" " Heb 86527

' :

, "
_________

' - ' -


,
' - ,
,'
, .
,' - " ,' - ,
' ' - ,
,' - ,
, ,' - ,' ,
' - " -- " ,
.
" ,
,
, ,
. ' ,
; ' , ; "
, "" ;
:"
, , ' , , ,
, ; ,
,
; " ,
,
; ' , ; " ,
.

, ,' ,
.
,
, ,
, , - ,

 , , .
, " ,
.
, , . -
, , ,
, ,- ,
.

- , " .
" " - .
.

-" "

12
14

24

:
.I

24

26

30

30

31

32

34

34

35

.II

40
48

"

48

51

51

56

59

64

"

65

.III

69

 "

69
73

73

73

74

74

.IV

75
96

96

98

98

100

101

103

.V

104

.VI

111

115

"

115

"

118

118

130

139

140

. /

148

158
161
161

:Un tour de force

"

168

175

181

183

185

187

188

190

191

196

198

205

207

284
286

:
:

11

14

28

32

39

44

45

46

48

95

97

"

98

:
103

104

113

:
124

"
:

127

:

-

213

217

21

143

147

 : .
,

, - .

:
, -
" . , "
. ,
, , -"
-" . ,
.

,
-" .
, ,
, -' ,
-' - ,
) .(Reconquista ,
) (Convivencia .
2, .
, 711
,756 -".

)3(Mozarabs

)4(Muwalladun

-' , - ,
- .
, ,
1- , .1 ,
2 : ,; ,; ,; , ;
, ; , ; , ; - ,".45-25 ,
3 . , ;111-107 ,
,.34 ,
4 ,
, ;112-111 , ,.35-34 ,
.

 . 1031 ,-
,- ) ,(Taifas .
- ,
. , ,
,

5.

,
,
- .
- ) (Navarra ) (Catalonia- .
- ,713
.781 ,
) ,(Charlemagne , .
- , " " ) Spanish
,(Marsh , ,
, , .
914 ,986-
, . , ,
,

6.

-"
.

.
- - .1035
- ,
,
-" . ,
, 1085

5 , ;162-137 ,132-91 , , ;4-3 , ,; ,

.17-14 , , ;199 ,- ," , .22 ,1
6 , ;203 ,107-106 , ,.31 ,

 . ,
,
7. -"
,
, ) .(Ramon Bereguer I

8.

) (Almoravid ,
.1086 .
, -
) ,(Rodrigo Daz de Vivar - ) .(El Cid
, ,1102 ,
-

9.

-" , 1118
- ,
. -
, , ,

.

-"10.

,
) ,(Douce , .1112

. ) ,(Roussillon
) ,(Montpellier ) ,(Languedoc

-11.

1137

7 , ;207-204 ,190-163 ,136-134 , ,.40-37 ,

8 , ;195 , , .3 ,
9 ,.214-207 ,200-195 ,
10 , ;408-407 ,343-332 , , ; , ;38-37 , ,
;336-345 ,248-244 ,- ,".38-37 ,
11 ,.363-362 ,215- 219 ,

 ,
, "

"12.

-" - ,
.
) ,(Almohad , .
-
. ,
, ,
13.

.
" -" ) - (mudjares
. ,

. -
-" , -"
) .(1284-1252 Alfonso X el Sabio -

14.

-" ,
) (Pope Innocent III ,
,
-" .-
,1179 ,
) ,(1276-1213 Jaime I ,

15.

. , ,1492

12 , ;226-222 , ,.40 ,
13 , ;56-55 ,52-51 , , ;167-166 , , ;44-43 ,-
," ;35-34 , , .5 ,
, , ' ;172-103 , , .21-19 ,
, ".
14 , ;306-305 , , ;52-51 ,46-45 , ,; ,;115 ,
, ;207-206 ,- ,".33-32 ,
15 , ;349-345 ,249-245, , ;45-44 , , .37-36 ,
, , .

16.

. "" --
)Castro

17.(Amrico

, '

) (Claudio Snchez Albornoz , -

. ) (Thomas Glick
,
. , , , , ,
,

18.

' ) (Jerrilynn Dodds , -"

,

19.

, - ,
20.

,
-'-' .
, , ,
- .

-"21.

-",
,
. ,
, -

16 ,.79-75 ,45-44 ,
17 , ;47-46 , , ;16-13 ,- ,".39-38 ,
18 , ;159-157 ,- ,".41-40 ,
19 , ;127-126 , , ;31,'- ,.97-96 ,92-91 ,

20 , ;243-251 ,- ,".40 ,
21 , ;5-4 , , ;39 , , ;45-27 ,6-3 , ,
.23 ,

 .
-" , ' )
.(1043 " )'
,(1103-1013 , , '
, .
- ' ,

-22.

, , , ",
' ,"

"23,

24.

.
.
-" ,
-"
.
, , , .

25

-" , ,
, , ,

26.

-"
;
, ,

-27.

-"
,- .
22 , ;5-4 ,- ," ;155-154 ,149 , , .41-40 ,
23 , " ,
" .
24 , ;67 , , .301-299 ,
25- , ,-; - , ;231 ,229 , , ,121 ,
.126 ' ,- .49-48
26 , ;116-114 ,- ,".156 ,
27- , .261 ,253 ,

 ,
" .
, .

28

, ,
,1306
" )' ,1310-1235 ,
(

29.

-" -"

) (1340-1255' ) 1340-1283( "
.

30

) (Cerdagne,

31.

' ' , ,
,
""

32.

, ,

33.

34.

,
. ,
"" ) .(Call -" -"
.
, , , .

"" , . 28 ," ;40-37 ,29 , , ;228-227 , , ;301 , ,;118-117 ,
, .146 ,
29 , ;309 ,303-301 , , .234-233 , " " , ' ,.
30 , .110-104 ,92 ,85-79 ,72-70 ,
31 , .190 , -"
, 1275-1348
, .
32 ,.
33- , ,17 , ;32 , .326 ,
34 '.

 ,
.
, .

35.

,
-" ,
. -" ,
,
.
, ,
, . ,
, ,
.
, .

36.

) (Mendicant , ,
.

37

) (1311-1276
.
,
,

38.

-" ,
. ,
. ,
, ,1348
35 , ;58-49 , , ;210-199 ,196-172 ,128 ,75-69 , ,
.25-16 ,
36 , ;73-72 ,46-41 , , ; ,; , ;38-19 ,11-10 ,
, ;71 , , .95-90 ,
37 , ;82-76 ,49 , , ;75-74 ,55 , ,;243-242 ,156-131 ,76 ,
, , ' ;100-94 , , ;89-87 ,- , -109 ,91-90 ,
.108
38 , ;47-46 , , ;48-38 ,18-16 , , .240-239 ,172 ,

 ) .(1350-1348 )(1387-1336 Pedro IV

,
1348-1347- ,
. -

39.

" ,1391 ,
,
,

40.

-" -"

. ,
,
. , ,
, , , ,
.

. ,
,

41,

.
,

42.

, " ,-

"

43.

- ,
, -" . ,

- . ,
39 , ;419-414 , , ;54-52 , , ;49-46 , , ,
;63-58 , ;357 ,345 ,- , .109 ,
40 , ;78-76 ,- , .180-179 ,
41 , ;239-237 ,139 , , ;262-261 , , ;71-70 , ,
;177-176 , , .173-162 ,
42 , ;207-206 , , ;258 , , .191-184 ,
43 , ;238-237 , , ;41-40 , , ;69-64 ,59-58 ,
, ;159-157 , , ;7-5 , ;108-107 ,- , -220 ,
;213 , .297 ,

 -" . ,
-
""

44.

" " . ""

,
, . ,
,

45.

-"-" " )'

, 1195 1270 --( ," ," )'
,1380-1320 ,( " )' ,
1326' .(1408 , ,

46.

-" , ," ,
, ."
,
. -
" .

47.

,' ,

48.

"
1232 " , ,
1263 ) .(Paul Cristiani
, ,
" , .

44 , ;131-128 ,87-82 , , ;96-141 ,- , ,118-115 ,

.211-210
45 , ;240-237 ,96-95 , , .141 ,
46 , .139 ,
47 ," ;20-11 , , ;309-308 , ,".44 ,
48 , ;29-27 , ," ;542-538 , , ;196-193 , ,".18 ,

10

 , , ,
.
- " ,
, ,

49.

,
,
. ,
" , , , ,
"50.

"

51,

" , , ' ) ,(1263-1200

."
.

52

, "
. " ,

" ) (Raymond Martini

) .(Pugio Fidei "
, ,
."
. ,
" , ,
,
, ' " ,

49 " , , : " , ' ,-.

50- , ;44 ,42-41 ,37-35 ,24 ,- , ;207-205 ,213 , ,;159-158 ,
, ;91-89 ,81-78 , , ;163-131 ,76 , , ;114-98 ,- , ;5-4 ,
, ;54-50 , , ;77-75 ,- , ,170-164 ,156-155 ,109 ,
.223-220
51" .
52 " " " , , .

11

 .1305 , " ,
.

53

-"
- ,

54.

, , ,
.
" ," .

55

-"

, -"
, " , ,
. ,
" , " ,1380
"
.

"56.

57

" ) (1391 ' ,
. " " ,
. )'( ,

,

58.

53 : , ;286-275 ,21-9 , , ,307-305 ,303 ,171-168 ,

;314-309 , ;178-171 , , Adret, Slolomon ben
,Abraham .423-421 ,1
: , ;20-19 ,17 , , ;158-137 ,
, ;163-156 , , ; , .282 ,
: , ;34 ,29-27 , ," ;571 , ,
, ,; , , , ,; , ;25-21 , , ",
.144-143
: , , ,16; ,
;24 ,21 , ,".321 ,
: ,-; ,
23 , ;57 , ".152-145 ,
" '.
54 , .74-40 ,
55 .48
56" " , .
57 , ;37-35 , , .66-63 ,
58 , .287 ,
' , ;326 ,- ,17 ,
.32

12

 1479 ,
,
,
.1481 ,
1492 ,

59.

60

, ,1511-1510 ,
, ,
.1541 ' ,
-" ".

61

, , ,
-".

62

, ,
'.

63

59 , ;79-75 ,45-44 , , ;80 , , .38-15 ,

60 , ;231-226 , , .471 ,
61 , ;472-471 , , ;547-546 , , ;428 , , ,
;543 , ;471 ,464 ,460 , , 170 , .5
62 -" . , . ,
.461-460 ,
63 , ;462-460 , , ;543 , , ,
;195-194- , .323-322 ,

13

 : .
,
1.
" ,
-' . , , ,
) 2. (3-1
,
,
.
, ,
, 3.
- : ,
, .

. , ,
, .
,
4.
,
.
5. ,
, ,
6.
1 , ;20-18 , , .137-136 ,
2 " " .
: .
3 : ,- ; , ; ,; ,; , ;
; ,; , ; ,; , ; ,
; , ; , ; , ; ,
; ,; ,; ,; ,- '; - ,; -
, ; - , ; ,; , ; ;
,; - ,"; - , .
4 .
5 ,.
6 . ,;12 ,
.51 , ,
. ,

14

 ,
7.
, ,
8. ,
, ,
,
. .
,

"9.

" " ,- - , ,
-'-' ,
10.

- -',

11.

-12,

-13.

,
" ,

-' . :,
;25 ,- , ;231 ,- ," ;156 , ,.6 ,
7 ""
. , ;136 ,133-132 ,120 , ,- ;204 ,199 , , ; ,,
;60 ,; - ,".134-132 ,116-114 ,97-92 ,85-84 ,65-63 ,58-51 ,
8 ,
"-"
. , .
9 , ".
, , " ,
, , "
. , , -
' , . ,
: ,- ;71-66 , ,
, .
.5-3 ,
-
10 , ;40 , , .181-179 ,172-170 ,
, : , , ,.
11 , ;121 ,110 , , ;32-19 , , .174-173 ,
- .
12 " " , , "" ,
" . .
13 .

15

 . ,
,
" . ,
,
, . ,
, ,
"

15.

-14.

) 4-(

" ,
, ,
.
II B 17 ,929 .
, ,
-' .
,

16.

. ,
.
,
, " , , ,
.
,

17.

14 , ;137 , , ;41 , ,.491 ,

 ) 4 4 ( , " "
. " " , -
. "" , , , "
. " ' ',
.
16 -' -' .
- .
,
, 247-285"
. ' -"-" ,
, , ,

. , ;130 , , ;40 , ,.43 ,
17 , ;40 , , ;14 , , 51 ,

16

 ) - (Carmina Figurata
18.

, ,

) . (5 -
,
.
) (Aratus ' "
, ) (Porfyrius -' ,
) (Venantius Fortunatus -' .
, ,
) (Hrabanus Maurus

-'19.

, ,
-
) . (6 ,
:
, ,
. , ,
,
, .
) (7 ,3 ,1
,
""
. ,
,
, , ,
.
, , ,
.

18 , ;250 , ,; , ;52-51 , ,;13 ,

,.14 ,
19 , ;5 , , .14 , , .2 ,

17

 , "
. ) (interlace
,
, , ,
.

20.

, .
,
-" .
,

21.

, ,
""

"22.

-
- , , /
,23 ) . (9-7
,
,

25.

24.

) (10 ,3-2

26.

, ,

)27(mihrab

, ,

20 ;6-5 , , ;53 , ,;24-25 ,

21 , 18-14 ,
22 " , , "-" .
, , , , ,
. " ,
. : , ,186-184 , ;200 ,114 , ;18 , ,
;172 , , ;319 , , ;69 ,29 , , ;432 ,426 ,
, .432-431 ,
23 - .
24 ;6-5 , , ;43 , , ;55-54 , , ;51 ,45 ,36 ,
;53-48, ,; , .3-1 ,
25 , .14-10 ,
26 " , ;51 ,
- ,".90 ,62-61 ,58-46 ,
27 . ,.626 ,

18

28.

, ,

29.

) 12-11-(

30.

, .
,
) ,(suras ,

31.

'-' -
-") . 13-( ,
-' , , ,
,

32.

, ,
.
, ,
, " ,
."

331021-1022

.
" , .

28
. , .119 ,
29 '.
30 .90 ,
31 "" . , ;120 ,- ,";90 ,51 ,47-46 ,
, .188 ,
32 " " ) -( -'-'
-' . ,
" ,

) .(1298-1247 , 85-84 , .103-102 ,
-" .1641
. , 67 , .37
33 ,II B 1548 12

19

 ,
. , , ,
,

34.

) (14

" 14 ,1239
)(Rouen

35.

- .

,
36.

71 , 72

) . (15
":"-" , "
" " '.
.
,20 1300 ,

37.

) (16 170 ,

' ":"-" , ,
, . ,
,
.
, .
,24 -"
, ) . (17
3738/ . ,
37 ,
. 38
, .
,

34 , ;430-426 , , .437-436 ,
35 ' 9 - "" .1233
. ,.31-21 ,5 ,
36 , .12-11,
37 ,-; - ,".117-92 ,

20

 . . , " ".
, , ,

-38.

,
" ,
. " ,
" ) . 18-( . ,

39.

, , ,
,

40.

.
, .

, ,
) ,II B 19a ,(19
, ,
) . (20 ,

41.

-
" .1524-1525 , ,
,
,

42.

38 , .57-56 ,
39 , ;73-71 , ,.
40 ,.20 ,
41 " -",
-" . ,-.73 ,52 ,
42 , . ,
, 7.

21

43.

, ,
, ,

44.

" - ,
, " ,
" " .
" " .
,
- ,

45.

,
" " .
, , "" ).(drolleries
) (Lilian Randall ) Michael
,(Camille
46.

) (Mary Caruthers

) (Ad Herennium-
.
47.

) (memoria

48.

, . ,
, ,
,

43- , ;234-231 , ,-.71-66 ,

44
.
45 '.
46 ,; ,.
47 . ,
, , - - . ,,230-221 ,
.248 ,245
48 ,260-259 ,3-1 ,

22

 , ,

49.

.
,
, ,
- - , ,
,
. , , -

50.

) (David Stern
,
" " ':".



,
" . - " ,

52.

,
, .

,
.

.

49 , , 7 .242-258 ,230-221
50 , - ;28 , ,.18 ,13 ,
51 , .195-189 ,
52 , .199-195 ,

23

 :
" " ,
1.
, .
, ,
, , ,
, , ,'
)"( , ,
' )"( 2. 154 .
157 X 198-" .
,
,
.
" . 3.
, ,
" " )
"( , .
" ) Initial word
,(panels

4.

,
5.

6.

-"

1 .Heb 86527 ' ,.37 ,
, .
' : ' : .
2 -"-".
3 " , -" .
, .
4 1547 ,.
5 139 140142 ,143/ .
, 70,
7374/.
6 : 683 ,86 ,101 ,133 ,138 ,.

24

 -" , " 7.
, .
, , ,
.
, .
,
-" --" , -" 8.
" -" -" . "

-" -" .
" ,1280
. " -" ,
, , "

-"9.

" .
-" ,
,
,
- , -" .
10.

" ,- , -".

11

" -
.
, " " ,

'12.

7 - : , .110-104
8 ,.19 ,
9 ;67-60 , , "" 0006479 ;0006480 ,.74 ,
10 , ;139 , , ; B167
. , ,136 , "
-" , .
11 ,
" . , ;1075 , ,.22-21 ,
12 ' ' : .

25

 .I

" 154 .
157 X 198-"

13.

, .
,

15

14

, .

, .

16

17.

:
][1
][2
][3
][4
][5
][6
][7

III
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV

) (6-1
) (14-7
) (22-15
) (30-23
) (38-31
) (46-39
) (54-47

]) IV [8 (62-55
]) IV [9 (70-63
]) IV [10 (78-71
]) IV [11 (86-79
]) IV [12 (94-87
]) IV [13 (102-95
]) IV [14 (110-103

]) IV [15 (118-111
]) IV [16 (126-119
]) IV [17 (134-127
]) IV [18 (142-135
]) IV [19 (150-143
]) II [20 (154-151

,
, , ,
.
, . " , 154 ,
, .
," ,

18.

13 " , .
. 162-155 .
14 , .
. 1275 ,
) .(Vatican, Rossiana 601 - ,.49 ,46 ,44-43 ,
15 -
.
16 1213/ .
. - ,.26 ,
17 , . , " ",
. - ;41 , 81 ,
18 154 ,
, " , " , " "
".

26

 ,
" . 1 6- ,
7 14- .
. , , ,
34/ . ,
. ,
19.

"
47 ,
2526/) . (22-21 47
] ,[7 2526/ ,
] .[4 -
- " .
:
, , , , 20,
, .
" , , 170 X 230" .
" ,
-" ,

21.

,
, .
" .
.
. ,
22, ,
, .

19 ' , .258-252
20- , 228 , 32 .
21 5-3 -" . ' ,.95-94 ,
. , ,
-" . ,
, . ,.203-197 ,
22 , .46 ,

27

23

15 141 ,

, . "
)15( "
- 142 , . ,,
,
, .

38 , ") . (23
, "
"

" : / "

" " ' . ,

, , " "
" ".

24

.
,
.

. , ,
, .
, ,
,
,
. ,
, ,
- " .

25

23 ' , , 207.
24 ,
.
25 ', 175-174 ' ' :
, 38.

28

 , .
, "".
47 " " . ,
, , .
,
.
, .
,

26.

27

, ,

,
. ,
142 . 38 ,
,
, . ,
,
.
142 -
,
. , ,
,
. ,
, " , 154 ,
154 . ",
, .
,
".

28

26 , .
27 .
28- , ;16-14 ,- , .

29

 23 , ,
" . , .
" ) . 24(
, 39 , ,
") . 24( , ,
" ,

29

.
.
" ,
.
, ,
.

30

, "
.

. ,
29 . , ,
, , - .
" . - ,,61-60 ,
.65-64
.
30 ,
. " )" (1527
" ,
. ,
, 15
15 , " .
" , 47,
. ,
)' ( " ,
. )' ( "
, 15 .
, ,
, . , , ,
. , .
,
. 1459 ,- . :-,
.16-14 , " ,
,
, -" .
.

30

 . ,
" , ,
.

31

, . ,

. ,
, .

, ."
,1+1 .
109-104 22-21 .
.
,2 + 19 + 1 , , .86-83 ,39
,-
32.
, , ,
. , 7 .11-
,
.
,
.

33

" ,
,
.

34

, , ,
.
, "
, .

31- , ;85 ,70 ,- , 216 ,

32 "" .
33 ' ' : : '.
" 34 " ,
.

31


"
.
, ,
.

35

-" ,

-.

36

, -
, ,1085
-".

37

, ,
"
. .

38

, , , ,
. ] [13 , ,98-97 ] [15
, .118-117
,
. , ,
,
, , .

39

" ,
. ] ,[4
30-23 , ] ,[20 .154-151
: " - ,
. ,
.

35 ' ' : : .8 ,
36- , ;76-75 ,- , 217 ,
37- , 29-28 ,
38 , , ] .[10 ,4 ] [10 78-77 ,1
5 78 ].[13
39- , 218 ,

32

- .

40

" 89 X 123-" , 0.7- .

41

" ,
. .
" ,
.

42

, , "

" ,
"-"
, "
1276/7 ,1475 . ,
.
, , .
, ""
. ,1923 ,
.

43

.1738 .
, ,3 +17 +2 '-"
.

44

" . "
. ,"
, .

45

.
, ,
.86-85
40 - "-".
397 1384 ) (Murcia ,
, ' . 348 ) (Huesca 1393 -
. , .
. .506-1 ,
41 .
42 ' : .
43 276-275 ,
44 279-278 ,
45 " .

33

 " .
, ,
39 ,
, .
" ,
. .

46

,
.
, .
,
.

47

, ,
, .

48

,
" .
,
, " .
, , .
, ".

,
.
97 .
97 , ," ,
. ) (2+2+2
, . 30.

46 , .75 ,72 ,15 , , 96 , .43

47 , .
48 , .

34

) (25 ,

, , "
, .

49

38 ,
, .

50,

" ",

, ,
, " "
.
, 38

51.

, ,
, ,
.
. ,
.
.
, ,
,
) . (26

,
.
. ,
.
, .

49 , .74-73 ,
' , .148-140 ,
50 .28
51 , .29-27

35

 34/ 45/ .
,
) . (29-27 ) (image 3
. ,
2 ,
3 . ,

52.

, 92-87 X 124-110

"53.

34/,
45/) . (29-28 ,
. , ,
, , ,
.
,

.

54

23 , 5 .
1 , , 4
6 . ,
, .
,
, ,
.

55

, , .

,
, .
. , ,
. , , .

52 : , .85 ,
53 ' ' : : .9 ,
1 5- , .
54 , .
55 ' ' : : .13-11 ,

36

 4 5-
, ,
. .
, ,

. ,
, ,
, .

.
89-87 X 119-117" ,

56.

,
, ,
. .
,

57.

14 , 7

58.

, .
, 11-10
. 9 ,
65-62 X 92-" . , 10 ,
,
10 . 9 .

59

11
11 , . 12
, 68-67 X 98-96-" .

56 . '
' : : .9 ,
57 .
58 ' ' : : .13-11 ,
59 .

37

 " .

60

"

- ,
) . (30 ,13 " ,
,12 13
, .

61

) (31
8 50 X 81" , 7 62 X 71".
,
,
. 7
.

62

) (32
, ,
,
.
78/ . 9 .
11-10 .
1314/ .

63

12 ,

64

,9 , ,
, , ,.
7
. ,
. , ,
,
60 , 120 x 91" .
,
. . ' ' ::
. 1112/ , 1 5- , .
' , .224-223
61 13 . :
.
62 10 , ' ,
120 , 122 ,22 .24 , .
63 11 .
, " .
64 ,
.

38

 ,
. ,
,
) . 32 (

,
65. , "
, ,
.

66

67

, 7.

, ,
,
. ,
.
,
. -- ,
,
, .

68

,
.

69

, , ,
. ,
9 , , ,

65 " . "

,
,
" .
.
, , . ,
14 , .
.
66 ' , , .
67 10 , , .
,14 , 10
,
.
;114 , ,.71-70 ,
68 ".
69 '.175-168 ,

39

70

-" , . ,
, ,

.

71

, 7 ,

, , ,
.
,
.
,
.
, .

.
, ,
,
72.

11

, . 11
,
"" . 12 " -"
"" ) ':'( " "" )
":"( . , ) .
33-(

,
. ,

70 ' , .119-118 , , .
71- ,.85 ,72-73 ,
72 ' , .

40

 .
, , ,
, .
,
. , ,
, ;
.

73

, -

:
"
- ".

74

, - ,
.
.
" .

75

.
, .

76

) (34 280-

" , 212- 159

. " ,

. .
, .
.
. ,
,
.
28 " " .
. "
73- , ;103-102 ,89-87 ,- , ;92-79 ,- , ,
;224-220- , ;48-32 , , .103-98 ,
74- , .220 ,
75 " ' ' : :
.27-14 ,
76 .

41

 " , " .
" 127 , , "" .
" 118 , , "".
) 35-( , ,
.

77

,
.
, . 21.
. ,
, ,
, " .
21) . 36( ,
, 2425/) . 36(
, "
: 142 ,
, 38 , ,46#
. " "".

78

3282 ,1354" " ,1383

1009 ,1402 4-3 1471/2- 392
.1492 , , 176
1324 .1336
,
-"
-".
'
.
.

79

77- , .36 ,
78 ' : ' : : .38-32 ,
79- , ;222 ,- , 37-36 ,

42

 " .
, , ,
, .
, ,
6768/ .
97 .
-" 68- ) 80. (34
, 28 52- ,
) . (34
, ,
.
" - , , -
,
,
.
.

81

""

, - - ,
,
.

82

, .

, ,

. , ,
83.

80- , .39 ,
81 31 . " ,
. 47
"" , . 31
. .21
82 , .68-65 ,58-56 ,
83 " 100- ,
.

43

' '

84

" '" , 5152/,

" .' ,
.

85

"" ,

, .

86

, , ,
. " ,
,
.

87

,
, .
.

88

,
.
28 , 52
.
. .
,
.
.

, " . 88
" " , ""
. , , .

89

84 1075 .1141
" 85" , ,
, 707-706 ,
.
86 ," , '73-67 ,
87 " " " .
, " " " ".
" " "" , .
: ," , '.70 ,
88 , , .
" ,
, .
89 . - , .19 ,

44

) (37 95 ,
" " , "" ,
145 , , " "
"" , 152 , ,
" " " "" .

, "
.
" ,
.
, . ,
,,
, "'" )( "'" )( , , ,
22 88 . ,
111) . (37 "
,
. 93 , "'"
"".

90

.
- ,
,
.

91

, ,

, .
" .

, -
) , 38(

90 ' ' : : .27-14 ,

91- , ;224 ,- , .41-40 ,

45

92

" "") . 38(

.

93

-
- "
. 93123 ,132 ,141 ,.
) (39
.

94

.,

, ,
" .
.

95

,
" . " ,
" .
" , .
, ".

, ,
".

, "
, .
,
.
-- " ,
.

96

, ,

92 "" " , 1718/28 ,29/56 ,56 , .

,
. - -
.
93- , ;238 ,- , ;232-227 ,213 ,- , 85-83 ,
94 - , .234-231 ,
, , :'
, , ;7 , -.28 ,
95 .50-49 ,
96 ' , .

46

 , -
,
.
, .
, ,
, ,
" .
.

97

97- , ;226 ,216 ,- , ;80, 21-22 ,-, 238- ,

.237

47

 .II
"
" .
, : ,
, " . ,
.
, ,
, , ," 97 104-) 1. 40-(
" " ,
- , -" , , .
, , -' .
-'-" ,
.

. -"
, -"
. ,
, , ,
3. ,,
" , .
,
. 4. "

5. , ,1307/1306
) (Museu d'Histria de la Ciutat

1- , ,".
2- , ," ,"; - , ;41 ,- , 229- ,
;227 , .21-20 , , , .
- - -"
. , ;67-65 , ,.52-51 ,
3- , ;228 , , 127-126 , 137 .12
4 , ,137 , .12
, .
5

48

 ' ) .(Montjuic , ,1349

)) 6.(Museu Sefardi de Toledo 41-(

7. "
, ,
.

,
,
.

10

-" , -" 97 .

11

. ,
, ,
.

12

, 56 .
" , ' .5660 ,
593 .

13

" , ,
.
.
" " , 139
140 . , 142143/ ,
"" , "" ) . 42-( "
" "" ,

6 - , , 21 ,177 192 ,55.

7- , ,"-"; - , ;231 ,229 , , ,121 ,
.126
8- , ,"-"; - , .233-231 ,
9- , .74 ,
10- , .77 ,
-"
11- , 79-78 ,72-71 ,
"-" .
12- , .80 ,
13 ' ' :
.

49

14

""

, .
" ,
. ,
.

15

"
. " ," ",
-" ,
" 16.
97 , , " "
, "" 140 ,
, , "
"") . 40-(
,
, - .
.1 , , 6,
/ ) . (43
.2 , 6 ,
, . 83 .
) (44
.3 14 ,
) . (45
" " ,
.4 101 ,
17.
, ,
,
. , 105

14 ' ' : : , 140141-.

15 , .47-46 ,
16- , .230 ,
17 .

50

 , .

18

" " 138 , -.

19

) 46-(
.5 , 6 ,
86 , 133141 ,) . 47-(
.6 , , ,
) Hochschule fr die
,(Wissenschaft des Judentums .
) (48

, "
, .
, ,
.

20

" :

21

.1 ,
.

22

.2 , " ".

23

.3 -
, " ," ," ".
.4 ,
.

24

18 ,- .
19 , .
"" , ""
20 .50-49

, .
82.83-
21 ' ' : 42-.
22 , " , ,
".
23 , .
,.143 ,

51

 .5 ,
, " " .

25

.6 , " ".

. , ,
, .
, , .
,
.
" ... ' "
' . .
".

26

, ,
.

27

"
, "-"
.
,
" . , 1202
,1492 " : ,
" ," " , ,
- , ,
. ,

28

. ,

24 , .
. ,.44 ,
25 45 ,
. , ,
,.212 ,
.
26 ,.60 ,
27- , .79-77 ,
28 '.

52

 - - " .
1325 .1336
, ,1325

29

" " ,
.
" , .
" ,
, -
, - " ,
.
") . (49
,
, " .
, .
.
, "
. ,

""30.

) (50

"
, 31.
, ,
,
, , " .
, .

32

29 E550 "-"
.

30 :; ; . ?
. , / "
"; / " ] [...
"; , / "
".
"" ' ' ,
" " . , .170 ,
31 ,.147 ,
32 ' .157 ,155 ,146 ,

53

 ,1336
.

33

, " .

. , "
" ,
, "
, ".

34

142 ") . 42 52 , (
" 35.
,
" .

" . ,684 .1352

36

, " ,"
" . " " ,
" . ,684
, , ".
-
" . , -

37,1300

"

38.

,
.

39

, .
33 Y861 "-"
.
34 " " . ,
, " ".
35 '.158-148 ,
36 B135 "-"
.
37 ,- ' 55-52 , .122-105
38 , ;141-139 , ;16-15 , , .

"

" , -
" . ' , , 120 ,21 128 66 .147-146
39" 7073 ,74/.

54

 , " ," " ,

" , " .
" ",
,
, .

40

" . "

" "" ,
. , ,
" ,
) . 51 (53-52 , ,
, ,
-

- "

41.

" , " .
,

42.

"

43.

, , , ,20
- , 1300 . 170
' ":"-" ,

44.

) (16 " ,

-" ,
45.

) (54 , , ,

40 ' .
41 " " .
, ." ,
, , .
.
,.143 ,
42" , . '
, .148-147
43 , .
" , ,
, ,"
,.
.
44- , .41 ,
45 .10-9 ,

55

 " ,
, .
" ,
-"
" ,
.

" . ,
, ,
.
, ,
.

46

" ,

,
. , ,
.

, ,
" " .
, ,
. ",
" . ,
,
.

47

":

48

46 "
." ,
" . ,
"".
47 , , 6 3738/ . ' ':
: ) . (199 ,43
48 ' ' : .

56

 .1 ,
.

49

.2 .
.3 , .
.4

.5 .
.6
.
.7 , "
.
.8 ,
, .

50

40 ) . (55
, "",
" .
, ,
, " , . ,
.
) (56
, .
.
40 , " " .
"" " " ,
" , .
. " ,",
," , " . ,
"" , "
" . , "" , "

49
50

. "
" , " .
.24

57

" " .
" " , ".
.
, .
, , ,
. .
, .
40 " " "" ,"
"" " " "" .
, "
"" , . " ,",
" ," " ".
" .
" 51. ,
,
.
" ," ," ," " , "
" " . 40,
, . "" " ",
"" , , " " . ':
" " , "
"" " " "" 37.
" ""
"" 62 , " ".
",
" ," ," ," ," ," " , .

52

" ,
. ,

51 " " , .
- .i
52 ' ' : : .43-39 ,

58

 , ,
.
,
.

-
" .
" , ,
"' , " , .
, ,
, , "
- - , -
, ".
, .
,
. ,
, .
,
,
, .
,
, .
, , 28 .
, " , .

53

) (34 , ,
.
,
, ,
, " ,

53 .47-40 ,

59

 31.

54

.
, , ,
, .

55

,
, .
, , 3738/ .
, - " -
" , .
. , ,
) . (57
"
, . 8 ,
, : "
"" , "
"" , " "" .
5 " "") . 58-(
.
5 , , 8 ,
.

',

,
, .
.
.
,
.
,
.
, .
54" 3147 , . .21
55 .

60

 ,
. " ,
" "" 8 ,
, 5 "" . ,
, ".

56

" .
,
, .
8 , , 5 ,
"".
,
.
".
,
. "
, , .
, .
. :
" .
, . 23 57."
, ,
, 15 . "
, ,
15 . "
, , , 52 .
" , 1517 , 47-,
" , 15) . (59

56 , " " ,
' ' : : .
57 ' ' : : .

61

 . "
3 7- , " 311 , , "
34 ,8 , , " 27 ,) . (61-60

"

58.

" , )
'( . ' ,
. ' S "
, " .
" , " )
'( . " ' , .
, ' , , ,
4046 ,47 ,,

5159.

') . (62 ,55

, :
)' ,' ,'(.
,
60.

61.

'

" , ' "

62.

' .

63

' , ,
' ' ' .
. ' ,
" , ,
.

58 ' ' : : .
59 ' ' : : , .
60 , ' ' 3 ,
' ' 410 , . ' , " ,
, .
' : , .
61 ' ' : : .
62 , , 45 , ' : , .205 ,203 '
' : : .31-28 ,
63 74 . ' : : .30 ,

62

, , .
" , ,
, . ' ,
" , -
, .
- " , 6) .
(43 , ,
. / .
,

"

64.

, . ,
.
. " ," " . "
, , .
- " " , , ,
.U "
, .
" , " .
- " " . ,
, , - "

65.

,
, . .
- "

64 ' ' : .112-104 ,

'.
65 ' ' : : .103 ,

63

 ,
10.

66

) (63

, '
":" " .

67

",

, 2
' "
' ":'-'.

68

'

2 ,
6 , .
, , .

69

- "
, ,
70. , , ,"
- . 31 .
" " , " "" "
" "" . , " .

71

59 , "'
" . "" .

72

.
, "".
.
" " "" "

66 ' , .
67 ' ' : , 6.
68 ' " " . ' ":'-'
) ( .
'
1313 , 3537 ,47 ,73 ,.
' : .
69 ' , .264-263
70- , ;234-230 ,.233-222 ,
71 ' : ' : : .47-46 ,
72 . 9 . ' :
' : : 9 .17#

64

 " . .
.
) ,(homoearcton
).(homoeoteleuton

73

85 , "" ,

" " ."

" , " .
98 , "" , " ".
, "

74.

, ,
" - ,
, .

75

, .

76

" ,
.

77

"
,
, " , ,
"-"
. " 75-
1264 ,1540 " .
, "
. " ,
.

78

-
, ' : ,

73 , ;226 , , , 3-2.6
74 ' : ' : : .47-46 ,
75 ' , .164-162
76 - , ;234-231 , ,.233-222 ,
77 ' .
78 .57-56

65

 ".

79

" .

, ,
.
, ,
. ,
.
" ,3282
,1354

80

" ,

") . 64-(
"

81,

,
, .
,
; " ,
";
" , " ." ,
, " .
." , "
; "
" , ;
. , " , "
" , , ",
, " ,
. ,
. " .
,

79- , ,"-".
" 80-" .E462 .417-416 ,
81 .78

66

 .
-" ,

82.1354

, :
-" -" .
, ,
-" , .
-"
" . ,198
,1264 175 ,1284 2923
) 83.1300-1299 (67-65
"
-" .
. ' 17056,
,1325 743 .1328

84

) (69-68

,2417 ,1347" ",

85

3282 .1354

86

) 64 ,70-(

. - 7423 ) 87.1332 (71

-"
. ,
, ,
".

88

",

," , ,

82- ,.85 ,76 ,

-" ,
83 "-" .E 318, E 100, R 44
, " .1277-" XX197
, 175 ,35-34 , .5
84 .
, "" , " .-" .C375
"" ) ,(Agramunt ,
" .-" E535
, ,Agramunt .373 ,2
85 ) (Camprodon , ) .(Vich , , .42
"-" .E458
86 .80
87 , :
" .-" .D206
88- , ,".

67

 ".

89

-" , ,
".

90

, "
- , "
-" .
, , , ' .
, " .
-- " ,
-".

89 18 " 1396-" ;E154- 6582 " 1397-" ;D46

A192 1401 "-" ;E44 81 " 1402-" ;L3 , 9618
1404 ;B21 11960 '"1423-" .B276
90 -" , ' 587 1478
"-" .C191 "
.

68

 .III

. ,
, 1.
2 ,

4,

3.

5.

, .
, .
, ,

6.

"
"
" " . " ':
: .
, , " ",
" "" , "" ," "" ,
" " 7. " ",

1 ,
. , , ,
, . , ;13 ,8-7 , ,,
;143-135 , ;23-22 , ,.13 ,
2 , ;139-138 ,136-135 , ,.
3 , ;18-17 , , .349-341 , , ;482-478 , , ,
;33-32 ,.13 ,
4 , ;339-334 , , ;17-16 , ,.13 ,
5 "" , , ,
. : , .231-212 ,
" " "" . , ,

;395-385 ,370-369 ,.493-490 ,
""" ," "" , "" . : , ,
.374-371
6 : , ;16 , , ;20-18 , , ;287 , ,,
.275-274 ,6-5
7 , .710-672 ,
, .398-397 ,

69

 " "" ,"" ,"" ,"" ," "" 8.

""
"" , "'"

9,

""10.

.
"" , """ ,
"" ,' ' . " , ""

11.

, .

,"

"12.

" - .
""

13.

""14.

" ,
)""( ,

""15.

,
, , ' ,
. ,

16.

" .
,
, . ,
, ,
8 .
, ;510-475 , , .395-385 , : , .157-156 ,
, .710-672 ,
9 , ;383-370 ,182-165 ,153-138 ,28-26 , ,,
.159 , .699 ,
10
. , .383-377 ,' , ""
, . .
, .710-672 ,
11 146148- , 154 .
"" 142143/ 7073 ,74/.
12 , . 1820 ,23 ,28 ,,
3442 ,48 ,51 ,56 ,80 ,.
13 , .709-708 ,693 ,
14 , ;696 , , ;53-47 , ,.189-187 ,
15 94 " : " , " " . 95 ,
"''" " " , , " " ,
.
16 , ;402 ,387-386 ,373 ,369 , ,493-486 ,

70

""17.

18.

, , .
.
, " "" ,",
"" ," ," " "

"19.

,
. , ,
, , ""

20.

, -

, .
,

21.

22.

,
""" ," "" "" ,
.
" " ,

23.

, 141 , " " .

- .,
, 142 , ,
.
""

24.

, 143146- ,

, .
17 ' ' : : .94-48 ,
18 25 ""' ) , ,( ' , 26
" " . 32 , 38 " " .
19 ' ' : : 4546 ,77 ,78/78 ,80 ,90 ,105 ,106 ,116 ,,
122124 ,131 ,135 ,141 , . ,.168-166 ,
20 , ;383-377 , , ;686 , ,.169 ,
21 , ," , ' - )"( " " , 55-
77.
22 , .377 ,
23 ' ' : : , 141 , 149150 ,152 ,
.
24 " , .

71

 . ' ' ' , '

' . ,
'26.

27.

25

"" 146149- , .
149153- ,
,
""28.

153154/ ' " " .

, " ,
29.

- 154 .

, ,
" ,

30.

" ,
, .
. ,

25 143 , " " , ,

" " . 144 " " . " " ) (
" . , , ' . " " , 145 , "
" , ' . ' .
) ' '
' . '( , ,593 ' ,5660 ' ' ,10
' 1 .203 ,
' . ,
.
26 314 ' ' ) ':' , '
( , ' " '" ) , '( ' .
314 , " . 314
' , " , '
- . ' ' : :

.506-1 ,
, ' 2222 . '
" , .- ,
' . -
" -" , " " " ' . - , 17 , ;32
, ,326 , ' ;
, .
' ' , - " ,
'.
27 145 ' " ' " . '
146 , " '".
28 149153-.
29 , , ,-" ."
" . , ;272 , ,
.672 , - , .
, .
30 154 , .
" , , " " " ".

72

" , .-
,
"" ,

31.

32.

, ,

, , ,
. ;1738 590
.II A 37 ,
: . ,
. " ,
.

.
".
.
" ) ,(Initial word panels .
. , ,
, ) . (21
15 , "
"', . , 47 , "
" , .
,
33.

.

, .
, . ,
) . (39

31 ,.274 ,
32 34 " " , " , ".
33" .

73

 .
.
. ,
) . (22

.
"
) . (22 ,
,
"" " " ) : ( .
,

34.

, - "
, "

35.

36.

, . ,
2 , ' " , ,
' ":'-' ) " "( ,

37.

13 , , ",

' ' " . 13,

,
" " ,

38.

.
3435/ ' ":'-"
34 1718/19 ,20/29 ,30/31 ,32/34 ,35/35 ,36/,

3738/47 ,48/63 ,64/65 ,70 ,73 ,74/75 ,76/79 ,80/93 ,94/97 ,123 ,.
1836 ,79 ,80/97 , .
1516/25 ,26/ . 38 , . 85
.
35 7073 ,74/.
36 " . "
, " .
" , ,
. , .
37 " . "
.
' . '.
38 ' : . '
' : .

74

 34 , '-' ' , ,
35 . 35 ' ":'-"
"" , 3747 ,

"39.

73

" )' (1103-1013 ,

, ' " , " " , ' " ,
':' " " "

"40.

38 ,
" " . ,
.
) . (23
85 ,
. . ,
, , .
" " " )' 1164- ,
) .(1089 (72

.
,

41.

.
, ,
42.

43.

) (73

39 ' : .
40 ' ' : .
, ' .
41 1516/; 1718/; 3738/; 38; 4748/; 7576/;
9394/.
42 2930/; 3132/; 3435/; 65; 70; 7374/;
7980/; 85.
43 1920/;
2526/; 3536/; 6364/; 97; 123.

75


" , -
. , "
"

'44.

45.

, , - ,
. ,
, .
-
, 1000 1500 676-
. 113-

46.

"-

" ,
, ,
. -
, , ,

47.

" ,
.
, , ,
,

48.

- -
-

44 ' ' : .

45 , ; , ; ,; ,.
- , , -
)(.
46 1492 .1497
.
" ) ,(1391 .
47 , .
, ,
. , ;16 , , , , , ,.6 ,
48 ' ' : : .94-48 ,

76

 . -
, .
, : ,,
,' ,/ ,

49.

- , "

50.

"
, , ,
"

51.

" , ,
,

52.

, ' .
,1137
. ) (Montpellier
) (Languedoc -" , -"
, ) ,(Roussillon
) ,(Perpignan

54.

53.

)'(

" )' , 1326' (1408" )'

, 1361' ,(1444 ' " )(1391

49 ' ' : : - .96-95 ,

50 : " " "; " "
"; " " ) ( , "
" ; " " ; "
" "; " " ".
51 , ;276-272 , , .
52 , ;1076-1075 ;1071-1070 , , ;347 , ,.22-21 ,
53 . 1275-1348
,
. : . .
54 , .190 , ' ) (1315-1249
, .
, ,
. , , "" ,
. , .441-440 ,
, ,
- .
' ' : : -
, .49-48
.96-95 ,

77

55.

56.

,
,
. " "

57

",

5577- , .
" ,
. "" ) 58( ) 60( ,
" " " " ,
) 60( ) 62( . " "
" " , " 62 63 .
" " . " "
' " " .
" " , " 65 , "
" , 66 " .
." , , 67 ,
"

"58.

' " "

,- , . "'
" ) 71( , " ",
) 72(" , "
) 73(" , " ) 74(,
" " ) 75( " "
)

7577-(59.

60.

55 . ,.287 ,
56- , 17 , .32 ' .
, .326 ,
57 ' ' : : .
58 " - . " : " ) 66( "
" ) 67(.
59 ,' " " , ,
" ) 3435-( . ' .
60 .
. , .
, .
, .

78

 , " " , " 102 .

"
"61.

. , -

"

62.

, .1527
,

63.

"

, . "
,

64.

- .- :
,318 ' ' ,1 ' ' ,10 ' ,5660
65,203

66,590

, '

,593 37

68,362

67,IIA

- ,4328

,10 . ,

, : 1929/1935 , 314
2222 ' 631 41394

69.

"

-70.

, ,
.
61 , . ' ' ::
.94-48 ,
62 " " , , ,318 ' ' ,1
10 .203
63 ,.7-6 ,
64 ,
. : ,590- ,4328
. IIA 37
65 , ,

. - ,19-18 ,
. 000186595
66 , .
67 , .
68 ,' , , , .
69 - . ,
" . , , ,
, , . "
, . : , ,1071-1076 ,- ,.16-14 ,
70 " , " " ) .(1
, .
,.24-22 ,

79

 , '
, .
.1340

71.

' ,

,
72.

" -

-" , .
.
-" ,

73.

, "

74.1354-1325

-
. ' "
" " " " . " 31,
' , " "
" " ".
" ) (1865-1800 " :

""75.

, " ,
" " ,
" . " . '
,34 .87 , '
, "
" " .

"76.

71 ' , , ,
" . ' " )' (
" )' ( . .1490 ,
;276 ,8 , , ,Abudarham .182 ,2
72 ,' ".
73 ,.288 ,
74 , .68-65
75" , .642 ,1
76 , .276 ,273 ,

80

' ,
, " . ,314 ',
. 38 ,
" 42 .
,

77.

" ' ,
" ,
- .4328 ,
, . 12 , 42
,
" . " ,
" ' .
170
1929/1935 ,1481

78.

,1240 84 , , , .
" ;

79.

-
' " " " .
,
80.

" " ,
. " , ,
, ' ,

77 " " " " ,

. , .
- ,.278 ,
78 .281-279 ,
79 " ,
" , . , .292-284 ,
80 , .275 , 36# , ' ' : :
, 39 97.

81

81

' , ,

82.

,
"

"83.

,
. ,
,
. ,
, .
, ,
,

84.

,
.
,
. ,
, . ,
" , .
" 46 . ,
47 , ' "

"85.

"" , "' ' ' " .

"' " .

86.

, ,

, .

81 " , ' , , ;1 , 326 , .174

82 , ,326 , .174
83 , ;278 ,7-6 , ,.287 ,
84 ,.274 ,
:
85 13 .
)=( .- ,3098 ,2961 ,
.1342 ' ,362 "
, , , ,
. ;126 , , .513 ,
86 , .178 ,

82

87.

, , ,

88.

' ,362 , " "

' " " , "
" . ' 5660 ,
, ' ' 10 "

"89.

, 32 , '
" " . ,
, 47 .
142 ,
.
" " " "",',
"

"90.

91.

' " " "

"92.

' ,5660 ,

203 ' 362 "

"93.

' ' 10 ' ' 1 ,

" " , "
".

94

,593- ,4328 318

.10
' " " , , '

, "

95.

" '

87 , .44-43 ,34
88 .
, .57-56
89 ' ' 10 " " " " .
.314
90 " ) "( .42
91 , .150 ,
92 " " .41-40
93 " 26".
94 " 25" , " .24
95 314 : " "
. ' " " , " "
.

83

 , ' ,5660 ,593- 4328

' "

"96.

203 318 ' " "

' .' " " "
" ' . ' ' ,1 ,
' " " ' ,
"

"97,

' , - " "

'

'98.

' ' ,10" , ' "

" , " "

"' " .' 10 '

99.362

' " "

. ' ' ,1 ' ,5660- ,4328
,593 ' 362 ' ,

' 5660 593 "

100.

,203 318 ,10'

" " '

101.

'

' , .'
' ' .10

96 ' " " , " "

' " " . " " ,30" ,29" .31 - ,4328
' 362 " " . .314
97 " 8".
98 " " . "
" "" ' ' ,362 ' ' '
10 " " , .

99' ' 362 , .
, 2222 ,1320 ' , . ,314
' , ' , . - -
-" . , .598-566 ,
' " " " .
- , ,17 , .32 " " ,
.
100 ' ' 1 )" 28"( ' )" 31"( "
" )" 38"( , " " )" 9"( ,' " "
)" 10"( , ' " " " )" 34"( .
, 362- 4328 " ' " )" 30"( ,-
4328 " " )" 9"(.
101 ' ' " " ,
203 ' " " ,
.' " " ,203
' , ' " ".

84

 ' " "

"

102.

' ,5660 ,593

203 ' ' 1 ' ' .

" ' " ' "

"103.

,10 ' 362- 4328

' , .' ' ' ,10

318

104.

" " "

37 44 ' . ' ,5660 ,593
- ,4328 ,203 ,318 ' ' 1
10 ' , "

"105.

.
, ' , "
"106.

"

' 362 " ,

"107,

" " ' ' .1

" " )" (38 " '
, " " " ".
" " , "
"

108

" " ,

""109.

, ' ' 1 593 "

" " "

110.

" ' " " " '

102 " ) "( .7
103 " ,12" 14".
104 ' 2222 314 ' .
105 " 20".
106 ' 362 ' ' 10 '
. " " , , "
" . ' " ".
107" " 43 '.
108 " " , ' ' 1 '
.362
109 " " ,33 " "' " 37" , " ,39"
.40
110 " 33" . ,593 , " " , "
37".

85

 " " , ,203

,318 10 ' .362
' 10 ,

111

'

'

,5660- 4328 .
, 153154/
" , ' " " .
, , "" " "

112.

, ,

, . '
,5660 , 10 318 ' '
1 . 203
' 362 , " "',
, ,
,

113.

593 " , .
, ,

114.

'
" .
" " "

"116,

"115

"

' "

"

"117.

' ,5660

.593 ' ' 10 , ,

" " , "

"118.

"

111 " " .13-12

112 . , ,
, , .
, ;272 , , .672 , , .
113 - , ; - , .129-113 ,
114 - - .
, .710-672 ,
115 "" ".
116 " " .9
117 " " .15
118 , ' 362 ' ' 10 " "
. .98 ,95

86

 " ,203 ' ' 1- ) 4328

( , " "
,10 318 ' .362

' , " " " .

.
, , ,

120.

119.

" " , " '

18 . ,203 ,10
, ' 362 ' ' .1
" "
- ,

121.1305

' ' ,1 "

" " "

'122.

"
" , " "" .
) (Tarrega -" .

"""124

123.1354

, ,

-"125.

' 5660

"""126.

" " '

" "" 5 , "

" 94 , "
119 , ;278 ,-.23 ,
120 " " , " " " "" ,
" " " ' " "
.' " " .112
121 , ,512 , .106
' ' 1 " "
122 " 28-27".
, ,588 , ,3193
" ' "".
" " .1321 ,
' ' 1 ' , / ,
.
123 , ;543-541 , , ,Moses (Ben Nethanel) Nathan
.559 ,14
124 . , .244-243 ,
125-.20 ,
126 . , .483 ,

87

"" . , , ' 5660 ,

.
, , , -".
.
' , ,
,318 203 ,10
' .362 ' ' 5660 , , ,

, - 4328 .593 "

, ' " " , ' .
' , ' ' 10 ' ' .1
"" ,
. '
' ,1 ' 362 ' , - 4328 '
. , " ' ,

127.

128.

. ,

129.

, ,

,
. ) Villafranca del
(Panades .130 "

127 " -"

. " ' ,
. 593
" ,
.593 10 " ,
' . , , ' ,
. , 56 .
" ,
. ' ' : :
".
128 ' ;1106 ;19522 ;1280 ,1272
' 10456 ,1349 : , .
129 68 " : ."...
130 , . , .129 ,

88

 ,
.
"
" " " ,
132.

131.

, ,

, "" ) Villafranca del

(Panades .
) ,(Villefranche de Conflent ,
.

133.

"

,
,
.
, ' ' 10 ,203
" "

" "

134.

'

' 362 " " ,

' ' 10 " " ,
' "

"135.

, , '
. ' ' ,
, ,
131 ' ' : , 169178 , . , 193

" " . " " ,203 .

" " ,11 . ,
, " " . ,
11 ' , / . ,109-108 ,
;94 ,.216 ,
132- , ;15 , .272 ,
133 -" . -
. -" .
, villefranche-de-conflent ;137 ,16 , , ,1981' 39
;42 , ,200-199 , , , ,605 ,192 ,112
.
, ,-.
134- ,.48 ,24-23 ,
135 ' ' 10 , . ' ' 10
' " " , , ,11
" " , ' ' 10
"".

89

 ' , '
5660 , , , .
-
,- " ,
. ,

136.

,
. "
" , 85 . "
56 . . ,
" , " , " ' ' .10
91" , " , " ,,
" " , " 29" , " " ,
" .28 ,203 ,318 ,10

- 4328 .593 " "

' ' .10 ,
, " "
, . ,"
, . ""
, "" "

"'137.

" " .
, 93 ,
" . :
' ' : '.

" " , " 32" , " "

)" (33 '' " " )" .(34 " " )"

136 ' ' : : .102-98 ,

137 " " , " "; " "
, " " " "; " " " ,
"; , ' ," ,
" . , , ,,
" .
,.
, .441 , .
, , " , .

90

 (43" " )" (44 ""

138.

. ,

" " )" (33 " " )" (43

,203 ' ' ,1- .4328 "
" , 318 , ' ' 10
10 -

139.

" " "

" ' 5660

.593
178 :
'' ' ' '
, " ",
" " , 10 126
593 168169- . 114
, " , 131132- .
" 170 .

, " , , ,
, 593 . , ,
.
" - -
,

. ' , ' ,5660

,593 " .593
" , .
, , .
" ' .
,
. , '
138 '-' " " )" "
.(42-36 , ;221 , , .701 ,
139 ' ' " 10 " )" " ,(53 ' 5660
318 . 10' " " , " "
,46 . " " " )" (33" " )" .(43

91

 " ' 5660

140.

593 " . ",

.
" . ' ,5660
, , .
. ,
" .
' 5660" , " ,- 4328
.
" ,
"
.

141,198

, ,

. 198 ,
,
,

142.

"

, ,198
" ,
.
198 .

143.

,
. :
.1

, , .

.2

"".
140 593 " .
.10
141 198 " , . 2031
.198 285 ,
142 , ,
.198
,198 " , "
. - .
: ;395 1738 ' ' .10
143 118131- . ,
133140-.

92

.3

,
.4

144.

, .
,

198 ,395 1378.

395 ,198
145.

, .

- ,
. ,

146.

198
.1738 , ,

147.

' ' ,10

- , .
' ,362 , ' ,
, ' , .
, 198
, .
, , .
" , ' ' 10
" . ' , "
' , " , ,
. " , ,
. " , 132,
:

144 " " , ' ' .10

145 ' .395 ' ' ' , '
' ' . ' '
, ' .
146- ,.17 ,
147 .279-278 ,

93

'' ' ' ' ' ' '

' ' ' '
' ' ''.

, ,
. , " "
, " " . " "
, ,
-" . , ,
"

-"148.

, 114 , :
" '
' ' ' '
".

, .
:
" '

".

, .:
" ' ' ' '
'
' ".

,
, " .
,

149.

" "? , ,
178 , .
' ) (Huesca "
" "

150.

" ,

148 , .68-65
149 , ' ;317 , , "-" ,".
150" " .

94

 , , ,
, ."
, " " .
,
,

151.

" )' 1380-

,1320( , " ,:
"" "


"
" " )
(
) (

"152.

' ) ,(1575-1488 ,

153.

"

. 126 , " " ,:

" ' "
".

" "
" , ,1380
" , " , , .
,"

154.1354-1325

, , ,
-" .

151 , '-' ,; , ,-.

152" " ,' " . - '
, , .34
153 , , , .34
154 .

95

 .VI
,
, " .
, ,- ,
, . , 2
. ,
" , .
, , ".

6 , -
") . (43 , ,
. ,
.
, 1.
, , . ,
" .
. " ," " .
" , , .
- " " , , ,
, .U " ,
, . "
, " . -
" " . ,
, , - "

2.

- "
. .
- " , ,
1 ' ' : . '.
2 ' ' : : .

96

 ,
1 , 10
10) 3. (63
, -" 4.
,
.
, .
""
.

- ) (Johann Bmler )(Augsburg

,
.

6 " .
-- " ,
,
. ,
"".

, ,
. , ,
" . " ,
.
" , ,
, 2 , ' "
.
' ":' ' 8. '

3 ' , .
.
4 , ,
5 -" . 1485-1449
. .10-9 ,
6 .1503-1430 , .11-10 ,
7 ' , .173-172
8 . 13 ,
" , , ' ' " .
13 , , " " ,

97

 " , "
":"
2 9. , , , ",
.
,
. ,
. , , " ".

10

, " " .
,
9.

11

, 6 , " " " " ,
, . ,
6) . (44 83
"" , ,
"" , . "" .
.
6 ,
101138 , , 14) . (46-45 ,
, , , ,
) .
(47

14 , -" -" ,
.
. ' : , .25-24 ,2
' ' : , 213 ,13 , .
, ' ' : ,
3747 ,73 ,.
9 ' ' : , 6
' . , '.
10 ' , .264-263
11 ' , , ' , .

98

 ,
6 , 6) . (45
" / "" . "
" / /".

12

,1539-1241
" " .

13

"
" , " . , ,
" """ .
"" , - "",
"" "".

14

"" .
) (Pozzuoli ,
. ,
" . " ) ,(Pozzallo
) (Ragusa .
, " .
, .
, .
" .

16

15

.1511-1510 , ,
.1541 ' ,
-" -".

17

, -"
-" . ,
12 , .412 ,
13 ;
, . .
"-"
, .
14 , , .
15 ,.430-429 ,398-382 ,
16 , .471 ,
17 , ;472-471 , , ;547-546 , , ;428 , , ;543 ,,
;471 ,464 ,460 ,, ,170 , .5

99

 .
, ,

18.

"" , .

19

" ,
-".

20

'.

21

, , - ,
. , ,' " . ,
, -" ,
-" ' - ,
, .
, , ,.

. 101 ,
"" " " . "
" , ) . 46-(
, ,
. 22. 138
" " , - .
101 , , ,
" . -
" -".

18 , ;471 ,464 ,460 , , ;543 , , ;472-471 , ,;547-546 ,

, ;428 ,- , ;132-130 ,- ,.309-301 ,
19 ) (feslat
, ) (Khemisset . www.staatsbladclip.be
.peslat
20 -" . , . ,
.461-460 ,
21 , ;462-460 , , ;543 , , .195-194 ,
22 , 105 .

100

 - "
. . , -
. -"
, - .

23

-" ," .
" )' ,
1326' (1408 " )' , 1361' ,(1444
' ".
" - .
" : /'
' / / /
/".
,
, "" ""
,
. " :
/'
/ / / /".
" :
.
) - ( ".

24

, ,
, . ,
, , " ,
" , .
"" ,
. " ,- ,.

23 ,.181-179 ,
24 "" " ".

101


86 . ,
,
, " " "" . "
, "" "" ,
. , "
, 1820 - 25.
, .
, 86 , " ' " "
") . 47( , " ",
.

26

27

133 , "" ," :' ' '

?? /
' ' ' ' ' ".
" : /
) :( ) ( )( ".
) 47( .
123 28, .
141 . , "
" , " " .
, ,
" : " . ,
, , -" ,
""
.

29

"

25 , , 1912 , ""
. ,
. -
.
26 " , ; " " ,
" " , , , , , , , ,.
27 , .674-673 ,
28 .
29 , .79-78

102

 , ,
) . 47(

, ,
) ,(Hochschule fr die Wissenschaft des Judentums
) . (48
" , - . :
87120 , ".

31

30

" / 27,

, .

32

, , "
.

33

,1942" '
.
' 1984
- ,-,
.1986

30 ,
, .
31 : " " 27 , " " 87 "
" 120.
32 .
33 " ,
. , ,
, .
.

103

 .V
" , , ""

-1.

, .
2. "
.
, -" . -"
3. "
1985- .

4.

," ) ,(leather thongs
) 5. (75-74
- 6. V
"" ) . (76 , ,
) 7.
(77 "" - ,
-" 8.

9.

" 1" , ,- . ,
.47 , ,
,
.
. , 15 , ;19,
.xl ,
2 "" . : , ;226 ,,
;xxvi , , .47 ,

3 , ;48 , , 9 , .19
,1600-1300 ) , ,
( . ,
. ,.222-216 ,175-174 ,
4
, .
5 , ,
.
6 , ;232 , ,.191 ,
7 , 63 , .F
8 , 7 , ;19 ,.224-222 ,
9 , ;46 , ,.224-222 ,

104

 " "" ) .(mitered

- ,

10.

) (pared down , -",

-"

11.

1400
-" , -" ,

,

13.

12.

"

, ) ,(head bands "

14.

: , .

15.

" ) ,(roll catch plate

. , -

16.

) 78 (F, B ,

17.

) (79

.
,
. ) (gold tooling

18.

, -

, . ) ,(roll
)tool

19.(stamp

10 , 15 , .19
11 ,.232-231 ,228 ,
12 .clasp :
13 ,.260 ,257 ,251 ,
14 , 10 , .19
15 , .260 , -" ,
, ,xxxii -" , , .iv
16 .
,
.
17 , . ,
.252 , 9.47 ,b 9.54 .k
, ,60 , .31
18 , ;xxv , , ;250-249 ,' ,.173-170 ,
19 . .scroll :

105

 , . .
,
.
. ,
, .
) . 80-(
,
-" ,

20.

) (81

" ,
" . , " ",
"

"21.

) ,(intaglio . ,
,

22.

,
,
-" ,

23.

. ,
, . ,
,1480 , ,

24.

,
-" . ,,
,
-" . ,
, ) ,(Baldessare Scariglia

20 ,.244-243 ,
,
21 .http://hist-einband.de
, , -"
-".
22 .scroll :
23 , , .
. : , ;249-248 , , .xxv ,
24 .1494 : , .xxv ,

106

 . , ,

-"25.

-"26.

") . (82
, , ) .(blind tooling
, , ,

27.

-"

. " " ),(etampage froid

28.

" ,

" " ) .(strap work

29.

,
,
.
) . 80( ,
- ,
. .
, .
- , ,
- ) .(rope tool

30.

.
,

25 , ;xxxi-xxiv ,- , ;45-43 , , ;199 ,,

;248-247 , .gold tooling , ,
-" . : ,.
26- ,.64-63 ,
27 , ;47 ,- ,.22-21 ,
28 , ;16 , , ; ,.192 ,
29 .
, -" . , ;48 ,,
;xli ,xxii , , .127-126 ,122-121 ,
30 ,
. , .48 ,

107

 . - )gtico-
(mudjar

31.

-"32.

) (83

33.

) 84-( ,
, .
-" -" ,

34.

) (Federico Macchi " ,

, ,
,
, .
.
,
.

35

" , , -" ,
-" . ,
-" -" .
-" -

" ,

36.

31 " " ,
. ,
. , ;xlii ,xxiii , .37-34 ,
, , .
32 ,.199 ,
Dizionario Illustrato Della Legatura
,2002 ) (Brera.
33 - .
.25 ,
34 , ,363 , ;19 , .xliii ,-,
;132-130 ,- , ;309-302 , , ;100 , ,
.302-301 ,
35 , ) ,(Philippa Marks
. ,
.
36 - "" ,
, ,
. , ;313 , , ,170 , .5
, , .
-" . -"
- , ,
.

108

 " -"
, .
-" . , ,
, -" ,
,819

37.

) (85

-" , ," "

38.

" .
) 86-( , -
" , , ,

39.

, , -" ,
" . ,
. 47 ,,
, 2526/

40.

) ( 22-21

",
150151/) . (87 "
, , .
" ,
.

, , , . : ,
;471 ,464 ,460 , , ;543 , , ;472-471 , , ;547-546 ,,
;428 ,- , ;132-130 ,- , ;309-301 , ,,
.316 ,314 ,307-306 ,304

, , .1705 ,1382
' ,
. , .100-99
37 ,.
38 , .xliii ,
,
39 , .
.
40 , .27

109

 , ,

41.

"" ,
) (cut-out . ) (,
.

42.

, .1752 ,
, ) ,(1337-1296

-"43.

, " , ,

) . 88(
, 1752 ,
-".
, , "
.
,

44.

,
, , .
,
-"

-"45.

, -"

-"46.

) 88( , , " ,
-"

48,

-"47.

"

41 , .
42 , .46 ,
43 .278-277 ,
44 ,
, .
45 , , ;51 ,viii ,; .36-35 ,
46 , .49 ,
47 .
, , " "
. , ;49 , ,.234-233 ,
48 , .349 ,

110

 .IV
" ,
, , . , , ,
, -
.
" ,
, , ,
." ,
. ,
, , .
, .
,
, . ,
.
, "
. , ,
. , ,
".
,
.
,
.
, , ,
: , , , . ,
,
.
"
- . - , ,
, , ,
.

111

 -- " ,
. ,
. ,
, ,
, " .
.
" , ,
,
. " ,
. ,
,
. - , ,
-
" .
" "-
" , , ,-
" , ,
" -" .
.
, "
.
" , .
, ,
" . "
. ,
.
,
, ,
.
. '
, ' , '
112

 . "" ,
.
" .-
-
" , ,
.
"
, " " .
" ,
" . " " , "
, " , , "
, . ,
, "
-" . """ ,"
"" , "
, .
1340 , "
-".
" , -
, .
-" , -"

-" .
-" -" .
" -" , .
" ,
, .
, ,
, " ."
) ,(cut-out
) ( , .

, , , "" "
113

 .
-" -" , " ,
-" -" . "
,

, .

114

 :
-" .
,
. .

" " , .Breviarum Judaicum -

, , .
,
. , /

) 2. (90-89 "
.

"

.
) ,(Initial word panels
.
15 , , 47 , ""
. , ,
, ) .
(21
, " ,
. )(Full-page panels
3,

1 , .45-42 , - , .
- , , '.212-78 ,
2 ,.81 ,
3" )12 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,9 ,9, ,12 ,(,
, , )12 ,3 ,5 ,( .
)45 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,8 ,10 ,( . )310 ,11 ,,
1313 ,14/( , )1011 ,13 ,( , / )1112/(.
12 ,6 ,7/14 ,15/ . 154 20- 160-196".
. ' ' : .

115

 . ,
,
, ,
" 4.
.
, ,
5.
1516/ 2526/ ,
,
.

" ,
" . "
, " -
7.
" , " . 8
" , / .

"

/ .
"

9. , ,
, -" .
, :
, - . ,
4 17 :18/19 ,20/29 ,30/31 ,32/34 ,35/35 ,36/37 ,38/,
4748/63 ,64/65 ,70 ,73 ,74/75 ,76/79 ,80/93 ,94/97 ,123 , .
1516/25 ,26/ . 38 ,
" " ,
85.
5 6570 ,97 ,123 , .
: 3132/35 ,36/47 ,48/63 ,64/73 ,74/,
7576/ . 3435/.
6 3536/79 ,80/97 , .
- , 7375 ,.
7 . 2 " " ' ":'-
' , 74 " . ' .
-"
.
8 , .
9 ' , .

116

" , -.
" ,
, "

10.

"
, " -" .
.

"
,

11.

, ,
" "

12.

,
.
.
,

13.

" ) (images ,
) ,(Interlace
.

14.

10 " . ,
. , .63-59
11 ,
, . .,
;40-28 ,- ," ;61-55- , .14 ,

12 , .
, , ,
, , ' . : .18-12 ,"
, , .
- , " , "
, , - "
.
13 ,
" " , , " "
. - ,
. ,
,
.
, .
14 , ,
. 1 :; 2; 3; 3; 4; 5; 5; 6; 7;
8; 9; 9 . / 4 :; 8; 10; 13 . ' ':
: .13-11 ,

117

 "

, ""
. ,
, ,
,
.
- - .

"
,

15.

9 ,

, ) . 91-(
9 , )(aiguis

16,

.S ,
.
. 9 .
, " " , .

.

-17.

) (92

.
, ,
. ,
. , , ,
.

)18(Surcot

15 : 15 ,11 ,12/ ,
/ , " .
16 . ,.19 ,
17 , , ,
,
- . - ,
. , .

18 , , ,
. ,.167 ,

118

 . ,

)19(Cote

. , ,
.
, .
.
- .
S . . ,
, .
.
.
.
, . .
,
"" .
. ,
, ) fleur
.(de lys
.
. ,
, .
,

20.

. ,
, , , ,
. .
,
15 , 47) . 93-(
,
. ,
19 , .
. ,.165 ,40 ,
20 13 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,10 , . ' ' :
.112-104 , ' : , .208-203

119

 , -
.
.
3 8
16 , ,
, , ,
,

21.

) 94 ,32 ,27-(

, , ,
,

- " .
,
. , , .
,

22.

, , ,

- .
, ,
,
, .

21 " -
" , . " ,
, " . , "
. ,
" -" . , .2
- " . , ;142-141 ,139 ,
, , .40 ' , , .56-54
22 , .
89-118" . .
- .
" . ' ':
-".
: .10-9 ,
, , .
-" . " ,
,
.
. ,
, .
)( ,
. , ,
' , ,
, , ,
. 10 ,
,14 . - ,,
.76-75

120

 ,
, ,
"" ,
.
" . 7 ,
10 .) , (95 ,32 - ,
, , ,
, .
. ,
, ,
. . ,
, , ,
. ,
.
, " . 9,
.
,
,

23.

10 ,
, ) . 91(96 ,
,
. , ,
. , .
, ,
. , .
, , .

23

, , 14".
20-10-" . ,
. , ,
. ,
.
.
. . : , ;70 , ,.114 ,
' ' : : .10-9 ,

121

 , . , ,
.
-

24.

25

-" .
""

26,

) ,(hose -"
, . ,

27.

, ) chapeau
28.(bec

, ,

, - .

30.

29.

'' '

,

-"

31.

32.

" .
: - ,
, , -" ,
24 .
" " ,14
, , 10
. ,.71 ,
25 - ,
, . ,
, . , .8-5 , ,
1890 - , .1346-1345
, .299 ,
26 , , . , ;30-28 , ,
;195-194 , , ,70 , ,.94 ,
27 . , ) ,(poulaines
-" , . , ,
,198 ;451 , , ;70 ,43 , ,.53-51 ,
28 , .34 , , 11 , -
.1320 , 54 , ;26 ,- ' ,.66 ,
29 , ;31 , , ;198 , ,.43 ,
30 , " ,
. , ;81-79 , , .44
31 , ;48 , , ;28 , , .198 ,194 ,
32- , .125-124 ,

122

 -" . , ,
) ,(seine

-"33.

-" ),(1375-1350

34,

" , ,- ,
-"

)35.(1360-1340

" - " ,
, ,
-"

36.

" ,

"
) (Ferrer Bassa, Arnau Bassa ,
37.1348-1333

.
,
,1348-1340 ,

38.

161 .

39.

) (97

" 910/ .
) (92

33 , ;188-187 , , ;62 , , ;12-11 ,- , ,279 ,

294 .58
34 ' ) ,(jaque .1360'
) (doublet , .1340
. ,.67 ,65 ,
35 ,
-" , .
-" . , , '.
36 " ' , , .79
37 .
.1348-1333 , ;87-45 , ,;152-147 ,
, ;162-154 ,- , ;123 , , ;226 , ,
;10 ,- , ;305-299 , , ;170-146 , ,-.120-57 ,
38 - .1348-1340
, ;95-93 , , ;157 ,155 ,- ,

.125-122 ,
, 1340-1330 ,1336-1330 .
, ;154 , ,- .101 , : , ,
.338-313
39 - .
- -'.

123

 , ,
.

40,

, ,
. , .

41.

-
. , 113 169 ) 98-(
".
"

' , 186) . (99
"

42.1342-1338

, ,

"

43.

"

,
,- - , 1343

44.1346-1345

49) .

(100 ,
" , .

- ,

45.

,
, , , ,

40 , . ,
, .
, .309 ,
41 - , ;123 , , .161-160 ,
42 - , ;123 ,- , ;140-139 , , 156- ,
;155 , ;158-155 , ,- ;101 , , ,303-302 , -
.1342-1340
43 , " , .
44 , .318-317 , 1348-
.1346 , ;156-155 , , ;130 , ,
;212-211 ,207 , , ;188 , ,-.107-106 ,
45 5.

124

46.

" , ,
,1203 1348-
47.1345

45 ) . (101

" ,
-.
" -
.
- 75 X 70" ." X 98
70" . " -.
, ,

48.

, 24-22" , 76-
.75 X 74 " - ,
- - " .

- . - -
"" , '

49.

- ,
- ,
") . 102 ,97-(
" .
13 ) (103
, " .
46 .
, .2006
,
47- , ;128 ,123 , , .71 ,
1994 - .1345-1350 - , .53 ,
48 "" .
3" .
, , .
' ' : : .10-9 ,
, . ,
.
' ) .(moduli - ,;125 ,123 ,49-50 ,
, ;114 , ,.71 ,
49 .23

125

 .
, , , . "
,
. "
- . , , .
,

)50(Wimpel

. , " ,
-) .
(104

51.

) (105

, , , ".
" -
156 . , ,
.
, ,
" .

"" "

52.

) 106 ,92-(

, 7 ,
. ,
" .

53,

" -

54.

-"55.

) 107-(

" - .

56

50 .
51 44 ,-.107 ,
52 , ' , 215-124
, .
53 .
54 , .309 , ,
.
55 , .294 ,279 ,
56 96103 ,114 ,147 , , 64.

126

) 107108 ,-( , .

142
- , . ,
, " ,

57.

) 108 ,95(

,
, ") . (109 ,
,
) ,(rampant " .
, , '
58.

"
, .
, ,

59.

, -
,
" . ,
, ") ,

(96-91 ,29-28 - ) 110-(

) (103 ,99 "

60.

) . 98 ,43 ,29(104-103 ,

57 ,2006
, 64 . -
142 . ,- "
.
58 .48
59 ,
,
. : , ,73 ,70-69 ,
;79-75- , ;123 , , ;137-133 ,- , .56 ,54-51 ,
60 " ,
. - , ;21 ,- ," 213 , ;71- , ,
-
.128-125
- . - , .309 ,

127

 , "

61.

186 ) . (99
" ) . (43 ,29
, . , ,
, ,

62.

, .

" , :

63.

119 " 11 .
, "; ) 111-(

64

"

65,

) . 112-( "
3 5 144
) : (115-113 ,28 , ,
, ,

66.

"
, :
"The resemblances in iconography, design and figures, are so numerous

61-
. - , .314-312 ,

62 6 . / .
, " .
. ,
' " :"-" . ' ,
. '.
63 ,.133 ,
64 133.
65 13.
66 " "
- , .
" , " .
, " , . "
" .
. , , .-
" , .
- " . , ;142-141 ,139 , , .
, , .33 .21

128

that they render superfluous any lengthy demonstration of the close

relationship." 67
- "
, .
.

68.

69

70.

71.1203

,1348

, , ,

72.

,
.1348-1338

, .

"
,-- "
,

73.

-" , '
) (Jaume Cascalls

74.

"

67 , .74 ,
1969
68 ,.149-147 ,
. ,
, - - " .
, , ;1 ,.103 ,

69 - .
- . .

70 , ;139-137 ,133 , ,-.106-103 ,

71 .47
72- , ;123 , , .160-154 ,
73 - , - . - , ,
.127 ,2006
- " ,"
.
74- , ;68-67 , , ;306-305 , , ;187-170 , ,
.204-204 ,190 , '
, .
, ;311-306 , ,-.108-103 ,

129

75.

, "

76.

" ,

- , ,
.1346-1340
-
-" ,

77.1336-1330

" ,1330-1346

78. , "
-
) (1342-1340 ) (1346-1343
" -".

, -
- " ,
,

79.

, , 1112/
.
,
-

80.

4 9 , ",

81.

,9 ,S ,
. ,
- ) ,(Rosa Manote Clivilles
75- , ,.304 ,
) MNAC- Museu Nacional d'Art de
,(Catalunya ,2006 "
. , , , ,
.
76- , ;318-317 , ,-.106-103 ,68 ,
77 ,-.102-101 ,

78 ' , .68-65

79 13 ,4 ,5 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,10 ,10 ,11 ,13 ,13 ,,

14.
80 48 ,.
81 ' : .208-207 ,204

130

 ,
. 9

"82.

.
,
, ) . (1

. , ,

83.

-" , " ,

. - ,

, -
"

"84.

- ,

" ,
-

-"85.

,
.
" -" , ,
,

-86.

, ,

-,

87,

82 , .120 ,118
83 , ;241-240 ,167-102 , , ;37-28 , ,- ' ,-120 ,41-13 ,
.101
84- , ;21-10 ,- ,".68 ,
" , ,
" .
.
85- ," ;161-151 ,137-132 ,70-67 ,- , .247-246 ,
86- ," ;147-118 ,- , .268 ;261-250 ,
" 87" . ,.114 ,

131

88.

,
, , , . ,
- ,
,
, -.
,
. ,
,
, -.
,
38 ) . (23 ,
. - ,
89,
) . (117-116

, 4 "

90.

) (29

, ,
. -.
) 118-( ,
) (Beatus of Liebana
-'-"

-92.

91,

) (119
-",

93.

88- ," ;131-125 ,84-61 ,- , ;254-251 ,- , -194 ,

.201-199 ,192

89- ,".146 ,

90 ' ' : .106 ,

91 ,.21-20 ,
92 ' 3203 , ,
- . , , ,
.1279 ,- ' , 166-164 , ;511-503- ,".87 ,
93 ,; , ; ," .

132

120-121 ,-(
) . (117
,
" 4 , ,

94.

4 "
133) . 112( , ,
.
, ,
. .
" , ,

.
, 13 "

95.

, " ,
. 119 ,
, 11 ") .
111-( ,
96,

, ,

4 " .
, ,
) . (29 ,122
,
.
-

,
,

94 - ) ,(Rosa Manote Clivilles

) ( MNAC- Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya ,
, ,2006 " ,
,(Mestre de l'Escriva) ,
' . , ;205 ,- , .306-305 ,
95 .
96 - , ;21 ,- ," ,213 , ;71- , .128-125 ,

133

97.

" , 15 47.

98

) 93( - ,

" " "

99.

) 123-(

, "
.
" ,

100

4 8-,

101.

91 ,28( ,
,
-' -
"102.

-'-" ,
103.

, ) . (124
, " " )cycle

104,(animal

, ,
, . ,

105.

"

97- , .125 ,

98

,
. - ) (reanau .
- , .

99- , ;127 ,- , .58 ,

100 .
, . - ,'.112 ,
101 - ) ,(Marie-Therese Gousset ,
.
102 ;150-147 , , ;155 , , 153- ,
204-202 ,145 ;197 ,135-127- ,' .119
, . , ;30-31 ,- ,".39 ,
103 , .414-412 ,406 ,
104 , , .
, , , ,
, , , , .

, ;103 ,- ,'.168-167;131-129 ,124 ,118 ,113 ,
, , ,
. - ,'.129 ,119 ,115-111 ,
105 , 416-415 , 8.15-

134

106,

107

108.

109,

) . 125-,
(126 -
,
,

-110.

, ,
" .

112.

111

-' ,

. ,
,

113.

, -"
,
.

106 4 , 5 , 8 , 8 ,
10 , 11 , 13 14 .
107 -" -" .
, -
-" . ,' ;142 , , ;21 ,,

;29-27 , , ;87-85 ,- ,105 ,
,- , ,
. ,; , ; , ; ,-.68-66 ,61-59 ,
108 , ;270-262 ,259 ,257 , , ;80 ,- ," ;38-37 ,- ,
.261 ,253 ,
109 ,-.81-77 ,
110- , .261 ,253 ,
111 " " ,
. , ;21-2 , , ;121 ,,
.113 ,
112 134 , 165 . :
,.64-51 ,

113 , ;31-30 ,27 ,- ," ;45-38 , , ;10-7 , ,.

: .13-1 ,

135

 -" ,
)Montcada

114.(carrer

) 127-128 ,-(

' )del Marqus de Lli

115,(Palau

, ,
,
"" ,
) .(rampant
. )Caldes

116(Palau

,
. ,
, .
8 " .
, ,
.
, .
, ,
, . -
,
- ,

117.

118.

114 , .119-114 ,105-104 , , ,

.
115 .12
116 ) ,(Palau Berenguer d'Aguilar 15
.
117- ,'.172-171 ,
118 ) ,(carrer Lled
, ) .( ,
.

-" -" . ,
- . : , ,30 ,18 ,V ,
;146 ,134 ,126 ,110 ,54- , 196 ,189-187 , .65
-" -' ,.71-61 ,

136

119.

, -

120.

' ,

-" ,

,
121.

, ,
'

122.

.
) ,(Arbre D'Honor - ) (Gabriel Turell ,1471
,

-"-"123.

) (consilari

"

124.

125.

"

126

, , ,
.
,

127.

) (129 ,104

119 '- , ;83 ,- ,'.123 ,

120 , ;329 , , 103 , .13
121 , ;127-126 , , ;31,'- ,.97-96 ,92-91 ,
122- ,'.177 ,
123 , .18 ,9-5 ,
124 ) (II ) ,(IV ) ,(V
) (VIII ) .(XVIII ,
.1325- - ,1346
" " . , ;227 , ,,
) .XV-XVI (3X
125 , ;70 , , .41 ,
126 4 , 8 , 13 ,
"" 13 , 14.
127" : 48 , 13- . ' ' :
.112 ,108 ,105 , 4
. .
4:1- . ,,
, , .

137

)129.(call

128.

) (Ledo

,
. ,

130,

131.

" , " .

,

132,

133.

" ,

,
. ,

134,

" " ) ,1310-1235

(
:
"

"135

" ,
. ' , .258-255
13
.
, " .
128 -.20-18 ,
129 . , ;199 , , .40-39 ,
130 , .239-237 ,139 ,
131 , .207-206 ,
132 ,
. , ;159-157 , , .191-184 ,
, -
- , . ,
;108-107 , , ;238-237 , , ;297 , , ,
;41-40- , .220-213 ,
, - ,
. , ,
;107 .7-5 ,
- ,
. - , ,288-287 ,
.291-290
133 , .258 ,
134 , ;300-299 ,- , ;190 ,49-47 ,- , .
135" " , ' .

138

 ,
, , - "
.
85 ,
,
- " ,
, .
, .
, .
95 ' ,726
-"). (130 ,72 ' 726
" ." , ,
7 .

136

' 726 ," .

.

137

"
, - "
. ,
, .

,
, , -"
."
, -
" .

136 .121
137 ,

, 123 .37
, - ,.125-123 ,

139

 .
, "" " "
) : ( , .
,

"

138.

139.

,1974

140,

,1 ,1280

141.

, ,
,

142.

, "
,
-" : ,
; ' ,465
-"

143,

3214

144.1278

- , ' ,465

145.

111 , 25,
,1232
-":

146

20 ) (Tudela

138 73 ,7074/.
139 : ,- ' , :116 , ;5775-5774-
, :57 , .30
140 , .97-96 ,
141 . .1280- , 99 ,
.1280 "-"
.59
.ZS001 ,- ,2000 Madrid, :
,Biblioteca de la Universita 1 .
142 . - ," .65 ,
, , , .1260 "-"
).(D172
143 ,- ' , 19-18 , 4-1
144- ,".87 ,65 ,
145- ,".65 ,
146 .
-" .
. - , , . ,-

140

 ,1300 10; 21 ) (Soria

,1312-1300 2) . 131-; 132-(
, 20 ,
- -" , .0.5.9
, ,1470 - 391 , ) .1479 134-
(133 .
,1314-1315
-

-"147,

,3231-3246

,1487 . , ,
' 465 -" . ,
58 -") . (135
14 12/) . .(136
- - -" -"
. , , , -"

148.

,
, ,1280 .
20 ,

149,1300

,2938 , - , ,
,1300

150.

,
,3214 .1278 ,
,

-"151.

" 1299 )(Perpignan

) .(Roussillon
,

' , ;23-22 , , ;9 , , ; 105-103 , ,",

.117-92
147 , ;119-118 ,- , .95-89 ,
148- , .5 ,
149 10 . ' : , .209
,7-6 , ,14 -" .
150- ,".96-95 ,
" 151-" E420 ,7 , .17

141

152.

14 , ,

) . 137( , 140 ,
512) . 137-(
.1325

153.

, -" ,

154.

,
- . ,
, .
. ,
13 ,1028
)( , ""
V ) . (138

155.

:
) .II B 116 139-( ,

156.

),(966-962
) (140
.

157

158.

152 , ;190 , , .
; , , , - .

, ,
.

' , 49-

.48
153 Roma, Comunita Israelitica 19 - ,Roma, Comunita Israelitica 19a
. - ,1905
.3 ' , .162 , .3- "-
" .E550
154 , ;99-96 ,- ,".146 ,129-128 ,126-125 ,
155 : ;18 , , ;3 ,
17 .929 10 ,8 ,6 ,1 .
156- ,".57 ,

157 , .420-419 ,

158 , .

142

 ,
'

)160,(Ajimez

159.

, . ,
, -
,

-161.

,
, , ,
162.

.
II B 116
, ,
-' , -'-" .
, .
- ,
,
II B 116 , -".
,
.
, .

163

, ,

, -".
,
. ,
-,

164.

, ,
159 - ,.
160 . .
- , .77 ,
161 , ;221-220 , , ;221-220 ,102-101 , ,.12 ,
162 ,.238 ,236-235 ,

163 ,.385 ,

,.98-92 ,

164

. - , , ,-.
- , , ,42 ;1292/3 ,25
39 , .1232

143

165

166

, .
, :
"

"167.

,
, , .

.

168

, ,

169.

, ' , ,
,

170.

, ,
.
,
171.

,
.

172

173.

"" ,
"" .
165 - .
, ;52 ,- , , ,; -
.
, ;41 ,- , ;229-227 , ,.21-20 ,

166- , 38-37 ,35 , .77-76 ,43-40

167 - , ,.

168 ,.478-477 ,
169 .
-" - , .
, ;67-65 , ,.52-51 ,
170 )(Almoravids
-" . , ;215-108 ,- ," ;57-55 , , ,
;437 , .432-431 ,

171 .

172 ,.128 ,

173 -" ,
, . - ,";91-90 ,
,.12 ,

144

174,

) (141

) . (9
-" ,
.
. ) . 132(
,

177.

175,1300

176,

) 137-(

, ,

" , " "

178,

-"179.

,
- - .

173 , ;1305/1306
, ,1325; " .
, ,
.

.
"180.

) (30 ,142

181.

"
182.

, -

174 , . ' ,
" . , ;89-88 ,- ,".47 ,
175- ,".29 ,
176 "" ) .(fleurons , .100-99 ,
177 2 ,1301 13.14-
178- ," ;120-118 ,71 , - , , .250
179- ,".146 ,
180 , ,':','-".
181 ' , .207-205
' , .74-73 ,
182 .174
, '.195-187 ,

145

 . ,
, , - .
) . 143( ) .
143( - ,
) . (144
,
) . (145
) . 146-(
,
.
,30 12/ ,1357 .
.
) 147( ) . 147(
" ,
,

183.

, -" ,
.
,4790 ,1322 .
,
. ,
, -

184.

) (2

-
.1300
-"185.

- "

186.

183 30 ,
146 195 , .
184 ,3214 1278 , -"
. .
185 ,- ' , ,55-52 , .122-105
186 ,.147-142 ,139 ,

146

""

187,

189.

188

"

190.

--
" . ,
, , ,

-"191.

- " .
, " ,
" . 3747 ,

, " .9

192,

" .

193.

, . "
,
.
, . :"
,
73 "

, . , ,
"

194.

" . "

187 ,- ' ,.122 ,120 ,116 ,114 ,109 ,108 ,

188 ,- ' ,.119-117 ,115 ,106 ,105 ,
189 ,- ' ,.121 ,
190
. '.
191 ,- ' , , ,111 " 1306
16 ,1300 .34-33 ,17
192 . - ,.
-
193 ' , , .53
" . , ;140-139 , , ; .15 ,

194 .22-20 ,

147

 -" ,
.

. ,

, -.
. /
) : (
" .

196.

195,

197.

-
,

198.

" ,
.
, ,

199.

,
.
- ,
, - , "

195 : " 1300 ,

2 .1306" 1300
'.
196 , ;200-197 , , , , ; , ; ,;
, ; , ;29-28 , ,- ' , ,15 ,
; ,; ,; - , ; - , ;
- , ; - , ; - ,"; ,/ ;218-207 ,
, .
197 ,.125 ,
198- ,".83-81 ,
199 .196

148

/200.

. , -
" - , ,

201.

. ,

"

202.

- , ,

,

203,

, .

204.

,
.
,

205,

,
. , ,
- . ,
,
-"

207

206.

.1301-1277 78/ "

, " , 1277
200- , ;118-115 ,95-91 ,64-83 ,- ,".145-118 ,84-71 ,61-51 ,
201 : , ; , ;74 ,- , ;78-77 ,- ,"-143 ,
.141" : , ;74 ,- , ,77 , ;68- ," ,207 , .28
202 , ;9-8 ,1 , , ;74 ,- ," ,207 , .28
" -" ,
/ -" .
203 , ; , .172 ,

204- , .95-64 , - , .
- , .

205 3.8 .
206 " , , "
, 13 . ' ' : : .
207 , ,135 , ;6 , ;33-32 ,- , ;79-78 ,72-64 ,- ,",
.124-118

149

 ) . (148"
" , 12 ,
1213/ . , ,1299
" , ,1301
.

208

8.4 - 3.8"

-209.

" 1 , .1383

210

, , ,
, ) . (154-149
, -
"211,

) . (174-155

212.

, , ,
. ,
, .
, .
, .
, ,
, .
, .
.

-" -" - ,
208 1112/ . " - ,
, .229-228
209 910- ,8.4 2526/ 3.8" 9,
25 25- . " ' ,.55 ,

210 34-.

211 : ' ,81 1396 , ; ' ,94

;1" , 34/; , ,H, G, F, B ;1336
, ;D-B , 213215 ,; ;180/59 , ,1528
78/; ,105 12/; ; ' ;3203 31 ,1404
23/4 ,; ,(1315-)1314 12/; " , 6; " , 34/;
" , 56/7 ,8/; ; " ,1382-1366-' ;184-182" , 78/; "
,1496 120121/; " " ,1383 ,
78/ . ' ' : : .
212 , ,135 , ;6 , ;33-32 ,- , ;83-73 ,- ,",137-124 ,
.143-141

150

 , , ,
213.

214.

, " '-'" : '

- : - -
-
" .
'" : --
" , "" : --
- "... , ,
, -"

215.

- , "
, ,

216.

',

.
-";

217.

, ,

-".
-
- . -
"

"218.

- ,

" " ,

219.

) ,155

213- ," .143-142 , - ' ':

: .123-113 ,

214 , , ,1314" .
215- , ;73 ,- ," ;127 , , .120-108 ,
216- ,".111 ,
217 ' .225-222 ,207-205 , : ,; ,
.
218 ,.75-74 ,
219 : ," , ' ,81" ,"
," ," , ,[1315-]1314" , ,31"
,105 2.1
, .
. 337
. 819
' , .

151

 (172-170 ,168 ,166-163 ,160-159 ,157- , "

" , ,

220.

) (162-161 ,158 ,156

, , .
.
, ,
" " ,
-

221.

-
, , .
,
. , ,
, .
,

222.

,
, .
.
.
"
,

223.

,
" -

224.

220 , , ,1528" ".

221 " " .1383 ,
, .
.
222- , ;75 ,- ,".143 ,
223 " ':'-" ,':'-' . - , ,
.30 ":"," ,"; ':' ,"; ':"; ':' .
- ,".126 ,124 ,
, .103 ,
224 ':' ":"
":' . 13 .

152


" ,

225.

" " ,

226.

"

" - . "

227.

) (148
,

, "

228.

) (149

) : ( .
.
,

229.

,
. ,
" . , ,
) . 132(175 ,
,
,
. ,
: , ;50 ,19-18 , , ;28 ,- , ;69- ,";124 ,
, .109-108 ,106-98 , ,2 " ,
,- .
225 -
.2001 .

. , ,
. ,
.
, , 7 ,8.4 .
' ' : :
" . .

' ' : .
226 21 1232 .1492
227 " - ,
. , 135 , ;6- , ;21 ,-
,".74-76 ,71 ,
228 1290 .1419 ' ' : .
." ,
,
/ .
229 . ' ' : .

153

230.

- .
.
, 8.4 )
( ,

/231.

, ;1325 , ,1336

232,

; " ; " ;

, (1315-)1314" ,

233.1382-1366

,1528
" ," ," "
,1383 ' 94" ) . (173 ,162 ,160-157
:
' 94 -" "

234.

31 , , ) .1404 (170
,
.

230 ' ,601 ,1275 ) (Huesca ,

, ) ( , .
- , .
, 293 , .1
. 1629 ,41 ,50 ,56 ,.
31 , ,1404 .
' 1 1266 ,
. , . -
, 130.

231 " 1 , ) 2 (12

.
232 ,
,
. , ,
, . "" ' 601

, ,1275 .
,
. .230 - ," ;131-125 ,84-61 ,- ,

;254-251 ,- , .201-199 ,194-192 ,

233 " .

234 ,- ' , ;41 ,- ,".145-144 ,89-88 ,
" " .
" , , / .
,
. , , ' 601,1275 ,
, , -
, . - ,".145-144 ,

154

 ,105 -

-"235.

) (167

.
' ,601 105
, ,
.
" " , ,1383 -
,31 ,
.
" , ,1390-1370" ,
-") . (168 ,165 ,162
. ,
,
, , ,

236.

-" .

237,

,
- .
. , ,
,
. ,
,1528"

238.31

) ,160 ,158 ,156

(170 ,1528" "

,

235 ,.137 ,
236" , "
. " , ,
. -" ,
" , , .
, .21
237 .
238 , ," ,"
" ," ," .(1315-)1314 " " "
, , .
, ;136 ,- , ;80-73 ,- ,".129-128 ,

155

239.

, 1528 31.
31 ,
. , , -
240.

" , 1112/ ,

241

" ,
,
, -" ,
,1325-1336 .
, 1325
242.

, , , ,

) . (157 ,149
,
, , ,
.

,1528 ," "

243.

) . (165 ,163 ,161 ,158

" - , .
" ,
239 " .
-" . - . , ;136 ,-
,".129-128 ,
240 , " " ,31 , .

, ,
. -" .
" ,1382-1366 ,)?(; " " ,1383 ,; 1 ;1384 ,
31 ;1404 , ,105)?(; " ,)?( )?( .

" , .
-.

241 15 , .
, ."
.
' , .168-167 ' , .224-223
242 , , ,1325 , .

, .
, . ,
. ,
. .
243 , 1528 , - -".
" - ,1380-1370" 1366 .1382- : ,;136 ,
, ;85 , ,.99 ,

156

 . , ,
".
,
, ,1325 .
," .
,173 .
) (155 ,142 ,30 "
.173 173
," , 173
.
, ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
,- " ,
, , ,
. ,
, -

244.

, "
.
11 , "
, 12.

245

"

-" ,
,

.
, ,
, ,
244 ' , .180 '.228-225 ,

245 ' ' : 1112/.

157

 , -"
-" / .
,

246.

. ,

247,

, ) (rota

248.

, ,
,
. -"

-"249.

,
250.

",

, -" .

-- "
, . ,

,

251.

,; ,.
246 ' , .
247 , - ;28 , , , 7 .258-242 ,230-221
248 , ;120 ,- ," ;90 ,47-46 , ,.252-248 ,
249 - ,
" .
-" ,
-" -" , .
" " , ; ,
, ; , , ,
, , , , , . " " .

. " , " .
,
, .18-14 , - ,"119-118 ,71 ,
250 ' , .207-205
251 ,
) (Almoravids -"-" .
,.101 ,

158


,
. -" ,

252.

"

.
-"
.
, -- "
.

" - ,
,"
. , , 1345 ,1346

" , .

254

253,

" - , , ,-
- " , ,"

- . -
,- , .1336-1330

255

, ,,

" . "
,
) (1346-1336 .
-" ,
,

256.

252 , .137-136

253 - 1345 1346 ,

.
:- , .317 ,
, .

254 .130-124
255 - 30- -" ,

1336-1330 . ,-.102-101 ,
256 . - ,
; - ," ;170 ,- , .49 , - ,
. - , .284 ,
,
- . - , ,

159

- ,
.
) ,(Thomas Glick
- ,

257.

258.

,
259.

,
, -" ,
, .1348
,

260.

"

, , , - ",

261.

,
. , . ,,
;139-138 , ;127 , , .
257 , .7-5 , ,
,
, . , .159-157 , ,
, , , -
. , .238-237 ,128 ,
258 ,.139 ,
259- , ;820-817 ,- ,.93-89 ,
260- , ;58 , , .127 ,

261 -.

160

, .
,

, . .
,
1. , "
" "
. ,
, ,"
.


.
,

2.

.

' : ' : .
' : .
.

' ,

3,

, .
4. , ,
1
,
.
2 6 ' , 97-96 .
3 ' , , .65-64
4 :- , ;234-231 , ,-233 ,
.222 ,3# 8 , ":'
"" "".

161

5.

.
,
""
, 6. ,
, " " . .
,
.
"" ) .(homoeoteleuton
" " :
, ,
. ""
)7.(homoearcton

5 ,
. 72#
":']" : [ " . 73#
":'" : ' ] [" . '" ,
" , . '
' , '.
" ,
. '" ,
" , "" :
" . '
: 9 , ,38#
":" " . " . 12 ,
) ,(10-9 ' , . 14 , 13-#
,12 ":' , ' .
' . 9394/ , , ,
"" , ":" , " ,".
: 12 , , ":' "",
, " " "".
5 , 5 ;40 ,33# 10
,39# , 123 , ,4# ' ,
"" " ," , ""
"" '" , " . , '
. ' ' : , '
' : : .47-46 ,
6 5 , ,19# ' ' : .
7 , ;226 , , 3-2 , .6

162

" .

8. : 14 ,
,

859.

,
, , .
, , "
" , ,

10.

":"" ,
' " , ":'" , ' ' " .
' " ,
. 13 ,
":'-" ,
.

2611.

.
"" ":'
""

":"12.

" .

38 ' ,
.

. 1 ,
" .
'" , " , "" ,
" .

8 ' ' : , 35 ,6 ,8 ,9 ,12 ,.

"" : ' ".
9 ' ' : , 14 .11-10#
10 " " , , 3 ,6 ,24 7 10 .1
11 ' ' : , 913 ,26 , ,
' : , .34 ,25 ,16
12":'" : "; ":"" :
" . 59 ,11 ,13 ,13 ,18 ,25 ,48 ,97 ,.

163

 ,
,

13.

- 7 ,
.
":'-" . 41# "
"" : " .
" " " " .
"" , ":'" : " .
,
"" : " . ,
. - ,
,
"" , .
,
,

14.

15.

, ,
,
, -

16.

, . ,
, ,
, ,

17.

13 26 ":" " , .
14 ' ' : , 1
,55# 2 ,2# 3 ,30# 5 ,73# 7 ,41# 9 ,15# 11 ,34#
12 ,14# 26 ,37# 32 ,6# 64 123 ,19-18# .4#
15 ,.8-7 ,
16 , - ;28 , ,
.18 ,13 ,
17 "" "-
"" , '" " ," ,"-"" , " ":' ,":" ,
" , "" ":"" , " "-" .
.198 ,165 ,152 ,150 ,147 ,

164

 -
, 5 . ":',
" ' ' " ,
) .(31# '
. ":']" ,
'[ " ) ,(34#
,
, .

18

9 , 9 .
, . ,
, .
, " , , ,
, , ,
.
" ,
" . , ,
"-" , " , " ,
.
, , .
, , , .
, ,
) . (176 ,
9 . ,
, ) . (177
,

19.

5 ,

, ,

18 ' ' : , ,8 31# .34#

19 ' : , .62-61

165

) (113 6 , ,
) . (43
,
,
.
3 , ) (58#
) ) .(87# (27 .
,
.
, .
3 , ) (3#
) ) ,(4# (28 7 ,
.

20,

, ,

.
, , " " , .
, - .
" .

21.

5,

. ,
, - " .
,
.

22.

23.

20 - , 231 , .24 , , 13.

21 1747 ,.
22- , 231 , ;25 , ;229-226 , , , 3
.6
23 ' , , .65-64

166

 -
" ,
"

24.

" ,

25.

" "

27,

-
26,

" "

" " ) :

( , /

28.

29.

30.

, , , ?

.
' ,',' ,

'31.

' , , ,
. ' .

, .
, .

24 ' , .224-223
25 ' .155-152 -
.2001 ' ' : ,
.

26 23 ,3 ,4 ,4 ,6 ,8 ,8 ,.
27 1010 ,11 ,12 ,13 ,13 ,14 ,.
28 79 ,9 ,.
29 - 88 , .
30 , .
,
, " . , ,
, ,
,
. ,
,
, 5 , 10 11) . .(209-208 ,204

, , .
' ' : , .
31 ' - . ' ' : .

167

 , .
,
,

32.

:Un tour de force "

"
.
,
, .
, ,
. ,

. ,
. , .
.
, ,
.
. ,
, ,

33.

, ,
. 3). (27
. )(mandorla
,
.
":' ,":" ," '-"
"" .
" : " . ""
':' , ) (58#
32 ' , , , .47-40
33 5 , .165 ,162

168

 ) .(87#
, ,
':'-' . ,
,

34.

,,

""

35.

- " -
,
36.

,"

"" ':' ) (89# " ""

":' , ) .(1# "" ,
) ,(87#" "" ) (1#
, . ,
- . , ,,
, ,
, .
,
, ,
.
,
. ,
,

37.

38.

34 '-':'; ":'-'.
35 ,
" . .
36 10 , ,
, . 3
"" , ,2#
"" , ,87# "" , ,7# "" ,
,93# " "" , ,6# " "" ,
.4#
37 .
38 3 ' ' : ,
' : , .3

169

 , ":" ,':'-'
.
'-':' -
,
, , ,

39.

""
. ,
,

, .
- "
- ,

40.

41,

" ,,
, 10 , 1
10) . 178-( -
,
) . (57
, , ,
,
,

42.

) 179-( ,
, 7 , 21#

39 ,
, . , 8 ,
, .
40 , 8 , , , ,
.
41 ) (10 ,3
42 13 , .8# "
":'" , " ,
, " . " 14 , .23#
- , 173 , .135-133

170

 ,32# " "" ":' "

"" ":') . (180
,
. 10,
,

) . 178(
, .
10 , ,
"" " " ) ':'(,
) .(12-11#
. , ,
"" )'( )

43,(4#

"-

" ) ,(2# ,

44.

,
, .
, " ,
,

45.

11 .
) 33-( 11
, " ," .
,
, 12 , "-"
.
43 , .
44 . ,
, .
, ,
. .
45 ' ' : : .13-11 ,

171

 ,
"" . 12 " -"
"" ':' " ""
":" . , ,

46.

, ,
6 .

/ , , .
4# "" "" ' ":" ,
. " - ,
. ,
, ,

47.

.
. "",
" ,
. , 19#
, / ,
. ,
20# , ,21#
.19# ""

"

48.

46 ' ' : .
9 , ,
, , 9
.
- ' , .
47 96-95# 3 , "" )
(81#"-" , " " , 10 )
.(3-2# 4 , " :39#" "" , 5 , :27#
"'" "" " :60#'" "".
48 5-1# 6 , ,
.

172

 ,
" ,

49.

5 , ,
.
, , 6
, .
.
.
, .
. ,
":"" , ' ] [" ,
, .
" ," , ,
"" .

50

.

,
. 7
,
" ," . ,
' ' " .
, .
"" , .
3 ,
;
1112/ ,
.

49 .2
50 83-82# 5 ' : . '
' : .8

173

51.

38 .
' ,
,
,
.
38 . ,
,
.
, .
"
, .
,

52.

.

53.

, ",
"-" , ,
: , .
,

54.

) (23

, 51-50# ,
49-48# , ) ,(7-8#
, , ":' ,
.9-8# 60 ,56# 61 ,57#- , ,
. . ,

51 '.
52 :"-" ," . ":'-" :
":'-' ,":" ,":".
53 '.
54 ' : , .47-45

174

 ":" ) (33-32# ,
, , .
.61-60#
":' ,59-58# 60# .
. ,
":" ":' ,'.

" " " -
,
-

56,

57.

55.

" ,

, , ,
.
":'-' ,":" ,":" " ,
" .
,
":'-' . ,
.
, , ,
, - "'
" .

58.

,
. ,

55 ' , .29-28
56 . 3.
57 3747 , , " .
.
58 ' .

175


. ,

,
, .
,

59.

5 ,

" ,
, .
":' , . "-" ,
" , " , .
, ,
. 10
,
. , ,
. , , ,
,

":'" :

" . ":"" : ",

. "" ,
; "" ,
':' '" :'
" . ,

60.

.
,
,

59 - ,
,
, 4 .
60 , , .

176

 .
.
2 ' "-":'-' ,
" " . ' " ",
5 . ' "
35 . , , ",
" 5 , ,
.
,

61.

: 13 , ,
" '
' " , 13 ,
, " " ,

62.

. 3435/
' ":'-"
34 , ':'-' , ,
35 . 35 , , ' ":'-"
"" , 37 47 " ,
73 " , ' " ,
" " , ' " ,
':'" : ...

"63.

64.

" , 37 47 ,
,

-"65.

61 '.
62 ' : , .26-25
' ' : .
'.
63 ' ' : .
' , .
64 '.
65 ' : .

177

"66.

" , ,
, , "
" , .
,
"" .
"-"67,

'68

69,

"70.

,
:
.1 .
.2
71.

.3 ,
, .
.4 ,

72.

73.

,
.
, ,
66 " ;292-221 , ,-.
67 59 ,9 ,11 ,13 ,13 ,16 , )(18 ,25 ,26/31 ,32/38 ,48 ,63 ,70 ,,
97.
68 33 , )(5 ,6 ,8 ,9 , )(12 , )(13 , )(14 ,34 ,,
3885 ,.
69 13 , )(3 ,4 , )(6 , )(7 ,10 ,11 ,16 ,36 ,64 ,79 ,.
70 :":' ,":" . 3 , 6 ,
8 , 9 , 14 , 85.
71 4 :5-7 ,8-10 ,11/12 ,13/ , 1011/

, / 1112/.
19 :20/25 ,26/31 ,32/34 ,35/75 ,76/93 ,94/.
72 .
73 : 1 ; 3; 5;
68 ,; 8; 9 9 , ;
10 , , 14.

178


. , 8 10- 6 ,
. ,
,
, .
, .

,

74.

,
, , , " " .
,
, , , 13 , ,
9 6 .
,
,
75.

5 , 5

" , ,.
,
,
. 3 .
,
":"-"76.

" ,

77.

78,

1 , " .

74 3 , 5 .
' , .155-152
75 ' , .
76 5.
77 7# ' ' : .
" " " . ":'" ,
' " , 49 ,13 ,97 , . 9 ":"
" , " " . " 513 ,18 ,97 , 38
' , , " .

179


. 11 ,
,
12 , .

79.

12 ,
11 .
, - ,
.

80.

, ,

81.

.
,
.
.
,

82.

. -
,/ ,
. 5 ,23#
"" ":' , " : '
" . 54 , ,19# ":',
" " ', "

"83,

65 , ,1# 93 , ,12# ""

78 9 , 9 .
'.
79 ' , .228-224
80 .25
81 .177 '.
82 .71
83 " " - ':'" : .
' . " . " ,
" " , ' , . 79 .

180

":' , " : '

" . 12 , "
"

":'

(3#

"

"

":'

.(5#

84.

, , , ,
;
. ,
,
,

685.

?
, .
13 , 2# , ":'
" :'

"86.

- ":'" : '
" . , ,
":' . ,
87.

":'" :'

" ,
" " , ":'

88.

":' , ,

, ,
84 7 , :11# " " ""
" "; 8 , ,47# , ":'
" " ""; 10 , ,42# ":' ""
" : "; 12 , ,14# " ""
, " . " ,
" "; 93 , ,6# "" ":' """ :
' ".
85 ' , .98-97
' , .265-263
86 ' : , ' ' :
, .24
87 ,.139 ,
88 . 13.

181

 , .

89.

, ,

90.

-
- "-"

491.

92.

, .
":"-"
" " ,

"93.

" , . " " ,

, "" "" ,
- .
, " " ) ":'(.
9 , , ,
.

":'" ,
][" , ":'" : ") . (181
" , ' " , ,
. '
. , ":'-":' ":'-' , .
. ":'-'
":',' . .
- ":' ,' ":' ,
89 , , 1 .2
90 ":'; ":'; ":'; ":'.
91 ":' . ' :
,8-7# ' ' : , 13.
92 "][" ,
" ." "][" ":' ,
, 5.
93 .77

182

 . ":' , , "" ,
'-' ,
, "" .
, "" .
,
'-' . ,
.
" ][ " . ,
, .
"'" , ,

94.

, "

, ,

95.

) (182

,
,
. ,
" , ,
. ,
, ,
,
.

.
,
.
94 "" 13 ":" ,
) (1# ) ,(2# ,
, 3 .
95 - ,.118 ,116-113 ,

183

 , "
, / 6 .
,

. , ,
- , -.
, ,
.
,

.
, ,
,
.
" , ,
, .
,
.
, ,

. " ,
, ,
" .

184

 :

" " ) ":"(.
" : , ,

"1.

.
,

2,

3.

,
-" ,

4.

5,
, ,
""
.

. ,

6.

, "" ) .(drolleries
) (Lilian Randall ) (Michael Camille
1 , ' , , . , ' " ; " ,
" .
2 ' : .
, , "
, ." .7
3 ,-; , ;57-56 ,- ,".117-92 ,
4 , ;430-426 , , .
' : .
5 , -" ,
. ,.67 ,
6 , .252-243 ,
' : .

185

 , 7.
) (Mary Caruthers ) (memoria

8.

) (Ad Herennium-
.
,
, , .
.
,

9.

.
, .
,
- - . ,
,
, -

10.

, ,

, " "
':" 11. ,
. ,
,

.

7 , ;20-3 , ,.32-31 ,26-20 ,

8 ,.260-259 ,3-1 ,
9 , , 7 .258-242 ,230-221 , .5 ,
10 , - ;28 , ,.18 ,13 ,
11 , .195-189 ,

186


" ,
.

12

13.

, .
,
.
, "" "" "" "",
.
,
.
,
, 1516/ ,
; 1718/ , ""
"" ; 3738/ ,
' . 38
.
4748/ "" ,
7576/ "" , 9394/
"".

""" ," "" , -
,"",

14

2930/

12 1718/19 ,20/29 ,30/31 ,32/34 ,35/35 ,36/37 ,38/,

4748/63 ,64/65 ,70 ,73 ,74/75 ,76/79 ,80/93 ,94/97 ,123 , .
1718/36 ,79 ,80/97 , . 3648 ,70 ,,
' ' :
7375 ,.
. ' .
13 1516/ . 2526/
. 38 , 85 .
14 ,
. ,
- , ,
. : ,
.709-708 ,

187

" " .

15

3132/

, 3435/ ' . 65,

70 73-74/ ; 7980/
" " , 85 .

1920/ , "" ,
. 2526/
' ' , .
3536/ "" " " ,
16,

. 6364/

"" , " "

17.

, . 97
,
.

18

. 97 , ,
.
123 ""
.

-
, "
,
.

19

,
,
.
15 , ,
30 : , .
16 ' , , .83
17 , .379 ,166 ,
18 , .381-380 ,
19 213 ,13 ,34 ,35/35 ,37 ,47 ,73 ,.

188

 "-" , "" ,
.
,-

20.

,
, ,
" , , .

21

, ,
"

"22.

?
" ".

.
"" , ,

23.

, ,

" , .

24

"
, " ".
" " ":' ,":" , "
":" . "" ,
, " , "
"25.

,
"-" : "" .

" 20 " "-" . , " ,"

.
" . 59 ,9 ,11 ,13 ,13 , . 1516 ,
)(18 ,25 ,26/31 ,32/38 ,48 ,63 ,70 ,97 ,.
21 " , ,"-".
22 - ' " " , -
. ,.
23 13 , )(3 ,4 , )(6 , )(7 ,10 ,,
11 . 1636 ,64 ,79 ,.
24 " . , ,":'.
25 .151-150 , " 36 ,8 ,9 , )(14 ,
85.

189

26.

' ,
"" : " " ,
.

27

. ,

,
, .
.

.
" ,
, , ,
, , .
' ' ,
, 1516/ 2526/ ) . (184-183
1516/ " "-":' ,"
"-" ,":' ,"-" . "
, "-" ,
" . .
" , , , , "
, " , ,
" ) ,(1235-1160 "

28.

, ,

.
,
.
2526/ .
" ' " ,
26 33 , )(5 ,6 ,8 ,9 , )(12 , )(13 , )(14 ,34 ,,
3885 , . , "
. 3035 ,38 ,64 ,.
27 .147 ,
28 " " . , ,":' . "
: , "
. " . '
.14-7 ,

190

"" " : " ,

" . " ""
" : " . " "
' "" :" , ":'-
".

29

" ":' , " "

'

"30.

31.

.
, - -
: , , .

1718/ , ,
' ) . (185 ,
" " " " ,
" , " . " '-':',
" " . " "-":"" :
][" . , , ,
,
" ,
.

32

. ,
.

33

2930/ ,
, " "
" ' ") . (186 ,

29 13.
30 " :".
31 19 :20/25 ,26/31 ,32/34 ,36/75 ,76/93 ,94/.
32 " , ':' ,':".
33 ) ( ,
, 350-347 ,Tree .28 ,Birds
.

191

 ,
.

34

70 97

) . 187-( 70
' " " , 97
" : '
'" , " " .
, ,
, ,
1516/ .
,
" " ,
.
, ,
, .
,
,
2526/ ,
. 70 , ' "
" " " .
-.
63 ,
) (188 , 64 , .
" : "
' , ":'-' " " ,
":' . " "
" ,
"" ,

"35.

" , " "

" . , "
34 "" 6570 ,97 ,123 ,.
35 .17

192

 , , 2930/ , .
, " ,
"

"36.

"

" , .
" " ,
,

37.

,
. "" ' "
" , " " 38. , ,
,
, . ,

, "
, .
65 "-":'" :
") . (189 " "
" " .
, ,

.

. , -
,
. "-".

39

9394/) . (190
, .
, .
93 " " )( " ,
94 ":"
36 , , ".
37 " . , , ":' ,'-'.
38" ':' " : " . " ",
, " " , .
39 , . "- " , - . ,- ,
:" ," ," ," ," ,"-" ,"-" ," ," ,"-" ,".

193

 ":"" : ".
" " ,
94 , " " . , ,
, .
" .

40

" 123) . (191

"-":' "" ,
" " , "'
... " .
" "" ,
" , " ,
,

41

. ,
, ,
.
2526/ , 1920/

42,

, , .

) (184 19 ":'-" "

" , 20
":'" :" . "
" " ' " " ".
' " , "'" " "
" ' " - " .
, -
,
43.
.

40 " , , " , ' ,'-'; ":'; ":'-".

41 " , , ".
42 .31
43 .39

194

 3132/) . (192
2526/ ,
.
, "
" ,

44,

"

" " . , , ,
2526/ , .
: , ,
.

45

7576/.

46

(193 " . " '-",47

" - " .
" "
" " . 77 ,
" ".

48

, ,
. "
-
- .

49

" 80) . (194

" " ."
"-":' ) ( .
" , " , "
" . "
7576/ , .

44 ' , , .80
45 " "-" , " " . ,
"-".
46 3435/ , .
47 .
48 , ;693-692 , , .381-380 ,171 ,150 ,
49 " . , ":'.

195

38 , '

-'50,

, .
" 38 ,
.

51

) (195 ,23

,
,
.

52,

":'-" ,

. ,
.

53

. "
, "-" ,
.
, - " . ,
, .

54

. ,

55.

" . ,
":"" , ",
":' ,":'-']" , [ :
: ' ' :
] [" , :
.

50 ' , ,29-28 ' , .175-174

51 "' ".
52 , .
3 . 3747 , ,
" . .
53 :":'-' ) '( ,":" ,":".
54 ,.
55 ' : , 38 2, 33-32# 57-56#
61-60# 38 .3, ' , .175-174

196

 , , :
.
85 "
.
,
.

56

) (72 "

" , .

57

, ,

. ,
, , "
" , , ' " . , ,
, .

. ,
, .
" , ,
, , "
" . " ,
" : " .

,
. ,
//
.

58

. ,
" . ,
.

56 ' , .139
57 ":' ,":" ,":'-' "" . "
":".
58 ' , " " ,
. ,
" " , "
. :' , ;150 ,58-57 ,6 , , .207-206 ,

197


"
.

59

.
, 3435/ , "
) . (196
, " . 34
" ,":'-' "" , 35
. :":",
":" ,":"-" , ' ":'-"
" ' " . "
" ' ":'-" ,
" , , " .
.
" ':'-'
"" .
.
, " " .
" , " "
' ":'-" ':'-" .-
, , .
" ,
, .
" " ",
.
' " " " ,
.

60

59 3435/35 ,37 ,47 ,73 , . ' ' :

.
60 ' , , .84-83 ,
326 , .175-174

198

 , .

61

, ,
,
. ,
, ' ,
,
.

62

3536/ , , "
' ":'-" "") . (197
" .

63

" : ,
" ,
.

64

"-

":' , " ,
, " ,
.

65

"-" -

, - .

66

, , ,
. " " ' ",
" ' " -
"" : ' " - .
" " ,
":'-" . ,
61
. " ,
.
62 - , ,.261 ,
63 ' " " " : '
" . , ' ":' , " ,,
":'.
64 , ")( ;137 ," , , , ":'; " " , '
.
65 .24
66 .39

199

 , ,
.
' "
" " " , ,

67

' ".

. ,
,
, . ,
, ,
.

68

7374/
" " " , 73 .
) 69. (198" " )"
(1103-1013 70,"
" , " :'
" )":"(" ,' " )":"(" ,'
" )':'(.
, "
" , . ",
" .

71

" , ,
, ,
72. , ,
?
67 .
. , .150 ,
68 , ":'.137-136 ,
69 , , .
70 . .
70 ' " , " " , ' " ,
':'" : " " " .
" . ' ' : , 73.
71 " , , ":" ,":" ,':'.
72 30 64.

200

 , ,
. ,
.
" . " ,
, .
.
3738/ ,
,

73

4748/

74

) (200-199 "

-
75, " , 37 -
47 , .
, ' , "
""76.

" -
" , " ,-
" , ".

77

. :
4/485 -" 821 -".

78

73 37 " " , ,
. " "
" " - . 38
"] [...' " , " "
"' ".
74 47 " " " " ,
48 , .
75 " . 38 "-":"
"" , 48 "-":" "" , .
76 ' : .
77 " " ,
. ,821 141 , "
" . , .674-673 , -
- .
78 ,4/485 1 , " " .
. 821 -
-" . ,
, . 821 -
. : " ;292-221 , ,-.

201

 ' , " ,
.

79

" , ' ) (1263-1200" ,

.

80

, "

, )" - 1250

81(1327

. " , "
) (Raymond Martini ) (Pugio Fidei
, -" , - - - .

. ,
" , ,
, ,
' " ,
82.1305
- "
" , ' 83.
,

84.

" " '

,

" 79 " " " . , , .56'

1325 . .840
80 " " " , , .
81 1303 " 1304 - "
. 1305 , .
82 : , ;286-275 ,21-9 , , ,307-305 ,303 ,171-168 ,
;314-310 , ;178-171 , , Adret, Slolomon ben
,Abraham .423-421 ,1 : , ;20-19 ,17 ,
, ;158-137 , , ;163-156 , , .
: , ;34 ,29-27 , ," ;571 , , , ,; , ,
, ,; , ;25-21 , , ".144-143 ,
: , , ,16; ,
;24 ,21 , ," .321 , :
,-; , 23 , ;57 , ".152-145 ,
83 , ,.
84 " ;292-221 , ,.

202

 - -
-" . "
,
,

85

, "

" .
" , ,
" .

86

3787

,-

, ,
, , -

88.

, " " ,
, " " ,
) -
( . , ,
, . "
" , , ,
"" ,
, , , ,
.
" "" , " ,
4748- " .
, ,

85 .
86 ) ,(1340-1255' ) -"
-"( ,' ) -"( ," )'
) ,(1330-1250' ) , .(1340-1283' )
-" -"( " .
," 104-98 , , ,Ibn Gaon, Shem Tov ben Abraham
;676 ,9 ,Ibn Shuaib, Joshua ;694 ,9 ,Issac ben Samuel of Acre ;48-47 ,10
,BaHya ben Asher ben HLava ;66-65 ,13 ,Sikili, Jacob ben Hananel ;575-574 ,18
,Yom Tov ben Abraham Ishbili ;392-391 ,21 . Shen Tov Ibn Gaon , .
' ,.318-314 ,
87 " , " " "
".
88 " ,-.

203

89

" ,,
,
90.
. "
" , .
"
, ,

. " , ,
, ,
, .
, ,
,
" .
.

91

, , "
,
.

, - ,
.
" ,
. " ,
" ,
133 , :
" ' " ' '
' "
89 , 165 , .97 "" ,
168 , .111-110
90 " ,-.
91
. , , . ,.83 ,

204

 : ) ( )(
.

92

" ,
.
,,
.
-'.
- " .

94

93

, ,

95.

, ,

96.

, , -" , ' ,
-" , , ,

"97.

: .

, "

"98.

99.

92 , "" 86 , ' , , .102-101

, , .
93 - - ) .(996-976
,- .81-77 ,
' ,
.19-18
94 , .85-84 , .103-102 :
95 - ,.
96 , .238 ,236-235 , ' , .143-142
97 ' , .145-142
98 , .
99 , .335 ,328 ,

205

" " , .

100

" . , ,

101.

1516/25 ,26/ ,

102.

) (184-183

, ,
, ' .
,
-" .
,
,

103.

, , -
- .

-" , ,
.

" ,
, " "
':".

104

':"" :

".

105

"

" ,
.

106

100 , . , .90 ,
, .219 ,178-176 ,
" ' " :
101 .33
...
. " .
" ,-.
102 ,
, ' , .127 ,120-119 , .22 ,
103 , ;340-336 , ,; ,.135 ,
104 .10
105 ".
106 ," , " , , .49 ,

206


"" , "" ,
, , , ,

107.

" ,
. ,
,
. ,
.

. ,
",

108

.
" .
" ,
, , , .
,

109.

) (212-201
110,

,
- .

111

107 , ;69 , ,.17 ,

108 " - ,".8 ,
109 : 12 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,9 ,9, ,12 , ,
, , ) 12 ,3 ,5 ,(.
) 45 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,8 ,10 ,( , )
310 ,11 ,13 ,13 ,14/( , ) 1011 ,13 ,(
) 11.(12/
110 , ,

. ' , -157
.148 ,; , ; , ; ,
;36-28 , ,- ' ,; ,; ,; -
, ; - , ; - , ;118-115 ,95-91 ,83-64 ,-
," ;147-118 ,99-97 ,91-76 , ,/ .218-207 ,
111 :- , ;20 ,
- , , 18; ' , ;79-78 , , ,";
, .29-27 ,21-19 , -
. - , .82-79 ,
,.

207

 1213/ .
, ,
, . ,
.

112

"".
, ' ,
, .
, ,

113.

, - ,

114

, ,
, .
"
.

115

9 ,

116

, ,
'117.

.
, .

118

) (92

,
-
.

119

112 - , ;21-20 ,- , .87-78 ,

113 .31
114 4 :5-7 ,8-10 ,11/12 ,13/ .
1011/ , / - -
1112/ . ,- .
115 ' ' : .
116 ' , 121-118 , .23-21 ,
117 ' 129-123 , , .
118 - .
119"" . , , '
;256-245 ,230 , .290-275 ,

208

 -" -" "

"120.

) (213

"
" " " ,

.
.

, -

121.

. ,
, , , ,
, , .
, -" ,
-
.
, " , , , ,

"122.

123.

,
" " , ?
-"
,

120 . ,91-90 ,
.129 -,
;47-46 ,- ;18 ,14-10 ,6 ,- , ; , . ,
.264-263 ,
121- , 29 , ;42 ,31 , .104-103 ,82-45 ,
) (Transubstantiation -" . ,
.139 , - , .83-82 ,72-70 ,
122- , ;44 ,42-41 ,37-35 ,24 , , ;69-68 , , ;159-158 , , ,
;158-137 , ;163-131 ,76 , , ;114-98 ,- , ;5-4 , ,
;20-17 , , , ' .170-122 ,90-71 , "
" ," " , ' .
123 , ;87 ,59-58 ,- , ;821-816 ,- , .227-226 ,

209

- . : ,
. , ,
.

124

. 1306
, ,
"

125.

, ,
' " -"
-".

126

.
- , - ,
, -"
.
, "
,

127.

128.

. , ,
.
,

129.

,
-.
" "
" . "

124 ," ;40-37 ,29 , , ;228-227 , , ;301 , , ,

.146
125 , ;309 ,303-301 , , .234-233 ,
. . , -243 ,239 ,
.242
126 , .110-104 ,92 ,85-79 ,72-70 ,
127- , ;88 ,- , .
128- ,; - , .
129- , ;191-189 ,179-177 ,.94-93 ,

210

 , .
, , ,

130.

, -

131.

,- , :
,

)132.(Synagoga

-,

, ) .(la somme le roi

1279- ) ,(Lorens D'Orlans
. ,

133.

: , , ,,
,
134.

135.

,

,

136

137.

130- , ;118-115 ,82 ,70-68 ,- , .20 ,

131 ,78 , .III13
132 , " , -
, . , -264 ,49 ,
.277 ,263
133 , ;xxix-xxvii ,xiii , ,.20-16 ,14 ,
134 -" . , 286d , .E
135 - , .42-41 ,
, .205-204 ,
136 , ;243-242 ,156-131 ,76 , , ;49 , , , ' ;100-94 ,,
.250-249 ,245-242 ,
137 - ,
. , ,
, . - ,
1326 , ,
- .
, . ,
;162 , , ;589 ,- , ;125 , , ;85 ,
, .241-239 ,

211

- ' ,28162 ,
, ) (Moubuisson 1300-
138.1290

5 ,

) . (214
"-" ) (Humility ,
. ,
, .
- ,
""

)139.(Prudence

""

. - ,
- ,
) ,(hypocrite .

) - (Psychomachia
, - ) (Prudentius .

.
-"
,

140.

' ,28162
- , "
, . ,

.-
, , , "
" ).(Eight Beatitudes

141

138 - .
. , ;120-115 ,,
.20 , ' .938-
74.
139 , , ) ,289 (stag ) .232-231 (palm -
"" - 97 .
-" .
, , .
140 , ;562-561 , , ;73 , ,.91-88 ,
141 , 52a , .94 ,A

212

 ,
.

, "-"

) (Temperance-Chastity , .
"" - "" ) (meekness
- . -
.

142

,
, .

143

, ,
. " .
,

144.

- "
, "
, .
.
- , .
, "
. ,

145

"

142 , 123 , 124 ;20-1 125 ;35-32 126 ;28-25 ,21-11 ,4-1 128 ;7-3
130 ;29-26 140 ;29-14 ,2-1 .6-5 , ;94-93 , ,
" : " )" ,(Eight Beatitudes " ) (Holy Ghost ,6
)" (Gifts of-" )" ,(Humility" )" ,(Prudence" ).(Temperance
143 ) (taper , ' ,54180 ,
. : ' ,938
74; ' ,970 89; ' ' ,B9 198 . ,571 40,
, ) . .(219-215
, -
- .
, .77-76 , -
- " " ) ,(Meditationes vitae Christi
-" . " " ) Virgin of the
(Humility -" . , .7 ,2-1 ,
, .xxiii-xxi , , ; -,
.125-124 , , .172-171 ,
144 , , ' ,- , ,- , ' ,; , ;171 ,91-89 ,
,".17 ,
145 ' 54180 . ,
':'" :
" , " , . ,,98-95 ,
.156

213

 ,
. " " ).(Verus Israel
,
" .
,
,

146

"
. -

, , -

147.

-
. ' , ,
-
" , .

148

, 156

. , ',
,

149.

106-( -
- .
,

150.

146 ,.28 ,
147- , ;458 ,- , ;821 ,816 ,- , .169-165 ,

- , . , .243-229 ,
148 ' , .129-123
149 ' , ) .126 106-(
150 , .74 , .
' , ' ,
. . ,
. , -" .
' , .
" , , ,
- ' , . ,
;446 ,221 , , ; - , ; ,";110 ,102 ,
, ,Aboab, Isaac I ,267-266 ,1 Al-Nakawa, Israel ben
,Yoseph .686 ,1

214

 ,
" , -.

151

.
152.

153.

, ,
.

154

" , ,
, -

"155.

,
, - " "
,

-156.

, , .
,

158.

157

,
. , ,

159.

, ,

"" . "
151 ' , .125-124
152 , ;196 , , .274-197 , 223.
153 49 S . .
) (100 , .288 ,
154 : ":'-" . : ":"-"; ":'-" "" . : ":"
"" ":' " ][" . , : ":' ""
":' " "; ":" " " "" .
' ' : . 10
' : 10.1,
155 : " ," ," ," ,":'-' "" . '
10 ' :
':
10 .2, : , ")'( ,303 ,
")'( ,343 , ")"( ,356 , ")'( ,202 , ")'-'( .233-231 ,
-' -" .

, -" -"
" . , .204-202 ,183 , " " ":"
.
.
156 " . , , " , ".
157 , 134-105 , .121-117
158
, , . ,,
.66
. , ;101 ,- , ;458 ,-,
;821 ,816 ,- ,.
159
)810-14 ,( . ' , .179-178

215

 , . -
":'" : ] [",
: " " . ,
, , -

-160.

, ,
.
. ":":
" ' " .
, " " .
, ,
.

161

"" . , ,
" ," " , "" .
' ':'" :' " .
, , - ,
. ,
,
,

162.

" ".

163

"
.
,
. ':'" , -" , "
,

164

165

160 ,")( ;344 , ; ' -234 ,

;233 , )( "; " , " ".
161 , "; ")'( ;295-294 , , ':' , .
" . .
162- , ;42 , , ;159-158 , ,.596 ,
163 " ,- ." " , ." . ,
.157-149 ,145-143 ,
164 , "; , ; , , ;
165 , " ;1: ," ;1: " ,9;: ".12:

216

" " , ,
.
. ,
, , 10,
) . (220 ,
- "" , " "
.

166

, 14 ,

. ) . (221
, , .
, " ",

. ,
,
" .
,
.

167

" .
.

168

: , .

169

,
, .
,
.
.
" 9" , ,
. ,
166 , .38 ,
167 - : ,,59-58 ,
;87 , ;163 ,- , ;2 ,- , .53-51 ,
- , ;151 ,,
;44 , .144-143 ,
168 , .89-90 ,
169 : , ; , ; ,
; , .

217

 , "
" , .
, ?
",
.
,
" ,
"" .
, " ,
.

170

"

,
".

171

- ,
.

172

173

,
-' , . ,
.

174

- .
,
- ":"-"

170 ":" , ;
':'-'; ':"; "; ':' ,"-"; , )( , )(;
, )( , )( . ,.224-219 ,
171 , )( , "
. , ' ,.
172 , , -' "
. .
.
" .
. , ;186 ,183 ,174-173 ,- , ;386 ,384 ,69 ,-,
, ) (Amphore ;1703 ,12 ) (Vigne, Vignoble .3113 ,15.2
173 , ;132-131 ,110-109 ,66 ,- , .71 ,
, , ' ;199 , , .304 ,
,
. ,
.
174 , ;96-95 ,- ,.386 ,

218

 , .

175

, "

,
.

176

- -
- . , ,
, .
, -
"

"177.

,
"".

-' -' .
-"
-" ,
, 1356.

178

) 120-222 ,-(

" " .
, .
,

,
, ,

179.

180.

181.

175 , ;159-158 ,- ,.71 ,

176 , )( . ,
. - ,
, . ,
. , -'-' .
" .
177- , ;21-10 ,- ," ;161-151 ,137-132 ,70-67 ,- , -247 ,
.246 ' , .132-131
178 - , .88-71 ,
179 , .122-117 ,
180 , .198-197 ,
181 , .301 ,68-67 ,

219

182,

183.

,
.
, ,
.
9 " ,
.
,
184.

, , ,
, " ,
, .

185

, ,
. , ,
.

186

187.

,
,
.

188

"-" ,
.

189

, " ,
, .
, .

190

182 .214-123
183 , .284-283 ,
184 9 "-":'-" ,'-' " " , 9
" ," ,":'-" " " . ":'-
',',' . , " ,"-":' "
".
185 " , ,"-".
186 ' .190-188
187 ' .197 ,190-189
188 "- "; , .
189 , , "".207 ,
190 , , ' ,-.

220

 .
, .
":'-'" : :
"

191.

":'" :
][" ":'" : " .
" ][ ".
,

193

192

, , , ,
, .
)(:
"
" " ".

9 , ,
.
,
. , ,
,
:
. , ,
.

194

,
. -
, " -
.

195

191 ' : , 9 .10#

192 " , ' " , , .
.
' , .183-182
193 9 " " ,
9 " " ,
. ' : , 99 ,.
194 , ;291-283 , , , ' ,; ,".356-354 ,
195 , .90-89 ,

221

 ,
, , "
,

196

"

, ,.
,
" 1112/) . (210

197.

" , -
198.

" ,
,

199.

200,

. " , 78/,

, 213215 ,.

202

201

) (155 ,148

.
" , 1213/) . (149

':' ":" ":' . 13
" :

196 ' , , .44-43

197 ' , .158-146 : , ;200-197 , ,;
, ; , ; ,; , ; , ;29-28 ,,
- ' , 15 , ; ,; ,
; - , ; - , ,- , ; - ,";
,/ .
198 ' : , 1112/.
199 ' ,
.155-152
200- ,".126 ,124 ,
201 2668 ':'-" ,':'-' . - ,
, .30
202 ":"," ,"; ':' ,"; ':"; ':' .
, ) .103 , (155

222

 :".

203

,
,
.
" , 1213/ ," , 1112/ ,
, "
" " - , " " .
,
.
, ,
.
, 213 215- , -
, .
. 215
""; " - " , -
" ",

"" , - """ ,"

" " .
""" , " , """ ,"

" " .

204.

"" ' " "

205.

, ," "

.
" 1112/ .
, " .

203" " ." 115 . :

, ;50 ,19-18 , , ;28 ,- , ;69 ,- ,".124 ,
204 "" : " , /" :
][
" , "" :
" . , , ' ,.
" 205 " . , .170 ,

223

206.

, . -
,
,
, .
,
.

207

, 12 68-67 X 98-96-" .
. ,
120 x 91
" ,

208.

209.

' ,- ,
, .
,
, .
,
15 ,11 ,12/
.

,
.
, " ,
206 15 ,.
207 ' ' : : .
208 . . '
' : : .
209 7 , .
, . 10
" " , ,14
. , 10
. ,.71 ,

224

 . ,
, " ,
" .

210

11 , 12 .
,
- .
,
,
10 . , ,
,
. 12
,

211.

' , "
. ,
, . 12 ,
, .

212

" ,
. - -
,
) . (149
" . ,
,
, ") . (160 ,156
, " ,
--

" . , " ",

) . 137 ,2- (191 ,
" ,
210 ' ' : 1112 ,.
211 ' , ,
.181-176
212 " ' , .158-148

225


, ,
.

, - ,
, , , " /
910/) , (208 ,92 4
7213.

) (206 ,203 ,103-102 ,100-99

" 4 - . ,
" " ) ,(Tree of Jesse
, .
. .

214

(223 " 12 ,
.
" ,
- , ,

".

215

, .
- .
, , .
,
.

216

-" ,
.

217

-" .
213 ' , .133-132 ,125
214 .
, . .226-224
215 , ",
.
. ,
-.
216- , ;46-44 ,- , ;24-22 , , , "" ) (Aaron
) ,(1 "" ) ;14 ,(Almond , , "" " " ) flowers
.182 (and fruit
217- , .189-187 ,

226

 ) ,(Marian Cult .

218

, ,
,
,
.

219

, ,

. ,
-
.

220

.
,
,
.

221

9 ,

.

222

, , ,
" , ,
"
.
, ,
-
, .

218 , .18 , .
) ,(Cantigas de Santa Maria
) (Alfonso X -" . ,
.
219- , ;24-23 ,- , ;46-44 , - , ';166-163 ,
, .149 , " , " ,' ,1:' ,16-14:'-' ,'.26-1:
220- , ;118-115 ,- ," .116-115 , , ';
, , .
221 , .243-238 ,
" " . , .304-303 ,
.137
222 .121

227

 , .

223

" ,
" "
.

224

, ,
, .
-
" , "
- . " ,
',

225

,- .
12 "-":' ,
" ,
, .
, ' ,
-" . , ,
, ,

226.

""

,
. , ,
, , , ,
.

. ,
"
,

227

223 , , ,":' ,":' . ,/

.210-209 ,
224 , " , " ".
225 ' , .127
226 ,; ,.
227 , .34

228

 ,
.

- .
-' ,
.

228

"

.
, ,- .
.
1011/ , ,
) . (209
. ,
, " ,
. ,
, ,

229.

" .
, .
,
. " ," ,
.
, .
,
." ,
. .
11 .
- .

230

,
228 , . "
" . , .32 ,
229 .115
230 , , ).250 ,(Partridge

229

231

, 119,
- , 166 , ) ,
111 ,(227 , " .
,
. ,
.

232

- ,
" .
,
:"-':' "" , - , '
" ,
':'-':" " " . ,
,
, "
.

233

234.

,
.

235

"

, , "
, ":'
".

236

":' , , "

231 , - ) (Gabriel Turell ,1471

-"-" . : ) (II ) .(V
232 , , "" ) ,85 ,(Dove "" ) .250 ,(Parakeet
) (Waldensian Bestiary -" . , .121 ,
,.46-45 ,42-41 ,
233 " ' .
, ,'.
234 " ":' ,":' ," ," ,":'-' ,'-' ,"-" "",
" ":" """ " , "-
":" "" . " ",
":' . ' : ' : ,
1011/.
235 " ":' " , "
" , - ".
236 " , ,":' .
" , .

230

 , .

237

, .
, "
.

238

239

, " " .
1112/
, "
, .
".
,
" 35 , .

, ",
.
, .

240

) .(Centaur
,
) . (229-228
) (Satyr ,
,

- . -
) . (230 "
- .
, ,
.

241

) (bestiary

237 " , ,":' ,

" , ".
238 , , ' ,.
239 , " )' ' 1160-1080(
":".
240 , .63 ,
241 , , ).40 ,(Centaur

231

 ) (St. Eustachius ) (St. Hubert

.

242

.
, .
,
,
.

243

, ,

, . -
, ,
.
" '-' ,':','- ,
'-':'

""244.

" , '-'

. '-' ,
,
".

245

.
, ,
" .
, , ,
" .
" " -
. ?
10 "-" -
- .

246

242 , .54 , .228

243 , , ).117-116 ,(Twins
244 ' : ' : , 10.
245 .235
246 , ;28-27 , , ;145-144 , ," .145 ,
, ':"; , ':" , "
':" .

232

247

, )( ,

,- .
,
, " . ,
" " .
,
. .
, - .
.

248

,
" , " ".

249

, " ,
" " " ":" , ""
".

250

" .
,
, .

251

) 231-( ,
, ,
-.
,
- .
, ":
247 - , . ,"-366 ,
;365 ," .146-144 , , '
-.
248 , .
249 " "; " ' " " ";
" , ".
250 " ":" " :
" . , ":" ."
" " ' ':' . ,
, ".
251 " , 7 , 1277" ,
11 , .1301"
." . ,
,
.

233

 7 , 10 9 ,

) . (96-95 ,92 "

, ,
. ,
, ' ,

252.

) 232-(

, , "
/ - - .
-
",

253

" , '

" , ".

254

"

, " " .

255

"
" . , ,
" " , -.

256

-
" ," .

257

" )'
:(1198-1120
" ...
.

252- , ;68-67 , , ;187-170 , , ; ,;

, ;311-306 , ,- .106 , ' , .130-123
253 ,839 210 . ,
. , " , ' ,267 ,
" " " . " , Issac ben
,Todros of Barcelona .50 ,10
254 ' . , .146 ,
255 " " " .
37 . ' ' : , 37
.3-2 # , . ,".366 ,
256 , )(.529-528 ,
257 , ;151-144 , , ;67-60 , ,.30-27 ,

234

"258.

,
, .
1011/ ,
. ,
, 10 - ,
, ,
.

259

, , - ,
. ,
, .

, - " .
, ,
, ,
" " , ,
.

260

, .

261

.
" - ,
,
. , ,
, - -
. ,
, - -

258 , ;151-146 , , ;69-59 , ,-30 ,

.28 , ;27 , ,
.196-191 ,138-127 ,
259 , .82-76 ,
260 .232
261 , ;217-216 ,99 ,93 ,69-60 , , ;210-209 ,180-178 ,151-144 , ,
;90-89 , ," ;366-359 ,356-354 , , ;284-283 , , , ',
; ,".146-144 ,

235

 , .

262

, ,
, "
.

263

, , -
,

264.

- ".

265

, " ,
,"
. ,
" - , - ' ,
".

266

,
, - .
" ,
, ,
" .

267

"
. ,
,
, -

.
, -
/ - " . , ,
.

268

262 .260 ,194

263 .228-223
264 , .128 ,9 ,
265 ,.67 ,
266 78- . ' ,
;193-167 , , ;226 ,213 , ," ;110 ,102 , , ,
. 54-50 ,11-9
267 ".
268 ,".239 ,

236

 , - ,
,
- , , .

269

,
.
,
, - .
,
.
" , 12/) ,
(201 "
. .
. .
,
- . ,
. , .
" , ,
,
.

270

" , ,
, , . ,
, ,
. .
, .
,
.
" , .

271

.
269- , .
270 .207
271 . ,
. , - .

237

 , ,
, -".

-".

272

) (233

-' " ,
.

273

, , ,
-"-".
-"-".

274

" ,
.
" , .
,
, .

275

,
. ,

""

276

),(harpy

, .

277

.
' , .1319
, -
- ) . (234
' ,

, ,
.
272' ,.56-29 ,
273' ,.110 ,44 ,
274' ,.111-107 ,
275 , ,".
276 , .28-21 ,2-1 ,
277 , , "" ) .133 ,(Griffin , , "" ) .66 ,(Dragon
.68-67

238

) (Mortara Ottolenghi ,
.
, , .

278

".
,9 ,1287
) . (235 1
. -
. -
, .

, .

279

, , -
.

280

. ,
. - ,
9 .

281

, 12/
" , .

282

, ,-
,

278 , .128-126 , , ,
,
. , -.
, ;70-66 , , ;331-330 ,325-323 , , , "" ),(Griffin
;133 , , "" ).88-87 ,(Griffin
279 ,.218-217 ,
280 , 56 , .8 ,
.60-58 , , .105-103 ,
281 , ' ,-.
282 -" ,
' . ,
. ,
" .
' , -" -" -"
. " .
, ; ,-;68-66 ,61-59 ,
- , .125-123 , ' " ,
".104 ,

239

 . , , " ?
".
. ,
,
-' , -" -",

2283.

) (238-236

-'-'). 240-
(239 ,
2 " , ,
, -" ,
-" ) . (242-241 ,237 ,
, , ) (taifa ,
, ,
.
, ' ,
.

284

" .
,
, .

, ) . 125(243 ,236 ,
,
, . " , ,
, .

285

. , ,
, .

286

283 , .238 ,236-235 , 207-205 ' , .143-142

284 ' , .133-131

285 .278
286 . , .90 ,
, .219 ;178-176 ,
.33

240


" ,
. ' , .

287.

" " , "" -

288

.
.
,
. ,
.

289

" ,

.
, , .-
"-":' .
":'-' "" ,
"

290.

, " ,
.

291

" , ,

.
.

292

",

" ".

293

" ,
, , ,
.

, .
287 ':' ,
.
288" , ' ':"; , ':' ,- . ,";286 ,
,".124-123 ,
289 , ;199-194 , ," ;286 , , , ' ,-; ,",
;265 ,.137 ,
290 ":'" :" .
" , .
291 .24
292 , ,".
293 .

241

294

, ,

.
" " ,
. ,
. ,
.
' " ,
- ' ":-' "
" . " ,
5 . ,
,

295.

10 ,

296.

" ,

" . " , ' "
.
" , ,
, ,

297.

, ":"-" "".
,
, .
"
,

294" , ' ':" . ,".259-256 ,

295 " " " : '
" . , " ":' , " ,,
":'.
296 217-216 ' , .176-168
297 , ' " . " : , ":'.

242

298

,
- , " " .
1011/ ,
- -.

299

, ,
, .
. ,
, ,
. ""
.

300

-,

,
.

301

" "

, ,
. .
/ ,
.
" .
, 1 ) .9

(234 - 11 "
, 2
11 . , 1011/ -
.

302

, ,
.
12/ ,
298" , ' ':" . ,".265 ,259-256 ,
299 .236-232
300 , ;203-201 ,181-180 ,169 , ;265 ,259-258 ,248 ,125-123 , ,
, ' ,-.
301 , , ' ,-.
302 .302

243

 , ,
.

303

.
, 2 - -
, ,
. 11 ,
.- ,
,
".

304

,
, .
" , 23/ , ,
3 . "
. , :
" 2"

305.

, .
3 , ,
) (mandorla ) (lily ) . (202
.
,
,
.
,
. ,
- - .
. ,
, .

303 ," ;248 ;183-182 , ,".228-227 ,

304 .237-235
305 ,
. .
: , .

244

 ,
.
) Maestas

,(Domini .
"" .

306

,
) . 244-( -',
,
, ) (Ravena
) (San. Apollinare Nuovo

-'307.

) (245,

, ,

.

308

, ,
.
,
-' ,

309.

, -
" , .
- . 14
, 147
) . (247-246
,
,
,

910/ ,

306 , ':'-';
':"-" , ' ,2:" ,6-1:' ,11:" ,6-3:".1:
307 , , ).295 ,(Maestas Domini
308 , , ) ;300,(Mandorla ,.204-203 ,
309 , , )296-295 ,(Maestas Domini

245

 , .
, ,
.

310

.
, ,
.

311

, "-"

,
.

312

313.

,
.

314

, ,

, ,
.

"

. ,
,
.
. ":"-",
.
" , " '" ,

315.

, , , - "
.

316

310" , , - .
, " ,
" . ,".239 ,
311 ":" .
, - "
":" ,":' ,":' ,":' . '-':' .
':'-' "" ":" ,':'-' .
":'-' . ':' : "" ,
':','-' ,':' . "-":' " ".
312 .190
313 , ;174 ,100-98 ,40-39 , , ;161-153 ,138-129 , ,.133-99 ,

314 .311
315 "'" . ' ' :
, 3 ,7# ' : .
316 ,".361 ,

246

 .
, - .

317

,
.

318

- , , , ,

, .
; ,

"319.

,
.
.
" ) ' (,
, " " ' ) (lliri
.

320

" ,

" ".

321

- ,
, .

322

, -,

, "" ,
.

323

, , :
.1 .
.2

,
, , .

.3 , .

324

317 ," .184 , ," ,317 , , .288 ,

318 ,".364-362 ,
319 , , ' ,- , ,- , ' ,; , ;171 ,91-89 ,
," ;186-183 , ," ;362 , , .290 ,
320 " , ' .
321 " , , " ,; , ' , .
37 . ' : ' : .
. " , , " ,.
322 , , ' , ,; , .157 ,
323 302 .240-238
324 , , ' ,-.

247

 ,
, - , .
,
) (trompe l'oeil
14 , - "
.

325

, ,

, ,
,
.
, ,
' . " "
" " ,
" " .

326

. ,
, ':' , "" , ' ,
':','-'; ':' . ,
, ':'-'" :
: " .
.

327

, -
.

328

,"" . ,
.

329

, ,
325 , " ." ,
, ,
) (trompe l'oeil ) . (212
326 , ':' ,-.
" 327 ... ' "
' ," ' ,"
,"
" . ," , .
" , , -" . ,",98 ,
.112-111
328 , ' ; , ' .
329 ":' , " ,- .
" -"-" . ,".112-111 ,

248

 .
: "-" "" "-"
" " , ,
, .

330

, ,
.

331

, ,

" 9) . .(153
, ,
, ,
.
- '-" " -
- ' - -
" ".

332

, ':',

, ' " )
( .

333

, :
, ,
, , .
,
. ,
.
, ,
" " , .

334

,

.

335

" .

336

330 , ;178 , , .287-286 , '

: , 3 .6-5#
331 , , ' ,.
332 , "" ,.
333 .329
334 , , ' ,-; , .301 ,
335 ":" ,":' ' "",
"" ".

249

- " , .

337

,
) . (247-244
,
, .

338

, , " " ,
. ,
, .
, , ,
,
, .

339

,
" " .
.
912- , .
, , " ,
.
, , ,
- , , ,
.
, " "
- . , ,
, - .

.
, -.
,
.
336 , .585 ,
337 ," 277 , .404
338 , ;197 ,179 , , .279 ,
339 , .180-178 ,

250


" , ,
.

340

, . "
.

341

,
, , , .
,
.
. ),(vigilance
-
.

343

342.

344.

, " ",

345

. "
.
,

,
, .
,
, " ,
-- " , .

346

340 , ;201 ,180-178 ,169 ,158-157 , , ;99 , ,",318-317 ,287 ,253 ,

.402-392
341 ," 278 , .409
342 , "" ) ;322-321 ,(Crane , "" ).66 ,(Crane
343 , , "" ) ;315 ,(Stork , , "" ).163-161 ,(Stork
344 , " , ; "
":'; ) ":'( .694-693 , ' ,
, ' .
, ' , ':'-' .385 , "
" , " " . , "-" .
,".282-276 ,
345 ' " ".
346 ,".234-232 ,190 ,186 ,

251


. ,
.
, "
, 34/ ,
45/ . , ,

347.

.
, 4 5 .
3) . (204-203
3 , ,
, , ,
. .
,
. ,
: , , ,
.
.

348

--
. ---
, .

349

,
. " ,
, .
" , :
.

347 .115
348 , ;82 , , ;321-323 , ,.66 ,
349 , ;82-70 , , ;328-319 , , .72 ,70-68 ,
;134 , , , "" ).68-67 ,(Dragon

252

 ,
.

350

, , ,
. :
" ,"-" ' " " ,
, , " ,
, .

351

" " ,
, .

352

"

, .

353

,

. ,
,
,
. ,
, "-":' "" ,
, ,
.

354

,
.

355

, ,
, , ,

350 , ;201-200 ,197 , ," ;234-232 ,186 ,182 , ," ;228-227 ,,

;301-300 ,297 ,295 ,291-290 ,199-193 , , , ' ,- ,- , ,;
,.111 ,
351 .189
352 .193
353 " . , ,":' .
. , , ' ,.
354 .190-189
355 , ;88 , ,.335-330 ,

253


.
4 , ,
, , .
.
. , .
, , ,
. , ,
. , .
,
.
45/ ,
, ) . (204
4
.
, -
. - , ,
. , ,
.
,
. .
,
,
. ,
. ,
. .
" , 5 ,
, .
, . ,
. , . ,
. , .

254

 , .
, ,
. , .
,
.
, .
, ,
, ,
" ".

356

, ,
- .

357

, , . ' ,
, ,

358.

, 4 /
) . (203 ,
.

359

.
, .
- , .

360

,
, - .
,
.

356 ' , .139-130

357 .
- , ;20 , - , ,
18; ' , ;79-78 ,- , , , " . -
. - , .82-79 ,
,.
358 ' , .137-136 ,134
359 ,
" , .
360 , ;313-312 , , , ' , ,-.

255

 ,
. " . '-
" "" , - " " ,
"-"

""361.

, , ,
.

362

' , " ,

,
.
" " ,:
"' ' ' , ' ,
' , ' , . ".

363

, " "
" ". , " ,

.
, .

364

,
. ,
, .

365

.
" " ,
, . /
, .

366

) (124

,
, ,

361 ' ' : , 4.

362 " . , ":'.
363 , .466-465 ,
364 , , "" ) ;309 ,(Stag , , "" ) .95-94 ,(hart
"" ) .(Prudence , , "" ).289 (stag
365 .357
366 .358

256

 , . 8,
,
: ) . (207

:"" : " ,
. ,
,
.
. , , ,
. ,
, . "
, . , .

367

" ,
.
,
.

368

'

, :
" ... ,
,
, ".

369

, ,
. ,
, .,
,
) ,( , ,
' .

370

3,

,
367 , .78-76 ,60-57 ,54-49 ,
368 , ":" ,; , " , ' ,-,
" , ' ,-; ,"
,.
369 , , ' ,-.
370 "" , ""
. , , ' , , , ,.

257

371

, , ,

;
.

372

34/ , , ,
: ,
-
.

373

,
, . ,
"-":' "" , . ,
,
45/,

374

, , , " ,

375

- ,

, - ' - '
, .
, ,
.

376

. ,
" , ,
" ,
. -
,
, , .
, .

377

371 , , ' ,.
372 , .207-206 ,199-193 , - ,
. , .
373 , , ' ,- ,- ,- , , ,.
374 4 ":' ":' , 5 "
' ":' " " . .
56/ .
375 .24
376 , ":' ,-; , ," '
,.
377 , ;171-169 , ," ;248-212 , ,";415-412 ,20-19 ,
, .175-164 ,

258

 45/ , 4 ,
, .
5 4 , ,
3 ,
4) . (204
, " ' .
.
, , "-" .
'-" , " " .
' .
,
. " " , ,
.
,
. ,

. ,'-" , ,"-"
":'-' ,
. , ,

.

378

" " , ,
.
,
, .,
4 5- , ,
4 ) . (204
4 ,
' ,
378 - , -
," ,.

259

 .
, " " -
, ,
. ,
, .

, , .
,
, "-":' ,
: " , ,
.

379

-
. , ,,
.

380

,
, .

381

) (248

,
.
3) . (202 , ,
,
" " . ,
, .,

, " " . ,
, .

382

,
379 " , .
380 , ;153-151, , ;206-204 ,198-191 , , ,' ,- ,,
,.
381 , .53-44 , ,
, , ,153 ,129-127 ,121-120 ,117-116 ,
.196-191
382 , .

260

 . " , ,
" ,
,
- .
,
.

383

.
,
56/ . ' ,- , "
,
.

384

, " ," ,
.
, .

385.

) (205 ,

. .
3 ,
. , , .
) ,(rampant
, .

386

2 10
- ,
5 . 10
, .
, 1011/
, -
. ,- ,
383 .214-208
384 ' , .29-27
385 .224-223
386 ' ' : , 5.

261

" , " , - ,
, . -
,
. - - ,
, 11 , .

387

2 11
, , .

, 1 . ,
,
.
,
,
. , ,
,
,-
.
,
, ,
.

388

,
.

, .

, , 1011/
,
- . ,

387 .236-234

388 , ;200-196 , ," ;238-235 ,233-232 , , -206 ,198-191 ,

;204 , ,' , , , , ,- ,- , , ,.

262

389

, ,
6 , ,
, .

390

) (205 ' ,-
, , /
, ,
,.

391

, ' ,
1 .
. '
, "
" . ," .

392

, ,
, " .
,
, .

393

"-" ,":'-' .
,
.

394

,
, ,
.
389 "-":' "][" .
":'-" " " . ":' ,":" ,":'-"
" " , " " ,
":" ":'-' " " . ' ' :
, 5.
390 ' ' : , 6.
391 , , ' , , .64-63
' ,- , .98-96
392" , , ; , "
, ' ,- , ," , ' ,;
," , ' ,-.
393 , , ' , , ,.
394 .190

263

 , "-":' , ,
, , , " ,
.

395

, .
,
, . ,
, ,
.
, ,
- " , .

396

.
,- ,

.
, ,
,
,

- .
,
.

397

,
" . , ,"
.

398

" ,
, , .

,
, .

399

395 .24
396 , ," ' , ' ,- . ,
.313 ,
397 .235 ,220-208
398 ,".238-231 ,
399 .384

264

 . , ,
.
,

400.

, ,

, ,
. ,

401.

, , ,

402.

,
,
, .

403

.
,
" " - -
. ,
.
" "
,

404.

, 78- , .

, "

405.

45- , 9 3 ,
) . 207-
(206
7 , ,
. ,
400 , , ' ,- ,.
401 , , ' , ,-; , .697-696 ,
402 .397
403 , , ' ,-.
404 , , ' ,-.
405 .115

265

 , .
, ,
, .

406

" ,
, ,
, . .
,
,
.

407

8 .
8 , ,
, .

408

.
, ,
- .
, -
. " ,
.
7
, " , "
, .

409

, .
, "-" -" ,

410

, .,

, .

406 ' : , 7 , .108-107

407 ' : , 8 , .108
408 ' : , 8 , .108
409 "-" ," ,"-":' " ' " , ",
" . ' : ' : , 7.
' : , .10
410 .39

266

 , " ,
, " , . ,
. ,
,
.
' ,
7 " 142
- , ') . 108( 7
, ,

, . ",
- .

411

" " ':"

.

412

, "
, .

413

"

:" " " " " ,

":' ,' '.

414

-
, " "
" " , " " .
,
. '
, " -
.
--.

415

416

'

411 ' , .127 - ,

.251-250 ,
412 , , ; , , ; ,
" ;505-502 , " , ".
413 ," ;239-238 ;223 , , .131-129 ,34-18 ,
414 , "" )'( ,; , ":" ,-.
415 , "" )'( , ,.
416 , "" )'( ,.

267

' .
, .

417

, , 10,

,
. " --
, - -
, ,
- , .

418

,
, .
, ,
, 10.
,
. " -

" , 39 , ,-

1112/ , ,
.
, 7 " ,
- 120 , " .
" ",
, ,
.

419

) (249 "

-
,

420

. ,

,
,
.

421

417 .
418 , .52-48 , " , .
," ;246-244 ,- , .183 , "
, ":' ,-; , .537 ,
419 , ," ,10-7 ,4-3:".16-11, 3-1:
420 96103 ,114 ,147 ,.

421 ) (breast plate

, . ,.238 ,

268

 7 " ,
142 .

422

" 7 ,
.
, ,
- , , , ,
.

423

, , "

" , .

424

"

":" :
" ... ".

425

, -" , " ,
- , , -.

426

, ,
, " ,
".

427

428

,- , , -.

429

,
,
. .,
,
. ,
, . ,
422 " ' , .127-126
423 , .221-212 ,
424 , )(; , '; ,
" , " , " ; , ;380-375 , , ',
; , , " . '
'
" . , .110-104 ,92 ,85-79 ,72-70 ,
425" , ' ,.
426 , "" )'( ,-; , ," , '
,-.
427 ,".239 ,
428 ," ;244-239 , , .131-108 ,
429 , "" )'( ,- . ,".248 ,

269

 912- ,
, . '

" ," ," -" . ,

.

430

, ,

,
, .
, , 8
4) . (233 ,
. ,
3,

431

, .

, .

432

,
.

433

" ,
.

434

- ; ,
; ,
,
.

435

, ,

, .
, ,

430 , ," , ' , ,- . ,

, ' ,-.
431 9
15) . 94 ,92(.
432 .251
433 ' : , 8.
434 ":'-' "" . - ' ":' .
" ":' "" .
' ' ,
'-" " ' "" :".
' , ' : , 8.
435 , " ;300-298 , )(; , ;
, ," , ' ,-; ,
.521-519 ,

270

 , -
, .
, 8 ,
.
, .

436

4 , - - -
. , ,
- 4 8- -
56 , 8- ,
. 4 -
- , 5
, , - . , 8
.
, - , .
, .

.

437

4 - - ,

438

. 4 ":'-" , 8
-"-":' .
, .
,
" ,
.

436 . ":' ,":" ,":'-"

" " , " , ":"
. ":'-' "" .
":' ":'.
437- , ;20 , - , , 18; ' ,,
;79-78- , , ,"; - , .82-79 ,
438 . 4
, , 5 . ,
, , 5
.

271

 3 ,
8 .
"-" ,
,

.

439

,
,

. ,
, ,

440.

. , , 45-
- ,
- 3 . ,
, 78- ,
, , ,
, -.

441

, 78- ,
" : " ".

442

- , ,
.
.
,
, , .

443

439 3 , .246
440 ".
441 ,
, ," , ' ,- ,"
,- ," ' ,- . "" :
" ." , ":".
442 7 '-" , 8 "-" "" ,
8 " " " ".
443" , ' ':"; , .466-465 ,
" , ":'.

272

 9 , ,
,S "-":'-"
'-' . ":'-'
"" , " " ' , "-
":'-' '-" , .
7 .
,

. ,
.

, """
. 9
. , :
3 ,
. ,
: .
, .
"" , ""
-
. , , ,
9 ,
, .
,
,
.
'
.

444

"" ,

8 , ,
. ,

444 , "" )-( ,-.

273

 , ,

445

, ,
, .

446

, ,
, .
89- .

10 , , , - .

,
.

447

, 89- ,

,
, .
,
, ,
.
,
3 "" 4
. ,
, . , ,
.
, ,
,
, 912- , ) .
(210-208 910/ , ,
-
. 1011/ :
,

445 ,".248-244 ,
446 ," ;282-276 , ,".354-350 ,
447 .214-208

274

 .
,
. - ,
11 , ,
"
, 1112/ . ,

. " "
- ,
,

448.

1213/ ,
) . (211
7 9- ,
,
, , .
12 ) (fleur-de-lis .
, .
,
. 13
, .
,
.
, , ,
, .

449

4 8- " ,
, , , ,
) (Cervell .

450

448 404 .265-264

449 ,".248 ,
450 , , ' .229-223 , '.501-500 ,366 ,

275

 ,
3 , ) (Teruel -" ,

451.

) (252-250

).(Charlemagne

452

3
) . (202 , ,
, , , ,

453.

3 ,
12 . 3 ':' ,'-' , 12 ':' ,'-' .
.

454

, 3 , ,
':' "" ' , 12
'-':' ":'" : ' " .
'-' ,
.

455

":' ,

,
- .

456

, ,
. 3 ,
,
.

457

,
.
,
451 149 , 152 ,103 .111
452 , , , , ' .259-254 , '.521 ,
453 . ,
, ,
. , . -
, ;21-20 ,- , .87-78,
454 .330
455 " , ':' ,':".
456 , , " . " ,".373-366 ,
457 . , , ".

276

 , . ,
, .

458

,- , ,
, , , . ,
,
.

459

, , ,
, , "-":' .
1718/ . "
'-':' , " "-":".
,
, " ,
,
. ,
, .

- - ,
, ,
.
.
, ,
'.

460

, "
, .
.
7 9- ,
. ,
458 , , "" ).189-188 ,(Lily
459 9 ,214-208 , .
460 12 - ":' ,":" ," ,":" ,
"-":' "" . 13 ' ,
" ," ":" ,":" ,":"-" , ' ":',
":" . ' ' : , 1213 ,.

277

 .
.
, " ,
1314/ , :
, .

461

) (212
13 ,
,
. "" ,
.

462

14

) ,(rampant .
, . ,
, .
: ,
. .
, " ."
, .
) (trompe l'oeil - ,
.
,
. 2 11- ,
,
. 2 , 11
.

463

, ,
.

464

, ,

461 ,".248 ,
462 ' ' : , 13.
463 .244-240 ,237-235
464 ,".248 ,

278

 , ,
, .

465

-
"-" , " ,
26 . ' , ,
, .

466

":'-" , .

467

" " ".

,
.
"-" , ,
, .
: " ,":' ,":' ,":' ",
, .
.
" -
,
.

468

":'

":' , ":' .
" .

469

, .
":' , "'
" ,
,

470.

' '

,
465- ,' ;130-129 , , , "" ).251 ,(Peacock
466 ' ,.168-161
467 ":" ":' ,37#
.47# ":'-" . '
' : , 13 , ' :
, .26
468 " , , ; , " )( ;429 , ,
, ".
469 ' ,.183-181
470 , )(; .33 ,

279

 . ," - "
".

471

, ,
,
.

"
,

472.

, " : ".

473

'

, , , ,
.
, ,
.

474

":" ,

, ,
.
, ":"-" ,
.

475

"
" . ,
,

-',

478

476

477.

)) .(paradisiacal peace (252

,
.

479

471 , ' , .215 ,186-185 ,

472 , , ; , , ':' ,.
473 , , ':' , . '
. , ,-.
474 " 16 . " " .
475 :":"-" " : '
: ' : ' : '
: : ".
476 . , , ' .233-231 , '.459 ,
477 , , "" ) .133 ,(Griffin , , "" ).88-87 ,(Griffin
478 .134 ,
479 ,
, ) (devine beings . - ,'.122 ,

280

 , , .
"-":' , ,
38 , 9 , ,
, , ,
- .

480

,
,

481.

" ":',

" " . "

.

482

" ,

, , , .
, " ,
.
. , ,
.
, ,
, .
,

483.

. ""
, .

, . -
,
, .

484

,
480 .220
481 .439
482 , )(; , " ;233-231 , , ':' ,-;
, , ' , ,-.
483 , ;90-89 , , .195 ,
484 ," ;248-212 , ,".373-350 ,296-283 ,251-209 ,

281

 .
: -
, ,
. - .
, ,
, -
. .
, 45- , 3 , .
, 78- , 9 , .
13- , ,
, , 914- ,
. , ,
. "
,
. , ,

485.

"
, ,1240
. 1358 ,
" , 1403
.

486

" " , "

. "
, , .
,
, .
.

487

485 ;87 ,59-58 ,- , ;55-48 ,- , ;820-817 ,-,

;228-226 ,212 ,207-206 , , .153-152 ,
486 " , ' , . ,".246-244 ,
487 - , .120-108 ,

282

 ,
" " " . ,
- " .

488

"

,
" .
, , ?
.
" .

489

" , ."
" :
" " ,
" " ;
"

, .

490

" ,
. ,

. ,
- . , ,-
, " , "",
. , "
"" , ,
, .

488 - ,
" .
,
. -
, .
489 , ;29-27 , ," ;542-538 , , .196-193 ,
490 , ;37-35 , , ;66-63 , ,.213 ,

283


,
,
. .
, .
,
" ,
" .
" ,
.
, ,

.
" , ,
,
133

6491,

492,

9 - .
,
, "

"493.

, ,

" , ,
, .
, -"
" ,

494

" , " ," . ,

"-" ,
491 ' : , .
" 492 ' ' ' ' ' ".
: ) ( )( . ,
"" 86 , ' , . 103-101 ,
493 ,
- , , .7 :
' .23-22 ,
494 , .196 ,

284

 - ""
"" "" ,
4.
-- ,

495.

" , --
, - "
. " ,

,
. ,

, " ,
.
,
" .

496.

495 ,
, - , .

,
- , ;227 ,- , ;458 ,- ,.821 ,816 ,
- ""
. - ,
.293 ,290 ,287-286 ,284 ,

496 . ,
.

285


" " ,
.
, .
, ,
, , , ,
, ,' )"(,
, , '
)"(.

, ,
.
" , .
),(Initial word panels
.
,
. ,

, "
" ) "( ,
.
" ,
- .
" 154 .
157 X 198-" . ,
, . ,
, .
, .
.
" ,
, .

286

 " ,
, 170 X 230-" .
,
.
" .
. , 15
141 , ,
142
.
"
, .
" ,
.
.
,
, .
, ,
, .
-" -.
- "
.
. "

- . , "
" , "-
" , ,
, "
1276/7 ,1475- .
, , .

. ,
"" .

287

 ,
.
, ,
.
,
" . ,
, .
, ".

.
,
. ,
, , ,
, , . ,
,
, . 9
,
, ,
9 . , 9
.
"
- . - ,
, ,
, , ,
.
-- " ,
. , ,
, -
,
. ,

288

, ,
" .
.
- , - "" .
" - , -"
. ,
, -' .
-'-" ,
.
) (Reconquista
. -"
, -"
. ,
, ,
, .

. "
, ,
.
.
-" , -"
97 .
. , , ,
.
, , 56
.
" , ,
.
.
" " , 139

289

 140 . , 142143/ ,
"" , "" " . "
"" ,
. ""
, .
" , .
, .
"
. " ," ",
-" ,

".
"
, .
, ,
. " :
.1 ,
.
.2 , " ".
.3 -
, " ," ," ".
.4 ,
.
.5 ,
, " ".
.6 , " ".
"
, "-"
.
,
" . , 1202

290

 ,1492 " . , ,
- -

" . 1325
.1336

, -
- " .
, . ,

. ,
, , ,
.
, " ,
, , , ,20 -,
1300 . 170 ' ":"-"
. " , -"
, ,

. , "
,
, . , -
" , ,
-"
" . , .
" . ,
, ,
.
, ,
.
, ,
. ,
, .

291

 ":
.1 ,
.
.2 .
.3 .
.4

.5 .
.6
.
.7 , "
.
.8 ,
, .
" .
" , ,
"' , " , .
, ,
, , "
- - , -
, ".
.
,
. ,
, .
,
,
, .
,
, .

292

 ,
, . ,
- " -
" , .
, , ,
.
. .
- .
, .
,
. ,
.
,
.
" .
,
, .
,
. "
, , .
, .
.
" .
" , )
'( . ' ,
. ' , ,
" , "
. " , "
) '(.
" ' , .
, ' .

293

 , :
)' ,' ,'( . ,
.
. ' ,
, '
' ' . . ',
" , ,
.
6 - " .
.
.
- "
, ,
. " -
. , ,
" - ,
, .
, .
" ,
.
"
"-" .
" 1264
,1540 " .
, " .
" ,
.

-
, ' : ,
" . " .
, ,

294

 .
, ,
. ,
.
" ,3282 ,1354
" .
" ,

" . "
,
, , .
: -"
-" .
, , -"
, .
.

, "
- , "
-" .
- .
, "
.
" ,
. , ,

" . " .
,
.
, ,
,
.

295


. ' , ,
,318 203

,10 ' .362 ' ' 5660

, , , , -
4328 .593 " , ' "
" , ' . ' ,
' ' 10 ' ' .1
"" ,

.
' ' ,1 ' 362 ' , -
4328 ' . ,
" ' ,
.

" - ,
, "
, ,
" - - . ,
" "
,
) (Villafranca del Panades ,
) (Villefranche de Conflent .

""" ," "" "

,
. 1340
, " -
".
" , ,
,198 , .
,395 ' ' 10 1738 ,
198

296

 , ,
. ,
' '
,10 " ,

".
"
. ," "
. " ,
,1380 ".
" " , "
, ,
" " ." , , " ,
. ,
, ,
-" . '
-- " ) Ferrer
(Bassa , -".

"

, ,
- , . :
.1 ,
6 .
" -
, ,
-".
.2 6 . 83,
.
.3 , 14 ,
" " ".
. ,
-".

297

 " "
.4 101 ,
, .
, ,
,
.
, 105 ,
. " "
138' , -.
.5 86133 , 141-.
,
1820 -.
.6 ,
) Hochschule fr die Wissenschaft des
,(Judentums .

- . .
" , , "" -
. ,
. .
" .

," )(leather thongs
, - .
V "" ,
.
- , -".

.
) (pared down ,
-" , -"

298

 . "
"" ) ,(mitered .
1400
-" ."
, .
" ) ,(roll catch plate
. ,
- . ,
.
, .
.
,
. ) ,(gold tooling
) .(stamp tool ,
- , .
, ,
.
-" . " , ,-
, .
-" .
,
" " ) (strap work , ".

, , ,
-" . ,
-" ,
" .
, ,
) ,(Baldessare Scariglia .
, , ).(blind tooling
, ,

299

 , . "
, .
,
,
. - ,
,
- ) ,(rope tool .
,
.
- ) (gtico-mudjar .
,
-".
) ,(Federico Macchi
) ,(Brera " ,
, ,
,
, .

. ,
.
" -" ,
-" . ,
-" -" .
-"

-" , ) (Pozzuoli
) (Pozzallo . " -"
: -" , ,
, " ,

" -" . , "

, , -" ,
.

300

 , , -" ,
" .
,
, .
,
,
.
""
) ,(cut-out . ) (
. ,
, , "
.
-"
-" . , -"
-" . , ,
" , -" -
" . - ,
" ,
.
-- "
. ,

, .

" " , ,
, -"
, ) carrer
(Montcada . "
-"
,
.
-- "

301

 ,

,
.
-
" , , "" , .
" , ,
, .

" - ,
"
. , , "
1345 ,1346
) (Arnau Bassa , . ,
" - ,
, -- " ,
" ".
,- "
;
- .
," -.
- -
1336-1330 , "
-" . "
, ,
) ,(1346-1336 .

"
, '
) ,(Jaume Cascalls . - "
,
,
. -

302

 " ,
, ,
.
.
9 ,
, . " " ,
, . -
, , , "
" , .
,
, -" .
, ,1348
, . ,
-".
" , ,
, - " ,
.
- ,
,
. .
-" ,
. ,
. ,
, ,,
, ,
- " .

.

, . -
,

303

 , -
, .

, .
,
"" . ,
- ,
. ,
.
" - , ,
, ,
.--
, ,
.


. ,
.
, " ,
/ 6 .
,

. , ,
- , -.
, ,
.
,

.
, ,
,

304

 . ,
,
. " ,
, ,
" ,
.
" .
, "

" ,
.
, ,

.
" , ,
, 6,

133 ,
9 - .
,
, " ".
, ,

" , ,
, .
, -"
" ,

. " , " ," . ,

"-" ,
- ""
"" "" ,
4.

305

 -- " ,
.
" ,
-- , -

" . "
,
,
. ,

, " ,
.
,
" ,
.
"
) ,(Thomas Glick
. , ,
,
, ,
. "

. ,
" ,
,
, -".
, , ,
. " ,,
, ,
,
"" . , - ,
.

306


,
,
. , ,
; ,
. .
, , .
" -
- . " ,
.
" " , ) ,(David Stern
':":
" ".

307

This work was carried out under the supervision of

Prof. Malachi Beit-Ari and Prof. Elisheva Revel-Neher

Illuminating in Micrography Between Script and Brush

"The Catalan Micrograpy Mahzor" MS Heb 86527 in the Jewish National and
University Library in Jerusalem

Thesis submitted for the degree of

"Doctor of Philosophy"

by

Dalia-Ruth Halperin

Volume 1: Text

Submitted to the Senate of the Hebrew University June 2008

______