BI SON MN QUN L MNG VIN THNG.

Cu 1: phn tch cc vn trong qun l li.

D tm li: - Vd: khng m ngun c xem dy ngun c cm vo socket cha, bt ngun cha, cu ch c t k?.... - Trong PC c cc n bo hiu, li g th s mu vng, hay xanh.--> li bnh thng hay c bit. Xc nh v tr li: - Vd: hin thng bo, mu ch dn n v tr li Tm nguyn nhn gy ra li: - Vd: xi nhiu, d liu b ri rc do sao chp, virus, xa b.do dng nhiu nn b xo trn sp xp li, c th t th truy xut nhanh. Khc phc v sa cha li: Khi phc li h thng,ci li tp tin li, hay ci li ng dng . - Vd: h thng chuyn mch cu ch ca modum bi qu ti,ta chuyn port c cu ch b t qua trng thi bo dng thay cu ch sau v trng thi hot ng.
Cu 2: phn tch cc vn trong qun l bo an

C qun l bo an th qun l hiu nng mi duy tr c h thng li mi ko b qu ti Ngn nga s dng gian ln ti nguyn mng VD: PC ci password trnh s xm nhp Ch ng s nh hng ca vic s dng ti nguyn mng. vd:my tnh chia nhiu a. Sa cha v Khi phc li h thng Vd:khi ta cm USB vo my tnh sut hin tin bo qut vi rt sau dit vi rut v khi phc li USB.
Cu 3: phn tch cc vn trong qun l cu hnh

VD: C 1 mng LAN phi thit k phn cng qun l nhng tc phi nhanh. Bc 1: Ln k hoch v thit k VD: xy dng khung sn, lu ca k hoch Lm cng vic trong bao lu, cn mua g, khng cn mua g?....gi c c hp l k?- mua nhng nu c 2 ca hng bn mt hng v cht lng nh nhau, 1 bn gi cao, 1 bn gi thp la chn mua. Bc 2: Lp t mng thit k. VD: Cp mng RJ45 , v lp t My nh xem cch lp t.. Mng VT cng vy, lp t theo trnh t, ng th t cng vic. Bc 3: Cung cp li dch v cho khch hng to li nhun VD: ci t PC xong, m trnh duyt ra SD ngay: game, nhc, internet dch v, li nhun.
Cu 4: phn tch cc vn trong qun l k ton.

Vd xi mng internet trn gi th 1 thng s tr bao nhiu?...nu tnh theo lu lng th tr bnh? Xc nh phng php o, s dng ti nguyn mng ca khch hng Vd: Xc nh lu lng s dng 1M bao nhiu tin? Dng n bao nhiu M th khng tng tin na. Thu thp d liu o t p nh biu gi cc v chnh sch khuyn mi

Vd: s dung theo lu lng th 100 Gb u gi bao nhiu s dng tip th gi khc t a ra biu gi cc cho tng In phiu ccda trn s liu thu thp c v co p t gi cc trong . Vd: m qun net c phng php o theo gi, 1h gi bao nhiu, use lin tc 5h gi bao nhiu a ra biu gi cc.
Cu 5: phn tch cc vn trong qun l hiu nng

VD :b ra bao nhiu cng th thu c by nhiu. u t cho h thng bao nhiu tin n s em li by nhiu li ch. Mt h thng mng lun c chng trnh qun l hiu nng hot ng nh th no Gim st kh nng thc thi ca mng c bin php thay i kp thi VD: trong 1 ngy 24h h thng s thc hin c bao nhiu kt ni. kt ni thnh cng bao nhiu v tht bi bao nhiu Phn tch d liu thc thi c gii php ngn nga, trc h thng suy gim qua mc ngng cho php. VD: h thng s t sa cha hot ng ca n tr li bnh thng hoc ngi qun tr mng s nguy cu v tm hiu s suy gim iu chnh hiu nng. iu khin qun l hiu nng cng ngn chn s suy gim hiu nng mng v dch v. Vd: ta c 5 lung d liu trong s c lung ri v cng c lung bn qua qu trnh gim st v phn tch ngi qun l h thng s cu hnh li lu lng nh tuyn sao cho ti u nht. trong giao thng cng co gim st phn tch v qun l hiu nng nn d ng 1 chiu, 2 chiu, phn lung giao thng.
Cu 6: nm khi chc nng trong kin trc chc nng TMN

a- Chc nng phn t mng NEF (Network Element Function): L khi chc nng thng tin, nhm mc ch gim st hoc iu khin. Cung cp cc chc nng vin thng v h tr trong mng VT cn qun l b- Chc nng h iu hnh OSF (Operation System Function): Cung cp cc chc nng qun l nhm gim st phi hp v iu khin mng vin thng. Chc nng ny gm: -H tr ng dng v cu hnh,li, hot ng, tnh ton, qun l bo mt. -To CSDL h tr cu hnh,topology, iu khin, trng thi v ti nguyn mng. -H tr kh nng giao tip gia ngi v my thng qua t/b u cui. - Cung cp kh nng phn tch li v phn tch hot ng. -Khun dng d liu v bn tin h tr thng tin gia hai thc th chc nng TMN hoc gia 2 khi chc nng TMN ca thc th bn ngoi. -Phn tch v quyt nh, to kh nng cho p ng qun l. c- Chc nng trm lm vic-WSF (Work Station Function ): Cung cp chc nng cho hot ng lin kt gia ngi s dng vi OSF. c miu t nh MF gia ngi s dng v OSF, n chuyn i thng tin t ng ra OSF thnh mt khun dng c th din t cho ngi s dng v ngc li. d- Chc nng thch ng-QAF (Q Adapter Function):Cung cp s chuyn i kt ni NEF hoc OSF vi TMN, y l kh nng ct li ca TMN c th tc hp cc mng k tha ang tn ti thnh mt TMN.

e- Chc nng trung gian-MF (Mediation Function): Truyn thng tin gia OSF v NEF. N cung cp mt tp cc chc nng cng ni(Gateway) hay chuyn tip (relay).Cc chc nng ca MF: truyn ti thng tin: bin i giao thc, bn tin, tn hiu; Dch/nh x a ch; nh tuyn; Tp trung. Chc nng x l thng tin: thc hin, hin th, lu gi,lc v bin i
Cu 7: cc im tham chiu - im tham chiu q: kt ni cc chc nng OSF, MF, NEF, QAF trc tip vi nhau hoc qua DCF; trong nhm q th q3 kt ni NEF-OSF; MF-OSF;QAF- OSF; OSF-OSF; qx kt ni MF-MF; MF- NEF; MF- QAF - im tham chiu f: kt ni OSF v MF vi WSF. - im tham chiu x: kt ni OSF thuc cc TMN khc nhau hoc kt ni gia mt OSF trong mi trng TMN vi mt chc nng trong mi trng khng phi TMN. - im tham chiu g: nm ngoi TMN, khng c coi nh mt phn TMN k c khi n mang thng tin v TMN. t gia ngi dng v WSF. - im tham chiu m: nm ngoi TMN, gia QAF v cc thc th b iu hnh phi TMN hoc cc thc th b iu hnh nhng khng theo khuyn ngh TMN. Cu 8: cc thnh phn chc nng ( kin trc chc nng)
MAF (Managament Aplication Function) Chc nng ng dng qun l: dng thc thi cc dch v qun l TMN quan trng. Mi thnh phn ca MAF c th l agent hoc manager. MAF c th c gn mt tip u ng biu din vai tr ca n MF_MAF:Lu tr tm thi (Temporary Storage ),Lc (Filtering),Ngng (There Sholding),Tp trung (Connectrator),Bo an (Security) NEF_MAF: giao tip vi NF hoc OSF trong manager, duy tr MIB ca agent v qun l cc i tng hin din ca cc ti nguyn mng OSF_MAF h tr manager v agent truy nhp n thng tin i tng c qun l, s l thng tin dng th v x l thng tin t bn ngoi (t cc TMN khc). OAF_MAF: giao tip manager truyn thng tin qun l v ch dn t manager. ICF (Information Conversation Function) Phin dich thng tin c s dng trong cc h thng trung gian chuyn cc m hnh thng tin. S chuyn i c v ni dung v c php. WSF (Workstation Support Function) .Chc nng h tr trm lm vic:Truy nhp v vn hnh d liu,Yu cu v xc nhn cc hot ng,Truyn dn cc khai bo,Qun l h trWSF UISF (Message Communication Function):Chc nng truyn thng tin bn tin:thnh phn ny lin kt vi DCF truyn cc bn tin iu khin qun l (data communication function) DAF (Directory Access Function) chc nng truy nhp th mc:iu khin h thng th mc tc hin chc nng, lit k, tm kim, thm vo, thay i v xa cc hot ng ca khi chc nng. SF (Security Function) chc nng bo an:Thc hin cc chc nng bo an sau y:Xc thc (Athentication),iu khin truy nhp (Access Control),Bo mt d liu (Data Confidentiality),Ton vn d liu (Data Integrity),Khng chi t (Nonrepundation)

Mi quan h trong cc khi chc nng v cc thnh phn chc nng nh ngha cc thnh phn c yu cu bi mt khi chc nng

DSF (Directory Systems function) chc nng h thng th mc: Cung cp kh nng h thng th mc cho manager v agent tc l cu trc v cch lu tr thng tin qun l.

Cu 9: khai bo SNMP manager v SNMP agent

b1 : khai bo a ch ip cn gim st b2 : khai bo community string phi ging vi community string khai bo trn agent b3 : khai bo phin bn snmp : ging vi phin bn trn snmp trn agent b4 : khai bo chu k ly mu :do cc hm set, get, s dng c ch poll nn cn phi khai bo chu k ly thng tin ca manager B1 : cu hnh get, set trn snmp agent. M tnh nng snmp agent trn thit b cn gim s t B2 : khai bo community string B3 : khai bo phin bn snmp B4 : khai bo snmp acl B5 : khai bo location, contact, hostname (option) B1: bt tnh nng trap sender. B2: khai bo a ch ip ca trap receiver. B3: khai bo community-string ca bn tin trap. B4: khai bo version ca snmp trap. C U HNH TRAP TRN SNMP TRAP RECEIVER B1: Bt tnh nng trap receiver. B2: Khai bo dy a ch IP ca sender m trap receiver s nhn, nhng IP nm ngoi dy ny th trap receiver s khng nhn trap. Tnh nng ny l ty chn, c th nhiu trap receiver khng h tr. B3: Khai bo b lc kiu trap : y l danh sch cc kiu trap s c hin ra trn mn hnh ca trap u h nh tnh nng agent cho modem

Gim st router ADSl dlink DSL-2640t

Kt ni my tnh ca bn vo mt ADSL Router DLink DSL-520T. Login vo trang web ca modem chuyn qua tab [Advanced], chn nt [SNMP] vo trang cu hnh SNMP Management. Nhn chn checkbox [Enabled SNMP Agent], cc mc [Name], [Location] v [Contact] l ty chn. Trong phn[Community] nhp community string l public, quyn ReadOnly. Tip theo l cu hnh Trap. Nhp IP my tnh ca bn vo [Destination IP], nhp community cho bn tintrap vo [Trap Community] v chn version ca trap l SNMPv1. Cui cng nhn nt Apply. i m t u ng modem Ta c th dng phn mm SNMP Traffic Monitor gim st lu lng cho modem i m t m y ch b ng Ta c th cu hnh SNMP trn my ch, sau dng mt phn mm trung gian d gim st c tnh trng my ch ang hot ng nh am, Cpu, dung lng a cng.

Cu 10: c ch gim st Poll v Alert

Phng thc Poll Nguyn tc hot ng : Trung tm gim st manager) s thng xuyn hi thng tin ca tht b cn gim st (device). Nu Manager khng hi th Device khng tr li, nu manager hi th Device phi tr li. Bng cch tr li thng xuyn, Manager s lun cp nht c thng tin mi nht t Device. V d : Ngi qun l cn theo di khi no th lm xong vic. Anh ta c thng xuyn hi ngi th Anh lm xong cha ?, v ngi th s tr li Xong hoc Cha. Phng thc Alert Nguyn tc hot ng : Mi khi trong Device xy ra mt s kin (event) no th Device s t ng gi thng bo cho Manager, gi l Alert. Manager khng hi thng tin nh k t Device. V d : Ngi qun l cn theo di tnh hnh lm vic ca th, anh ta yu cu ngi th thng bo cho mnh khi c vn g xy ra. Ngi th s thng bo cc s kin i loi nh Tin hon thnh 50%, Mt in lc 10h, C in li lc 11h, Mi c tai nn xy ra.

Device ch gi nhng thng bo mang tnh sc kin ch ko gi nhng thng tin thng xuyn thay i nhng thng tin thng xuyn thay i, n cng s ko gi Alert nu chng c s kin g xy ra. Chng hn khi 1 port down/up th Device s gi cnh bo, cn tng s byte truyn qua port s ko dc Device gi i v l thng tin thng xuyn thay i. mun ly nhng thng tin thng xuyn thay i th Manager phi ch ng i hi Device, tc l phi thc hin phng thc Poll. Cu 11: cc hm hot ng ca SNMP

Get (thuc c ch Poll v c thuc tnh Read only): l hm ly hay gi gi tr mt bin MIB cha trong thnh phn agent VD (integer, string, a ch ca MIB khc) Trong ni dung hm get lun c gi tr l OID v tin trnh SNMP cn c vo OID thc thi y/c nhng bn tin . D nhin hm get c gi t manager n agent, c th c nhiu OID nn ta ch gi 1 ln c th thc thi nhiu nhim v khc. Getnext (thuc c ch Poll) Gi a ch ca bin MIB tip theo tc l trong kin trc ca MIB cc di tng c lit k th t nhng khng lin tc tng i tng ca 1 device c lit k ra ht nhng cc OID th khng lin tc. Do mun ly gi tr ca bin tip theo m khng bit OID ca n khng th dng hm Get c m phi dng Getnext. Getnext ly c ht cc gi tr ca i tng. Hm ny tng t hm get ch cng cha OID, cng manager qun l, nhng khc l ly gi tr ca bin tip theo. Vd : object ang xt c IP: 1.3.5.2 Trong hm get ly Object x c /c : 1.3.5.2

Mun ly gi tr k bn Object x nu dng hm get th khng bit c MIB => dung hm getnext : nhp 1.3.5.2 s bit c IP k tip y. - Dng getnext s ly ht cc gi tr k tip xoay vng, cn hm get th khng th v gi tr ca hm get khng lin tc. Set (khng thuc c ch no c v n ch hm ci t, khng phi gi m t, nhng c thuc tnh READ WRITE) : thay i gi tr ca bin MIB Vd: thay i cu cho trong my t, PC qun l router, mun yu cu router tt 1 port trong 4 port internet; tn ca object l port, s tra trong PC. OID l g? : 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 Object l g? : = port, tn object = port. Gi tr ca object l gi?: vd: port ang active chuyn sang stand by =>gi tr n thay i. Trap (thuc c ch Alert) : l 1 khai bo khng mong mun gi t agent n ng dng qun l (khai bo l 1 li) Vd: 1 khi thu bao b h s gi thng bo ti my tnh. so snh get v getnext : Get v getnext c bn ging nhau ch c ch khc nhau l: -Get ly gi tr ca i tng c OID cha trong bn tin c cha trong hm Get. -Getnext se ly gi tr ca i tng c OID tip theo OID m c nhp trong hm getnext

Cu 12: OID, object, object access object value, object name

object ID Mt thit b h tr SNMP c th cung cp nhiu thng tin khc nhau, mi thng tin gi l mt object. V d : + My tnh c th cung cp cc thng tin : tng s cng, tng s port ni mng, tng s byte truyn/nhn, tn my tnh, tn cc process ang chy, . + Router c th cung cp cc thng tin : tng s card, tng s port, tng s byte truyn/nhn, tn router, tnh trng cc port ca router, . Object name Mi 1 i tng u phi c tn xng h, truy cp trong phin qun l. + tn ca thit b: object name l : sysname + tng port giao tip + a ch Mac + trng thi port + tng s byte xut + tng s byte nhp ifNumber ifPhysAddress ifAdminstatus ifOutOctects ifInOctects

Mi object c mt tn gi v mt m s nhn dng object , m s gi l Object ID (OID). VD : + Tn thit b c gi l sysName, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 4. + Tng s port giao tip (interface) c gi l ifNumber, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.1. + a ch Mac Address ca mt port c gi l ifPhysAddress, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6. + S byte nhn trn mt port c gi l ifInOctets, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10. + ifOutoctects, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.1.0.6 + ifAdminstatus, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7 Mt object ch c mt OID, chng hn tn ca thit b l mt object. Object value + Tn thit b c gi l sysName, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5; nu thit b c 2 tn th chng s c gi

l sysName.0 & sysName.1 v c OID ln lt l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 & 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.1. + a ch Mac address c gi l ifPhysAddress, OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6; nu thit b c 2 mac address th chng s c gi l ifPhysAddress.0 & ifPhysAddress.1 v c OID l n lt l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6.0 & 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6.1. + Tng s port c gi l ifNumber, gi tr ny ch c 1 (duy nht) nn OID ca n khng c phn cp con v vn l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.1. + ifAdminstatus: interger + ifOutOctects v ifInOctects: c php. hu ht cc thit b, cc object c th c nhiu gi tr th thng c vit di dng c sub-id. VD mt thit b d ch c 1 tn th n vn phi c OID l sysName.0 hay 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0. B n cn nh quy tc ny ng dng trong lp trnh phn mm SNMP manager. Sub-id khng nht thit phi lin tc hay bt u t 0. VD mt thit b c 2 mac address th c th chng c gi l ifPhysAddress.23 v ifPhysAddress.125645. OID ca cc object ph bin c th c chun ha, OID ca cc object do bn to ra th bn phi t m t chng. ly mt thng tin c OID chun ha th SNMP application phi gi mt bn tin SNMP c cha OID ca object cho SNMP agent, SNMP agent khi nhn c th n phi tr li bng thng tin ng vi OID . VD : Mun ly tn ca mt PC chy Windows, tn ca mt PC chy Linux hoc tn ca mt router th SNMP application ch cn gi bn tin c cha OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0. Khi SNMP agent chy trn PC Windows, PC Linux hay router nhn c bn tin c cha OID 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0, agent lp tc hiu rng y l bn tin hi sysName.0, v agent s tr li bng tn ca h thng. Nu SNMP agent nhn c mt OID m n khng hiu (khng h tr) th n s khng tr li. Mt trong cc u im ca SNMP l n c thit k chy c lp vi cc thit b khc nhau. Chnh nh vic chun ha OID m ta c th dng mt SNMP application ly thng tin cc loi device ca cc hng khc nhau. Object access Mi object c quyn truy cp l READ_ONLY hoc READ_WRITE. Mi object u c th c c nhng

ch nhng object c quyn READ_WRITE mi c th thay i c gi tr. VD : Tn ca mt thit b (sysName) l READ_WRITE, ta c th thay i tn ca thit b thng qua giao thc SNMP. Tng s port ca thit b (ifNumber) l EAD_ONLY, d nhin ta khng th thay i s port ca n.

Cu 13: MIB
MIB (c s thng tin qun l) l mt cu trc d liu gm cc i tng c qun l (managed object), c dng cho vic qun l cc thit b chy trn nn TCP/IP. MIB l kin trc chung m cc giao thc qun l trn TCP/IP nn tun theo, trong c SNMP. MIB c th hin thnh 1 file (MIB file), v c th biu din thnh 1 cy (MIB tree). MIB c th c chun ha hoc t to. Cc objectID trong MIB c sp xp th t nhng khng phi l lin tc, khi bit mt OID th khng chc chn c th xc nh c OID tip theo trong MIB. VD trong chun mib-2 th object ifSpecific v object atIfIndex nm k nhau nhng OID ln lt l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.22 v 1.3.6.1.2.1.3.1.1.1. Mun hiu c mt OID no th bn cn c file MIB m t OID . Mt MIB file khng nht thit phi cha ton b cy MIB m c th ch cha m t cho mt nhnh con. Bt c nhnh con no v tt c l ca n u c th gi l mt mib. Mt manager c th qun l c mt device ch khi ng dng SNMP manager v ng dng SNMP agent cng h tr mt MIB. Cc ng dng ny cng c th h tr cng lc nhiu MIB.

Cu 14: cc c ch bo mt ca SNMP

Cc c ch bo mt gm c : community string, view v SNMP access control list. Community string Community string l mt chui k t c ci t ging nhau trn c SNMP manager v SNMP agent, ng vai tr nh mt khu gia 2 bn khi trao i d liu. Community string c 3 loi : Read-community, Write-Community v Trap-Community. Khi manager gi Get equest, GetNext equest n agent th trong bn tin gi i c cha Read- Community. Khi agent nhn c bn tin request th n s so snh eadcommunity do manager gi v ead-community m n c ci t. Nu 2 chui ny ging nhau, agent s tr li; nu 2 chui ny khc nhau, agent s khng tr li. Write-Community c dng trong bn tin Set equest. Agent ch chp nhn thay i d liu khi write- community 2 bn ging nhau. Trap-community nm trong bn tin trap ca trap sender gi cho trap receiver. Trap receiver ch nhn v lu tr bn tin trap ch khi trap-community 2 bn ging nhau, tuy nhin cng c nhiu trap receiver c cu hnh nhn tt c bn tin trap m khng quan tm n trap-community. Community string c 3 loi nh trn nhng cng mt loi c th c nhiu string khc nhau. Ngha l mt agent c th khai bo nhiu read-community, nhiu write-community.

Trn hu ht h thng, read-community mc nh l public, write-community mc nh l private v trap-community mc nh l public. Community string ch l chui k t dng cleartext, do hon ton c th b nghe ln khi truyn trn mng. Hn na, cc community mc nh thng l public v private nn nu ngi qun tr khng thay i th chng c th d dng b d ra. Khi community string trong mng b l, mt ngi dng bnh thng ti mt my tnh no trong mng c th qun l/gim st ton b cc device c cng community m khng c s cho php ca ngi qun tr. View Khi manager c read-community th n c th c ton b OID ca agent. Tuy nhin agent c th quy nh ch cho php c mt s OID c lin quan nhau, tc l ch c c mt phn ca MIB. Tp con ca MIB ny gi l view, trn agent c th nh ngha nhiu view. V d : agent c th nh ngha view interfaceView bao gm cc OID lin quan n interface, storageView bao gm cc OID lin quan n lu tr, hay AllView bao gm tt c cc OID. Mt view phi gn lin vi mt community string. Ty vo community string nhn c l g m agent x l trn view tng ng. V d : agent nh ngha read-community inf trn view interfaceView, v sto trn storageView; khi manager gi request ly OID ifNumber vi community l inf th s c p ng do ifNumber nm trong interfaceView; nu manager request OID hrStorageSize vi community inf th agent s khng tr li do hrStorageSize khng nm trong interfaceView; nhng nu manager r equest hrStorageSize vi community sto th s c tr li do hrStorageSize nm trong storageView. Vic nh ngha cc view nh th no ty thuc vo tng SNMP agent khc nhau. C nhiu h thng khng h tr tnh nng view. SNMP access control list Khi manager gi khng ng community hoc khi OID cn ly li khng nm trong view cho php th agent s khng tr li. Tuy nhin khi community b l th mt manager no vn request c thng tin. ngn chn hon ton cc SNMP manager khng c php, ngi qun tr c th dng n SNMP access control list (ACL). SNMP ACL l mt danh sch cc a ch IP c php qun l/gim st agent, n ch p dng ring cho giao thc SNMP v c ci trn agent. Nu mt manager c IP khng c php trong ACL gi request th agent s khng x l, d request c community string l ng. a s cc thit b tng thch SNMP u cho php thit lp SNMP ACL.

Cu 15: gim st h thng bng PRTG

Sau khi ci t PRTG Network Monitor, ta vo phn mm qua giao din web, ng nhp bng account v password mc nh prtgadmin, chuyn qua tab [Device] v nhn link[+Add Device]. Nhp tn my ch cn gim st vo [Device name], nhp IP ca my ch vo [IpAddress/DNS name], chn Automatic device identification (standard, recommended) PRTG t ng d tm thit b SNMP ang c to l g. Nhn nt Continue, PRTG s bt u tin trnh d tm.

Cu 16: gim st my ch bng solarwinds

Cu 17: ly thng tin i tng bng Ireasoning MIB

Sau khi ci t v khi ng giao din s hin ra Ly thng tin bng Get/GetNetRequest dng MIB browser + u tin ta phi khai bo y tnh nng SNMP agent trn C2950. K tip trn iReasoning MIB browser ta khai bo nh sau: nhp IP ca switch vo [Address]; nhn nt [Advanced], nhp cc thng tin Read/Write Community (mc nh l public/private), chn version SNMP l 1 (cc version khc chng ta s thc hin sau), nhn [OK]. Sau , m cy RFC1213.system, chn object sysDescr; bn phi mn hnh chn Operation l GET v nhn nt [Go], MIB Browser s gi bn tin GetRequest c OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0.(sysDescr.0) n thit b, thit b gi li bn tin GetResponse v phn mm hin th thng tin tr li ln mn hnh Khi click vo object sysDescr ta s thy cc thng tin nh ngha v object ny hin th panel pha di nh Name, OID, MIB, Syntax, Access, Status. Phn mm MIB Browser bit c cc thng tin ny chnh l nh vo RFC1213, mib file ny c lu ng dn ci t chng trnh . . \ireasoning\mibbrowser\mibs\rfc1213. Kt qu tr li cho sysDescr l Cisco internetwork Operating System Software . . . kiu l OcterString. Tip theo ta chn Operation l GetNext, phng thc GetNext ly v thng tin ca object k tip. lc ny phn mm s gi bn tin GetNextRequest c OID vn l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.2.0(sysDescr.0) nhng thit b s gi bn tin tr li GetResponse c OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.2.0(sysObjectID.0), v sysObjectID l object k tip sysDescr trong mib-2