UAV Seminar Series

Using Commercial Software for Mission Planning & Operations

Introductions
Matt Halferty
Director, Asia Pacific US Army Officer - West Point

Jim Head
Partner Manager, Asia Pacific Masters Degree Strategic Studies RSIS Singapore

Nate McBee
Aerospace Systems Engineer, Asia Pacific Masters Aerospace Engineering - Univ. of Tennessee

Dan Honaker
Aerospace Systems Engineer, Asia Pacific Masters Aerospace Engineering - Univ. of Colorado

Agenda
Introductions Intro to STK
Product Overview Software Demonstrations

Aircraft Test and Evaluation

Model Based Engineering Software Demonstrations

Break (~15 Min) Acquisition Engineering

Cost Management Automated Trade Study Tools

Mission Planning & Ops

Custom Applications Post Mission Analysis Imagery Exploitation

Q&A Wrap Up

AGI Global Overview

Analytical Graphics, Inc. (USA): a global aerospace standard
45,000+ global software installs 700+ user organizations worldwide

Provider of COTS software since 1989

Space mission design & engineering Satellite operations Space situational awareness

Validated astrodynamics, 16 patents, 75+ developers

AGI Software Building Blocks

Spatial mechanics engine
Precision mapping of time and space

Advanced vehicle motion

Advanced satellite propagation

Payload and environment modeling

Configure sensors, communications, terrain, buildings, atmosphere

Analysis tools
Analyze the relationships of objects over time Evaluate quantitative and qualitative measures

Display
Visualize complex system mechanics in dynamic 3D

Systems Tool Kit Summary

COTS software for space, defense, and intelligence Model your system Analyze your mission Convey your results

AGI Analysis Solutions

Desktop applications
Stand-alone or integrated:
System and mission design Analysis Simulation Operations

Application engine
Mission-specific applications and work flows

Software components
Modular capability libraries:
Enterprise integration Thin clients Servers Web Services

In Support of the Enterprise

STK is a toolset for
Engineers, mission analysts, operators and decision makers

And workgroups that

Design, engineer, and operate mission systems
Across programs/platforms/departments/agencies

Integrated, served or stand alone

Share

Serve
Convey

Integrate Deploy

STK For UAV Systems Design

Current Problems

Wouldnt It Be Great If

Create Systems Models

Aircraft Model

Environment Model

Communications Model

Improper planning reduces reliability and availability Up to 30% of all failed UAS missions are due to comms failure

Dynamic problem with many variables Different communications systems expose different problems

Evaluating mission success

Aircraft Model

Sensor Model

Environment Model

Communications Model

As UAS numbers increase they need to be easier to operate Models need to be flexible and validated

Need to be able to convey complex concepts easily A single route is not the best result

Creating a complete representation

Aircraft Model

Sensor Model

Environment Model

Navigation Model

Communications Model

Threat Model

Acoustic Model

Radar Model

Line of Sight

Airspace Geometry

Planning an ISR mission

Aircraft Model

Acoustic Model

Environment Model

Sensor Model

Communications Model

Automation

Incorporate layers that represent mission effectiveness Display results in a format already familiar

Allow for flexibility in mission plan for tactical Apply automation to suggest mission plans

Executing an ISR mission

Aircraft Model

Sensor Model

Environment Model

Threat Model

Communications Model

Add models into mission to aid in operations Allow operators to focus on mission

Enhance mission situational awareness Evaluate mission success

How do we do this?

Navigation Model

Communications Model

Aircraft Model Airspace Geometry

Acoustic Model

Sensor Model

Environment Model

Threat Model

Automation

Line of Sight

Radar Model

Aircraft Mission Modeler

Aircraft Model Performance Driven Models 3D Edit Flight Paths on the Fly Common Procedure Library Holding Patterns Takeoff/Landing & VTOL/Hover Fuel Management

System Design Sensors

Sensor Model What can your systems see? Dynamic environment Number/type of platforms Number/type of sensors Target constraints
Terrain RCS

Complex detection Visual IR (GSD) RF Search/Track Radar Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) GMTI (flexible constraints) Use the right sensor for the mission

Imperfect RF Enviroment Analysis

Environment Model Terrain blockage Rain, clouds, fog Gaseous absorption Foliage / Urban Custom loss plug-ins

Vertical Plane Path

Transmitter 2 Slant Plane Paths

Receiver

System Design- Communications

Communications Model What is my Comm Environment? Modelling Comm Effects Specify the RF environment model Number of Nodes Transmitters / receivers Multi-hop links Predicting the link quality

Detailed emitter patterns, modulators, spectral filters, etc. Link budget (BER, Eb/No, C/N, etc.) Interference / jamming Link performance over large areas
Evaluate Alternate Asset Usage

Radar Modeling
Radar Model

Pulsed & Continuous Wave SAR Filters Gaseous absorption Polarization Custom Antennas Radar Cross Section

Sun Noise

Troposphere Loss and Noise

Polarization

Rain Loss and Noise

Desired Signal

Earth Noise

How Are These Models Available?

Desktop Application

Development Kits

STK Advanced Demonstration

ADVANCED Modeling Capabilities

Models

Vehicle Motion Models

Model vehicle position and attitude

Sensor Models
Model sensor geometry & pointing

Environment Models
Model terrain, atmosphere & space

Comms & Radar Models

Model RF propagation & interference

Simulate

Simulate mission
Analyze system behavior in theater

Calculate system performance

Measure against mission objectives

Evaluate system relationships

Measure system impact

Explore trade space

Analyze system design

Analyze

2D and 3D visualization
Vehicles, routes, sensors & analysis

3D object representations
Position, orientation & articulation

Mission environment
Terrain & imagery

Analyze results
Graphs, reports, images & videos

Customize Your Interface!!

User Interface Plugins & External Integration Options
Sensor Boresight View Window

Aircraft Gauges

STK Aircraft Test & Evaluation

Detailed Systems Modeling

STK for Model Based Systems Engineering

Aircraft Model

Sensor Model

Systems architecture
Communications Model

Model Complete Systems

Aircraft Model

Sensor Model

End-to-end system design

Communications Model

Example: Test and Evaluation

Test schedule generated in Core

Test event simulated in STK

Schedule optimized using new timelines

Automated Documentation

Test event monitored in real time

Quick turn post flight analysis

Example Case Study : Mojave Flight Test

Downlink Communication Issues

Issue Loss Of Signal During Aircraft Ground Taxi to End of Runway Loss of Signal at Northeast Part of Flightpath; Particularly in the Turn and At Max Altitude of 50Kft Fixes Moved Receive Antenna Location On Building Roof Fixed Taxi Issue Adding Low Noise Amplifier to the Receive Antenna Produced Much Improved Signal at Northeast Part of Flightpath Narrowed Bandwidth on Receiver to Improve Signalto-Noise Ratio

S-Band Blade Antenna Location

What System Do I Use?!

Antenna Considerations
Which Antenna to use?

Antenna Data
Manufacturer Data Test Chamber Data

General Assumptions

Communications Model

What System Do I Use?!

Antenna Considerations
Which Antenna to use?

Antenna Data
Manufacturer Data Test Chamber Data

General Assumptions

Model it in STK!!!!
Communications Model

What Else Can I Model?

Flight Path
Aircraft Mission Modeler

External Ephemeris 3D Aircraft Model

Antenna
Manufacturer Data
Built in Models Plugin Models

RF Environment
Propagation Loss Models Weather Terrain

Custom Plugins

STK Test/Evaluation Demonstration

Demonstration - Aircraft RF Jamming

Flight Path
Aircraft Mission Modeler

External Ephemeris 3D Aircraft Model

Antenna
Manufacturer Data
Built in Models Plugin Models

RF Environment
Propagation Loss Models Terrain Custom Plugins

RF Jamming

Break

Acquisition Engineering
Systems Modeling & Trade Studies

Trade-study/AOA Applications
Acquisition
Performance versus cost trades

Engineering design
Performance versus measures of effectiveness

Test and Evaluation (T&E)

Test design / test point density optimization

Mission planning
Maximize effectiveness / minimize risk

Decision support

STK/Analyzer & Model Center

Perform trade studies on STK scenarios Vary one or many STK parameters and study resulting effects Automate complex trade studies Monte Carlo probabilistic analysis Optimizer Extension finds best solution

STK/Analyzer Demonstration
PROBLEM: UAV Surveillance along NK/SK Border Xmit/Rcvr System Selected Where to Position Comm Tower?

APPROACH: Use Analyzer to Vary Tower Position (Lat/Lon)

Analyze Max C/N Ratio (Max C/N Along Aircraft Route)

STK Analyzer Demonstration

What is ModelCenter?

STK

Rhapsody

TruePlanning

ModelCenter

ModelCenter Interface
Link Editor View Displays links between components

Component Tree Displays variables

Analysis View Displays wrapped models as boxes

Server Browser Displays components wrapped on Analysis Servers

ModelCenter Outputs

ModelCenter Off the Shelf Plug-ins

SolidWorks

Product Design
Given design parameters, predicts performance characteristics:
How much will it weigh? How high can it fly? What will it cost?

System/Mission Simulation
Given performance characteristics, predicts how a system will react to various stimulus over time:
Hit rate? Access times? Throughput?

Useful for designing hardware Wrap your code or use plugins:

Useful for designing systems Wrap your code or use plugins:

Matlab Mathcad Excel Fluent Nastran

ANSYS LS-DYNA Price Seer CAD

Flames Magic Draw OpNet ProModel Rhapsody

STK Extend Vensim Aceit Arena

STK Model Center Demonstration

Mission Planning & Operations

Customization Options

AGI Analysis Solutions

Desktop applications
Stand-alone or integrated:
System and mission design Analysis Simulation Operations

Application engine
Mission-specific applications and work flows

Software components
Modular capability libraries:
Enterprise integration Thin clients Servers Web Services

Customizing STK
User Interface Plugins
Customized Toolbars/Menus/Utilities .NET Platform

External Utilities
Use STK Engine COM Object Model

Customizing STK Demonstration

Route Designer
Automatically Avoid Building Geometry Import GIS Data Deconflict Options

Customizing STK Demonstration

UAV Line of Sight Planner
Automatically Adjust UAV Route Altitude Maintain LOS to Control Station Avoid Terrain

Mitigate Comm Breaks

AGI Analysis Solutions

Desktop applications
Stand-alone or integrated:
System and mission design Analysis Simulation Operations

Application engine
Mission-specific applications and work flows

Software components
Modular capability libraries:
Enterprise integration Thin clients Servers Web Services

Custom Application Example / Demo

Custom Application
Generalized Workflow Custom Algorithms Exposed Ease of Use / Quicker Adoption by Users

Quick Development
STK/Engine Example Apps STK Development Training

Fully Documented API Object Model

Help is . Helpful!!

Flexibility
.NET Support
Java Libraries Unix

Advanced Application Design

Custom Application
Target Import Areas of Interest No-Fly Zones Automated Route Design With Deconfliction

Deployable
Easy to Use Reduced Training Time Fully Customizable For Updated Needs

Click To Play

Web Application Design

Custom Application
Target Import Areas of Interest No-Fly Zones Automated Route Design With Deconfliction

Mission Planning Web Application

Deployable To Everyone!!!

Click To Play

Mission Planning & Operations

Post Mission Analysis

Exploiting the Data

Imagery and Video Archive

Mission Data

Sensor Model

Environment Model

Begin with traditional imagery request More accurate images returned techniques based on request Incorporate models to infer information about the imagery Faster image retrieval

Video Exploitation / Demo

Data Fusion
Quick Search for Desired Video Custom Interface Easy to Use!!

Interoperable
Imagery Data Video Data GIS Information

Wrap-Up

System Modeling

Custom Applications

ISR Mission Planning

Concept of Operations

Interoperability

Resources
AGI Website
White Papers Case Studies Software Resources Blogs Forum Events

www.agi.com

Thank You!!
www.agi.com