp th ti c hc vi ngi Bnh Minh, ri sau ny vi ngi Qung , ngi l Ging s ca Trng o to Huynh Trng do ti ph trch iu hnh. V lin h vi Ban tr s Gio Hi Tng Gi Bc Vit ti Min Nam, ti thng phi lin h vi ngi Thanh Ct hay Chnh Tin. V kinh sch, ti c lin h vi ngi Thanh Kim, c Nhun. Nm 1962, Ngi Tm Gic v Thanh Kim du hc t Nht v, sau ngi Thanh Kim in Lich s Pht Gio n , ri Lch s Pht Gio Trung Hoa, ngi nh ti trnh by ba cho 2 tp sch ny. C l do nm 1959, ti ch trng c San Dng cho on Thiu Nin GPT Gic Minh, ti nh ha s Phm Thng trnh by cho ti ci ba, em n nh in Cao m gn ng su Sign, in offset hai mu, rt trang nh. C l v vy m ngi Thanh Kim nh ti trnh by gip ba hai quyn sch, ti li phi nh ha s Phm Thng, lc ti tr nh anh i hc.
TN GIO L TM LNG NHN
I V THA on Thanh Lim, tr.57 l XUN MA TUYT TRN SIERRA Tm Thng nh, tr.63 l CHNG NG / NHN DY TH L TRN / GING NON / THNG GING HI LC Nguyn Lm Thng, tr.64 l MT HM NGA H CHY KHAN MT TRI Uyn Nguyn, tr.66 l NH NH RNG MAI L Giang Trn, tr.66
Tuyn tp Hoa m Xun Gip Ng, c bit s dng mt s tranh minh ha ca c ha s T Tnh Nguyn Nht Tn (1926 2002), nh mt cch by t s trn trng ti hoa v tng nim Ngi li hn qu qua nt v
Hnh: PHC TRUNG HUNH I TNG
Ngi Thanh Kim gi mt bn tho tiu thuyt ca ti, t khi tun san uc Tu do ngi ch trng, tc gi phng s Ti ko xe, nh vn Tam Lang lm Th k ta son, pht hnh nm 1964, 1965 mi n khong nm 1980, ngi Thanh Kim mi tr li ti tp bn tho, s phn bn tho y l k, ngi gi n qua cn phong ba bo tp ca phong tro qut sch vn ha i try, bn tho tr v vi ti, khi gi yn sng lng th n li b vng tm mt tch. Trc 1975, t hc ng cho n x hi ang ph bin, du nhp vo Vit Nam cc trit thuyt Ty phng, nht l trit hc hin sinh ng thi, cho nn vo thp nin 1960, ngi c Nhun ch trng nh xut bn Vn Hnh, ngi vit v pht hnh Chuyn hin o Pht vo thi i, ri tip theo Trao cho thi i mt ni dung Pht cht, trong khi ngi Nht Hnh vit Hin i ha o Pht. V kinh sch ca ngi c Nhun, trn my k sch trong nh, ti c c nm, ba quyn, trong c quyn Pht Hc Tinh Hoa v quyn th Sng mt nim tin, c bt tch ngi k tng ti, mt quyn khi ti n thm ngi, cn quyn kia t bn nh, ngi nh ngi mang sang gi tng ti, c vi quyn sch khc na, nhng quyn sch ti mun tm c li khng thy c. l quyn Trao cho thi i mt ni dung Pht cht. nh phi ln mng tm c, v ti khng thch c trn my vi tnh. C th tm tc hai im chnh yu ngi c Nhun cp n trong sch: Mt l dng Tam php n, c nhn thc v tinh yu ca o Pht: - Ch hnh v thng. - Ch php v ng. - Nit bn tch tnh. Hai l t c cu cnh ca o Pht l gii thot, nht thit phi thc hnh Bt chnh o: - Chnh kin. - Chnh t duy. - Chnh ng. - Chnh nghip. - Chnh mng. - Chnh tinh tn. - Chnh nim. - Chnh nh. Trao cho thi i mt ni dung Pht cht, c ngh l chng ta em n cho x hi mt nhn thc ng ca kip nhn sinh ny. Th gii m chng ta ang hin hu, x hi m chng ta c mt, khng phi ch l sinh tn, uy quyn, hng th vt cht. Bi v mi s mi vt khng c thng hng, n lun lun bin chuyn, ch c s tch tnh mi min vin an lc. Mun t c s an lc y, ngi ta phi tu tp theo tm con ng chnh l thy bit chn chnh, suy ngh chn chnh, ni li chn chnh, hnh ngh chn chnh, i sng chn chnh, lun lun tin ln theo ng chn chnh, tng nh chn chnh v nh tm trong chn chnh.
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Th Php ca THIN S NHT HNH
Nhm Kt Tp HOA M Lin lc: NGUYN VIT 9741 Bolsa Ave Suite: 216 Westminster, California 92683 714.765.9844 Mi kin xy dng, ng gp bi v, xin gi v a ch: hoadamnewsletter@yahoo.com
XUN DI LC
TRNH GIA M
t, mi ngi thng dnh nhng li tht p chc nhau, thng dnh nhng khun mt ti vui khi gp nhau, thng to nhng n ci sng khoi dnh cho nhau nh mt khi u tt p cho mt nm mi trn vn may mn, nh cho ngi v mnh. Tt, mi vt chuyn mnh. Cy l m chi ny n. Mun hoa n r, rc r. Lng ngi t dng cng cm thy lng lng theo ci nhp chuyn mnh ca to ha. Bt uci bt u no cng p, cng trn trng,
cng c lm bng s ch tuyt i. Nh trang giy trng tinh ang ch ngi bt t xung, vit hng ch u tin khai m cho hng hng nhng trang ch ni tip theo sau. Nh lng ngi mnh mng, ang m ra dng hin mi iu cao p nht cho ngi, cho i. Tt, nhng ngy khi u ca ma xun. Vn vt mi tinh. Mi vic mi tinh. Lng ngi mi tinhGp nhau, ci bng mi, ci bng mt. Ni vi nhau nhng li cao p, chn tnh t y lng, khng ngh ngi g khc.
Tt, bt tay nhau nng nn, nghe lung mu ca nhp p m p t bung tim bn truyn sang, cht nghe tim mnh cng p cng nhp nh tim bn, v cng p cng nhp nh nhp tim ca v tr, ca vn loi. Tt, mong ngi c mi iu tt p. Mong ngi c mi duyn may. Vui bit my. Tt, gp nhau, nhn bn vui ti, nhn bn chn tht, nhn bn gn gi, nhn bn thng yu Hnh phc bit bao! Tt, trong ci nhn uyn nguyn trong sut pha l.
Ci nhn chn nht khng g pha trn. Ci nhn duy ch l ci nhn, khng g khc. Ci nhn t vn vt n mun ngi, rc r, mi tinh, trn y sc sng, nguyn vn tin yu. Tt, khi u cho ma xun, vi ci nhn trn vn nh th, ngay y, by gi. L ci nhn mang n cho chng ta ma xun, Xun Di Lc. January 25, 2014
Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org
i khi ngh ti, nhc n, gh thm chn y, lng ti li m ln, nh nhng v thanh thn hn. Ngh ti, lm ti thy trc mt mnh hin hin ln lt nhng n ci an nhin n trong gi sinh hot, trong gi ht ca, gi thin hnh. Nhc n, ti nghe gi ni lt nh qua vng trn, my trng ging ging trn u v mi sage di thm phng pht lan vo khng gian nhng bi da gai ni chn ni. Gh thm, ti thm c nng lc bc nhng bc vng chi trn i sng mnh m trc kia ti tng ngh mnh s b cuc. Chn y l mt ni rt quen thuc, nhng mi ln gh ti li pht gic ra n mi. Mi trong mt v p xa ca mt tng c th. L nt cng ci dng cm ca nhng khi ni. Th v trong v nhu m ng ca con sui bng ngang. Ti cng c th gp g nhiu
ngi tt v xu nhng u mang nhng u v khuyt im nh nhau. Ni , ti khng thy s lc lng b v. Ni ngi xung, ti thy an tm v d chu. Ni ng ln, ti c th tip nhn li khen bng lng thanh thn, nh nhng m ci ng thi l lng trn my. Nghe ting ch, ti c th mm mt n ci du nh, khng lao xao, khng phn ng. Ti c hc nhng phng php nh gc s s hi, ti c yu thng em thng yu mnh san s vi mi ngi. Ti tp tin tng xo i nghi ngi by lu dy y thnh tng, thnh vch, ni van tim. Ti cm, ti thng, ti ho mnh, ti em hn mnh da nng m vo chn y. Chn y l mt t im ho tan, khng phn bit ngn ng, gii tnh, mu da. Nhng ngy ma ng, c cc khun mt rm nng trn mu da vng xp np du chn chim ui mt lng ngm vng thi dng
ln. Nhng bui ma thu, nhng mi tc vng, vng trn phng da trng rc r trong nt mi cao thong th chy b ln xung vi con dc mi. Nhng m ma h, ging ht chi vi ca nhiu ngn ng nghe xn xao trong gi v ln la m bng sng trong khu cm tri. Nhng tra ma xun, ting ci tr th n a tu tt trong manh o mi, phong bao , v cc ming mt ngt ngo. V c bn ma vn vt chan ho m ba t i ca ting i hng chung. Chn y c nhng con ng v nhng khong lng. Nhng con ng m cc chic nn l xinh xn m ch th, mang tn hiu ca mt n ci mm i lng thng hnh thin trong im ng bui ban mai hng. N c nhiu mu o nu thanh thn vi cnh tay rng m, vi nh mt long lanh sng. N mang nhiu ting tim p nhp nhng trong hin ti, trong bnh an. N khng c hoa hng, hoa tu-lp, hoa cm chng
rc r nhng thong man mc hng hoa tm, hoa sage, hoa cc n. V nhng khong lng, khng tranh ua, ph phn, t him c gi ghm trong nhng tm khn vung, manh o m n s, i dp nha bnh d, i guc mc thanh thot. Nhng khong lng khng hoang mang, thao thc, n , ti m, m mt ca v minh. Chn s sng c mt v ngha hn bao gi ht. Ch i, ngy mai i cng em, chng ta cng n chn y nh. TRNH THANH THY
CHN Y C N CI
4
PHT T VIT NAM:

HAI YU TNH, MT CUC I
HUNH KIM QUANG
T V Quyn Dn S v Chnh Tr ca Lin Hip Quc gi l dn quyn, l quyn li m mt ngi dn phi c v phi c nh nc bo v. l quyn sng v lm vic hp php trong mt quc gia, l quyn t do t tng, t do pht biu, t do tn gio, t do hi hp, v t do sinh hot chnh tr. Bn phn ca mt cng dn nc Vit l lm mt ngi dn tt. Khi nim ny c v rt m h v ngi ta c th din gii theo nhiu cch ty tm nhn v th ng, nht l i vi cc c ch chnh tr iu hnh t nc. Th no l ngi cng dn tt? Chng ta c th hiu ngha mt ngi cng dn tt, trong quan im lch s chung ca dn tc tri di t my ngn nm qua, m khng ng trn mt th ch chnh tr, mt ch ngha, mt h thng l thuyt, hay mt thc h no c bit, gm hai yu t: Tt i vi t thn, v tt i vi t nc v dn tc. Tt i vi t thn l g? L mt ngi sng o c, bit lm lnh lnh
C Ha thng THCH C NHUN
tip theo trang 2
Ai cng bit rng ni th rt d, nhng lm cho c tht l khng phi d. Tuy nhin, nh ch T dy: Tu l n tht, ni tht lm tht. Bi v nhng thy bit, suy t, tng nh v nh tm, nhng th khng ai thy c, ngi ta ch nghe qua li ni, thy qua hnh ng, ngh nghip v i sng hng ngy ca hnh gi. Cho nn mun TRAO CHO X HI MT NI DUNG PHT CHT, chng nhng ch li ni, nhng bi vit, m ngi Pht t chng ta cn phi chng t qua i sng tht, t li ni cho n vic lm, nu tm gng tt t trong gia nh ra n ngoi x hi. Mt bi vit hay, mt cu chuyn ni hay lm cho ngi ta thch c, thch nghe nhng tc gi khng sng tht nh bi vit, nh cu chuyn ni s kh thuyt phc ngi khc lm theo, thng th ngc li. Thi i ca nhng nm 1960, khc xa vi thi i hin nay. X hi Vit Nam ngy nay nhiu nhng gp nhiu ln x hi trc kia, mc d c nhiu cha, cha to, tng Pht ln, nhng bc chn tu kh tm. Pht t n cha tu Phc nhiu hn tu hu. o Pht khng phi nhm mc ch ct cha to, t tng ln. ch l hnh tng, l ch hnh v thng, ch php v ng. dt khot chng phi l Nit bn tch tnh nh li Pht dy. Lou. 15-1-2014 HUNH I TNG
rc khi Pht Gio truyn vo Vit Nam trong khong mt hoc hai th k trc Ty Lch, trn mnh t nm pha ng nam ca Chu trng ra Bin Thi Bnh bao la ny c mt dn tc Lc Hng hin hu. Nh th ni theo ngn ng khoa hc, trong dng mu ca ngi Pht t Vit Nam c hai nhim sc th: Ngi Vit Nam v ngi Pht t. Trn danh ngha l hai yu tnh, nhng thc t ch l cuc sng ca mt ngi, mt ngi Pht t Vit Nam. Vy th mt ngi Pht t Vit Nam (xut gia tu s v ti gia c s) ng x nh th no trong t cch v vai tr mt ngi Pht t l cng dn nc Vit? tr li cu hi ny, chng ta khng th khng bit n quyn v bn phn ca mt cng dn v hnh nguyn ca mt Pht t. Thc th cng dn lun gn lin vi thc th quc gia. Cng dn lun c hai yu tnh: quyn v trch nhim ca mt con ngi sng trong mt quc gia. Quyn cng dn m Cng c Quc
d, bit nhn qu nghip bo, bit nhn ngha l tr tn, c lng nhn i, lm trn trng trch i vi gia nh v chng con ci, khng lm ra nhng iu sai tri, ti li gy phng hi n bn thn, gia nh v x hi. Tt i vi t nc l sao? L bit em ti c ca c nhn ng gp vo cng cuc xy dng v pht trin con ngi v x hi, v bit tn sc bo v nn o c v vn ha truyn thng ca dn tc, cng nh bit hy sinh gi gn bin cng lnh th m bao i tin nhn dy cng kin to. Mi ngi dn l thnh t c bn hnh thnh cng ng dn tc, ging nh tng vin gch trong mt ngi nh. Mi ngi phi l mt cng dn tt ngay chnh trong t thn h th dn tc mi pht trin bn vng, ging nh mi vin gch phi l tng vin gch nung chin bn chc th c ca ngi nh mi tn ti lu di. Tng c nhn tt th cng ng x hi v dn tc s tt. Tng c nhn xu th cng ng
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TNG THN TRN MNG, TI SAO KHNG?

LNG MAI
BBT chuyn dch t nguyn bn ting Anh Together Online ghi li chia s ca Thu C (Chn Tr Lc) v Alipasha Razzghipour (Chn Lu Lng) do Mindfulness Bell thc hin, s ra ng Xun 2013. BBT t ta bng ting Vit vi mong c rng chia s ny s em hng khi n cho cc bn tr tm cho mnh mt tng thn cng thc tp. Nu ti a phng ca bn khng c tng thn gp mt, bn c th ln mng
cng tu vi nhng ngi bn khp mi ni, nhng ngi c chung nhu yu thc tp vi tng thn. Hay hn na, bn c th thnh lp mt tng thn mng mi nhng ngi khc cng tu chung vi mnh. Mong lm thay. Chc bn may mn. BBT
hy: Con ny ra xy dng mt tng thn trn mng khi con n Lng Mai hi thng T nm 2011. Con may mn c c 1 ting ri tham vn vi
thy Php ng trong thi gian con ti Xm Thng. Con chia s vi thy v vic xy dng tng thn, v nhng vn m tng thn chng con ang gp phi, v v vic lm sao mnh c th ym tr nhng ngi khng n thc tp c vi tng thn v ng x xa xi hoc v hon cnh gia nh. Thy Php ng gi con s dng mng li Internet em tng thn n vi ngi khc,
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THCH C NHUN
ng gia giai on x hi chuyn tip con ngi hm nay v ang nm tri mi th thch c lit do cc thc h bo hnh gy ra; cng c vng vy, con ngi cng cm thy bt lc, sa ly thm su trong tnh trng mt hng, mt t tn. Nhng vt tn ph ca x hi ang hn ln nt mt lo u ca mi ngi; ang tun chy vo tm t th h hai mi nhng vt en di bng hoi, hp thnh ting ku cu, trng ch ni nhng ngi tr thc sm a th cuc ra khi ng ti lch s. a li cho i nh sng, gy tin tng cho mi ngi cng chung xy x hi, iu cn l: n nh nhn thc con ngi b cc nh s quan cn th lm lc hng; khin con ngi hng hi tn st nhau, v lun lun ngh rng mnh i ng ng lch s; thc h s dn ti hnh phc, ti
chn l cuc i. Trng hung au thng ny cn c li vo vic xy cao thm a v cho mt s lnh o nh nc, tiu xi mu ngi trong nhng v tranh ginh nh hng, mu li c nhn, on th, giai cp, chng tc na. Ngy no nhn loi cha gic ng trt b c tham vng m lm th ngy thn phn con ngi cn bi t, x hi cn bt cng, lch s cn lc hng. Cha lc no bng lc ny, danh t gic ng ca o Pht c con ngi a dng. Cha lc no bng lc ny, ngha s gic ng cn c lm sng t. V con ngi lm dng t gic ng mt cch qu thng, qu ba bi: - Gic ng quyn li c nhn - Gic ng quyn li giai cp - Gic ng quyn li dn tc
V cn nhiu th gic ng ...khc na; m chng ai thc s gic ng thn phn, mi tng quan gia mnh vi i v nhim v ca mnh i vi mnh, i vi x hi, i vi vn hu c. C chng ch l s gic ng trong li ni, trn sch bo. Cn thc chng gic ng th qu l cha. Vn c chp cht ly quyn li, a v, danh vng thin cn ca mnh. Mun gii thot cho i khi kh i lm than, trc ht hy t gii thot cho mnh khi vng thnh kin, li danh . M mun thc s gii thot cho mnh trn vn th khng th khng ngh ti v thc thi vic gii thot cho i; v mnh v i gn lin vi nhau nh hnh vi bng. Khng phng tm vn ti gii thot i, th cng vic gii thot mnh ch mi tin hnh c mt na, nu khng mun ni l cha c chi c. Ch
bit mnh tc l cn chp cht trong lp v cng c nhn, v trch nhim, b lng, bung tri, trc s bo lon ca i. Thi khng phi l thi ca ngi gic ng. Ngi gic ng chn chnh l ngi thu hiu tt c, lm tt c, vi mt t tm, minh tr; khng mu li danh, khng cu tha ch, m ch lm vi mt tm nguyn, tn dng kh nng gp phn thng ha con ngi, thm t cuc i, tt c chng sinh iu kin t chng ly ngha v cnh tnh gii thot sinh khng ca mnh. Cuc i ca c Nh Lai thc chng iu y. L Pht t, nhng ngi may mn c tha k c sng, tr tu ca c Pht, chng ta khng th lm ng trc nhng kh au ca x hi. Chng ta cn Trao cho thi i mt ni dung Pht cht, mt ni dung T bi, tr tu, bnh ng, v tha con ngi
nng vo n nh tm t, n nh cuc sng v cng xy dng mt x hi vui m. Lch s nhn loi ang tin vo th tng hp ln. Mi vn chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha u ang vn khi phm vi quc gia, chng tc ti lnh vc quc t nhn loi. Con ngi ngy nay cn phi c mt nhn thc tng hp hng gt b mi thnh kin tn gio, chng tc, giai cp xy dng mt x hi trong : t do vn tn ti trong cng l; cng l khng nhm tiu dit t do c nhn, m chnh l bo v mi t do ca con ngi, t do t tng, t do la chn, t do xy dng cuc sng, v t do sng to. Nhng, nh vy, khng c ngha l t do qu trn, t do v trch nhim, m chnh l phi thc c quyn t do , phi c trch nhim v mi hot ng ca
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O BT TRONG DN GIAN
K
hi o Pht pht trin ti Giao Chu, c nhng quan cai tr ngi Hn t ra bit ha ng, h s dng ngay cc nghi thc tn giao a phng t tng thm uy tn. Hn S k S Nhip khi ra ng c cc cc v s ngi Trung hoc n cm bnh hng khi cng i thnh on. Hnh nh quan th s lm nh vy trc cng chng b cc s gia bn Tu ch ci, cho rng ng ta hc theo phong tc man di. Li ph phn cho thy trong ba th k u Cng Nguyn nhiu ngi c hc bn Tu vn nhn Pht gio nh mt tn ngng hng thp, hnh thc l nghi xa l, ch ng cho cc nhm dn cha khai ha tin theo. Trong thi Bc thuc, ngi Vit khng ni ln chng li cc quan cai tr ngi Hn v l do tn ngng, nh i Nh Lan, Ba Lan, hoc Kosovo, Nam Sudan, nhng ni tn gio l nguyn nhn mnh nht thc y phong dn tc. Dn i Nh Lan c th b i x bt cng v Anh hong ng u Anh Quc Gio, chng Gio Hi La M. Ngi Ba Lan theo Cng Gio cng c th b ngi c theo o Tin Lnh hoc Gio Hi Chnh Thng ca ngi Nga ln p. Ti Vit Nam, khng ai ni cc quan th s hay thi th ngn cm cc tn ngng ca dn bn x. Ngi Vit khng b p b nim tin c ca h th cc thn thnh ca ngi Trung Hoa. Tuy khng phi l nguyn nhn thc y dn Vit ni ln nhng tn ngng to thm nhng mi dy ni kt dn Vit, quan trng khng km cc yu t chng tc v ngn ng. Gio l o Pht c th gip ngi Vit cm thy h vn minh; t ho rng cc quy tc o l mnh ang sng cng tt p, v cao siu hn lun l Khng Mnh m cc ng quan nh Hn, nh Ng mun truyn b. Trong i sng x hi, nh sinh hot Pht Gio m nhiu ngi Vit c hc, c bit ch; mt s ngi c dp tp nhng thi quen t chc, lnh o v ch huy. H s c kh nng cm u cc cuc khi ngha t mi lng xm, mi ngi cha, nhiu ngi c ti nng ni bt sau lm c vn cho cc v vua thi mi lp quc. Pht gio c truyn vo nc ta rt sm, nh nhng truyn c tch Ch ng T, An Tim cho thy. S tch Mt M Trm Con chc c cc thng gia v tng s n k cho ngi Vit nghe, ri lan truyn rng ri trong dn gian, dn dn c ch bin, thnh cu chuyn v ngun gc triu i Hng Vng. Nhiu sc dn vng ng Nam cng lu truyn nhng truyn M Trm Con nh vy, cho thy cng thi gian nh hng ca vn minh n su m khp vng ny. Pht Gio c truyn trc tip t n qua cc nc Trung vo min Bc Trung Quc, trn con ng sau ny pht trin nh ngh bun t la. Trong cc thi k Trung Quc chia ra hai min Nam Bc, cc vng triu pha Bc gm cc ging dn Trung ti, cng truyn b o Pht chng t h c trnh vn minh ngang hng ngi Trung Hoa; khi cn so snh vi cc triu nh pha Nam. Nhng min Nam Trung Quc cng tip nhn o Pht theo ng bin qua ng Vit Nam. Vo th k th ba thi Tam Quc, vng Giang T ca nc Ng, Pht gio vn cha thnh hnh trong khi pht trin mnh ti Vit Nam. Luy Lu, thuc tnh Bc Ninh by gi, c coi l mt trung tm Pht gio ng c ngang vi Bnh Thnh, Lc Dng bn Tu trong cng thi gian . S Trung Hoa ghi rng ti Luy Lu c vi chc ngi cha, tng s nm trm v, dch 15 quyn kinh. Thin s Khng Tng Hi dch Lc Tp Kinh trc khi ln ng sang ng Ng ging dy. V tng gc ngi nc Khng ny sinh Vit Nam, thn ph ngi Khng t n di c sang sng min sng Ci. Pht gio nc ta lc ban u chc chn tip xc trc tip vi n , vi cc tng s mang tn n nh Maha Jivaka (Ma Ha K Vc) n nc ta vo th k th 2. Khi ngi Hn sang cai tr th Pht Gio ph bin nc ta, nh hng c trong tn ngng dn gian ln trong sinh hot tr thc, t tng.
NG NHN DNG Trch NG VNG NGN NM Ngi Vit xut bn, 2013
NG BT
Danh hiu Pht Thch Ca gc l ch Hn. Ngi Trung Hoa phin m th h c gn ging m ch Phn; khi ngi Vit c cc cc ch Hn th m li khc. Trc khi nghe nhng ch Hn ny, ngi Vit hc o Pht qua cc v s hay gio s B La Mn ri. H phin m trc tip danh hiu Buddha t ting Pali hay Sanskrit. Trong danh xng Buddha, gc chnh l ng t Budd, ngha l gic ng; ngi Vit c l Bt. ng Bt l hnh nh a phng ha ca Buddha, bin ng thnh mt nhn vt sng gia lng xm vi ngi Lc Vit. Ngi Vit ni Ca Bt mt mt n mi; hoc Gn cha gi Bt bng anh. Khng ai dm Gi Pht bng anh. Pht mt danh hiu vit trong sch; nghim trang, knh cn. Danh hiu ny c dng tr hn, sau khi c kinh sch vit bng ch Hn. ng Bt l mt nhn vt rt gn gi vi ngi dn t lu i. Tn gi thn mt ny khc vi danh hiu c Pht trong kinh ch Hn, nghe trang trng, uy nghim nhng xa cch hn. Trong cc chuyn c tch nh chuyn Tm Cm, mi ln c Tm gp kh khn li thy ng Bt hin ra gip. Trong nhng cu ht bnh dn, hnh nh ng Bt xut hin rt thn mt, c khi cn xung x. Tha nh ti vn nghe cu ht ru con: Ci Bng i ch Cu Cn Thy ba ng Bt ang vn ni cm. ng th si si m m ng th h ni cm cha vn. Ngi ta
bin Pht thnh mt b ba, ging nh ba ng Rau, tc ng To, lm dng c bc ni thi cm! ng t Vn ngha l xoay ni cm nhiu ln cho sc nng c ta u, vo thi dn ta cn nu cm bng rm hay ci. Bi ca dao ny c th c t ra khuyn ngi nu cm phi vn ni cm cho k, cho cm chn u trc khi si cm! Tha b chng ta thng nghe bi ca dao ny song song vi mt bi ht ru khc, cng k chuyn bp nc: Ci Bng i ch Cu Canh Ci Tm i trc c hnh i sau; Con cua lch bch theo hu Ci chy ri xung v u con cua. Trong u c a tr th, hai bi ht ru l nhng sch dy nu n truyn khu. Cc nhn vt ng Bt, ci Bng, con tm, c hnh, xut hin bn cnh nhau, trong cuc sng nng thn tt c cc chng sinh u bnh ng nh vy! iu c bit l khi ht ru con ngi ta khng c cm tng ng Bt ny l ngi ngoi quc. ng gn gi, thn mt qu, nh vn ngi vn ni cm bn gc tre bn ch, u lng. Vi mt tn ngng c dn gian ha t hai ngn nm trc, dn Lc Vit c thm mt vn ling tinh thn da vo. Tn gio mi li thm nhng nghi thc l lc, ma chay, cng tun, sc vng. Khi thc hnh, tn ngng ni kt mi ngi vo trong cng mt ci thing ling, lm giu cho cuc sng, gi l vn ha. Ngi Lc Vit c trang b sn sng nn tng o l v cc l lc nh vy, trc khi c thy nhng khun php, l nghi do cc quan cai tr t phng
Bc em vo. Nh vn ling tinh thn ny, dn Lc Vit c th i din vi nn vn minh Hoa H m khng s. Khi tip nhn vn minh Hn tc, ngi Vit vn t tin, gi c cch nhn i chiu, ph phn, khng chu hc theo mt cch m qung. i vi ngi dn bnh thng th trong lc h ang b p bc, b khinh r, o Bt gip h c ch da vo. y l mt tn ngng su xa, y quyn php; nh th h thy mnh khng thua km g cc quan cai tr v m qun lnh ca h. Tn gio gip tinh thn phn khng mnh hn; sinh hot tn gio cn trang b ngi dn vi nhng mng li x hi tng sc mnh ca cuc khng lu di. Chng ta phi t hi trong cc cuc khi ngha i c lp sut mt ngn nm lm cch no ngi Vit c th lin lc, thng
tin, vn ng v t chc vi nhau? Dn Vit sch ng, tuyn truyn, t hp, thnh lp cc o qun khi ngha nh th no? Nhng ngi m mu ni dy chc phi dng n miu, cha chin lm ni gp g, hi hp. Trong x hi thi xa, chc ch ni n cha v cc dp cng t mi to c hi v a im cho ngi dn t hp, ni chuyn vi nhau thng xuyn. Cc ngi cha tr thnh nhng trung tm thng tin. n cha cn l mng li truyn tng cc thn thoi, c tch, vn ling tinh thn ca dn tc. Cun Lnh Nam Chch Qui ca Trn Th Php xut hin vo cui th k 15 l sch vit u tin ca ngi Vit Nam thut li cc truyn c tch, k t thi Hng Bng, cch vi ngn nm trc. C nhng chuyn thn thnh nh Ph ng Thin Vng, Thn Ni
Tn Vin, Sn Tinh Thy Tinh; c nhng chuyn hon ton dn gian nh Tru Cau, Bnh dy bnh chng. Nhiu vin quan cai tr i Tam Quc, i ng cng ghi li nhng truyn c dn gian ca nc ta m h c nghe k li. Chc hn nhng truyn ny c k nhiu i trc khi cc vin quan li ti; v ph bin rng ri, nh hng su m trong dn n mc cc quan phi su tm v ghi chp lm ti liu. Nhng trong mt ngn nm Bc thuc, ngi Vit truyn tng cc huyn thoi v c tch nh th no? Vic truyn tng khng t on sut ngn nm nn ti i cc ng Tit Tng hay Cao Bin h cn c nghe, h ghi chp, sau ny Trn Th Php gom li. H thng vn chng truyn khu no chuyn ch kho tng cc truyn c tch ? C l a im
tin nht nghe cc cu chuyn c l trong cc gia nh. Nhng khng phi gia nh no cng t nng cng vic nh v k cc cu chuyn c. Trung tm tng tr v ph bin chuyn c ti mi xm lng chc l cc n, cc cha. Nhng ni mi c nhng ngi va thi gi va trnh hiu bit nghe, nh, t im, ri k li cho ngi khc nghe. Nhng ngi trng coi cc n, cha cng thy ch li cho chnh h khi ng vai tr thng tin, qung b ny. Nu h bit nhiu chuyn v bit k cho hay, th n, cha s thu ht c nhiu ngi ti nghe hn. Cha tr thnh mt vn kh gi gn cc truyn c tch, cc huyn thoi dng nc, s tch cc v anh hng, lit n. Khi k chuyn, th no ngi ta cng sng to thm, i ny qua i khc, cc v anh hng c th nh thn thnh.
Mt v tng ca Hai B Trng vo cha l Bt Nn Phu Nhn, i sau vn cn c th phng. S chp rng sau khi qun Hai B thua trn b Bt Nn vo cha tr n. Nhng c th chnh b tng cha trc khi tham gia khi ngha, n khi tht bi li tr v sng n trong cha. Nn nh hu ht cc n tng ca Hai B u tui trn di 20. Hnh nh mt c gi va i tu, va lm tng, ri c dn th phng nh mt v thn, cng cho thy hai ngn nm trc a v ngi ph n rt c tn trng, trong x hi cng nh trong tn gio. l mt c tnh ca vn minh phng Nam t thi ti c. Bt Nn Phu Nhn c th l mt v n thn c th phng t lu, c ng ha vi vong linh mt n tng ca Hai B, ri a c v thn v vong linh n tng vo quy y
xem tip trang 44
Hnh: UYN NGUYN/HOA M
ESTMINSTER, California (NV) - Hm nay a ng To nghe b con! Chun b a ng To v tri thi! Km theo nhng cu trn l cc bc hnh chp hoc mt mm bnh mt, hoa qu, hoc ch mt ci bnh chng nho nh km theo bnh hoa loa kn, hay thm ch c c nhng chai ru, nhng phong bao l x xinh xn, c ng trn Facebook ca mt s ngi tr hin ang sng ti Hoa K, nh mt kiu nhc nhau ng qun mt tc l ca ng b li t ngn xa, khi Tt k ngay trc ng. Khng kh chun b n Tt Nguyn n khng ch ph y trn cc trang mng, m ch cn lc bc u quanh khu vc Litlle Saigon hay cc thnh ph ln cn Qun Cam l thy hng sc ngy Xun ging y khp ng. Tuy nhin, tm trng chun b n Tt c truyn Vit Nam trn t M dng nh c v khc nhau rt nhiu trong lng mi ngi, mi la tui.
T ch Thun Pht, ch Ha Bnh, ch ng, n ch Lt, ch Moms, ch Saigon City Marketplace, ch ABC,... n nhng tim bnh ni ting nh ng Hng Vin, Tn Hong Hng, Vans Bakery,... ch no cng c mt gian hng ring bit chng by hng Tt. Ti y, ngi ta c th tm mua c t ci bnh chng bnh tt cc loi nhn chui u, chay mn, n ci bnh t ln nh c cng mu nu du ngt; ri tho lo ct chut, mt da, mt b, mt gng, mt khoai; da mn, c kiu, tm kh, lp xng; tr li, tr sen, tr mc cu,... n nhng ti qu gi sn bng giy bng king trng bt mt ai mua tng ngi thn quen... Ci g cng c, hay nh ngi dn quanh y thng ni, Si Gn c mn g n Tt th Little Saigon c mn , khng cn tm kim u xa. Nhng ai khng thch mua ng gi, nu sn th c kiu ti, c ci trng, c ci , da sy, h b, gi u xanh, ri l dong l chui, go np, tht m tht i, u xanh c v,... y ra cc ch, c vic mua v m gi bnh, lm da, lm tht ng... theo khu v ty thch. Tuy nhin, nh ch H. Nguyn, c dn thnh ph Garden Grove, hin ang lm thu ngn cho mt ch Vit Nam, cho bit, Hm nay l ngy a ng To ri m
thy tnh hnh ch cng chm lm, ngi ta khng c mua nhiu. Bnh chng my hm nay cng khng bn c nhiu, khng thy ai mua sm g ht trn, thy lm! Cng theo ch H. th nm nay nhiu ch khng nhn bnh chng bnh tt t bn ngoi gi bn, do lut v v sinh thc phm ngy cng gt gao hn, nn ch t gi bnh bn v s lng gi khng nhiu. Bn cnh , thi gian gn y nhiu nh th v cha t chc gi bnh chng bnh tt bnh gy qu nn cc tn Cng Gio hay Pht t cng c khuynh hng mua cc loi bnh ny t ni mnh i l ng h, bn thn ch H. Nguyn cng mua bnh nh th ng h. D vy, theo kinh nghim ca ch H. th cng cn mt tun na mi ti Tt, nn c l cui tun ny ngi ta mi i ch ng, cn hm nay ngy bnh thng, ngi ta i lm nn ch vng. Nhn xt ca ch H. Nguyn cng gn ging nh nhn xt ca c Phng Mai, ch nhn gian hng hoa lan Phng Mai trc ch Phc Lc Th. Nm nay bu khng kh Tt vn vui, ngi ta vn thch mua bng, cng i do ht nhng nu rn rng th phi ch Th
MUA BN TT
Gn hai tun nay, d mun d khng, khi bc chn vo bt k mt ngi ch Vit Nam no, ngi ta cng nhn ra ngay sc mu Ma Xun.
TT LITTLE SAIGON:
NGI TR HO HC, NGI LN S S
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www.nguoi-viet.com
NGC LAN
By, Ch Nht ti. Hin gi khch cng ng nhng mua th ch lai rai thi. C Phng Mai va ngi cm chu lan theo yu cu ca mt khch hng, va cho bit. Nhng theo kinh nghim 20 nm bn hoa Tt, c Mai khng nh: Sc mua nm nay c th c nh nm ngoi hoc hn, v theo phong tc ca ngi Vit th lc no cng phi c bng hoa trong ngy Tt, nhng ai cng ngi khng mua sm, h c t t nhng n gi cht th hoa cng y nh . M khng ch c ch Vit Nam mi c gian hng Tt, ngay c nhng ni mua bn ln ca M nh Costco hay Sams Club quanh khu Little Saigon cng ngp trn hng sc ngy Xun. C l ngi dn bn x ni y quen thuc vi hnh nh c rng mai M vng m, cc i a vng rc, ri qut, tc, bonsai, cy kim tin, v v s hoa lan c by bn c nght trong Costco vo nhng ngy ny, cha k cc hp mt ng gi p cng c mt ni y. Nhiu khch thch vo Costco hay Sams Club mua hoa v c t do chn la thoi mi m khng s b ch nhn nhc nh hay phn nn nh khi i mua ni ngi Vit bn. Nhng cng chnh t s t do ny m nhiu ngi tr nn qu tn nhn mnh tay vi cc chu hoa mnh khng ng .
mng tui ng b ni ng b ngoi. Anh Huy k. Anh tm s, Mnh sang M t lc cn nh, nu khng c b m th cng khng bit g v phong tc tp qun n Tt ca mnh. Do sng gn b m m ng b rt trn trng nhng ngy l Tt nh th ny nn mnh hiu khng kh, ngha ca nhng ngy ny. Gi c con ri th mnh cng c gng lm sao cho c khng kh Tt nh hi xa Vit Nam vy. Thanh Tm, xng ngn vin ca i Saigon TV, cng cm nhn c s rm r ca Tt t vic chun b ca ba m trong nh: Mnh th i lm sut, nhng m ba m ngh hu nh nn khng c chuyn n Tt qua loa ly l. Ba m mnh chun b Tt rm r lm. Theo cm nhn ca ngi xng ngn vin ny th dng nh mi nm cng ng mnh Bolsa n Tt cng ln hn th phi, chc c l do ngi Vit y ng hn hay do kinh t kh hn khng bit. Tuy nhin, bn cnh nhng ngi c tm trng ch i Tt bi hi nh li nhng ngy xa, th cng c nhng ngi i qua tui ch Tt, ch cng ly l theo phong tc ng b thi. B Thu L, mt c dn thnh ph Westminster, cho bit, T khi qua y th Tt khng chun b g nhiu, ch mua vi chu lan, t tri cy cng ng b ch khng nhiu n chuyn n Tt, v ti n ung cng king c, bnh chng bnh tt khng n, tht th cng khng c n. Cng ng b th c bnh tt chay, khi h xung th ct ra chin n. Cng khng bit ngy no a ng To hay rc ng To g ht. Ch bit l ngy 30 Tt, Mng Mt, Mng Hai, ri Mng Ba cng ng b l xong. S n gin c nguyn nhn ca n, nh nhn xt ca b Thu, Tt Vit Nam nhm ngy thng th con ci i lm ht nn cng khng c lm. Tt Ty v Noel c nhiu hn v con ci ngh, bn ny ti n cng theo M nn thy Tt Ty v Noel vui hn Tt mnh. B Xun Trn ngay Little Saigon cng cho rng: y Tt
con ci i lm ht, khng c ai ng nn cng chun b s s cng rc ng b thi. Tuy nhin, ci s s ca ngi ph n ny li rt a dng v phong ph, no l mua tht ba ri, mua trng v luc lm tht kho trng, c tm kh c kiu n bnh tt, ri mua vt v nu mng, mua tht b v xo... C lm mi th mt cht cng rc ng b v cng ba ngy Tt vy m. Bi theo b Xun th du c s s nhng cng phi theo ng tc l ng b li xa nay. Chiu 30 Tt cng mm cm, rc ng b, con chu i hc i lm v th xm li, mc p ng chc Tt, lnh tin l x, ti sng Mng Mt s i cha ly Pht, xin xm. B Xun cho bit k hoch ngy Tt ca gia nh b. Sng M 20 nm, b Xun Trn cm nhn, Noel v l Thanksgiving th t chc n ung rm r hn v con ci hp li ng lm. Cn Tt c truyn th con ci i lm, cc chu i hc ht trn, thnh th ch lm cho c cng ng b ba ngy Tt. Lm cho vy thi ch ni l rm beng hay thnh son th khng bng ngy l Noel v Thanksgiving. Trong khi , ng Tyler Dip, u vin c Khu V Sinh Midway City, mt ngi tr ln ln ti M, li cho rng, n Tt Nguyn n vui hn v cng phu hn. V Tt Ty ch c mt s bn tr t tp li vi nhau trong m Giao Tha v i vui chi thi. Cn vi Tt ta, Tt m Lch th trc phi chun b qu cp, phi mt cht n ni tht nh mnh, cn phi tn tin l x na, Tt Ty th i chi thi ch u c l x cho ai u. D ho hc hay chng nn nao th Tt gn n trc hin nh. V khi ting pho ng u vang ln, d l ngi h hng nht cng s khng trnh khi trong lng ni g nh nh nh khng kh Tt ngy xa, nh ni nn nao v c c b qun o mi v i dp mi... nh thy gio Huy bi hi. NGC LAN
SM SA TT, NGI HO HC, NGI LY L

Mt trong nhng ngi ho hc vi Tt Nguyn n l anh Trn Tng Huy, mt thy gio dy Ton trng Orangeview Junior High School thuc Hc Khu Anaheim. Thy gio ny cho bit gia nh anh chun b n Tt cng tng bng lm. T my tun nay ri, c cui tun th v chng con ci i ch hoa, mua hoa, chun b bnh tri mt cng king. Cng bnh chng bnh tt. Hai a nh cng c m dn i sm o di khn ng mc ngy Mng Mt Tt i cha v i
Mt gc ch Tt Phc Lc Th 2014. (Hnh: Ngc Lan/Ngi Vit)
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PHT T TRONG MT TI
S tay ghi li: THIN AN
V sao ti tr thnh phng vin vo nm ngoi? Cho khi di dng, ti tm tm gn n trong mt ch DUYN.
c v cng hay nhc n duyn.) Cng vic phng vin cho ti c hi c tip xc vi nhiu ngi ti cha tng gp, i nhiu ni ti cha tng n, v d nhiu s kin m nu khng c duyn lm phng vin, ti s chng c duyn c d. V trong nm qua, nm u i lm phng vin, ti c duyn gp, ni, vit v Pht t nhiu hn 25 nm trc cng li. Thng Hai, mt ngy cn Tt, ln u ti xem s c Tr Minh dy lm bnh chng chay thc dng. Ti c trn mc Sinh Hot Cng ng ri gi, xin php gh Thin Vin Hoa Lm lin, ly tin. S vui v ca cc Pht t hm khin ti cng thy thoi mi theo, qun i pht e ngi ban u ca mt ngi cha bao gi d sinh hot tng t. Ngy hm sau, mt ch gh vo ta son, di tng ti mt chic bnh chay h gi hm trc Thng Ba, sp c ti i vit bi Thin Hu Pht T Hu tng nim nn nhn Mu Thn ti cha Di Lc. Khi tr v, vit xong bi v np, ti thm cm kch mt c mc o xm tro trong s kin hm . C ch i d, ng pha cui m ng. C t chi tr li phng vn v khng mun ln bo nhng li kin nhn gii thch tn tnh cc nghi thc cu siu ca nh Pht m mt a ngoi o nh ti ang ng ngc, khng di theo, ghi chp cho kp Thng T, ti c giao ph trch tng thut s kin Hc cm hoa, nghe ging thuyt ti cha Bo Quang ca Ha Thng Thch Qung Thanh. Sinh hot Pht gio vy l c khi nh nhng hn ti tng. V s va pha tr, va bn o chuyn nh to nh mt ngi anh, ngi ch ni chuyn vi con chu mnh. a s ngi tham d l cc v cao nin, ch mt s bn tr ngi ti nhng hng gh pha sau. Trong lc n bnh chay, ung nc gii lao, ti c dp hi chuyn anh chng ngi cnh. Anh ln ln M, nhng thng xuyn d cc bui tng kinh ti cha. Phong thi ca anh t tn, rt trm so vi nhng ngi cng la tui, rt l Thng Su, ti c nhim v phng vn i c Thch o Qung v ban t chc Tri Tnh Thc cho gii tr Teresita Pines, Wrightwood, California. Trc ti tng phng vn cc s thy, nhng thng ch mt vi cu hi kin v mt s kin no . Ln ny, ti c nhim v tip phi on sao tht trn vn v phi c bi y v t tri ba ngy m . Ti lo lm, t vic chng bit xng h th no, s gi sai chc v nhn vt, n vic tm hiu xem mt
con ca mt gia nh Thin Cha Gio o gc, ti khng bit nhiu v cc tn gio khc, tr mt vi l thuyt nh Pht c hai, ba ngi bn thn c ln k nghe qua. Nghe tai ny chy qua tai khc, nhng g ti nh v Pht Gio chng nhiu. Ln duy nht ti n cha l mt ln t m theo bn xin xm. Qu xm bt c g th ti qun, ch nh, trong khi bn ti nhc ti khn vi cu Pht xm mi linh th bng ti ang bn xin li Cha, con ham vui theo bn i cha. Ln ln ri, cc khi nim tn gio thay i nhiu so vi lc cn b. Thay i c th th no, ti chng r. Hai mi su tui, ti vn cn ang ln m tm hiu th gii xung quanh. Nay trong u ti, Thin Cha Gio ngy cng tr nn m h, v Pht Gio vn mi l mt khi nim ti m m. Vit phng s, ti vn khng chu dng t t kheo m anh bn ng nghip ti ta son dy cho vit v cc tng ni Pht Gio m mnh khng r cp bc ca h. Ti khng xi, n gin l v em chng bao gi nghe ai xi t . V sao ti tr thnh phng vin vo nm ngoi? Cho khi di dng, ti tm tm gn n trong mt ch duyn. (Cc bn Pht t
tri ca Pht t c khc khng so vi cc tri h Ch vi pht sau khi gp v i c, ti hon ton qun i mi ni lo trn. Thy a ra vn v s bt an tinh thn ca gii tr trc cuc sng. Ti nh c bc s k ng bnh, ti chm ch nghe tng li thy ging gii Kt qu bi vit ca ti ra sao, ty nh gi ngi khc. Ring ti mng cho bn thn c duyn c chuyn tr vi phi on hm Thng Chn, mt ch trong Gii Tr My T mi n xem nhm nu sp cho ngi v gia c. Cc bn tr trong nhm, trc tui ti, n t hp ti a im hn trc. Nhn thy cc bn cng chia nhau
Phng vin tr Thin An pht biu trong bui l k nm 35 nm thnh lp nht bo Ngi Vit, thng Ging, 2014, ti Rose Center, Westminster, California (Hnh: UYN NGUYN)
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HOA XUN
VNH HO
ui nm, ngi ta thng c kt nhng s kin, tin tc, nhng bi hc v s thnh cng hay tht bi, thu hoch hay tn tht, c v thua, cn v mt trong sut mt nm, qua cuc i ca tng c nhn hay tp th (danh ting hay v danh), ca cc ngnh ngh thut, nhn vn v khoa hc, ca t chc (tn gio, x hi, quc gia, cng ng nhn loi). C nhng ngi nm xung m lu li danh thm mun thu; cng c nhng ngi ang cn m ting xu n xa. Bia ming v s sch khng thin v v khoan nhng khi ghi li nhng tc ng v nh hng do chnh chng ta to nn, tt hay xu, lnh hay d, trong i sng. Lch s cng khng ghi li nhng bin c v s kin qua nh l nhng tnh c ngu nhin ca may/ri, hn/xui (nh cu chuyn ca Ti ng mt ngacho rng trong ri c may, trong may c ri), m l s vn hnh ca nhn/qu, ca mt chui trng trng nhn duyn thun/hp, ng/d trong dng tin ha bt tn. Thng khi, chng ta d chy theo danh vng v a v m nh mt ch nguyn cao p ban u ca mnh, lm tn thng n nhng ngi chung quanh. Ngi hc o, hnh o khng bn lng chuyn danh thm hay ting xu m ch lu tm ni ba nghip (hnh ng, li ni, ngh) ca mnh trong tng giy pht, c mang li li ch cho bn thn, gia nh, x hi, t nc, nhn loi v chng sinh ni chung hay khng. Bit ci nhn gieo, ang gieo, s gieo; v hiu r c ci qu tt nhin gt, ang gt v s gt l thi v hnh x quang minh ca ngi hin tr. Bc tranh ca th gii v chng sinh c
v nn bi s hi t v kt hp t nhng mng mu sc ca tng c th. Khng c mu sc no c lp v c quyn hin th trong bc tranh y. D c mt mu ch im ca bc tranh, ch im kia cng khng l g nu chung quanh khng c nhng sc mu khc, hi ha hay i chi, trng hay en, lm ni bt n. Ngi ta thng cho rng phi c s mu thun, xung t, cnh tranh, mi lm cho s tin b trong mi phng din i sng. iu ny ng phn no trn mt hin tng, c th l trong thng trng, chnh trng. Nhng i sng ton din vn khng hn cuc trong nhng vn bi ca mua bn, i chc, ua tranh, loi tr nhau. Tt nh ca i sng vn minh vt cht hay tinh thn, chnh l s ha hp, an tm, gia ngi vi ngi, gia lnh o (tn gio, quc gia) v ngi di, gia ngi v vt, gia ngi vi thin nhin. Hy c mt on trong bi Hoa Cc (gm 6 on th, 24 cu tht ngn) ca Thin s Huyn Quang L o Ti (1254 1334) ni ln tm cnh v bc tranh xun tuyt p ny: Hoa ti trung nh, nhn ti lu Phn hng c ta t vong u Ch nhn d vt hn v cnh Hoa hng qun phng xut nht u. Trong kh xun m p, thp hng ngi mt mnh trn lu, lng l ngm hoa cc n di sn. Lng v u, qun ht bao phin mun. Ngi vi hoa hn nhin khng tranh cnh. Trong cc loi hoa, hoa cc ng hng u. Ni hoa cc ng u trong cc loi hoa khng phi l cm nhn ch quan ca thin s v mt m thut. y, thin s ch mun ni ci hn ca hoa, m thc
s l ci tm ca o nhn. Hoa cc n hn nhin, khng cnh tranh ua sc khoe hng vi cc hoa khc. o nhn cng th, sng ha vi ngi, vi vt, vi thin nhin. Khng cnh tranh nhng khng v vy m hoa cc khng biu l v p lng l, c d ca n. o nhn thc hnh con ng trung o, chng nhm chn cch ly cuc i, cng chng m nhim tranh ua vi ngi, m vn th hin phm cch ca bc thng s xut trn. Ngi v hoa nh th, khc g nhau. Lng khng tranh th tm an. Ha vi ngi th khng cn u lo, phin ly. Khng tranh (v trnh) l mt mn thin nh (v trnh tam mui). V trnh khng phi ch l khng tranh ci, m l mt trng thi, mt tm cnh, hnh gi c th ha nhp lm mt vi tng th vn hu; khng cn s ngn cch gia ch th v i tng, khng cn vng mc vo tng i i, nh nguyn, mu thun; vt khi ln ranh nhn/ng, b/ th y cng gi l cnh gii bt nh, v phn bit. Ma xun, nguyn cu th gii ha bnh, chng sinh an lc, trc ht hy gi tm bnh, thn an. Tm cn tham vng, hn th, tranh chp th khng lm sao c c ha bnh. Thn cn bo ng hung tn, ming cn th c di gian, s khng sao c c an lc. t trm hng, ngi tnh lng bn chung tr nng, lng bung th, nh nhng. Hoa n ngoi sn. Hoa trong th phng. Hoa ni bn vit. Nhn u cng thy hoa. V a hoa tm cng bng n trong ngy u xun khi nh triu dng rc r hin ngoi. T nim bnh an tch lng ca t tm, cm thng con ngi v cuc i; ct li nguyn cu cho trn gian vi i thng kh, tt c vui hng mt ma xun bt dit.
ct rau, ra chn, ti qun lun nhim v phng vin phi ng bn ngoi s kin m b my chp hnh xung, ph lm. Ph b xong rau vo cc bch ri, ti tr li vi vai tr phng vin. Trong lc ch i nc sp si, h quy thnh vng trn, tp ht cc bi dn ca Vit Nam cho bui thm vin dng lo tip theo. Ti cn c bit thm l Gii Tr My T cn cng p xe dc bin mi sng Th By. Sao lm Pht t li vui n th Thng Mi, ti vit bi ng o Pht t d l khi cng xy cha Bt Nh khi c thy hng trm ngi n sn cha, mng mt ngi cha mi sp c dng ln. y khng ch l mt nim vui cho nhng ngi thuc tn gio ny, m cn cho c cng ng, v vic xin giy php xy dng cng tri qua t nhiu kh khn Thng Mi Mt, ti c dp vit bi cho Trung Tm Thanh Thiu Nin Tnh Thc (BYA) gip tng thut vic h t chc tic gy qu mua li khu tri- trng trn vng ni cao ca thnh ph Valyermo mi mua cch y hai nm. Nhn cc em thiu nhi Pht t qun quit cc anh ch, nhn cc anh ch i theo cc em tng bc mt, ch dy iu ln iu nh, ti cm nhn mt tnh thn c tht gia nhng ngi xa l nhng c duyn gp g nh
cng chung tn gio v c ci tm hng thin v hng v nhau Thng Mi Hai, ti c ban t chc Php Hi Di tip n tn tnh, cung cp mi thng tin cn thit ti c th vit bi, mc d h rt bn rn v thm mt sau ba ngy php hi vi khong 2,000 ngi tham d. Chng trnh din ra chu o, hon ton min ph, ti mt a im sang trng, rng ln dc b bin Long Beach. Nhn Pht t mi la tui, thnh phn, sc dn cng nh nhng a mnh ma quyn theo hng dn ca s c, cng thm nng nh v gi bin ti mang li mt cm gic kh th v cho mt ngi ngoi o nh ti Nm u lm phng vin ca ti khp li, dy cho nhiu iu. Ri ti s hc c nhiu thm trong nhng nm tip theo, c nhng iu s p thm vo suy ngh hin ti, v c l cng s c nhng iu o ngc chng. Ti sn sng cho mt nm tip theo, vi nhiu mong c v d nh. Hy vng vic ghi danh tham gia t ngy 26 sp ti vo cc sinh hot nu sp cho ngi v gia c hay i thm cc vin dng lo cng Gii Tr My s l khi u cho mt nm vui v, tht ngha THIN AN 18/01/2014
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MI INH NGI NG NT XUNG TI I

DU T L
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him ng tip cy rng quanh tri t Mi inh ngi ng nt xung ti i Th dtl Mi ln gp thm, nhng ghi nhn ca ti v An, mt mnh m, m nt. Ti khng nh ti bt u nhn khc v An, t lc no? Khi An bt u i tu? n chay? Khi An bo, An s ti ri qu su trong mn u minh ca nghip. An gii thch, ngi ta khng ch qua nhng ln thc tp cng nhau trn mng. c nhiu ngi khc n tham d vi chng con - nh l cc bn tng thn Blue Mountain (c), Paris (Php); cc bn khc t Ba Lan v c. Hin ti chng con c c hai tng thn trn mng, Tng thn Heart (Tri Tim) v Tng thn Tnh Lng (Stillness). Ali: Trong qu trnh xy dng tng thn v thc tp trn mng, con gp c mt tng thn mng thc tp theo truyn thng ca Thy, l tng thn Plumline. Con c ni chuyn vi Elaine, ngi sng lp ra tng thn ny v nhn ra rng tt nht mnh nn kt hp thc tp chung c ym tr hn l i mt mnh. Khi chng con mi gp, gia nh Plumline ch c 2 nhm, by gi th c 9 nhm ri. Thy: Ali ngh l chng con nn tng thi gian thin ta ln 30 pht mi ngy. Khi ngi trong thin ng cng vi i chng, trong tnh lng mnh c th cm c nng lng tp th ca tng thn ang ym tr mnh. Trn mng cng vy. Con khng nhn ra iu cho n khi Ali phi i mt chuyn cng tc xa. Ngi mt mnh tht l c n. Th nhng bt c khi no Ali tm c mt cht thi gian tham d, d lc l 3 gi sng M hay 3 gi chiu London, con cng u cm c s c mt v nng lng m anh y mang n cho bui ta thin.
b khu nghip hay thn nghip. Ngi ta cn c th b nghip na. Ti hiu An mun ni g. ( l thi gian ti ln trong m m, ho hng vi nhng phng bt chm chc, lt ty k khc, hoc chnh mnh. Dng ti mt hn ti, sau khi tnh c khm ph: Mnh cng c c, cay nghit chng thua ai! T bit ny, lm ti hng phn mt thi gian, khng ngn!) Cng c th ti nhn An khc i, sau ci cht Ali: Thc tp trn mng s khng bao gi c th ging nh thc tp bn ngoi, khi mnh c th gp nhau. Tuy vy cng c nhng ci hay ring ca n. Con hay i y i cho nn tng thn mng cho php con c th duy tr s thc tp cng vi mi ngi. Hm nay con ngi vi tng thn khi ang London; tun ti con li c th thc tp cng tng thn khi ang Hongkong. Chng con vn cha khai thc c ht tim nng ca vic thc tp trn mng. Bit u mt ngy no chng con s c th cng c ngi thin vi chng xut s vo bui sng v c vo bui ti. Thy: Con thng hay ngh n nhm tng thn trn mng ny. Ali s chuyn i London vo nm ti nn cng khng bit c l mi chuyn s nh th no. Tuy vy, con c nhiu hy vng, con thc rng y l mt cnh nh trn mt cy mn ln, v mi chng con l mt a hoa ang n; khi no duyn th tri mn s thnh hnh. Knh tri n Thy, nh Thy m mt nhnh mn mc ln trn mng. Alipasha Razzaghipour (Chn Lu Lng) ng sng lp tng thn Plumline Heart vo nm 2012 cng Thy C (Chn Tr Lc). Chn Tr Lc l mt thnh vin ca tng thn Sen Bp, Sydney, Australia t nm 2001.
TNG THN TRN MNG, TI SAO KHNG?

thy cng ni thm l trc y c ngi lm nh vy ri. Th l mt ht ging c gieo xung. Ali: u nm 2011, mong mun c thc tp trong con tht l mnh lit. Tng thn a phng ca con ch gp nhau mi thng mt ln, nh vy khng cho con. Con pht tm tm nhng tng thn khc cng thc tp theo truyn thng ca Lng Mai. Thc tp trn mng l mt chn la. Con cng khng chc l trn mng th mnh c th ch tc ra nng lng ca tnh huynh hay khng, nhng con li ngh bit u mnh s lm c. Thy: Su thng sau con gp Ali trong mt kha tu Sydney. Chng con quen nhau c vi nm ri nhng khng lin lc vi nhau nhiu v khng cng thc tp mt tng thn. Vo ngy cui ca kha tu, Ali vi con cng i do, chng con ngi trn mt mm ln trn u thc v cng thng thc cnh p ca cnh rng tri di pha di. Chng con chia s v kinh nghim khi thc tp trong Tng thn, trao i tng v c m v mt tng thn l tng. Chng con cng ni cho nhau bit l thc tp theo truyn thng Lng Mai c ngha nh th no i vi bn thn. Cui cng con c bit l Ali cng c cng thao thc v vic thnh lp mt tng thn trn mng nh con. Ali: Khi con ni chuyn vi Thy trong kha tu thng Mi do , con thy rt ho hng. Con ngh, nu c hai ngi ngh n chuyn ny th chc l th no cng c nhng ngi khc cng c cng mt mi quan tm. Trong khi ch i ( tm ra nhng ngi c cng thao thc), con lp nn mt trang nh c tn l peacefulpresent.org ym tr cho nhng ai mun thnh lp mt tng thn ti a phng ca mnh. H c th s dng cc ti liu trn trang nh ny (bi ht, php thoi, thin hng dn ) bt u. Thy: Ban u cng kh kh khn. Ln gp u tin trn mng khng kh lm bi v ng truyn Skype khng n nh v khng c trung thc lm (m thanh, hnh nh ). Chng con chuyn
qua dng Google+ v cng ra cho tng thn mt thi kha trong c thin to, ht thin ca, nghe php thoi v php m. Ali: Sau vi ln lm th con thy rt c chuyn ha, khng khc g my so vi khi thc tp cng tng thn a phng, tuy vy khng c nhiu ngi tham d lm. Khong chng hn hai chc ngi tham gia trn Google+ thi, th nhng trn thc t th khng c ngi no thc tp thng xuyn ht. May mn l Thy trn an con rng nu mnh tip tc thc tp th th no ngi khc cng s n vi mnh. Thy: Khng lu sau , Ch Tri v ch Les cng gia nhp vo nhm. t nhin tng thn tr thnh hon chnh. Chng con quen bit vi cc v trc y ri v cng tham d cc kha tu vi nhau, tuy nhin khi bt u thin tp chung trn mng, t dng chng con tr thnh gn b vi nhau hn. Gi th chng con ging nh anh ch em mt nh, d l n t nhiu nhnh khc nhau nhng tht ra l cng mc trn mt thn cy. Chng con c th ngi thin chung, nghe php thoi ca Thy, chia s t tri tim mnh, thc tp a xc v cng ht thin ca vi nhau. Chng con cng c nhng trn ci, nhng chia s tht su sc v c nhng lc tht ngy ng na. Chng con cm thy nh mnh ang cng i trn mt con ng ng n v c c nhiu hnh phc v nim vui
LNG MAI
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ca m ti (?) Cung cch ng s an nhin, bnh thn ca An trc bin c, khin ti va ngc nhin, va n trng. Sau ngy m ca m, ti hi An, mt ngi sng lng thin, tt p nh b, liu c c siu thot? An p: S thng tic ca gia nh, ngi thn, s khin linh hn ngi cht quyn luyn, bn rn cnh i h va t b. Theo An, ngi cht, trong vng bn mi chn ngy, linh hn cn quyn luyn thn xc. D h bit, thn kia ch l bnh ng cha linh hn. N gi, tm. N v ngha. Du sao, linh hn cng tng tr ng y, qu lu. Thnh thi quen. Cha k, linh hn ngi mi cht no, cng c ma qu, nhng linh hn vt vng, khng siu thot, bu li. Chng dn d hn mi khng c, s quay ra da nt, khng b, in ht kiu cn lng gt, da dm ngi l nc, l ci vy. Nguy him hn, ng lo ngi hn, khi linh hn ngi cht cha chun b, khng sn sng n nhn ci cht. An ni S quyn luyn, bn rn thn xc, ging nh ta bn rn, quyn luyn cn nh ta c sinh ra, ln ln V th, trong bn mi chn ngy, hn ngi qu c rt cn c nghe kinh. Nhng hi kinh siu gip hn bt hoang mang, s hi. Hn s bnh tnh chp nhn s thc: B thn xc, bc vo cnh gii mi. i sng mi. Kinh khng ch g, khng
gip hn la xa xc thn, nu cnh tng hn ghi nhn, l m con chu, ngi thn yu vy quanh, vi nhng than khc, tic thng, ku i, nu koTrong tnh cnh y, linh hn i sao ni?!!! Nhng gii thch ca An, khng tha mn ti bao nhiu! An cng khng tr li thng vo cu hi: -Hn m ti i u, ti u, sau ci cht ca thn xc? Vn theo An, sau bn mi chn ngy, hn no, d tt, xu cng b dn ti mt phn quan c bit xt x cng, ti. Khng th cn c vo nhng vic lm nhn c lc sng, m, ta c th kt lun, chc chn ngi s ln nit bn. Nhiu khi, s tt lnh, nhn c ca h, kip ny, ch tr nhng mn n vay t kip trc. Trng hp , h s c u thai tr li, lm ngi thm mt ln na. Cho ti khi hon ton dt nghip. Cng c nhng trng hp dt nghip ri, nhng hn qu quyn luyn, thng tic con chu; hoc sinh thi hn c nhng nguyn c, th bi su, nng, cht ri vn m c, y ny,H cng s c u thai. Tm li, ty nghip duyn c, ty nghip duyn mi, m hn s c nh ot, An kt lun. Tuy khng tha mn, ti vn cho gii thch cu An, ng tin cy. Ti ngh chn ng ngi, nu
vn nn ca mnh, d An l chu. a chu, s gn ti mi, nu khng c bin c Thng T, By lm. Cch g, mi chng ta cng ch nh mt mt g xp, m, nhng mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung. Ti khng bit nguyn y su xa no, bin An t mt a tr hay di, a ti thn, d cu gt tr thnh mt ngi im m, chng chc, bao qut mt cch su sc mi vn , nh vy. L mt iu, An tr thnh ngi khin ti a lng nghe, trong mi gp g; v, ra khi cu chuyn, ti vn thy ni An, p y nt tr th, (i lc ngy ng) thu no. Hay An, ch l ngi khc, th d, trit gia / tu s thc ng/ hnh gi nhng cu chuyn lin quan ti l chn, gi?) Tch la th gii h khng kia, An li tr v con ngi nguyn thy, con ngi x hi, con ngi hu c? Lc vui, lp lnh hn nhin, d dm. Lc bun, hn khc nhn nhn, che du? Hay chnh s tm thy ni thm su, kinh nghim khm ph bn thn, n lc vt qua i ba tng gii hn ca ci thc, cho An nhng bnh yn, thanh thn ti c ng? L con trai ln ca anh ch Q. ti, tnh theo th t, An l con th. Trc An, c Hng. Hi nh, Hng sm pht l thng minh, c tnh, v, mc nhy cm c bit vi th gii ca nhng iu phc tp, v hnh nh vn chng, ngh thutTrong lc
An khng h. An hin ra nh mt ch nh b bm, chm t, khng cnh sc, khng c tnh d bo mt xu hng c th no, ngoi v tht th, n hu. Ngay vic hc, An cng m nht trc ch. Hng gii bao nhiu, An tm tm (c phn ui) by nhiu. Nhng nm phi thi trung hc, t ti, gia nh ch bn khon khng bit Hng u hng no? u hay bnh? Tuyt khng cht thc mc. An, tri ngc. Ai ny canh cnh bn lng mi lo, tru nng. An thi t ti nht, nm by ba. Lut tng ng vin ban hnh. Nu rt, An s b bt lnh. V, An trt k nht. M ti thp thm, th di, tng m, khng ng. Trong mt nhn ca b, vi quan nim c, An l ch tn, l, git mu chnh ca dng h. Nh th, bt c mt bt trc, trc trc no, xy n vi An, th, iu ng ngha vi s khng may mn hay bt hnh, s nh hng n nhiu i ni tip! Gn nht, n s nh hng trm trng ti vic ma chay, cng quy ngi qu c Vng anh ch Q., qua nhng gp g ring chng ti, m ti thng ca cm anh ch Q., khng ch trng, khng thng yu An bng Hng. V th m, thng b chn n. Chn hc. N b bng ci ko, c nhn nhao g u m, lc no cng hm h vi n, nh qun th qun hn, m ti than vn.
Bc su hn, trong kim tm nguyn nhn a ti s thi rt ca An, m ti cn cho rng, thi gian hc thi, An khng c tm b y ! Ly Pht. Lng thng chu ch tn qu , v hnh chung, mang n cho m ti ci nhn y k th. M ti bng qun, Hng cng tri qua nhng k thi nh An. Hng cng c nui dng trong mt khung cnh, iu kin nh An. Cha k, Hng mi chnh l a con khng c hng nhng ngoi l nh An. G ch, ring phn m ti thi, ti dm qu quyt, sinh thi, c khng bao gi dm di tin cho Hng. Nhng An, th c. Nhiu na. Cng nh ti v C., rt gn An. An l ngi bn nh, thn thit ca c hai a. Sau ny, khng ch An, m bn An, cng tr thnh bn ti v C. (Hng gn ch Bng ti hn, c d v cng l n b, con gi.) Bt c lc no, mun i ung c ph, An hay nhm bn, u c th hi, hoc r ti i, nh mt ngi bn (c kh nng chi tin hn bn khc.) Ti nh, cn u hai thng chun b thi k hai, An ti vi chng ti, trn cn gc, ng Hai B Trng, gn cu Kin. Lc ny, chng ti va tri qua mt thm kch ln. C. sinh i, thiu thng. Khng gi c. C th do hu qu ca vic chng ti b mt cp xe hi. Ti quyt nh mua chic khc, d C. khng
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PHT T VIT NAM:

x hi v dn tc s xu theo. Mt ngi dn xu s nh hng xu n mt s ngi dn khc. Mt s ngi dn xu khc ri s tc ng xu n nhiu ngi dn khc xu na. l nguy c bt an ca mt cng ng x hi v dn tc. c bit, nu c nhn xu m m trch chc v ln lao trong c ch chnh tr iu hnh t nc th tc hi ca ci xu cn rng ln v nguy him gp nhiu ln. Quan im v phng hi x hi cng cn phi c hiu cho ng. iu cn phi phn bit cho r l phm tr x hi. X hi l cng ng dn tc gm cc c nhn ca tng ngi dn ch khng phi l mt tp th nhn s ca c ch chnh tr, hay mt ng chnh tr iu hnh t nc. Tp th nhn s ca c ch chnh tr, hay ng chnh tr ang iu hnh t nc khng phi l ton x hi. V vy, khi tp th nhn s ca c ch chnh tr, hay ng chnh tr iu hnh t nc khng cn ng ng vai tr lnh o bi dn, v dn v cho dn th ngi dn c quyn ln ting chng i hay c quyn i hi bu c mt chnh quyn hp php khc. Nh th, mt ngi dn ln ting chng i chnh quyn hay i hi chnh quyn phi thc thi nhng quyn li cho cng dn ca mnh nh quyn t do, quyn lm ngi, cc quyn chnh tr v dn s m cng c quc t tha nhn th khng c ngha l ngi dn xu. Ngy nay, mt s chnh quyn trn th gii thng vin dn l do gy phng hi an ninh quc gia ngn chn s ln ting chng i hay i hi chnh quyn thi hnh cc quyn li cng dn ca h. Nhng th no l phng hi an ninh quc gia? Tr li cho cu hi ny th phi xem mc ch v phng thc ln ting v i hi quyn cng dn ca ngi dn. Nu mc ch chng i
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15
AI EM QUN TR M NGN NO V?
LU TNG QUANG
Ngc xui trn dng i, i lc nh v ci ngun xa, tm cm k lu y nh thin s Tu S thong chc bng khung, ngm ngi nh nh th ghi li trong thi phm Gic M Trng Sn: Ngc xui nh na cung n Ai em qun tr m ngn no v. Qun tr l ni tm dung ca ngi xa x. Hu ht chng ta l nhng ngi ang sng lu vong v cc quc gia nh c, trong ngha no cng mang tnh cht ca mt qun tr bn ng. Tm cm ny khng phi duy nht cho ngi Vit nam m hu ht di dn, nht l ngi t nn khp ni trn th gii u chia s trng thi tm l ny. Enrico Marsias, ca s Php gc Hi Lp, m t tm trng ny tht tuyt vi qua bi ht Adieu Mon Pays: Jai quitt mon pays Jai quitt ma maison Ma vie, ma triste vie Se traine sans raison. Th nhng ti sao qun tr li ngn no v? V bao gi th qun tr hay nh c th tr thnh t m Home, Sweet Home? Khc vi cc cng ng di dn, ngi Vit hi ngoi l cng ng t nn, tng t nh cc cng ng ng u trc khi ch Lin S sp . Sau 30 nm nh c, phn ng ngi Vit n nh i sng vt cht vi nh cao ca rng, nhng t m theo ngha vn ha tnh
cm Home, Sweet Home ca thi s M John Howard Payne (1791- 1852) rt ph cp trong thi k Chin Tranh Nam Bc Hoa K, th mc thnh cng ca chng ta nh th no? Ti cc quc gia di dn nh Hoa K, Canada, c i Li v New Zealand, nhn nh qui c l di dn hng c tinh ty ca hai nn vn ha - ca t nc ci ngun m h mang theo v ca quc gia nh c m h tip cn. Qui lut no cng c nhng ngoi l, nhng nhn chung, ti khng ngh rng nhn nh ny phn nh ng vi thc t ca phn ng gia nh di dn v ngi t nn, c bit l gia nh ngi Vit nam. Theo nhn xt ca ti qua kinh nghim lm vic ti B Di Tr v Vn Ha a Nguyn lin bang trc kia v H Thng Pht Thanh quc gia SBS Radio hin nay, V Ngun theo ngha duy tr truyn thng vn ha l mt khuynh hng t nhin ca tp th ngi sinh nc ngoi. V ngun khng nht thit ch n thun l nhng chuyn i thm ving du lch qu xa m l hnh-trnh-tnhcm-tri-thc-ti-kt vi nn vn ha c. Vi th h th nht, ngi Vit sng trong hoi nim v n lc ti to hnh nh vn ha c trong mi trng mi. Ni no c ngi Vit l ni c Hi Ch Tt; ni no c Pht t l ni c Cha Vit nam v L Vu Lan Bo Hiu. Trn bnh din c nhn, ngi
Vit no cng c nhiu phng tin vt cht l t gia ca h cng c nhiu sc thi Vit nam v mt biu tng bn ngoi cho n nhng trang tr bn trong nh bn th ng b, gia tin, nhng bc ha sn du, bc tranh sn mi trn tng v bn gh phng khch. Tin s Mandy Thomas, mt nh nhn chng hc c, nghin cu nhiu nm v cng ng Vit nam. Ti cn ni l khng phi lc no ti cng ng vi kt lun ca tc gi, nhng ti chia s nhn nh sau y: Ngi Vit nam [ti c] lin tc i din vi vn biu dng cng ng vi nn vn ha a s chnh mch (the majority culture) v lm th no kt hp vi k khc trong cng ng l tng m c ca h (their imagined community). Qua hi ch Tt v nhng l hi nghi thc khc, cc t chc cng ng hnh x nh l ngi thng thuyt chnh gia cng ng v c cu chnh quyn a phng. Nhng t chc cng ng ny hng dn sinh hot vn ha v chnh tr ca cng ng v do c tc ng su rng trong vic hnh thnh lin tc ca bn sc Vit nam (Vietnamese identities) (1). l v mt tp th. Cn v mt c nhn, qua nhiu cuc tip xc vi ngi Vit nh c ti vng Ty Sydney, Mandy Thomas nhn xt rng i sng qu kh ti Vit nam ca h phn nh s
tip theo trang 15
PHT T VIT NAM:

chnh quyn ca ngi dn khng nhm n vic lt c ch chnh tr cm quyn bng bo lc th hnh ng khng th b kt ti l phng hi n an ninh. Cn na, nu ngi dn ch ln ting v i hi mt cch n ha qua phng thc bt bo ng nhng quyn li cng dn chnh ng th cng khng th gi l hnh ng phng hi an ninh. Tt nhin, nu v l do bo v an ninh quc gia m c ch chnh tr iu hnh t nc li s dng bo lc hay v lc trn p v git hi ngi dn ln ting i hi cc quyn cng dn chnh ng ca h bng phng thc bt bo ng, th cng cn phi t li vn mt cch nghim tc l chnh quyn c cn t cch i din ngi dn iu hnh vic nc hay khng. Cc cuc cch mng ti nhng nc Bc Phi v Trung ng trong vi nm gn y l mt in hnh c th v thi ca ngi dn i vi cc ch c ti qun phit bt chp nguyn vng, quyn li cng dn, v ting ni chnh ng ca dn tc h. Vy cn hnh nguyn ca ngi Pht t l g? Ngi Pht t, gm nhng ngi xut gia tu hnh v nhng c s sng ti gia, l nhng ngi pht nguyn nng ta vo Tam Bo -- Pht, Php v Tng -- thc hnh Chnh Php hng i mnh n mc tiu gic ng v minh v gii thot kh au. Hnh nguyn ca ngi Pht t cng c hai lnh vc: i vi t thn v i vi tha nhn. i vi t thn th ngi Pht t n lc thc hnh li Pht dy qua ba phng cch: Gi gn gii lut, tu tp thin nh, v pht huy tr tu. C ba phng php tu u nhm n mc ch cui cng l gic ng v minh gii thot au kh. Lnh vc t tu t gic ng cho mnh gi l t gic. i vi tha nhn th ngi Pht t em
kin thc v kinh nghim tu tp Chnh Php ca chnh mnh gii thiu n cho ngi khc cng thc hnh, ging nh sau khi nh lng y v thuc hay cha tr c bnh tt c hiu qu th ngi bnh nhn gii thiu thy thuc v cch cha bnh ny cho nhng ngi khc cng c li lc. l lnh vc gic tha, tc l gip ngi khc gic ng. Vic gii thiu Pht Php n cho ngi khc, cho cng ng x hi v dn tc cng tu tp gi l hong php, tc l lm cho Chnh Php lan rng ra khp ni. Ti sao phi thc hnh li Pht dy? V gii
kh. i sng con ngi d c giu sang ph qu, hay khe mnh th cht n u th cng khng th khng c phin no kh au. Kh au n t hai ng: thn v tm. Thn au bnh l kh. Thn thiu n i kht l kh. Thn ham mun m khng c c tha mn l kh. Thn b c th, b hip p, b hm oan l kh, v.v Tm lo lng l kh. Tm suy ngh bun bc l kh. Tm phin no vic nh, vic lm n, vic cng, vic t l kh, v.v Thn tm lm vic qu , b tc, p lc, cng thng l kh, v.v Nhiu chng bnh, nhiu au kh thuc ung khng ht, bc s
tr khng lnh. Hn na trng hung tm thc nh hng rt ln n sc khe ca c th vt cht. Trong nhng tnh hung , thc hnh Pht Php bng vic qun st s v thng ca cuc i, thc chng cc php l v ng, l khng c t tnh c nh, tnh tm thin nh bung x bt nhng lo u phin no, tit ch ba nghip thn, ming, , lm nhiu vic thin nguyn, chuyn i nghip lc, v.v gip gim thiu hay tiu tr kh au. Ti sao phi hong php? T thn chng nghim c li ch ln lao ca Pht Php trong i sng
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chn la nh ca ti c v nh nh l mt nim cng nh l vt th trong i sng gia nh v mi trng a phng, l mi quan tm ch yu ca ngi Vit. i vi ngi c gc Vit, nh l mt nim gn lin vi qu nh (homeland), ngn ng v x hi tt c u phn nh khc x qua kinh nghim mt mt [trong qu kh]....i sng c chuyn i t Vit nam v s mt mt khung tri vn ha Vit khin ngi Vit ti lp i sng vn ha Vit trong khng gian c chu - (1) Ti cha tm thy mt kho st no v mc hi lng ca ngi Vit trn cn bn t m-sweet home, sau khi to dng c nh ca ti c hay ti Bc M. Ngoi tr thnh phn ng b nh c theo din on t gia nh (2) v thnh phn cha m on t vi con ci sau khi con ci n nh i sng kinh t, theo nhn xt ca ti, a s ngi Vit nh c vi t cch t nn v lp nghip tr li vi hai bn tay trng, u c cm tng l h to dng c phn no t m ti qu hng th hai. Ti ni phn no l v theo ti, chng ta khng bao gi c th ti to hon ton i sng vn ha m chng ta mt hoc i sng vn ha ng i m chng ta khng cn l thnh phn tham d. V li, t m cn i hi mt mc
hi nhp no vo mi trng chnh mch m nhiu ngi thuc th h th nht c th cn gp tr ngi ti cc quc gia nh c. Sau nhng nm u nh c, ngi Vit c coi l thnh cng trong mt cuc thm d ca Phn Khoa X Hi Hc thuc Vin i Hc NSW, trn cn bn mt nh ngha tng i v thnh cng nh l s hi lng vi chnh mnh. Theo nh ngha ny, thnh phn ng b cha m on t gia nh sau khi con chu n nh i sng t nn v mt kinh t ti chnh, thng gp nhiu kh khn v khng cm thy thoi mi vi i sng mi, v tng quan ch lc trong gia nh thay i v th bc tnh cm theo truyn thng khng cn c chp nhn hon ton nh ti Vit nam trc kia. Cng thay i l vai tr ca ph n trong x hi mi m ti gi l gia hai dng vn ha v Mandy Thomas coi l trong tnh trng in limbo (1). Theo ti, truyn thng vn ha m ngi Vit n lc ti to cho t m-sweet home phi l truyn thng tt, thch hp vi nguyn tc nam n bnh quyn v bnh ng c hi (3). Vo mc im 15 nm nh c y, ti c nhn xt rng ph n Vit nam nc ngoi c nhiu kh nng linh ng v hi nhp thnh cng trong mi trng [bnh ng] x hi mi m khng b vong bn(3).
S d tnh trng bo hnh cn xy ra trong mt s gia nh Vit nam hin nay l do nguyn tc bnh ng ny khng c tn trng. im ng ch l trong cng ng Vit nam hi ngoi, cn mt thnh phn c bit c kh nng bc cu gia hai th h do d to iu kin cho th h th hai v ngun v th h th nht hi nhp, l th h chuyn tip th h mt ri sinh ti Vit nam v trng thnh ti nhng quc gia nh c ca cha m. Tuy kinh nghim nh c ca ngi Vit nc ngoi khng th ni l c nht v nh, th nhng tin trnh nh c ny cng khng ging nh tin trnh nh c m nhiu cng ng khc tri qua chng hn nh cng ng Hi Lp hoc Italy. Trong mt cch th no , cng ng Vit nam c th ni l gn gu~i vi cng ng Cuba ti M hn l cng ng Trung Hoa ti c, bi v cng ng Vit nam v Cuba l cng ng t nn, chia s cng kht vng t do dn ch cho t nc
ci ngun. y l mt yu t quan trng trong mi dy lin h gia ba th h trong cng ng ngi Vit.
hng ngy th l t nhin l chng ta mun em Pht Php gii thiu cho ngi thn, bng hu, v ngi chung quanh cng c li lc. Hn na, Pht Php khng ch gip gii kh cho c nhn m cn gip xy dng v pht trin cng ng x hi, dn tc v t nc. Chng hn, mt ngi dn l Pht t bit nghe li Pht dy khng trm cp ti ca ngi th khng nhng bn thn ngi c c cuc sng thanh lim trong sch c mi ngi tin yu knh mn m cn lm gng tt cho con chu, anh em, gia nh, v gip cng ng x hi bt i t nn trm cp, tham nhng, hi l, lm ng lc pht trin thnh vng quc gia x tc. Mt th d khc, l mt ngi cng dn Pht t bit gi gn li Pht dy khng ung ru say sa th khng nhng bn thn ngi c khe mnh, sng sut, trnh c nn say ru hnh hung gia nh v li xe gy nguy him cho ngi khc, m cn gip cho cng ng x hi gim thiu t nn say ru hnh hung v ung ru li xe gy bt n x hi. Thm mt v d khc, mt ngi cng dn Pht t lm theo li Pht dy khng ni di th khng nhng c c phm c cng trc v mi ngi tin tng m cn gip cng ng x hi xy dng v pht trin nim tin yu v qu trng ln nhau. Lm sao ng x hi ha gia bn phn ca mt cng dn nc Vit v
hnh nguyn ca mt ngi Pht t? T l thuyt cho n thc t c hai vai tr u khng c g chng tri nhau. Ti sao? Bi v c vng ca ngi cng dn nc Vit l lm sao tr thnh mt ngi dn tt v c th em ht kh nng ca mnh ra gp phn xy dng v pht trin t nc, trong khi nguyn vng ca ngi Pht t Vit Nam cng l mong mun em Chnh Php gip xy dng v pht trin con ngi theo chiu hng thng hoa, hnh phc v an lc, trong c chnh mnh, v cng ng dn tc. Mt ngi cng dn tt l ngi sng o c, lm trn bn phn v trch nhim i vi bn thn, gia nh v t nc. Mt ngi Pht t tt cng l ngi sng o c, bit phc thin, bit tu tp Chnh Php gim tr tham sn si, bit t bi thng yu mi ngi, v bit n lc gp phn xy dng v pht trin cng ng x hi. Trong Chnh Php ca c Pht, mt ngi thnh Pht l trc ht tr thnh mt con ngi ton thin cho t thn v cho cng ng x hi. Mt ngi thnh Pht ch em li li ch cho tha nhn v cng ng nhn loi ch khng bao gi em li bt c iu g thit hi cho con ngi. Bng chng c th l c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni, xut hin ti n vo th k th 6 trc Ty Lch, ch em li li lc to ln cho t nc v x hi n ch tuyt
nhin khng gy ra mt bt li no. Lch s truyn b Pht Gio trn th gii t hai mi lm th k qua cng th, ch cho thy s li ch thit thc khi Pht Gio c truyn vo cc dn tc v cha h c s chng tri no gia Pht Gio v dn tc bn a y. c bit l ti Vit Nam, c th ni l Pht Gio truyn b vo Vit Nam sm hn so vi mt s quc gia Chu khc k c Trung Quc, Ty Tng, i Hn, Nht Bn, v.v t nht l vo mt hai th k trc Ty Lch v trong sut qu trnh lch s c mt ti Vit Nam cho n nay, Pht Gio Vit Nam gp phn xng ng vo cng cuc dng nc, gi nc v pht trin t nc. Pht Gio rt d bm r su trong lng dn tc v c mt gio ngha rt ph hp vi i sng con ngi mi thi i, mi quc , cng nh cc Pht t, xut gia v ti gia, nh thm nhun gio php Pht m c mt phong thi sng rt uyn chuyn v d thch nghi vi mi trng bn a mi. Gio php ca Pht ch dy cho con ngi bit r bn cht ca cuc sng l kh, nguyn nhn gy kh l v minh v cc hnh tc ca nghip lc bt thin. Gio php y cng ch cch lm sao con ngi c th gii thot kh mt cch c th v hiu qu. Gio php y cng ni n kt qu an lc, nit bn, c c t s tu tp Chnh Php. Kh th ai cng c, dn tc no cng c, x hi no cng c. Gii thot kh th ai cng mun, dn tc
no cng mong cu, v x hi no cng nhm ti thnh t. Chnh nh th m Pht Gio c ngi Vit Nam tip nhn mt cch hoan h ngay t nhng nm thng u mi truyn b vo t nc ny. l ni v mt c nhn con ngi, cn mt quc gia dn tc th sao? Pht Gio ng gp c g vo cng cuc xy dng v pht trin quc gia dn tc Vit Nam? Pht Gio khng ch trng mt th vng quc ton cu nm di s thng tr ca quyn lc tn gio chi phi tt c chnh sch v hot ng ca nhng nc Pht Gio thnh vin khc trn th gii. Chnh y l yu t cc k quan trng gp phn vo vic cho Pht Gio i vo lng dn tc ca tng quc gia m Pht Gio c truyn b vo mt cch trn vn. Ngi Pht t, Tng, Ni v c s Pht t, l cng dn ca mi t nc c quyn t quyt hon ton v cc hot ng ca Pht Gio trong mi quc gia m khng phi l thuc vo bt c quyn uy tn gio ton cu no khc. cng l yu t then cht lm cho ngi cng dn Pht t gi vng c lp trng dn tc t quyt ca mnh trc mi hon cnh v sn sng hy sinh cho s sng cn ca dn tc bn a. Lch s ng gp ca cc Pht t Vit Nam vo cng cuc bo v nn vn ha dn tc, s ton vn lnh th v lnh hi ca quc gia mnh trong sut chiu di
trn hai ngn nm qua l bng chng c th. Trong sut chiu di lch s , Pht Gio Vit Nam cha bao gi mu cu hay c hnh ng c tn tn gio. Vo thi cc thnh ca Pht Gio trong cc triu i L, Trn, cng chnh nhng v minh qun Pht t l nhng ngi i tin phong v hu thun ton din cho vic truyn b t tng Khng Gio v hc thuyt Nho Gia lm nn tng cho cc chng trnh gio dc chnh thc trong h thng hc ng nh nc hu o to nhn ti ra gip nc. Khi Pht Gio b th lc Khng Nho trong giai cp quan li triu nh ln lt v tranh ot nh hng th Tng, Ni v Pht t Vit Nam m thm hong php trong nhn gian vi vic xy dng cha chin nh miu ti thn lng a phng bo v vn ha v Chnh Php trong lng dn tc. c Pht khng dng quyn lc chnh tr truyn b Chnh Php hu chuyn m khai ng cho nhn sinh, v Ngi bit r rng cc ch thuyt chnh tr, cc quyn lc th tc khng th l gii php cu cnh a ti gic ng v gii thot. Nhng phong thi nhn cch siu vit v phng thc khai m tr tu ca Ngi cho qun chng nh hng rt ln n giai cp St li cm quyn v m u cho cuc cch mng x
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tip theo trang 19

ng . Ti mong ti sai, khi mun ngn nga vic gia nh ti, c n tng xu, bt cng v C. Ti s mi ngi cho rng C. l u mi ca cc tai ha. du chuyn mt xe, ti ni vi gia nh, ti i xe khc, r hn. K tip, khng th C. tip tc sng gia vng c mng. m no C. cng nm m thy hai con v. Chng dt tay nhau i di nhng hng cy cao su Khi chng bo M i, ti con lnh. Khi chng ni, ti con khng vi m c, ti con i y. Nhng gic m i loi, rt dn khi thn th C., cht sinh kh, thoi thp. C m, C. git mnh v nhng ting ng tng tng. Ta bn trm xe, cn tic r vt g , tr
li, rnh rp ly nt. Khng ch C., ngay ti, cng sng trong ni kinh hong / m nh/ thng trc / a ngc. Ti quyt nh i ch. Trc khi An ti, C. vn sng nhng ngy lng l trong bng ti v nc mt. C An gia chng ti, ni ch mi, C. vui hn ln. Ta An l chic cu ni C. vi b kia, s sng. Cch g, mi chng ta cng ch nh mt mt g xp, m, nhng mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung. Dp ny, chng ti c c hi chia x vi nhau, nhiu iu. Ngoi nhng ly c ph ti nh, ti v An cn c nhng c c ph qun. a s, bn hng ng Nguyn Du. Hi , ng Nguyn Du, on gn Bu in, trc trng Tabert, ngi ta by bn v, nhng
chic gh thp, bn c ph bt tt. Chng ti ngi , ung nhng ly c ph xy chng vi l me quanh nm, nh nhng ht cm xanh, nh tng, trong gi. C mt dc hng c ph, bnh cun,cm tm ta lng vo vch tng, di nhng tm vi bt nh xu, khng tn, nn c gi chung l c ph l me. Mt thi, ni l im hn, ni gp g, ca An vi cc bn v, ti vi nhng ngi con gi m, C. khng bit. Trong ti, bt u nhen nhm cu hi phi chng, ni An, hnh thnh nhng bt mn, tht vng v gia nh? B m? Cm nhn ln dn, thnh nhng cu hi, tuy cha mt ln ti tm s vi ai, ngoi C. Cm nhn ny, s d c, bi ti thy An tht hnh phc, tht hn hoan, khi ra khi nh, lc ngi vi bn? Gia gia nh, chung quanh nhng ngi thn, ti t thy c v
hn nhin, nghe c ting ci tr th t An. Nhng ngy tm ni ti, An rt t nhin, thoi mi, khng khp kn. K thi , An u. Hm tr li bo tin vui, ti hi An mun thng g? An bo, An mun c mt chuyn i Hu. Ti ng ngay: Th Hu. An mun i Hu, c th, ngoi ll do cha tng bit vng t mang tn Thn Kinh, a danh nhng lng tm; cn v t m mun bit ngi bn gi ti, thi . Hnh. Hnh ang hc nm th hai, i Hc S Phm. An ch nghe ti k p m v nng, vi nhng quyn r m h mt ni chn c vn chng ni ti nhiu nht, sau H NiS kin ny, nung nu thm c t m ca cu cu? Cng An, ti tri qua
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Chung bo chng Xm Thng - Upper hamlet - Plum Village - LNG MAI
nhng ngy cui cng ca mt ma h, Hu. Cng An, nhng m trng, sn trc, tm mnh trong hng hoa chanh, kh, v ting vn mnh trn cao ca nhng b hoa cau, cha m thnh bung tri, ti hnh din cho c An mt chuyn vin du (ng ngha) vi nhng l lm, k th tui nin thiu. V, ti tin, An cng nhn ti vi tt c cm phc dnh cho mt ngi chgiang h. Nm sau, An thi u t ti ton phn. Vn cn b m nh bi lut tng ng vin, trong lc ch gia nh tm u mi gi i hc Canada. An ghi tn hc khoa hc. Lc An bt u c c cho mnh cht nim tin v, phn khi no v tng lai, th, cng l lc An phi chun b cho mt chia ly: Gia nh, bn hu. Ti khng tin An thch hp vi nhng nm hc, mt t nc xa l. Ti cng
khng ngh, thm tm, An hi lng vi sp xp ca gia nh. Ti cm tng, cng lc, An bt an, v hnh phc. Cng lc, An hn h v, mun phin. Nhiu bui ti ngi vi ti v Th., An tm s mun thot ly gia nh, sng mt i sng hon ton t lp. Th. Bo, ai khc th c, An th khng, An hi ti sao? Gi bo khng phi l mi trng cho An vng vy. Th. Ni, nhc nh ti lu ti An nhiu hn. Phn ti, ti khng lo lng lm. M c ca An, ta cht lng mn bng bt ca tui tr. N s tan nhanh nh nhng dn my m trong mt sm mai nhiu nng. Hn na, giy t du hc ca An, ang c xc tin. Gia lc , tnh hnh chnh tr, qun s min Nam c nhiu bin chuyn
ln. Khi u, cao nguyn trit thoi. Sau ti Qung Tr, Hu, Lc Ninh, hng lot thnh ph min Nam ri vo tay Bc qun. Nh s ng mc nhin ca nhng qun c domino. Thi gian ny, ti t gp An.Th., v Vng Tu trc , nh mt by t dt khot, quyt tm ct t mi lin h gia ti v nng. Hnh Pleiku, khng tin tc. C. loay hoay tm cch cho ti gii ng. Ta i S Php tr li, nu ti khng thuc din qun i hay cng chc chnh ph, h s cho ti di tn theo chng trnh hi hng Php kiu, vi C. Gia thng T, ti cn nhn lnh i lm phng s Nha Trang. Hy vng tm thy Hnh, trong on ngi khn kh u tin, v ti Tuy Ha. Nhng on t nn, nh m kin b quanh ming chic cho m si sc ca chnh mnh. Cch g, mi chng ta
cng ch nh mt mt g xp, m, nhng mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung. Mt tun, trc ngy Ba mi Thng T, Hnh v ti Si Gn. T u ti chn, l qun o, giy dp, mn ca v cu. Gp nhau gia sn cc TLC., ti m Hnh trong tay, nh m mi n hn c tht. Hnh hi An. Ti bo c gi theo mt gia nh l, i Canada, hai ngy trc. Tun k, ti phin ti i. Chuyn i khng nh trc. Khng mt cht. Ti, nh ht bi trong bn tay khng l ca nh mnh. Nh s gip ca Lc, hai nm sau, An c on t vi gia nh. Khng th xc nh bin c t nc tan tc hay, nhng nm thng thnh lnh, ct la cung rn gia nh, tri tim b t ngoi lng ngc thng yu,
bo bc, nn, An thnh mt ngi khc? Ti ngi c kh nhiu mi bt thng, qua nhng l th An vit t Canada v, nhng ln in thoi vin lin. Dng trong An, c nhng cnh ca bt ng, bt u h m. Nhng cnh ca suy t v con ngi / i sng / vt cht / x hi / tm linh. Nhng cnh ca thc tin, on hn, ph phn, An, m ra, hng ti nhng n lc tm kim bn sc, nhn din chung quanh; ct vn hin hu; i tm ngha trc tin / sau cng ca hin hu . An k nhng m trng, tuyt, ng ra bt trong ngi qun ton ty! Nhng chuyn xe bus chiu, ngang qua nhng dy ph, ngi nh m p ngn n vng, ta xung nhng bn n, quy qun. An ni v
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Bi Ging v D tm hoa c sn du trn giy plast 20 x 22 in INH CNG 6- 2013

nhng sm mai, tr dy, ni hiu qunh, nim trng tri, mun khc. Ti c nhng l th tha tht ca An, nh c nhng on vn, ty bt u tay ca ngi chu, vn c ghi nhn nh mt thnh vin m nht, (khng l t mt xu hng, thi nin thiu) Nhng on vn ca An, khng h nhc nh nhng ngy thng qu nh, tui th ni ming sn trong, ngi nh ng Trn Hng o. Nhng bui tra ti v An cng trn ng, ln xung bp nu nhng soong bt hong tinh, trn ng, thnh nhng tng bt trong veo nh, nhng khi thy tinh rung rinh, t nho. Nhng bui tra ni vung sn sau ny, ti v An ngi lt thm trong chic gh da khng l, g t chic xe nh binh no . An, khn gi u tin, (duy nht) nghe ti tp thi so, harmonica Nhng ty bt ca An, khng h nhc ti nhng l c , ngoi ban cng, ngi nh Ha Hng. Th gii ring (y gi bo,) h o, tng tng ca An? Nhng con c b xu, xanh l hay en bng, bt ng nh nhng thin s c c, neo thn xc (gi, tm) gia h khng. Nhng thin s (c ) c c lnh nht, h hng trc mi chm sc nng nhit, chim ngng tn tnh ca An Th ca An, nh nhng on vn, ty bt u tay ca mt thi tui tr, cho thy c tnh bi xa, on la gia An v qu kh. Ti khng hiu, c phi An ang bc vo thi k trng thnh qu hay, i sng, nhng ngy hiu qunh, dng, o trong An, nhng ngn ni v, nhnh sng tn lp? Gp li An, y, ni ti, l mt gp li: Ngi chu nm xa cng lc,
ngi bn mi, (ti cha c thi gian thit lp mt tnh thn thit,) khc. Thi gian , C. v Du, Nh cng mi qua t Php. Ti lm vic bt k ngy m, trong n lc lp y thiu ht trc mt ti nh c v, thanh tha mi vng mc / n nn / n ngha tnh cm /trc y. iu kin, mi trng sng mi khng cn cho t i/ An nhng sng l me, nhng chiu c ph Hn, nhng ti Nguyn Thin ThutCm o, an nguy tng lai, e da ngy ti, y chng ti, mi a ln mt xa l mu sinh m mt. Lc no, chng ti cng b cm gic ma ui sau lng. An rt thc t. Chn t chn ro, ti M, An i lm ngay. Vic tay chn, gii quyt ci xe, trc khi ghi tin hc li. Ti nh vic sau cng ca An lm, l cng nhn in t, do C. gii thiu, cng hng. Tuy khng c nhiu thi gian n m vi nhau, nhng trong nhng gi pht tr chuyn ngn ngi, ti ghi nhn c nhiu cay ng, ma mai trong An, v gia nh, x hi. Ri An i hc li. Hc ton gi. Rt bt ng, thch th cho ti, khi c bit An tr thnh sinh vin xut sc nht ca trng. An lun c tn trong Deans list, bn An, Phc k vy. An ra trng, c vic tt. Nhng cuc tnh m m ca An, bn nhng v, i thay gh gm ca ti.
Gia bnh yn vi nhng thnh tu tt p, gia phng lng vi nhng m bo, d gi vt cht, gia inh ninh, An ang xy nt cho mnh, tng lu cht ta nh c nhn ph ph, th, ti c tin An hnh thin, trng chay, nhp nh. Quyt nh trng chay ca An, l mt bng hong, au xt v ngn cho anh ch Q. Cc em An, a hong ht tm hiu. a diu ct, cho l hnh ng bc ng, phn nh mt khng hong (tm l / tnh cm) nht thi. Phn ring, An bnh thn, t tin. l khong thi gian An tm c ngun nc hnh phc, trong lnh nht? Cch g, mi chng ta cng ch nh mt mt g xp, m, nhng mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung. Khng th xc nh, phi chng ti nhn An cao qu, ln lao t s kin An t b i sng y , ui theo mt tm kim m h, mt ct vn h o? Hay chnh s chay trng, ngi thin mi m ca An (iu ti khng lm c, du ch dm ba ngy) lm ti khm phc, knh trng? Tuy nhin, d chay trng/ tu thin/ hnh o mi ngy (theo cch ring ca mnh,) An vn lm vic, sinh hot nh mt ngi thng. i sng, vi cht nha, keo thc bch, vn dnh cng chng ti trn dng xa l cm o m mt. i khi, xa l c im giao
nhau. i khi, chng bng bng, chy tut lut v hai hng i nghch. Nhng, lc no, An cng trong ti, nh k ng hnh, chng nhn, nh b, mt thi th di v, sau rt, mt thin gi, tr tui. u, lc no, ti cng di theo bc chn ca An, tung mun c vui, bun cng lc vi ngi bn thi th u ca mnh. Ngy An lp gia nh, c mt y, ti mang theo ng ngng, kinh ngc, ti d. (Nh ln u, nghi tin An tu thin/ chay trng vy.) Quyt nh lp gia nh kh t ngt ca An, gy khng bit bao cu hi, thc mc, xn xao cho ngi thn. Nhng thc mc, nghi vn nhiu nm sau, cn ln khut u , trong phng on mi ngi. Nhiu nht, ni ch Bng ti. Ti khng th cho mnh mt kt lun, cng khng c i tm mt kt lun, ring. K t ngy An nhc nh: Coi chng, ch vi su trong nghip, ti tin, mi quyt nh ca An, u khi t nhng n lc ph chp, x ng, ca An. Ghi nhn ny, ni ti, khng c ngha, ti khng thy, sau hn nhn, u trong mt An, nhng gii sng m, nhng vng ma t, nhng tm bo thinh, lng, thp thp. Cch g, mi chng ta cng ch nh mt mt g xp, m, nhng mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung.
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HY VUI LNG LIU LIU
hay khng cn qu hng? L gi ci mun xm xung hay cn cng nha sng v mun ny mm? L dit tn hay hi sinh? L bao nhiu giy, bao nhiu nhp p ca con tim, bao nhiu git mu tro ln rt xung, bao nhiu tm nim pht ln nhy ma ri phai m? Nh th l th no? L mu xanh hay mu , mu vng hay tm xm? Hay l mu trng? Hay chng c mu g c? Hnh nh c phi i, i mi n gn cui ng hm mi cht NHN RA rng cuc i chng c g c, v tm thc con ngi cng ch nh mt chic chong chng, quay cung trng vng Ch c mt chui vui bun, lo s hay khp khi, tip ni lm cm v cht hin cht tan. V nhng nim vui cng chng phi quyt nh vui, cn ni bun cng chng quyt nh bun. Vui hay bun ch l do ci tm thc lt lay chuyn hin, khin ta TNG l vy thi. C l ci b n lt lay ca kip sng l ch (10 nm rt ro lng ng.) By gi, thnh thong ngi tr chuyn vi mt hai ngi ln, thy u trm iu h cn t l. V my khi ni chuyn vi i ba ngi bn tr, cng thy h l vn iu b ng nh nhau. Song, trc nhng t l, b ng cuc i, cng cn an i my li tha gi ca
GIP CHO NHAU...

UYN NGUYN
Trung nin Thi s h Bi: ch ring ci hi ht bn ngoi cuc sng, ci nng cn b mt cuc i l chia la, ly tn; ch ring ci thc ti ngi lao xao l lo t thy l c tui c tn, biu chng ci hn n vo sau ra trc. Tht ra, s vt khng c phn ly chia ct. V ngh thut ca con ngi ngn thu vn xoay quanh mt ti duy nht v tnh yu mun thu vn gi gm v ring mt li c hn vi Hu Th S Nguyn. V ht thy mi ci cht mai mi vn l tng s siu vit ca duy nht mt hn Xun hi sinh trong tn ph Phi ri. Li v Vnh Vin c xa chi my u ti cng xin la li tha vi c bc: hy vui lng liu liu gip cho nhau (Th Xun) Nh vn Mai Tho, C Nghim Xun Hng v nh th Bi Ging, c ba C c bi cng ng trong mt tuyn tp Vn cch y hn hai thp nin. Cc C tri qua mt thi b ng, mt thi t l. B ng v t l, rt cuc h m ra cnh ca ca ci v thc, thy ci b n lt lay ca kip sng, v chn Hu Th S Nguyn. C ba C, by gi khng cn mt ai tn sinh trong ci i ny, nhng: Hoa tn m li thm ti Trng tn m li hn mi rm xa (Nguyn Du) hoa trong vn hoa vn
Nh vn MAI THO (Hnh: Internet)
chng bt ngt, l vng trng rng r trn vm tri vn hc Vit Nam. Ri y, vn c mt hoc nhiu th h t l v b ng, nh th bo tn nhp min man chim nghim, Hong H chi thy thin thng lai*. Nn c g hn trc s s b n lt lay ca kip sng l, hy vui lng liu liu gip cho nhau
t ln tnh c c giai phm Vn, s Xun t Du 1985 ca nh vn Mai Tho lm ch nhim, c mt bi th ngn: Ngi cng ngy cng khn ca cng ngy cng kh con ln ln v cng b ng trc nhng iu t l ca cha ng (Vi Khu B Ng) Khi c, bng my cu th ny lm mnh cm thy bng khung Thi ny hay thi no cng vy, cng mt lp
ngi gi i, mt n tr ln ln, gia hai th h lun c nhng xung t. S xung t c khi l chuyn ct c, tnh c. Mt lp ngi t l, mt th h b ng, v nhiu th h tip ni c th lm li dt du nhau i gia ci du b hn n tn sinh. Nh mt bi vit khc ng cng trong giai phm Vn ny, C Nghim Xun Hng vit v thi s Bi Ging: mi nm l di hay ngn? L m m nhn nh hay khng cn nhn nh? L song thoi hay c thoi? L qu hng
L Bch vit: Hong H chi thy thin thng lai (nc sng Hong H t trn tri xung). Theo truyn thuyt, c nm trm nm, nc sng Hong H trong li mt ln, c vua thnh ra i, thin h i thnh.
Khng r bao nm, khng r thi gian li trn mi tc chng ti, bao nhiu si tc bc v, cc ngn cha trong k c An, chng cht, i thay, nhng g (?) Cui cng, chng ti gp nhau. Cui cng, chng ti c vi nhau mt bui cm ti, ni ngi qun, ti hu nh n hng tun v, An, lu, qu lu khng tr li. Chng ti khng ch c li, bui ti, chn bt. Chng ti cn c li, nhng ngy cui mt ma h, Hu. Hn hai mi nm, c. Ti khng ngh, An vn nh nhng ngy cui mt ma h, Hu. Ti khng ngh, An vn cn nh ngi nh, nh mt ngch chut o rung trong ng t. Nhng m trng, sn trc. Nhng ngi An ch gp mt ln. i sng An, sau ny, ti ngh, cn nhiu ngn cho nhng cha ng khc hn thi gian / k nim ngn ngi kia. Nhng, gp li An, ni Hnh, (v gp li Hnh ni An) khng l mt gp li ng ngng, xa l. Phn Hnh, ti hiu c. Ti hiu, trong mt ngn nh b, cht cha kn bng nhng k nim chiu cht thi thiu n, dong bum ra khi vi tnh yu th nht ca Hnh, An l mt giy cho/ phn gi khi/ mt c mt khonh khc (xng tht) ca cuc tnh kia. Chng ti thng nhc, ni v An, nh nhc, nh phn i nhiu hng kh, ting
vn mnh (trn cao) ca nhng b hoa cau, cha kp kt thnh bung tri. Ta, cch g, mi chng ta cng ch nh mt mt g xp m, nhng mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung. Nhng nh li, An, vi ti l mt khng ng. An nh/ nh/ nh/ nhnh nh li Ph, Nh ngi con gi cho An nhng giy pht nghe tri tim bp tht ta ngi ta dng ht sc mnh ca i tay, xon, vt chic o cho kit cn nhng git nc st, trc khi mng ln giy phi. Ph. cho An nhng m au n, nhy dng. Nhng sm mai ln, ln t ging, xung t. Ph. Cho An hiu, rt nhiu, tnh yu l g (?) Nh nhung l g (?) L g? Nu khng ngoi nm chc: Ngy mai, m mt bit mnh vn con ngi , An ni. Ph. cho An hiu, rt nhiu, t i l g (?) Ci ti l g (?) Thn xc hay linh hn (?) S hu hay vut mt (?) Nhng g lm thnh ci thc? Thc/ Thc/ Thc/Bit/ Bit/ Bit/Ci chn ti ang cm trn tay. i a ti c dy t u th , gp. Ci tha , mc. Thm ch, nhng nim. Nhng kht vng tru tng. Nit bn. a Ngc. Hnh phc. Kh au. Thnh, bi. c. Mt Ta l ai (?) ci g gia thc v v thc? Gia nhng iu ta c dy d v khng c dy d (?) K th ba? Khe h ng nhin ca mi i
sng? Vng t trng, cho nhng mch nc nhy cm, thc tin, chy xui? Ph. cho An thy, rt r, nhng ngi sng chung nhau, di mt mi nh, bao gi cng to thnh mt lung t tng chung. Dn dt cho lung t tng , lun l ngi ch gia nh, con vt u n: Ngay c khi ta ng mnh, ring mnh tch thot c, khi sc chi phi ca dng t tng chung, y cng ch l cm tng. Cm tng An ni, vi tt c c gng cho ti v Hnh, hnh dung c, mt cch c th hai ch y. Ph, cho An, nhng ngy thy r: cht mi d hn sng lm sao! i chao, cht mi nh nhng, m i lm sao! V, khi y: Chu ch mun cht, An th nhn. Nhng ngy nm vt mnh ngang ng bin t sinh, An chm mt i din vi ci thc. Cuc tranh chp, tho lun gia hnh / bng ln hi i ti ch quyt lit. i hi mt ng ng rt ro. V, An trc nhn: Hnh phc l s thot khi ci ln mc gii hn ca chnh mnh. Tm thc An c gii phng. Tm thc An ct cnh. Nhng Ph. khng chia x c. (Hoc s, nhng mt ngy no khc?) An nheo mt nhn Hnh. Nt tr th, v ngu ng, n hu, ti thy,
khng ch ni gng mt, c ni nhng si tc ng mu ca An. C nghe, nh nghe chuyn mt ngi in, phi khng? An hi, Hnh ci. Lc u. Chng ti ng xung bt cm ca mnh. S ct cnh, ng gii phng An tm thy, cho chng ti c hi: Th ra! Bui ti ng sng ln (d dng in ca nhng ngn n khng h thay i.) Bao gi, thm kch ca tnh yu, cng do ni khng, chm na bc ca k kia hay, ngi ny. Thin ng, a ngc l mt, nu khng c si tc mng nh mt chp mt, ngn i. Tip tc nhng ht cm cn li, trc khi ra khi ba n, An a tay ln u. An v v, phn sau t: Ch ny. Tt c ch ny. Nhng m ch bit khng, du vy, chu vn thy nh cn mt vng vu, mt vng mc no . C th An loay hoay tm kim mt th d c th, cho ti hiu. Hoc An khng mun ni r hn. Ti bo ti hiu, iu An mun ni. iu mun ni sau cng, ni An, trong gp li, cui i, sau mi bn phn, mi bn phn vi hin hu, An s tm gp Ph. An s g mt ci g trm nm xung u (ngay ch An v v?) Ph. c nh An . Ct cnh.
Ring vic sau cng chu lm, tn dng ci thc suy lun, nn khng hiu. Ch tht ra, tn nhy hn chu nhiu lm. S kt hp gia hai ngi l, to nn nhng xung t. Nh xung t, mt ngi s v ra. K thc ng bc trc k kia, mt bc v, khng lu, k kia s bt kp, Li ni ca An, v trong ti hnh nh theo nhau, ln cao mi, ca nhng con chim, bit c sinh ra, sng vi nhau. Hay i sng chung, ch ngha khi, dnh cho nhau, bt kp nhau th, cng vy. Trc khi ra v, lc bt tay, ti mun mn cu ni ca An (trc y,) nhc nh An: Ngi ta khng ch mang khu nghip, thn nghipNgi ta cn c th b vng mc trong vng nghip na Nhng ti im lng. Ti t hi, c cn thit? Cch g, mi chng ta cng ch nh mt thn g xp, m, mi inh i sng, khng ngt, ng xung. Bit u chng, tri tim thin gi tr tui ca ti, li chnh l, mt ming g xp, mm hn c? DU T L
* Trch trong Ch Mt i Em Vn , Dnh, T sch Vn Hc Nhn Chng, California, XB, thng 2-1995
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GII M NHNG B MT CA
THIN NH
H TRUNG T
ha bao gi cc cng trnh nghin cu v nhng b mt ca Thin nh li c cc phng tin thng tin i chng, cc hng truyn thng ln, cp n nhiu nh thi gian va qua. Cc hng tin nh AP, Reuter, cc bo nh News Week, Time u c nhiu bi vit chi tit m t nhng khm ph ca cc nh khoa hc Anh, M, qua phng php chp cng hng t hot ng ca b no cc Thin s, pht hin ra nhiu iu m trc y, khi ni n hu ht mi ngi u ngh rng ch l nhng cm gic c c do phng php t k m th hoc tng tng m thnh. Bn tin ca Reuters dn tuyn b ca gio s Owen Flangan thuc vin i hc Duke North Carolina tuyn b vo hm th t (May 21, 2003) rng: By gi, chng ti c th lp thuyt vi nhiu tin tng rng nhng bng dng cc nh s c dng dp thanh thot, an tnh m ta hay thy nhng ni nh Dharamsala, n , l h thc s hnh phc. Nm 1967, gio s Herbert Benson i hc Y Harvard tin hnh nghin cu trn 36 ngi thin nh v thy rng khi ngi thin h dng lng oxy t hn bnh thng 17%, gim 3 nhp tim/pht v tng sng theta no - ht nh trng thi trc ng - trong khi
ton no vn tnh to. 7 nm sau, tin s tm thn hc Gregg Jacobs, i hc Harvard, qua ghi sng no pht hin ra rng nhng ngi thin c th sn ra rt nhiu sng theta v c th phong ta phn no trc vn nhn v x l cm gic, ngoi ra h cng gim thiu hot ng phn thy nh no, ni ph trch cc cm gic v khng gian - thi gian. Bng cch tt thy nh no, ngi ta c th mt cm gic v gii hn v thy v tr tr thnh mt. Cuc nghin cu khc gn y ca Paul Ekman thuc Trung tm Y hc, Vin i hc California, San Francisco, gi rng thin nh v qun chiu c th ch phc c nhn hnh hch (amygdale), mt vng no lu tr nhng k c s hi. Ekman khm ph ra rng nhng thin s cao cp kh b chn kch, bt an, hong ht hay ni gin nh nhng ngi thng khc. Tuyn thng thn, ni tit ra Adrrenalin, in khin nhp tim trong cc trng hp s hi, hong ht gn nh c cc Thin s khng ch hon ton. ng tuyn b trong mt bo co trong tp ch Nh Khoa hc mi (New Scientist) rng: Lp thuyt hu l nht l c ci g ni hnh thin ca Pht gio dn n mt ngun an lc m tt c chng ta u mu cu. Cc nh khoa hc u
tin chc rng Thin nh hon ton c kh nng ra li no, gii ta cc khu vc cng thng v mu trong tnh trng ch tc. Cc tro lu Thin nh M u tin rng Thin nh c th cha c c cc bnh tim mch, stress, ung th, thm ch c AISD v c trng hp thay th cho Viagra! Nhng iu ny tht ra khng phi qu cng iu, mi hot ng ca c th, mi bnh tt xt ra cho cng u xut pht t b no. Mt b no khe mnh chc chn s c mt c th khe mnh. Th l gii nhng iu ny trn c s nhng iu bit v da trn cc kinh sch v Thin nh trong Pht gio chng ta thy; b no con con ngi c 100 t t bo thn kinh. Mi t bo thn kinh qua nhng ng dn truyn li c quan h vi 50 ngn t bo thn kinh khc. iu ny d hiu s hot ng phc tp trong vic x l cc khi lng thng tin khng l ca b no. Th nhng iu ny cng cho chng ta hiu cu ni m nh Pht hay ni Mt nim m sinh th trng trng duyn khi. Mt t bo thn kinh hot ng, tc khc s lan truyn din ra nh trong phn ng ht nhn! Cc ngh ni tip ngh, s t duy hnh thnh. Cc bn hy th ngi nm pht lc rnh ri v m xem trong chng thi gian mnh ngh v bao nhiu
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iu! Thng l khng t hn 10 chuyn ngh khc nhau! Tht k l, ngoi nhng lc tp trung lm vic, th ra chng ta s dng b no rt nhiu vo nhng chuyn v vn khng u khng cui mt cch chng lm g. Tuy vy l iu bnh thng ca ngi khe mnh. ngi b bnh tm thn th ngh ca h c th ch c mt nhng h khng th dng n li c, n c pht trin mt cch bng n v n mc no th ngi bnh sng vi cc ngh y, cc ngh u tr thnh tht, v chng ta gi h b bnh in. Nhng ngi trong trng thi stress, cng khng dt ra c cc tnh cm m h ri vo. iu ny ko di s a n nhng hiu ng tiu cc trn ton c th. C ngi th b tim mch, ngi th au d dy, ngi th mt ng, suy nhc thn kinh, c th... Nh vy l ngi khe mnh bnh thng u bit rng cc ngh l khng c tht v khng nn theo. Chng ta u bit dng li sau khi chy theo n mt on. iu ny tuy bnh thng nhng cc thin s th bo l vng tng. Cch gi ny khng phi l khng c l gc v b, v ngha. Cc phng php thin nh u tm cch chn cc nim khng cho n khi ln ngay t gc. C phng php th hng s tp trung suy ngh vo chuyn khc nh m hi th,
theo di c th trn tng centimt vung mt, hoc theo di mt cch khch quan suy ngh ca mnh khng li lng, ngh ci g l bit mnh ang ngh ci ; c phng php th tp trung suy ngh vo mt cng n, tc mt cu hi gn nh khng c li p, v d khun mt ta khi cha m cha sinh ra l g ; c phng php th tp trung vo chuyn ngi v bit mnh ang ngi, c phng php nh ca Thy Nht Hnh Php th lun nhm Ht vo tm tnh lng, th ra ming mm ci; c phng php nh ca thy Thanh T cha Trc Lm Lt th Bit vng khng theo, gi tt l Tri vng ; c phng php th nim ch hoc nhn nhy nh nhng theo mt v iu no ... Tt thy u mt mc ch lm s hot ng ca b no con ngi lng xung, yn tnh li, dn dn t n s rng khng. iu ny hon ton khng d nu khng ni l v cng kh. Theo bn nng, b no chng ta khng chu tnh lng, ngay c khi ang ng. Trong kinh Pht chng ta c thy cu Ch Pht ng khng m bao gi!. iu ny cho thy bc gic ng hon ton t n mt trng thi hot ng khc ca b no v iu ny th r rng khoa hc cha bit n. Nh Thin c cu chuyn nh sau: Hng Nghim
thng hiu thin kinh vn quyn nhng vn l ngi cha ng o. Mt hm Quy Sn n v ni: Anh tht l thng minh ti tr nhng hy ni cho ti bit, anh t u m c?. Hng Nghim v lc tung ht tt c sch v tm cu tr li. i n cng cu hi y l v tr ny t u m c. Khng t tr li c ng tm n Quy Sn v cu khn: Xin h m cho ti ci b mt ca li ni ny. Quy Sn bo: Nu ta gii thch cho ngi r rng sau ny ngi s on ta. Th l Hng Nghim vt b tt c v qu cuc t. Mt ngy kia sau mi nm, lc ang dy c, ng cuc ng mt ming snh v nht ly qung vo mt bi trc. Ming snh chm phi mt cy trc kh v ngn ln mt ting ngn c bit. Hng Nghim bng ng. ng hiu c ng t u m c, v tr ny t u m c. ng qu xung, ly v pha Quy Sn v bo: S ph, lng tt ca thy tht bao la. Nu ngy y thy gii thch th hm nay lm sao con c c kinh nghim k diu ny. Cng nh cng n m thanh ca mt bn tay, cng n Ta t u m c nu xt v mt kin gii th c th xp vo loi nhn thc mt quy lut ca t nhin. Trit hc hin i gi l quy lut vn ng, vt cht l lun vn ng, vn ng l mt thuc tnh ca vt cht. Trit hc hin i,
trit hc phng Ty th tip cn cc quy lut, cc thuc tnh ca vt cht, ca v tr ca s sng... thng qua cc khi nim. Trit hc phng ng ni chung v Pht gio ni ring, khng lm nh vy, cc khi nim lun l vt cn, l tri chng, khng cho con ngi c th mang c tr tu cng nh th xc ca h thm nhp vo cc quy lut c tnh ton v tr. Khi gic ng th mi t bo cng thm m ci quy lut c chng c y. Tn gio no cng vy, ci mc tiu cui cng lun l ng lc khin cc tn theo v phn u. i Pht gio l gic ng, l Nit Bn. Thm mt kin gii na v gic ng l thm mt ht mui th vo bin. Tuy vy, vn khng phi l khng c cch. Chng ta hy th gi nh rng chng ta gic ng, chng ta tu thng vi nhiu php thn thng tuyt diu, tai c th nghe ngn dm, mt c th nhn qua ni non bin c, thn hnh c th i my v gi, ta sng ho quang, tinh thn thng sut khng b bt c mt tr ngi no, to ha lm g cng c th hiu c, ng Thng , nu c, th ngi ung tr vi ng m khng mt cht e ngi v.v... th, lc y, c th ta s nh th no? Bi v cc php thn thng y kh bit, kh gii by, bi v ci i sng tinh thn y hu nh khng th hiu c, khng th kim
chng, khng th xc nhn nn chng ta s tm hiu mt gc khc l xem lc y c th ta s nh th no. Ci g khng bit ch chc chn mt iu rng n s khng ging vi ci c th ta trc . Ci g khng bit ch chc chn mt iu l ta s chng c bnh tt g c. Tht v duyn khi mt bc gic ng m b huyt p, ln tim, ho lao hoc ung th. C th c mt s bnh ngoi khoa cp tnh nh gy xng, rut tha, hoc bnh kit l do ng c nm c m c Th Tn mc phi... cn ngoi ra c th ta l mt s khe mnh n trong sut. Bnh g khng bit ch bnh do tm thn sinh ra nh huyt p, tim mch, stress, mt ng, au u, chng mt, hoa mt, suy nhc, au khp, i ng... s khng bao gi mc phi. Ngi mc phi, th nu gic ng xong bnh ny cng s bin mt. Chc chn l nh vy ri. Chng ta hy hnh dung, nhng bnh trn xut hin do cng thng, lo ngh m c. Ngi gic ng th no khng bit ch chc chn l ngi khng cn bit s, bit lo na. Cuc sng ca h l mt s n sng ca to ha ban cho trong tng giy, tng pht, th hi lm sao huyt p tng cho c? Bnh huyt p l bnh ty y bo khng cha c. Chng ta cha c bng chng nhng vi nhng g bit c chng ta c
xem tip trang 24
23
NGUYN TN C
Tuyt Mng
1. Ngoi hin ma hoa n Chim diu m m mng Rng rng hng bic n Bng trng gy Thu ng. 2. Ngoi sng my ang mng Bng bng ngi qua sng Khi sng chong o mng Tri xanh tri xanh khng 3. Ngoi hin mt a bun Khng bao gi n mun Trong ci i lng lng Bun vui bun nh khng.
VN CNG M
Trong Ngy Gip Tt
Ngi ta ch mai n xun Ti o em vi tng bng pha sau K i em nhng c cu Chuyn i nm c hai mu trng en Mi hai thng ng v bin u hay chp mt bng nghing cui ngy C qu nh chn my D m ngy n len dy trong tim Hai mi nm mt tm Trong x b ph ngng chin chin ku Sng nay lng nh rt nhiu Ti v em bng cht chiu ch li Xin ginh nhau nhng tinh khi mu hoa, pho gia i hn mang...
Cui nm
Cui nm ngi chim th phn Dng bm ln h rn rn nga xe Cui nm c chim va h Ly beer si bt l nh sng ri i l mt cuc rong chi Nan truy c m rng ri hong hn Cui nm rn v linh hn Cui nm ci n m xun huy hong...
tip theo trang 23
GII M NHNG B MT CA THIN NH

th chc chn rng ngi gic ng khng bao gi tng huyt p. Cc bc s tim mch hn cng ng iu ny. V k t ta s c nhng gic ng lun tht ngon, c bit l khng bao gi mng m. Ngi A-nan khi k v nhng gic m ca mnh cho Pht nghe Pht cng bo rng ch Pht ng chng m bao gi. Khng c bt c mt gic m no du tt hoc xu, du lnh hoc c xut hin trong gic ng ngi gic ng. y l ci phn nh ln nh nhoi ca tng bng tri; ci phn ln nht, quan trng nht, tinh hoa nht ca n vn chm di nc cha c bit n. Ch vi mt cht c th nhn thy ny chng ta c th tin rng n rt tht. *** Vi gi nh ny chng ta c th tm tin rng ngi trong mt chc gic ng s t nhn thy nhng chuyn bin k l cha tng bit n xy ra trong c th mnh. N r rng nh ngi Hu Kh ni, N thng bit r rng, ngn t ni khng ti! N thy c s s nh ngi Hu Nng ni Ai d..., n cng trn y xc cm nh ngi Bt Ty i khng vng, hc u vo ct nh my ln, v n nh khc sut ba m ba ngy v n. Thin s V Mn Hu Khai sau su nm min mt, mt ngy n khi nghe ting trng bo gi cm tra s hot nhin i ng v ng khu bi k sau:T ri quang my tnh sm dy vang lng. Mi vt trn t, mt bng thy ht. Mun hng nghn ta ci u lm l. Ni Tu-di cng nhy ma vui mng. S c Thin S Nguyt Lm n chng. Khi m m t ci khc bit ca mnh trong giy pht trc v giy pht sau bng nhng hnh nh nh th, sm dy vang lng, ni Tu di cng nhy ma, th ta bit l nhng cm gic rt c th r rng nh thy trc mt, s bng tay, hon ton khng c mt cht no ca tm thc. N khng ging nh Archimede hoc Newton reo ln sung sng nhng rt d t t v v tim hoc tai bin mch mu no, ngi gic ng th khc hon ton. V ci trng thi ny th s v minh hay gic ng, nit bn hay a ngc, thnh hay phm, ma hay Pht, sn si hay bung x, ng hay v ng, th gii vt cht l thng hay v thng... no c g quan trng! Mi pht giy l mi n sng m to ha ban cho. Cc php thn thng cng u c g l quan trng bi bn thn h l mt thn thng tuyt diu nht. Trong trng thi tnh lng, yn vui y tai ta s
nghe tt c m thanh k diu ca to ha, t ting chim ht n iu nhc disco inh tai nhc c, t ting ca chi cy ang vn ln n m thanh ca cc v tinh t xa xi. Nm 761 vua Tc Tng nh ng thnh Hu Trung n kinh phong lm Quc s. Sut trong ln yn kin vua hi ng nhiu cu, tuy nhin ng khng h nhn vua ly mt ln. Vua gin mi bo Trm l Thin T nc i ng, sao thy khng mt ln h c nhn n trm? Hu Trung tr li B h c nhn thy h khng trn kia chng? C. H khng c nhy mt vi b h khng? Ci tm th hon ton khng thuc v thc nhng bit r l mnh ng vi v tr, ha vi c cy rt tht y, khoa hc hin i, tm l hc hin i hon ton cha bit n. C tht vy khng, khng bit, ch c mt iu chc chn l ta s nghe r nht nhng ting ni t trong ca c th ta. Chnh y l b n ca cc bc gic ng. Gn nh tt c u bit giy pht mnh ra i v tt c u bnh thn n nhn. Ni nh vy l hi xa cch, trng thi ny th ci cht v ci sng khng h c phn bit. Hay mt iu l n khng cn n mt cht no ca thc xc tn iu . Chng ta, ngi i vn hay ni v s thanh thn khi cht, chun b cho ci cht, xem ci cht ta lng hng, th nhng xem ci cht nh ang sng m khng cn n mt cht thc no th ch c ngi gic ng. Tm li, ni chung, vn l chuyn.. nh l chng
ta xem phim khng long! Tt c da trn mt t xng ct ha thch li ch khng long sng th no, ku rng th no th chng ai bit. Cc nh khoa hc ang tm cch ti sinh n. Gic ng cng vy, cc Pht t u ang ch Nh Lai xut hin mc du tinh thn Pht gio khng xem iu lm trng. Hnh nh n lc con ngi bt u hiu c gi tr ca mt bn kia trong hot ng ca b no, mt tnh lng, khng hot ng nhng
li v cng tnh thc. Con ngi ngh ra hng trm phng php th dc cho c th, th nhng mt phng php th dc cho tinh thn th hu nh cha ai ngh n. May sao con ngi c phng php thin nh t hn 2500 nm trc, tuy b lng qun hoc ng nhn nhiu iu nhng cui cng chc chn n s c nhng ng gp tch cc cho cuc sng v vn minh nhn loi trong thin nin k th ba ny. H TRUNG T
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BC CHN KHNG BIT TH

TRNH THANH THY
thiu i mt phn no thn th ca mnh mi bit thng k diu, sinh con ngi, li ban tng y cc c quan cn thit hu dng trong mi trng hp. i khi v cuc sng, v mu sinh tt bt m chng ta qun chm sc chnh ta, l ng vi phn tinh thn, khng bit chnh ci phn y iu khin mi sinh hot sinh l hng ngy trn c th ta. T ngy ti n vi Pht Php, th ng gii v sinh hot vi Xm Da, mt chi nhnh ca Pht Gio Lng Mai, ti nh c dn sang cn nh mi. Cn nh c nhng cnh ca knh thng sut ti c th nhn ra khp bn phng bng nhng bc chn thin hc. Nhng bui sng tm bnh yn theo nhp th. Ting chim ht lu lo bn mun vn ting ng ngoi kia khng lm tm ti rn. Nhng ngy h, nng rc, tp ci trong thnh thi, ti thy mnh nh a b khng ngh ngi, n o, lo lng, tm trng nh t giy. Bt cht ti ngy th, v ti, hin ho. Ti c hc ci, th, bc, i, tr v trong an lc. Trong cn nh thng yu y, lc no cng rn vang ting ci ni
n cn, li chia s nhng kinh nghim tu tp qu bu. Ti yu nht l gi Php Thoi. C mi bi hc Chnh Nim, ti hc hoi m thc tp vn khng thng. Th ra, th vo, d th, m i lc trong cn gin d ti qun th, tp nim ln chim tm hn. Hc bc vng chi m lc li xe, th khng ch tm li xe, u c u u. M c sch nh mt qun tnh, n ni va i va c, t ch tm vo bc mnh i, qun pht thin hnh. V th l bc chn thiu chnh nim xy ra. Ngy n, 22 thng T, ti t v chn bc ht mt bc ca pha sau nh khi mt mi u trn ca gara. C t kh nng, tuy khng gy xng nhng quo mt c chn, khin ti khng th ng dy sau 20 pht. Ch ni trong vi ting ng h, bn chn ti sng v, chn tri ti tr nn bt khin dng. Ti ch cn bit nm mt ch p , t chn cao ln cho mu bt dn xung, cho bt sng. Ln u tin trong i phi dng nng i li, tht kh khn v bt tin bit bao nhiu. Khi y, mt nhn, u ngh, mun ly ci ny, lm ci kia m bt lc, mi bit bt c ci g trn ngi mnh cng cn. Ti
khng cn tha cho im xui m t trch mnh thiu thc tp chnh nim. Li S ng cn vang vt u Bc vng chi, i trong chnh nim, lm ti xu h. Ngay n ngha en ca s bc, ti cn cha vng chi ni g n ngha bng. Ngy , 22 thng T, ngy ca M t, ngy chn ti t ln t M mt cch l l nn ht hng. Cng l ngy quc t dnh cho Tri t (Earth Day). Ngy c dng truyn cm hng cho nhn thc v nh gi cao mi trng t nhin ca M t. Ngy m nhn loi tm gc li nhng cng vic hng ngy, nhng lo lng bun phin suy ngh v hnh ng cho th gii t nhin m chng ta ang sng. Ngy ma ng va dt chuyn sang xun, cy ci ny chi ra l mi. Ngy mi ngi thng t chc cc hot ng nhm mc ch bo v mi trng hoc t chc trng cy xanh, thu gom rc thi, sao cho mi trng sng xanh sch p.
Tht xu h cho ti M t cho ti mt ch t chn bng an n th m ti cng khng t cho ng ch. Bi Sm Php a Xc ti c mi ln hp mt, c m nh khng. Thing ling l vy, p l vy mi ln ly xung, tip xc vi t tip nhn nng lng vng chi v v y ca t m nh khng. Thing ling l vy, p l vy, mi ln ly xung, tip xc vi t tip nhn nng lng vng chi v v y ca t. t m ly mnh v gip mnh chuyn ho v minh, kh au v tuyt vng th m ti nh khng hc. S ng dy Th i con, Tp th vo, thc v c th mnh v nhn su vo c th thy rng mnh l Tri t, v tm thc mnh cng l tm thc ca Tri t. C l t hm nay, sau ln bc ht, ti phi tp i, bc nhng bc vng chi trong chnh nim, nhng bc chn bit th.
NG TNH YN
Chuyn mt cn
i lm lc tng cn li mt nhiu khi ng mt ha ra cn cn mt, chng ai tn ti mi vic chi au n chuyn mt cn.
i vn th Thin
Hiu
i khng hiu th cn chi phi hiu my vn bay u cn bit v u sng c tri no k n nng su trng cn sng - th thi l .
Hi ng v u?
m nm mng thy nhn duyn trao trang nh mnh c huyn nhim au chm u phy ni no? x nhn gian li ng vo trn gian qua cha ng m hi han sao khng tm sc gp trng li lim? cui i nh nh cnh chim d cn nghe nng tri tim yu ngi. Loay hoay duyn cn ri Loay hoay cng ht ngy ri mu sinh cm o ct ci gian nan Loay hoay m nng tn bin sng cng tn, vng cng phai Loay hoay cng ht i ny c khn cng vy, di hoi cng xong Loay hoay th cng mt vng m hay dng cng v thng th thi! Loay hoay duyn cn ri cho t cng hn, tri cng in c thn, c m, c huyn loay hoay ti thy ti thin... l sao?
(Trch thi tp Thin nh vo i)
i my nh
Hai mi ti bc vo i tri tim hm h ht li bnh minh Ba mi ti lc vo tnh tri tim khao kht dm hnh bng qua Bn mi ti chm vo gi tri tim mt mi nhng hoa mng bun Nm mi ti chm vo hn tri tim gng go tng cn bit yu Su mi ti rt vo chiu tri tim thin nh nhng iu mng manh By mi ti tr v mnh tri tim thng tch hi sinh u thi. Cuc i cuc hn cuc chi tri trm nm rng cuc ci vu v.
(Trch thi tp Thin nh vo i)
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Ci chng #1, 2004 - Tranh NGUYN MAN NHIN
NGY
XUN
C LI
S
Tn tht: NGUYN VIT TRUNG. Sinh nm 1956 ti Nha Trang, Khnh Ho. Nh th; nh nghin cu vn ha dn gian; Hi vin Hi Vn hc Ngh thut Khnh Ha; Hi vin Hi Vn ngh Dn gian Vit Nam. Hin cng tc ti tp ch Nha Trang. Tc phm: TH KHNH HO 1975 - 2000 (NXB Vn Hc, 1999), ng tc gi. TUYN TP TH KHNH HA 2000 - 2005 (Hi VHNT Khnh Ha xut bn, 2006), ng tc gi. Vn ha phi vt th Khnh Ho (NXB Vn ha dn tc, 1999), ng tc gi. KHNH HO - DIN MO VN HA MT VNG T (7 tp, 1988 - 2006), ng tc gi. NGH TRUYN THNG KHNH HO (Hi Vn ngh dn gian Vit Nam xut bn, 2001) A CH KHNH HO (NXB Chnh tr quc gia, 2003), ng tc gi Tm hiu gi tr lch s v vn ha truyn thng Khnh Ho 350 nm (NXB Chnh tr quc gia, 2003), ng tc gi. DIN MO VN HA KHNH HO (NXB Chnh tr quc gia, 2003), ng tc gi. T V NGI DUYN HI MIN TRUNG (NXB Tng hp TP. H Ch Minh, 2004), ng tc gi. T DINH THI KHANG N TNH KHNH HA (Hi VHNT Khnh Ha xut bn, 2004), ng tc gi. VN NGH DN GIAN KHNH HA - TC GI, TC PHM (Hi VHNT Khnh Ha xut bn, 2006), ng tc gi
X TRM (1) HNG

CA
QUCH TN
NGUYN MAN NHIN
inh ra v ln ln Bnh nh, nhng ngi thi s ca MT TM LNG, ca MA C IN li c hn na i ngi gn b vi Nha Trang, Khnh Ha, vng t m ng knh yu nh b Ngha mu(2), vng t m ng tri tm tnh thit tha, thnh thc(3) trong rt nhiu sng tc ca mnh. V khng ch trong th. Ci tn X TRM HNG thi v ha t ngun li lm sn ni ting bao i nay ca Khnh Ha cn l nhan mt tp vn xui c sc ca ng, xut bn ln u tin ti Si Gn nm 1969, n nay hn 40 nm vn c ng o bn c xa gn mn m. Tuy ni LI THA u sch, tc gi d dt minh xc rng mnh khng c tham vng vit mt quyn a phng ch, m ch lm cng vic ghi chp li nhng g thy, nghe, cm trong my mi nm sng cng non nc Khnh Ha(4), nhng sut c gn 500 trang giy, ngi bt ti hoa, lch lm ca ng ng trn vai ngi hng o nhit thnh a ta i thm th, tm hiu hu khp mi mt ca a phng, t a l, lch s, kinh t, vn ha n phong tc, vt sn, cc thng cnh c tch, cc nhn vt hu danh v.v... Nh vy, theo cch hiu thng thng, vn c th coi X TRM
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HNG l mt quyn a phng ch v t nc, con ngi Khnh Ha, nhng y cn vi ci nhn v bt php th hin ca mt nh th giu xc cm v tm huyt. Gi tr ca X TRM HNG c l khng phi nhng ti liu v dn s, v cao ca ni non, chiu di ca sng sui, sn lng khai thc cc ngun li kinh t trong tnh... mc d tt c nhng iu ny u c tc gi ghi chp cng phu, cn k. Vi gi gn t liu truyn thng, ghi chp s tch cha ng, tn vinh nhng gi tr tt p ca qu hng, con ngi nghin cu ca Quch Tn dng nh chn cho mnh mt cch tip cn t gic vn ha dn gian. ng tm v nhng g c th chng ta lng qun, mt mt, nhng du tch, nhng vang bng mt thi. Mi trang sch nh m ra mt on ng, mt mnh t, mt khong tri qu hng ti p, ni hin thc v huyn thoi an dt vo nhau tng chng, ni nh mt nh vn, ch no ta cng thy phng pht hnh nh ca ngi xa, vng vng ting ni ca ngi xa. Hy c X TRM HNG c cng thi s ln tn thng ngun nghing mnh trc v p trm hng, d di ca nhng thc Hm, thc Vng, thc Dng Xay, thc Nht... ri tr v xui theo dng sng Nha Trang chy thanh thn gia ng bng xanh mt m ci tn sng nhc nh ta xa kia hai bn b ngt ngn lau lch mc y(5). Hy c X TRM HNG c cng thi s do khp dy qun sn him tr ca Khnh Ha, t trn chon von nh o i Lnh nghe cu ht ca khch a tnh bui trc: Bc chn ln o C/Trng sang Vn Gi/ Ng li Tu Bng...(6) n v thm nghim, huyn b ca dy Hn B (tng truyn l ni Hnh cung
ca n thn Thin Y A Na) quanh nm chm ngp trong bin my trng xa (7). Hy c X TRM HNG c cng thi s n Trng Bi n c, ln rng m ca rnh xem voi, xung h X thng thc ch kh (8), c tn hng ci th ung nc da m theo tc gi cng ging nh ung tr ung ru, phi bit cch ung mi thng thc trn vn chn v chn hng (9), bit m lng ra n ci gi Khnh Ha ma no cng c hng trm n hin. Ngi thc khuya thng hay bt gp lc tri trong (10), v cng ng tr thnh k bng quang, bt knh trc nhng nh n am miu, nhng c t danh lam, vi thi gian ang ngy cng thm u, hoang ph! Hy c X TRM HNG bit rng ngay gia lng thnh ph Nha Trang ta ngang dy dc hin gi, xa kia tng c mt rng mai Phc Hi, ma xun hoa n nh c vng (11), v bn cnh rng mai, cn c rng dng liu m mng bung lc t y Nha Trang cn ni danh l mt min thy dng ct trng (12). Hy c X TRM HNG hiu thm v cuc t i a ca Nha Trang, ni sng bin bn b bao bc, v y bn hn ni tng hnh bn con th t hp li gi gn anh kh (13) cho cuc sng con ngi. Hy c X TRM HNG gi mi trong tm tng mt m giao tha Thp B, vo ci thi khc t tri giao cm y ni non trng bic thm, sng bin trng trong thm. V nhng chm cy mung he hai bn ng, nhng khm lau khm da ni bi vng, y c c om m, ta h bao nhiu sao trn tri u sa xung ng ni cy ci (14). Gia bao nhiu bin thin, thay i ca cuc i,
Quch Tn gi li cho ta hnh nh mt Nha Trang ng ha cng l cy v dnh lin vi lng qu ng rung, nhng cao c bit th ph x ch cn l nhng vt trng, vt xm, vt thp thong trong sc xanh ca cy ca ni ca tri (15), mt Nha Trang ca l me, l chnh rut lc c bay. Chiu chiu chim n ln tng by p chun chun trong sng mng (16), Nha Trang ca nhng o xim... ln lt bin thnh nm sc my bay chn vn trn ngn cy c th (17), Nha Trang ca mi hng rng bay theo gi, c ri khng (18). Mt di non sng gm vc t o C n Cam Ranh, tng chng ni u cng gp nhng cnh quan thin nhin k th, nhng di tch lch s, nhng du vt ca mt nn vn ha xa xm, nhng cu ca, iu h, chuyn k dn gian m mu huyn hoc, nhng ngc ngch ca con ngi, lng xm, tp tc, sinh hot... tt c, di ngi bt tinh t v tm hn nhy cm ca nh th u hin ln sinh ng, ti ri nh mt bc tranh khm nhiu mu sc.
C nhn tng phn bit hai hnh thc vn chng: vn chng trc thut v vn chng cm hng. Vn chng trc thut vn l s trng ca nh hc gi, cn vn chng cm hng l ca vn gia, thi s. Li thy ngi ta thng ni, h lm th hay th vit vn khng hay. iu ny chc l khng ng, li cng khng ng vi trng hp Quch Tn. T NC NON BNH NH n X TRM HNG, hai tc phm c tnh cht bin kho ny ca mt ngi lc sinh thi tng c coi l cy c th him hoi cn li trong cnh rng i ngn th Vit (19) chng t ng chng nhng c ti v th m cn c ti v vn na.
NGUYN MAN NHIN
CH THCH: (1) Quch Tn, X Trm Hng, Hi Vn hc Ngh thut Khnh Ha ti bn ln th hai, 2002. (2) T mc (2) n mc (18) u trch dn X Trm Hng, sch dn ch thch (1). (19) Th V, Con ra vng ca th Vit hin i, tp ch Vn ha & i sng, thng 9/1992, trang 58.
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V QU N TT
V NGN SNG
vo nm tn thng tn, bn ting gin d trn y rt d khin tm khm con ngi Vit Nam xao xuyn. Ngi ang sng trong nc cng vn c ho hc v qu, cho d qu qunchng xa xi g. Cn ngi sng nc ngoi th hai ting v qu d gi ci cm gic chng nhng ho hc hn, li cn lm khi bn chn quay qut. M v qu n Tt th ci
cm xc cn ro rc bit chng no. Tt! Mt ting ngn ngn y thi i vi tm hn Vit Nam l c mt th gii mnh mng nhng nim vui, nhng hoi nim ha quyn vo nhau trong mt th sc v cng tm linh gn nh thn b. Th nh li xem, k t ngy ta c tr khn, mi mt ln Tt l thm mt
ln trong k c ca ta li ng thm mt tnh t, mt hoi nim, mt d phng mi. M nhng th ng li c khi sut i ta th chng ln lao g u. B qun o mi nm no cha m sm cho, my mi nm sau nh li vn nghe thm mi vi mi. Nhng bao l x Tt no kia vn rc trong tr c lc tui v chiu. Pht giao tha nm no nn th ch nghe ting con vt no ra i. Sng mng
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mt Tt no c ngn gi ma xun vn nh mi tc ngi con gi u tin ta yu, c li ta t tnh u ngng nghu lng tng. Ci nm tay ngi yu lc ga bit ta ra chin trn ngy Tt y.Nhng khm mai vng rc l li trong nng sm. Ting pho n ngai vm sng, xa trong thn xm xa lm ri, sao vn m vang tn Tt ny. Ba cm gia nh quy qun m p, mm cng ng b t tin thing ling, ri gng
mt nhn nheo m sng r nt ci ca ng b ta, ca cha ta m ta; nhng mn n ngy Tt ln u ta bit thng thc ci hng v ngon lnh Mi mt con ngi Vit Nam tng sng Tt Vit u c c mt kho tng k c Tt .Trong ci kho tng c nhng hnh nh, m sc ta ta nhau v v vn nhng hnh sc Tt ring t, c nht ca mt ngi m thi. Ti nh v Tt khng
ging nh bn nh Tt, nhng chc chn bn v ti u nh Tt Vit ca chng ta. Tt Vit vi tt c cht Tt truyn thng liu c c ngoi nc Vit khng? Nhiu nm tha hng, ti vn khng dm xc quyt mt cu tr li. Ch dm ni rng nhng ngy Thanksgiving hay Christmas ni ny, sau nhng gi pht n l vui vy, ti bc ra v, nhn ng
ph vng v n hiu ht ti hay mi lng nh Tt v quay qut mun v qu n Tt. Nm mi bt u ni ny r, nhng qu hng Vit Nam ca ti nm ang tn tn ang rn rng cho Tt. Chc thm mt ln na, ti li v qu n Tt y, bn i! V NGN SNG (San Diego, thng Chp Qu T ( 2013)
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TT MIN TY!
NGUYN NH BN
Hnh: NGUYN NH BN
hi nhng ngn gi chng thi t nhng ca sng vo nhng dn cho gi bc r ro trn nhng tn l da, t tre, ma nc ni dn xa, khng kh bt u se se lnh, nhng lung hoa ch Tt mn mn m n vng, cng l lc khng kh no nc trn ngp khp cc lng qu vng ng bng Nam b. La np mn xong, nhng rung da hu tri trn quay lp l u b, trc sn nh, cy mai vng x xc rng l gi c bn tay ngi ta sch sau ngy rm thng chp, ch bung n ng giao tha. m bt u c ting thm thch khp ni. l ting chy qut bnh phng vang ng trong khp xm lng. y l loi bnh c trng ca min Ty nam b, bnh c lm t np do nu chn b vo ci , gi v qut cho tht nhuyn, chung vi nc ct da, ri ngt tng vin c nm tay dng ng tre cn mng ra thnh hnh trn, ng knh c 20cm, dy mt ly. Ku l bnh phng, v khi trn la nng n phng ln c chiu dy ln vng trn v c mi thm, ngt, bo rt hp dn, nht l vi tr con. Ngi min Ty n Tt
di ngy, 23 m lch cng a ng To v tri th pho lai rai n, ngi i lm n xa rc rch v nh, cng gia nh trang hong nh ca, chi l hng, qut vi tng hay qu th tt a, tt mng bt c trng li ch n tt. Hai chn hoc ba mi tt cng tt nin th phn ng gia nh mt con chu v t hi. Trong mm cng ngy tt, trn bn th t tin ngoi mm ng qu nht thit cn c nhng tri da hu da xanh um, trn to, cng to cng tt, v ngi ta mua nhng ming giy chng 2x2cm hnh vung, c ch phc hay ch ti, ch lc dn ln. Mm ng qu cng kh l c bit, bi ngi min Ty thng by trong cc mn tri cy m khi c ln m ca n nh mt li cu chc. Ngoi ni chui, cn l cc loi tri nh mng cu, da, u , xoi hay tri sung. C th c thnh cu da (va) xi (tri xoi)! Mt phong tc min Ty, m cc vng khc khng thy, l chiu ba mi Tt, ngi ta bi ghe hoc xung ra gia sng, mc c dng nc sch nht y vo nhng lu, khp ng nc, coi nh mt cu mong nm mi tht y, vin mn. V sau mm cm tt nin y cc mn thnh son
tht, c, ru v hoa tri cng ng b, c nh quay qun vui v i n giao tha th t pho mng xun mi Sng mng mt tt cng nh mi min, ngi ln n mc ng hong cng ng b, tr con khoe o qun mi ch nhn l x v i chi cc ni cng cng hoc nh c d ch bc ch khng n nh ngi l v s h king c. V nhng ngy tip theo, cc sng bu cua, bi co, x dch ni no cng thy, v nhiu nht vn l nhng bn nhu, ni cnh n ng, thanh nin mc sc say xn n qua rm! Nhng dng m t trn l ni v ci Tt min Ty cch y trn 30 nm v v trc. Ngy nay, ci m thanh v hng v tt khc xa v nhiu th mai mt dn. Pho cm t, bnh phng chng cn ai qut, ngun nc nhim nng n nn khng my ai cn ung nc sng. Nhng ch hoa vn cn, hoa rc r trn khp cc bn sng, trn nhng chic ghe nh vn ch hoa ra ch Tt. V con chu i lm n xa cng nm np tr v, khin quc l t Si Gn v min Ty nm no cng kt cng ngi xe.
Hnh: NGUYN NH BN
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i khi bn nghe mt dng nhc, v nhng m vang ny c th i theo bn ti c i. N lng vng trong tr nh, ni u , c khi n xung v ri mt m no , mt bui chiu no , dng nhc li hin ln vi nhng nt nhc lm ton thn bn rung ng. Ti tri qua nhng kinh nghim tng t. Khng hon ton nh th. Khng, khng phi l nhc. Ti a thch nhc, nhng khng gii v nhc, cng khng say m m nhc kiu b n b ng. Ngay c sau khi ti i d mt bui ha nhc rt xut sc, vi nhng nhc s ti qu trng, v nhng ca khc ca h trnh din bi cc ca s tuyt vi ti a thch... nhng dng nhc c theo ti thoang thong trong tr nh, v ch hm sau l qun. Ht nh l, ti a tay chp bt c nhng dng nhc chy theo trong tr nh, v ri nm ra xa tht mnh, th l cho qun bin bit cn c th gi lm chuyn khc. Tr nh l ci g rt l b him. C nhng ci chng ta mun lu gi, th li qun, v ngc li. Ni chung, v m nhc, ti ch l mt k i t, tuy rng cng bit thng thc ni thng thc cng l iu nn d dt. V ch bit c nhc hay, c nhc d, c nhc trung bnh. V th thi, khng nhiu hn, v cng khng gii thch ni v sao nhc ny hay,
nhc kia d. Th l, nh da ct m nghe. i khi cng l iu tt. Nn lm. V c mt ln, mt anh bn nhc s sng tc ni vi ti rng, anh t sng cho n ti, cho ti c trong gic ng... lc no cng nghe cc dng nhc vang trong u. Ti nghe v lo s. V i khi ti lm th, i khi vit truyn... nhng h ni ngng, l thi, tt c cc dng th v truyn khng quy ri mnh na. Ti ngh, trong khi nhng dng nhc ui theo anh ta c ngy m nh th, ri ng tim m cht l s b dng nhc nng chng ln tc khc, v a chng ti sanh vo mt gia nh cng say m m nhc; nh th, c khi cng nn nu chng mun th, nhng c khi ch li bn rn thm mt i tng t. l, ch ngh linh tinh thi, nhng lm sao dm ni ra. Thm na, ni nhng chuyn ngoi khoa hc vt l l ci g nn d dt. Trong khi , ti ch ngc nhin v, thnh thong phng pht quanh ti l mt mi hng l, theo c nhiu thp nin n thoang thong u , ri c lc n, lc hin. Mi hng l nh t tri xung. Mi hng l y, khng phi mi nc hoa u, cng khng phi kiu vn chng m ngi ta a ni l mi hng giai nhn hay mi hng con gi tuy rng, ng l c hnh nh mt c b ni y.
Ni ng ra, c hai cm gic chy theo ti nhiu thp nin. Nhng ti mun ni mi hng trc, v nh th mi tinh t. V cm gic kia l nm bn tay, khi mt ln ti cht nm tay mt c bn gi, v tay ti nh in git t nhin rt v. Chnh ngay lc , ti ngi th mt mi hng t cn gi nh trong sn cha thong qua. V hai cm gic, mi hng v ci nm tay bt cht theo ti gn trn c i. Khng c u. Bt cht nm tay thi. C ti v c b khng bit g hn l mt ci nm tay. ng ra, c hnh nh mt i mt na, c mt b tc, c mt t o trng, c l, i khi trong m. * Nhng ti thch ni v mi hng hn. V mi hng tinh t hn, cn cm gic nm tay li c v th th th no. Mt ln, ti k cho tn bn cng ngi hc thi Cha X Li, hn ci ln h h... ni rng mi ch nm tay l cn d lm. Sau , ti ch mun ni v mi hng thi, cho n c cht th hn. V cm gic s chm, ni ra l d b hiu nhm. Nm , ti 17 tui, vo ngi sn Cha X Li hc thi. C mt nhm bn cng a vo y ngi l la sn cha, v ngi y hc thi l tuyt vi. Tm u ra bng mt di nhng tra nng ngi hc bi. D nhin, l ngi bt xung t, ta lng vo tng... bi v th vin
UI BT MT MI HNG
PHAN TN HI
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cha nh lm, khng c ch, v thng l ng ca hoi. i khi i bng, xung bp xin n cha, nu lc m bn khng ai cn d tin t bi ra mua th g cho c nhm chia nhau n. Trong sn cha c hai nhm, nhm tr l ti ti hc thi; cn nhm gi hn, l cc anh hu ht hc xong i hc, ra i lm. Trong nhm ln tui , c anh lut s Lc, by gi cng Little Saigon, b ngh lut vo ngh bo. l ni ngi gn thi, cn cc bn by gi xa th nhiu lm, k khng ht. C b lc hc Gia Long, sau ti c hai lp -- hay mt lp, khng nh r u. Gi tan trng, c b ng ni hng hin bn hng cha ch ch ti n v nh. Ch ca tam quan cho ngi b hnh vo, ch khng phi ch ca cho xe hi vo sn. Lm sao m ti quen c th khng nh ni. Bi v tn nhc kh kh nht trong nhm l ti thi. C th quen v my tn bn gii thiu. My tn kia th nhanh nhn, ni kho; trong c tn n hay, ht gii, v vn vn. Trong khi ti ngi u l ngi mt ch, a lng l, mt phn cng v thi quen tp thin t nh -- lc , t mua sch v tp thi, cha theo thy no hay dng phi no ht; ch khi vo i hc, mi theo bn ln Cha Ty Tng Bnh Dng. By gi m k chuyn nh ti mt mi hng ra hn l bn n s ci ti tt th, s bo l ng nhn ri. V trong sn cha c cy hoa ngc lan. C
nhng m, my a ng li trong cha, nm di hng hin trn lu, thng c thong du dng mi hoa hoa ngc lan. Cc s cm bn hc tr vo cha ng, nhng chng ti ch ti khong 9 hay 10 gi ti l tro cng bn hng vo cha, ln hin tng chnh in ngi hc bi, ti mt mi ng. Hnh nh ngi hc m hng hin ni sn trn lu, tng chnh in p y ht nh ci no khc. nh sng trng t n hng hin ta xung, my tn ngi hc bi trong khng kh thinh lng, vng v. Cha X Li ch c vi nh s, khng nhiu. i khi mt thy na m bc ra hin, gp, mi vo ly my tri to, tri cam ra cho bn hc tr. Nhng ri s cng dn, trn nguyn tc l cm hc tr vo ng m hin cha, v nh th l phm lut. * ni v mi hng l. Mt bui chiu, lc l chp ti. C b vn cn ng ch ch ti n v. C l v l do g, nn tr lm. Cc n sinh khc v c ri. Khng hiu ti sao bn hc tr lc ch c mt mnh ti. Nh tin nh, mt mnh ti ng, ni chuyn vi c b. Ch c hai a thi. C b bo, by gi chi tr ny nh, nhn vo mt nhau anh nh. Ti ni, a th nhn vo mt nhau. Tri , by gi tc i mu trng phau ri, mi ngh li, thy mnh sao
kh kh chi l. ng di cng tam quan bn hng cha lc lm g c bao nhiu nh sng m nhn. Bng ti nhiu hn nh n. Thm na, con ng bn hng cha ti lm, ch c n ng ni u mt s M sau cha thi. Ti nhn, ch thy mt nng en lnh, tc xa chm vai... Bt cht, khng hiu sao, t nhin ti nm tay c b. By gi nh li, ti ngh, c th lc c b t ng nm tay ti trc. Tay ti nh in chy t rn, ht nhin git li. Mt mi hng t sn cha theo gi bay ra. Ti khng nh chnh xc rng ch c b ti khi no. Cng khng hiu ti sao khng nh. V ch c b i xe Honda dame, h ti l mnh phi thy ch. Khi nhn li, c b bin i ri. * Cm gic t bn tay v mi hng vn theo ti v tn nh m hm . Gic ng ti bng bnh nh bay. Sng dy, mi hng vn thoang thong. Khng phi hng hoa ngc lan. Cng khng phi hng nc hoa hay g ht, v y l hng t sn cha bay ra, ti ngh, hn l hng tri. Nhng, ti sao li hng tri? Khng hiu ni. Hm sau, ti vo sn cha, i khp mi ni, t sn cha, ti chnh in, t thp th vin cho ti nh bp, t hng hin di cng tam quan cho ti ng trn cao, ni u gi v cui gi... tm xem mi hng l u ra. Hon ton khng
hiu c, hon ton khng c mi hng no nh th. Cng l, t hm tr i, c b khng ra ng hin cha na. C th l c ch ti n ngay trc cng, ng gi hn. Cng c th, c ch ry ti sao ng ni hng hin ti di cng cha... x hi ny bt trc lm. V cng c th, c b khng mong i l ti kh kh nh th. Nhiu thp nin sau, khi c nhiu v xem phim nhiu, ti nghim ra rng, theo ng kch bn truyn v phim, lc l phi m hn. Th th liu qu. Ri ti cng tin rng, h php khng mun ti liu nh th, ai m m hn ni cng cha nh... Hay mi hng l l mt cch ngn cn kho lo, v mun lm ti khng li? Ai m bit c. * Lin tc hai k thi hai bc T Ti, ti u u d dng. Ngi lm bi thi, i khi ti cht thy mi hng l . Nhng lc nh th, c bt cht, ti ngng u ln, nh ch i nhn thy i mt ca c b. Nhng khng, khng phi. V ngh ti bn tay nm tay c b, cm xc khi li, mnh nh ti mi. Trong cc bui ngi thin ban m hay rng sng, mi hng vn thoang thong quanh ti. V khi ngh ti bn tay, cm gic vn y rung ng. Ti khng bit lm sao kt thc nhng cm xc lng ng ni mi hng v bn tay nh th. Ng khc c th gi mi hng khi ngi thin l
mu nhim, hay linh tinh g khc. Nhng ti bit khng phi. Mnh phi chy trn mi hng ny ch, ti ngh th. Ti thuc bi Bt Nh Tm Kinh, bit r rng mi hng v cm gic bn tay nm bn tay cng nm trong nhm sc thanh hng v xc php, v nh th cng u l khng. Th nhng, ti t hi, ti sao vi mnh li l c? M li c nh tht, nh thit. H ngh ti l hin ra. Ti cng nh li Kinh Pht dy l ng lu luyn cc cm th qu kh, v ng c v vi g cho cm th tng lai. Nhng lm sao c, v mi hng vn bay quanh ti, thoang thong. Lin tc hai ma h, ti ngi ni gh sn cha. Cng khng thy c b u ht. Ti ngh, tuy l ngh h, nhng l ra c b phi i xe p ti thm cha, ni c b ph bit l c ti ang ngi ch. Nh c b cng no c xa u, ch loanh quanh trong xm Bn C thi. Hay l, ti ngh, c th ba m bt buc c b i hc h luyn thi. Ai bit c. C lc ngi gh , thong thy mi hng l , ti bt ng quay u li nhn sau lng. Khng ai ht. Ti hi thng Thnh ang ngi k bn, c thy mi hng g khng. N ni, khng c g c, c th l mi hng trn chnh in bay xung, hay my nhm vi mi du c
xem tip trang 45
MT ON TH XUI TRCH T 1990

L BI, Th K 21, s 16, 1990
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nm sau. Bc th nh vn y ngp ngng, lo s. Nhng dng ch gi t mt th gii u u. Cnh ca Vit Nam ca thi k i mi trng ging nhng l bi p m. ng kn chnh tr nn ngi ta khng cn nh tng lai. M ca kinh t nn ngi ta quay cung gian ln vi hin ti Chng cn my ai mun nhc n n bom v nhng triu xc ngi. Nhng h bom cha kp tr li mu xanh, th rng rm ng Dng cng ln lt bin mt cho nhp iu dn s, s khai ph, lng tham, ci t. Na th k mi y, mt na Vit Nam l rng xanh nhit i. Nm 2000, Lin Hip Quc tin on, rng Vit Nam s ht. Qu hng cn mu xanh chng? Con ngi cn hy vng chng?
xem tip trang 24
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Suy t chn nu
KAO NGUYN
H NI
NHNG NGY GIP TT
Ba bi th Xun Kao Nguyn

H Khng L
H khng l nhng mi hng Ca hoa o y, bnh bng vo xun H khng l nhng phai tn Ca nhn gian y tri dn cng my H khng l nhng pht ny Bn tay ta nm bn tay ca ngi H khng khe mt mi ci H khng l nhng cuc i h khng! H khng ngi li h khng Ri h khng vi h khng chia la!
hi gian ang lng l nhch dn v Tt Nguyn n. Chng my chc na l c dn tc bc sang thm nm mi! Nhng dng nh, mi ci ang chuyn ng mt cch mi mt v chm chp. Khng cn thy cnh tng nh nm ngoi, gi ny tm ny, ngi ta sc si ro rit cho nm mi. Vi vng lm! Nm nay th khc qu! Hnh nh chng my ai vi vng na! C l h hiu, c vi vng cng chng kp, nn thi, l vy! C ci g m vi vng u c ch! Vi vng cng chng lm g! Xun nm nay dng nh b th ht hi? Mt nm c qua i, khp li vi qu nhiu chuyn, nhiu vn m bo ch truyn thng ng ti thng tin. Mt nm bun, khng thiu lnh vc no. H ly t cn bo khng hong kinh t chng? Nhng gnh nng, nhng p lc ang nng trn vai mi s phn con ngi.
H Ni nhng ngy ny, rt m, rt hi li cng tng thm ci v u m qunh hiu cho quanh cnh nhng bc thm cui cng ca nm c sp i qua. Cha thy xut hin cnh tng tp np hng ha hai bn ng nh mi nm. Khung cnh vn u hiu qunh qu! Nh ting th di u lo php phng cho mt nm mi ang cn k! Ai bit s tt p hn hay nh th no so vi nm t nc nhiu chuyn bun ny? Vn cu mong v d dt hy vng cho mt nm mi, ng nh nm nay, ton tin xu! Mong vy!
Suy t chn nu
Xun th vo hoa, mi m chi khp chn Hng sc phai tn, vo qu, chn nu suy t!
Th Gi M Cha
Ma xun n ni ri M con th vn xa xi th ny i con l chui ngy say Ri nh sng khi, my bay ngang tri Cuc i tha thch vui chi Trn gian ch c mt ngi nh con Chi cho sng cn mn Phong hoa tuyt nguyt dp dn quanh nm Mai sau thn xc mun nm Con v t li n nn bu thy! Nhn trong khe mt ong y Trng lau mi tc vai gy run run Con mi gi chn chn Ng ngoan di t m thm m ru Th l v ci thin thu Thy bu vn gi thng cu tha no Gi xanh, c ngt vy cho a con lc li nm no v qu!
Kao Nguyn qua ng knh nhip nh gia: IMICHAEL TRAN www. imichaelphoto.com
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BUDDHIST REVELATIONS
FOR THE MODERN WORLD
Letter to the Worlds Intellectuals from Bhiksu DUC NHUAN Translated into English by Pham Kim Khai & final edit by Chris Dunk.
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INTRODUCTION The Most Venerable Thich Duc Nhuan was a highly accomplished and respected Buddhist Monk, leader and scholar of International significance during the tumultuous changes experienced by Vietnamese Buddhism from the 1920s and into the 21st century. His life was led to the background events of his country throwing off of the colonial domination of the French through its war of independence prior to and after WW2, the Japanese occupation during WW2, and the division of the country into North and South Vietnam in the 1950s. He lived through the political turmoil and religious suppression during the Vietnam War era in the 1960s and 70s, and the re unification under the Communist Government since 1975. Since then the impact of political events globally and contemporary technology has impacted on once isolated countries world wide with far reaching consequences. His publication Buddhist Revelations for the Modern World is a work that was written around some thirty years ago but his ideas concerning contemporary life are still relevant and display his connection to contemporary life and internationalism. His realisations on the impact to traditional culture of technological change and multi-culturalism and its challenges to us, are written with the aim of enabling us to surmount those challenges using Buddhist philosophy and practice to further hu-
manise us into embracing this new contemporary culture. Most Venerable Thich Duc Nhuan was born in 1924 at Lac Chinh Village, Nam Dinh Province in the North of Vietnam. He left his family to become a Buddhist monk in 1937, and was trained at many Buddhist Institutions. In 1949 he began his work for a as the Deputy Chairperson of Nam Dinh Buddhist congregation. In 1954 he left the northern Vietnam for the south. From 1956-57 he was he worked as the Executive Officer of the Northern Sangha Buddhist Association in the South. In 1959 to 1961 he was the Commissioner for Culture of Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation. From 1960 to 1961 he was re-elected as the Executive Officer of the Northern Sangha Buddhist Association in the South. In 1962-63 he was the General Secretary of the Vietnamese Buddhist Sangha Congregation. In 1963 he was an member of the group Buddhist Monks that protested and was active in opposition to the Republic of South Vietnam Diem Governments anti Buddhist policies and repression of the Buddhist Sangha. In 1964 to 1965 he was the Commissioner for the Censorship of Buddhist publications for the Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation. From 1955-66
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he was the Chief Editor of the Van Hanh the monthly Buddhist research magazine This magazine was a collaboration by all scholars, professionals, poets artists and others, and was the primary publication developing culture and Buddhist philosophical discourse in Vietnam. In 1969 and 70 he was Professor at the Buddhist and Oriental Philosophy Department at Van Hanh Buddhist University. From 1967- 1973, he was the General secretary of the Sangaharaja Institute of the Unified Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation. From 1969-1971 he rebuilt the Giac Minh Temple the central headquarters of the Northern Buddhist Sangha Association. From 1971 to 1972 he was the Chief Editor of Hoa Dao monthly magazine of the Dharma promotion department the Unified Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation. From 1975 to 1981 he was the Abbot of Giac Minh Temple. From 1985 to 1993 the Communist Government of Vietnam imprisoned him due to his perceived opposition to Government policies. He was released in 1993 and spent the remainder of his life at Giac Minh Temple where he continued his work and dedication to the future of Vietnamese Buddhism. In 1999 to 2002 he was invited to keep his position as Advisor to the Leadership Committee of the Unified Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation which he retained to the time of his death that year.
At the end of 2001 The most Venerable Thich Duc Nhuan felt ill and his disciples took him to the Thong Nhat hospital in Saigon. He was given great care by the medical staff but his condition worsened due to his advanced age being now 79 years old and he passed away in peaceful circumstances at 4.55 on the 21st January 2002. Throughout his life from he was devoted to his country and the development of Buddhism. His life was an example of devotion strength and determination under adverse conditions. He promoted and published widely and his writings illuminated and provided explanations concerning Buddhist life, ideas and philosophy to many people in Vietnam and elsewhere. To this day, his legacy of work that he left us still provides a clear path to our own enlightenment. The most Venerable Thich Duc Nhuan published works includes: Spiritual wind (poem), Published by Van Hanh 1959 Essential Buddhism a combined doctrine. Published by Van Hanh 1960. Republished many times in Vietnam and the USA. Transformation of Buddhism for the Modern World. Published by Van Hanh 1967. Buddhist Revelations for the Modern World. Published by Van Hanh 1969. Republished 1995 in USA
and in 2002 in Australia. The Mission of Buddhist Followers for Nation and Buddhism. Published by Vietnamese and International Philosophical Institute California USA. 1995. Planning for Buddhist Civilisation Published by Vietnamese and International Philosophical Institute California USA. 1996. Buddhism and Vietnamese History. Published by Vietnamese and International Philosophical Institute California USA. 1996 republished Saigon 1997. Light of the Faith (poem), Published by Vietnamese and International Philosophical Institute California USA. 1999 The Forty two Chapter Sutra, Published by Giac Minh Temple, 1980 and republished in 1995 The Nirvana Sutra, Published by Giac Minh Temple, 1980 and republished in 1995 Philosophical concepts of the Avatamsaka Sutra, Published by Vietnamese and International Philosophical Institute California USA. 1999 Heading towards the Modern Age, Published by Vietnamese and International Philosophical Institute California USA. 2000 By THCH NGUYEN TANG Melbourne, Summer Retreat 2002
W
e are all engaged in contemporary life with its increasing complexities particularly in these times of constant change. Also, due to the chaos of differing ideologies and dogmas that humankind has been entangled within from the very beginning of civilization we ourselves get caught up with conflicts we have all inherited through culture, race and political ideas. The more we struggle to survive, seek meaning in our lives and increase our efforts to keep up with the constant rate of change inherent on todays life, the more exhausted and further depressed and disheartened we become, feeling more helpless and hopeless. All this contributes to greater loss of confidence in ones self and the world. The effects of this contemporary social phenomena has left its imprints on all and every one of us, and most deeply in the minds and hearts of those of our youth facing an uncertain future. At this difficult and challenging time in history, it is the intellectuals and others who are expected to lead us all out of this impasse of the culmination of time, they are expected to bring relief and lighten the load on the disheartened among us, to bring light into modern life to create significance, meaning and faith. It is essential then to reform our knowledge of, and understanding of this world and phenomena of life itself as it seems for I believe that our common understanding and prevalent views of life in this world is a deformed view created by historians and others that is a one-eyed view restricted due to restricted consciousness. Buddhism on the other hand I am convinced is a supreme philosophy to lead men to happiness and meaning and truth within contemporary life and will widen that view. Looking at our collective history we certainly have shared serious problems due to our debased nature and also due to being governed by those who have led us into insane, collective massacres of fellow human beings through political and economic conflicts. Often these events are motivated by the ill-will of a minority of powerful decision makers and for their own interests, they have bartered other peoples blood and life indifferently, causing human blood wasted in struggles for political power, financial gain and private interests exploiting class, race and cultural issues. Their need for their own survival over the greater good motivates their indifference to others. They seem not to feel what they cause, nor care.
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I am convinced that it is not until man is enlightened in the Buddhist sense and has lost all those insane cravings within our narrowly perceived self and its needs, that we will remain imprisoned within that endless delusional struggle at the expense of others further increasing the social inequality and historical misdirection we have all inherited through time. The Buddhist idea, that of enlightenment is a concept more commonly heard of nowadays than ever before due to the spread of eastern philosophy world wide. It is however greatly misunderstood and poorly explained leading to a perverted view of what it actually means Commonly, enlightenment is thought to be being aware of individual or of class rights and other things of similar earthily meaning. Unfortunately nothing is said of enlightenment, that of being aware of ones own human condition, our relationship with the world, and our responsibilities in society and for life at large and as a
the removal of this common cause of our suffering. Without this grand vision, we can only go halfway at most or be lost. Self-indulgence our great enemy naturally means ones excessive attention to ones self, indifferently shutting out all problems of others and of common life. Individual selfishness, self-indulgence and aloofness are not the signs of an enlightened person. Actually, an enlightened person who has the perfect knowledge, kindness and wisdom, pertaining to Buddhist dharma (law) must do all and everything for those living the common life, have must have an understanding of the causes of suffering and attempt to alleviate that burden through the right thoughts, motivation and action towards lifting that burden. A harmonious world must be founded upon self-understanding, of self-awareness and of our noble transformation through dharma of the Buddha. The life of Buddha, the enlightened one, reveals that his was the right path, due to
keep silent and motionless within Buddhism with such infinite problems facing the world of this life and the effects the planet and all its living things. We must act towards doing something about them. By their fruits shall ye know them. Through this Jewish/Christian biblical saying we can also apply it to Buddhism meaning the fruits of Buddhist thought, the spirit of realism, compassion, wisdom equality and altruism that has conferred many great benefits upon societies wherever it has gone. Buddhism has contributed greatly to persons recovering their inner peace, in resettling social disorder and in creating greater material and social prosperity. By its fruits then people have come to know Buddhism as a tree that bears great rewards for all. History and human culture today, is on the threshold of a great synthesis. Today through the impact of information and technological revolutions we live in a significantly shrunken world, isolatio is
is to find right expression. However the spiritual force that is beyond ones personal individualism, unites us all as a whole and permits the power of the universe, to be simultaneously manifested within all individuals as a whole. Every person has their right to think, ponder and choose how they wish to live, serve others, and in being creative. This idea, may seem to pave the way for an excess of individualism but really it means to be tolerant of others, in accepting others freedom of thought and expression within social bounds. We owe people as social beings the safety of a certain amount of diversity of thought and expression that naturally, does not deny others their own rights through being excessive. These rights needs to be an expression of tolerance and affection as the Indian poet Tagore, said in a letter to Gandhi in 1919:Give me the, supreme courage of love, this is my prayer, the courage to speak, to do, to suffer at thy will, to leave all things or to be left alone. This message
will that be. One being less makes the other nothing. Let this be born, and so will that, born. That this dies makes that ending Buddhist teachings assert that life is a result of cause and effect, and that these are in keeping with natures universal laws. This supreme rule is what Buddhist must always keep in mind, and moreover, for the sake of a modern society where conflicts are stilled and harmony pervades, material needs, ownership, individual and family needs and visions need be in tune with national and international outcomes, as only then can nations live within international humanist ideals. Only then can war come to an end, when living conditions over the world become more level, as reduced class rivalries and conflict within communities and beyond is reduced. Once hostile feelings are negated, cravings gradually become calmed, then, it is only then, that the way to true freedom will be revealed to us as the true religion flowers, through all acting with
whole. There are barely any spoken or written texts in publications or in other media that shed light on what enlightenment actually is. There are plenty of well-meant and well-considered information but still they seem to express views restricted through selfishness privilege, power and pride. Noble enlightenment, on the other hand as Tagore expresses it, is when blow upon blow, pang upon pang you are to be awakened by the spiritual call: Atmanam viddhi Know thyself. (R. Tagore 1917) Prior to any possible personal freedom, one must first remove from themselves feelings of prejudice, pride and selfishness. Ones selfliberation must depend for its full realization, upon
and of his right speech, his right thought and his right conduct. His immense sacrifice to obtain what he achieved, his great renunciation of the restricted world of form and of deeply questioning suffering. The immaculate purity of his life left an indelible imprint upon the minds and hearts of generation after generation of Asian people. It became a message to the whole world, and as suggested by Gandhi For Asia to be not for Asia but the whole world, it has to relearn the message of the Buddha and deliver it to the whole world (Gandhis speech Harijan, 24.12.1938) As long as we are Buddhists then, and our lives owe such inspi ration derived from his, we cannot
now impossible and problems once isolated over much of the globe and from various cultures are overwhelming national boundaries affecting us all. Contemporary people are required to have great personal insight and great tolerance to rid themselves and society at large, of religious, racial and class prejudices and to enable them to remake societies based on greater justice and freedom in a new world. Today many different ethnic groups live side by side in modern cities, and in multicultural nations, greater intercultural tolerance is essential. Personal freedom, that is to be free to be ones self, is an essential life impulse and whose natural destiny
of responsible tolerant individualism was revived through Radhakrishnas inaugural address to the unesco Tagores Centenary Celebrations in Paris.We must take our responsibility to help the coming generations build a new life rational, civilized, human, by destroying the springs of mans actions, which lie deep in Ignorance, Hatred and Selfishness.The Agamas Sutram said, of the forces of cause and effect acting on life; What we are longing for is supreme compassion in action. Upon such a basis can we maintain firm and lasting justice and social equilibrium? When social order is upset and freedom is violated, or vice versa: Let this be, and so
right action. The glory and full bloom of humankinds transcendental self nature will then be experienced. Buddhism has been known for its universal compassion, its humanity, its love, its self-perfection and self-understanding, and especially upon its emphasis upon individual experience, human energy and free will towards ones own self-realization. Its concern with a grand vision of cultural synthesis and merging of ideas. Buddhism is adaptable, peace loving, earthy and practical as well as possessing an imaginative and speculative spirit. Buddhism then can and must bring forth to the modern world greater significance and happiness for all of us.
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By the way, who are those lead us people to the blissful state? The first and foremost are Buddhists or Buddhasto-be. Whether Buddhism can be useful and fruitful to contemporary times depends not upon some canonical scriptures or sutras, but mainly upon those intelligent intercessors that preach the Dharma law as it relates to contemporary times, and adapt themselves to todays social circumstances. They have to emphasize how to make Buddhism up-to-date, they must help to enrich it and enliven it, conveying it to all persons of all walks of life intellectually and socially speaking. Buddhism today can only last if it is adaptable and works harmoniously with the essential demands of modern times. We have heard it that persons of ideological bias or laymen who interpret Buddhism as a religion or philosophy without sympathy as atheistic and nihilistic. Buddhists are described by such persons as standing aloof from secular society, and are there-
fore, reactionary and anti-humanistic. It is fair and right to question Buddhism but consider that Buddhism is not an arrogant dogma that attempts to induce people to believe in it as the only possible belief system. Buddhism must be understood then as the guide that leads people from blindness and desire towards the blissful state of supreme liberation within themselves. Man is to be the master of his own desire. This truly emphasizes ones individual efforts for self-salvation of mastering our more debased self, emotions and desires. The survival and spread of Buddhism over Asia for more than two millennium and its lively adaptation into the Western World and contemporary technological society, provide conclusive evidence against the shallow criticism levelled at Buddhism by its critics, obviously there must be something in it that attracts people to it. Endowed with a deeper insight to human nature, we Buddhists believe we can reveal a greater truth to all, and must do our best to make the teachings understood and
inspire the world with the right-view and right-understanding of Buddhism and its harmonious relationship with most aspects of secular life. Buddhism would, certainly rejects extreme self-indulgence and certainly finds great problems and objections to this our saha-world. This realm of desires and sensual love, people are constantly disturbed from within and without by bodily desires, personal needs and are driven social influences towards further insatiable unrealisable struggles. This world, as the Buddha called it, the world of desire, namely Kamadhatu, that brings forth all suffering such as birth, existence, decay and death. Superior to this our saha-world is the world of pure form namely Rupadhatu a place of deities and fairies whose life rises above all desires to the sphere of interplaying motives of form. A yet higher world or existence exists, that of no-form or Arupadhatu a place which excludes all and every desire and form - but mind still exists, which is still subject to
redemption, within that sorrowful Samsara cycle of re-birth. It is not until one has been elevated from all these stages, will one attain the blissful state of enlightenment, that perfect purity free from all mortal spheres free from Samsara the cycle of rebirths; the realm of birth and death. In this world of desire in which we ordinarily live, the Buddha lived a life much same as ours, the difference is that during his lifetime he had undergone a long fight to counter his selfindulgence searching for the transcendental love he attained finally upon his enlightenment to emerge with compassion, wisdom and his all-giving nature for which he became famous during and beyond his life. His love was not the kind that we associate with being in love with an attractive woman, nor that of self-love, or that of ownership, or of wealth, or that of a filial relationship (love towards a parent). His, on the contrary, was a love extended and meant for all and was one aimed towards alleviating pain
in all sorrowful suffering being. His compassionate love emerged of his transcendental self. If not being such a devote person he might not have practiced self-restraint, nor renounced the world of luxury he had inherited, nor would he have he been so restlessly concerned with the suffering of the world and all in it. He was so concerned with this existence where people pursue their lust for life so indulgently and without concern for others and that they refuse to pay any attention to their approaching deaths as if they are going to live forever. It is through this man and through his true love we can find the true meaning of the transcendental self, that is of transcending ourselves to something greater than we normally perceive. To criticize Buddhism as atheistic is harsh and far from the truth. You may not find in any of the Buddhist realms an omnipotent god with the love and hatred that is associated and projected upon gods by the human imagination but, if you set on a search
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for the god as the eternal basis that governs all phenomena in the universe and is in all and every one of us you may be on to something. This Divine-omnipresence is the essence of the world and, though not openly expressed, is latent in all and everything, extant or not extant. It transcends all categories and limitations; however, it will only be revealed to those being free from the veil of illusory phenomena, those who fight and win pure love and wisdom over earthily desires obtain this inner-self to be one with that of the universal. Buddhism as such may somehow be conceived as theism whose Deities (or devas) are not far from man but as a nucleus latent in every living creature. They only come into being and in sight of those who have possessed a universal vision. All such Buddhist terms as Buddha-hood (the nature of Buddha) or Such ness or Blissful State or Nibbana are various names of the One Absolute Heart incarnate in all, even though each of us has no experience of
such an absolute experience trapped as we are in the Saha world of desire. Potentially, each of us is a Buddha and everyone, therefore, may attain Buddha hood through the arduous path of ones selfrestraint, self-perfection and self-understanding. In principle, Buddhism thus gives way to a far higher human status and contributes nothing towards debasing to human dignity. All men are equal, on the way to the supreme perfection. A vast difference of value among beings however concerns their personal burden of Karmic actions or record of morality (past and present). People of course due to our reasoning and ability to reflect, are the most elevated creature in the sphere of Samsara (suffering), and possess the best faculties to enables us to free from this infinite cycle of re-birth and redemption. This complete, description and explanation of Buddhism conveys the true meaning its purpose in promoting humanism, to use a term in vogue today. It is Buddhism that has put consciousness for
most and utmost into practical life despite the tragic conditions of life as is generally experienced by us all. Buddhists has never given way to defeatism, neither praying for external aid from deities or gods, nor leaning upon other persons, heroes, and politicians and others etc to free us from the human condition. The true Buddhist tries their best to get rid themselves of selfbondage through their own efforts. Let us imagine a child sleeping by its mother and dreaming that a powerful lion is attacking it. Can the mother save her child from danger or kill the lion in that dream? No, she cant; she cannot enter into it that dream nor do anything except wake it up from that dream. To be awakened, the child will be freed from the perception of being attacked by a lion. So such is it through enlightened awakening that the Buddhist frees himself instantly from the sufferings arising from ignorance of the law of ceaseless change within the Six Realms. Without self-realization,
one cannot understand such things as these statements. We can only save ourselves through our own effort, no one and nothing can help us not even a Buddha nor a god can deliver us. They may provide us with an example and inspiration but it is up to us to pay our dues to pursue and complete our self-perfection by our own efforts. Outside help, if any, cannot outrun the inner motives or wish of liberation within a person. (You can lead a horse to water but you cannot make it drink as the saying goes). It is this emphasis upon the subjective, that is of there being only deliverernce through of our own inner world and its the concern with self-liberation that has attracted critics of Buddhism as being selfish, individualistic or that Buddhist are irresponsible and aloof not concerned with the world beyond themselves. However providing Buddhism keeps promoting the personal initiatives of reflection, self effort, and self-mastering and self liberation it must be seen as positive and not pessimistic, nor a set of abstract intellectual philosophies far removed
from social life or the concerns of people in their daily lives, its just that it stresses that the effort towards positive social and self outcomes must come from within our on efforts. Buddhism has its own way of serving society and people and there is, for each one of us, an individual way to self-realization that is not devoid of the great compassionate heart but is in fact totally dependent on it. However, due its very adaptability and tolerance Buddhism has been subjected to criticism due to its all embracing loving kindness and forgiveness. The only thing a Buddhist can and must do is to do good on behalf of all beings. A Buddhist; in spite of his own burden of karmic action and desires, is supposed to make great effort to tame themselves and do the right thing, to reject wealth and pride, to remove lust from themselves to reject discrimination and to be ready to serve humanity in doing whatever possible for others. This supreme sacrifice has to be willingly made and such action causes the Buddhist to embrace loving kindness
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BOvTT
VN HA
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NGUYN HNG QUC
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thp nin 1930, bt u vi sng kin ca nhm T Lc Vn on trn bo Phong Ho, bo Tt tr thnh mt hin tng ni bt trong sinh hot mng xun ca ngi Vit Nam. Bn cnh nhng tht m, da hnh, cu i ; bn cnh nhng cy nu, trng pho, bnh chng xanh; Bn cnh? Khng phi. So vi cc mn Tt c truyn va k, v th ca bo Tt quan trng hn nhiu. Ngy nay, cy nu, cu i hay da hnh ch cn l nhng k nim, c khi tht xa vi, hun ht nm ngoi tr nh ca nhiu ngi Vit Nam. Ring pho th, t nhiu nm ri, b cm; v tht m th dn dn, cng vi pht trin ca kinh t, khng cn l mt gi tr in hnh cho ngy Tt na. Trong khi bo Tt khng nhng khng suy gim m cng ngy cng pht trin, t trong nc ra n hi ngoi. u u cng c bo Tt. Bo chuyn nghip ra s Tt nh. Ngay c cc c san ca cc hi on cng chn dp Tt ra bo nh c gp vo ci rng bo Tt vn rm rp ca ngi Vit bng cht hng hoa a phng. Ti khng bit cc nc khc th no, ch ring ti cc quc gia ni ting Anh, r rng l ngi ta khng c thi quen lm bo Tt. Ngay c u nm 2000 v u nm 2001, thi im kt thc v m u khng nhng ca mt th k m cn ca c mt thin nin k, cc t bo ln ti M, Anh, c v Canada... cng ch pht hnh nhng ph trng mong mng tng kt nhng s kin v nhng nhn vt ni bt nht trong mt s lnh vc no m thi. Hon ton khng c nhng s bo Tt hay nhng giai phm xun nh ta. Bi vy, trong chng mc no , mt cch d dt, chng ta cng c th ni bo Tt l mt hin tng kh c th ca Vit Nam. Ci c
th y khng chng xut pht t tham vng lm... vn chng ca nhng ngi lm bo. Nn lu l bo Tt thng gn lin vi cc nht bo hoc tun bo. Cc tp ch ra hng thng hay nhiu thng, nu c s Tt, cng ch l mt cch gi tn cho tin v cho... vui; thc cht chng cng ch l mt th giai phm kh bnh thng, may lm, thong cht hng xun i bi tng lun hay phng vn. Nhng s bo Tt tiu biu nht thng c tm thy nhng ngi lm bo thc s. C th xem bo Tt nh mt th i yn ca nhng t bo tin tc v thi s: l dp nhng ngi quanh nm tt bt vi nhng tin vn tin di c th ngi xung lm... th vn chng m h tin l nghim tc. Vi ba cng v c bm gy cn thn, s bo Tt c xem nh mt s ho thn: t bo, n tr thnh tp ch; t tin tc, n tr thnh ngh thut; t gii tr, n tr thnh vn chng; t vic p ng nhng nhu cu bc thit nhng rt ph du hng ngy, n tr thnh mt th tc phm c th c lu gi lu di trn cc gi sch. Nhng s ho thn y c tc ng thng cp v tm l: vi cc s bo Tt, mt nh bo thch th vi ch ngha c th t cm thy mnh l mt nh vn hay mt nh th; mt nh bo khc say m bnh lun tin tc c th t cm thy mnh l mt nh... bnh lun chin lc, hoc thm ch, mt nh chin lc.. Tuy nhin, trn thc t, ngha vn chng v ngh thut ca cc s bo Tt y rt mong manh. Trc y, v phng din ngh thut, cc s bo Tt c mt c im ni bt l in mu nn trng rc r hn hn cc s bo thng. Nhng khi phn ln cc s bo thng cng c in mu, t nht l ci ba, th v rc r khng cn l mt tn hiu ca Tt na. l cha k, loi b yu t mu sc
ra, hnh nh in trn cc ba bo Tt thng kh ging nhau: hoc hnh thiu n hoc hnh ng b c gi vi chu nh trong y phc c truyn, hoc hnh mt vt g gn lin vi ngy Tt: hoa, cy nu, pho, bnh chng, v.v... i khi th. Rt t c
s thay i. M hnh nh ngi ta cng ngi thay i: Tt ng ngha vi truyn thng. Vn chng ca bo Tt cng th. Cng ngi thay i. Ngi thay i t ti tr i: Bi v khc nhau, cc cy bt cng
tc khc nhau, nhng hu nh t bo Tt no cng c nhng phn mc y nh nhau. Bao gi cng c phn tng kt tnh hnh trong nm. Nghim tc th ngi ta vit bi tng kt y di hnh thc tiu lun. Nng tinh thn gii tr th ngi ta vit di
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hnh thc s To qun. Nhiu bo cn c th ho tnh hnh trong nm bng cch chn ra nhng thnh tch xut sc v nhng gng mt tiu biu nht biu dng. Hn na, ngi ta cn i xa hn trong vic tng kt bng cch nhn li ton b nhng nm mang cng tn con gip trong sut lch s, t , c nhng bi nh Nhng nm Ng trong lch s, Nhng nm Thn trong lch s, v.v... i km vi nhng bi nh th bao gi cng c nhng bi vit khc tm hiu nhng c im ca nhng con vt c chn t tn cho nm: chut, tru, cp, rng, rn, nga, d, kh... Vi nhng ti nh th, ngi ta khng th trnh khi s trng lp trong ni dung. Gn lin vi mt con vt no thng ch c mt s chuyn nht nh, kiu: con nga trong ca dao, tc ng; con nga trong hi ho; con nga trong vn chng; con nga trong th gii sinh vt hc, v.v... Mt s khng t nhng bi vit y s c in li hoc xo nu li trong mt chu k c nh: 12 nm. Bi vy, tuy nm no chng ta cng c hng trm t bo Tt, nhng giai phm xun dy cm v lng ly, s lng nhng tc phm v Tt c gi tr, c trong lnh vc sng tc ln lnh vc nghin cu, rt him, him mt cch rt ng kinh ngc. Khi no cn tm mt bi th tht hay v ma xun ? Th chng ta li phi quay v vi V nh Lin, vi on Vn C, vi Hn Mc T v Ch Lan Vin nhng nm trc 45 xa xi. Khi no
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cn tm mt s cng trnh nghin cu nghim tc v kh tn v phong tc tt nht ? Th chng ta li phi quay v qu kh, vi Toan nh hay Vng Hng Sn trc nm 1975, hay c khi xa hn na, tn thi Phan K Bnh, trc nm 1930. Bit th, nhng ngi Vit Nam ni chung vn c yu bo Tt. Gii lm bo yu bo Tt: Tt, khng c s bo c bit, h cm thy nh thiu thiu mt ci g. Ging nh nhng ngi bnh thng thiu mt chu hoa, mt gi bnh chng hay mt n bnh tt. Gii vit vn v lm th cng yu bo Tt: rt nhiu ngi quanh nm khng vit lch c g cng c gp mt trn trang bo Tt mt bi th hay mt tiu phm g . Nhiu ngi chun b cho bo Tt kh k: ngay t gia nm, lc tri c ang cn trong ma h hoc mi va chm thu, h nn nt nhng bi th nng tru ni hoi hng v hoi c trong khng kh giao tha lnh lo x l qu ngi. Mt s ngi cn thn v cng ngy th hn, ghi ch di bi th dng ch y tnh... h cu, kiu Vit gia m giao tha... 2002, trong khi trn thc t, bi th y c lm v gi n to son t gia nm... 2001. c gi, cm c bi th vi cu ghi ch nh th c mt, hai thng trc m giao tha, cng khng ly g lm kh chu. Ngi ta d dng xem nh mt th nghi thc. Tht ra, vi h, ngay chnh vic mua t bo Tt cng gn nh mt nghi thc: t bo, ging
nh mt gi mt; mua, cha chc n, nhng khng mua th khng an tm. Mua bo Tt, c khi ch lic s qua, nhng nu khng mua, c e hng v ngy Tt c nht i mt cht. Thnh ra, c th ni, vi ngi Vit Nam, bo Tt l mt hin tng vn ho. l th vn ho hi h. c im u tin ca vn ho hi h l tnh cht tp th, , ngay s hin din l mt ngha. Khng cn bit ai hin din, ch cn bit l nhiu ngi hin din. Bi vy s bo Tt no ngi ta cng c li ko tht nhiu ngi tham gia. Nu khng tham gia c vi t cch tc gi th cng tham gia vi t cch nhng ngi c phng vn. M cc cuc phng vn ch cn a dng ch khng cn chuyn su. Mi ngi thng c hi vi ba cu, tht ngn. Tr li sao cng c, y cht lng khng quan trng: iu quan trng nht l mi ngi mt ging t bo c khng kh nh m. nh m th phi... vui. Hu ht nhng ngi lm bo Tt u thc rt r l t bo ca mnh c c trong khng kh Tt, lc mi ngi ch mun tn hng nhng g thnh thi v may mn nht. Do , ngi ta thng n trnh nhng ti v nhng phong cch qu nng n. H ho, th, truyn cng nh nhng bi phng s hi hc v phng s ngn c c bit a chung. Nhng c im ni bt nht cc t bo Tt chnh l nn vn ho nhn li. Bo Tt, thc s l bo Tt,
trong cm quan ca c ngi vit ln ngi c, bao gi cng l mt s nhn li, hoc ch yu l mt s nhn li. Nhn li mt nm. Nhn li mt gip. Nhn li mt th k. Nhn li nhng thnh cng v nhng tht bi ca mt t nc hoc mt lnh vc no . Nhn li nhng np c, nhng tc c. Nhn li nhng vang bng mt thi. Nhn li. S bo Tt no cng thng nng tru qu kh v cng man mc tm s u hoi. Th cng hay thi. Mi s Tt l mt dp n bi. n tp th. V th v. Nh nhp mt hp tr hay nhm nhi mt ming mt. C l phn ln nhng kin thc ca chng ta v phong tc tp qun ca dn tc cng nh nhng du mc quan trng trong lch s t nc nu khng n t, th cng c cng c bi cc dp n bi nh th. Khng c chng, kh c th tng tng l n hn na cuc i, chng ta vn nh n nhng s tch bnh chng bnh dy hay nhng cu chuyn ng ng lin quan n cc ging vt c chn t tn cho tng nm nh ch, mo, nga, kh, rn, rng, v.v... Bi th ng ca V nh Lin c nhiu ngi ghi nh hn nhiu bi th khc c l mt phn ln cng l nh bo Tt. Tn tui ca on Vn C, mt nh th thi 1930-45, tc gi ca mt s bi th v Tt ni ting, cn li mi c l ch yu cng nh bo Tt. Nhng vic n bi di hnh thc bo Tt nh th khng phi ch c ch li l gip bi b kin thc
ca mi ngi. Quan trng hn, chng cn gip to nn mt th k c tp th chung cho c dn tc, khin cho ngi Vit Nam thuc bt c a phng hay bt c th h no cng u c mt s hnh nh kh ging nhau v mt s khi nim kh ging nhau v t nc. Chnh nhng k c tp th nh th gp phn hnh thnh nn nhng nim v ci gi l bn sc vn ho; v bn sc vn ho, n lt n, li iu kin ho cch suy ngh cng nh cch hnh x ca tng c nhn. C th ni, Vit Nam, k c c vai tr quan trng hn hn lch s. Tht ra, mt gc no , k c v lch s l mt: lch s l th k c tp th c gn lc v lu gi bng mt phng tin vt l nm ngoi b nh ca tng c nhn. l th k c c ghi li. Lch s c vit theo phong cch hn lm (academic history), ni theo Lutz Niethammer, l th k c tp th trong mt thi i khoa hc (1). Tuy nhin, chnh vic ghi li y lm cho lch s t nhiu khc bit vi k c. c ghi chp tc l c gn lc: lch s no cng t nhiu chu s chi phi ca cc th lc khc nhau trong x hi, ch yu l cc th lc ang nm vai tr thng tr, ni nh ai , trong mt cu ni thnh chm ngn: lch s c vit bi nhng k chin thng. Hn na, c ghi chp, lch s, mt mt, s cn li vi thi gian, nhng mt
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Th h Mt Ri tri qua phn no nhng nm thng to dng nhn cch Vit nam nn h c khuynh hng tm hiu chia s nhng cm nhn, suy ngh v kinh nghim au thng ca th h i trc...Ngc li, th h mt ri li gn gi vi th h th hai hn l th h th nht c th lm c. Trong i sng con ngi bao gi cng c s cch bit gia hai th h ny, bt k l h thuc ngun gc vn ha v ngn ng no, k c cng ng chnh mch.... Th h th nht mt mt qu hng, nhng cha hn tm c mt qu hng mi, trong khi th h th hai sinh nc ngoi v ch bit mi trng th sinh, hoc t nht l th h th hai khng c nhng gn b tha thit vi t nc ci ngun ca cha m. H khng c cm gic mt mt qu hng v khng c nhu cu tm mt qu hng mi. Th h mt ri l th h va mt mt qu hng va tm c mt qu hng mi. (4). ng Jack Passaris, ch tch Hi ng Sc Tc NSW Ethnic Communities Council, thng t ho ni vi ti rng con gi ca ng thuc th h th t sinh bn ngoi lnh th Hi Lp, nhng c y vn c vn ling vn ha v ngn ng theo hc i hc ti Athens. y c th l trng hp ngoi l, nhng ti khng ngh nh vy, v ti bit kh nhiu v cng ng Hi Lp ti c. Cng nh cng ng gc Do Thi v phng din tn gio, nhng khc vi cng ng Do Thi v mt ngn ng, ngi c gc Hi Lp v c l ngi M gc Hi Lp cng vy, rt thnh cng trong vic duy tr tn ngng, ngn ng, v vn ha ca h m vn hi nhp thnh cng vo x hi chnh mch ti cc nc nh c. n nm 2035, tc l sau 60 nm nh c, th h th ba v th t ca chng ta c cn kh nng ni ting Vit v hiu vn ha Vit hay khng? Ti khng lc quan lm, tr phi th h th hai trong cng ng hin nay tch cc v ngun nh l thnh t chia s c tnh vn ha ca home, sweet home. Trong mi gia nh, chng ta u c nhng trn tr nh nhau v vic ny. nhng khng phi ai cng thnh cng trong n lc tm mt cng thc dung ha nhu cu hi nhp dng chnh vi nhu cu duy tr ngn ng v vn ha Vit nam. Bc s Nguyn Xun Quang tng tc phm mi nht ca mnh cho cc con sinh ti M l th h bo tn Ting Vit Huyn Diu ni x ngi (5). Th h th hai t h cng tri qua nhng trn tr nh vy nn ch ca tri h sinh vin Vit nam Adelaide, South Australia, u nm 2005 l Ta L Ai? Who Are We? Nhiu cng trnh kho cu v ang i tm cu tr li. Vicky Karaminas vit: Nh (home) l ni chng ta nh khi chng ta i xa v l ni chng ta tr li sau cuc hnh trnh. Nhng i vi nhiu ngi, cuc hnh trnh, tnh trng ngc xui khng bao gi chm dt. Nh c lin tc tm kim qua nhng lc n v lc i, lc ra v lc vo nhng a im khc nhau Home is what we yearn for when we are away, and what we return to after a journey. But for many, the journey, the displacement
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41
VI
DNG NGA
TRONG NN M THUT C TRUYN VIT NAM

HUNH HU Y Trch M THUT VIT NAM NGY XA Vn Mi xut bn 2013
Nga , lng Thiu Tr, bn v trong LArt Hu ca L. Cadire.
ga l mt hnh tng thn thuc trong nn ngh thut c truyn dn tc. Khc vi th gii, t thi tin s nga l i tng ca nhng ngh s nguyn thy, th Vit Nam, bng dng nga xut hin c hi mun mng. C l phi i n thi im t nc t ch sau mt ngn nm
tip theo trang 17
di Bc thuc, nga mi c mt. Sau nhng triu i phong kin pht trin hng mnh L, Trn, L, hnh tng nga ngy cng cng tr nn phong ph, a dng v c cht liu, ti, bt php. Chm khc trn g, c o trn , trn ng, gm, t nung, tranh mc bn, v n ngy nay tr thnh mt ti kh
tr tnh trong nn ngh thut mi, m in hnh nht c l l dng nga cc k th mng ca Trnh Cung ni tc phm Trn vng an ngh, in mt du n su m gia nn ngh thut Vit Nam hin i. Cng trnh kin trc v to hnh rt danh ting vo bui u ca thi nc
nh c lp l cha Pht Tch, b tn ph qua bao nhiu i di, ngy nay d hoang ph, sp vn cn li nhiu vt tch, nh du mt thi k pht trin ngh thut y ti nng v tr tu. Ti liu th tch cng nhng di vt cho ta thy nhiu mt ca vn . Nm 1937, 1940 v 1943, L Bezacier cng a ra
nhiu ti liu mi sau cc cuc khai qut ti ch (1). Trn cng trnh ln ny c xy dng nm 1057 (th k XI), gia nhiu vt tch chm tr, c o rt hp dn, k l, ngay ni bc ca bng i ln cha, ni ra ngoi nhng bc ca, ng i nhau, chng ta bt gp bng dng con nga gia cc lai th khc l s t, voi,
BO TT v VN HA TT
khc, li b tch ra khi s sng vn cn ang tip tc vn ng. Nhng yu t ny lm cho lch s tr thnh mt ci g bt ton v y nghi vn. Theo Maurice Halbwachs, trong khi k c tp th v qu kh c chia s trong c cng ng, lch s ch l kt qu ca nhng cng trnh nghin cu dnh cho mt thiu s; trong khi k c tp th v cng a dng, lch s ch c mt(2). Nhng cng t hin tng c ghi chp, lch s c mt c im rt tch cc: c ghi chp l c c c hi xc minh v b sung, nh th, c nhiu trin vng gn vi s thc hn l nhng k c c lu gi trong tng c nhn ring l v y ch quan. T khong gia thp nin 1970 tr li y, gii nghin cu khng cn c gng tm cch i lp k c v lch s na m h xem k c nh mt hnh thc b sung cho lch s. B sung ngay trong ngnh s hc: bn cnh khi nim lch s thnh vn quen thuc, xut hin khi nim lch s truyn khu (oral history). B sung trong lnh vc x hi, chnh tr v vn ho: t nhng k c tp th ca dn chng, gii nghin cu c th khm ph ra cch thc con ngi din dch v nho nn li qu kh, cch thc qu kh tc ng ln hin ti v phn no, c tng lai na. B sung. D c ch n my, k c cng ch ng vai tr b sung cho lch s m thi. N khng th thay th lch s. Lch s c tnh thin v? ng . Nhng k c, d l k c tp th, cng khng cng bnh hn cht no. ng sau, c khi xa lm ng sau hnh ng nh v qun ca mt cng ng bao gi cng tim tng mt thi chnh tr nht nh: ngi ta thng ch nh nhng g h mun nh v qun nhng g h mun qun. Hn na, hnh thc thnh vn ca lch s l iu kin pht trin tm nhn c tnh tng hp v khi qut: Nhng khi nim tru tng nh phong kin, t bn, cng sn, cch mng, qun ch, dn ch, a nguyn, v.v... ch c th ra i trn c s ca lch s. K c, ngc li, ch lm ngi ta quanh qun mi trong nhng ci c th gn gi v nh nhch. K c tp th, mun tn ti lu di, phi gn lin vi cc cu chuyn k. Mt nn vn ho c xy dng ch yu trn nn tng ca k c nht thit l mt nn vn ho mang tnh t s (narrative culture) (3). Vn ho Vit Nam, cho n nay, l mt nn vn ho nh th. Lch s, bt k l lch s g, vi chng ta, ch l mt chui chuyn k lin min theo trnh t thi gian. Sng tc, bt c thuc th loi g, t vn xui n vn vn, t mt thin tiu thuyt n mt bi th, vi chng ta, cng
l mt cch k chuyn, hoc nhng cu chuyn y bin c lin quan n i sng chnh tr, x hi ca cc nhn vt, hoc nhng cu chuyn ngn ngn, nho nh, lin quan n i sng tm tnh, vi nhng c m v nhng tht vng, nhng nh nhung v nhng khc khoi, nhng ng cay v nhng gin hn... ca chnh ngi cm bt. Ph bnh, vi chng ta, cng li l mt cch k chuyn: k li cu chuyn xy trong tc phm mnh ph bnh hoc k li nhng g mnh cm, mnh ngh, mnh lin tng ny sinh t tc phm y. C n vn l thuyt, vi chng ta, mt mc no , cng l mt cch k chuyn: k v mt vn , v nhng tranh lun chung quanh mt vn , v nhng chi tit nhm minh ho cho vn y, c rt t nhng s phn tch. Cng t hn na nhng cch nhn c sc tng hp vi nhng khi nim tru tng v mang tnh khi qut cao. nh dn tc no vo thu s khai khi cha c ch vit hoc cha c iu kin in n cng u yu chung hnh thc chuyn k. Tuy nhin, hnh nh Vit Nam, lng yu chung y su m mt cch kh c bit. Su m n , vi ngi Vit Nam, qu kh khng c g khc hn ngoi cc cu chuyn k. Chng ta ph hoi khng thng tic cc di tch lch s; chng ta h hng vi nhng g c kh nng tr thnh di tch lch s; chng ta ch yu cc cu chuyn k. Chng ta k i k li khng bit mt mi t chuyn Lc Long Qun ly u C n Trng
Thu phn bi M Nng, chuyn Thnh Ging nh tre nh gic, chuyn Trng Trc tr th chng, chuyn Triu Trinh Nng v di ba thc, chuyn Trn Quc Ton bp nt tri cam trong tay, v.v... Khng phi khng c kha cnh tch cc: Theo ti, chnh vic chia s nim tin v s say m i vi cc cu chuyn k y gp phn to nn s thng nht ca dn tc Vit Nam, t Nam ch Bc, t trong nc ra n hi ngoi, t gi n tr, t tr thc n bnh dn, u ngi Vit Nam cng c mt s tng tng chung, t , ng chng nh c mt qu kh chung, mt ci ngun chung. Ni mt cch khi qut hn, ci gi l dn tc Vit Nam, c bit l ci gi l dn tc tnh ca Vit Nam, thc cht l mt s cu chuyn k chung. y vn ln mt tm khi qut nh vy, chng ta gp mt s l thuyt gia hu hin i, nhng ngi xem nhng khi nim ht sc cn bn nh t quc, sc tc, bn sc, v.v... khng phi l nhng g c sn m ch l nhng g c to ra, hn na, khng ngng c ti to qua thi gian. Hay, ni nh Werner Sollars sc tc ch l mt chui nhng s h cu c tnh tp th (a set of collective fictions) (4); ni nh Benedict Anderson, t quc ch l mt cng ng tng tng (imagined community) (5); v nh Homi Bhabha, t quc l nhng g c k li(6). Nhng g c k li y hn thuc v qu kh. Tuy nhin, qua vic k, nhng di tch y huyn tng ca qu kh y li tc ng ln vic hnh thnh nhng nhng gi tr vn ho lm mu
s chung trong x hi cn c theo , mi ngi nh gi cc hin tng chung quanh, v chn la cho mnh nhng cung cch hnh x c xem l ng n nht. Ni cch khc, ci c k s dn dn c ni tm ho v n mt lc no , tr thnh khun thc hnh thnh nhn cch v tnh cch ca chng ta: t nhng ngi k chuyn, chng ta b bin thnh nhng ngi c k, thnh cc nhn vt. y mi chnh l iu ng ngi: tn u th k 21, tht chng c g vui khi c phi tip tc lm nhng nhn vt d thng nhng rt n gin, n gin n ngy ng, nh trong cc cu chuyn c tch ngy no. Chnh v vy, mi ln cm cc t bo Tt, ti va mng va cm thy c ci g nh l ngi ngi. NGUYN HNG QUC
1. Dn theo Cornelus Holtprf trong bi History & Memory trn trang web [ c bi ] 2. Nh trn 3. V khi nim vn ha t s hay kin thc t s, c th xem thm bi How Cultural Anthropology Contributes to Culture: The Scientific Method in Late Twentieth Century Cultural Anhtropology ca James W. Dow trn website [ c bi ] 4. Xem Werner Sollor (bin tp) (1989), In the Invention of Ethnicity, New York: Oxford University Press, tr. ix-xx. 5. Xem Benedict Anderson (1991), Imagined Communities: Reflectins on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism, New York: Verso 6. Xem Homi K. Bhabha (1994), The Location of Culture, London: Routledge.
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tru, t gic. Tt c mi con th ny u c t nm trn ta sen, cao xp x nhau l 1m20, ring chiu di hnh dng nga o ng 1m50. Con nga y ch l mt b phn nh ha hp gia tan b nn ngh thut Pht gio rt thnh t lc by gi. Sang n i L S (1427 1527) l thi k cc thnh ca ch phong kin tp quyn, Nho gio l nn tng v cng thng tr nc. iu khc thi k ny so vi thi L Trn trc c nhng bc pht trin mi vt khi truyn thng Pht gio, ch yu cn nhm phc v nhng cng trnh gn lin vi giai cp thng tr ng thi. Ni cc khu lng m vng Lam Kinh (Thanh Ha) ni pht tch ca nh L, cc nh nghin cu ngh thut to hnh truyn thng c bit ch n nhng tc phm iu khc gm cc tng ngi, th, ra i bia. Cc tng ny u l du tch ca nhng cng trnh kin trc ng dng, m thc chung bao gi cng gm phn m, hai dy tng ng i xng nhau trn mt trc ng thng vn thng c gi l thn o v mt ci bia (2). Ni khu di ch ny, nh lng L Thi T (xy dng nm 1433), lng L Thnh Tng (1498), lng b Nguyn Th Ngc Huyn (1505), lng L Hin Tng (1504), chng ta cn gp nhng con nga ng chu
hu y. Nhn chung, nhng tng y c kch thc khng ln, tng ngi v th u ch cao khang 1m10 v 0m60 (3). Vo thi k u, tng nga Vnh Lng (lng L Thi T) trng rt bun ci, ln tt, ng ngh, ch phng pht mt cht dng nga nh trong cch nhn ca tr con, n nhng lng m v sau ngy cng hoa m hn, va gn vi hin thc va mang tnh cch iu ca ngh thut trang tr. Nga lng m L Hin Tng t c v han chnh ca mt pho tng trang tr mt ni tn knh, vi yn cng, nai nt hn hoi. Ging ngh thut chnh thng ca nh nc phong kin tip tc di ng n th k 19; chng ta s gp li nhng con nga y trong qun th kin trc p v th mng ca m thut Hu. Ni lng tm ca cc v vua triu Nguyn, gia nhng cnh tr rt hi ha ca thin nhin v kin trc, i lc rt lng l, i lc ta ra nhng nt trng l, nhng tng nga t trc sn bi nh, cnh tng voi v tng cc quan vn, quan v ln bng ngi tht, gp phn hon tt ci p nghim chnh v mu mc ring bit ni y. Thuc m thut Hu, c l chng ta cng nn nhc n bng dng nga gia bao nhiu hnh nh ti p khc ca t quc, khc chm trn Cu nh, t trc sn Th
miu trong Hong thnh. Trn b Cu nh v i tng trng cho quyn, c c bng ng v hon chnh nm 1837 di triu Minh Mng, chng ta s gp thy trn mi nh l nhng hnh chm ni v cng k th (4). Trn Anh nh, con nga cng c ghi nhn l mt trong nhng con vt thn thit v hu ch y, dng v rt hin thc v sng ng. V trn Huyn nh, chng ta s thch th thng lm mt c xe t m, hai con nga trc c trang b y m c (harnais), c gn sn sng yn cng, lc lc, hnh nh c xe ny tuy y v c knh nhng cng khng km phn linh hat. C dp lm mt cuc kim k di sn m thut ca ng cha, chng ta s thy phong cch nga ni lng m L Hin Tng v cc lng tm triu Nguyn c nhn rng v lp li khp ni trn cc min t nc, c bit l Bc b v Trung b, tc bng g, , hoc p bng vi va th cc nh miu m dng nh lng no cng c, C khi cao ln bng nga thc, cng c khi thu nh li cho thch hp vi ni tha t. ch vi c bn y, ngh nhn lc p tc, v vi, cng c thm tht, thay i i cht ty vo cch chm ph ca ring mnh. Vo u th k XX, trong b Album K thut ca dn An Nam (Technique du Peuple Annamite,) nh
kho cu tr tui Henri Oger c ghi chp hnh nh mt con nga g trong mt n th thn no y vng ng bng Bc b. Pho tng c ko i trong mt m rc thn, c ghi chp theo li k ho, kh hp dn, ngy nay tr thnh mt k nim qu bu i vi chng ta v mt phong tc cng nh m thut. ng l vi dng nga , tra khp bc, lc lc ng en, kiu khu c thu tha rc r, chic yn mang dng con chim phng hong si cnh, chng ta s gp li v p gn gi y ni cc tng gm nh Bt Trng, loi trang tr ni tht. Hoc cng gn nh th, ni tranh v Nga Hng ca mc bn dn gian ng H, bn v trong th chuyn ng, tn lng i theo, c phn tung bay, nhng nn bng ng sc rng r. Cng vi khng kh v phong cch y, trong tr nh ca chng ta v hnh nh m m ca nhng phong tc thi qu vng, cng nh trong tr nh ca nhng nh nghin cu ngh thut hn rng vn cn lu du vt tch v nhng con nga ni nhng ca hng vng m, d dng gp thy khp ni, c bit l hai trung tm c H Ni v Hu vi bai mi nm trc. rc mt mu rt ti tn, m p, vui mt, c tranh tr thm nhng mng giy tr ng sc v trang kim lp lnh. Nhng
con nga giy dn bi trn nang tre y, mt thi gian di nm bn cnh nhng tin giy, vng hng, nn giy, hi giy, thuyn giy, o m i tro, ngy nay sp mt dn ht du tch; cc vin bo tng ngh thut v dn tc hc ca chng ta cng nn kp thi lu tm gn gi li, vt vt c cht g hay cht . Trong cng trnh nghin cu, ghi chp, thc hin nhng phin bn v iu khc dn gian th k XVI, XVII v XVIII ca Vin Bo Tng v Vin Nghin Cu Ngh Thut H Ni, tin hnh di s ch o ca ho s Nguyn Cung trc y, chng ta cng tng c dp thng thc nhng dng nga rt th mng, ti mt v sinh ng. Mt v d in hnh l nh tng nga trn ph iu Ngi, voi, nga nh Chy, Nam H, th k XVII. Nt chm rt chc tay, tun tro mt ngun cm hng chn tht, ni nh Nguyn Cung l kt qu mt qu trnh hp th, c kt cao gia tnh cm su xa vi nhng hnh thc biu hiu. (5) Nhn xt ny ca Nguyn Cung l mt pht biu chung v iu khc dn gian Vit Nam ngy xa, thuc ba th k 16-17-18, tuy nhin khi ng trc ph iu Ngi, voi, nga, chng ta cng s nhn thy l nhn xt y rt thch hp vi tc phm m thut
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PHT T VIT NAM:

hi ton din t nc n thi by gi cng nh nhiu quc gia khc v sau ny. Nh tu gic siu vit v thn chng gii thot cu cnh ca chnh c nhn, cng nh mt phn tha hng di sn vn ha dn ch ca t nc Ca T La V, c Pht thit lp n np sinh hot dn ch hon ho cho Tng on ngay trong nhng nm u ha o ca Ngi. y c th ni l mt trong nhng sinh hot tp th mang tnh dn ch u tin ca nhn loi c duy tr cho n ngy nay trong Tng on t Pht. Php Yt Ma (karman) ca Tng Gi l mt trong nhng phng thc th hin trn vn tinh thn bnh ng v dn ch nht trong lch s loi ngi. Trong Php Yt Ma, s ng thun ca tp th t n mc tuyt i vi mi thnh vin c mt u phi hoan h tn ng mt Pht s no . Nu c bt c s bt ng no th Yt Ma khng thnh v do phi bt u li tin trnh tho lun tm gii php dung ha. Li c Pht dy tn gi A Nan v by phng thc lm hng thnh quc gia gin tip can ngn vua A X Th (Ajatasattu) nh xm chim nc Bc K (Vajji) l mt trong nhng chng liu him hoi cho thy tm nhn cao rng v thch ng ca c Pht i vi php tr quc an dn. Chnh nh tha hng truyn thng dn ch lu i m Pht Gio lun lun tn trng s t gic v tinh thn dn ch trong sinh hot tp th. Hi Ngh Din Hng ln u tin trong lch s Vit Nam tm s thng nht ch ton dn chng li cuc xm lng ca gic Nguyn Mng c v minh qun Pht t Trn Thnh Tng t chc l bng chng c th ca tinh thn dn ch Pht Gio p dng trong sinh hot quc gia i s. T do, dn ch v nhn quyn l nhng gi tr ph qut c nhn loi tha nhn trong Tuyn Ngn Nhn Quyn c i Hi ng Lin Hip Quc thng qua vo ngy 10 thng 12 nm 1948, v Cng c Quc T V Quyn Dn S v Chnh Tr c i Hi ng Lin Hip Quc thng qua vo ngy 16 thng 12 nm 1966. i vi Pht Gio iu ny khng c g mi l v c Pht cng nhn t lu gi tr lm ngi v quyn bnh ng trong x hi, cng nh th
thc sinh hot dn ch mang li thnh vng cho tp th hay mt quc gia. Chnh l cht liu v ng lc cho ngi Pht t Vit Nam lun lun tch cc gp phn xy dng mt x hi Vit Nam cng bng, t do,
dn ch v tn trng phm gi con ngi. Cuc vn ng nhn quyn v bnh ng tn gio di ch ca Tng Thng Ng nh Dim vo nm 1963, cuc vn ng quc hi lp hin thit lp nn dn ch vo nm
1966 ti min Nam, cuc vn ng ha bnh cho dn tc vo nhng nm u thp nin 1970 ti min Nam Vit Nam, v cuc vn ng nhn quyn t sau nm 1975 di ch Cng Sn Vit Nam ca Pht Gio
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tip theo trang 17
MT ON TH XUI TRCH T 1990

15 nm sau. Trn chin Vit Nam vn l nhng ng cay kh hiu. Nhng Thi Bnh Dng tip tc l mt thng phiu khng l. V, t uc gia ban ngy, cng khng th no tm thm c mt ngi M no ch thn bo tr dn t nn ng Dng. Con ngi vn cn qu sc nh b trc lch s. Nh git nc mt trc nc bin c. Mn v su. Gia nhng mu xanh bun b. 15 nm sau. Bn phn nhn o nhng ch cho lng thng hi. Lng thng hi ko di tr nn mt mi. By gi, nhng bn tin t nn ng Dng l iu kh tin, nhm chn. Mt triu ngi nh c. 250 ngn tri t nn. 2,500 em b m ci Hng Kng. Lm sao m thm c nhng xc ngi trong tay hi tc Thi Lan? V sng d? No m Vit Nam phi l trch nhim ca m ng, vy m chng ta c phi ra
tip theo trang 9
i xin x ngi khc. bao nm qua, t do vn l iu khng tng nn ci gi la b qu hng phi i i vi nim nhc. C ngi bo t nc chng ta may mn c hng triu ng b i s. C ngi bo l hng triu du hc sinh. C ngi bo ch l nhng k i kim b tha sa cn. C ngi bo ch l ng rc m H Ni ln sang nh hng xm. Mt ngi bn gi cho ti quyn Nguyn Trng T, Con ngi v Di tho ca Linh mc Trng B Cu. Quyn sch p, ngc nhin thay, xut bn ti Vit Nam. Anh ni bng mt ging t tin l thng t nc chng ta ang c hng ngn Nguyn Trng T. Ti mun a nc mt. Nguyn Trng T! Nhng bn iu trn ca ng hn mt trm nm cha nhiu ngi c c. t nc mnh vn cn th k 19 chng? C ngn Nguyn Trng T? Ti b, n Gio, trong lc a n hay khi ra nc ngoi; vn theo tp tc i ti u cng nhn thm cc thn thnh a phng vo n th.
ngh, cha . N ch khi no tm hn Nguyn Trng T c mi gc cnh qu hng. Nguyn Trng T! Gi cn sng chc bn iu trn ca ng khng cn gi n mt vua T c, m phi dng ln tn mi lng ngi. ng ht cho phong kin. ng ht thc dn. ng ht quc. ng ht cho cc m tay sai bn x. ng ht cho nhng k ca quyn. K no ni dn tc no lnh t . My nm qua ti nut nhc nghe m cha th tm ni li bin bch. 15 nm sau. Ch Vit Nam by gi l ni au thp t. Vng trn Vit Nam rm mu by lu. Mi ngi Vit Nam c th l mt truyn di. Mi ngi Vit Nam c th l mt git nc mt. Nh ngi bn gi cng s, gi ngh, tin hi tc Thi Lan lm anh ngi im nh g . Tui gi, o cm, tng tri. Nhng cng khng th giu c nhng git nc mt a tro ra. Anh khng ni g sut bui m au thng nh thm tn cng. Ti ngh. Sao anh khng lm th. Mi ngi Vit Nam u c th l thi s. nh i ni au ly nhng dng th. Ngi gi phi git nc mt ln vo ni c c. Ti nh Phng Qun, k lm th anh hng, em c i sng mnh bnh vc s thc, t tng, l lun; ch khng phi ch gm cc nghi l th phng. Trong gii tr thc c nhng cuc tranh lun hon ton l thuyt, ghi li trong sch ca Mu T hoc trong cc l th ca o Cao, Php Minh vi L Miu c L Mnh Tht thut li rt y trong b Lch s Pht Gio Vit Nam. Khi cc quan li ngi Hn truyn dy Lun Ng, Mnh T, chc hn dn Lc Vit sn sng tip nhn cc o l ny. Nhng ng thi h cng bit suy ngh v c phn ng. L Mnh Tht trch dn rt nhiu kin ph phn Nho Gio trong Lc Tp Kinh, hay trong Tp Th D Kinh m Thin s Khng Tng Hi dch, cng nh trong L Hoc Lun ca Mu T
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O BT TRONG DN GIAN
ca Pht, cho ph hp vi tn ngng dn gian. Pht gio trong nhng bui u cng c truyn b ti cc n miu c sn ca tn ngng c truyn; nh thy xut hin cc v Pht Php Vn, Php V, Php Li, Php in. y cng l nhng v thn thin nhin my, ma, sm, chp c th t nhiu i trc; v nhng ngi sng bng ngh trng la nc chu th sng Hng chc phi cu khn ma thun, gi ha. Ring Pht Php Vn c th cng rt nhiu i, l rc Pht Php Vn cn tip tc Bc Vit, cho ti u th k 20. Cc n lc trn
cho thy ngi dn Vit a phng ha o Pht. Pht gio ti nc ta thnh mt tn ngng bnh dn ch trng ti quyn nng, nh hnh nh nh s Pht Quang trao cho Ch ng T mt cy gy v mt ci nn, gii thiu l cc bo kh c quyn php. Trong khng kh tn gio , nhng nhn vt thn thoi c sn c a vo cha th phng. Nhiu v s tha hip a cc v thn thnh c truyn vo cha v nhu cu ca cc tn . Trong cun Thn, Ngi v t Vit, T Ch i Trng nu th d mt v Thn , Thch Quang Pht nay vn cn th ti Cha Du, Php Vn t. Pht Gio c a phng ha khi n nc ta cng nm trong mt truyn thng ph bin. Cc v b la mn i truyn
NNG CAO SINH HOT TR THC

a cc thnh thnh c truyn ln hng cc v Pht cng v mt nhu cu t pht sinh. Ngi dn b tr cn xy dng mt nn tng tinh thn thing ling c tnh cch siu vit, v c gio l vng chc cm thy t tin hn khi i din vi nhng ngi bng y ch ngha; nh cc v quan t Tch Quang cho ti S Nhip, hay cc ngi Vit mun c ng ha nh L Tin i Hn, Khng Cng Ph i ng. o Pht ngay t nhng th k u nc ta cng ph bin nh mt kho kin
THE PATH TO WELLNESS

The mission of my pharmacy is to provide medication for the patients and the proper counseling and education to ensure proper usage of medicines. We highly emphasize on understanding of diseases and proper way to take medications.
TAO
WELLNESS
Pharmacy
714-593-5654
16931 Bushard st. fountain Valley, Ca 92708
44
tht t thi Nhn vn Giai phm. Hn 30 nm sau c th anh Ti vn cu th m ng dy. Ti ngh. K ng xung v th v ng dy c cng v th, th i sng h v th l mt. 15 nm sau. C ngi va v thm qu hng. Tr li nc M hn mt tun nhng cn st tiu chy ca Vit Nam vn cn m . Trn da anh hoen nhng vt mui qu hng. Ti ngh. Nhng ng la cho gia nh, b con, b bn cha . Phi thm nhng git mu hng li. 1990, nm du lch. Nm ca nhng git nc mt mng ti. 15 nm thi, hai th gii. Rui, mui, x u, n bm, n cp, n xin, n hi l. t nc ca nhng cn lc tn nhn. Con ngi ng kn. Ngi nc ngoi v c r m nh chuyn thc hay mng. Anh chp ming. C nh ti l k tr li t thin ng. 15 nm thi, t nc gy m thm thng. Dng Thu Hng nm ngoi tham lun, phn na thanh nin ngha v qun s khng nng hn 40 k, khng cao hn thc ri. Ch cn lc quan. Nhng nh kinh doanh, t bn Thi Lan, Tn Gia Ba, M Lai lnh lng bo co, 90% ngi trng thnh Vit Nam khng sc lm vic tm ting mi ngy. S thiu dinh dng
tip theo trang 32
ht sc trm trng. 15 nm sau. Ai i, ai , ai sng, ai cht. thnh ph c vn ma vn nng nhng chng cn ai. Mt bo trong nc ton nhng khun mt l. Ngn ng ngy mt kh hiu. Khi ging mi qu hng nt mc, th nhng huyn thoi khng th cn ch . Hy gi huyn thoi v qu kh v nhng k mun lm thy php. chng ta c th ln ng vi hai bn tay khng v ng gch vn. 15 nm sau. Hn hn tng khun mt. Nhng k sng st chm lm gia nhng ngy chy go. Ti nh. Nhng mt ngi. Ti nh. Nhng cn ma. Ti nh. V Hong Chng trc 1975 c th Chng ta mt ht ch cn nhau. By gi, V cht. V chng ta mt c nhau. 15 nm sau, mt ngi anh b con, s quan cp t ca qun i c, an t gia nh sau hn 10 nm ci to. S th hn ht. Ch cn cht ngm ngi v mt mi. Anh ngh ch ny, trc sau khng th tn ti. Ch c vn sm hay mun. Vy ti sao ra i? Cu hi nghch l v tn nhn. Nghch l vi s hin din ca mnh. Tn nhn nh phi ng trc mt s tht trn trung m chnh mnh t di by lu.
C phi s ch k c th gii thch nhiu th. Nhng con ngi cng kh phi sng vi nhng bn nng cm o. Nhng tn bo cha phi sng bng bn nng quyn lc. Mt t nc ch cn sinh hat bn nng th phi nm k vc thm. C phi s ch k c th gii thch chng ta vn chng lm ni iu g? D rng, khng thiu g k giu c, khng thiu g k khoa bng, khng thiu g nhng k thong minh, khng thiu g nhng k chm ch. X s ngho i th khng th khng nghi ng nhng k bo mp. X s c an bt cng th khng th tin cy c nhng k ca quyn. X s ngu dt ti tm th khng th trng nh vo nhng tin s khoa bng. 15 nm sau. Ngi Vit bt u b xua ui cng khai. Nhng cng nhn Ty B Li, Bo Gia Li, Tip Khc, Hung Gia Li, ng c khng cn khai thc c g thm tm lng v sn quc t. Mu da vng Vit Nam u u cng em ti nhng hoi nghi, nhng lnh nht, nhng k th khng cn giu gim. No khc nhng ngi Vit nh c Texas, nhng k xp hng trong s welfare California hay vt vng trong hng ro ca nhng tri t nn Hng Kng. S Thy ni tip, th ny nh, khi em luyn nh mt n hn vi c ta, chnh ngay lc , tm em b n hn chp bt. Ti ni, vng, hn l th, nhng thit s em cha tng hn g ht. Thy ci v ni, ch l th d m. Trong bng trng l m, ti on c kiu ci ca Thy ng Nguyn, ngi s huynh tuyt vi ca ti. Thy ni thm, anh ni ci ny th n hn lm hn. Th ny nh. S Lm T ni T Liu Gin, cu u ni l Hu thi ot nhn, bt ot cnh. C ngha l, c khi ot nhn, khng ot cnh. Nhn y l tm, cnh y l i tng ca tm. ot nhn l khi em ch ng c tm mnh. Th no l ch ng c tm mnh? l khi tm em v tr. Ngha l, khng tr vo bt c g ht, k c tr vo mt mi hng no . Ngay khi em tr vo mt mi hng no, l em khng cn th ot nhn na, m chnh l tm em b mi hng kia ot mt ri. y nh, lc mt tm ri nh... Lc , khng phi l ot nhn, m l b nhn ot vy. Thy tip, hay ni th ny xem, rng khi em gin d hay khi em thm mun g , c ngha l tm ca em b ci sn v ci tham chim ot ri; l nhn b ot ch khng phi l em ot nhn, ng khng. Ti ch trm ngm. Lng ti ri bi bi. Lc t nc ngn ngang, mnh tu tp thin nh chng ti u, li gp ng s huynh ni nh th. Ti ngp, ni thi cho em vo ng.
ght b vt qua ranh gii quc cng. S ght b vt qua mi iu l tng, nhn ngha. S ght b a chng ta ti ch phi nhn li mnh, hai ch Vit Nam th ng trn trung khng cm o. 15 nm sau, Vit Nam vn l iu ti yu v khng hiu. T nhng dng mu chy ra t Thin An Mn cho ti na triu ngn nn Prague. Tin tc qu nh m t nh nhng ngn n hiu ht, bun thm. Ti mun c ngay nhng t bo sau ny nc Nga. u hiu thm nhng bt hnh ca x s mnh. 15 nm sau, ti vn mc cm mnh trn chy v phn bi. Nhng a em qu nh thn th gy m m ti nhn ra s kiu hnh ngm ngm. Gia mt t nc v tm qu sc. Ti vn l k chng lm c g. Nh mt tn bt lc. Nhng lm sao c th vit
c y cng chng phi thin ng. ng bao gi c o tng v s giu c. Nhng ng tin y gi v cng phi chy qua tm bm gan rut. ng bao gi c o tng v dn ch. N c th a n m dn v hn lon. ng bao gi c o tng v s t do. Ti l con c nc ngt ao h. Lm sao vy vng c gia dng nc mn. 15 nm sau. Mi chng ta u gi i. Chc chn. Nhng dng xe v dng ngi ti khng quen. Vit Nam vn ma v nng. C th ti tip tc sng trong s bt lc ca mnh. Nhng ti mun ni mt ln. Cm n Vit Nam. au ra ti trong nhng kh au, khc khai v yu thng k vng.
UI BT MT MI HNG
l, tao c chai du trong ti o... Ti im lng, bit l khng phi. Ti ngh, c th tn ny khng c chic mi nhy cm nh mnh. Nhng khng phi, nhiu thp nin sau, tn ny vo lm Ty Cnh St Dallas; ngha l, th lc phi tt lm, lm sao m hng mi c. * Th ri nm 1975 ti. Ti khng nh ti c b na. Mt i khi, ti ngh nhng chuyn xa nh l c tch. K c mi hng v ci nm tay. Lch s nh mt cun sch gia tri, v gi lt qua tng trang tn khc. C trang lt qua nh nhng, kh khng; c trang lt qua o t, nh trn gi gin d o ti. Khng ai nu ko c thi gian. c vi tn bn ca ti t bit ci i ny. Khong nm 1980, thnh thong ti gh thm Thy ng Nguyn i Tng Lm, khi c vic ra Vng Tu. Tuy cng l hc tr ca Thy Tch Chiu Bnh Dng, nhng ti vn lun xem Thy ng Nguyn l ni ti cn hc hi nhiu. Mt m ng li i Tng Lm, ti bc ra sn. Thi , cha ny hoang s lm, khng ln nh by gi. m trng sng, ti v Thy ng Nguyn i do trong sn cha. Bt cht, mi hng l nm c li thong qua. Ti hi Thy ng Nguyn c thy mi hng g l khng. Thy ni, ch c gi rng, hng hoa v l rng nh mi ngy thi. Ti ni rng, c mt mi hng l theo ti t mt bui ti nhn vo mt mt c b. Ti khng k thm l khi nhn vo mt c b mt chp, bt cht ti nm tay c b. Nu k ra, thy c g k k. Ai m i k chuyn nm tay, nht l k vi thy cha. D nhin, mt lm sao m c mi hng c. Thy ng Nguyn chm ri ni, nh th l em ang ui bt mt mi hng, c phi khng. Ti khng tr li ch ny, v khng chnh xc nh th, nhng cng khng bit gi thch minh bch ra sao. Thy ng Nguyn ni, ngay khi em ui bt mt mi hng, l ngay khi tm em b mi hng chp bt ri. Thy ni tip, hiu khng. Ti p, em thy l m. Thy ni, th d, by gi em luyn nh ti mt n hn vi c ta... Th y, ti khng c khiu gii thch chuyn g ht. Ch mi hi mt cu, l anh ra ngay mt th d y ng nhn. Thy ng Nguyn v ti vn bc i trong sn Cha i Tng Lm, gia ting gi rng x l xao xc, gia nhng trn gi lch s khc lit ang thi tung khp t nc.
V s huynh ny ni thm, nhng h chy trn mi hng cng l hng ri , v c ui bt v chy trn u sai, u trt. Gic ng m hm , mi hng bay trn ngp trong hn ti. Sng ra, khi ngi ung tr vi Thy ng Nguyn v gt g, ti t nh, ng vy hn mnh b mi hng kia ot ri, ngay khi mnh ui bt hay chy trn l mnh b chp bt ri. Nhng ti khng ni thm vi ng anh chuyn ny na. * My ngy trc khi vt bin, ti ln Bnh Dng thm Thy Tch Chiu. Cha lc vng lm, khng bao nhiu ngi. Qu nh khi ang vo mt thi k say men x hi ch ngha. Khng c li no m t c thi k ny. Nh nc sau ny, gi l thi bao cp. Ni nh th ch l phin din. Nhng d gi g th gi, thi nhiu chuyn cc k au n hn by gi nhiu. Khi ti ni l ti sp ri nc ra i, Thy Tch Chiu ni ti cng i do bc vi thy quanh cha. Thy dn ti ti ngn i sau cha. Ni , chim bay xao xc, nhiu loi chim. Ting chim ku, ha vo ting gi thi. Thy ni vi ging Hu ca ngi vo Nam t lu, rng ti c nghe ting chim ku vi ting gi thi xao xc khng. Ti ni, tha Thy, con nghe c ting chim ku, ting gi thi. Thy ni, tm con trc gi vn lng l, trc gi vn khng tch, trc gi khng c tng mo, nh tm gng trong tro vy,
v by gi khi chim ku th tm con mi khi ra ting chim ku, khi ting gi xao xc th tm con mi khi ra ting gi thi. Do vy, ting chim ku khng h la tnh khng tch. Cc php u khng h la tnh khng tch. Cc php u hin trong tm, d l nhng g con thy hay nghe, nhng g con cm th vui hay bun, nhng g con tham hay sn, u t tnh khng tch khi ln, tr li, ri hoi i v ri mt dng v khng tch. Hy thy nh vy, ng tm mnh tr vo bt k th g. Ti ch l m hiu thi. Nhng ti on rng, ci g l m u l hng. Bui chiu, trc khi ri cha, ti cng k cho thy nghe v mi hng l, vn thng khi phng pht quanh ti, trong c m ln thc. Ti hi, bit rng cc php sinh ri s dit, sao mi hng ny nh dng c cn hoi. D nhin, ti khng k cho Thy nghe chuyn nm tay lm chi. Ti ngi ung tr vi Thy. Chic bn v chic m tr u c k, st m. Ngi cha ny hi xiu dt lm. Trn mi, nhng vin ngi mc ru xanh, ru en nh dng xa c t c ngn nm ri. Ngi cha vng, ca trng gi lung vo tng t khp cha. Hnh nh nh dng ang ti din t mt gic m no , nh dng Thy v ti ngi ung tr t nhiu ngn nm ri, v by gi gp li cng ung tr... Thy cng ni, khi con thy c cm th no khi ln, khi thy c nim tng no khi ln, hy thy rng n ang bin hin, theo tun t thnh tr hoi khng, rng n
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45
QUA IU KHC CA
DNG NGA
NGUYN VIT THNG
Ha s iu khc NGUYN VIT THNG Bt danh: thangmdk Sinh ngy 15/10/1973 ti Hi Phng C nhn M thut cng nghip, chuyn ngnh iu khc Hi vin Hi M thut Hi Phng
Con nga (1) - Gm, H 80cm, 2013
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Con nga (2), Gm H45cm, 2013
Con nga (3), Gm H55cm, 2014. Cha nung, chp khi t vn cn t.
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tip theo trang 43
VI DNG NGA TRONG NN M THUT C TRUYN VIT NAM

dn gian ny, biu l mt ci p gin d, t nhin, vt qua nhng qui thc v c l. Nhng hnh tng nga trong kho tng ngh thut ca t nc khng phi u cch iu (stylis) nh chng ta va gp. Cng cn nhng dng nga khc rt hin thc. Nh ni bc Quang Trung (trang lng H) v nh anh hng o vi, mc o v tng, tay cm gio, tng mo lm lit, ci con nga chin mu , oai phong. Con nga c kho st k, gn nh qua c mt cuc kho st c th hc k lng, nn rt sinh ng, d gi nh n nhng dng nga rt mc ti tnh ca danh ha hn Cn. Hoc trn nhng tc phm iu khc kit xut th k XVII cha Bt Thp (H Bc), c bit ng k l bc chm khc nm con nga trn lan can thnh cu trung tm cha, ni lin hai cm kin trc Nh Thng in v Ta Cu Phm. Mt by nm con nga ang cng nhau a gin, c con thong dong ngh ngi, c con nm nga c lng trn mt t bn v tung ln tri, c con ang tung chn sau ln a nghch vo con khc. im xuyt vo bc ph iu l nhng l c hoang di lm y n ht mi ch trng. Chng ta nn nh l nhng bc ph iu ny rt him hoi gia nhng cng trnh iu khc th k XVII, chnh
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UI BT MT MI HNG
khi ln, rng n ang tr, rng ni ang bin dn, rng ni bin mt. Hy thy trong tm mnh cc php thnh tr hoi khng nh th. Ti ni, th nhng ci mi hng l ny, mi hng theo con c trong gic ng na m. Thy Tch Chiu a tay ch v hng ngn i hi tra, ni nhng cy c th vn cao vi cc bng chim bay ni vng. Thy hi ti, by gi ni , cng vn cn nhng cnh chim bay, vn cn nhng cy l un mnh theo gi... vy th, ting chim ku u ri, ting gi xao xc u ri? Hy nhn vo tm mnh m hi, m xem, rng ai nghe ? Ti ngn ng. Thy lc u du dng. m , ti thy c mi hng bng nhin hin ra hnh cnh chim, hnh cy l xao xc trc gi, v ri mi hng tr thnh nhng tch tr trn bn, ni Thy v ti ngi ni chuyn. * Vo nm 2006, tn Sn t Si Gn email sang cho ti bit, rng c hc tr Gia Long nm xa xm Bn C -- tc l c b tng thnh thong vo sn cha X Li v thng ngi ni chuyn vi ti, ng ra l ni chuyn vi c nhm chng ti t trn v bnh ngt. Hn k rng c ta thng ti sn Cha X Li chi, vi thng trc khi c ta bin mt trn i ny. Ni c ta l theo thi quen, thc ra l cao nin c ri. C khi c ta ti mt mnh, c khi cng i vi b ch. Hai ngi thng ngi ni gh chng ti a ng. Cha lc ny khc lm, khng nh ngy xa. Tn Sn lc ny chuyn dch kinh sch Pht Gio Ty Tng t cc bn Anh ng sang Vit ng. Thng khi nhn c nhng bn kinh sch Anh ng ti hay cc bn trong nhm Viet Nalanda gi v l Sn cm vo sn cha ngi c, nghin ngm ri mt thi gian sau mi bt u dch. Chnh nhng ln ngi sn cha nh th, Sn mi gp li c b. Th ri bng mt thi gian, theo li Sn, b ch c ta gp Sn v ni rng c ta t trn ri. Khng ng em li ra i trc ch. Ch k vi tn Sn, rng trong nhng ngy cui i, khi bnh cha ti lc lit ging, c ta bo b ch thnh thong ch ra sn cha ngi. Khi ch hi chi vy, c ta tr li l c ta nh mt mi hng. Ch mi ni, mun c mi hng ngc lan, ch s ch ti mt sn cha khc, ni c trng nhiu cy ngc lan hn, thm na Cha X Li by gi khng cn vng v ngi nh
nhng nga th tr na. C ta lc u, theo li ch k vi tn bn ti. Khi c ti , ti ngc nhin t hi, sao c nng li nh mi hng, v nh th, mi hng kia l c tht... Ti in thoi v hi Sn, th b ch kia c k nhng g na khng. Tn ny ni l khng, khng nghe k g na ht. Hnh nh c v ti hi kiu tra vn hi nhiu. Tn bn ni, thi th t trn l chuyn bnh thng, tui no cng c th ra i c, Thy ng Nguyn tch ri, ri tn Hin cng cht ri... sinh bnh lo t m. Ti lng l, khng hi g thm. * m , trong khi ngi thin, i mt c ta hin ra, v bn tay ti rung ng nh ang nm tay c ta, v mi hng li bay thong quanh ti. Ti m to mt, nhn vo bc tng trng trc mt, ti c cm gic nh thy c mi hng. Thy c mi hng? ng vy. M hng ny khng phi l ln khi, khng mang hnh dng g ht... Ti t hi, ti sao lai c cm gic thy c bng mt. Nhng ng l thy c, mi hng hin quanh mnh, trong khi n chim t ngn ni Bnh Dng v bay xao xc quanh ti. Nhm mt cng thy chim bay, v cng thy mi hng phng pht. Ti ng dy, vo bn v ngh rng mnh ph v li mi hng trn giy. Ti tng hc v hai thp nin trc, nhng b lu ri, v khng c th gi. Mi hng l v hnh
m, ti t nh, nhng sao mnh li c cm gic l thy mi hng. Khng phi v ln tc, khng phi v t o, khng phi v bt k th g khc mi hng. Phi v ng mi hng khi ti nm tay c b, ti t nh nh th. Ngay khi cm c ln, ti mi nhn ra rng khng c g t c trn i ny c. Khng c mi hng no l t c c. Ti nh li Thy Tch Chiu ni nm xa, rng khi ti tr v sn cha ngi v khi trn i vn cn chim ku v vn cn gi thi o t, vy th ting chim ku v ting gi bt u. Ti v vng trn Thin Tng ln giy. Mc tu loang trn giy, v ti thy mnh hin ra trn , trn nt mc , c khun mt ca ti, c khun mt ca nng, c ting ci ca my tn bn a nghch sn cha X Li, c ting chim ku trn ni Bnh Dng, c ting Thy ng Nguyn ni vng li t i Tng Lm, c ting sng bin Vng Tu, v trong nt mc trc mt ti tt c nhng m thanh ca trn gian ny... Ti mm ci trc trang giy vi nt v vng trn Thin Tng. Vy , khi khng c mt ai ng ni i chim , nhng m thanh u. Ti nghe li ging t tn ca Thy Bnh Dng, rng khi khng c mt tm no ni , cnh kia u hin ra. Vng, tha Thy, con bit, sc tc l khng, v khng tc l sc. Bui tra hm , khi ti ti mt ngi cha Qun Cam v nh mt v s ghi tn c ta vo danh sch cu siu trong 49 ngy. Lc , ti mi nh rng
mnh qun tn c ta ri, iu rt l v hm qua khi vit email cho tn bn, ti cn ghi y c tn ln h c nng, trong khi tn bn ch nh mi tn c ta thi. Ti ly iPhone ra, m email c xem li. Ting tng kinh khng ngt t chnh in vng ra, trong khi v s v ti ngi ni bn khch gia hng ngi i ti i lui. Mt iu l na xy ra: email ti tr li tn bn v c ta cng bin mt, khng cn ni u c, k c trong ni lu gi cc email xa. Ti ngh, by gi cn trong hn 49 ngy va ra i, hn l c ta giu email gin vi mnh trc khi i xa. V s gi hi li, Pht t h g. Ti ghi xung giy mt vng ch trn, nh hnh vng khuyn v p rng con khng bit c ny h g. Ti ni thm, lc xng h tn c ta, thy ch cn g mt mt ting chung nh l . V s gi mm ci. Bi v cu siu thiu tn h l bnh thng, v t nc tri qua qu nhiu cuc chin tranh. Khi ti bc ra cng cha, mi hng l kia li thoang thong. Nhng ti bit ri, l hon ton khng c ai ui bt mi hng c, v cng khng thc s c mi hng no c ui bt hay chy trn c. V cc php t thn l vng lng, d mi hng c n hay i. Lc , ti cht nh i mt lp lnh ca c nng. Ting tng kinh t cha vng ra, sc bt d khng, khng bt d sc... PHAN TN HI
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SA SANG
HONG LONG
hi bt cht nhn ra mnh hay i x ph phng nht vi nhng ni chn, nhng ngi yu thng mnh nht th khi y con ngi ta gi. Hay t nht cng c t nhiu s tng tri. Nh nhng thng nm xa, sau nhng n nghit ng anh c th ln xe tm v Lt, mt chn bnh yn cho tm hn mnh c th dng thng, lm du mt cn kht sa mc. V ni c n anh v, lun lun vi tm lng m rng, lng l chm sc m khng hi han chi. Tht kinh ngc cho anh v cng tht ngu ngc cho anh khi c xem l chuyn ng nhin, khng cn thc mc g c. Nhng ri anh cng gi v chng cn iu g khao kht na. C nhng c vng ngy xa khi tu thnh ri anh cng thy n chng ng gi g n th. S khm phc ca mt vi ngi, s ghen ght ca nhiu ngi khng h lm thm hay bt i gi tr con ngi anh. Anh vn l anh thi, vn y mt mi nh xa n gi. Khi
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anh mi nhn ra chn xa ca mnh tiu ty ru r nh th no v anh ph phng tn bo n bao nhiu. Anh n xe tr v nh. Con ng tr v di ci nhn tnh thc tht p, ch c iu xa nay anh khng h , u c ton c mng ho huyn nn khng thy mt cht g c thi. Nhng tn cy xanh mt ven ng i, ln khi trng bay trong tri chiu. Bng nhng cy da xa xm, dng sng m m qu. i qua nhng bng hiu lp lnh nh n, nhng qun nhu m khp ni vi nhng em chn di vy ngn. Cuc i sao ging s ngy trang. Nh nhng em gi khoc ln mnh b vy ngn, iu b bn ct ngy trang mt ci lng rch bm nh tu chui trong gi chiu. Nh nhng bng hiu xanh che giu i nhng ming cm manh o; nh di b mt ci che giu bit bao nhiu gm ao. Anh cng ngy trang bao nhiu lu vi chnh bn thn mnh ri? Sao anh khng dm nhn thng vo ci lng nhu nt ca anh sm hn v tm cch cha tr n ni gn nh v phng cu cha? May qu, anh cn bit tm ng tr v. Chuyn xe m c i ha vo dng i tri chy. Khi ln mt chic cu cao, anh thy dng n xe ngc chiu c lp lnh nh nhng chic n om m. Dng thc nh sng y c nh la c vo ngi anh rn ngp. V tri cao c sao, c c trng. Tuy cha trn lm nhng cng rt sng soi. Sao m ng v p qu. Ri xe tri m m qua con ng quc l. Thy ng Nai lp lnh nh n cho mng Ging Sinh, anh cng mong bnh an di th. Nhng chic hang lm bng giy bc dng cnh Thin Cha Ging sinh cng m m sng soi nhng con ng nh ti tm. Hy vng lng ngi cng sng thm mt cht. Qua ng ba Du Giy th con ng chm vo m ti, chic xe i qua nhng
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hng cy cao su tri di. m vng nhng khng trng tri. Anh nghe mt khc nhc si m tim mnh. Qua o Bo Lc ri Prenn quanh co khc khuu, anh v nh mnh lc ba gi khuya. Mt gic ng bnh yn ch i. Anh dnh mt ngy sp xp li gi sch. Nhng quyn sch c theo anh bao nhiu nm nm ln lc bun hiu c anh lau sch v sp li trang trng vo t sch. Chng lm xong vic ca mnh v gi xng ng c ngh ngi mt ch xng ng trong k sch nh anh. Ri n nhng chic va ly c, chic my nh h, chic radio c nt anh u lau sch v ct cn thn vo nh kho vi lng bit n v cm t. Anh cht nhn ra rng khi mnh lau chi cn thn sch s mt vt g , khng nht thit phi gn lin vi k nim, tm mnh cng sng ln, vui ti hn nhiu. Bui ti anh ung tr ngoi hin ngm trng lng l. Anh lc li nhng iu qu kh khng mun nh v c nhng iu khng th qun ra t t lau dn chng bng tm tng. Chng cng hon thnh s mnh ca mnh, gip anh trng thnh nh ngy hm nay v xng ng c t vo v tr trang trng trong bo tng k c. Ln lt anh lau chi cn thn tng mnh k nim sng long nh gng. Tm thc anh m ra bt ngt. Anh dn dp qu kh v gi c th tn ty sng trong hin ti, tn hng nim vui hin hu mi ngy. Anh c th ni vi chnh mnh I am awake. SG, Ngy 23/12/2013
HONG LONG
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tip theo trang 7

mnh. C th mi duy tr ni cng l, duy tr c s qun bnh x hi. V nu x hi lon th lp tc t do b tc ot; hoc t do b tc ot th lp tc x hi cng lon: _ Ci ny hin hu th ci kia hin hu; _ Ci ny khng hin hu th ci kia khng hin hu. _ Ci ny sinh thnh th ci kia sinh thnh; _ Ci ny hy dit th ci kia hy dit [1] _ Kinh A Hm o pht oan chc th, thc t quyt nhn th, l bin dch sinh ha ca vn vt l th. Ngi Pht t khng th qun c tiu chun ca o Pht. Chng ta cn thc thi nguyn tc ny trong cuc sng, cng gii quyt nhng b tc hin nay, xy dng mt th gii m trong , tinh thn t hu, t chc gia nh vn tn ti ha hp trong t chc quc gia, vn tn ti song hnh trong t chc quc t v tinh thn nhn loi, chm dt chin tranh, iu ha mc sng cho trn khp mt t, iu ha giai cp trong x hi, khng cn th hn u tranh. Mt khi th hn tan dn, lng tham nh bt, th mc tiu gii thot sng t trc bc i ca con ngi; v chiu hng thng ca tn gio chn chnh hn nhin phi c con ngi thc hin, gii quyt s vn ti ca tm linh siu thot. Vi mt tnh thng v bin, tnh ngi thm thit, vi mt cn bn t do t tng, vi mt phng php t tu, t gic, t chng, cao nng lc v ch ca con ngi. Vi mt nhn thc tng hp rng ln; mt kh nng dung ha t nh, mt thi dung d hiu ha, o Pht chc chn iu kin Trao cho thi i mt ni dung cuc sng trn y hnh phc. Nhng ai l ngi trao ni dung vo i? Hn nhin l Pht t. o Pht cn n hoa kt tri hay khng, khng ch my tng kinh in m chnh nhng ngi hong php hm nay c c, tr, ti, nng; c bit thch ng vi hon cnh x hi, a o Pht vo thi i, lm cho o Pht sng mnh, sng, p, trn mi ni, trong mi lc, thch hp vi mi ngi mi trnh tr thc, mi giai cp. o Pht cn trng tn hay khng l nh . o Pht c p ng c i hi ng thi khng, nh . Chng ta hn c ln nghe thy t ca ming nhng ngi cn mang nng thnh kin h phi, hoc v cha hiu thu o Pht, cho o Pht l mt tn gio khng tnh cm, v thn, ym th xa la cuc i, phn bi nhn bn lm cn tin ha ca x hi. Tt nhin, h c quyn t do ca h, h c hoi nghi, ph bnh v la chn. V, o Pht khng phi l mt tn l. o Pht khng v on. o Pht khng buc ai phi tin theo rp khun nh mnh. o Pht ch l mt li hng dn, hng dt con ngi t trng thi tham lam m mui sang trng thi trong trinh siu thot. Cn thc chng
c hay khng l do ni nhng con ngi tip nhn o Pht c gng cng thng ha nghip lc ca mnh hay khng. y, chng ta khng lm cng vic thanh minh cho o Pht, v s tn ti trn hai nghn nm trm nm nay, v o Pht dung hp c vi dn tc tnh cc nc ng, ang ri nh sng chn l vo np sng c kh Ty phng, tha ni rng: o Pht khng nng cn nh s nng cn ca nhng ngi ng ngoi, ng pht qua vo ci v ca o Pht, ri ch bai, ng vc... (Tuy chng ta khng lm cng vic thanh minh.) Nhng chng ta c bn phn ni ting ni chn chnh ca ngi Pht t, lm sng sng ca o Pht, hng bt i cho con ngi phn no ng nhn; hng khai quang cho nhn thc ca con ngi khng nhng v o Pht, m cn v mi vn khc na. Nu hiu tnh cm theo ngha cm xc am m vt dc th o Pht khng ch trng duy tr tht, tuy khng duy tr nhng o Pht khng chi rng: th gii chng ta, mt th gii trong cn y ry dc vng m cung, cn nhng ham mun th cht. Tnh cm ca con ngi thng nhum thm sc dc; tnh cm khng thun tu biu l t tm linh trong trinh, m tnh cm cn pha ln tnh cht sinh l v bi cnh x hi na. Do , c Th Tn mnh danh cho cnh gii chng ta l Dc gii (Kmadhtuh) mt th gii m s sinh, tr, d, dit cn ty thuc hon ton vo vt dc, am m th cht. Cao hn cnh gii chng ta l cnh Sc gii (Rpadhtuh), th gii ca thn tin, sinh, tr, d, dit khng bng vt dc m bng s rung ng sc tnh. Cao hn hai cnh gii Dc, Sc l cnh V sc gii (rpyadhtuh), y i sng khng bng vt dc hay sc tnh m bng thc quan tng ng, tng giao; nhng vn cn trong vng sinh
t phin no. Vt khi ba cnh gii ny mi ti c trng thi sinh khng siu thot, trng thi ca cc bc i gic, mt cnh trong trinh ton trit, khng vng vng sinh t lun hi. c Pht cng sng trong cnh dc gii nh ta, nhng Ngi t chin u vi mnh gn lc tnh cm vt dc am m, pht khi tnh cm tm linh trong sch, th hin qua c t bi, i tr, h x. Tinh cm ca Ngi khng chu buc di sng tc ngi n b, khng ch yu ring mnh, v nhng g thuc v mnh, khng ch bit ti cha m, v con, quyn qu. Tnh cm ca Ngi tro ra rung ng vi tt c chng sinh kh au. Tnh cm y pht xut t tm th t bi. Nu o Pht khng c tnh
cm, th c Thch Ca chng bao gi xut gia, chng bao gi quan tm bn khon trc cnh sinh t, nim thng thit ca th nhn, trc cnh tranh ginh git chc gia chng sinh tham sng m chng hay bit c rng mnh ang cht, v tt nhin khng c cnh bng con cu non trn ng ct bi... Tnh cm ca siu nhn l . Tnh cm ca o Pht l ; m ch mi c c ngha chn thc ca tnh cm, mt th tnh cm tm linh trong sch. Bo rng o Pht v thn th qu l vi vng, qu l ch quan, khng hiu g v o Pht c. Nhng, nu tm o Pht mt v thn c bn tnh bit yu ght, c uy quyn, tc l c nhn -cch -ha theo c tng tng ca con ngi th
Sang ma
Chng nh ma mi sang Bui sng m sng m t Bc ra ngoi, tri gi ngc Ht tung mi tc bi bi Nng hiu ht nh khng th Vng hoe chic l va ri Pht ph na i lu lc Xung, ln mi qu ngi Bn l, i chn ht hng Tm hoi con sng xa, xa Ni bun gh qua my bn Mt sao mi lc qu nh Lng nghe m m gi h Ci kh mt ting mnh mng Na i lm thn l th Bun, vui c ta bng khng Bng khung thy mnh bng l Xe tay, mt nm h khng Vc ngc thi gian xa lc M sng tri dt bnh bng Th ra, nhn tri, ngng mt Qunh hiu nhen nhm ci lng Thy ta t trong tin kip V thng mt a thinh khng. TRNH GIA M
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Mi Em Ngi Xung
TRN VN L
nh nh va ni vi nhau: Cho Ngy Nm Mi, Mnh Cho Tt Vui! Hnh nh cu mun i / thnh nht tng khi tri vo Xun? Hnh nh cu bng khung ca ngi xa x mi ln ng my?
i my my bay bay bayph vn o nh vn y bn ma! C ma no chng ma Th, gi chng sch c, ngi xav rng! Bun, vui khng giu trong lng, thy sao t vy, gi cng th gian Con c gp nc, hn hoan. Con rng gp m my vng, ln thi! Gp em, anh tht nn li, gp anh em n n cil duyn. Ma Xun, ma ca nhn tin, nhm i mt li em hin nh m! Ma Xun ma ca nng Th, c chng gnh mng i m chn my Chng i Bc, chng i Ty, i ng, Nam buc vng vy i nngTh m, c m my tan, bit bao nhiu c mng tn theo trng Hnh nh va gp c nhn? Tha hng, c qun, phn vn sm chiuNh ai vai vt khn iu, nh xa mnh th con diu giy bayGp em, gp li chn my cn xa mun dm chn my mt mng! C ma Xun, c nh nhung, mi em ngi xung mnh cng ngm hoa
nht nh khng c o Pht. Nu hiu thn theo ngha tm - thn -thng -hng trong trinh -bn -th -ca -thc -hu, mt chn l cao tt m tm thc con ngi lun lun vn ti, t c trng thi trong trinh y, th hn nhin l c. Tm thn l bn th ca thc hu, nn c trong mi loi, mi vt, nhng v vng nim m lm, nh nhng lp sa m che ph, khin tri thc con ngi khng thy c. Con ngi cn gn lc tnh cm trinh khit, khai quang tr tu, y lui tham vng u mui, mi mong lm sng c tm thn t ti, ha c vi tm thn i th. Nh th o Pht khng phi l V m l Hu thn. Thn khng u xa, thn khng ban phc ging ha m thn trong mi ngi, mi vt, ch cn lm sng tm thn l t c chn l cao nht ca cuc i. o Pht mnh danh cho tm thn nhiu tn gi khc nhau nh: Pht tnh, Chn nh, Tnh cnh, Nit Bn... u biu hin nim trong trinh thng hng ca tm th, tt c u thu vo mt ch Tm m tm th mi loi, mi vt u c th t tu, t luyn t gic, t chng ly cnh gii trong sng ca tm -th. Bi quan nim Tm l bn th ni ti ni mi ngi, mi vt, nn chng nhng o Pht khng lm hn con ngi m chnh li lm cho gi tr, a v v kh nng con ngi thm cao, thm mnh. Tuy o Pht dng chung t chng sinh ch nhng chng loi hu tnh, nhng vn c im khc nhau, l ni nghip lc ca mi vt, mi loi. Loi ngi vo cp bc cao nht trong chng sinh. Loi ngi l chng cui cng ca dc gii, c kh nng chng ng thot khi vng sinh t lun hi. Nu dng theo t ng ng thi th o Pht ni ln y v trn vn ngha Nhn bn nht. o Pht mnh bo v thng thn phng tr tu vo thc t au kh cuc i, khng trn trnh s tht ch
ca kip ngi, khng li, van xin, trng i s bao bc tr gip ca bt c mt ngoi lc no, m t tm chnh ni mnh t gii thot mnh v gii phng i. Con ngi ch gii thot c thn phn khi no t gic chng thi. Nu t mnh khng cu mnh th khng ai cu mnh ni, mnh phi hon tt trch nhim v cng trnh tu dng ca mnh, khng ai gnh cho mnh c. C chng, ngi khc ch tip tay cho mnh, cng lm l hng dn cho mnh trong mt phm vi no . Cn quyt nh ti hu vn do ni mnh. l iu tm nguyn ca ngi Pht t i theo hng Pht. cao c T ch, t do v t to, th nht nh o Pht khng bao gi ym th, khng trn trnh cuc i v trch nhim i vi con ngi. o Pht lun lun p ng vi nhu cu tr thc v nghip lc ca mi ngi, mi loi. mi ngi, mi loi, o Pht u c phng php hng dn ring t thn mi ngi, mi loi thng ha thn phn mnh. S d c s ng nhn trn l do ni c t bi, thi bao dung, khoan ha ca ngi Pht t chn chnh in hnh, lun lun chu ng phn thit, vui v tha th nhiu hn l cnh tranh bng bt. Nh vy l can m v kh khn lm mi gi ni thi dung d trc nhng chng tai gai mt . V, ngi Pht t d sao cng ch l mt ngi vn cn nng nhiu vi cnh tnh dc gii, nhng khc hn ngi thng l bit lm ch mnh, lm ch hnh ng ca mnh, khng cho nhng hnh ng thnh xun ng. Tt c Pht t hiu o php u hiu rng: cnh tranh, tham lam, chng nhng khng p g m ch lm tng thm au kh cho mnh, cho i thi. Nn khng ln vo vng li danh, nhng vi ngha v lm ngi, bn phn i vi x hi, Pht t d chu x thn cng khng than tic. Nu khng c s hiu bit , o Pht chng th tn ti trn
hai thin nin k v o Pht cng chng t vn hong-dng chnh php lm chi na. Nu cho rng o Pht lm cn tin ha ca nhn loi th hy xt li . Nhng cuc cch mng x hi hin nay n sau cc phong tro gii phng thn phn con ngi khi phong ta thn quyn vi mc ch tm ly s T ch cho con ngi, T do cho t tng v T to ly cuc sng vn minh, chnh c o Pht thuyt minh ngay t lc c Pht thnh o. Nh vy l i trc tin ha trn hai nghn nm trm nm ch khng phi l i sau, hay cn bc lch s. Vi mt ch t to, cha h bao
gi o Pht km hm s tin b ca k thut khoa hc m ch pht tm em vo cho x hi, cho nhng tin b vt cht y mt ni dung Pht-cht, k thut khi quay li tn st con ngi, ph tn x hi. *** Lc ny hn lc no ht, x hi ang i hi mt hng tin: Ngh thut, hc thut, k thut ang i hi mt ni dung thng vui, minh mn v thc t cung ng cho con ngi thi i, o Pht c mi yu t . Th nhng t trc n nay con ngi thng ch tm ni o Pht mt tn gio di hnh thc c knh, thm uyn, chm
mnh trong mu o ting chung, trong vic cng Pht cu siu. Tin Pht nh tin tri, th Cha. Linh thing ha c Pht nh mt thng ton nng, c quyn ban pht n lnh. S lm lc ny khng nhng hi cho cng cuc tu chng ca mnh, m chng lm v vang g cho o Pht c; tri li, cn thm nhiu nhng tm mn che khut mt mt ni dung o Pht sng, p, thc tin, khin cho nhng ngi cha hiu, ng nhn nhiu iu ng tic v o Pht. Nu ta khng ct b c tm mn hnh thc dy c ang bao trm o Pht th t ta, t ni ng tn ca ta, ta
xem tip trang 57
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tip theo trang 48
VI DNG NGA TRONG NN M THUT C TRUYN VIT NAM

l tip tc truyn thng c o, khc tc trn ca m thut i Vit L Trn, ngy ny c cc nh nghin cu nh gi cao v to nn mt v p rt sng ng v c o, rt sinh lc v hin thc (6). Hoc trn cng trnh kin trc nh lng nh Bng (th k XVIII,) trn hng lan can ngay chnh gian gia, cnh nhng chm khc Tng Lc v S t h cu, bc chm ni tm con nga vn quen gi l Bt m qun phi l mt tc phm ht sc ng lu . Tm con nga lin hon ni tip nhau, mi con trong mt th ring, con th ang phi nc kiu, con khc trong th chm mnh ly lao v pha trc. C con ang ngh ngi, ci xung gp c, c con nh ang ngng u ln nghe ngng iu g, v con khc na th ang nhn nh tung tng thoi mi. C by nga u rt p, chc khe, rn ri, c bp y n, thn hnh cn i, hi ha, hin ra trong nhng ng thi t nhin, ngha l c xem xt, kho st, chn lc k lng qua mt cm quan thm m vng chc.
V rt gn gi vi chng ta, ni ngi cha Ngha Nhun Hi Qun th Quan V qun 5 Si Gn, pho tng nga th y qu mang li nhiu thch th cho ngi thng ngon; ci p y chnh l ci thc, l ci thc nhng bit t chuc thm ln. Ngi tc tng l mt ngh nhn chuyn v iu khc g dn gian, nhng r rng y cng l mt ngh s rt nghim tc trong sng to ngh thut, rt chc tay trong to dng, t n tnh in hnh cao, v hn nhin l c nhiu hiu bit su sc v c th hc. Chng l g khi chng ta nghe ng Vng Hng Sn trm tr: Tng Xch-th-m bng g sn mi, trng y nh thit, khng cha no c tng kho hn, l l thi nay cn ngh s c bit ti nh vy nn cng mng. (7)
Duyt li ton b nhng bng dng, phong cch v nga trong nn ngh thut to hnh Vit Nam, c hai ging chnh thng v dn gian, chng ta thy r rng ging th hai thuc v nhn dn, khi gp ma n r (c bit th k XVI, XVII, XVIII) tun tro mt m iu rn rng, vui ti, bay nhy, phng khong, y sc sng chn thc, v cng ti mt v sinh ng. c th dn thm y mt cht t d in hnh l hnh nga trn gch nung cha u (Thng Tn, H Sn Bnh, th k XVI,) hay dng nga nh nhng uyn chuyn gia hoa c trn bia cha Linh Quang (Hi Phng) chm khc nm 1709, t r mt s phng khong bay bng gia tnh cm su xa, ri pht l bi mt hnh thc biu hin vng vng, chc nch m thc rt thanh nh.
Tt nhin, rt nhiu ni kh m c mt s phn bit rch ri gia hai ging ngh thut y, nhng d th no ngi ngh s dn gian t hi th nng nn ca cuc sng bc vo tc phm ngh thut mt cch rt t nhin, nn htot khi nhng qui cch hp hi c hu. Ngy nay, i vi chng ta, c hai ging ngh thut y u tp hp thnh mt trong lng mt nn vn ha thng nht, cho nn tt c nhng dng nga y d ni u, u c ch ng p trong k c dn tc, khng nhng l vn ling ca hm nay m cn l mt phn hnh trang ti bi cho c ngy mai.
HUNH HU Y Trch M THUT VIT NAM NGY XA Vn Mi xut bn 2013
tip theo trang 43
PHT T VIT NAM:

Vit Nam ni chung v Gio Hi Pht Gio Vit Nam Thng Nht ni ring l th hin tinh thn khai phng, bnh ng, dn ch v tn trng phm gi con ngi trong truyn thng Pht Gio. Tng s Pht Gio khng lm chnh tr. Hy nhn vo thc t lch s thy rng cc v Tng s Pht Gio ch vn ng cho t do, bnh ng, dn ch, v nhn quyn cho ngi dn m khng mu cu hay i hi quyn li hay a v chnh tr no. Khng c v gio phm lnh o no sau cc cuc vn ng ni trn ra ng c hay m nhn chc v ny a v kia trong chnh quyn. iu cn lu l trong tt c mi cuc vn ng ni trn ca Pht Gio Vit Nam t nm 1963 n nay, Pht Gio khng bao gi ch trng lt bt c ch no. Pht Gio ch i hi chnh quyn no ch p quyn t do, bnh ng, dn ch v nhn quyn th hy tr li cho ngi dn nhng quyn cn bn phi c m thi. Mt iu na cng cn thy r l Pht Gio khng ch trng chng i vi tm th hn v hnh ng bo lc i vi bt c c nhn, chnh quyn, tn gio, ng phi hay ch nghi no trong sut cc cuc vn ng ni trn. Vy ti sao Pht Gio phi vn ng? V quyn li ca ngi dn v v xy dng v pht trin t nc. Quyn li g ca ngi dn? Quyn t do, bnh ng, dn ch, v nhn quyn m mi ngi dn u ng phi c c, v cc chnh quyn t nhn l cng ha, dn ch phi c trch nhim thc thi cc quyn t do, bnh ng, dn ch, v nhn quyn cho mi cng dn. Khi nhng quyn phi c ny ca ngi dn khng c thc thi hay b ch p th ngi Pht t vi t cch l nhng cng dn c quyn ng ln vn ng v i hi cc chnh quyn phi nghim chnh thi hnh. Xy dng v pht trin t nc nh th no? Mt t nc mun vn minh, tin b, giu mnh,
c ni lc dn tc vng chc bo v quyn t quyt dn tc, sc chng li cc cuc xm lng ca ngoi bang, v gi gn ton vn lnh th th dn tc trong t nc y phi c t do, bnh ng, dn ch, v nhn quyn. Cc cuc vn ng nhn quyn, t do v dn ch t 50 nm qua ti Vit Nam ca Pht Gio khng ngoi mc ch gip xy dng ni lc dn tc chng li cc cuc xm lng ca ngoi bang, gm c cc cuc xm lng vn ha, thc h v qun s. Cng nh khi lnh th ca t nc Vit Nam b xm lng th ngi Pht t Vit Nam phi c bn phn v trch nhim bng cch ny hay cch khc bo v. Cc Pht t Vit Nam nh minh qun Trn Nhn Tng, danh tng L Thng Kit, danh tng Tu Trung Thng S Trn Tung, danh tng Trn Hng o, hin thn Nguyn Tri, v.v ng gp xng ng cng lao cho cng cuc bo v s ton vn lnh th. Trong lch s Vit Nam c rt nhiu gng sng ca nhng ngi c s Pht t tham gia vo cng vic iu hnh quc s l nhng minh qun, hin thn, danh tng, v chnh khch o c bit hy sinh cho i s quc gia dn tc. Ngi c s Pht t c khuyn khch tham chnh em ti c ca mnh ra xy dng v pht trin t nc. Nhiu ngi ngh rng tham chnh l lm chnh tr l tri vi tinh thn t bi tr tu ca o Pht.
C l quan nim ny bt ngun t s chng kin nhng th on, c tm, d tm, v k, ng phi, ch ngha c nhn v thc h trong chnh trng v ang xy ra mi ngy trn th gii v ngay trn t nc Vit Nam. Nhng, iu khng c ngha rng t thn chnh tr l xu, v tt c nhng ngi lm chnh tr u xu. Chnh tr l quyn cn bn m mi ngi dn u phi c v cc chnh quyn phi c trch nhim bo v quyn y cho mi cng dn, theo Cng c Quc T V Quyn Dn S v Chnh Tr ca Lin Hip Quc. Nh th, lm chnh tr khng phi l xu m l ci quyn ca ngi dn gip dn gip nc. i vi hng ng c s Pht t vic tham chnh c khuyn khch v em ra thi hnh tinh thn t bi tr tu v li tha xy dng v pht trin x hi. Nhiu nh chnh tr ni danh hin nay c c th gii knh n v hnh x trong sch v tm lng v dn v nc thc s ca h, nh C Tng Thng Nam Phi Nelson Mandela va t trn u thng 12 nm 2013, nh n Dn Biu Min in Aung San Suu Kyi l mt Pht T lm rng danh dn tc Min in ca b. Tuy nhin, tt c nhng th t do, dn ch v nhn quyn bn ngoi x hi u tng i v gii hn. C nhiu ngi sut i vn ng cho t do, dn ch v nhn quyn, nhng li b tri buc trong ci v c ca v k nh hp v b n l
bi lng tham lam, th hn v si m n ni ch bit c th t do, dn ch v nhn quyn ca c nhn mnh m qun mt t do, dn ch, v nhn quyn ca ngi khc. Khi chnh con ngi cha t gii thot ra khi xing xch v minh, v ng, cha t lm ch c thn tm trc nhng thao tng ca tham, sn, si v cha thng hoa i mnh ln gi tr nhn bn thc s, th khng th c c s t do, dn ch, v nhn quyn ch thc cho chnh h cng nh cho nhng g h lm vi ngi khc. Thc hnh Chnh Php gic ng v gii thot ca c Pht c hiu qu s gip ngi Pht t t c t do thc s trong chnh mnh i vi tt c mi tri buc ca lng v ng, tham lam, th hn v si m. Thc hnh Chnh Php tr tu v t bi ca c Pht, ngi Pht t s bit lng nghe v tn trng c nguyn v phm gi ca ngi khc. chnh l nhng yu tnh c bn t trong ni th ca mt ngi c th th hin ra bn ngoi li sng t do, dn ch v tn trng nhn phm ca ngi khc. Nh th, bng phm c ca ngi Pht t c tu tp v t c li lc trong Pht Php, ngi Pht t Vit Nam s sng c ngha v gp phn xng ng trong vai tr v bn phn ca mt ngi cng dn nc Vit.
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never ends: the search for home is a contant flux of arrivals and departures, exits and entries from various locations (6). Ti liu va c trch dn l mt nghin cu v gii tr c ng vng Ty Sydney thuc ngun gc Trung ng v Chu , k c Vit nam. Trong mt cuc nghin cu khc, do SBS Corporation bo tr, gii tr gc Vit c phn ng rt tch cc v r rt v bo tn vn ha (80% +), v thng thc nhc Vit nam (80% +), v am hiu ngun gc vn ha gia nh (80% +) v coi c i Li l nh home (60% +) (7). Tuy nhin, phn ng tch cc y c v nh khng c c th ha bng hnh ng tng xng. Ti c, ting Vit khng c coi l ngn ng chin lc (nh trng hp ting Quan Thoi, ting Nht, ting Bahasha Indonesia...), nn rt t ngi khng thuc ngun gc Vit nam theo hc. Cn sinh vin hc sinh gc Vit cng khng chn hc cc mn Vit ng, Vit vn, mc ng o cn thit, n ni cc
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V bi ny xin c kt thc vi my vn th sau y ca John Howard Payne: An exile from home splendor dazzles in vain; Oh, give me my lovely thatchd cottage again! The birds singing gaily that came at my call; Give me them with the peace of mind clearer than all. Home, sweet home. Xin trn trng cm n qu v v xin cu chc i Hi Quc T Y Nha Dc S Vit Nam T Do K 5 ti Sydney thnh cng. (Sydney, 28 thng 12 nm 2004) LS LU TNG QUANG AO, l Gim c SBS Radio, c quan truyn thanh quc gia vn ha a nguyn ca Lin Bang Australia. Notes:
(1) Mandy Thomas, Dreams in the Shadows VietnameseAustralian Lives in transition, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1999. (trang 122, 62, 154) (2) Thomas T. Professor and M. Balnaves, New Land, Last Home: The Vietnamese Elderly and the Family Migration Program, Bureau of Immigration Research, Canberra, 1993. (3) Ngc Hn (ed.) c San
song ng Xun Canh Ng, Sydney, 1990, No.2 (Hi Ph N Vit nam NSW): Ph N Vit Nam Gia Hai Dng Vn Ha Vietnamese Women Between Two Cultures by Lu Tng Quang. (trang 4) (4) Casula Powerhouse Arts Centre, In-Between 1.5 Generation Viet-Aust, Sydney 2002 Lost and Found A New Homeland: The Role and Characteristics of the 1.5 Generation by Lu Tng Quang/ Chiu Chiu Ra ng Ng Sau: Vai Tr v c Tnh ca Th H Mt Ri, Ngc Hn chuyn ng. (5) Migration Heritage Centre and Centre for Cultural Research, Generate: Mapping Youth Culture and Migration Heritage in Western Sydney, Sydney 2000. (trang 17)
(6) Nguyn Xun Quang, Ting Vit Huyn Diu, Hng Vit, Anaheim Ca., 2004. (7) Ang, Ien Professor & others, Living Diversity Australias Multicultural Future, Sydney, 2002. (8) Nguyt san Khi Hnh, Santa Ana, CA, s 98, thng 12 nm 2004.
khoa Vit Hc ti nhiu Vin i Hc c phi ng ca t nhiu nm qua. Hin nay, Victoria University Melbourne l vin i hc duy nht cn ging dy mn Vit hc. Tnh trng ny cng khng khc g M. Theo gio s Trn Chn Tr, vic ging dy Vit ng ti University of California at Irvine ang gp nhiu tr ngi ln. Ngoi vn ct gim ngn sch, thay i hc k, ting Vit hay vn ha Vit dng nh cha sc hp dn sinh vin khng phi l ngi Vit. (8). Ni tm li, trong 30 nm qua, cng ng Vit nam nc ngoi vt qua rt nhiu tr ngi vt cht v tinh thn gt hi c thnh cng trong hu ht mi lnh vc sinh hot v th thch vn ha ln lao trc mt l n lc v ngun ca th h th hai v nhng th h k tip. Nu con chu chng ta cn quan tm tm cu tr li home away from home, but is it still sweet home? th chng ta c th lc quan c.
O BT TRONG DN GIAN
khi ng qua sng nc ta. Cc kin nu ln cho thy vo th k th hai, th ba ti Giao Ch c nhiu ngi tho lun v ph bnh Khng Mnh mt cch c thc v c h thng. Lc Tp Kinh c nhng c gng i chiu, tng hp lun l chnh tr Nho gio vi o l nh Pht. Trong Kinh bnh lun cc quy tc lun l Nho gio vi chi tit c th, bn thng cc ti quan thit nht trong Nho gio, nh ch Hiu, ch Nhn. L Mnh Tht suy lun rng cun kinh ny khng th xut pht t n . Bi v cc trit gia n chc khng quen thuc vi nhng khi nim ca lun l Nho gio nh th. Ch nhng ngi sng nc ta vo th k th hai, th ba, mi bit n v quan tm n ch Hiu, ch Nhn trong Nho Gio, do mun tho lun v cch p dng o Hiu nh th no, trong khi dng th gii quan, nhn sinh quan o Pht. Nu khng c sng tc a phng, Lc Tp Kinh it nht cng c nhiu on do cc tng s sng ti Giao chu vit thm vo. Vic san nhun, hiu nh ny cho thy gii tr thc ngi Vit thi mun tip thu Nho gio vi tinh thn c lp, ph phn, nh h c sn vn ling t tng hc t Pht Gio. Gii tr thc Giao Chu din t cc quy tc lun l Khng Mnh theo tinh thn Pht Gio; v ngc li cng trnh by gio l o Bt trong khung cnh vn ha Nho Gio, m mt c im l rt ch trng n cc vn x hi, chnh tr. Th d, Lc Tp Kinh ni v bn phn ca cc v B Tt l cu dn ra khi nn than. Ni n cu dn, l nhng con ngi c th, thay v li ni v tt c cc chng sinh. Vic cu c tnh cch tp th, khng cn thun ty nhm gii thot ring mi ngi. Kinh in i Tha khi ni n B tt ch cao vic cu nhn th chung cho mi chng sinh, khng dng ngn ng nh cu dn, vi hng dn thn c th nh vy. Lc Tp Kinh trnh by cc phng php tu tp ca ngi Pht t nh ng gii, thp thin, trong mt bi cnh khc vi vn ha n thi xa. Trong Pht Gio nguyn thy, cc quy tc ny p dng cho phn
tu tp trong i sng c nhn. Li l trong bn kinh ny em p dng vo i sng chnh tr, nh cc bn phn ngi cai tr. Th d: Dng nm gii, mi hnh lm Quc chnh; hoc lm Minh php, lm Tr php hay Tr chnh. Nhng ngn ng nhum mu chnh tr ny thng khng thy trong cc kinh in Pht gio thng hnh n cng nh sau ny ti Trung Hoa. Li nhn mi ny c th coi l do nh hng ca tinh thn thc t v x hi trong Nho Gio. Nhng cng c th coi l mt phn ng, chng t Pht Gio cng p ng nhu cu chnh tr, khng phi ch c Nho Gio mi mang thi nhp th. Nhng ngi nhun sc Lc Tp Kinh nc ta c a cc quy tc trong o c Pht Gio thnh nhng phng php tr quc, vt ln trn i sng tu tp ca mi ngi. Tinh thn nhp th c th hin trong Pht Gio Vit Nam ngay t th k th hai, th ba nh vy. L Mnh Tht a gi thit l chnh cc s tng ngi Vit vit kinh trn, bng ch Vit trc khi dch sang ch Hn. Liu c th tin vo thi ngi Vit c ch vit ring vit mt b kinh hay khng? Gi thuyt to bo ny s c xt nghim trn s kin ngi Vit thi dng ch vit hay cha. Nguyn ng Chi, trong Vit Nam C Vn Hc S dn chng mt s ch vit ca ng bo Mng Thanh Ha, vi 35 ch ci (ging nh ABC), cc mu t ny dng t nhiu i. ng t hi: L no ngi Vit li khng c ch vit, khi
xut pht t chung mt t vi ngi Mng. C th Thin s Khng Tng Hi dng cc th d c sn trong cc kinh sch bng ch Phn, nhng ng b tc, sng tc thm, hon thnh tp Kinh Lc ny t u ti cui. D gi thit trn cha th vng chc nhng c th tin rng nhng kin v khi nim mi m trong Lc Tp Kinh l do cc v s ngi Vit thm vo. C th do ch ca h mun chng t Pht gio c a v cao hn, hay t nht cng ngang tm vi Khng Mnh. V Pht Gio mang y nhng mi quan tm v x hi khng khc g Nho gio. M cc quy tc o l ny li bt ngun t cc quan nim v v tr, nhn sinh c b rng v chiu su hn cc li dy ca Khng, Mnh. Cc v s nc ta nu cc vn cu i hay quc chnh, cng v nhu cu khng vi cc t tng chnh tr trong vn minh Hoa H, lc ang c ngi Hn qung b nc ta. Trong L Hoc Lun, Mu T vit sau khi sang sng v hc Pht Gio Giao Chu, ng ph phn Nho gio mt cch trc tip, vi nhng l lun cht ch. Chc trong gii tng s nc ta thi ang din ra mt cuc tranh lun v c ba tro lu t tng Pht, Khng v Lo, nn nh hng n Mu T. l phn ng chung ca ngi Lc Vit trc cc cng trnh khai ha vn minh ca cc quan cai tr ngi Hn. Nhng li ph bnh Khng, Mnh cng nh
li gii thch Pht gio theo quan im nhp th, ngay t cc th k 2 v 3, cho thy gii tr thc ngi Vit thc h ang ng trc mt ln sng vn ha mnh m, phong ph ca ngi Hn nn phn ng. C th tin rng cc c gng ph phn trn y khng hon ton ch do nhu cu tr thc, l thuyt; m cn do ng c cn t xc nhn tnh cht ring ca c tp th, trc mi nguy c th b ng ha. Mi ngi u gp phn vo phong tro bo v nn t ch trong kh nng ca mnh. Ngi dn thng khi cn n th tip tay trong cc cuc ni dy. Cn gii c hc thc th ng gp nhng li bnh lun v lun l, chnh tr, so snh o Nho v o Pht. H mun chng t dn Lc Vit c sn nhng nn np o l v chnh tr m khng cn c ngi Hn dy d. Trong c ngn nm Bc thuc, nhng ngi hc thc, bit ch, c kh nng c sch, li sng gn k dn chng, chnh l cc tng s trong cha chin. H t thy trch nhim th, cu dn; nn ging dy o Pht vi khuyn khch, bo v tinh thn t lp ca dn tc. Pht Gio gip cho dn Vit c trang b thm bng mt tn gio vi cc nghi thc thc hnh v mt h thng t tng c b su v c tm vc quc t. Nh th, h nui dng lng t tin, t ho, khi ng u vi ln sng vn ha ca nh Hn, nh ng. Mt iu may mn l t bn cht Pht gio khng phn bit, k th cc tn ngng hay tro lu t tng khc. Cho nn, da trn
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O BT TRONG DN GIAN
cn bn ny ngi Vit cng vn sn sng n nhn thm nhiu hoa tri ca nn vn minh Hn tc. Nh ngi Vit c kh nng dung nhp v chuyn ha cc truyn thng tinh thn v tro lu t tng khc nhau. Nhiu quan li ngi Hn hc theo tn ngng v phong tc dn Lc Vit. Ngoi S Nhip, mt th s Giao Chu khc l Chu Ph, tng di quyn S Nhip, cn tnh nguyn theo tn ngng v phong tc bn x mt cch trit hn, khin ng ta b cc s gia ngi Hn t co l vt b in hun ca thnh hin i trc, b mt php lut ca Hn gia, mc o , bt u, nh n, t hng, c sch ca o t tc Mt ng quan ngi Hn m thay i mu o, b c m, t hng, c kinh Pht, ni theo i nay, ng l mt lp trng! Tnh trng ny chng t Pht gio nc ta trong my th k u rt mnh nn mi thu ht c c nhng ngi cm quyn c hc thc t bn Tu sang. Ngi Vit Nam lc c th t ho mnh t ti mt trnh vn minh khng thua km ngi Hn. Tng trnh by quy tc tr quc theo Pht gio khi k li dy ca s ph ti cha Trc Lm Yn T: Ngi lm vua phi bit ly tm thin h lm tm ca mnh. y l mt phng chm cho cc nh chnh tr khp ni, bt c thi i no. i xa, ng vua phi thm d dn, phi suy ngm, bit tm thin h ra sao. (Ngy nay, ngi ta c nhng phng php nghin cu tm l dn chng mt cch khoa hc. Nhng cch tin nht gip cc chnh tr gia bit ci tm thin h nh th no vn l t chc bu c t do dn dng l phiu quyt nh). Mun p dng chm ngn ly tm thin h lm tm ca mnh, trong thc t, Trn Thi Tng cn ni, mt ng vua cng phi s dng cc phng php chnh tr c th ca cc thnh, tc l Khng Mnh. Lun l chnh tr o Khng khng tri vi nim tin Pht Gio; cho nn vic tng hp khng kh khn. Nm 1292, vua Trn Nhn Tng vit th (gi l biu) gi vua nh Nguyn , mt ln na, t chi khng chu thn hnh sang Tu din kin thnh nhan theo li mi ca thin t. An Nam Ch Lc chp t biu ny, trong c mt cu biu l cn bn Pht gio cng Nho gio trong vic tr quc: Than i! Ngi th gian m c gp mt thnh nhn, sch Pht cho l i phc, sch Nho gi l cuc gp g ngn nm mi c mt ln. Vua Trn ni n c hai ngun o l, nhng t o Pht trc o Nho, cho thy ngi coi bn no quan trng hn. Chng ta bit vo thi cc i hn Mng C cha theo o Pht. Ti i nh Thanh h mi khuyn khc truyn b Pht gio Ty Tng Mng C (vi mc ch ru ng dn triu nh
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Nh lng t tin , dn Lc Vit khng lo b khut phc m cng khng cn bc b mt cch khng suy xt nhng cng hin ca vn minh Hn tc. Phi rt tin vo chnh mnh v c c bao dung rt cao dn tc Vit mi c kh nng hp th, tng hp v chuyn ha cc tro lu t tng Tam Gio, ngay t thi Bc thuc cho nn mi th hin r rng trong thi u lp quc. o Pht ng gp t tng chnh tr cho thi lp quc L, Trn; cng nh s c mt ca cc v quc s trong triu. Trn Thi
i Thanh c yn n). Nhng li l ca Nhn Tng t Pht trc Nho c th rt tri tai cc v quan ngi Hn trong triu nh vua Nguyn. Nm 1295 vua Trn li dng biu ln na xin vua nh Nguyn cung cp 15,000 quyn trong i Tng Kinh bng ch Hn, cu c triu nhn dn khn kh. L th nhn nhng ni chng ti n chay, tm gi, t tay vit cc li chc vn th; li vit, ly trm ly tu rng, vn vn. C l nh li l nn th thnh cu c vua Nguyn p ng. My t biu ny ghi trong i Vit S K Ton Th. Chng ta bit rng bn Trung Quc c nhng ngi nu ln tng tng hp Nho Gio v Pht Gio. Nhng t thy nhng ng vua thc hnh vic tng hp nh vy ngay trong vic tr quc v bit trnh by mt cch r rng, mch lc nh hai v vua nh Trn k trn. V sau, vo i Tng v i Minh Trung Quc c nhng nh t tng i xa hn mt bc, tng hp hai ngun t tng trong phm vi trit l, siu hnh; nh Chu Hi, Vng Dng Minh. Nhn k vo cc l thuyt ca hai bc i Nho ny th thy cng l phn ng ca gii
tr thc Trung Hoa mun nng cao Nho Gio ln cho tng xng vi cc t tng siu hnh m Pht Gio cng hin. H t v bng cch a vo Nho Gio nhng khi nim tng t nh trong Pht Gio; cn em vo Nho Gio c nhng phng php tu tp ca o Pht, chng hn php tnh ta, ging nh ngi thin. Ngi Vit Nam khng thy c khuynh hng l thuyt nh vy, cho nn vic tng hp Nho v Pht c chng t trong hnh ng, nh cc v vua Trn th hin. Hn na, nhng trc tc ca cc nh Nho c th theo hng l thuyt, nh Chu An, H Qu Ly, th b gic Minh thiu hy ht c. Nhng chng ta c th thy ngay t th k th ba Pht Gio to ra nn tng tri thc t Giao Chu, cho nn mi c cnh giao lu trong gii tr thc a phng v bn Trung Quc. Khng Tng Hi th t Giao Chu sang Kin Nghip dy o. Mu T th tm ti Giao Chu trao i v suy ngh, ri trc tc. Giao Chu phi c mt mi trng hc vn rng v su cho nn mi nui dng c nhng cuc tho lun, so snh c ba ngun t tng, Pht, Lo v Nho. Vn ha mt dn tc
khng phi l mt thc th tnh v c nh, m l mt qu trnh lun lun chuyn ha. Dn Lc Vit gi c mt bn sc lu truyn t i trc, th hin qua phong tc tp qun, tn ngng m ngi Lc Vit chia s vi nhiu sc dn ng Nam . Cn bn vn ha ngay t u khin dn Vit t thy mnh khc ngi Hn. Sau li c nui dng trong mi trng vn ha n trc khi tip xc, hc hi nn vn minh Hoa H, nn tng cng vng chc hn. Sau khi c lp, ngi Vit Nam vn vit ch Hn, c cc sch Khng Mnh, chp nhn cc quy tc o c v chnh tr ca cc thnh hin phng Bc, m khng lo mnh s bin thnh ngi Hn. Tinh thn bao dung, tng hp v chuyn ha l phng chm pht trin ca nn vn ha Vit Nam t hai ngn nm trc ti nay. Bn tnh bao dung, tng hp ca t tin chng ta c sn nh sng ng ba ca chu , c c hi m rng tm mt hn nhiu m dn khc sng su trong i lc. NG NHN DNG
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thoi ha Pht gio, o Pht ng l hng dn ta trn ng gii thot, trong thc t xy dng cuc sng no lnh, li ha ta mt th cm xch lm chm s chng ng ca ta, ca i. mt thch ng thanh tnh thm u, ni tu luyn v o to tng ti ca mt v Thin s chng ng, ngi hng dn cho rt nhiu tng s chng o. Nhng trong s c mt t ngoan ngon thun thnh, ht lng tin Pht, yu thy, thng bn. Khng bao gi phm mt li nh, khng bao gi lm tri thy. Th m ht ma tuyt ny tan ti ma bng kia ng, ht lp bn ny ti lp bn khc ng o, xung ni hong dng, ngi t ny vn khng chng ni php mu. V Thin s sau nhiu nm tm hiu, ngi thy c cn nguyn ca s chm ng o . Ma tuyt nm nay v, em theo mt trn bo ln. Thch ng tot ra mt sc lnh gh ngi. Ngi hiu rng n lc phi ra tay gip sc cho ngi t yu chng ng. Sau khi thm khp ni trong thch ng, ngi v ngi trn b on, cnh b on l mt l si sp tn. Ngi gi ngi t n v dy: _ Con hy thm ci vo l si cho m. Ngi hc tr vng lnh ra i, nhng tuyt xung my ngy lin, ci d tr ht, m nhn ra tri th tuyt ph trng xa khng th tm c ng xung ni. Sau nhiu c gng v ch, ngi hc tr bun ru tr vo ly thy: _Bch Thy, ci trong ng ht, m ngoi
tri bo tuyt qu ln. Con xin v y chu li vi Thy. V thin s khoan dung dy ngi rng: _ Con hy c tm xem trong ng, c th g bng g th em ra cho thy. Ngi t ngoan ngon tr vo trong, lc li khp ni. Nhng tt c mi vt dng u ton bng , khng c th no bng g c. nh tr ra tha li vi thy: _ Tha Thy trong ng khng c th chi bng g c. V Thin s nhn t dy thm: _ Con c tm li xem, thy chc th no trong ng cng c vt bng g y. Ln ny ngi t qu sc lo s, tm kim khp ni nhng v hiu, vo c trong in Pht, cng khng c chi bng g c! Ngi t qu trc Pht in cu xin c Th tn khai sng cho mnh. Ri li tip tc sot khng tr ch no; tnh nhm li tt c th ch tr pho tng Pht bng g, ngoi ra ton bng st v c. Tht vng hon ton. Ngi t run s ra tha li vi Thy: _ Ly thy, trong ng, ngoi pho tng c Th Tn, khng cn th g bng g c. V Thin s mt hn v trm tnh thng nht, ng ln ting: _ Ta bo ly bt c vt g bng g ra y, ngi
cn hi chi na, i ngay. Ngi t run s i vo trong in. u dao ng ln bit bao ngh, bao cu hi, nhng u khng c cu tr li. Sau khi ly c Th Tn, ngi t m pho tng xung a ra trc mt thy. V bnh tnh nhn t tr li trn mt v tia nhn ca v Thin s, ngi khoan thai cm cy ba bn cnh l si, gi ln b thng xung pho tng thp vng long lanh. Pho tng v ra lm i, ri lm nhiu mnh. Nh tm t nt vn ca ngi t. Ton thn ngi t run ln, nc mt trn tr, trong lc v Thin s chm ri cm tng ming ct tng qung vo la, ngn la bng sng, ta khp thch ng m m ti c. Tm thc ngi t cng bng sng v t st-na chng ng o php ca c Th Tn. ti lc chng ta cn vn mn hnh thc tm vo ni dung chn l ca o Pht, hng Trao cho thi i tr thc hm nay mt o Pht linh ng, thc t, thch ng vi nh cu tinh thn ca nhn loi, mi ngi tm ni o Pht mt nn vn ha rc r, hp vi lch s tin b x hi, mt hng thot cho tm linh con ngi. o Pht l kt tinh ca cc h phi t tng thm su n c xa. o Pht ra i tng hp
mi khuynh hng thn hc, o hc, trit hc ca vn minh V . o Pht l ting ni trn vn, l mt h thng t tng vng mnh v cao rng nht trong cc h thng t tng c kim ng ty. Tm trong o Pht ta thy mi vn t i th ti chi tit ca s vic v ang bin din trong v tr u c t ra v u c phng php gii quyt. Nhng, v t ng, v hnh thc ca ngi xa khc vi ngy nay, nn ta kh lnh hi mau chng, thu o c o Pht. Bn phn ca ngi hong php hm nay, l lm im sng ca ni dung Pht cht, em vo nhng hnh thc k thut, ngh thut, hc thut hin i mt tinh thn sng ng ton din ca o Pht. Mt o Pht tng hp gia nhng anh hoa ca cuc i, gia nhng pht kin truyn tip ca mt dn tc sng gia ni rng trng ip; t tng lun lun vn ln ri vo nhng b n hu nh o din ca v tr v bin; v h lun lun cm thy mnh nh b giam cm trong mt khung cnh ti tm nu t bui bnh minh ca t tng con ngi nhn rng minh nm trong tr o ha ca Brahma, mt v thng , thnh hnh mt tn gio Brahxem tip trang 58
Hnh: IMICHAEL TRAN
i sinh trng trong mt gia nh nng dn bn b sng Hng thuc min ng bng Bc Vit, trong tnh Nam nh. Dng h ni ngai nh ti u nhiu i theo o cng gio. M ng ni ti li l mt ng thy dy ch nho, nn trong gia nh chng ti vn cn gi c ci truyn thng gia phong gia o do ng b li. Cha ti l con trng, m m ti cng l trng n ca ng b ngai, cho nn hai ng b u ch tm n cng vic ca c i gia nh, ca dng h, ch khng phi ch chm lo ring cho gia nh nh b ca mnh. V ng ni ti mt khi
ti mi c 5-6 tui, nn ti chng h c hc mt cu ch nho no ca c. Tuy vy, ti vn thy trong gia nh chng ti, th ai ny vn thng c cha m rn cp ch bo theo ng li l gio n r su trong nhiu th h cc gia nh min thn qu t thu xa xa. Ti vn cn nh li cha m hay nhc nh l anh ch em chng ti i khi nh : Giy rch th phi gi ly l, Trai th trung hiu lm u, Gi th tit hnh lm cu sa mnh, i cho sch, rch cho thm, Th chu ngho ch khng chu hn , Thng ngi nh th thng thn v.v Ni chung th cuc sng ti
min qu hi trc nm 1945 thng l m m, lng ho, b con thn tc cng nh ngi cng trong li xm lun y tnh ngha tng thn tng i, cu mang gip ln nhau. Lng Ct xuyn chng ti hi c chng 100 gia nh va theo o cng gio cng nh theo o Pht, nn c c nh th, c c cha. c bit li cn c c mt ngi nh lng na. M ti chng bit c, chng bit vit ch quc ng. Nhng b li c tr nh rt tt, b thuc lu kinh sch v nht l ca dao tc ng. B thng dy cc con theo li truyn khu nh trong
L TM LNG NHN I V THA

ON THANH LIM
TN GIO
57
TN GIO
li gio dc ngn xa ca cha ng chng ta. Nhng quan trng nht l c hai b m chng ti li tm gng trong sng ca s lng thin v tm lng nhn i i vi b con thn tc, cng nh vi mi ngi trong xm lng. Tht ng nh li nhc nh D thn nhi gio, tc l em ci nhn cch, ci gng sng ng ca chnh bn thn mnh ra m truyn li cho con chu, hn l ch dng li ni sung. C th nh l c vo dp Ma Chay trc L Phc sinh, th m ti nm no cng t chc ku gi b con ngho tng trong lng ti nhn lnh mi gia nh mt vi k go, v vo lc th phn ng cn ht thc phm. M ti dn l : Cc con phi tn tin, nhn n nhn tiu cn dnh dm chia st cho b con ang tng thiu; c nh vy th mi ng l nhng cm s o gip b con gn gi vi mnh. Nh ti c ci ri, m
L TM LNG NHN I V THA

sau ny li thnh ci may. l trng hp xy n cho b ch c chng ti; ch b tt nguyn thnh ngi cm ic ngay sau mt cn st nng hi mi ln ba tui. Khi phi ni l cha m ti rt bun phin v ci tai nn i vi ngi con gi u lng nh vy. Nhng may m ch ti li c nhn vo tri ngi cm ic ti th x Thi bnh do my n tu thuc nh dng Saint Vincent de Paul m trch. V chnh ti vo lc 9-10 tui, th cng c gi vo sinh sng ti c s ny m hi c tn l Asile Saint Joseph; ti chung trong khu nam gii vi my anh cm ic.. Ti c s ny, ngai ngi cm ic nam n ra, li c c cc con lai m ngi cha l lnh trong qun i Php, k c ngi gc Phi chu da en, v m l ngi Vit na. Phn ng cc anh ch ny li b cha m b mc cho my ma soeur chm sc, ch t khi c ai trong gia
tip theo trang 57

man, vi mt quan nim lun hi min tc truyn kip v s phn ha x hi ti cng cc sn sinh ra khng bit bao nhiu giai cp. Trit phi Upanishad xut hin, tuy cha hn l chi b ht quyn lc ca Brahma nhng t du hoi nghi tt v nhng tr o din phi l v ch ca v tr. T t tng hoi nghi ny m li cho nhng trit phi khc ra i. Phi Vedanta a gn Brahma li vi con ngi, a ngay vo trong con ngi, ch trng tm v ngun bnh ng ca v tr. Qu khch hp, phi Vaisesika hon ton ng trn quan im cc vi duy vt thnh lp h thng trit hc ca mnh. i ti trng thi n ha, trit hc Samkhya ra i, ch trng v tr c thnng v t- tnh; mong cu ca thn ng thng vi t tnh thnh ra nhng hin tng o ha. Nu dp b mong cu th o ha s tan, ch cn t tnh tn ti trong thn ng m thi. Sau trn hai ngn nm trm nm, c Pht ra i dung ha tt c mi khuynh hng t tng c xa xy dng thnh mt h thng o Pht ht sc rng ln cn c trn c T bi, kh nng Gic ng ca tm thc, trn tinh thn T ch, T do, T to, c Pht trao cho i mt ni dung cuc sng ton din c v tm linh, lun chng ln phng php gic ng. Ngi nhn thng vo s vt, vo cuc i m dy rng: Vn hu l th , chn l khng u xa m ngay trong vn php. Ngi trao cho nhn loi mt nhn thc quan v vn php: _ Cc hnh v thng _ Cc php v ng _ Bn th chn nh con ngi dng lm cha kha t m ly kho tng v bin ca tr tu, khm ph nhng b mt ca v tr, au kh ca cuc i. Ri nng vo con ngi s ci ln chp m u ti, tr li vi bn th trong trinh ca mnh. V tr kt t bi nhng h thng nhn duyn, con ngi mun tham ha, thu trit v tr th cn nng vo thuyt nhnduyn-qu- sinh m tm hiu, sng hp vi l tin ho ca v tr. Ri da vo nguyn tc , con ngi t thng ha nghip lc ca mnh, bng cch gy nhiu nhn tt.
Thn phn con ngi chm m trong cnh kh au, sinh t lun hi. S kh au vn do dc vng am m ni mi ngi pht sinh, ri tng trng thm mi. Chng nhng con ngi khng hn ch lng tham m mi ngy li hun tp thm gi lm t kin, khin cho kh au chng cht y ry ln thn phn con ngi. chn ng kh au, con ngi cn tn dit dc vng, khai quang tr tu, thng ha nghip lc trn con ng gii thot. c vy con ngi cn thc thi Tm Con ng Chnh (Aryastaniga Mrganmni) [2] ca o Gii Thot bng phng php T tu, T gic, T chng t ti cnh sinh khng vin mn. o Pht ly khi im t tm linh, qua thc t, hng tm linh ln ng gii thot, nhm ct i nhng gnh nng kh au ca con ngi. Nhng o Pht vn cha nhn y l chn l tuyt i, m y ch l phng tin gip con ngi t chng ly chn l thi. Tc l o Pht cao kh nng, a v con ngi v s t do tuyt i v t tng. Nh vy m li cho ngi hu th c gp sc xy dng o Pht mi ngy mt giu p thm hn. Cng chnh v tn trng t do con ngi nn khi truyn o khng gp mt cuc xung t no v c mi ngi tip nhn nh chnh tip nhn s pht minh ca tr thc mnh vy. *** Trn hai thin nin k tn ti hp nht vi np sng con ngi hiu ha ng phong, o Pht
mi ngy mt thm phong ph, kho tng vn ha mi ngy mt thm ti p. V ngh tht: phi ni rng o Pht ngay khi pht t kim ngn c Th Tn c lng di hnh thc ngh thut ri. Nhng li Ngi ging dy mn u tim n bn trong nhng cu chuyn sng ng hp vi trnh v kh nng thng thc ca mi ngi. Nhng cu chuyn c cc t ghi li qua kinh Bch D. Xt v ni dung ca cc cu chuyn th mi chuyn u mang mt tnh cht truyn ph t tng ca o Gii thot, hoc miu t nhng kh au ca con ngi v nguyn nhn pht sinh kh au, ng thi c mt phng php gii quyt ty theo hon cnh, trng hp v nghip lc ca mi nhn vt c Ngi dng ln trong cu chuyn. Nh vy t mau hiu v d sng theo nhng nhn vt trong truyn. Cch sng khoan ha v trang nghim ca c Pht thnh hnh ngay mt cung thc l nghi cho o Pht. Ging ging u u v c mnh lc thu ht t tng ca con ngi m li cho nhng vn iu m thanh ca cu kinh, bi k, ting chung, nhp m sau ny. Vn, L, Thi, Nhc ca o Pht m u ngay t ngy c Pht cha nhp dit. Hnh nh ca Ngi c ghi li qua nt Ha, Khc v c Pht t thnh lp Pht-t knh, th. Ha, Khc v Kin trc ca Pht gio ra i. Ri sau y s tch c Pht, nhng cu chuyn ca Ngi c dng thnh Kch, quay thnh phim ph bin trong qun chng. Nh vy mi
ngnh ca ngh thut nh Vn, Th, L, Nhc, Ha, Khc, Kin trc, Kch, nh ny n ton vn trong mt truyn thng T-bi, Tr- tu nhng khng khp kn m lun lun mang nhng hnh thc, sc thi ca mi dn tc c o Pht truyn n. Nh c ni dung chuyn nht , nn cng nhiu sc thi, nn ngh thut o Pht cng thm sng, p, giu c, v ni dung o Pht cng thm su vo tm thc con ngi, cng thng ha thm p cc nn vn ha dn tc ca mi nc tip nhn o Pht. V hc thut: Vi mt nhn thc tng hp rng ln, vi mt cn bn t do t tng, o Pht pht trin v c s ng gp ca ngi tr thc c kim thnh lp mt nn vn hc v i. Phi ni rng l rng kinh bin ch. Kinh in Pht gio chia lm ba loi chnh l: Kinh, Lut, Lun. Kinh tng (Strm): gm tt c Gio, L, Hnh, Qu do c Th Tn ni ra c cc t kt tp li trong nm i b: Hoa Nghim, Phng ng, Bt Nh, Php Hoa, Nit Bn. Lut tng (Vinayah): tp hp tt c gii lut ca o Pht trong s hng dn tu tr cc bc xut gia cng nh ti gia, gi cho h thng o Pht c bn cht. Lun tng (Abhidharmah): bao hm nhng tc phm ngh lun, vi mc ch din gii rng ngha kinh tng, Kho tng Lun-tng rt ln, l s ng gp min tc ca cc Pht t qua tng thi i.
58
nh n thm ving hay tip t cho. Thnh ra ngay t hi cn nh tui, ti ch thn c chng kin s chm sc ca cc n tu ny i vi nhng con ngi tt nguyn hay m ci b gia nh rung b nh th. y r rt l s biu l ca tnh nhn i, lng xt thng trc n i vi ng lai theo ng nh gio hun ca gio hi cng gio l : Mn Cha th phi Yu Ngi. Ri khi n tui trng thnh, th ti dn thn vo cc lai cng tc x hi, c th nh cng vi nhiu bn hu khc tham gia vo cng cuc ci thin np sng ca tng lp ngi km may mn ti khu vc cc qun 6,7,8 ngai thnh ph Saigon t nm 1965, lc ti bt u vo ci tui tam thp nhi lp tr i. Trong my nm lm vic ti chng trnh pht trin a phng ny, ti c dp cng tc vi cc v gii chc, tu s v tn bn Pht gio, Cng gio cng nh Tin lnh. Tt c u ht lng ra tay gip nhng nn nhn chin cuc, c bit l nhng gia nh b mt nh ca trong v tn cng hi Tt Mu thn 1968. in hnh nh Thy Thch Tc Thnh ti cha ng Phc, phng Bnh ng qun 7, Linh mc Nguyn Huy Chng ti nh th Rch Ct qun 7,
Linh mc Hang Qunh ti nh th Bnh An qun 8, S B Thch Nh Thanh cha Hu Lm qun 6, Mc s Lng Vn Sm qun 6, Thy Thch Tm Quang Ph Lm, Soeur Nicole trng N Vng Ha Bnh qun 3 v.v Cc tu s ny c bit chm lo vic m phng khm bnh, pht thuc, m cc lp hc, lp dy ngh cho cc hc vin nam, n ti a phng; ng thi cng gip vn ng b con tham gia cng vic chnh trang ti thit ti cc xm hm nh t ng cng that nc, xy ct cu bc qua cc kinh rch, v nht l xy dng li nh ca b ph hy ti 20 khu ti thit trong c 3 qun ven bin ny vn b tn ph nng n, v l ca ng cho s xm nhp ca qun i cng sn vo thnh ph qua ng Long An, Rch Kin, Cn Giuc V pha c quan t thin x hi ngai quc m hay ym tr cho cng tc pht trin v xy dng ni trn, th phi k n c quan CARE, t chc X Hi Tin Lnh Vit Nam (VNCS Vietnam Christian Service), t chc X Hi Tin Lnh chu (ACS Asian Christian Service), c quan Cu Tr Cng gio M ( CRS Catholic Relief Service), T chc Quaker M v Anh, Adenauer Foundation ca c v.v Nh vy l phn
ln cc c quan t thin nhn o ny cng u xut pht t cc t chc tn gio. V chng trnh pht trin chng ti l mt t chc t nguyn ca gii thanh nin, sinh vin Vit nam, han tan c lp ch khng l thuc vo chnh quyn hay mt t chc chnh tr hay tn gio no, nn anh ch em chng ti c thai mi tip xc v hp tc vi bt k c quan, t chc an th hip hi no, d l bn x hay ngai quc, k c c quan vin tr ca chnh ph M USAID. Xuyn qua cc hat ng nhiu nm ti Saigon nh vy, m ti c Hi ng Tn Gio Th Gii (WCC World Council of Churches) ti Geneva ch n v mi tham gia cng tc vi h vo cc nm 1972-74 trong chc v Gim c Vn phng Nghin cu v Lin lc ti Saigon ( Saigon Research & Liaison Office). Trong cng v ny, ti c iu kin thu hiu cn k hn v s dn thn nhp cuc ca tn gio trong cc sinh hat a dng v phc tp ca x hi hin i trong bi cnh ca cuc chin trnh lnh gia hai khi cng sn v t bn. Ti s c dp vit chi tit hn v ci kinh nghim ny vo mt dp khc. Ring trong bi ny, ti mun trnh by
xem tip trang 66
Sau khi Th tn nhp dit, i t Ca Dip triu tp i hi kt tp nhng li Pht dy v nh gii lut, ngn nga nhng ngy thuyt v nhng hnh ng si m ca tng s. y l ln kt tp th nht gm trn di 500 t Pht, hp ti thnh Vng x. Tng kinh mi v sau mi c bin chp thnh hai th ch Pali v Sanskrit. Kinh do i c A-Nan c. Lut do i c u -Ba- li c. Cn Lun th thuc phn hu th din gii theo kinh. Kinh in c kt tp ln th nht ny l kinh A-hm v lut Bt -thp-tng. Khong mt th k sau, cuc kt tp th hai c t chc ti thnh T-XLy, nhm kim sot li kinh in v gio lut, ng thi xt v cc d thuyt hin lu hnh trong o. K kt tp ny manh nha cho cuc phn phi sau ny. Theo truyn thuyt th ngi i-Thin (Mahadeva) ra nm iu tn thuyt [3] thi ln mt phong tro T do t tng trong o Pht: chia o Pht lm hai phi, phi bo th truyn thng l Thng ta b, phi cp tin t do l i chng b. Ln ln Thng ta b cn phn thnh nhiu b khc nh: Nht thit hu b, c t b, Php thng b, Hin v b, Chnh lng b, Mt lm sn b, Ha a b, Php tng b, m quang b v Kinh lng b. Ri i chng b cng li phn tn thnh tm b: Nht thuyt b. Thuyt xut th b, K dng b, a vn b, Ty sn tr b, Ch a sn b, Thuyt gi b v Bc sn tr b. Tht l mt quang cnh no nhit. Do nhng cuc
phn b ny m kho tng o Pht tr thnh rng ln mung lung ti khin ngi hc Pht hin nay thng b lc mt hng chnh. y cng l mt trong nhng im quan trng m ngi hong php hm nay phi lu tm, phi gn lc tinh l Pht, trc khi tr tc Pht in. V khng nhng qua s phn tp gn nh tri ngc gia cc b phi, k t i vua Ca-Nh-ScCa vo th k th hai, o Pht dt khot chia lm hai ngnh. Bc phng i chng b, Nam hng Thng ta b thi ua quang ta Pht php ra th gii na: Bc phng Pht gio ly Npal lm c im xut pht Ty Tng Trung Hoa ri phn tn ra Mng c, Mn Chu, Triu tin, Nht bn v Vit Nam. Nam phng Pht gio t khi im chnh ti Tch Lan truyn sang Min in, Thi Lan, Cao min v Lo. i n u dung hp ti , nn o Pht cng thm nhiu c tnh mi. Hin nay cc nh Pht hc v cc i biu chnh thc ca mi quc gia o Pht ang c gng thc hin cuc thng nht o Pht hu cung ng cho nhn loi mt sc mnh tinh thn bo v ha bnh v hnh phc cho con ngi trn ton th gii. Nh th c ngha trn hai nghn nm phn ha, lch s o Pht ang chuyn dn vo th tng hp. Mt chng minh c th l cuc thng nht tng phi Nam Bc tng, trong Gio Hi Pht Gio Vit Nam th hin vo ma xun nm 1964. Cuc thng nht ny m u cho cuc thng nht o Pht th gii ngy mai. Mun y mnh cuc
thng nht i n thnh cng, Pht t cn p tan mi v cng, m tung mi ca lng n gi ngn phng, ng thi tm su vo ni dung cn bn ca o Pht, ca c gio ch duy nht. V k thut- Vi cn bn o Pht tuy khng iu kin nhn lc, vt lc thnh lp mt ngnh k thut c gii, nhng o Pht ni ln nguyn tc cn bn ca khoa hc ri vy. M khoa hc k thut vn l kt qu ca cng cuc suy t thc nghim ca con ngi. Nn trc khi c c nn khoa hc c gii vn minh nh ngy nay, l thuyt khoa hc phi c trc dn li cho cng cuc thc chng ca con ngi. Ngy nay khoa hc cng tin, cng i su vo th gii hch tm, vo lnh vc khng gian th cng thy gn o Pht; tuy khng xy dng trn vt cht cc vi, nhng vi tm linh gic ng, o Pht gii thch v tr mt cch rt khoa hc. Khi khoa hc tm c nng lc nguyn t tim n trong vt cht th cng chnh l lc nh tr thc quan tm nhiu ti lun chng ca o Pht. V Pht quyt nhn trong mi loi, mi vt ca vn hu u c phn nng lc l Pht tnh. V, khi cc nh thin vn hc xc nhn ngoi th gii chng ta cn rt nhiu th gii c sinh vt khc na, trong v tr, th trc hai thin nin k, sau khi ri ci b , c Pht dy rng trong v tr c tam thin i thin th gii, [4] ngoi th gii chng ta. Tht l hoang ng vin vng i vi nhn thc nhn loi ng thi ca Ngi. Nhng, ti nay, khoa hc ca th gii vn minh chng ta xc nhn.
S lc my nt i cng, ta thy o Pht khng ch l mt Trit hc, o hc m cn l mt c bn ca Khoa hc. o Pht, ngoi cng cuc gii thot tm thc con ngi cn l mt h thuyt thc t c kh nng, iu kin tr thnh mt nn Vn ha ton trit gm y cc yu t ngh thut, hc thut v k thut na. Nhng v ch trng nhiu v tm linh hn, nn o Pht mang nhiu mu sc tn gio, ri nhn loi qun mt nhng kha cnh khc ca o Pht. n lc nhng ngi tha k c sng ca c Pht cn phi c th ha nhng nt ti sng ca o Pht ra bng hnh ng, lm p, lm Sng, lm Lnh cho con ngi v cuc i, o Pht mi mi thch ng vi hon cnh x hi, p ng c mi nhu cu ca nhn loi tr thc thi i. Ni ti vn ha o Pht mt nn vn ha tn hp truyn i trn hai nghn nm trm nm nay l vt sc mt ngi, nht l em c ng trong mt bi th khng th trnh c nhng thiu st ngoi mun. Nn, y, chng ti ch s lc trnh by my nt chnh m thi. V xin tm tt: Nt th nht trnh by v Thi i chng ta v li gii quyt ca o Pht trong thc t. Nt th hai trnh by nhng Ng nhn ca con ngi v o Pht. Nt th ba trnh by nhng Nguyn tc cn bn ca o Pht. Nt th t trnh by v nn Vn ha o Pht.
Tt c vi mc ch gp phn cng Pht t v c gi bn phng mt vi kin trong cng cuc hong php hin nay. nh sng T Bi n vi chng ta. THCH C NHUN
[1] (*Nguyn vn ch Hn: Th Hu tc b Hu Th V tc b V Th Sinh tc b Sinh Th Dit tc b Dit [2] Chnh kin: thy bit chn chnh Chnh t duy: suy ngh chn chnh Chnh ng: Li ni chn chnh Chnh nghip: Vic lm chn chnh Chnh mnh: i sng chn chnh Chnh tinh tin: sing nng chn chnh Chnh nim: tng nim chn tnh Chnh nh: nh tm chn chnh [3] 5 iu ca Ngi i Thin ra: 1.Lahn vn cn b ma chng khin cho lu tht trong gic mng 2. Lahn cng vn cn bt nhim v tri, ngha l ci hc sai lm v chnh php 3. Lahn vn c nhng hoi nghi cha gii quyt c 4. Lahn c qu khng th t bit m nh bc Cao minh cho hay. 5. Lahn c th liu o l do m thanh m gic ng. [4] Ting Phn: Trisharasramahshasre lokadhtuh
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trates this point.
and forgiveness due to that sacrifice towards a greater good and personal liberation. To criticize Buddhism as has been done, saying it is an obstacle to the course of historical evolution, is to say that the Buddhist ideals which were first preached over two millenniums ago, and that are still fresh today should not have survived the test purpose, the compassionate initiatives born of such human endeavours and our creative power for coping with life as a whole. Buddhist philosophy and culture stresses those responsible applications of human creativity and endevour. To a great many people, Buddhism is an ancient religion of an age old cults, of Buddhist icons,
There once was an enlightened, Most Venerable Monk, an Abbot, living in a serene life in a cave mona stery. He lived with his disciples many of whom had attained Buddha-hood by his revelations. One of the Junior Monks was a most excellent man, known to the whole monastery for his good behaviour, faithfulness and kindness to his teacher and his fellow monks, but unfortunately was still far from ultimate success in become an enlightened one. Year after year the disciples one after another had reached supreme knowledge and left the monastery for their Buddhist propagation trips into the world, but noth-
His disciple obeyed and left, but he knew the wood storeclose by was already empty. Heavy snow now had blocked all the ways down to the lower forest where he could get more wood and he had tried his best in vain searching the cave for fuel before he returned with empty handed. Sadly, he said, I am sorry, sir; but there is not a single piece of wood around and the storm outside is so strong that I cant can go out and get more. The Venerable Monk replied kindly But how about searching all over the inside, first. If you see anything made of wood or other inflammable material and bring it here, will you? The younger monk obediently bowed and went on searching but found nothing that could
The junior monk replied Yes master the statue is made of wood, but it is our Lord Buddha! Initially, the master seemed to loose his temper and scolded loudly:You ignoramus! Why dont you just shut up all your non-sense and bring it here, that wooden thing immediately understand! Startled, filled with doubt and bewilderment, he went to the Buddha statue and prostrated himself before it expressing his utmost respect and fear to the statue in disturbing it from its high place in the meditation hall and then lowering it down from its high throne carried it back to the Abbot An expression of compassion and calmness, then, reappeared on the of the enlightened Abbots face and in his eyes, as he picked up an axe,
of time. Since the Buddhas first sermon the earliest call of liberation for an assessment and improvement of personal values and for self-realization, especially for the intellect to be freed from the sociotheocratic bounds of early India, Buddhism has been closely associated with the evolution of personal and social freedom. In Buddhism, deeply lies the nucleus of all recent revolutions of modern societies towards greater human outcomes, for individual freedom and humanism. The Buddhist revelation to the modern world involves the rediscovery of a coherent view of life, of a quality of life that prevents the materialistic civilization from ending in disaster. Societies now are at the door of an end game, and have come to a climax of cultural change and transition as never before experienced in human history. The progressive quality of modern philosophy science art, tech nology and information depends on the application of such towards human outcomes in the
carried out and promoted by those half-dreaming monks devoted to dozy, monotonous praying for salvation from suffering and the human condition. They see believe in the Buddha in the same way as in other religions such as like that of the Jewish god Jehovah or the Hindu god Brahma. They worship the Lord Buddha as the Almighty and beg him for blessings, salvation, and other earthily favours. This misunderstanding has created a veil of religious myths and fictions that conceal the real nature and spirit of Buddhism and its true law. It is this reason why Buddhism has been conceived as a religion both profound mid profane We Buddhists must take the responsibility to reveal what is profound in Buddhist teaching otherwise Buddhism will become a yoke preventing followers attaining spiritual freedom, social prosperity, self realization and preventing the achievement of world salvation through its message. The following story illus-
ing was happening to the long trained obedient and righteous disciple despite his qualities. The teacher, after a very long time of studying the situation, came to realize, when a sudden snowstorm ushered in winter to the area, that the mind of his student had reached a point when One More Step or one final thrust is required to attain enlightenment. The cave was filled with winters freezing cold at that moment when the teachers heart warmed up at the thought that it was possibly that the right moment for his disciple to be awakened within himself. After a walk around the monastery, the venerable returned to his pa triarchal teaching seat; there which was the only fire place in the cave with so dim a fire that it seemed to be nearly extinct. The need for a warming fire was was urgent and he called that disciple to him and gave him an order: Its necessary now to find some wood to keep the fire going its so cold. Go and see if you can get some my son.
be burned within the rocky cave. He presented himself to the teacher at last and exclaimed desperately, I cant find anything to burn, sir! The Venerable Monk then said, Oh, worthy one! I believe you will find one thing made of wood which is right inside this cave but only if you look carefully. In spite of the Junior Monks overwhelming disbelief and despondency, he made a decisive exertion to survey all and every corner of the mona stery and go as far as the main shrine of the Buddha. Under the throne of the sta tue, he knelt down and prayed for his revelation before going on a last search. Despite looking everywhere, there were no wooden things except the Buddha statue itself; everything else was unburnable. He came to the very climax of dejection and finally was found kneeling before the Venerable Abbot with fear and trembling from head to toe. He said: Oh, sir, there is nothing of wood at all except the Buddhas statue! The Abbot said Well, its wood isnt it?
raising above his head and with all his strength, chopped down at the glittering gold-plated Buddha statue into pieces, just as the mental cataclysm of the faithful dis ciple broke as he witnessed such a seemingly sacrilegious event preformed by the Abbot. Sweat streamed down from every pore of the junior monk, his body trembling, his eyes streaming tears, he watched in shock as his master quietly threw the broken wooden statue piece after piece into the fire. It was then, as the flames grew, the rocky hall was so brightened with warmth and light the vision effected the junior monks consciousness, and as a mind-flower blooming immediately within him, he experienced enlightenment. It was such a blissful moment, as the monk made the connection and his mind awakened from the dream of what we normally take for reality. His attachment to the trappings of Buddhism, the ceremonial, the statues, the ritual had prevented
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him from his own realisation of the spirit of Buddhism within. Enlightenment then is that inter connective ness that completeness beyond the divisions created by the mind and as Russian physiologist Pavlov, announced in a famous essay on Esprit Scientifique Russell (p.55), that; We have now come to the point where we are obliged to consider the spirit, the soul and the physical form as an indivisible unit. It is then time for us to make the Buddhist beholder forsake all illusory manifestations of the Buddhist religion so that the essential reality is revealed to all. Only in this sense will Buddhism become the most active and realistic, enabling the intelligentsia and the general public to find satisfactory answers to all spiritual needs they require within Buddhism. They will, re-discover therein the powerful motivation for the growth to a golden civilization with the accompanying physical and material progress that will be in harmony with trans cendental humanism. Buddhism has been formed as a crystallization of various schools of thought from the philosophies of ancient India. Buddhism came to life to bring forth a great synthesis all the former theological, religious and ideological tendencies of Vedic tradition. His Noble Way is a complete expression of the human philosophical science ever known to history. In Buddhism are inclu ded all fundamental problems of existence, great and small. That Buddhism has not been conceived as such, as being misunderstood so badly is often due to ambiguous translations in varying languages and ethnocentric cultural conventions that are imposed onto Buddhism as a result of preconceived or ongoing biased ideas often influenced by ethnocentric ideas. As modern exponents of Buddhism, we have the task of revealing the real essence of Bud dhist
thought to take its place within this contemporary world of technology, science art and learning, to unite with the supreme unity of all realities, the physical and spiritual. Our human tragedies due to our limited conciousness, war and conflict, of our uninformed vision of life we normally behold, our inability in not seeing an interconnected whole in its reality as as an indivisible unity, must end. We must agree with professor Nguyenang-Thucs note of this noble unifying vision of life: that human society is now experiencing a terrible moral and physical crisis can be explained by the lack of the moral conditions for this unification... the present phase will be one of control of the inner self. In the magazine, Asian Culture, Vol. III, No.2, it was stated that Experimental science, with its demo cratic character and with the experience of religions of the East will help the average man master his desires. Buddhism, due to its adaptabi lity to meeting the needs of men of diverse mental cultural and racial backgrounds, will contribute enormously to social progress and spiritual freedom of people everywhere. This great synthesis was originally expressed by the Buddha the high est human creative spirit against the backdrop of the lofty Himalayan Mountains and in the forests of India over 2000 years ago. His thought ceaselessly probed into mysteries of the Hindu religion seeking enlightenment, an explanation to the origin and deliverance from suffering. The belief of Indians then was that of Brahma, a God of a religion filled with superstition and magic. They had established Brahmanism with the basic concept of reincarnation namely that of Samsara, the transmigration of souls or metempsychosis that created the social system known as the caste system. Later, the Upanishad school of thought appeared to promote almost
an ultimate negation of the powerful deity Brahma and did raise doubt on nonsense and of useless magic ritual within the religion. This inquiring spirit was the source of all the following religious philosophies. Vedantism drew Brahma down into every personal being and championed the cause of human equality. The materialistic philosophy of Vaisesika also provided vigorous opposition to former theologies. An eclectic (diverse) tendency opened the way of Samkhyaku, proposing the dual existence of both a transcendental self and an individual self; the transcendental self the Own will of the Absolute One to become one with all and every individual soul, explained Samkhya philosophy, and had created this world of illusion. Should this Will be nullified, all illusion would consequently cease, and there is revealed the Identity of Atman and Brahma. More than two thousand five hundred years after these philosophical events, the Buddha was born, reconciliation of all former lasting philosophies into that of Buddhism founded on compassion and the belief in the potential of human enlightenment, spiritual liberty, independence and self realization. The Buddha revealed to the world a realistic and attainable means to a perfect life concerning both the spiritual and practical aspects of means to attain enlightenment. The Great Master had a profound look at everything in existence as it really is, finding at its core the phenomena, which he described within his threefold principle that describes all things: 1. Every phenomenon is impermanent. 2. Every existence is selfless. 3. Such is eternity. This is the nature of all things, An-sich-sein or Nomos (a-b) to use Heideggers language and is the key for humans
as it is the threshold of the immense treasure of universal secrets, the very original source of this world and existence. This understanding of thing in itself assists us to unload our ignorant attachments one by one, and get closer to our transcendental self. The world of phenomena is a component of the system of universal causation. Those who make the effort to probe into the deep mysteries of life and universal evolution must know this noble law, that of cause-and-effect. They in making their supreme effort to turn the Wheel towards finer moral status, to create the conditions for human salvation will be triumphant eventually. Ones own Karmic record of life makes us suffer in life, sufferings, originate from sensual cravings that never cease to increase day by day. It is only by following the Noble Eightfold Path (Ariastaniga Margama-ni, namely: Right view. Right thought, Right speech. Right action, Right Livelihood, Right effort, Right mindfulness and Right concentration) can one realize that blissful state of Nirvana. Buddhism starts from its spiritual point of view to make its way through the six-realms (the six existences) towards the ultimate liberation from human bondage. However the point of departure, i.e. Buddhism, is not the absolute truth, but only a means, provisional and non-real, like the finger that points to the moon a symbol of the true reality. The most emphasized in Buddhist concepts are the personal value and the freedom of thought that help it be developed and embellished by generations one after another. The freedom of thinking is the most essentials of all and no wonder Buddhism has been widespread and welcomed all over the world as it should be noted that no wars have been fought throughout the history of its religious propagation anywhere. German historian Dietrich, Seckel, p.18-19 in his The
art of Buddhism expresses his convictions as such when he writes: It will be appreciated that this was not the foundation upon which one could establish an obligatory dogma. Hence Buddhism could easily adapt itself to alien ways of thinking, doctrines and cultural conditions, without sacrificing its basic concepts. This of course meant that it had to renounce the lives and thoughts of the people under its sway... It was presumably this modesty in its claims that enabled it to spread peacefully into such vast areas, where the cultural pattern was so different. Over two millenniums of its existence with peaceloving peoples in the eastern world, Buddhism never ceases to develop, its ideological culture opening up new dimensions of spiritual life, thoughts and feeling. Since his enlightenment through the art of literature the Buddhas first speech, was artistically expressed. His eloquent teachings were highly appreciated and have lent themselves to artistic expression throughout the world. His metaphors delivered to his disciples were recorded in the Sutras of one hundred examples each skilfully conveyed the deep meaning of his message of salvation. It provides various good descriptions of sufferings of humanity, the cause of sufferings, and also presents a moral conclusion for each story to suggest to every one of its characters a definite outlet according to every particular circumstance. This enables religious beholders to understand and, as a result, carry the good examples out in their practical life. The Buddhas attitudes and noble behaviour provided the foundation founded the very Buddhist rituals and conventions still with us today. His solemn voice in preaching was the prototype of later rhythmic praying and such art forms within Buddhism as religious prose
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and poetry, ritual and music. The fine arts produced thousands of stupas, pagodas and icons of Buddhism for the sake of religious contemplation as well as the means of propagation of the Dharma. Some hundred years before Christ, Buddhist painting and sculpture had gradually developed, but were not fully in bloom until the first century after the birth of Christ. This literature, the sacred writings, music, painting, sculpture and architecture, and drama are more accessible to more people due to modern communications, cinema and television being available almost everywhere and the message of Dharma Law of the Compassion and Wisdom of Buddhism and the Buddhist service to humanity, is more readily propagated. Buddhisms adaptability onto the native arts in countries where it has spread, has adopted native embodiments of its concepts and metaphors as it has done since it first moved beyond India. Elaborate, wealthy forms and expressions have appeared in places where the standard of living is high and persons have contributed money to these forms of expression moved by buddhist motivation. As a rule Buddhism, when it penetrated into the soul of a community, serves to raise its culture and civilization to the higher horizons of the Buddhist world-view. In many instances it was only with the coming of Buddhism, and only through the stimulus it provided, and the aspirations it awakened, that art forms associated with
it could fully develop and reach the high standards that it reached throughout Asia. Thanks to Buddhism the various art traditions, which until then had been largely regional, were able to establish contact elsewhee at the international level. Moving along the trade routes the exchange of ideas and cross fertilizing of the arts and cultural matters across the huge areas, were influenced by Buddhist thought due to its social merit. Concerning the greatest of contributions Buddhism have made to the arts of Asia, Professor Seckel writes: Buddhism succeeded in solving one of the major problems of Asian art: the problem of rendering the sacred in a human form of universal validity and appeal. It is in the third century B.C. that Buddhist art as an art form in itself first appears. Buddhist literature records Buddhist knowledge and its fusion and freedom of thinking developed within its philosophy evolving, through participation of generations of intellectuals, into a magnificent treasury of sacred books which has been described as Oceans of letters, forests of bibles. The sacred books are divided into three main sources, namely; The Buddhist Bible or Sutram, The Law Vinayah and The Philosophy Abhidharma. The source of Sutram includes all spoken teachings by the Buddha as reported by his disciples in, the five Great Sacred Books.The source of Vi-
nayah, is the system of essential disciplines that are to be exercised, by both the Sangha (Buddhist Monks and Nuns) and the Buddhist believers. It serves as the substratum of the Buddhist order. The source of Abbidharma, are philosophical essays that explains and develops the es sential meaning of the original Sutram. This great treasury of literature owed its due to successive generations of Buddhist authors. After the Masters Parinirvana, the first council of the Sangha was organized to gather his original teachings and basic religious laws as the cornerstone, of the Buddhist order. This was the meeting of about 500 disciples or so, taken place at Rajagriha city. The Bibles were written both in Pali, and Sancrit under Anandas dictation, and the Books of Law under Upali. The Essays or Abhidharma were later written as the further development from the former bibles. Two books, namely Agamas sutra and Eighty-Gatha Vinaya hence came into being as the output of this gathering. A century later, a second meeting was organized at Vesali aimed at a general review over the former bibles and law; and in the mean time, to clear out all elements of strange conceptions and evils scattered inside the Buddhist community. This was also conceived as a turn of the ideology toward divergences into a variety of schools. It has been said that Master Mahadeva with
his fivefold revolutionary manifesto had launched the first blow of a movement that split the early Buddhism into two schools namely the conservative of Hinasanghika school and the more liberal Mahasanghika school. Both still under went many further sub-divisions (2). These complex events manifested into an interesting wealth of Buddhist literature on the one hand, but otherwise such literature may lead learners into a world of letters, with their great variety of confusing and contradictory views. It is up to the more contemporary writings based on these older written treasures to clear up such confusions. Buddhism in India was geographically divided into the Northern school of Mahayana Buddhism and that of the Southern school of Therevada Buddhism before spreading abroad. The Northern, Buddhism left metropolitan Gandhara as point of departure and travelled north then eastward into China through Central Asia, known as the Silk Road also as the Highway of Buddhism. From China, Buddhism moved in various directions to Mongolia, Manchuria, Korea, Japan and Vietnam. The Southern school on the other hand, spread out from Ceylon to reach Burma, Thailand, Cambodia and Laos and touched on parts of western Vietnam. On its travels, Buddhism adapted itself to native belief systems incorporating them into its metaphors and symbols. Buddhist intellectuals all
over the world and the representatives of Buddhist nations are now engaged in their best for the efforts towards greater unity within Buddhist schools of thought towards the common cause of world peace and happiness. After the past two millenniums of polarization, Buddhism today is at the very threshold of the long-fought reunification and synthesis as has been the case within Vietnams Unified Buddhist Church that came into existence in 1963. We expect this reconciliation of the Northern and Southern Buddhist groups in Vietnam will contribute towards to unification of the various Buddhist schools of thought through out the world. Towards building and achieving great harmony within the Buddhist world, the followers of the Buddha are encouraged have an open mind and welcome change towards greater understanding and realization of the Buddhas ideals while gaining deeper insight into the noble content of the Great Masters teachings. Buddhism and Science It is impossible for Buddhism to answer satisfactorily all the problems faced by humans due to the rapid development of technology and its impact on traditional life. Concerns such as maintaining material wealth and productivity,and our power to organize a technological system that does not threaten social order due to rapid change and social breakdown needs to be balanced. We
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Hnh: : Facebk IMICHAEL TRAN www. imichaelphoto.com
need to look deeply within ourselves as to being responsible in the application of these forces, inventions and economic events to preserve human dignity and prevent social breakdown. On the other hand, Buddhism has a realistic attitude towards essential usefulness and principles of science. Science should be perceived as the very output of mans thought and consciousness over the experimental and practical problems culminated over time. Scientific theories provide the substratum of the civilization within the world today. But as Indian scholar Kantilya, said: Philosophy is the lamp of all sciences, the means of performing all. In other words we need to be guided by philosophies that lead sciences to positive human and social outcomes. It is interesting that the further science is proceeds into and beyond the atomic age and into macro world of space and the universe, and into the micro world of atomic and sub atomic particles, the closer science expresses ideas, theories and thoughts related to Buddhist concepts. The Buddhist viewpoint of the existence of phenomena seems to on good terms with modern scientific explanations of existence. Hundreds of years before the modern astronomers discovered the existence of the multitude of other worlds in outer space, the Buddha had, from beneath his Boddhi tree of Enlightenment, taught of the Trisaharasramahasahasro lokadhatu or of another three thousand worlds that exist in the universe beyond our world. It was quite impossible for such a radical concept to be acknowledged by his contemporaries and it has been only recently through sciences such as astronomy that such ideas have reaffirmed by modern science.
There is no question that the philosophical questions and concepts of early Buddhism are some of the most original ideas which the history of philosophy can hark back to. In its fundamental ideas and essential spirit Buddhism relates remarkably to the advanced scientific thought of the nineteenth century onward. The modernist so called pessimistic philosophies of the German nationals Schopenhauer and Hartmann, seem only a revised version of ancient Buddhism and Indian Philosopher, S Radharkrishnan described Buddhism as a means to reconcile religion and science As far as the dynamic conception of reality is concerned, Buddhism is a prophecy of the creative evolutionism of Bergson. Early Buddhism suggests the outline of a philosophy suited to the practical wants of present day and helpful in reconciling the conflict between faith and science. Buddhism then is thus not only as a philosophy or a spiritual philosophy religion and movement, is also has a functional relationship and basis in the sciences. Besides a way of salvation, Buddhism still expresses itself as the realistic ideology that is capable of evolving into a complete development of modern culture due to its ability to accommodate the arts, learning, science and technology. These times are right for Buddhists endowed with the heritage of wisdom from our Lord Buddha to put His Noble Truth into action. Lets transcend human conditions and establish a finer better living in a harmonious secular yet religious system on this planet. To those ends Buddhism will adapt to the variety of intellectual ideas of these times. As to dealing with Buddhist culture here in this
essay, its history, its of its ability to merge with other cultures ideas and ways of life through over two millenniums, as a general survey I have provided but a short and inadequate description. The most essentials I covered areas follows. First, we coincided the modern world, contemporary life and its challenges, the problems of
our situation at this flux of civilization, this blending of technological and cultural change, and its deliverance by the Buddhist insight, motivation and conscious action. Secondly we dealt with the misunderstandings that people and critics have levelled against Buddhism. Thirdly, we dealt the fundamental principles of Buddhist teachings.
Last but not least we dealt with the of Buddhist culture and ideas or Buddhist consciousness in relation to science and technology and as a force that should be brought into our lives toward the good of all and the propagation of Dharma Law. May the Light of Compassion be with us all. THICH DUC NHUAN
TM THNG NH
Xun Ma Tuyt Trn Sierra
Triu cnh n tha hng ly lt Xun x ngi nh pho n qu hng Bao thnh suy li danh tt bt Gic m no try tra nhng xt thng? Ma tuyt chp chn ngn la T do ny dy o ni au Con n nh bay xa mi cnh Em v u ht sng mng mong manh Ra bin ln dng sng tri chy Triu ht sng triu v p nhim mu Xun vin x tr tnh t lch c Chung chiu ngn! tm vng l nh bung
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NGUYN LM THNG
Chng Ng
An nhin nh vng trng Sng ngn trong gi bi Mnh mang ci vnh hng L c tin khng tui Vt trn nh h khng Gi tm mnh t ti Gii thuyt nh dng sng Gp ghnh v chy mi Khp mnh l n dt L ri l v thng i khc - ci - h - thc Tm nim l sc khng y bn b chng ng Lc quan trong mt ngi Hy qun nim lao kh Hy dung ha ni vui.
Ging Non
Ta cn ma xun thm nc mi em Ging non lm, t tri non n lm Mai vng o, m hng o thm Tui hn nhin nh c ngt xanh i Ta tri tnh yu bng hng sc t tri Bng sng mt, bng tc trm ng Run nhp th gic mu tim hi h Khc dng cm ca hai tri tim yu Gia mnh mng ta khng bit ni nhiu Em cng th, ch bit ma... xun lm Dng sng yu bo tin ngy rt ngn V m thanh l ting ni ca hng Tng ngn tay an nghe mu chy v thng Thin nhin v bc tranh ma tuyt tc Ta chi gia ngy xun ung say tng cc nhc Lo o hn li ht khc ging non.
Nhn Dy Th L Trn
Trn ging ng hm nay Ti cng em n vi nhng bi th Thin ca mt thi hng quc Nhng bi k bn v vn nc Quy lut t sinh, vn vt v thng... V cuc i nh th ht sng Hy gnh vc xin ng nn s hi Hy v u trao n ci bc i Cho vnh hng p mi nt chn nh T rn mnh thot khi chn m u Dng nh nguyn vn xui v bin c nh chng ng l vin ton Bt Nh Ngm tng cu mi thy l uyn nguyn Cng t tm m chut ly kh phin Cng t tm m nh tnh tc lu Th c ngm: m t r, t r tt l i din cuc i phi xc tn lc quan Bao th k qua chn l vn r rng Ta hc c nhng g trong ci v vi y? t nc ang cn nhng bn tay v khi c Nhng tri tim mang kht vng dng xy Nhng bi th Thin trn bc ging hm nay Em hy thuc nh mt li tm nim ngy mai trong pht giy chim nghim L v thng l l t nhin...
Thng Ging Hi Lc
(Cho L Tr Linh) Thng ging hin nh mi em son Gi tc xanh v nng mt trn Lng vui hn ph bng hng sc Lc bic ngt ngo bn tay non Thng ging o mi chong vai gi Tay nm bn tay chm ph di Bc nh em gieo vn hnh phc Lng anh vng vu gt liu trai Thng ging hi lc trong hi th Trong ting ci vui trong th Thm nc n hn say bt tn t tri lng ling cht bung t...
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UYEN PHUONG
and BERKLEE jazz bands
Concert
I
ts official now, please mark your calendar! . You are cordially invited to join me and BERKLEE JAZZ BAND from Boston, MA at Lac Cam Lounge in OC on Friday, February 28, 8.30pm. Guest singers are VAN QUYNH, JENNY SWOISH and VU with special appearance of cellist LASZLO MEZO. This show promises lots of new songs with new arranging. Please come to enjoy a night of jazz, funk and contemporary music with us. Tickets will be on pre-sale only: $50 VIP and $40 regular (max seating capacity 110 only) Hope to see you all there on February 28th!
VAN QUYNH
VU
JENNY
LAC CAM 15041 MORAN STREET #103, WESTMINSTER, CALIFORNIA 92683 (714) 891-8885
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tip theo trang 59
TN GIO L TM LNG NHN I V THA

v kha cnh nhn i v tha ca cc tn gio m ti c dp tham gia cng tc vi cc tu s cng nh tn , trong sut trn 40 nm hat ng x hi si ni, mit mi ca ti Vit nam gia thi chin tranh tn khc, cng nh ti nc M thanh bnh m ti n nh c t trn 10 nm nay. Xin ghi li mt s k nim vui bun vi anh ch em hc vin Trng Thanh Nin Phng S X Hi ti Khu Cha L, Ph Th Ha Gia nh. y l c s o to cn s x hi ca Gio Hi Pht Gio Vit Nam Thng Nht. Hc vin l cc tu s v Pht t, c nam ln n. Vo gia nm 1967, ti c dn mt v gio s ngi Hoa t Hongkong qua thm c s ny, th gp ng lc trng ang r au bun v ci tang tc xy ra my ba trc do k l mt thy lu n vo phng hc ca cc hc vin vo ban m, khin cho mt c gio v mt hc vin b st hi v nhiu ngi khc b thng. Thy Thch Thanh Vn, Gim c ca trng vi gong trm bun ni vi chng ti l mi ngi ti y ang qu xc ng trc tai nn thm khc ny, nhng vn quyt tm theo ui vic hc tp sau ny c th phc v x hi tt p hn. V sau ny, ti c dp hp tc vi cc hc vin ny ti nhiu ni, c bit l vng Qung Tr, Gia nh, Bin Ha, B Ra, Long Khnh trong nhiu nm cho n 1975 khi trng b gii th. Ngay gia thi chin tranh m vn c nhng ngi tr tui hng say vi cng tc x hi,tn tm tn lc chm sc cho cc nn nhn chin cuc, ngay ti cc vng mt an ninh. V h b nhiu ln b st hi, m ch sau nm 1975, th ngi ta mi c th bit r k ch mu l ai. Ngai bn Cng gio v Pht gio ra, ti cng cn c nhiu c hi gp g v st cnh vi cc gii chc v tn thuc cc tn gio khc nh Tin Lnh, Cao i, Pht Gio Ha Ho. Ni chung, th tn gio no cng tham gia c th vo cc hat ng nhn o t thin ngay t cp h tng c s ti min qu ho lnh, cng nh ti cc xm hm ly li ni cc thnh ph. C th nh ti mit Long Xuyn ni thnh a ca Pht Gio Ha Ho, vo cui nm 1966, ti c dp ti tham gia vi anh em sinh vin trong vic gip lm nh cho cc gia nh nn nhn v l lt ti C lao ng Chng, th chng ti c s h tr rt nhit tnh ca cc gii chc v tn ti y. Nh vy m cng tc cu tr c han thnh tt p.Ri khi trong t ti Hm Tn vo nm 1994-95, ti cng gp mt s t nhn chnh
tr l tn Ha Ho nh cc Anh V Thnh Sc, Nguyn Vn Sm, ai ny u t ra l ngi c nhn cch ng hang, chng chc. V pha bn Cao i cng vy, ti cng gp nhiu chc sc v tn rt ngoan o v hng say vi chuyn x hi t thin, m in hnh nh ng Mui Th phng Hng Ph, qun 8, C Su (l em ca nh bc hc Nguyn Ngc Bch) ti Thnh Tht Cao i ng Hu Giang, qun 6 Saigon. C hai v ny u rt tch cc trong vic i cng nh vic o ti a phng. V ti nh t Hm Tn, th ti cng rt gn gi vi cc Anh Phan Vn Phn gc Long Hoa, Ty Ninh, Nguyn Vn B t Sadec, tt c u l tn Cao i thun thnh, m l t nhn chnh tr lu nm. Anh em t nhn chnh tr chng ti Hm Tn hi th rt gn b, tng thn tng tr vi nhau, khng h c s phn bit v a phng, phe phi hay v tn gio no c. Tht l mt k nim su m ngay trong thi gian cn trong nh t cng sn Vit nam. Trc 1975, ti cng c dp n thm Vin i Hc Cao i Ty Ninh v cng ang tm cch gii thiu mc ni i hc ny vi mt vi i hc ngai quc. Nhng tic thay, vic cha kp lm, th n 1975 a n vic c s ny b gii th, cng nh bao nhiu c s gio dc ca cc tn gio khc na. Theo truyn thng vn ha o c ng ca cha ng ta, th ngi qun t phi c y ba tnh
cch, l Nhn, Tr v Dng. Tc l phi c lng Nhn i, bit yu mn qu trng i vi mi ngi trong nhn qun x hi. Ri phi c s trau di tr tu, hc hi cho nm vng c ci vn ling hiu bit khoa hc k thut, hu c th theo kp c vi s tin b ca thi i. V hn na, li phi c s dng cm, nhn ni bn ch tranh u cho cng l v l phi, cn bnh vc cho nhng ngi b k c quyn th chn p hip p. M qua cc s vic c th trnh by trn, th ta thy r rng l : Tn gio v cn tip tc th hin c tinh thn nhn i, bao dung i vi con ngi trong x hi hin i. V tn gio cng lun nhn ni bn ch trong cng cuc phc v nhn sinh, tn trng phm gi v bnh vc nhn quyn ca mi ngi : l tnh cch dng cm, s m lc ca ngi s phu qun t vy. Cn v phn tr tu, th nh ta c th thy c ngay bn u M ny, hin c bit bao nhiu c s i hoc v vin nghin cu, cc bnh vin m u xut pht t cc t chc tn gio. Ni vn tt li, th trong mt th ch dn ch a nguyn nh ti cc quc gia u M hin nay, th cc t chc tn gio c t do nhp cuc vi cc t chc vn ha x hi khc, c thai mi sinh hat v pht trin trong khun kh ca lnh vc X hi Dn s. V do m c th ng gp ln lao cho s an vui, hnh phc ca mi ngi trong cng ng x hi. in hnh nh ti nc M hin nay, th cc tn
gio chim n 60% trong s c triu cc t chc phi chnh ph, bt v li (non-governmental, non-profit organizations), cng nh trong s trn 3 triu cc nhm nh (small groups). V h hot ng rt hiu qu trong cc chng trnh x hi c gi l Faith-based Social Action (Hat ng x hi da trn c s ca nim tin). Hn th na, tn gio li cn kt hp vi gii hn lm i hc trong cc vic o to hun luyn v nghin cu mc chuyn mn cao, c coi nh s Hp tc gia Tn gio v i hc (Cooperation between Churches and Academy). Mt bn c Tm hn, c Lng Nhn i, c s Bn ch Hy sinh. Cn mt bn c s thng tu, s tm kim mit mi, su sc v cc ngnh khoa hc k thut. M hai bn kt hp chn thnh v cht ch vi nhau, th chc chn l s thnh cng vng bn trong s mnh phc v nhn qun x hi ngy nay vy. Bi l s kt hp s thc hin c c 3 v ca ci phng trnh: Think globally + Act locally + Love totally ( Suy ngh tan cc + Hat ng c th trong tm tay + Yu thng trn vn) = Collective Happiness (Hnh Phc Tp Th). S kt hp nhun nhuyn nh vy m c c c thc hin ti qu hng t nc chng ta, th chc chn s l nim hy vng ti sng cha chan cho dn tc Vit nam trong mt tng lai sp n vy. California, Thng T 2009 AN THANH LIM
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1. Mi ngi o mt ci ring ci yu, ci mng, ci u phin trm lun ti vo ci nh t ngy em quay bc. D dang! 2. Ci ti lay lt, dt du ci ti khut bng, ci gn, xa ci ti hn hu, bao la ci ti ngn ngi ch gi vong thn 3. Ci ti trng, lp nghit oan trm nm vay tr mt ln bc ra ci ti n, on, chnh, t ci ti vng ng, ci trm mc ti 4. Ci ti gia ci ti ngi gy hao ngy thng mng cho Nguyn Xun Xin cho nhau gia con ng ma Xun pha trc min trng pha sau* 5. Ci ti trng di trn u l th tc si i mu thi gian ci ti cht sng, ng ngng l khi ti i din ti nhng ln 6. Ci ti trng vng, bun tnh ci ti l lng gia trin u t ci ti tht, ci ti h ci ti c, cng l ci khng 7. Ci bn khon, ci ln khn ci ti r bc chn i, v ci ti tnh, ci ti m ci ti y a ti ln ny thi 8. Ci ti nga va dng chn gia vng sa mc rng rng bin h ci ti phiu ht bnh bng mt hm nga h chy khan mt tri.
L GIANG TRN
Nh Nh Rng Mai
nh khi thn vng vo xun bng bt ngn mai rng sng lm m chch che sng ku vang. nhn nha chung tr m vit vi thip chc xun gc tng ngoi hin nng cong mnh cho xun sang. mm cm cui nm cng ri ru knh t rng x hng bi thin a t vng mi vong hoang. u nm chn hiu qunh vo xng t rng bn bn i nhu n ru ty trn say nhanh. m thm thy tin tn nhc dng cm ngt tun hm sau mai rng rng bay vng nhn min man. rm thng ging mt ng trng sng trng trn u rng im sng lnh ta lng cn nh h su. li lui v th t xun nh nh rng mai thng bn b qu c bun bng qu tng lai.
* Hai cu th ca Thi s Bi Ging trong bi Cho Nguyn Xun - Ma Ngun, S Khai xb 1962
66
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ng trn ci gch ni gia Vit v c, ti khng phi l k ri b qu hng: Ti ch ri b mt mnh t v mang c qu hng theo vi mnh: Ci qu hng y, vi ti, nh vy, l mt qu hng b gii lnh th ho (deterritorialised): N khng c tnh a l. N ch cn l mt k c, nhng, nghch l thay, li l mt th k c c tnh a l, c th c gi l a d k c (geography of memory). Khi c hnh dung nh mt th a d, k c bng c kch thc tht v mnh mng hn hn: N tr thnh mt th qu hng khc ca ti.[20] H qu l: Khng phi ti sng vi k c. M l sng trong k c. K c khng trong ti. K c bao trm ly ti. K c rng hn bn thn ti. K c, vi ngi khc, c tnh tru tng, vi ti, c tnh vt th; vi ngi khc, l qu kh, vi ti, vn l hin ti: Ti sng trong tnh trng xuyn thi gian (transtemporarity) v xuyn lch s (transhistory) lin tc. Vi Vit Nam, trong a d k c v trong tnh trng xuyn thi gian v xuyn lch s nh th, ti vn gi c ci hn. Nhng li khng c t...
y tm n vi L Vn Ti, nh th kim ho s c gc Vit. Cng nh tt c nhng tc phm ngh thut sng gi, tranh v th ca ng s lm thay i cch nhn v cch c ca bn. L Vn Ti l mt con ngi vng vy gia hai b, ng chnh vnh gia hnh tng v vn bn, gia bu tri v mt t, mang mu en v mu trng vo nhau. ng vit v v nhng hnh nh p rn ngi. Trong th ca ng, ng pht ngn nh mt sinh vt l lng hin ra trng ip trn nhng tm b v ca ng, l con chim di c. ng gieo nhng ht mm t Vit Nam ln lnh th ca chng ta. Ngn ng ca ng to nn mt s giao thoa gia hai qu hng khi ng m mt l trnh gia ting Anh v ting Vit. y l li hnh vn chn mui v y trc cm ca mt ngh s bm cht vo nghip vit. Ngn t v hnh nh, ngn t v ng thi, khng lc no ngng di chuyn. Nhng bi th c th vt ra khi th loi ca chng bi v nhng hnh thi m chng to ra khng ch ng yn mt ch m li khin cho ngn ng chuyn ng, xoay mng.
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hoam

TH SU, 31 thng 1, 2014 WWW.HOADAMNEWS.COM B mi 2014. S 12

o pht vi tui tr. Tranh mu nc ca Ha s NGUYN TH HP

TRAO CHO THI I MT NI DUNG PHT CHT

MNG XUN GIP NG

HY TRAO CHO THI I

TN GIO L TM LNG NHN

Hnh: PHC TRUNG HUNH I TNG

Th Php ca THIN S NHT HNH

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

PHT T VIT NAM:

C Ha thng THCH C NHUN

tip theo trang 2

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

TNG THN TRN MNG, TI SAO KHNG?

TRAO CHO THI I MT NI DUNG PHT CHT

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

Hnh: UYN NGUYN/HOA M

SM SA TT, NGI HO HC, NGI LY L

Mt gc ch Tt Phc Lc Th 2014. (Hnh: Ngc Lan/Ngi Vit)

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

MI INH NGI NG NT XUNG TI I

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

TNG THN TRN MNG, TI SAO KHNG?

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PHT T VIT NAM:

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PHT T VIT NAM:

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MI INH NGI NG NT XUNG TI I

Chung bo chng Xm Thng - Upper hamlet - Plum Village - LNG MAI

Bi Ging v D tm hoa c sn du trn giy plast 20 x 22 in INH CNG 6- 2013

MI INH NGI NG NT XUNG TI I

HY VUI LNG LIU LIU

GIP CHO NHAU...

Nh vn MAI THO (Hnh: Internet)

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

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GII M NHNG B MT CA THIN NH

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

BC CHN KHNG BIT TH

Ci chng #1, 2004 - Tranh NGUYN MAN NHIN

X TRM (1) HNG

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

MT ON TH XUI TRCH T 1990

NHNG NGY GIP TT

Ba bi th Xun Kao Nguyn

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

Hnh: LNG MAI / www.langmai.org

TRONG NN M THUT C TRUYN VIT NAM

PHT T VIT NAM:

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MT ON TH XUI TRCH T 1990

NNG CAO SINH HOT TR THC

THE PATH TO WELLNESS

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NGUYN VIT THNG

Con nga (1) - Gm, H 80cm, 2013

Con nga (2), Gm H45cm, 2013

Con nga (3), Gm H55cm, 2014. Cha nung, chp khi t vn cn t.

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VI DNG NGA TRONG NN M THUT C TRUYN VIT NAM