DNG : KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH AXIT.

I- C S L THUYT HCl R + H2SO4 HNO3 R + H2SO4dac

Muoi hoa tri thap + H2 San pham khu cua S Muoi hoa tri cao + San pham khu cua N + H2O

Mt ! "#$ % t&'() *$+ t&,(- "./ 0.1: 1. Khi KL hoc h n h!p "#m nhi$u KL t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch HCl '* H 2SO4 lo+n" ta lu,n c-. nHCl / 2nH2 nH2SO4 / nH2 2. C%c KL nhi$u h-a tr) khi t%c d&n" '(i nh-m a0it kh%c nhau. 1HCl2 H2SO4 lo+n"3 '* 1HNO32 H2SO4 45m 4c3 th6 th7 hi8n c%c h-a tr) kh%c nhau n9n khi 'i:t ph;<n" tr6nh ph=n >n" ta ph=i 4t c%c h-a tr) kh%c nhau.

3. N:u h n h!p nhi$u kim lo?i t%c d&n" '(i a0it th6 tron" 4- kim lo?i c- t@nh khA m?nh h<n 4;!c ;u ti9n B) OCH tr;(c. DE1. HFa tan h n h!p 2 KL Gl '* HI tron" dun" d)ch HCl th6 th> tJ ph=n >n" 0=K ra nh; Lau. 2Gl + MHCl N 2GlCl3 + 3H2 HI + 2HCl N HICl2 + H2 DE2. Ho* tan h n h!p "#m HI '* Cu '*o dun" d)ch HNO3 lo+n" th6 c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra nh; Lau. 3HI + OHNO3 N 3HI1NO332 + 2NO + 4H2O 3Cu + OHNO3 N 3Cu1NO332 + 2NO + 4H2O 3HI1NO332 + 1PHNO3 N 3HI1NO333 + NO + QH2O 4. Rron" Su% tr6nh l*m B*i cTn chU V LA d&n" WLXRKL '* WLXR IlIctron 47 ti:t ki8m thYi "ian. WLXR IlIctron RZn" L[ mol I cho / tZn" L[ mol I nh5n L[ I cho \ L[ mol ch]t cho / L[ I nh5n \ L[ mol ch]t nh5n K:t h!p "i^a ph;<n" ph%p B=o to*n kh[i l;!n" '* ph;<n" ph%p B=o to*n IlIctro ta c- c%c Bi7u th>c t@nh kh[i l;!n" mu[i thu 4;!c Lau ph=n >n" nh; Lau. K-!1 "#2() /$!1 C"'&$3 4 /KL 5 /C"6 4 /KL 5 78.(H9 /KL 5 :;.(H9 K-!1 "#2() /$!1 $(<-3t 4 /KL 5 /SO=96 4 /KL 5 :;.(SO9 K-!1 "#2() /$!1 (1t&3t 4 /KL 5 /NO>6 4 T?' /$!1 /KL 5;9.8A(N9 ! /'" /NO>6 t?' /$!1 4 ! /'" B C-' 4 ! /'" B (-D( 4 (NO9 5 >(NO 5 @( N9O 5 8A( N9 5 @ ( NH> 5 @ ( NH=NO> 6 ! /'" /NO> <# 4 4 9(NO9 5 =(NO 5 8A( N9O 5 89( N9 5 @ ( NH> 5 8A ( NH=NO> E( <-F/ G-H (.' G-I() CJ KB/ (-# 0L() G-I() Q. Gl2 HI2 Cr thu 4_n" '(i H2SO4 4c n"u_i '* HNO3 4c n"u_i. /KL 5 ;9. (NO9 /KL 5 ;9.>(NO /KL 5 ;9.@(N9O

II6 MNI TOP VON DNG M.1 8. Cho 1P "am h n h!p c%c kim lo?i M" '* Cu t%c d&n" h:t '(i dun" d)ch HCl lo+n" d; thu 4;!c 32`33 lit H214kc3. Rh*nh phTn a cba M" tron" h n h!p l*. A. QPa. M. 3Qa. C. 2Pa. D. 4Pa. M.1 9. M_t h n h!p "#m 13 "am kcm '* Q2M "am Ldt t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch a0it Luneuric lo+n" d;. Rh7 t@ch kh@ hidro 14ktc3 4;!c "i=i ph-n" Lau ph=n >n" l*. A. 2224 lit. M. 424O lit. C. M2`2 lit. D. M`22 lit. M.1 >. Cho 42PQ "am Gl tan h:t tron" dun" d)ch HNO3 thu D l@t N2O 14kc3 duK nh]t. fi% tr) D l* A. 22Q2 l@t. M. 323M l@t. C. 424O l@t. D. 122M l@t. M.1 =: H n h!p C "#m HI '* Cu2 tron" 4- Cu chi:m 43224a kh[i l;!n". Cho 142O "am C t%c d&n" h:t '(i dun" d)ch HCl th]K c- D l@t kh@ 14ktc3 BaK ra. fi% tr) cba D l* A. 1212 l@t. M. 323M l@t. C. 2224 l@t. D. 424O l@t. M.1 Q: Ho* tan ho*n to*n 12Q "am h n h!p B_t Gl '* M" '*o dun" d)ch HCl thu 4;!c 12MO l@t H 2 14kc3. ghTn a kh[i l;!n" cba Gl tron" h n h!p l* A. MPa. M. 4Pa. C. 3Pa. D. OPa. M.1 ;: HFa tan M2Q "am hn tron" dun" d)ch a0it HCl d;2 Lau ph=n >n" c, c?n dun" d)ch th6 L[ "am mu[i khan thu 4;!c l* 1Cho H / 12 hn / MQ2 Cl / 3Q2Q3 A. 2P2` "am. M. 132M "am. C. 142iM "am. D. 2`22 "am. M.1 7. Ho* tan ho*n to*n `2O "am h n h!p "#m M"2 Gl tron" dun" d)ch HCl d; th]K t?o ra O2iM l@t kh@ H2 14kc3. C, c?n dun" d)ch Lau ph=n >n" thu 4;!c m "am mu[i khan. fi% tr) cba m l* A. 1O21 "am. M. 3M22 "am. C. Q423 "am. D. M322 "am. M.1 @: Cho 2P "am h n h!p B_t M" '* HI t%c d&n" h:t '(i dun" d)ch HCl th]K c- 1 "am kh@ H 2 BaK ra. L;!n" mu[i clorua t?o ra tron" dun" d)ch l* Bao nhi9u "am j A. 4P2Q". M. 4Q2Q". C. QQ2Q". D. MP2Q". M.1 :. Cho 112i "am h n h!p "#m hn2 Gl tan ho*n to*n tron" dun" d)ch H2SO4 lo+n" d; th]K c- O2iM lit kh@ 14kc3 tho%t ra. Kh[i l;!n" h n h!p mu[i Luneat khan thu 4;!c l*. A. 442i "am. M. `421 "am. C. QP23 "am. D. 242` "am. M.1 8A. Cho 12OM "am h n h!p Gl '* M" t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch HNO3 lo+n" d; th6 thu 4;!c QMP ml l@t kh@ N2O 14ktc2 L=n phkm khA duK nh]t3 BaK ra. Kh[i l;!n" mu[i nitrat t?o ra tron" dun" d)ch l*. A. 4P2Q "am. M. 142M2 "am. C. 2421M "am. D. 1422M "am. M.1 88: Ho* tan M24 "am Cu Bln" a0it H 2SO4 4c2 n-n" 1d;32 Linh ra D l@t kh@ SO 2 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba D l* A. 424O. M. M2`2. C. 323M. D. 2224. M.1 89: Ho* tan Q2M "am HI Bln" dun" d)ch HNO3 lo+n" 1d;32 Linh ra D l@t kh@ NO 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba D l* A. M2`2. M. 424O. C. 2224. D. 323M. M.1 8>: Cho 1P "am h n h!p "#m HI '* Cu t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch H2SO4 lo+n" 1d;3. Sau ph=n >n" thu 4;!c 2224 l@t kh@ hi4ro 1m 4ktc32 dun" d)ch C '* m "am ch]t rdn kh,n" tan. fi% tr) cba m l* 1Cho H / 12 HI / QM2 Cu / M43 A. M24 "am. M. 324 "am. C. Q2M "am. D. 424 "am. M.1 8=: Cho m "am h n h!p C "#m Gl2 Cu '*o dun" d)ch HCl 1d;32 Lau khi k:t thUc ph=n >n" Linh ra 323M l@t kh@ 1m 4ktc3. N:u cho m "am h n h!p C tr9n '*o m_t l;!n" d; a0it nitric 14c2 n"u_i32 Lau khi k:t thUc ph=n >n" Linh ra M2`2 l@t kh@ NO2 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba m l* A. 1Q2M. M. 1P2Q. C. 112Q. D. 1223. M.1 8Q. Cho m "am HI '*o dun" d)ch HNO3 l]K d; ta thu 4;!c O2iM lit14kc3 h n h!p kh@ C "#m 2 kh@ NO '* NO 2 ctn kh[i h<i h n h!p C Lo '(i o0i Bln" 12312Q. fi% tr) cba m l* A. P2QM "am. M. 1212 "am. C. 1122 "am. D. Q2M "am. M.1 8;Cho MP "am h n h!p Cu '* CuO tan h:t tron" dun" d)ch HNO3 lo+n" d; thu 4;!c 13244 lit kh@ NO 14kc2 L=n phkm khA duK nh]t3. ghTn a '$ kh[i l;!n" cba Cu tron" h n h!p l*. A. Mia. M. iMa. C. 44a D. QMa. M.1 87. Cho 22O "am h n h!p B_t kim lo?i B?c '* 4#n" t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch HNO 3 4c2 d; th6 thu 4;!c P2OiM l@t kh@ NO2 duK nh]t 1m 4ktc3. Rh*nh phTn phTn trom cba B?c '* 4#n" tron" h n h!p lTn l;!t l*. A. `3a p 2`a. M. ``214a p 222OMa C. QPap QPa. D. 44a p QMa M.1 8@: Ho* tan ho*n to*n 1223 "am h n h!p C "#m Cu '* Gl '*o dun" d)ch HNO 3 4c2 n-n" thu 4;!c 12344 l@t kh@ NO2 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. ghTn trom '$ kh[i l;!n" cba Cu tron" h n h!p C l* A. 212iQa. M. `O2PQa. C. MO2PQa. D. 2i21Qa. M.1 8:. Cho a "am B_t Gl t%c d&n" 'qa 4b '(i dun" d)ch HNO3 lo+n" thu 4;!c dun" d)ch G chn ch>a m_t mu[i duK nh]t '* P21`i2 l@t 14ktc3 h n h!p kh@ NO2 N2 c- tn kh[i h<i Lo H2 l* 1422Q. R@nh a j A. P24Qi "am. M. P2Qi4 "am. C. Q2i4 "am. D. P2iQ4 "am. M.1 9A: Cho h n h!p G "#m Cu '* M" '*o dun" d)ch HCl d; thu 4;!c Q2M l@t kh@ 14kc3 kh,n" m*u '* m_t ch]t rdn kh,n" tan X. Ern" dun" d)ch H2SO4 4c2 n-n" 47 ho* tan ch]t rdn X thu 4;!c 2224 l@t kh@ SO2 14kc3. Kh[i l;!n" h n h!p G Ban 4Tu l*.

A. M24 "am. M. 1224 "am. C. M2P "am. D. O2P "am. M.1 98: Cho a "am h n h!p M" '* Gl '*o 2QP ml dun" d)ch C ch>a 2 a0it . HCl 1M '* H 2SO4 P2QM 4;!c dun" d)ch X '* 423MO l@t H2 14ktc3 th6 tron" dun" d)ch X Lc. A. E; a0it M. Rhi:u a0it C. Eun" d)ch mu[i D. R]t c= 4$u Lai M.1 99: Cho 22PM "am h n h!p "#m HI2 Gl2 Cu t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch HNO 3 lo+n" d; thu 4;!c P2OiM l@t NO duK nh]t m 4ktc. Kh[i l;!n" mu[i NO3s Linh ra l* . A. i2Q "am M. `244 "am C. `2P2 "am D. 42Q4 "am M.1 9>. Cho 221M "am M" t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch HNO 3 1d;3. Sau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n thu 4;!c P2OiM l@t kh@ NO 1m 4ktc3 '* dun" d)ch C. Kh[i l;!n" mu[i khan thu 4;!c khi l*m BaK h<i dun" d)ch C l* G. O2OO "am. X. 132i2 "am. C. M2Q2 "am. E. 13232 "am. M.1 9=: Cho m "am h n h!p C "#m Gl2 Cu '*o dun" d)ch HCl 1d;32 Lau khi k:t thUc ph=n >n" Linh ra 323M l@t kh@ 1m 4ktc3. N:u cho m "am h n h!p C tr9n '*o m_t l;!n" d; a0it nitric 14c2 n"u_i32 Lau khi k:t thUc ph=n >n" Linh ra M2`2 l@t kh@ NO2 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba m l* G. 112Q. X. 1P2Q. C. 1223. E. 1Q2M. M.1 9Q: Rh7 t@ch dun" d)ch HNO 3 1M 1lo+n"3 @t nh]t cTn drn" 47 ho* tan ho*n to*n m_t h n h!p "#m P21Q mol HI '* P21Q mol Cu l* 1Bi:t ph=n >n" t?o ch]t khA duK nh]t l* NO3 G. 12P l@t. X. P2M l@t. C. P2O l@t. E. 122 l@t. M.1 9;: Chia h n h!p 2 kim lo?i c- ho% tr) kh,n" 4Zi l*m 2 phTn Bln" nhau. ghTn 1 tan h:t tron" dun" d)ch HCl t?o ra 12`i2 l@t H2 14ktc3. ghTn 22 nun" tron" o0i thu 4;!c 22O4 "am h n h!p o0it. Kh[i l;!n" h n h!p 2 kim lo?i Ban 4Tu l*. A. 224 "am M. 3212 "am C. 222 "am D. 12O "am M.1 97: Cho m "am Cu t%c d&n" h:t '(i dun" d)ch HNO 3 thu 4;!c 1212 l@t 14ktc3 h n h!p kh@ NO '* NO 2 c- tn kh[i Lo '(i H2 l* 1M2M . fi% tr) cba m l*. A. 32i "am M. 421M "am C. 223O "am D. 22PO "am M.1 9@: Cho h n h!p C "#m M" '* HI '*o dun" d)ch a0it H 2SO4 4c2 n-n" 4:n khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch t '* m_t phTn HI kh,n" tan. Ch]t tan c- tron" dun" d)ch t l* G. M"SO4 '* HISO4. X. M"SO4. C. M"SO4 '* HI21SO433. E. M"SO42 HI21SO433 '* HISO4 M.1 9:: Cho M2`2 "am HI '*o dun" d)ch ch>a P23 mol H 2SO4 4c2 n-n" 1"i= thi:t SO2 l* L=n phkm khA duK nh]t3. Sau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c 1cho HI / QM3 G. P2P3 mol HI21SO433 '* P2PM mol HISO4. X. P2PQ mol HI21SO433 '* P2P2 mol HI d;. C. P2P2 mol HI21SO433 '* P2PO mol HISO4. E. P212 mol HISO4. M.1 >A: HFa tan ho*n to*n 12 "am h n h!p HI2 Cu 1tn l8 mol 1.13 Bln" a0it HNO32 thu 4;!c D l@t 1m 4ktc3 h n h!p kh@ C 1"#m NO '* NO23 '* dun" d)ch t 1chn ch>a hai mu[i '* a0it d;3. Rn kh[i cba C 4[i '(i H2 Bln" 1i. fi% tr) cba D l*. A. 2224. M. 424O. C. 5,60. D. 323M. M.1 >8: Cho m "am h n h!p M"2 Gl '*o 2QP ml dun" d)ch C ch>a h n h!p a0it HCl 1M '* a0it H2SO4 P2QM2 thu 4;!c Q232 l@t H2 1m 4ktc3 '* dun" d)ch t 1coi th7 t@ch dun" d)ch kh,n" 4Zi3. Eun" d)ch t c- pH l* A. 1. M. M. C. `. D. 2. M.1 >9: Cho h n h!p HI2 Cu ph=n >n" '(i dun" d)ch HNO3 lo+n". Sau khi ph=n >n" ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch chn ch>a m_t ch]t tan '* kim lo?i d;. Ch]t tan 4- l* A. Cu1NO332. M. HNO3. C. Fe(NO3)2. D. HI1NO333. M.1 >>: RhJc hi8n hai th@ n"hi8m. 13 Cho 32O4 "am Cu ph=n >n" '(i OP ml dun" d)ch HNO3 1M tho%t ra D1 l@t NO. 23 Cho 32O4 "am Cu ph=n >n" '(i OP ml dun" d)ch ch>a HNO3 1M '* H2SO4 P2Q M tho%t ra D2 l@t NO. Xi:t NO l* L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 c%c th7 t@ch kh@ 4o m crn" 4i$u ki8n. uuan h8 "i^a D1 '* D2 l* A. D2 / D1. B. V2 = 2V1. C. D2 / 22QD1. D. D2 / 12QD1. M.1 >=: HFa tan ho*n to*n 3222 "am h n h!p C "#m HI2 M" '* hn Bln" m_t l;!n" 'qa 4b dun" d)ch H2SO4 lo+n"2 thu 4;!c 12344 l@t hi4ro 1m 4ktc3 '* dun" d)ch ch>a m "am mu[i. fi% tr) cba m l* 1Cho H / 1p O / 1Mp M" / 24p S / 32p HI / QMp hn / MQ3 A. i2Q2. M. 1P22`. C. 8,98. D. `22Q M.1 >Q. Ho* tan ho*n to*n h n h!p C "#m HI '* M" Bln" m_t l;!n" 'qa 4b dun" d)ch HCl 2Pa2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch t. N#n" 4_ cba HICl2 tron" dun" d)ch t l* 1Q2`Ma. N#n" 4_ phTn trom cba M"Cl2 tron" dun" d)ch t l* 1Cho H / 1p M" / 24p Cl / 3Q2Qp HI / QM3 G. 24224a. X. 112`ia. C. 2O221a. E. 1Q2`Ma. M.1 >;. Cho 32M "am M" t%c d&n" h:t '(i dun" d)ch HNO3 1d;32 Linh ra 2224 l@t kh@ C 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. Kh@ C l* G. N2O. X. NO2. C. N2. E. NO.

M.1 >7. Ho* tan h:t `2`4 "am h n h!p B_t M"2 Gl Bln" QPP ml dun" d)ch h n h!p HCl 1M '* H2SO4 P22OM thu 4;!c dun" d)ch C '* O2`3M l@t kh@ H2 1m 4ktc3. C, c?n dun" d)ch C thu 4;!c l;!n" mu[i khan l* G. 3O2i3 "am. X. 1P32OQ "am. C. 2Q2iQ "am. E. ``2OM "am. M.1 >@ Cho 322 "am B_t Cu t%c d&n" '(i 1PP ml dun" d)ch h n h!p "#m HNO3 P2OM '* H2SO4 P22M. Sau khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 Linh ra D l@t kh@ NO 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba D l* G. P2`4M. X. P244O. C. 12`i2. E. P2M`2. M.1 >:. Cho 221M "am M" t%c d&n" '(i dun" d)ch HNO3 1d;3. Sau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n thu 4;!c P2OiM l@t kh@ NO 1m 4ktc3 '* dun" d)ch C. Kh[i l;!n" mu[i khan thu 4;!c khi l*m BaK h<i dun" d)ch C l* G. O2OO "am. X. 132i2 "am. C. M2Q2 "am. E. 13232 "am. M.1 =A. Cho m "am h n h!p C "#m Gl2 Cu '*o dun" d)ch HCl 1d;32 Lau khi k:t thUc ph=n >n" Linh ra 323M l@t kh@ 1m 4ktc3. N:u cho m "am h n h!p C tr9n '*o m_t l;!n" d; a0it nitric 14c2 n"u_i32 Lau khi k:t thUc ph=n >n" Linh ra M2`2 l@t kh@ NO2 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba m l* G. 112Q. X. 1P2Q. C. 1223. E. 1Q2M. M.1 =8. Cho 22` " hh M"2 Gl2 Cu tan '*o dd HNO3 d; t?o ra P2P2 mol NO2 P2PO mol NO2. Kh[i l;!n" mu[i thu 4;!c l*. G. M242 " X. O2MO " C. 1123O " E. `2MM M.1 =9. HFa tan h:t crn" m_t HI tron" dun" d)ch HNO3 d; th]K Linh ra h n h!p kh@ ch>a P2P3 mol NO 2 '* P2P2 mol NO. Kh[i l;!n" HI B) hFa tan Bln" Bao nhi9u "amj G. P2QM "am X. 1212 "am C. 12MO "am E. 2224 "am DNG : KIM LOI TC DNG VI MURI

I- C S L THUYT 1- Ph=n >n" "i^a kim lo?i '(i dun" d)ch mu[i 0=K ra thIo Sui tdc z {Ch]t khA m?nh t%c d&n" '(i ch]t o0i ho% m?nh 47 Linh ra ch]t khA K:K h<n '* ch]t o0i ho% K:u h<n. VD: Fe + Cu2+ N Fe2+ + Cu 3+ Cu + Fe N Fe2+ + Cu2+ 2- Tr;Yn" h!p cho h n h!p nhi$u kim lo?i t%c dJn" '(i m_t dun" d)ch mu[i th6 kim lo?i c- t@nh khA m?nh h<n Lc B) OCH tr;(c. DE. Ho* tan h n h!p kim lo?i M"2 HI '* Cu tron" dun" d)ch ch>a mu[i G"NO3 th6 th> tJ ph=n >n" 0=K ra nh; Lau. M" + 2G"+ N M"2+ + 2G" + HI + 2G" N HI2+ + 2G" Cu + 2G"+ N Cu2+ + 2G" 2+ + HI + G" N HI3+ + G" >6 Rr;Yn" h!p ho* tan m_t kim lo?i '*o dun" d)ch ch>a nhi$u mu[i th6 ion kim lo?i n*o c- t@nh OCH m?nh h<n Lc B) khA tr;(c. DE. Ho* tan HI tron" dun" d)ch ch>a 4#n" thYi c%c dun" d)ch HCl2 G"NO3 '* CuSO42 th> tJ ph=n >n" 0=K ra lTn l;!t nh; Lau. HI + 2G"+ N HI2+ + 2G" HI + Cu2+ N HI2+ + Cu + HI + 2H N HI2+ + H2 4s W7 "i=i B*i to%n n*K ta th;Yn" LA d&n" k:t h!p c%c ph;<n" ph%p "i=i Lau. X=o to*n kh[i l;!n"2 B=o to*n 4i8n t@ch2 B=o to*n n"uK9n t[2 ton" "i=m kh[i l;!n"2 B=o to*n IlIctron| Qs C%c kim lo?i tan tron" n;(c khi t%c d&n" '(i c%c dn" d)ch mu[i kh,n" cho ra kim lo?i m(i. DE. 2Na + CuSO4 + H2O N Cu1OH32 + Na2SO4 + H2 Ms Rron" m,i tr;Yn" trun" t@nh ion NO3s kh,n" c- t@nh OCH nh;n" tron" m,i tr;Yn" a0it NO3s l* m_t ch]t OCH m?nh DE. 3Cu + 2NO3s + OH+ N 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O

II6 MNI TOP VON DNG M.1 8. N"vm m_t 4inh Ldt L?ch tron" 2PP ml dun" d)ch CuSO4 Lau khi ph=n >n" k:t thUc2 l]K 4inh Ldt ra khwi dun" d)ch rAa nhx l*m kh, nh5n th]K kh[i l;!n" 4inh Ldt ton" th9m P2O "am. N#n" 4_ molyl@t cba dun" d)ch CuSO 4 4+ drn" l*. A. P22QM. M. P24M. C. P23M. D. P2QM.

M.1 9. N"vm m_t l% kcm '*o dun" d)ch c- ho* tan O232 "am CdSO4. gh=n >n" 0on" l]K l% kcm ra khwi dun" d)ch2 rAa nhx2 l*m kh, th6 th]K kh[i l;!n" l% kcm ton" th9m 223Qa Lo '(i kh[i l;!n" l% kcm tr;(c ph=n >n". Kh[i l;!n" l% kcm tr;(c ph=n >n" l*. A. OP"am M. MP"am C. 2P"am D. 4P"am M.1 >. NhUn" m_t 4inh Ldt c- kh[i l;!n" O "am '*o QPPml dun" d)ch CuSO4 2M. Sau m_t thYi "ian l]K 4inh Ldt ra cvn l?i th]K nn" O2O "am. N#n" 4_ molyl cba CuSO4 tron" dun" d)ch Lau ph=n >n" l*. A. P22`M M. 123MM C. 12OM D. 223M M.1 =: N"vm l% kcm tron" dun" d)ch ch>a P21 mol CuSO4. gh=n >n" 0on" th]K kh[i l;!n" l% kcm. A. ton" P21 "am. M. ton" P2P1 "am. C. "i=m P21 "am. D. kh,n" thaK 4Zi. M.1 Q: Ho* tan ho*n to*n 2O "am B_t HI '*o dun" d)ch G"NO 3 d; th6 kh[i l;!n" ch]t rdn thu 4;!c l* A. 1PO "am. M. 1M2 "am. C. 21M "am. D. 1Q4 "am. M.1 ;: NhUn" 1 thanh nh,m nn" QP "am '*o 4PPml dun" d)ch CuSO 4 P2QM. Sau m_t thYi "ian l]K thanh nh,m ra cvn nn" Q123O "am. Hwi kh[i l;!n" Cu tho%t ra l* Bao nhi9uj A. P2M4"am. M. 122O"am. C. 12i2"am. D. 22QM"am. M.1 7: N"vm m_t l% HI tron" dun" d)ch CuSO4. Sau m_t thYi "ian ph=n >n" l]K l% HI ra rAa nhx l*m kh,2 4Im cvn th]K kh[i l;!n" ton" th9m 12M "am. Kh[i l;!n" Cu B%m tr9n l% HI l* Bao nhi9u "amj A. 122O "am. M. O22 "am. C. M24 "am. D. i2M "am. M.1 @: N"vm m_t l% kcm tron" 1PP ml dun" d)ch G"NO3 P21M. Khi ph=n >n" k:t thUc2 kh[i l;!n" l% kcm ton" th9m A. P2MQ "am. M. 12Q1 "am. C. P2`QQ "am. D. 123 "am. M.1 :. Cho m "am h n h!p B_t hn '* HI '*o l;!n" d; dun" d)ch CuSO 4. Sau khi ph=n >n" k:t thUc2 l}c Bw phTn dun" d)ch2 thu 4;!c m "am B_t rdn. Rh*nh phTn a thIo kh[i l;!n" cba hn tron" h n h!p Ban 4Tu l*. G. 122M`a X. O222a C. OQ23a E. iP22`a STS KHRI M69AA7 M.1 8A. Cho 1M "am Cu '*o dun" d)ch ch>a P2P`Q mol Cu1NO 332 '* P24 mol HCl th]K c- D 1 l@t kh@ NO tho%t ra '* dun" d)ch G. Cho th9m H2SO4 lo+n"2 d; '*o dun" d)ch G th]K tho%t ra D 2 l@t kh@ NO n^a. C%c kh@ 4o m WKRC. fi% tr) D1 '* D2 l*. G. D1/ 1212 '* D2/ 2224 X. D1/1212 '* D2/323M C. D1/D2/2224 D. D1/2224 '* D2/1212 M.1 88. Cho h n h!p B_t Gl2 HI 'i dun" d)ch ch>a Cu1NO332 '* G"NO3. Sau khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c h n h!p rdn "#m Ba kim lo?i l*. G. HI2 Cu2 G". X. Gl2 Cu2 G". C. Gl2 HI2 Cu. E. Gl2 HI2 G". STSCS KHRI ATM69AA@ M.1 89. Ho* tan ho*n to*n HI 3O4 tron" dun" d)ch H 2SO4 lo+n" 1d;3 4;!c dun" d)ch C 1. Cho l;!n" d; B_t HI '*o dun" d)ch C1 1tron" 4i$u ki8n kh,n" c- kh,n" kh@3 4:n khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch C 2 ch>a ch]t tan l* G. HI21SO433 '* H2SO4. X. HISO4. C. HI21SO433. E. HISO4 '* H2SO4. STSCS KHRI ATM69AA@ M.1 8>. Cho h n h!p B_t "#m 22` "am Gl '* Q2M "am HI '*o QQP ml dun" d)ch G"NO3 1M. Sau khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c m "am ch]t rdn. fi% tr) cba m l* 1Bi:t th> tJ tron" d+K th: 4i8n ho%. HI3+yHI2+ 4>n" tr;(c G"+yG"3 G. Qi24. X. M42O. C. 3224. E. Q42P. STS KHRI A69AA@ M.1 8=: Cho M2`2 "am HI '*o 4PP ml dun" d)ch HNO3 1M2 4:n khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c kh@ NO 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t3 '* dun" d)ch C. Eun" d)ch C c- th7 ho* tan t[i 4a m "am Cu. fi% tr) cba m l* A. 12i2. M. 322P. C. P2M4. D. 32O4. STS KHRI A69AA: M.1 8Q: Cho h n h!p "#m HI '* hn '*o dun" d)ch G"NO 3 4:n khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch C "#m hai mu[i '* ch]t rdn t "#m hai kim lo?i. Hai mu[i tron" C l* A. HI1NO333 '* hn1NO332. M. hn1NO332 '* HI1NO332. C. G"NO3 '* hn1NO332. D. HI1NO332 '* G"NO3 STS KHRI A69AA: M.1 8;: Cho h n h!p "#m 1212 "am HI '* 12i2 "am Cu '*o 4PP ml dun" d)ch ch>a h n h!p "#m H2SO4 P2QM '* NaNO3 P22M. Sau khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch C '* kh@ NO 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t3. Cho D ml dun" d)ch NaOH 1M '*o dun" d)ch C th6 l;!n" k:t tba thu 4;!c l* l(n nh]t. fi% tr) t[i thi7u cba D l* A. 3MP. M. 24P. C. 4PP. D. 12P. STS KHRI A69AA: M.1 87: Cho h n h!p "#m 122 mol M" '* 0 mol hn '*o dun" d)ch ch>a 2 mol Cu 2+ '* 1 mol G"+ 4:n khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c m_t dun" d)ch ch>a Ba ion kim lo?i. Rron" c%c "i% tr) Lau 4vK2 "i% tr) n*o cba 0 tho= m+n tr;Yn" h!p tr9nj G. 12O. M. 12Q. C. 122. D. 22P. STS KHRI A69AA:

M.1 8@: Cho 2224 "am B_t Ldt '*o 2PP ml dun" d)ch ch>a h n h!p "#m G"NO3 P21M '* Cu1NO332 P2QM. Sau khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch C '* m "am ch]t rdn t. fi% tr) cba m l* A. 22OP. M. 221M. C. 42PO. D. P2M4 STS KHRI M69AA: M.1 8:: Cho m "am B_t HI '*o OPP ml dun" d)ch h n h!p "#m Cu1NO 332 P22M '* H2SO4 P22QM. Sau khi c%c ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n2 thu 4;!c P2Mm "am h n h!p B_t kim lo?i '* D l@t kh@ NO 1L=n phkm khA duK nh]t2 m 4ktc3. fi% tr) cba m '* D lTn l;!t l* A. 1P2O '* 424O. M. 1P2O '* 2224. C. 1`2O '* 2224. D. 1`2O '* 424O STS KHRI M69AA: M.1 9A: NhUn" m_t thanh Ldt nn" 1PP "am '*o 1PP ml dun" d)ch h n h!p "#m Cu1NO 332 P22M '* G"NO3 P22M. Sau m_t thYi "ian l]K thanh kim lo?i ra2 rAa L?ch l*m kh, cvn 4;!c 1P12`2 "am 1"i= thi:t c%c kim lo?i t?o th*nh 4$u B%m h:t '*o thanh Ldt3. Kh[i l;!n" Ldt 4+ ph=n >n" l* A. 124P "am. M. 221M "am. C. P2O4 "am. D. 12`2 "am. STS KHRI M69AA: M.1 98: Ho* tan ho*n to*n 2424 "am h n h!p "#m HICl 2 '* NaCl 1c- tn l8 L[ mol t;<n" >n" l* 1 . 23 '*o m_t l;!n" n;(c 1d;32 thu 4;!c dun" d)ch C. Cho dun" d)ch G"NO 3 1d;3 '*o dun" d)ch C2 Lau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n Linh ra m "am ch]t rdn. fi% tr) cba m l* A. Q`24. M. 2O2`. C. 1P2O. D. MO22. STS KHRI M69AA: M.1 99. NhUn" m_t thanh kim lo?i R ho% tr) ~~ '*o dun" d)ch ch>a a mol CuSO 42 Lau m_t thYi "ian th]K kh[i l;!n" thanh kim lo?i "i=m P2PQa. Cn" thanh kim lo?i tr9n nhUn" '*o dun" d)ch ch>a a mol gB1NO 332 th6 kh[i l;!n" thanh kim lo?i ton" `21a. Kim lo?i R l*. G. M" X.HI C.hn E.Ni M.1 9>. Cho a "am B_t HI ph=n >n" '(i h n h!p "#m 142M "am HCl '* 2Q2M "am CuSO42 Lau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n thu 4;!c h n h!p kim lo?i c- kh[i l;!n" P2`a "am '* 0 l@t kh@ 1WKRC3. fi% tr) cba a '* C l*. G. 33.PM` '* 22.4 X. 3.3PM` '* 4.4O C. 3.3PM` '* 2224 D. 33.PM` '* 424O M.1 9=. Cho 32PO "am HI '*o 1QP ml dun" d)ch G"NO3 1M2 ldc kn cho 4:n khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n thu 4;!c m "am ch]t rdn. fi% tr) cba m l*. G. 11.OO X. 1M22 C. 1O22 E. 1`2iM M.1 9Q. Cho 1i22 "am Cu '*o 1 l@t dun" d)ch h n h!p "#m H2SO4 P21M '* KNO3 P22M thu 4;!c D l@t kh@ NO duK nh]t 1WKRC3. fi% tr) cba D l*. G. 1.12 X. 2.24 C. 4.4O E. 3.3M M.1 9;. NhUn" m_t thanh "raphit 4;!c phb m_t l(p kim lo?i ho% tr) ~~ '*o dun" d)ch CuSO 4 d;. Sau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n th]K kh[i l;!n" thanh "raphit "i=m P224 "am. Cn" thanh "raphit tr9n nhUn" '*o dun" d)ch G"NO 3 d; th6 Lau khi ph=n >n" 0=K ra ho*n to*n kh[i l;!n" thanh "raphit ton" P2Q2 "am. Kim lo?i ho% tr) ~~ 4- l*. G. gB X. Cd C. Gl E. Sn M.1 97: N"vm m_t '5t Bln" Cu c- kh[i l;!n" 1Q "am '*o 34P "am dun" d)ch G"NO 3 Ma. Sau m_t thYi "ian nh]c thanh Cu ra th]K kh[i l;!n" G"NO3 tron" dun" d)ch "i=m 2Qa. Kh[i l;!n" cba '5t Lau ph=n >n" l*. G. 3.24 "am X. 222O "am C. 1`22O "am E. 24212 "am. M.1 9@: Cho 32`O "am B_t Gl ph=n >n" 'qa 4b '(i dun" d)ch mu[i CCl3 t?o th*nh dun" d)ch t. Kh[i l;!n" ch]t tan tron" dun" d)ch t "i=m 42PM "am Lo '(i dun" d)ch C. C%c 4)nh c,n" th>c cba mu[i CCl 3. G. ~nCl3 X. faCl3 C. HICl3 E. fICl3. M.1 29: Cho 0,3 mol bt Cu va 0,6 mol Fe(N 3!2 vao "u#$ "%&h &h'(a 0,) mol *2+ , (loa-#$!. +au /h% &a(& 0ha1# '(#$ 2a13 ra hoa# toa#, thu 4'5& V l%(t /h%( N (6a1# 0h71m /h'1 "u3 #h7(t, 51 4/t&!. 8%a( tr% &u1a V la 9. :. 6,;2 B. 8,96 C. ,,,< D. =0,0< STS KHRI M69A8A