Journal Article 1 Title and Article Reference - Laurie Hunter, (2006) European Management Journal.

Volume 24, Issue 5, October 2006, Pages 315321. Aim/Purpose of Article - Identify, analyse and compare two business models within the passenger air travel industry. Sample, Location, method of data collection and analysis - Sample - collected by International Transport Workers Federation (ITF). Analysis - Qualitive (quantitative). Findings/Interpretations reported in the article - This article suggests that the low cost/no frills carrier is becoming the more feasible option when running a airline compared to the traditional method. Airlines that use the no frills buiness model have worse working conditions, union presence and approx. equal numbers of fixed and unlimited contractors but they have also managed to create a atmosphere that promotes loyalty to the employer. Significance/contribution of the article in relation to your other articles and your topic - It is significant as a company have been able to make a more economical company and retain their workers loyalty. Strengths of the article - Has great details of both business plans using alot of different references to create a broad overview of the aviation industry. Weaknesses of the article - Doesn't go into details about the improvement of atmosphere that the "no frills" carriers provide. Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment - "The expectation is that unions would support job specialisation and resist multi-skilling and tasking, to safeguard jobs and maintain pay for specialist job functions."(European Management Journal, Volume 24, Issue 5, October 2006, Pages 315 321) Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment -"A large majority of LCCs offer poorer pay and working conditions compared with FSCs (estimated at between 5% and 40%). The few cases that match FSCs seem likely to be where a new carrier is created within an existing mainline company (the carrierwithincarrier model)."(European Management Journal, Volume 24, Issue 5, October 2006, Pages 315321) Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment Journal Article 2 Title and Article Reference - Michael A. Shields, Melanie Ward (2001) Journal of Health Economics, p. 667-701. Aim/Purpose of Article - There has been a shortage in nurses and retaining nurses for a period of time, and this report wants to detail the reasons the nurses left, job satisfaction and lack of training.

Sample, Location, method of data collection and analysis - Sample - National survery of England. Analysis - Statistical (Quantitative). Findings/Interpretations reported in the article - That nursing has a very high turnover rate and a very low income of newly trained Employees. This means that the pressure on nurse's is very high and this cause's them to be unsatisfied with their job. Significance/contribution of the article in relation to your other articles and your topic - Reducing boredom and increasing job satisfaction is one of the key components in this article. Using this indepth analysis into job satisfaction and how it is effecting the nursing empolyment rate is necessary for a proper look into how increasing job through job specialisation will not work. Strengths of the article - Very indepth analysis with alot of accurate conclusions, and excellent researching. Weaknesses of the article - It was a very specific to a very specific market, may not effect all other work areas as greatly. Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment - "In this paper, we investigate the determinants of job satisfaction for nurses and establish the importance of job satisfaction in determining nurses intentions to quit the NHS." ( Journal of Health Economics, 2001, P. 677701) Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment -"A variety of personal characteristics have been found to have significant effects on reports of job satisfaction including gender, race, age, marital status, children and education." (Journal of Health Economics, 2001, P. 677701) Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment -

Journal Article 3 Title and Article Reference - Judge, Timothy A., Thoresen, Carl J., Bono, Joyce E., Patton, Gregory K. (2001) The job satisfactionjob performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review, 127, p. 376-407. Aim/Purpose of Article - To investigate the link between job satisfaction and job turnover. Sample, Location, method of data collection and analysis - Sample - 312 twelve samples with a population of 54,417 different employees. Analysis - Qualitative and Quantitative. Findings/Interpretations reported in the article - It was found that a correlation of 0.3 exists between job satisfaction and job turnover. There is no direct relation between the two but they correlate to a degree, which suggests that job satisfaction is only one of many issues in job turnover. Significance/contribution of the article in relation to your other articles and your topic - As workplaces that use job places usually have a high turnvoer rate this may seem illogical, but decreasing the turnover

rate no matter how you do it will have a positive rate on job satisfaction as the workers will feel more comfortable within the workplace with job security. Strengths of the article - Very complex look into job satisfaction with a lot of detail. Weaknesses of the article - Does not provide many results as the subject matter is very convulated. Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment - " Because Iaffaldano and Muchinsky concluded that there was no appreciable relationship between job satisfaction and job performance, researchers have accepted this conclusion, as evidenced by the following statements: The seminal research on job satisfaction and job performance suggests that there exists only a modest correlation between these two constructs ( Ct, 1999, p. 65); It is accepted among most researchers that there is not a substantial relationship between job satisfaction and productivity ( Judge, Hanisch, & Drankoski, 1995, p. 584); Much evidence indicates that individual job satisfaction generally is not significantly related to individual task performance ( Brief, 1998, p. 3); and The magnitude of correlation between job performance and job satisfaction is unexpectedly low ( Spector, 1997, p. 56). " The job satisfaction job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review (2001, The job satisfaction, p. 376407) Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment Quotes from the article you plan to use in your assignment -

"A variety of personal characteristics have been found to have significant effects on reports of job satisfaction including gender, race, age, marital status, children and education." (Journal of Health Economics, 2001, P. 677701) this is a valid statement but the issue is very complicated and has many facetes. Having job specialisation in the workplace is a questionable option when a company wants to eliminate boredom and low job satisfaction. To have a job broken down into steps takes away conscience effort and makes a task very tedious. "No appreciable relationship between job satisfaction and job performance, researchers have accepted this conclusion"(Ct, 1999, p. 65) but companies have to train employees in different roles and rotate them weekly or monthly so that they experience different sides of the workplace creating a sense of responsibility. This will give the workers skill variety and lets them see how the business functions and how crucial their presence and effort is, giving them task significance. Increasing the amount of tasks an employee performs at once is stimulating and gives them responsibility. This responsibility may seem too much for some employees so "The expectation is that

unions would support job specialisation and resist multi-skilling and tasking, to safeguard jobs and maintain pay for specialist job functions."(European Management Journal, Volume 24, Issue 5, October 2006, Pages 315321), trying to enrich the jobs of their members, give the worker autonomy and freedom in how they go about their job. This is complicated for companies as they can gather feedback on the job and evaluate and modify the job design to eliminate boredom and low job satisfaction but this will seem as too much for stress for some workers. In conclusion companies choose to use job specialisation for economic reasons only, so the bigger a company is the less interesting and satisfying they have to make the job as they have a giant turnover, and will likely be training new employees continuously. But for many growing companies job satisfaction and boredom are significant as they cant afford to train new workers constantly as the managers need to be focused on making the business run smoothly and doing their job.

Reference List Laurie Hunter, (2006) European Management Journal. Volume 24, Issue 5, October 2006, P. 315321. Michael A. Shields, Melanie Ward (2001) Journal of Health Economics, p.677-701. Judge, Timothy A., Thoresen, Carl J., Bono, Joyce E., Patton, Gregory K. (2001) The job satisfactionjob performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review, 127, p. 376407.