Handloom Census Report in India

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010
Handloom Census of India 2009-10

Third National Census of Handloom Weavers and Issue of Photo Identity Cards to Weavers and Allied Workers
Primary Handloom Census Abstract
Sponsored by Development Commissioner (Handlooms) Ministry of Textiles Government of India
National Council of Applied Economic Research
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National Council of Applied Economic Research
ISBN 81-88830-14-3
All rights reserved, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording and / or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Published by J.S. Bedi, Secretary and Head Operations, for and on behalf of the National Council of Applied Economic Research, Parisila Bhawan, 11, Indraprastha Estate, New Delhi 110 002.
Printed at Cirrus Graphics Private Limited, New Delhi 110 028
Study team
TEAM LEADER Dr. Rajesh Shukla PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Mr. Khursheed Anwar Siddiqui CORE RESEARCH TEAM Mr. Prabir Kumar Ghosh, Mr. Rakesh Srivastava, Mr. Bijay Chouhan, Ms. Rachna Sharma and Ms. Preeti Kakkar TECHNICAL TEAM Mr. Rakesh Srivastava and Mr. Bijay Chouhan FIELD SUPPORT TEAM Mr. Om Prakash Sharma, Mr. Prabir Kumar Ghosh, Mr. Kosar Jamal Khan, Mr. Rakesh Srivastava, Mr. Bijay Chouhan, Mr. Sandeep Mishra, Mr. Lokesh Dwivedi, Mr. T. Harsha, Ms. Anusha, Mr. Rajesh Kumar and Mr. Amit Sharma N C A E R ' S C O N S U LTA N T Mr. Prabir Kumar Roy and Dr. A.K. Srivastava DC (HANDLOOMS) - CORE TEAM Mr. B. K. Sinha, Development Commissioner (up to October 12, 2009) Mr. R. N. Choubey, Development Commissioner Dr. Md. Nazmuddin, Additional Development Commissioner (Nodal Officer) Mr. Rishi Angra, Assistant Director Mr. Gurcharan Dass, Assistant Director Mr. S. S. Dua, Assistant ADVISORY COMMITTEE Mr. Suman K. Bery, Director General, NCAER Mr. R. N. Chaubey, Development Commissioner (Handlooms) Dr. N. S. Sastry, Ex-Director General, CSO and NSSO Dr. A. K. Chaubey, Technical Director, National Informatics Centre (NIC) Dr. R. A. Dwivedi, Director, Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) Dr. Anand Kumar, Director, Registrar General of India (RGI) Dr. Anil Rai, Principal Scientist, IASRI, New Delhi Dr. Md. Nazmuddin, Additional Development Commissioner Dr. Rajesh Shukla, Senior Fellow, NCAER
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MINISTRY OF TEXTILES GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 110 011
MESSAGE
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am pleased to know that the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) has come out with report of the 'Third National Handloom Census of Weavers and Allied Workers', which provides comprehensive statistical information of the Handloom Sector. Apart from the opportunity of comparing the results with the Second Census (1995-96), this report succinctly presents the findings related to the household and non-household handloom units in existence and functional across the country, scale and pace of their functioning, and inputs for streamlining the development approaches and strategies for this sector. In a world increasingly inclined to mechanisation and standardisation, the handloom sector provides a refreshing change of unique richness of manual skill and diversity. The sector is also recognised as the second largest employment provider after agriculture and, therefore, a force to be reckoned with. The Third Handloom Census (2009-10) Report provides valuable inputs for the use of all stakeholders of this sector for facilitating important development and business decisions to help in the growth of the handloom sector. All the stakeholders look up to the Government Departments for reliable and authentic data regarding the sector. I am sure that the Third National Handloom Census report will be of immense value to various users. The committed team of the Office of Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) have done a commendable job. The State Governments and Union Territories willingly participated in the whole exercise and their inputs were used to supplement the Census work in order to relect the ground realities. I warmly congratulate the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) for its commendable work.
New Delhi December 23, 2010
Dayanidhi Maran
Minister of Textiles Government of India
MESSAGE
t is a matter of great pleasure that the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) has come out with the report on the Third National Handloom Census, which provides comprehensive details of the handloom sector in the country. Not only does it provide a database of weavers and allied workers and handlooms throughout the country, it also has a photo-linked database of all eligible handloom weavers and allied workers in the handloom sector. The issue of Photo Identity Cards (PIC) to handloom weavers will ensure that only genuine weavers get the benefits of the various schemes being implemented by the Office of Development Commissioner (Handlooms) in a hassle free manner. It will be an effective tool in achieving growth in the handloom sector. I am sure that the Census report will be of immense value to various users across the country who will be benefited by the various development programmes that are designed for them. I congratulate the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) for this excellent work.
Panabaaka Lakshmi
Minister of State for Textiles Government of India
MESSAGE
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am glad to know that the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) has come out with the report on the Third National Handloom Census, which provides comprehensive details of the handloom sector in the country. The Third Census is special in that it provides not only a database of handloom sector, weavers and allied workers and looms, but has a photo-linked data base of all eligible handloom weavers and allied workers. An individual's unique real time identification will ensure that the benefits meant for genuine handloom weavers are not diverted and genuine weaver will get benefits of various schemes being implemented by this office for their growth and sustained development, in a hassle free manner. I am sure that the Third National Handloom Census report will be of immense value to various users and with the issuance of the Photo Identity Cards (PIC), the genuine weavers across the country will effectively benefit from development programmes that are designed for them. I congratulate the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) in bringing out this useful Report.
Rita Menon
Secretary (Textiles) Government of India
FOREWORD
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he work of conducting the Third Handloom Census and the Issuance of Photo Identity Cards (PIC) to eligible weavers and allied handloom workers was undertaken in 2009-10. The objective was to update the database for the handloom sector that had been created by the two earlier rounds of Census (1987 and 1995), to enable better planning and execution of handloom development schemes. The work was assigned to National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER). The Census was carried out in all States and Union Territories by NCAER. The survey for the Census was undertaken using Personal Digital Assistance (PDA) mobile technology by professional survey agencies selected by NCAER, and included AC Nielsen ORGMARG, UP Industrial Consultants Ltd. (UPICO) and Indian Council of Market Research (ICMR). NCAER, as the nodal agency, was responsible for all technical inputs in the survey, including supervision of training and survey implementation, random check of survey results, data analysis and for bringing out the Census Report. An Advisory Committee was constituted which included representatives from the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and eminent professionals from the Office of the Registrar General of India (RGI), Central Statistical Organisation (CSO), Central Sample Survey Organization (CSSO), National Informatics Centre (NIC) and Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI). Dr. Md. Nazmuddin, Additional
Development Commissioner (Handlooms), deserves special mention for his contribution and guidance to NCAER during the entire Census exercise. The survey involved identification of all household and non-household units undertaking handloom activity in the almost all villages and towns known to have handloom weaver concentrations as identified by State/UT governments. These units were surveyed at household or non-household unit level and photographs were taken of all eligible handloom workers available at the time of enumeration. The survey data was consistently checked and monitored by NCAER's supervisory team to ensure data quality. The broad information covered under the Census are the number of functional household and non-household units pursuing handloom activities; the number and status of functional weavers and allied handloom workers; the number, status and types of looms; yarn consumption; production of different fabrics; annual earnings of handloom worker households; etc. The report of the Third handloom Census has been published on the eve of the formulation of the Twelfth Five Year Plan. I hope the findings of the Census will facilitate in formulating a more effective policy for the development of the handloom sector and the welfare of weavers and allied workers.
R.N. Choubey
Development Commissioner (Handlooms)
PREFACE
for the issuance of PICs. NCAER has been guided by the Advisory Committee in the development of census methodology and survey implementation. The Third Handloom Census adopted innovation in data collection technology by using Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) devices to collect the data and photographs in an integrated database system, which reduced the errors involved in the synchronisation of photographs with data. As per the protocol approved by the Advisory Committee, the Census enumeration was conducted primarily in the list of locations provided by state/UT governments, which was further extended based on the information gathered during Census enumeration. Apart from this, all information collected from eligible households was based on their self-declaration. The Third Census covered covered 3,336 towns and 27,745 villages across 440 handloom concentrated districts in 29 States and Union Territories. A total of 43.32 lakh handloom workers in 27.83 lakh handloom weaver and allied worker households and non-households, as well as 23.77 lakh handlooms were enumerated. Comparing the findings from only weaver households, it is seen that 25.25 lakh weaver households as per the Second Census have declined to 22.68 lakh weaver households as per the Third Census. The effort involved in undertaking the Census operations has been huge, and I would like to place my appreciation for all who have contributed to make this a success. I would especially like to express our appreciation and gratitude to Shri R.N.Choubey, Development Commissioner (Handloom). Our thanks also go to Dr. Md. Nazmuddin, Additional Development Commissioner, for his intellectual contribution and guidance at every stage of the project. Acknowledgement is due to each State and UT handloom directorate, who assisted NCAER in the conduct and validation of the survey. I would also like to thank the AC Nielsen which was our main survey partner for the Census, and our other survey partners such as UP Industrial Consultants Ltd. (UPICO) and Indian Council of Market Research (ICMR) for their contribution towards field survey. Last, but not the least, my thanks to the NCAER team lead by Dr. Rajesh Shukla for leading, organizing and implementing this mammoth exercise.
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he handloom sector forms an important part of the Indian economy. It is the country's second largest employment provider after agriculture. It also represents a traditional art form of the country that has been patronised and promoted since time immeorial. State intervention in the form of financial assistance as well as various development and welfare schemes have helped it withstand the pressures and competition as a result of economic and technological developments and advancements. The First Census of Handloom Workers which covered only handloom units was conducted at the national level in 1987-88 covering 27 States/ Union Territories. The data collection for this was entirely undertaken by the Central Government. The objective was to build a reliable database for the handloom sector in recognition of the need to understand the differential impact of policies by planners and policy makers. It was decided then to repeat the exercise periodically in order to obtain updated information for the sector. The Second Census was conducted in 1995. NCAER was the nodal agency for the second round. The Office of the Development Commissioner (Handloom) entrusted the work of the 'Third Census of Handloom Workers and Issue of Photo Identity Cards to eligible Weavers and Allied Workers' to NCAER in March 2008. The third round had been planned with involvement of professional survey agencies, under the overall guidance and surveillance of NCAER. There was an additional challenge for this round of survey as it included the photography of eligible handloom workers
Suman K Bery
Director-General, NCAER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Director, Central Statistical Organisation (CSO), Dr. Anand Kumar, Director, Registrar General of India (RGI) and Dr. Anil Rai, Principal Scientist, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI), New Delhi, for their keen interest and inputs in every stage of the project especially during the selection of the appropriate technology for the survey and in finalising the methodology for the survey. Our sincere acknowledgement and thanks to AC Nielsen ORG-MARG for conceptualising the innovation in data collection and for executing the major portion of the fieldwork. The overall guidance and support provided by Dr. Ashish Panigrahi, Executive Director of the organisation is highly appreciable. The efforts of the team led by Ms. Sharmistha Baig, Director, in completing the mammoth survey with such commitment and accuracy over many difficult and challenging circumstances deserve special mention. We also acknowledge the contribution by our other survey partners such as UP Industrial Consultants Ltd. (UPICO) team lead by Dr. Prakash N. Srivastava, and Indian Council for Market Research (ICMR) team lead by Ms. Namita Chhettri, President and Mr. Subrata Bandopadhyay, Senior Research Manager. The NCAER research team deserves credit for guiding and monitoring this huge survey and coming out with incisive analyses of this huge database. Special thanks are for Mr. Khursheed Anwar Siddiqui, who led the NCAER team from the headquarters. He was ably helped by Mr. Prabir Kumar Roy. Deep appreciation is also acknowledged for the NCAER team who looked after the survey operations in different states - Mr. Om Prakash Sharma for managing the work in the North-Eastern states, Mr. Prabir Kumar Ghosh for supervising the work in the eastern states, Mr. Kosar Jamal Khan for the southern states and Mr. Rakesh Kumar Srivastava for managing the work in the north and west and the database for the identity cards. Special mention needs to be made for Mr. Bijay Chouhan for managing the huge database and its analysis. Credit is also due to the NCAER support teams who have helped in checking the data and preparing the identity cards. We place on record our sincere thanks and appreciation to Mr. Vikas Jain who edited the report. A survey of this magnitude would not have been possible without the unstinted cooperation from lakhs of respondents who have participated in the survey. To each such person, NCAER accords its heartfelt thanks for their time, patience and willingness to share their information. I am sure this document will be a rich source of information to national as well as state level administrators for undertaking programmatic decisions and planning interventions, in order to preserve and develop the rich cultural heritage imbedded in the Indian handloom sector.
he National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) extends its appreciation to the Ministry of Textiles, particularly to Thiru. Dayanidhi Maran, Hon'ble Minister of Textiles and Smt. Rita Menon, Secretary (Textiles). A special appreciation is extended to the Office of Development Commissioner, Ministry of Textile, particularly the then Development Commissioner, Mr. B K Sinha, for his initiative and entrusting NCAER with the task of conducting Third Handloom Census. Thanks are also due to Dr. J.N. Singh and Mr. S.S. Gupta, Former Development Commissioner (Handloom) as well. Our special thanks to Shri R.N. Chaubey, Development Commissioner and Dr. Md. Nazmuddin, Additional Development Commissioner for taking forward and facilitating the validation of the data base leading to completion of the survey. The officials of the State Handloom Directorates in all states and Union Territories covered by the Census provided critical inputs in the execution of the Census including the lists of villages/towns with handloom weaver concentrations and facilitated the conducting of the survey in their respective states. The State Handloom Directorates have also been partners in checking and validating the Census database. The officials from the Weaver Service Centres in the states covered by us in the survey have provided invaluable for their technical inputs during the training of field investigators. We extend our deep felt appreciation to both these institutions. NCAER's Advisory Committee was the beacon of light which guided the census operations from the inception stage. We are extremely grateful and indebted to Prof. N.S. Sastry, Ex-Director General, CSO and NSSO, (Chairman), who ably chaired the Advisory Committee meetings and extended valuable guidance throughout. We are also grateful to the members of the Advisory Committee, especially Dr. Md. Nazmuddin, Addl. Development Commissioner (Handlooms), Dr. A.K. Chaubey, Technical Director, National Informatics Centre (NIC), Dr. R.A. Dwivedi.
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Rajesh Shukla
Team Leader, NCAER
CONTENTS
Message from Minister of Textiles Message from Minister of States (Textiles) Message from Secretary (Textiles) Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Figures at a glance Highlights Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Objectives of Third Handloom Census . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Geographical coverage and defining the 'Census' methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Target population and eligibility for inclusion under 2010 Census . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Issues of enquiry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Data collection and finalisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Quality assurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Limitations of the census . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Basic Concepts and Definitions - Handloom Census 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Rural-Urban areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Structure of dwelling unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Handloom household units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Handloom non-household units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Types of handloom households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Types of handloom households by ownership of looms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Types of handloom households by activity status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Child, children and adult workforce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Full time/part time handloom workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Independent workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Hired workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Level of education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Complete loom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Types of looms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Demographic Profile of Handloom Worker Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Distribution of handloom worker households by social groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Distribution of handloom worker households by religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Distribution of handloom worker households by possession of loom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Distribution of handloom worker households by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Distribution of handloom worker households by purpose of usage of loom - domestic vs. commercial . . . . . . . . . .14 Type and ownership of dwelling units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Type of ration card owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Profile of Handloom Workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Total workforce and number of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by type of workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by gender and type of workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by social groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by level of education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Employment status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Nature of engagement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Nature of engagement of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Nature of engagement of weavers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Nature of engagement for adult (18 years and above) handloom Allied Workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Total employment and average number of days worked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Looms and Usage Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Distribution of looms by location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Distribution of looms by working status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Distribution of looms by household and non-household units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Types of looms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Distribution of working looms by purpose of usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Distribution of looms by type of yarn used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Production, Earnings and Indebtedness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Production of major fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Type of yarn used in handloom fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Source of raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Average production of fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Level of earning by handloom household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Share of income from handloom activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Indebtedness and purpose for taking loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Major source of loans for handloom purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Membership of handloom cooperatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Opinion on whether children would take up handloom activity as their profession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Threat perception from power looms and mills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Annexure I: Census Approach and Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Data capture challenge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Conceptualisation and design: Fieldwork and data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Critical preparatory activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Roll-out of training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Roll-out of fieldwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Quality control process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Data finalisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Issues and challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Annuexure II: Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Annuexure III: Household Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139 Annuexure IV: Specimen of Photo Identity Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
xi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Table 3.2: Table 3.3: Table 3.4: Table 3.5: Table 3.6: Table 4.1: Table 4.2: Table 4.3: Table 4.4: Table 4.5: Table 4.6: Table 5.1: Table 5.2: Table 5.3: Table 5.4: Table 5.5: Table 6.1: Table 6.2: Table 6.3: Table 6.4: Table 6.5: Table 6.6: Table A.1: State-wise distribution of handloom worker households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Distribution of handloom worker households by social groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Distribution of handloom household units by religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Distribution of handloom worker households by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Distribution of handloom worker households by purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Distribution of handloom worker households by type of ration card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Distribution of handloom workers by age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by type of workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by social groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Distribution of states based on predominant social groups of handloom weavers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Distribution of states based on predominant social groups of handloom allied workers . . . . . . . . . .21 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by level of education . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Distribution of looms by location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Distribution of looms by household and non-household units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Distribution of looms by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Distribution of working looms by purpose of usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Distribution of household working looms by type of yarn used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Percentage of weaver household producing major fabrics by handloom concentrated states . . . . . .31 Regional distribution of weaver households by using various types of yarn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Distribution of weaver households by average length of fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Indebtedness and their distribution by purposes for taking loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Distribution of handloom worker households by major sources of loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Distribution of handloom worker households having membership of cooperative societies . . . . . . . .37 Summary of back-check of major indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: Figure 3.2: Figure 3.3: Figure 3.4: Figure 3.5: Figure 3.6: Figure 3.7: Figure 3.8: Figure 3.9: Figure 4.1: Figure 4.2: Figure 4.3: Figure 4.4: Figure 4.5: Figure 4.6: Figure 4.7: Figure 4.8: Figure 4.9: Figure 4.10: Figure 4.11: Figure 4.12: Figure 4.13: Figure 4.14: Figure 4.15: Figure 4.16: Figure 5.1: Figure 5.2: Figure 6.1: Figure 6.2: Figure 6.3: Figure 6.4: Figure A1: Figure A2: Figure A3: Distribution of handloom worker households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Percentage distribution of handloom worker households by social groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Regional distribution of handloom worker households by social groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Regional distribution of handloom worker households by religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Regional distribution of handloom worker households by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distribution of handloom worker households by purpose and location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Regional distribution of handloom worker households by purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Distribution of handloom worker households by type of ration card and location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Regional distribution of handloom worker households by type of ration card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Distribution of handloom workers by age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Regional distribution of handloom workers by age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Regional distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by type of workers. . . . . . . . 19 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by genders and type of workers. . . . . 19 Regional distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by social groups . . . . . . . . . 20 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by level of education . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Regional distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by level of education . . . . . . 21 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by employment status . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by nature of engagement . . . . . . . . . . 22 Regional distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by nature of engagement . . . 23 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) weavers by nature of engagement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Regional distribution of adult (18 years and above) weavers by nature of engagement . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Distribution of adult (18 years and above) allied workers by nature of engagement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Regional distribution of adult (18 years and above) allied workers by nature of engagement. . . . . . . 24 Average person days worked by adult (18 years and above) handloom workers during 2009-10 . . . 25 Average person days worked by adult (18 years and above) handloom workers during 2009-10 North-East and other states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Regional distribution of looms by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Regional distribution of looms by purpose of usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Distribution of weaver households by production of major fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Distribution of households by consumption of major yarn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Distribution of weaver households by average length of fabrics (per weaver per day) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Regional distribution of weaver households by average length of fabrics (per weaver per day) . . . . . 34 SurveyET solution architecture diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Census processes illustration - Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Census processes illustration - HQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
xiii
LIST OF ANNEXURE II TABLES

Table 3.1: Table 3.2: Table 3.3: Table 3.4: Table 3.5: Table 3.6: Table 3.7: Table 3.8: Table 3.9: Table 3.10: Table 4.1: Table 4.2: Table 4.3: Table 4.4: Table 4.5: Table 4.6: Table 4.7: Table 4.8: Table 4.9: Table 4.10: Table 4.11: Table 4.12: Table 4.13: Table 4.14: Table 4.15: Table 5.1: Table 5.2: Table 5.3: Table 5.4: Table 6.1: Table 6.2: Table 6.3: Table 6.4: Table 6.5: Table 6.6: Table 6.7: Table 6.8: Table 6.9: Table 6.10: Table 6.11: Table 6.12: Table 6.13: Table 6.14: Number of handloom worker households by type (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Number of handloom worker households by social groups (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Number of handloom worker households by religion (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Number of handloom worker households by possesion of looms (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Number of handloom worker household by purpose of usage of loom (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Number of handloom worker households by type of dwelling unit (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Number of handloom worker households by ownership of dwelling (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Number of handloom worker households by type of ration card (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Distribution of total population of handloom worker households by gender (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Average household size by handloom worker household by type (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Number of total handloom workers by age group (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Total workforce by type of handloom workers (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Number of adult (18 years & above) handloom workers by gender (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Number of adult (18 years & above) handloom workers by social groups (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Number of handloom workers engaged in weaving activities by social groups (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Number of handloom workers engaged in allied activities by social groups (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Number of Adult (18 years & above) handloom Workers by Education Level (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Number of Adult (18 years & above) handloom workers by employment status (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . 82 Number of adult (18 years & above) handloom workers by nature of engagement (2009-10). . . . . . . . 84 Number of adult (18 years & above) handloom weavers by nature of engagement (2009-10) . . . . . . . 86 Number of adult (18 years & above) allied workers by nature of engagement (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Number of men, women engaged in weaving activity by nature of engagement (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . 90 Total and average number of person days worked per year (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Average Number of days worked by adult workers across social groups (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Number of Handloom worker Households with adult workers by number of days worked per year (2009-10) . 96 Number of looms by working status (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Number of household looms by type (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Number of Working Looms by purpose of usage (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Number of Working Looms by type of yarn used (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Number of household units reporting production of major fabrics (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Number of households reporting usage of major yarns (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Number of households reporting major source of input-hank yarn (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Number of households reporting major source of input-dyes & chemicals (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Number of households reporting major source of input-dyed yarn (2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Number of households reporting average production of major fabric per weaver per day (Meters) . . . 120 Average earning of handloom households (Rs./annum, 2009-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Average earning of handloom households by social groups (Rs./annum, 2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Contribution of handloom to total household income (%, 2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Number of households across share of handloom to total income (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Number of Households in debt, purpose and major source of loan (2009-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Distribution of handloom worker households by Membership of Co-operative Societies (2009-10). . . 132 Number of households reporting whether their children interested in taking up handloom as profession (2009-10) . 134 Number of handloom worker households reporting threat from mill/powerloom sector (2009-10) . . . 136
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Figures at a glance
A. DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN HANDLOOM RELATED ACTIVITIES A1: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE
Type of households Rural Weaver households Allied workers households Idle loom households Others (households with no adult worker) Total 1,985,186 316,009 78,495 41,427 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 282,822 75,116 2,761 1,455 362,154 Total 2,268,008 391,125 81,256 42,882 2,783,271 Rural 82.0 13.1 3.2 1.7 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban 78.1 20.7 0.8 0.4 100.0
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Total 81.5 14.1 2.9 1.5 100.0
A2: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS

Social groups Rural Scheduled castes (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total 236,188 598,574 928,613 657,742 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 36,868 16,703 210,332 98,251 362,154 Total 273,056 615,277 1,138,945 755,993 2,783,271 Rural 9.8 24.7 38.4 27.2 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 10.2 4.6 58.1 27.1 100.0 9.8 22.1 40.9 27.2 100.0
A3: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY RELIGION

Religion Rural Hindus Muslims Christians Sikhs Buddhists Others Total 1,893,464 337,579 154,824 1,610 23,018 10,622 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 267,027 80,949 10,054 352 1,658 2,114 362,154 Total Rural 78.2 13.9 6.4 0.1 1.0 0.4 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 73.7 22.4 2.8 0.1 0.5 0.6 100.0 77.6 15.0 5.9 0.1 0.9 0.5 100.0
2,160,491 418,528 164,878 1,962 24,676 12,736 2,783,271
A4: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE OF LOOM

Purpose Rural Domestic Commercial Both domestic and commercial Idle loom Total 768,743 1,168,058 405,821 78,495 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 17,091 309,683 32,619 2,761 362,154 Total 785,834 1,477,741 438,440 81,256 2,783,271 Rural 31.8 48.2 16.8 3.2 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 4.7 85.5 9.0 0.8 100.0 28.2 53.1 15.8 2.9 100.0
A5: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY POSSESSION OF LOOM

Possession of loom Rural With loom Without loom Total 1,669,408 751,709 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 182,698 179,456 362,154 Total Rural 69.0 31.0 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 50.4 49.6 100.0 66.5 33.5 100.0
xvi
1,852,106 931,165 2,783,271
A6: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD

Type of ration card Rural Antodaya anna yojana (AAY) card Below poverty line (BPL) card Above poverty line (APL) card No ration card Total 253,110 843,040 844,656 480,311 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 17,805 183,656 114,631 46,062 362,154 Total 270,915 1,026,696 959,287 526,373 2,783,271 Rural 10.5 34.8 34.9 19.8 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 4.9 50.7 31.7 12.7 100.0 9.7 36.9 34.5 18.9 100.0
A7: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF DWELLING UNIT

Type of dwelling unit Rural Kuchha Semi-pucca Pucca Total 1,441,473 678,024 301,620 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 77,159 177,554 107,441 362,154 Total Rural 59.5 28.0 12.5 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 21.3 49.0 29.7 100.0 54.6 30.7 14.7 100.0
1,518,632 855,578 409,061 2,783,271
A8: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY OWNERSHIP OF DWELLING UNIT

Ownership of dwelling unit Rural Owned Rented Others Total 2,249,957 76,827 94,333 2,421,117 Number of households Urban 280,740 68,460 12,954 362,154 Total Rural 92.9 3.2 3.9 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 77.5 18.9 3.6 100.0 90.9 5.2 3.9 100.0
2,530,697 145,287 107,287 2,783,271
B. HANDLOOM WORK FORCE
B1: DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE GROUPS

Age group Rural Less than 18 years 18-35 years 36-45 years 46-60 years Above 60 years Total 400,931 1,818,593 752,574 529,654 131,404 3,633,156 Number of workers Urban 84,110 310,027 139,998 123,901 40,684 698,720 Total 485,041 2,128,620 892,572 653,555 172,088 4,331,876 Rural 11.0 50.1 20.7 14.6 3.6 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 12.0 44.4 20.0 17.7 5.8 100.0 11.2 49.1 20.6 15.1 4.0 100.0
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B2: WORK PARTICIPATION RATE - TOTAL WORKERS

Rural Household size Average number of workers (all ages) per household Work participation rate (%) 4.63 1.50 32.4 Number of workers Urban 4.29 1.93 45.0 Total 4.59 1.56 33.9
B3: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY GENDER
Gender Rural Male Female Total 588,171 2,644,054 3,232,225 Number of workers Urban 260,302 354,308 614,610 Total 848,473 2,998,362 3,846,835 Rural 18.2 81.8 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 42.4 57.6 100.0 22.1 77.9 100.0
B4: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY SOCIAL GROUPS
Social groups Rural Scheduled castes (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total 331,994 678,165 1,359,355 862,711 3,232,225 Number of workers Urban 58,439 18,767 378,188 159,216 614,610 Total 390,433 696,932 1,737,543 1,021,927 3,846,835 Rural 10.3 21.0 42.1 26.7 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 9.5 3.1 61.5 25.9 100.0 10.1 18.1 45.2 26.6 100.0
B5: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION
Level of education Rural Never attended school Below primary Primary Middle High school/secondary Higher secondary Graduate & above Others Total 931,324 402,961 574,365 782,295 328,493 155,269 52,186 5,332 3,232,225 Number of workers Urban 199,121 84,754 127,244 100,248 63,347 23,907 12,867 3,122 614,610 Total 1,130,445 487,715 701,609 882,543 391,840 179,176 65,053 8,454 3,846,835 Rural 28.8 12.5 17.8 24.2 10.2 4.8 1.6 0.2 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 32.4 13.8 20.7 16.3 10.3 3.9 2.1 0.5 100.0 29.4 12.7 18.2 22.9 10.2 4.7 1.7 0.2 100.0
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B6: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY TYPE OF WORKERS
Type of worker Rural Weavers Allied workers Total 2,522,121 710,104 3,232,225 Number of workers Urban 386,659 227,951 614,610 Total 2,908,780 938,055 3,846,835 Rural 78.0 22.0 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 62.9 37.1 100.0 75.6 24.4 100.0
B7: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS
Employment status Rural Independent workers Under master weavers/private owners Under institutions Total 2,173,343 907,855 151,027 3,232,225 Number of workers Urban 178,279 391,146 45,185 614,610 Total 2,351,622 1,299,001 196,212 3,846,835 Rural 67.2 28.1 4.7 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 29.0 63.6 7.4 100.0 61.1 33.8 5.1 100.0
B8: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
Nature of engagement Rural Full-time Part-time Total 1,977,572 1,254,653 3,232,225 Number of workers Urban 494,409 120,201 614,610 Total 2,471,981 1,374,854 3,846,835 Rural 61.2 38.8 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 80.4 19.6 100.0 64.3 35.7 100.0
B9: AVERAGE NUMBER OF ADULT HANDLOOM WORKERS (AGED 18 YEARS AND ABOVE) PER HOUSEHOLD
Type of workers Rural Weavers Allied workers Total workers 1.04 0.29 1.34 Workers per household Urban 1.07 0.63 1.70 Total 1.05 0.34 1.38
B10: AVERAGE PERSON-DAYS WORKED BY ADULT (AGED 18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS DURING 2009-10
Type of workers Rural Weavers Allied workers Total workers 173 210 181 Person-days per worker Urban 248 241 245 Total 183 217 191
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C. NUMBER OF LOOMS C1: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY WORKING STATUS

Working status Rural Working Idle Total 1,866,155 199,798 2,065,953 Number of looms Urban 280,277 31,101 311,378 Total 2,146,432 230,899 2,377,331 Rural 90.3 9.7 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 90.0 10.0 100.0 90.3 9.7 100.0
C2: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY TYPE

Type of loom Rural Pit looms with dobby/jacquard Other pit looms Frame looms with dobby/jacquard Other frame looms Pedal looms Loin looms Other looms Total 232,515 209,547 57,790 1,207,715 23,208 294,263 40,915 2,065,953 Number of looms Urban 128,616 52,500 29,172 72,219 11,075 14,487 3,309 311,378 Total 361,131 262,047 86,962 1,279,934 34,283 308,750 44,224 2,377,331 Rural 11.3 10.1 2.8 58.5 1.1 14.2 2.0 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 41.3 16.9 9.4 23.2 3.6 4.7 1.1 100.0 15.2 11.0 3.7 53.8 1.4 13.0 1.9 100.0
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C3: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE

Purpose Rural Domestic Commercial Both domestic and commercial Idle Total 869,037 495,124 516,227 185,565 2,065,953 Number of looms Urban 24,835 199,459 55,983 31,101 311,378 Total 893,872 694,583 572,210 216,666 2,377,331 Rural 42.1 24.0 25.0 9.0 100.0 Per cent distribution Urban Total 8.0 64.0 18.0 10.0 100.0 37.6 29.2 24.1 9.1 100.0
Highlights
Handloom worker households
In India, nearly 27.83 lakh handloom households are engaged in weaving and allied activities, out of which 87 per cent are located in rural areas and remaining 13 per cent in urban areas.
G G
per cent handloom working households belong to the Scheduled Castes (SCs), 22 per cent households belong to the Scheduled Tribes (STs), 41 per cent households are from Other Backward Castes (OBCs) and 27 per cent households belong to Others. There is major difference in the caste composition of handloom worker households in the North-East and other states. In the North-East, ST (36%) and OBC (33%) households have similar proportions of almost a third of the total households, followed by Others category households (24%), while SC households (7%) are far less in number. In states outside the NorthEast, more than half (53%) of the handloom worker households are OBCs, followed by households from Others (31%). SC households account for 14 per cent of the total, while ST households have a very small presence.
G G
The majority (82%) of handloom working households are weaver households, which means that at least one member of every such household is engaged in weaving activities. Nearly 14 per cent are allied worker households, 3 per cent are idle loom households and about 1 per cent are other handloom households having no adult handloom workers.
handloom census, the OBCs formed the dominant social group, followed by STs and Other category households, while SC households form the minority group. In the third handloom census too, OBC households form the majority group and SC households are the minority group. There is, however, a slight increase in the Other category households accompanied with minor decreases in the proportion of ST and SC households.
G A religion-wise breakup yields that about 78 per cent households are Hindus, 15 per cent households are Muslims, 6 per cent households are Christians, and the remaining households are Buddhists, Sikh or from other religions.
G In the North-East, 90 per cent of the handloom worker households are weaver households. The allied worker households are mostly found in the states outside the region, and form 29 per cent of the total handloom worker households in these states.
A caste-wise breakup yields that about 10
The caste distribution of handloom weaver households has not undergone any significant changes. In the second
There are differences in the religion-wise composition of handloom workers households in the North-East and other states. In the North-East, 82 per cent of the households are Hindus, and 12 per cent households follow Christianity and other religions. The proportion of Muslim
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households is small (6%). In states outside the North-East, the proportion of Hindu households (70%) is comparatively less, and there is a major increase in the proportion of Muslim households (29%). Households from other religions account for only 1 per cent of the total. Uttar Pradesh (85%) and West Bengal (37%) emerge as special cases with high proportions of Muslim households.
G Nearly 53 per cent of the handloom worker households are into commercial production, and nearly 16 per cent households undertake a mix of domestic and commercial production. Thus, a total of 69 per cent of the handloom households undertake commercial production.
COMPARISON OF HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SECOND AND THIRD HANDLOOM CENSUS

Number of households (Lakh) Second Census (1995) States NE states Other than NE states West Bengal Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Other states ALL-INDIA Weaver households 14.6 10.8 2.2 1.5 2.0 1.4 3.7 25.3 Weaver households 15.1 7.6 2.4 1.3 1.6 0.8 1.4 22.7 Third Census (2010) Increase/ decrease All households 16.8 11.0 4.1 1.8 1.9 1.1 2.2 27.8 Increase/ decrease
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Nearly 28 per cent of the handloom worker households are into purely domestic production and mostly located in the North-Eastern states.
G G
Nearly 3 per cent of the handloom households have idle looms and, therefore, no functional handloom worker in the house. Most of such households are in rural areas.
Nearly 67 per cent are households have looms, which may or may not be owned by them. In case of non-ownership of the looms, these are placed in their houses by master weavers, cooperative societies or private owners. Most (90%) households having looms in the house are in rural areas.
G Most of the handloom households live in kutcha (54%) or semi-pucca (31%) houses. Only 15 per cent of the households live in pucca houses. Most of the households staying in kuchha houses are in rural areas. A relatively higher proportion of households living in pucca and semi-pucca houses are in urban areas.
that the sector has exhibited a declining trend for over the two decades. In contrast to the national trend, the North-Eastern states recorded an increase in the number of such households from the first (14.6 lakh weaver households) to the third (15.1 lakh weaver households) census.
Total handloom workers

G
Nearly 91 per cent households live in their own dwelling units, 5 per cent households live in rented houses, while 4 per cent households reside in other kinds of house ownership arrangements.
There are 43.31 lakh handloom workers in the country, out of which 36.33 workers stay in rural areas and 6.98 workers stay in urban areas.
Nearly 33 per cent of the handloom worker households do not have looms. These households are either engaged in hired weaving activities, and their members have to go to other locations with looms (like master weaver's premises, cooperative society work sheds or factories) to do the weaving activity; or these households undertake handloom allied work. A comparatively higher proportion of loomless households live in urban India.
G G
The average household size of a handloom worker household is 4.59 persons, with rural areas reporting 4.63 and urban areas reporting 4.29 household members.
G G
An age-wise distribution reveals that adult (aged 18 years and above) handloom workers account for 89 per cent of the workforce, while under-age workers (aged less than 18 years) account for 11 per cent of the workforce.
The work participation rate in rural handloom households is 32.4 per cent, while the corresponding rate in urban areas is 45 per cent, notching a national average of 33.9 per cent.
Nearly 47 per cent of handloom worker households own Below Poverty Line (BPL) ration cards, and 10 per cent households own other BPL cards or the Antodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) ration cards. Together, therefore, total BPL households account for 57 per cent of the total handloom households.
G The number of person days of work generated by the adult handloom workers per household is 264 person days - 241 person days in rural areas and 416 person days in urban areas. The number of days worked by weaver households has increased from the second (197 person days) to the third (234 person days) census.
G Also, nearly 70 per cent of the handloom workforce is in the productive age group, that is, 49 per cent are aged 18-35 years, and 21 per cent are aged 36-45 years. About 15 per cent of the workers are in the age group 46-60 years, while 4 per cent of the workers are aged more than 60 years.
Adult (18 years and above) handloom workers

G
There are 38.46 lakh adult (aged 18 years and above) handloom workers in India.
G G
Households with Above Poverty Line (APL) ration cards account for 35 per cent of the households, while the remaining households have no ration cards.
The total weaver household units recorded a decline from the first (29.9 lakh weaver households), to the second (25.3 lakh weaver households) and the third (22.6 lakh weaver households) handloom Census, indicating
G Most of the workers are female (77%) and the number of male workers (23%) is comparatively smaller. Most of the female workers are located in rural areas. As opposed to this, a relatively higher proportion of male handloom workers are located in urban areas.
G There are major differences in the gender composition of the adult handloom work force between the North-Eastern and other states. The North-Eastern states have a predominantly female (99%) adult work force. In states outside the North-East, male handloom workers are present in significant numbers (44%). States that have a high proportion of male handloom workers are Uttar Pradesh (50%), Andhra Pradesh (49%), Tamil Nadu (47%) and Karnataka (46%).
There are major differences in the employment structure of adult handloom workers in the North-East and other states. 96 per cent of all adult handloom workers in the North-East work in independent production systems, though a large proportion of them domestic workers. In comparison, 76 per cent of all adult handloom workers are contract workers in other states: 66 per cent work under master weavers or private owners, and 10 per cent work under institutions.
G G A caste-wise distribution of the adult handloom workforce reveals that 10 per cent of the workers are SC, 18 per cent are ST, 45 per cent are OBC and 27 per cent are from Other Castes.
allied worker, the corresponding figure is 217 days.

G
A comparison of the weavers enumerated in the second and third census shows a decline in the number of weavers from the second census (33.26 lakh) to the third (29.09 lakh).
G The proportion of full-time weavers was found to have increased from the second (44.3%) to the third (63.5) census.
G Of the total handloom workforce, 29.08 lakh are weavers and they constitute 76 per cent of the adult workforce. On the other hand, 9.38 lakh are allied workers, constituting 24 per cent of the adult workforce.
G G
64 per cent of all handloom workers work full-time whereas and 36 per cent work part-time. A relatively higher proportion of full-time workers live in urban areas as compared to part-time workers. 61 per cent of the handloom workers are independent workers. They purchase raw material from the market, make cloth or allied handloom products/services, and sells the finished product in the markets-all on their own. Thus, their earnings and profitability depend on market conditions, their own productivity levels and managerial skills. Most independent handloom workers live in rural areas.
A majority (60%) of adult handloom workforce has attained little or no schooling. 29 per cent of all adult handloom workers have never attended school, 13 per cent have studied below primary level, 18 per cent have completed primary school, 23 per cent middle school, 10 per cent high school (secondary education), 5 per cent higher secondary and 2 per cent workers are graduates or higher degree holders. More handloom workers are educated in the North-East than in other states. Uttar Pradesh (60%), Andhra Pradesh (42%), Karnataka (39%) and West Bengal (37%) are instances where a high proportion of adult handloom workers reported of never having attending school.
There is a decline in the percentage of handloom worker households that reported less than a metre of fabric production per weaver per day from second census (68%) to third census (46%). G There is an increase in the proportion of households who report more than 60 per cent of income from handloom sources from the second census (31%) to the third census (35%).
G
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Number and type of looms

G
There are a total of 23.77 lakh looms in India, spread across household and nonhousehold handloom units. Of the total number of looms, 20.66 lakh are in rural areas and 3.11 lakh are in urban areas.
90 per cent of the looms are working and 10 per cent are idle.
G G Of all looms, 58 per cent are frame looms (4%with dobby/jacquard, while the majority 54% are other frame looms), 26 per cent are pit looms (15% with dobby/jacquard and 11% are other pit looms), 13 per cent are loin looms, 1 per cent are pedal looms, and 2 per cent are other kinds of looms.
39 per cent of all handloom workers are contractual and are under some form of employment structure: 34 per cent are employed under master weavers/private owners and 5 per cent with institutions. Almost a third of hired handloom workers stay in urban areas.
G
There is an average of 1.38 handloom workers per household, comprising 1.05 weavers and 0.33 allied workers.
G G
Adult handloom workers report an average of 191 days of work. For adult weavers this is 183 days, while for an adult
G There are major differences in the type of looms found in handloom households in
A SUMMARY OF KEY INDICATORS COMPARED BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD HANDLOOM CENSUS
Selected indicators Handloom weaver households (Lakh) Handloom weavers (Lakh) Total man-days worked by weaver households (Lakh) during census year Man-days worked per weaver household during census year Share of full-time weavers to total weavers Share of weaver households reporting less than a metre production (weaving) per day Share of weaver households reporting more than 60 per cent income from handlooms and related activities Share of Idle looms Second Census (1995) 25.25 34.71 4,977 197 44% 68% 31% 10% Third Census (2010) 22.68 29.09 5,313 234 64% 46% 35% 4%
the North-East and other states. Frame looms (78%) and loin looms (21%) account for the majority in the North-East. On the other hand, pit looms (74%) dominate all other states, even though there are frame looms (19%) and pedal looms (4%) as well.
G Of all looms, 53 per cent are used fully or partially for commercial production, with some being used only for commercial production (29%) and others being used in a mix of domestic and commercial
production (24%). 38 per cent of the looms are used for domestic production and 9 per cent are idle looms.
G
Most of the looms undertaking domestic production are in rural areas, and a large majority of them is located in the North-Eastern states. Most of the looms undertaking mixed production are in the rural areas as well. A relatively higher proportion of commercial looms are found in urban areas.
A large majority of looms in the North-Eastern states engage into domestic production (62%) , and a relatively less proportion is into mixed production (34%). In states outside the North-East, 82 per cent of the looms are purely for commercial production and 14 per cent for mixed production.
G There was a decline in the number of idle looms from the second (10%) to the third (4%) census.
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Chapter
1
Introduction
he First Census of Handloom Workers was conducted at the national level in 1987-88 and it covered 27 States/ Union Territories. The objective was to build a reliable database for the handloom sector in recognition of the need to understand the differential impact of policies by planners and policy makers. The adverse effect due to this differential access and benefit of such policies, if any, on the handloom sector could then be assessed and corrected. It was decided to repeat the exercise periodically to obtain updated information with a view to provide inputs for planning purposes as well as monitoring and evaluating the effects of past and current policy measures related to the sector.
Research (NCAER) was appointed as the nodal consultant. The actual exercise of data-collection was deputed to be the responsibility of state governments through their own enumerators and supervisors. Enumerators were drawn from different department/bodies of the state government (BDOs, village school teachers, rural development agencies, gram sevaks, etc.). NCAER was asked to conduct the 'Third Census of Handloom Workers and Issue of Photo Identity Cards to Weavers
The First Handloom Census was conducted entirely by the Central Government, and covered only handloom units, with the data collection being organised by the Department of Textiles. The Second Census included both handlooms and power looms (the first in case of power looms) and was launched by the Office of the Development Commissioner, Handlooms, in August/September 1995. On behalf of the Central Government, the National Council of Applied Economic
and Allied Workers' by Development Commissioner (Handloom) in April 2008. Unlike the previous census exercises, the entire census work for this round was entrusted to NCAER. The challenge for this round was not only the coverage of eligible households and workers, but also to photograph all adult handloom workers for the issuance of photo identity cards. The survey for the Third Census was initiated in September 2009 and covered all the 30 States/ Union Territories of India, across both rural and urban locations. The coverage of the third census of handlooms in 2009-10 is larger compared to the earlier census exercises conducted in 1987-88 and 1995-96.
Objectives of Third Handloom Census

The primary purpose of the Third Census of Handloom Units and Allied Activity Workers was to obtain the total number of units - both household and non-household - engaged in handloom activities, the number of workers (weavers and allied workers)
involved in such activities, photograph and individual details of all handloom workers (weavers and allied activity workers) aged 18 and above for the issuance of photo identity cards, and the count of looms (working and idle) available with both household and non-household units. The key objectives included: I Assessment of the total number of units - both households and non-households - engaged in handloom activities; I Assessment of the total number of workers (weavers and allied workers) involved in the activities of weaving, pre-loom activities (dying of yarn, warping/ winding, weft winding, sizing, testing, etc.) and/or post-loom activities (dying of fabric/calendaring/printing of fabric, made ups, etc.); I Assessment of the total number of looms - both households and non-households - and assessment of working and idle looms; I Assessment of the employment structure of the handloom sector for weavers and allied workers; and I Undertake the photography of all handloom weavers and allied activity workers aged 18 and above, and collect their individual details for photo identity cards.
meeting of Directors of all State Handloom Directorates on April 30, 2008, to inform them of the census exercise and its importance, and asked them to provide district-wise list of handloom concentrated villages and urban localities in their respective states, along with the approximate number of weaver households to NCAER to plan the primary data collection work. To call it a "Census", NCAER is expected to cover all the weaver households and allied workers in the list of villages/urban localities provided by Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and, additionally, cover other nearby villages with handloom weaver concentrations which are not in the list, if any, by enquiring from villagers/local authorities, subject to covering a maximum of 22.5 lakh weaver households. The Advisory Committee including Development Commissioner (Handlooms) agreed to call this methodology a "Census" and the Committee members suggested that this be clearly mentioned in the report.
the date of survey. Thus, due to the change in the eligibility criteria for the Third Census, the coverage included the enumeration of allied workers as well. The Third Census, having the dual purpose of estimating the handloom workers and looms (be they working or idle), also provided for the coverage of households with idle looms, that is, household units which have looms but could not operate them even for a single day during the last year for some reason or the other and thus kept the loom idle.
Issues of enquiry
The key areas of enquiry included the background of handloom worker households, information on looms, fabric, yarn consumption, production, and handloom activity related details of workers themselves. A copy of questionnaire is given in Annexure III. The following are issues included under the different areas of enquiry:
General characteristics of weaver household: This includes information on household size and composition in terms of age and gender; the social group to which the household belongs; the religion of the head of the household; the economic status of the household vis--vis details of the ownership of ration card and its type (APL, BPL, AAY); the type of dwelling unit, (kuchha, semi-pucca or pucca) and its ownership; the annual income from all sources and the annual income from handloom activity separately; the annual expenditure of the household; and details of indebtedness, the purpose of taking loan and the major source of loans. Information about looms: This includes the types of loom possessed by households (pit looms with and without dobby/ jacquard, frame looms with and without dobby/jacquard, pedal looms, loin looms and other types of looms); the total number of looms present in the house (working and idle); ownership of looms; the type of usage (domestic, commercial or mixed); and the type of yarn mostly used on the looms (mill spun or hand spun yarn). Information on production, inputs and sale: This includes information on three (or less) major fabrics (sari, dhoti, mekhla chaddar, towels/napkins, bedsheets, etc.) produced by households and the major yarn (cotton yarn of different counts; muga, eri, mulberry or other kinds of silk yarn; wool; viscose and blends; polyester; jute; etc.) that are used for weaving these
Target population and eligibility for inclusion under 2010 Census

The target population of the current census covers both household and non-household handloom units. Household handloom units are defined as households where one or more members were engaged in handloom related activities (weaving, preparatory and post-loom activities) for even one day in the past year (from the date of survey), with or without complete looms in their premises. It also includes households that have complete looms in their premises, but with no members engaged in handloom related activities. On the other hand, non-household handloom units includes all establishments that are owned by institutions or private owners, and undertakes handloom work for commercial purposes. These units may or may not own looms. The qualifying criteria or eligibility for the inclusion/enumeration of a weaver household in the earlier Census was the operation of a loom for at least 7 days during the past one year by any member of household, either within the premises of the household (with loom household) or outside the premises of the household (without loom household). Thus, households with members engaged exclusively in allied activities were not enumerated in earlier census. In contrast to this, the eligibility criteria of the Third Census (2009-10) included persons who had undertaken weaving or allied handloom activity even for one day in the year preceding
Geographical coverage and defining the 'Census' methodology

The Handloom Census operation is a mammoth exercise with countrywide reach. To undertake it in its true spirit, each village and town has to be covered and every household checked. This is extremely time consuming and requires huge commitment of national resources. Thus, it was decided to cover concentrated villages/urban blocks (having at least 5 weaver households) in order to minimise the cost of data collection. One of the prerequisite of primary data collection is the availability of a list of all such villages/urban localities in the country. In this context, it was decided that Development Commissioner (Handlooms) would provide district-wise lists of villages/urban localities with known handloom weaver concentrations. These were to form the basis of the survey for the Third Handloom Census, and this was clearly mentioned in the NCAER proposal submitted to Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and clarified during the First Advisory Committee meeting. To meet this goal, Development Commissioner (Handlooms) convened a
fabrics; major source for hank yarn, dyed yarn, and dyes and chemicals; place of sale of major products (local markets, master weavers, cooperative societies, traders, fairs/melas/exhibitions, etc.); average length (in metres) of fabric produced by per weaver per day; and the average consumption of yarn (in kilograms) per weaver per day.
Information on family members engaged in weaving and allied activities during the last one year: This includes information on the number of total handloom workers (all ages) in a household and the number of handloom workers in the age groups of (i) 18 years and above and (ii) 14 years to less than 18 years; and gender-wise breakup for each age group separately and all workers taken together. Profile of adult (18 years and above) family members engaged in weaving and allied activities during the last one year: This includes information on age, gender, level of educational attainment, type of handloom activity (weaving, pre-loom allied activity, post-loom allied activity), days of work in handloom activity in the last one year, nature of engagement (full-time or part-time); and the employment structure (independent production system, under master weaver/private owner or institutional). Every person available during the period of survey from whom these details were collected was photographed. Other miscellaneous information: This includes information on the membership of a household in cooperative societies dealing with handloom activity; the household's opinion on whether the children will pursue weaving or other handloom related activities; and whether the household perceives a threat to handloom activities from mills and power looms.
with coding and data entry (Annexure I). The data finalisation process was undertaken in four parts: (i) address check and correction, (ii) checking household data, (iii) checking the spellings of names of eligible card holders and their translation in local languages, and, (iv) checking the clarity and editing of photographs. Address checking was done with reference to Census 2001 data. As the address was a crucial part of the information, the survey data was checked and corrected for the spellings of village/town/block/ municipality/district/state which had weaver and allied worker households and their Census codes. The database was checked for outlier values and these figures were validated with the help of the hard copy log sheets maintained by each enumerator, which had handwritten information of key indicators for each surveyed household. The checking and editing of photographs was undertaken centrally at the main analysis offices of the survey agencies. A team under the guidance of a professional photographer was mobilised to check photo quality based on criteria fixed by NCAER, which included clarity of the photograph and availability of facial details from shoulder to top of head. The photographs found having quality issues were shared with a professional photo-edit team for carrying out corrections. However, the photographs that could not be edited had to be deleted from the database.
Quality assurance
The quality assurance on data quality was ensured at different stages of the data collection process. At the outset, with the survey on PDAs, the data range, consistency and logic check, relevant skips were incorporated in the questionnaire application, which greatly limited the errors in data collection. Also, with no intermittent steps of coding and post-survey data entry, the non-sampling errors associated these processes were also eliminated. A detailed census process is given in Annexure I. During data collection, the survey agencies carried out 15 per cent back-checks. The draft database with the 15 per cent back-check was submitted on a weekly basis to NCAER. 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the data was checked by NCAER throughout the period of the survey. Where the error was more than 3 per cent, the data was verified and corrected, or re-surveyed by the survey agency. After the data was finalized and processed, NCAER satisfied itself with the
Data collection and finalisation

Latest technology was deployed in the exercise of the data collection. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) with softwares that allowed capture of survey data and photographs as part of the household data record were used. This process reduced possible errors involved in linking the photograph with the household data, which otherwise could have been mismatched. The survey on PDAs also meant that a soft copy of the data was being created at the survey stage, thus eliminating non-sampling errors linked
quality of data through the process of internal consistency, comparison with similar data in the past and validation of key demographic parameters with nationally recognized databases like the Census 2001 and the National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS 3). In areas where current trends differed from past data, local knowledge and perception was included to arrive at reasons that could account for the differences. There has been some departure in the operative definition of "handloom worker" as it was used in the first two rounds and the Third Census. In the first two rounds, the coverage included only weaver households, although all workers (weaver and allied workers) within the households were covered. In the Third Census, while the coverage included all weaver households, it also included allied worker households (that is, households with no weavers or looms, but members undertaking pre-loom and/or post-loom work) and idle loom households in its principle of inclusion of all handloom workers and all complete looms. The report for the Third Handloom Census was released on December 23, 2010. The report includes socio-economic data of handloom worker households on parameters such as the household size; the number of handloom workers in the adult (18 years and above) and under-age (less than 18 years) groups; the social group; the type of ration card owned; type and ownership of dwelling unit; the current state of indebtedness and purpose of taking the loan; and the annual household income from different sources, including the income from handloom work. Other parameters included are age, gender, level of education, type of handloom work primarily undertaken (weaving or allied activity), number of days worked in handloom activity in the previous year, nature of employment (full-time or part-time), employment status (independent, under institutional structure like cooperative societies/KVIC/SHDC, or working under private employment like master weaver). Finally, the report details the information on complete looms (both household and non-household). The information presented on this includes the type of loom, its functional status (working or idle), the purpose of usage (domestic, commercial or mixed), the type of yarn primarily used on the loom (hand spun or mill spun), the kind of fabric woven and the average consumption of yarn per weaver per day, as well as the average production in
length of fabric per weaver per day. The data is presented at the national and regional levels. The data trends have shown that the characteristics of the North-Eastern states (which are primarily into domestic weaving) are distinctly different from the rest of India, where it is mostly commercial work. It would be important for data users to adopt a certain degree of caution while making analysis and drawing inferences. The concepts and definitions used in the Third Census have to be carefully studied and issues related to ground situations encountered during the canvassing of the household questionnaire have to be recognised in order to appreciate the limitation of the data collected in such a mammoth exercise. Though all humanly possible precautions were put in place to ensure data accuracy and validation, the possibility of small processing errors cannot be totally ruled out. Though the data has to be understood in proper perspective, it must be clarified that unintended errors, if any, should not affect any policy planning exercise or analysis.
Limitations of the Census

As in the case of all large surveys, this Third Handloom Census also has its limitations, and the data should be viewed in light of these limitations. The census coverage is based on the list of districts, villages and towns which
have a concentration of handloom weavers provided by State and Union Territory governments. In areas where these lists are not updated or inaccurate, there is always a possibility that some handloom weaver locations have been missed in the coverage. The survey teams, however, tried their best to locally (within listed districts) validate the survey lists in the listed districts and blocks, and cover other unlisted concentrations by snowballing information of local knowledgeable persons and district and block government officials. However, districts which have not been listed by the state governments have not been covered. In each location, field teams consulted local knowledge leaders - gram panchayat members in villages and ward councillors in towns - to identify locations with handloom weaver concentrations. The field teams snowballed this information to undertake enumerations as complete as possible. However, if there are concentrations of handloom weavers in remote locations such as small hamlets unknown even to local persons, they could have been missed out in the enumeration process. In every survey location, there were households that were not available on the days of survey. Such households were visited three times during the census operations, and those that remained unavailable, could not be included in the coverage. The census information was collected
by the 'self declaration approach'. All information provided in the survey is by adult respondents in handloom worker households. Only part of this information was checked by enumerators, and these include information on looms and the handloom activity pursued by members of the households. The data collection in the census is a mix of alphanumeric data and photographs. This data was collected by persons who are trained to undertake survey exercise. In preparation for different data forms in the census, they were also trained to use PDAs to photograph all eligible persons. However, the investigators lacked specific photography skills. Thus, though most of the photographs were reasonably good, about 10 per cent of the photographs had to be deleted from the final database due to a lack of clarity in them. Additionally, some of the handloom workers eligible for photo-identity cards were not available at the time of their household interview despite follow-up visits. Such persons could not be photographed, and account for 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the total eligible population. Results presented in this report are based on the population covered and information reported by the respondent. It is important to keep these limitations in mind while drawing any conclusion from results presented in this report.
Chapter
2
Basic Concepts and Definitions Handloom Census 2010
t is important for the readers and data users to familiarise themselves with the concepts and definition of the terms that have been used for proper appreciation of the data contained in this publication. This understanding will allow meaningful comparisons with the census data of the previous rounds of the Handloom Census, and similar data generated by other agencies.
The concepts and definitions adopted at the Third Handloom Census, 2010, are as given below:
Rural-urban areas: The rural and urban areas of the country are taken from Census 2001, for which the required information is available with the Survey Design and Research Division of the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO). The lists of Census villages as published in the Primary Census Abstracts (PCA) constitute the rural areas. The lists of cities, towns, cantonments, non-municipal urban areas and notified areas constitute urban areas. The definition of urban areas adopted for this study is the same as that used in the 2001
by individual State and Union Territory governments, and was the basis for census coverage. During the census operations, other known handloom concentrations outside this list have also been covered, if information about their presence was made available to the survey teams by local authorities and panchayats.
Structure of dwelling unit: G Kuchha house: Kuchha house is one whose walls and roof are made of nonpucca materials. Non-pucca materials include unburnt bricks, bamboo, mud, grass, leaves, reeds, thatch, etc. G Semi-pucca house: A semi-pucca house is a structure that has have either the walls or the roof but not both, made of pucca materials. G Pucca house: A pucca house is a structure whose walls and roof are made of pucca materials such as cement, concrete, oven-burnt bricks, stone, iron, timber, tiles, slate, plywood, and artificial wood of synthetic material.
Census. Accordingly, urban areas include: G All places with a municipality/ corporation, cantonment board or a notified town area committee; G All other places satisfying the following criteria: G Minimum population of 5,000, G At least 75 per cent of the male workforce is engaged in non-agricultural pursuits, and G A population density of over 400 per sq km (1,000 per sq mile). For the Third Handloom Census, a list of rural and urban locations with handloom clusters in identified districts of different states and Union Territories has been listed
Household: A household is defined as a person or a group of persons who live under the same roof and share the same kitchen and have been living together for more than six months. Household members may include servants, lodgers, farm workers and other such individuals who live and take meals within the household, even though they may have no blood-relation to the household head. Thus, household members do not necessarily have to belong to one family. If a person was out for more than six months on the date of canvassing, he/she was not treated as a member of the household. Those entering the household on account of marriage or other alliances and new-born babies were counted as members of the household, even if they lived with the household for less than six months. People who live in the same dwelling but do not share food expenses or eat meals together were not considered members of the same household. For example, if two brothers, each having his own family, lived in the same house, but maintained separate food budgets and cooking facilities, they would constitute two separate households. Likewise, people who ate together but did not sleep in the same dwelling were not considered members of the same household. However, exception to this rule could be made in the case of those persons who would normally take their meals together and for all purposes lived together, but may sometimes sleep in other places for security reasons (for example, with livestock, in shop or other places of business). Handloom household unit: A handloom household unit is defined as one that has any member of the household undertaking handloom related work (either weaving on the loom, or as pre-loom or post-loom allied activity, other than marketing) even for one day in the last one year (preceding the survey date), either within the premises of the house or outside the household premises. Handloom non-household unit: A handloom non-household unit is an establishment, which could be run by a private owner or a society, such as a master weaver, cooperative societies, handloom development corporation, etc. These could be placed in work sheds in the premises of non-household units, or else, they could be distributed in the houses of the hired weavers. In some cases, a mixed arrangement could be followed, with some of the looms on the premises, and the rest distributed in the houses of the hired weavers. Usually the non-household units operate by
employing hired weavers. G Cooperative society: The cooperative structure in the handloom sector is twofold: apex society and primary society. The apex society is an umbrella body for primary societies. Hence, weavers are basically members of primary societies. G Master weavers: A master weaver also refers as a generic term to people who get the yarn sized, supply beams to smaller owner, get the fabric woven and get the cloth processed. This system of master weaver has evolved over years. In the past, master weavers used to advance yarn to weavers working in their own houses. In recent years, many master weavers have set up common sheds for weaving, where hired weavers come and undertake production activities.
Types of handloom households: G Weaver household: A weaver household unit is defined as one that has any member of the household who operated a loom even for one day in the last one year (preceding the survey date), either within the premises of the house (classifying the household as a 'with loom household') or outside the household premises (classifying the household as 'without loom household'). The following combinations would describe a weaver household: a. Households who own and operate looms in their household premises; b. Households who own and operate looms at a place other than their household premises; c. Households who don't own looms but engage in weaving activities and have loom(s) placed in their household premises; and d. Households who don't own looms but engage in weaving activities (outside the household premises) and who are without any loom in the house premises.
G
the house or outside the household premises. These households did not have any members engaged in weaving activity within or outside the premises, nor did they have a loom within their premises. Idle loom household: An idle loom household is defined one having a loom but not operated during last year and none of the members engaged in weaving or allied activity. Other households: These are households with one or more members aged less than 18 years engaged in handloom activities but with no adult members (18 years and above) engaged in handloom activities.
Types of handloom households by ownership of looms: G With loom household: These are households that have looms in their premises (which maybe or may not be owned by the household) with or without any member of the household engaged in handloom related activities. G Without loom household: These are households that do not have any loom within the household premises. These could either be hired weaver households or allied worker households. Types of handloom households by activity status: G Domestic: Handloom work that is undertaken primarily for noncommercial purposes such as making fabrics for domestic consumption may be regarded as domestic handloom activity. G Commercial: Handloom work - including weaving and allied work - that is undertaken as an occupation, and the product or service is primarily made for market consumption may be regarded as commercial handloom activity. Child, children and adults work force: Since different legislations regarding children have come into existence with different and specific purposes, a uniform definition of who is a "child" may not be possible. For instance, the age of consent for sexual intercourse would be lower than 18 because consensual sex above the age of 16 is fairly widespread and routine. Similarly, the objective behind the Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986, is to ban child labour completely below the age of 14 and regulate it above that age and, therefore, the definition of a child is in tune with these objectives.
Allied worker household: An allied worker household unit is defined as one that has any member of the household who has undertaken pre-loom (dying of yarn, warping/ winding, weft winding, sizing, testing, etc.) and/or post-loom activities (dying of fabric/calendaring/printing of fabric, made ups, etc.), even for one day in the last one year (preceding the survey date), either within the premises of
Not all work is bad for children. Some social scientists point out that some kinds of work may be completely unobjectionable, except for one thing about the work that in some way may harm or exploit them (physically, mentally, morally, or by blocking children from education). Thus, for the purpose of the current census, it was decided in consultation with Development Commissioner (Handlooms) that all the persons below 14 years of age will be considered as "CHILDREN" and photo identity cards will be issued only to those weavers and allied workers who attained 18 years and above, who are referred to as adult, and therefore details of only weavers and allied workers aged 18 years and above were to be considered and only their photographs taken. G Adult handloom worker: An handloom worker who is aged 18 years and above, and is eligible for survey for issuance of handloom photo identity card. G Handloom worker aged less than 18 years are the under-age workers in handloom activity, whose details have not been separately captured, and are therefore not eligible for issuance of photo identity cards under the Third Handloom Census.
Full-/Part-time handloom workers: Persons who operate looms or work on allied work on a full-time basis, that is, those who engage exclusively on handloom activity should be treated as full-time workers. However, part-time handloom workers are persons engaged in occupations other than weaving or allied handloom work and who operate looms or undertake handloom allied activity only during their leisure hours or when the regular weavers/allied workers are out on lunch, tea, etc. Independent workers: An independent worker describes a production system in which the worker purchases raw materials from the market, makes cloth or allied activity product/service (warp product, weft product, sizing, calendaring, made ups, etc.) and sells the woven finished products or services in the market independently, all on his own. Earnings and profitability of the worker depends on market conditions, productivity, managerial skill, etc., and they are fully exposed to market/business risks. Hired workers: Under the bani/contract system, a worker is not exposed to business risks. In this system, workers get raw materials from
master weavers/mahajans or traders and return finished products or services to them. In return, the weaver gets wages, which are paid in accordance with work performed by them. Hired workers may work under an institutional structure like a cooperative society, Khadi and Village Industries Commission, State Handloom Development Corporation, etc. They may also work under private entrepreneurs like master weavers or traders.
Level of Education: G Never attended school: A person classified under this category has never attended school or studied in the school at any time of his/her life. He/she may be literate or illiterate. For instance, a person who cannot both read and write with understanding in any language is to be taken as illiterate. If a person can both read and write with understanding in any language, but has not attended formal school or studied in a formal school in any time of his/her life may be classified as literate without formal schooling. G Below primary school level: A person classified under this category has attended school, but has not passed 5th standard. G Primary school level: A person classified under this category has passed 5th standard. G Middle school level: A person classified under this category has passed 8th standard, but has not passed 10th standard. G High school/secondary school level: A person classified under this category has passed 10th standard/ matriculation/secondary, but has not passed 12th standard/ intermediate/ higher secondary. G Higher Secondary school level: A person classified under this category has passed 12th standard/ intermediate/ higher secondary, but has not completed graduation. G Graduate and above: A person classified under this category has completed graduation/B.Tech./BBA/ BCA/ MBBS. The person might have completed only graduation or might have done Masters/Post Graduation/ MTech/ MCA/ MD/ Equivalent or PhD. G Others (with different educational attainment): This category includes persons with other qualifications such as non-technical/technical diploma or certificate not equivalent to degree.
Complete looms: A complete loom is one which has all parts intact, and can be put to use at any time. All looms enumerated under the Third Handloom Census - either working or idle - are only of this type. There would be occasions when some of the looms are dismantled and kept in the storage areas. Such looms have to be checked and assessed to ensure that all the key components are available and not damaged. G Working looms: A working loom is defined as a complete loom that has been operated at least for one day during the last one year or is at present working. G Idle looms: A complete but idle loom is defined as the loom that has not been used for even a single day during the last one year. If some looms with households remain idle at the time of enumerator's visit temporarily, such idleness should not be taken into account. Types of looms: G Pit looms with dobby/jacquard: These are fly shuttle pit looms fitted with Dobby/Jacquard. A Dobby loom is a type of pit loom that controls warp threads using a device called a Dobby, short for "draw boy" which refers to the weaver's helpers who used to control the warp thread by pulling on draw threads. The other accessory for controlling the design element in the fabric is the 'Jacquard', which operates through a series of punch cards. G Other pit looms: A pit loom is one where the weaver sits in a pit and operates the loom and the loom itself is fitted into the pit. The pedals for working the shedding motion (tana) are placed in the pit. There can be two different types of pit looms. In the first case, the shuttle that moves across the loom inserting the weft (bana) yarn is thrown manually by the weaver from one side to other, and so this loom does not have a slay (a set of strings
PIT LOOM
FRAME LOOM
which operates the shuttle) attached to the frame. In the second type of pit loom, the shuttle with the weft automatically flies from one side to the other with the movement of slay. There may be certain types of improved pit looms that are raised above the ground. All these looms were recorded under the pit looms. G Frame looms with dobby/jacquard: The frame loom can be fitted with either a Dobby or a Jacquard for introducing embroidery in the fabric. Thus, a frame loom with a Dobby or a Jacquard makes embroidered hand woven fabrics such as saris, other kinds of embroidered cloths, furnishings, etc. G Other frame looms: An ordinary frame loom is fitted into a frame above the ground. Frame loom followed basically the same principles as ground or pit looms. The loom was originally made out of wood sticks and boards attached at right angles (producing a box-like shape), which meant that it was portable and could even be held in the weaver's lap. Today, frame looms are much larger, with strong rectangular wooden rods replacing the earlier sticks, although the frame is still in the shape of a large box or case. This can be moved, but is usually kept at one place on the ground, with the weaver seated at an elevated bench at one end. This is less expensive and a more compact alternative to a table or floor loom. The frame loom is a very versatile loom and can make many kinds of fabrics, usually medium to course, and for such looms, production is faster than a pit or loin loom. G Pedal looms: Pedal looms are semi-
automatic looms, with the only activity manual being the shedding motion (tana) with the use of the pedal. The other motions of weaving including the picking (bana) and the beating motion are done automatically. The loom itself almost looks like a power loom, with the metallic frame. Usually, simple fabrics are woven on this loom like dhotis, angavastram, etc. Usually attachments like Dobby or Jacquard are not used, so most of the fabrics produced have no embroideries over and above the weave. The production is much faster as compared to other kinds of handlooms. Some pedal looms have all weaving motions undertaken automatically, but the pedal is automatically operated providing power to the loom. G Loin looms: Loin looms are largely found in the North-Eastern states of the country. This is a simple device where one end of the loom is tied normally to the trunk of a tree or any other fixture like a pole, etc., while the other end is rested at the loin of the weaver, and there is usually a belt tied around the weaver's waist to keep the frame taut. There is no pedal for the shedding motion, and every weaving motion is done by hand. Usually fabrics like shawls, chaddars, and sometimes wall-hangings and small durries are woven on these frames. This is a portable looms and can be carried by the weaver anywhere. G Other looms: Semi-automatic looms are those where part of the operations, namely, shedding, picking and beating or warp let-off and cloth let-off are automatic. These include Chittaranjan looms, Inchakaranji looms, modernized Malabar looms, etc. All these looms and also other types of looms, if any, were covered under other looms.
OTHER FRAME LOOM

Number of days work per household for all adult handloom worker: Under this head, the total days of work quoted by all adult handloom workers in a household was counted. Average number of days work per adult handloom worker: This is the total days of work quoted by all adult handloom workers in a household divided by total adult handloom workers in the household. Average number of days of work per adult handloom weaver: This is the total days of work quoted by all adult handloom weavers in a household divided by total adult handloom weavers in the household. Average number of days of work per adult handloom allied worker: This is the total days of work quoted by all adult handloom allied workers in a household divided by total adult handloom allied workers in the household. Work participation rate of handloom workers: This is defined as the percentage of total handloom workers (full-time and part-time) to total population of handloom worker households. Thus,
Work participation rate of handloom workers = Total handloom workers (full-time and part-time) X 100 Total population of handloom worker households
Literacy rate of adult handloom workers: The census defines the literacy rate as the percentage of literates to the total population aged 7 years and above. In the Third Census, the literacy rate of adult handloom weavers has been defined as the percentage of total literate adult handloom workers to total adult handloom workers. Thus,
Literacy rate of adult handloom workers = Total literate adult handloom workers X 100 Total adult handloom workers
LOIN LOOM
Chapter
3
Demographic Profile of Handloom Worker Households
n the Third Handloom Census, 2010, nearly 27.83 lakh handloom worker households have been enumerated across 29 states and Union Territories of India. Of this, nearly 87 per cent are in rural areas and remaining 13 per cent in urban areas (see Figure 3.1). The average family size of households engaged in handloom related activities is 4.59 persons (4.63 in rural areas and 4.29 for urban areas).
It is of interest to note the geographical location of people engaged in this sector to know where the skills and potentials are largely concentrated, so that due focus and incentives could be channelled into building up the industry. As is well-known, the reservoir of handloom skills is concentrated in the North-Eastern states, who together account for 16.83 lakh (60.5%) handloom households (Table 3.1). Assam alone accounts for 12.41 lakh (44.6%) handloom households, whereas Manipur and Tripura have 1.79 lakh (6.4%) and 1.21 lakh (4.3%) such households, respectively. Other states with comparatively large handloom household concentrations are: G West Bengal: 4.07 lakh (14.6%). Andhra Pradesh: 1.77 lakh (6.4%). Tamil Nadu: 1.89 lakh (6.8%). G Uttar Pradesh: 1.11 lakh (4.0%).
G G
FIGURE 3.1: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS
Distribution of handloom worker households by social groups

Across all social configurations, handloom work is primarily undertaken by Other Backward Castes (OBC) households, and OBCs are found to be the dominant caste group among handloom worker households. A good proportion is found to be from the Scheduled Tribes (ST) category, and this proportion is high especially in the NorthEastern states (other than Assam). Scheduled Castes (SC) households form a relatively small proportion of handloom worker
Annexure II: Table 3.1
households, and almost one-fourth of all handloom households belong to the other category (Figure 3.2). A caste-wise distribution of such households is given below: G OBCs: 11.39 lakh (40.9%). G Others: 7.56 lakh (27.2%). G STs: 6.15 lakh (22.1%).
TABLE 3.1: STATE-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS

States/UTs
Assam West Bengal Tamil Nadu Manipur Andhra Pradesh Tripura Uttar Pradesh Nagaland Orissa Mizoram Karnataka Arunachal Pradesh Bihar Rajasthan Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Kerala Meghalaya Uttaranchal Madhya Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Haryana Gujarat Chhattisgarh Punjab Maharashtra Delhi Puducherry Sikkim All India
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Total handloom worker Per cent households ('000) distribution 1,241 44.58 407 14.61 189 6.79 179 6.43 177 6.36 121 4.33 111 3.97 61 2.19 41 1.46 39 1.42 38 1.35 30 1.09 25 0.92 23 0.81 17 0.62 14 0.51 12 0.42 11 0.41 11 0.38 9 0.31 7 0.25 6 0.23 4 0.13 3 0.10 2 0.09 2 0.07 2 0.07 2 0.06 1 0.02 2,783 100.0
Share (%) to total households in state 21.7 2.1 1.2 33.7 1.0 17.6 0.4 9.7 0.5 18.9 0.3 12.7 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.1 2.3 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.5 1.26
FIGURE 3.2: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS
households form a small 14 per cent, while ST households form less than 2 per cent of the total. The caste distribution of the handloom worker households in states outside the North-East is as follows: G Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka have OBC households as the dominant social group, and the remaining households mainly belonging to Others. G West Bengal has 62.6 per cent of handloom households belonging to the Others, and another 25.2 per cent households are from the SC category. G In Orissa, most handloom households are OBC, with SC households comprising less than a sixth of the total households. G Uttar Pradesh and other states have mostly OBC handloom households, but also have significant proportion of SC and Others households.
SCs: 2.73 lakh (9.8%).
About 87 per cent of all handloom households of different caste groups live in rural areas, but the proportion of ST households living in rural areas (97.3%) is much higher than other social groups (Table 3.2). The caste distribution of handloom household units across major handloom concentrated states shows wide differences (Figure 3.3). However, we noted a few exceptions to this general pattern as below: G The North-Eastern states have a very different caste distribution, and include OBCs (32.8%), STs (35.7%) and Others (24.4%) as major handloom household groups. SC households, although present, are few (7.1%). This caste distribution is somewhat
reflective of the rural caste distribution of the combined population in the North-East. This is primarily because handloom weaving is part of the culture across all social groups, and a majority of households, especially in rural areas, have a good part of the domestic fabric requirement produced within the house. Thus, weaving in such cases is not undertaken by any particular caste or occupational group. G In states outside the North-East, caste distribution is significantly different. In these states, of all handloom households 53.3 per cent are OBCs. The other social group taking up handloom work is the 'Others' group, which accounts for 31.4 per cent of the total handloom households. SC
Distribution of handloom worker households by religion

The majority (77.6%) of handloom worker households follow Hindu religion, though about a sixth are Muslims (Table 3.3). About 7.3 per cent of handloom households are from other faiths, mostly Christians. While Hindu and Muslim handloom households are to be found in most states, the North-Eastern states account for a large proportion of Christian handloom households. The rural share of the Hindu Handloom
FIGURE 3.3: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS
TABLE 3.2: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS

Social groups
Schedule castes (SCs) Schedule tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total
Annexure II: Table 3.2, Page No.
Households (Lakh) 2.73 6.15 11.39 7.56 27.83
Distribution of households (%) 9.8 22.1 40.9 27.2 100.0
Rural share (%) 86.5 97.3 81.5 87.0 87.0
Distribution of handloom worker households by possession of loom

One of the major ways of classifying handloom households is by the (non)availability of a loom. The presence of looms would indicate weaver households, except where the looms are idle. However, this is not to say that all handloom households without looms are in allied handloom work; there are many households without looms who work as hired weavers in other premises for wages. There is also a very small proportion of households who are forced to keep their looms in a neighbour's or relative's house due to space constraints. Likewise, all households that have looms are not owners of looms, nor are they independent workers. There are many households with looms which belong to master weavers/traders/ cooperative societies, and such households work under an employment system for wages. There are also some households who own looms, but are working under a contract system for wages. At the all-India level, it is seen that a majority of handloom households are those with looms, with the proportion of such households being higher in rural areas. It can be inferred from this that there are more hired weavers in urban areas, and more independent weavers in the rural areas (Annexure II: Table 3.4). A percentage breakup of households with and without looms and their rural/urban location is as follows: G Households with looms (66.5%): 69 per cent and 50.4 per cent in rural and urban areas, respectively. G Households without looms (33.5%): 31 per cent and 49 per cent in rural and urban areas, respectively.
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TABLE 3.3: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY RELIGION

Religion
Hindus Muslims Others Total
Households (Lakh) 21.60 4.19 2.04 27.83
Distribution of households (%) 77.6 15.0 7.3 100.0
Rural share (%) 87.6 80.7 93.1 87.0
households follows similar trends of the overall rural share of the handloom households. However, it is seen that a comparatively higher proportion of Muslim handloom households are located in urban areas, while a comparatively higher proportion of households of other religions (including Christians) are located in rural areas. A state-wise distribution shows that Hindu households are the majority in most states (Figure 3.4), with exceptions in: G Uttar Pradesh, where 85.4 per cent households are Muslim, G West Bengal, where 36.6 per cent households are Muslim, and G The group termed 'other states', where 44.2 per cent households are Muslim.
If one contrasts the religion-wise distribution of households in the North-East with other states, it is seen that there is a small proportion which is not Hindus. Of these, the proportion of other religion households (11.6%) primarily Christian households - is more than Muslim households (6.1%). In states other than the North-East, though the majority is still formed by Hindu handloom worker households, the proportion of Muslim households (28.7%) is significant, while Christian and other religion households (less than 1%) have a very small proportion.
FIGURE 3.4: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY RELIGION
12
There are state-wise variations as well on the proportion of households with looms, which is as follows: G North-Eastern states: 80.2%. G States other than the North-East: 45.7%. A state-wise distribution of loom owning households outside the North-East is as follows: G Orissa: 77.5%. G Tamil Nadu: 55.6%. G Karnataka: 52.8%. G Uttar Pradesh: 52.4%. G Andhra Pradesh: 42.5%. G West Bengal: 42.8%. G Other states: 27.9%.
TABLE 3.4: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE

Type of households Households Distribution of Rural share (Lakh) households (%) (%) Weaver households 22.68 81.5 87.5 Allied worker households 3.91 14.1 80.8 Idle loom households 0.81 2.9 96.6 Others (households with no adult worker) 0.43 1.5 96.6 Total 27.83 100.0 87.0
Distribution of handloom worker households by type

Most handloom worker households are weaver households and only less than a sixth of the total households pursue only allied work. Weaver households form the majority of handloom worker households located in rural India. This follows the pattern of most weaver households being found in villages (Table 3.4). A distribution is as follows: G Weaver households: 22.68 lakh household units (81.5%). G Allied households: 3.91 lakh household units (14.1%). G Weaver households located in rural areas: 87.5%. G Allied households located in rural areas: 80.8 %. Regional distribution of handloom worker households by type gives two categories (Figure 3.5). The first category is
of states where handloom worker households are mostly weaver households, as in the case of the North-Eastern states. The second category of states includes all states of India outside the North-East, with West Bengal showing a particularly high proportion of households into allied handloom work. In the Third Handloom Census, the households were classified based on a combination of indicators including loom ownership and type of activity undertaken, with inference to the employment structure. Thus, the main classifications of handloom worker households were:
I. Independent weaver households (A): These are households that own and operate looms in their own house. II. Independent weaver households (B): These are households that own and operate looms at a place other than their residence. III. Hired weaver households with handloom activity in the premises: These are households that do not own looms but engage in weaving activities with loom placed in their premises.
IV. Hired weaver households with weaving undertaken in their premises outside the house: These are households that do not own looms but engage in weaving activities without any loom placed in premise. V. Allied worker households: These are households that do not own looms but engage in allied activities. VI. Idle loom households: These are households that own looms but did not operate them during the last one year. VII. Households with idle looms, but member undertaking weaving or allied activity outside the house as hired worker: These are households that own looms but did not operate then during last the one year. However, they engaged in weaving and allied activity. The majority of the handloom worker households (26.67 lakh or 95.8%) belong to the first 5 categories and the major attributes of such households are: I. Independent weaver households with looms placed in their premises G They constitute about 53 per cent of the total households (26.67 lakh). G While the average number of adult
FIGURE 3.5: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE
family members engaged in handloom activities is about 1.55, there is higher representation of female members than male members. G About 0.21 workers per household are engaged in pre-loom allied activities but rarely in post-loom allied activities. G Average number of days worked per weaver household is 229 days. G Among such households, a higher proportion of households who own and operate looms in their houses have Below Poverty Line (BPL) ration cards (36.5%) and Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) cards (11.3%).
II. Independent weaver households with looms placed outside the premises G Such households are about 7 per cent of total households (26.67 lakhs). G While the average number of adult family members engaged in handloom activities is about 1.30, there is higher representation of female members than male members. G Average number of days worked per weaver household is 253 days. G Most (46.5%) in this group of households do not have ration cards, and most of the remaining have a BPL card (34.5%) III. Hired weaver households with handloom activity in the premises G Such households are about 5 per cent of total households (26.67 lakhs). G In such households, there is higher proportion of male participation, though there are more female workers per household. Such households also
TABLE 3.5: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE OF LOOM

Purpose
Domestic Commercial Both domestic and commercial Idle loom Total
13
Rural share (%) 97.8 79.0 92.6 96.6 87.0
Households (Lakh) 7.86 14.78 4.38 0.81 27.83
FIGURE 3.6: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE AND LOCATION
These households also have 0.27 worker per household undertaking pre-loom allied activity, and 0.01 worker per household undertaking post-loom allied activity. G Days worked per weaver is highest (291 days) in hired weaver households that have looms placed in their premises, and as compared to the other weaver household categories, the days per allied worker is comparatively high (65 days). G Most of such households own BPL (37.7%) or APL (43.7%) ration cards, which suggests that they get differential wage rates.
G
have a higher number of adult workers per household (1.63). G Such households have a relatively higher proportion of under-age workers (0.3 per household).
IV. Hired weaver households with weaving undertaken in premises outside the house G Such households are about 20 per cent of total households (26.67 lakhs). G These are higher proportion of male workers in hired weaver households: male participation is comparatively high, although there are more female workers per household. G The number of adult workers per household is comparatively low (1.3)
TABLE 3.6: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD

Type of ration card
Antodaya anna yojana (AAY) card Below poverty line (BPL) card Above poverty line (APL) card No ration card Total
Households (Lakh) 2.71 10.27 9.59 5.26 27.83
Rural share (%) 93.4 82.1 88.1 91.2 87.0
14
as compared to other categories of households, where hired weavers have to go outside the house for work. Such households also have a presence of under-age workers (0.2 workers per household). G In such households, 0.19 workers per household undertake pre-loom allied activity, but none undertake post-loom allied activity. G The days of work per weaver are 218 days and 44 days per allied worker. G Most of such households own BPL (40.1%) cards. APL ration card owners account for 31.6 per cent of the households, as wages for hired weaving activity are not same across the board, but differ with type of fabric (silk sari and cotton sari/gamcha), and between young and skilled weavers, as well as between male and female weavers, with higher weightage for males, skilled weavers and more costly yarn.
V. Allied worker households G Such households are about 15 per cent of total households (26.67 lakhs). G Almost half (51%) of the allied worker population is from the allied
worker households. There are lower numbers of adult workers per household (1.2) and these are mostly female (1.02). G In such household, 1.2 workers per household undertake pre-loom allied handloom work, while 0.03 workers undertake post-loom allied activity. G The number of days worked per allied worker (251 days) is highest in the allied worker households. G A higher proportion of the allied worker households have BPL ration cards (42.6%), than APL cards (38%). This suggests that allied work is remunerative for some kinds of work while not for others. For example, winding of the warping drum is very remunerative, while winding the pirns for weft preparation is not.
G
Distribution of handloom worker households by purpose of usage of loom - domestic vs. commercial
The income from the handloom sector activity is relevant for assessment only in cases where the worker undertakes commercial production, or a mix of domestic
and commercial production. About 15 lakh handloom households (53.1%) undertake handloom work for commercial purposes only, while another 4.38 lakh households (15.8%) undertake a mix of domestic and commercial production (Table 3.5). Of the 3.62 lakh handloom households in urban areas, most (85.5%) are engaged exclusively for commercial purposes (Figure 3.6). There is also a small segment (9%) which undertakes mixed production. Thus, an overwhelming majority (95%) of handloom households situated in urban areas are into commercial production. Comparatively, a much larger proportion of the rural households (31.8% rural compared to 4.7% urban) undertake handloom activity for domestic purposes only (Figure 3.6). A state-wise analysis on type of production shows that all states are primarily into commercial production, except for the North-Eastern states (Figure 3.7). There is a small extent of households engaged in domestic or mixed production in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal, in comparison to states like Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh, where almost all handloom households are engaged in purely commercial production. In the North-East, the production systems differ completely from the rest of the country. Almost half (45.9%) of the households are engaged in domestic production and, therefore, there is no direct contribution of handloom work to household income. Just a little over a fourth (25.2%) of the households work solely for commercial production, and slightly less than a fourth (24.4%) undertake mixed production. The proportion of idle looms in the North-Eastern
FIGURE 3.7: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE
AAY CARD
states is also the highest (4.5%) in the country.
BPL CARD
accommodation arrangement (Annexure II: Table 3.7).
APL CARD
of the poor. To doubly ensure the accuracy of the response, the colour of the paper used for the ration card was also probed, as the ration cards of different categories are differently coloured. However, the colour of different categories of cards was found to vary between states, and the colourrelated probe was thus state specific. For instance, in Andhra Pradesh, the APL card is pink, the BPL card is white, and the AAY card is blue, while in Tamil Nadu, the APL card is white, the BPL card light green, and the AAY card is yellow. In Assam, the APL card is yellow, the BPL card is pink and the AAY card is green. In West Bengal, the APL card is white, the BPL card is pink, and the AAY card is pink with AAY printed on it. Wherever possible, the investigator had requested the card to be shown and thus verified the type of the card owned. In many cases, the ration card was either in tatters and not discernible, or was on a slip of paper, with inked entries of the ration off-take. In many cases, the ration cards were old and barely recognisable. Wherever a respondent mentioned that they had a ration card, but this not available at the time of survey, the respondents were asked for a verbal feedback. It is often mistakenly believed that handloom work is mostly undertaken in economically weaker households. Though about half the handloom workers are from the economically weaker sections, it is also true that some households earn well from the trade. There are others who undertake handloom work as a cultural activity mostly for domestic production, and are economically
15
Type and ownership of dwelling units

More than half the handloom households stay in kuccha dwellings and the remaining stay mostly in semi-pucca dwellings (Annexure II: Table 3.6). G 54.6 per cent households live in kuchha dwellings, of which 59.5 per cent are in rural areas and 21.3 per cent are in urban areas. G 30.7 per cent households live in semi-pucca dwellings, of which 28.0 per cent are in rural areas and 49.0 per cent are in urban areas. G 14.7 per cent households live in pucca dwellings, of which 12.5 per cent are in rural areas and 29.7 per cent are in urban areas. Irrespective of the type of dwelling they reside in, most households report owning their dwellings (90.9%). The rest stay in rented (5.2%) or other kinds of accommodation arrangements (3.9%). In the handloom sector, it is seen that some of the workers migrate from different districts to work for some months in the year in other handloom concentrated districts. In the event that the work is for few months only, it has been found that either a group of workers of a handloom unit stay together in a separate accommodation, or they stay in the premises of the employer, with adjustment of the wages towards rent, and these are coded as other kinds of
Type of ration card owned

During the household survey, the respondents were asked what kind (and colour) of ration cards they owned, and the information was recorded as per their feedback. The various ration cards that could be owned are the Above Poverty Line (APL) card, Below Poverty Line (BPL) card or the Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) card, which is also a BPL card but meant for the poorest
FIGURE 3.8: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD AND LOCATION
FIGURE 3.9: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD
16
stable. In short, the data distribution of card-ownership was recorded as follows (also see Table 3.6): G 10.27 lakh households (36.9%) have BPL ration cards. G 2.71 lakh households (9.7%) have AAY ration cards. G 9.59 lakh households (34.5%) have APL ration cards. G 5.26 lakh households (18.9%) have no ration cards as they may be seasonal migrant weavers. It was found that urban handloom
households have 50.7 per cent BPL households, with 4.9 per cent from the poorest of the poor section (AAY cards). In rural areas, though BPL handloom households make up only 34.8 per cent, there is a much higher proportion of AAY households and accounts for 10.5 per cent of the total rural handloom households (Figure 3.8). In the states outside of North-East, the proportion of BPL households (58.2%) including AAY households - is much higher. These are also states primarily into commercial production. Thus, by inference,
the income from handloom is very low in states primarily focussed on commercial production. The states where majority of the handloom households are BPL are Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. States where BPL households constitute between 40 per cent and 45 per cent of the total handloom households are Orissa and the group termed 'other states'. The North-Eastern states and West Bengal have less than 40 per cent of the households as BPL (including AAY) (Figure 3.9).
Chapter
4
Profile of Handloom Workers
loth weaving in the handloom sector entails a number of different activities, both pre-loom and post-loom. Persons engaged in weaving establishments, whether in household or non-household units, may perform a single or multiple activities on a full-time or parttime basis. Some members of a household like women and children engage themselves in preparatory work like winding of yarn for the purpose of warp, winding of pirns (for weft), sizing, etc. Similarly, members could be engaged in dying, post-loom operations, made ups, etc. These are considered allied activities in the handloom sector. While members engaged only in weaving work are naturally classified as 'weavers', others engaged in allied activities, but also undertaking part-time weaving, are also included in the weaver category. In the Third Handloom Census, 2010, weaving activity has been given priority over allied activities.
Level of education Type of handloom work: weaving or allied activities G Number of days worked during the last year G Nature of engagement: full-time or part-time G Employment status
G G
FIGURE 4.1: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE
While Chapter 3 of this report presented the profile of handloom households, the present chapter presents the information that has been specifically collected for all adult handloom workers (weavers and allied workers), and includes information on: G Age and sex
Total workforce and number of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers
The total workforce engaged in handloom related activity across all ages is 43.32 lakh. An age-wise distribution (Figure 4.1) of these 43.32 lakh strong workforce
17
TABLE 4.1: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE

Total workforce (Lakh)
All-India Rural Urban North-eastern states Other than north-eastern states Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu West Bengal Uttar Pradesh Orissa Karnataka Other states
Karnataka: 13.9%
18
43.3 Location 36.3 7.0 Regions 21.6 21.8 Major states 3.6 3.5 7.8 2.6 1.1 0.9 2.3
Percentage distribution Less than Adult worker Total 18 years (18 Years & above) 11.2 88.8 100.0
11.0 12.0 8.7 13.7 13.9 9.6 14.6 15.8 9.6 13.9 16.1 89.0 88.0 91.3 86.3 86.1 90.4 85.4 84.2 90.4 86.1 83.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by type of workers
Of the total 38.47 lakh adult handloom workers (Table 4.2): G 75.6 per cent are weavers, 86.7 per cent of which reside in rural areas G 24.4 per cent are allied workers, 75.7 per cent of which reside in rural areas The profile by type of workers shows that the proportion of allied workers is higher in urban areas. Only 75.7 per cent of allied workers are located in rural areas, as compared to 86.7 per cent of weavers located there. The North-Eastern states are the only ones who qualify for the 'only weaver states' tag, because in these states, 94.3 per cent of adult workers are weavers and only 5.7 per cent reported exclusively working as allied workers. In the North-East, exclusive allied activity is limited and is mostly undertaken by the weaver households themselves. A little over three-fifths (63.9%) of all weavers reside in the North-Eastern states followed by West Bengal (12%), Tamil Nadu (7.9%) and Andhra Pradesh (6.2%). However, one-third of total allied workers reside in West Bengal, followed by Andhra Pradesh (13.3 %) and North-Eastern states (11.9 %). Other states that reported higher than the national average (24.4%) percentages of allied workers are (Figure 4.3): G Orissa: 52.5% G Karnataka: 48.0% G West Bengal: 47.6% G Uttar Pradesh: 46.3% G Arunachal Pradesh: 40.8%
indicated that: G 38.47 lakh (88.8%) of the total workforce are adult handloom workers (aged 18 and above) and thus eligible for the issuance of photoidentity cards. G A little over a tenth (11.2%) of the total workforce is in the age group of less than 18 years. The majority (83.9%) of the total workforce is located in rural areas and the rural proportions of adult weavers (18 years and above) is quite high (84%) (Table 4.1). Nearly half (50%) of total workforce belongs to North-Eastern states, whereas the other half of the workforce belongs to
states outside the North-East, which have a concentration of about 40 per cent of handloom households. More than half of all adult handloom workers reside in the North-Eastern states followed by West Bengal (17.3%), Tamil Nadu (8.3%), Andhra Pradesh (8.0%) and Uttar Pradesh (5.6 %). The proportion of under-age handloom workers in states outside the North-East is higher (13.7%) as compared to states in the North-East (8.7%). States/Union Territories reporting a higher percentage of under-age workers are (Figure 4.2): G Uttar Pradesh: 15.8% G West Bengal: 14.6% G Andhra Pradesh: 13.9%
FIGURE 4.2: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE
FIGURE 4.3: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY TYPE OF WORKERS
Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by gender and type of workers
Work participation in handloom activity in India is dominated by female workers (see Figure 4.4): G 29.98 lakh (77.9%) of the total adult handloom workers are female, of which a huge majority (88.2%) resides in rural areas. G 8.48 lakh (22.1%) of the total adult handloom workers are male, of which 69.3 per cent reside in rural areas. There are, however, rural-urban differences, with higher proportion of female workers in rural areas (18.2% male and 81.8% female) and comparatively a higher proportion of male workers in urban areas (42.4% male and 57.6% female). A distribution by engagement in weaving or allied activity reveals that: G Male worker participation is more in weaving activity (24.3% male and 75.7% female) than in allied work (15.2% male and 84.8% female). Also, male worker participation in weaving activities is relatively higher in urban areas (57.1%) as compared to rural areas (19.2%). G Female weavers in rural areas account for 80.8 per cent of total weavers as against 42.9 per cent in urban areas. There is not much difference in the male and female work participation rate among rural and urban workers for allied activities. G Male allied workers in rural areas account for 14.5 per cent, whereas this is 17.4 per cent in urban areas. G The dominance of female weavers in the total weavers workforce is highest
TABLE 4.2: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY TYPE OF WORKERS
Type of worker
Weavers Allied workers Total
19
Number (Lakh) 29.09 9.38 38.47
Distribution by type of workers (%) 75.6 24.4 100.0
Rural share (%) 86.7 75.7 84.0
FIGURE 4.4: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY GENDER AND TYPE OF WORKERS
in the North-Eastern states, where it is 99 per cent. G In all other states, the weaving activities is dominated by male weavers. G In all the states, the dominance of female allied workers has been noticed. Nearly, 85 per cent of total workers engaged in allied activities are female.
caste-wise distribution is as follows: G Other Backward Castes (OBCs): 45.2% G Scheduled Tribes (STs): 18.1% G Scheduled Castes (SCs): 10.1% G Others: 26.6%. As noticed in the distribution of handloom worker households and the population of handloom worker households, there exists caste-wise differences in the distribution between rural and urban areas as well, especially for ST and OBC workers (Table 4.3): G The proportion of ST workers is more
Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by social groups
Of the total 38.47 lakh adult handloom workers that have been enumerated, a
TABLE 4.3: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY SOCIAL GROUPS
Percentage distribution Scheduled Scheduled Other Others caste tribes backward (SCs) (STs) castes (OBCs) All-India 10.1 18.1 45.2 26.6 Location Rural 10.3 21.0 42.1 26.7 Urban 9.5 3.1 61.5 25.9 Regions North-eastern states 7.2 34.3 33.9 24.6 Other than NE states 13.3 1.2 57.0 28.6 Major states Andhra Pradesh 0.8 0.5 91.8 6.9 Tamil Nadu 1.9 1.3 80.2 16.6 West Bengal 25.4 0.7 13.3 60.7 Uttar Pradesh 7.6 0.9 83.3 8.2 Orissa 12.7 2.9 83.5 0.9 Karnataka 1.5 2.1 87.8 8.5 Other states 21.3 2.9 57.9 17.9
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of adult workers (Lakh) 38.47

32.32 6.15 19.69 18.77 3.06 3.19 6.65 2.17 1.03 0.77 1.90
20
Nadu (14.7%) and Uttar Pradesh (10.4%). G The General Castes workers are mostly concentrated in the North-Eastern states (47.5%), followed by West Bengal (39.5%) and Tamil Nadu (5.2%). (Figure 4.5). Since adult weavers form a large percentage (75.6%) of the total handloom adult workforce, it follows that the caste profile of the handloom workers would be similar to the handloom weavers. The social profile of handloom weavers in different states, irrespective of the size of their concentration, reveals the predominance of some castes among adult workers engaged in weaving activities. The states can be segregated into five groups based on caste group predominance (Table 4.4). The social profile of handloom allied workers in different states, irrespective of the size of their concentrations, reveals the predominance of some castes among the allied workers population. The states may be segregated into five groups based on caste group predominance (Table 4.5).
in rural areas (21%) than in urban areas (3.1%). G The proportion of OBC households is higher in urban areas (61.5%) than in rural areas (42.1%). G No major difference in rural and urban proportions of SCs and Other workers was observed. In the group of states excluding the North-East, the proportion of OBC workers (57% as compared to 33.9% in the North-East) and SC workers (13.3% as compared to 7.2% in the North-East) are comparatively higher, whereas the 'Other' workers are
comparable, but the proportion of ST workers are much lower (1.2% as compared to 34.3% in the North-East) (Table 4.3). The caste-wise distribution of handloom workers revealed that: G The majority of SC handloom workers are located in West Bengal (43.3%) and the North-East (36.2%). G The majority of ST handloom workers are in the North-Eastern states (96.8%). G OBC workers are mostly concentrated in the North-East (38.5%), followed by Andhra Pradesh (16.2%), Tamil
Distribution of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers by level of education
Most of the adult (18 years and above) handloom workers have very low levels of educational attainment, and a large proportion of this group reported that they never attended school. It would appear, therefore, that handloom work as an occupational choice has not really had the benefit of education, and so workers cannot make an informed choice. Most people are in this occupation because of legacy of skill coupled with the lack of feasible alternatives. The only option most of the time is taking
FIGURE 4.5: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY SOCIAL GROUPS
TABLE 4.4: DISTRIBUTION OF STATES BASED ON PREDOMINANT SOCIAL GROUPS OF HANDLOOM WEAVERS
SCs STs predominance predominance
Gujarat Arunachal Pradesh Assam Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Sikkim Tripura
OBCs predominance
Andhra Pradesh Bihar Chhattisgarh Haryana Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh, Orissa Punjab Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal Puducherry Rajasthan
Others Mixed predominance profile

Manipur, West Bengal Delhi, Maharashtra Himachal Pradesh
never attended school (Figure 4.6). However, more than two out of every five workers reported having completed at least middle-level education. G The share of rural workers is found to be increasing with the increase in level of education, which indicates that the handloom workers in rural areas are slightly better educated than their urban counterparts (Table 4.6). Some states draw attention on account of the high proportion of workers who never attended school. These states with the corresponding proportion of such workers: G Uttar Pradesh: 60.2% G Andhra Pradesh: 42.3% G Karnataka: 39.1%
G
TABLE 4.5: DISTRIBUTION OF STATES BASED ON PREDOMINANT SOCIAL GROUPS OF HANDLOOM ALLIED WORKERS
SCs STs predominance predominance
Delhi Punjab Rajasthan Gujarat Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland
OBCs predominance
Others Mixed predominance profile

Assam Maharashtra Tripura
Andhra Pradesh Manipur Bihar West Bengal Chhattisgarh Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Orissa Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal Puducherry Sikkim
In Tamil Nadu, Orissa and the NorthEastern states, workers are slightly better educated as compared to all other states. Illiteracy and workers never having attended school is more prevalent in the commercial states, and can be one reason why the income from handloom is low in these states (Figure 4.7).
21
Employment status
One of the key objectives in conducting the Third Handloom Census was to gauge the employment structure of handloom workers. Adult workers engaged in handloom activities were asked to indicate whether they worked independently or under master weavers/private owners or under some institutional structure like cooperative societies, Khadi Village Industries Commission (KVIC), etc. The workers engaged under master weavers/private owners and under institutions can be termed as hired or contract workers. The workers reporting to have worked independently in handloom activities can be treated as self-employed. The number of such workers by their working status is presented in Figure 4.8 and Annexure II, Table 4.8. Independent workers account for 61.1 per cent of the total workforce, and have systems whereby they procure the raw material themselves and undertake the marketing of finished products. All the risks associated with the business are borne by them. In most cases, independent workers have small operations, the profit from which is also very small. Independent workers are mostly found in the NorthEastern states, where a large part of the production is domestic and, therefore, for these units, there is no viable business in real sense. In states outside the North-East, the proportion of independent workers is
FIGURE 4.6: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION
up manual labour in other sectors. A distribution of handloom adult workers by their level of educational attainment
reveals that: G About 29.4 per cent of workers engaged in handloom activities have
FIGURE 4.7: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION
22
FIGURE 4.8: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS
TABLE 4.6: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION
Level of education
Never attended school Below primary Primary Middle High school/ secondary Higher secondary Graduate and above Others Total
Number (Lakh)
11.30 4.88 7.02 8.83 3.92 1.79 0.65 0.08 38.47
Distribution by education (%)

29.4 12.7 18.2 22.9 10.2 4.7 1.7 0.2 100.0
Rural share (%)

82.4 82.6 81.9 88.6 83.8 86.7 80.2 63.1 84.0
FIGURE 4.9: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
FIGURE 4.10: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
FIGURE 4.11: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) WEAVERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
as small as 24.2 per cent of the total handloom workforce. Other states which undertake mostly commercial production but have a relatively high proportion of independent workers are Orissa (54.8%) and Karnataka (45.4%). Workers who are employed with master weavers/private owners account for 33.8 per cent of the handloom workforce at the country-wide level, but this percentage rise sharply 65.6 per cent, when handloom workforce in only states outside the NorthEast are considered. In the North-East, this form of employment is insignificant and is as low as 3.5 per cent of the work force. This form of employment is mostly seen in states which are highly commercialised in terms of handloom production, and include West Bengal (84.3%), Andhra Pradesh (75%), Uttar Pradesh (73.7%) and Tamil Nadu (46.1%). Employment under institutions account for a small percentage (5.1%) of the total workforce, and is almost non-
existent (0.2%) in the North-Eastern states. Institutional presence is not uniform across commercial states either, although there are many handloom development programmes that are supposed to be channelled through them. Workers under institutional employment structure have also been reported from Karnataka (30.4%), Tamil Nadu (22.3%), Orissa (13.2 %) and Andhra Pradesh (8.1%). Some of the other northern states also report institution based handloom employment.
23
Nature of engagement
The adult workers surveyed in the Third Handloom Census were asked about the nature of their engagement in handloom work, as to whether they were engaged full-time or part-time in it and information regarding the number of days worked was also sought. This information is presented in terms of workers, weavers and allied workers.
FIGURE 4.12: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) WEAVERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
Nature of engagement of adult (18 years and above) handloom workers

There are 38.47 lakh handloom workers in the country, of which 24.72 lakh are full-time and the rest part-time workers (Figure 4.9). A rural-urban distribution of full-/part-time workers is as follows: G 24.72 lakh (64.3%) workers are engaged in handloom activities on a full-time basis. A high majority (80.4%) of the workers in urban areas work full-time, compared to a relatively low percentage in rural areas (61.2%). G 13.75 lakh (35.7%) workers are engaged as part-time workers. The percentage of part-time workers is lower in urban areas (19.6%) as compared to rural areas (38.8%). With the exception of the NorthEastern states, where a little less than half the workers (48%) are full-timers, the proportion of such workers in other states is quite high (81.3%) (Figure 4.10).
FIGURE 4.13: DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) ALLIED WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
states followed by West Bengal (16%), Tamil Nadu (11%) and Andhra Pradesh (9%). G Similarly, a very high majority (89%) of all part-time weavers are located in the North-Eastern states (Figure 4.12).
Nature of engagement for adult (18 years and above) handloom Allied Workers
There are 9.38 lakh adult allied workers in the country, of which: G 6.23 lakh (66.4%) are full-time allied workers, and there is not much difference between there urban (69.3%) and rural (65.5%) distribution. G Nearly a third (33.6%) of all allied adult workers are part-timers (Figure 4.13). G There is not much difference between the rural and urban components of allied workers in terms of the nature of engagement in the activity, be it full-time or part-time work. As in the case of weavers, the allied workers too are mostly (72.3%) working full-time in states outside the North-East. The states that have a high proportion of full-time allied workers include Andhra Pradesh (83.7%), Karnataka (82.7%), West Bengal (75.7%), Tamil Nadu (67.1%) and Uttar Pradesh (66.5%) (Figure 4.14).
24
Nature of engagement of weavers

There are 29.09 lakh adult handloom weavers in the country, of whom: 18.47 lakhs (63.5%) are full-time weavers, and G The rest (36.5%) are part-time weavers.
G
Among adult weavers (Figure 4.11):

G
63.5 per cent work full-time, of which 87 per cent are located in urban areas and 59.9 per cent are located in rural areas, and G 65.6 per cent are female G 34.4 per cent are male
At the all-India level, it is seen that more men (90.1%) work full-time than women (55%). G There is a large difference between rural and urban areas with respect to gender-wise distribution of full-time weavers. Out of the total number of full-time weavers, male weavers in urban areas account for 61.8 per cent and 28.3 per cent in rural areas. The full-time female weavers in urban areas account for 38.2 per cent and in rural areas for 71.7 per cent. G 36.5 per cent of the weavers work on part-time basis. G Except for the North-Eastern states, all other states have a higher proportion of full-time weavers (more than 85%). G Nearly half (50%) of all full-time weavers reside in the North-Eastern
G
Total employment and average number of days worked

As per the Third Handloom Census, about 7.35 billion days of employment was generated during the year 2009-10 in the handloom sector, of which: G 5.31 billion days were generated in weaving activities by weavers. G 2.04 billion days were generated in the handloom allied activities by allied workers. G The North-Eastern states generated
FIGURE 4.14: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) ALLIED WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT
FIGURE 4.15: AVERAGE PERSON DAYS WORKED BY ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS DURING 2009-10
in the rural areas of the country. Thus, one day of employment generated in weaving activities, on an average, is likely to generate 0.38 days of employment in the allied sector, which includes pre- and post-loom activities excluding marketing activities.
FIGURE 4.16: AVERAGE PERSON DAYS WORKED BY ADULT (18 YEARS AND ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS DURING 2009-10 - NORTH-EAST AND OTHER STATES
about 37.5 per cent of the total employment in the handloom sector.
About 79.5 per cent of total employment in the handloom sector is generated
Considering that most workers are fulltime workers, it is expected that the average number of days of work in the last year would be reasonably high. Expectedly, on an average, a worker in the handloom sector was employed for 191 days during 2009-10. Other related data concerning the number of days worked are as follows: G 183 days is the average number of days of employment per weaver. G 217 days is the average number of days of employment per allied worker (see Appendix Table 6.1) G On an average, a worker in the handloom sector in urban areas was employed for 245 days during 2009-10 as against 181 days in rural areas (Figure 4.15). There is a marked difference in the average days of work per adult handloom worker between adult workers in the North-Eastern states (140 days) and other states (245 days). The lower number in the North-East is primarily because in the North-East, there is a larger proportion of domestic workers, who mostly work part-time, and the impact of their lower average days of work pulls the national average on this indicator to a lower figure. The average handloom worker in commercial states worked for 75 per cent more days during the year 2009-10. The difference in the average number of days worked during the reference year for total adult handloom workers is also reflected for adult weavers and adult allied workers.
25
Chapter
5
Looms and Usage Pattern
Distribution of looms by location
Looms form the basic infrastructure of the handloom industry. As per the Third Handloom Census, 2010, the total count of looms across household and non-household handloom units is 23.77 lakh. Most of the looms are found in rural areas, and, therefore, it can be concluded that handloom work is primarily a rural activity (Table 5.1). A rural-urban distribution of location of looms is as follows: G Rural areas: 20.66 lakh (86.9%). G Urban areas: 3.11 lakh (13.1%). The majority of the looms are found in the North-Eastern states. The top five loom owning areas are as follows: G North-Eastern states: 65.2%. G West Bengal: 12.9% G Tamil Nadu: 6.5% G Andhra Pradesh: 5.2% G Uttar Pradesh: 3.4%
Distribution of looms by working status

The total number of idle looms (household and non-household) is 2.31 lakh, which is almost one in every 10 looms. A rural-urban distribution of idle looms is as follows: G Rural areas: 1.86 lakh (9.2% of total rural household looms). G Urban areas: 0.19 lakh (6.9% of the total urban looms). A rural-urban distribution of all working looms (21.46 lakh) (household and non-household) is as follows: G Rural areas: 86.9% G Urban areas: 13.1% A rural-urban distribution of all working household looms (20.91 lakh) is as follows: G Rural areas: 87.7% G Urban areas: 12.3% A rural-urban distribution of all working non-household looms (0.55 lakh)
is as follows: G Rural areas: 55% G Urban areas: 43.3% A rural-urban distribution of idle household looms (2.04 lakh) is as follows: G Rural areas: 90.8% G Urban areas: 9.2% A rural-urban distribution of idle nonhousehold looms (0.26 lakh) is as follows: G Rural areas: 53.9% G Urban areas: 46.1% Across the top five loom owning areas, the distribution of working and idle looms is as follows: i) North-Eastern states G 99.7 per cent working looms are with households and 0.3 per cent with non-household units G 94.3 per cent idle looms are with households and 5.7 per cent with non-household units
26
TABLE 5.1: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY LOCATION

Location
Rural Urban All-India
Total looms (Lakh) 20.66 3.11 23.77
Non-household looms (%) 2.2 11.6 3.4
Idle looms (%) 9.7 10.0 9.7
ii) West Bengal G 99.2 per cent working looms are with households and 0.8 per cent with non-household units G 99.1 per cent idle looms are with households and 0.9 per cent with non-household units iii) Tamil Nadu G 95.8 per cent working looms are with households and 4.2 per cent with non-household units G 83.2 per cent idle looms are with households and 16.8 per cent with non-household units iv) Andhra Pradesh G 85.5 per cent working looms are with households and 14.5 per cent with non-household units G 83.2 per cent of idle looms are with households and 16.8 per cent with non-household units v) Uttar Pradesh G 96.9 per cent of working looms are with households and 3.1 per cent with non-household units
90.2 per cent of idle looms are with households and 9.8 per cent with non-household units
hold units work with a number of master weavers, each having their own production, and affiliated hired weavers, instructions were sent to all such grass roots links to not divulge information on the non-household units. Thus, the number of looms with non-household units is under-estimated in these states, who account for most of the non-household units in the country. In some states, like Assam, the list of nonhousehold units given by the state government were checked, and found to have closed or stopped functioning. In terms of the distribution of household looms, the top five areas are: G North-Eastern states: 66.9% G West Bengal: 13.3% G Tamil Nadu: 6.4% G Andhra Pradesh: 4.6% G Uttar Pradesh: 3.4% In terms of the distribution of non-household looms, the top five areas are: G Andhra Pradesh: 22.3% G North-Eastern states: 16.2% G Karnataka: 11.1% G Tamil Nadu: 8.6% G Orissa: 5%
Distribution of looms by household and non-household units

The proportions of looms available with household units and non-household units are as follows: G 22.96 lakh (96.6%) looms are with household units. G 0.82 lakh (3.4%) looms are with nonhousehold units. The non-household looms are almost equally distributed between rural (55.8%) and urban (44.2%) areas. It needs to be mentioned here that the Third Census could not cover all the nonhousehold units in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, as many of the non-household units that were approached did not agree to participate in the survey work. In states like Andhra Pradesh, where non-house-
27
Types of looms
The distribution of handloom household units shows that majority of the looms are frame looms. However, the type of looms in the North-East is totally different from the rest of the states. Whereas three-fourths
TABLE 5.2: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY HOUSEHOLD AND NON-HOUSEHOLD UNITS

Percentage distribution Household looms Non-Household looms Working Idle Total Working Idle Total household non-household looms looms All-India 97.4 88.6 96.6 2.6 11.4 3.4 Location Rural 98.3 92.9 97.8 1.7 7.1 2.2 Urban 91.5 60.8 88.4 8.5 39.2 11.6 Regions North-eastern states 99.7 94.3 99.1 0.3 5.7 0.9 Other than North-eastern states 93.2 78.1 91.7 6.8 21.9 8.3 Major states Andhra Pradesh 85.5 83.2 85.4 14.5 16.8 14.6 Tamil Nadu 95.8 83.2 95.4 4.2 16.8 4.6 West Bengal 99.2 99.1 99.2 0.8 0.9 0.8 Uttar Pradesh 96.9 90.2 96.6 3.1 9.8 3.4 Orissa 95.1 56.7 90.7 4.9 43.3 9.3 Karnataka 82.1 50.6 77.5 17.9 49.4 22.5 Other states 75.9 33.1 67.4 24.1 66.9 32.6
Total looms (In Lakh) Working Idle Total looms

21.46 18.66 2.80 14.0 7.5 1.2 1.5 2.7 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.6 2.31 2.00 0.31 1.5 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 23.77 20.66 3.11 15.5 8.3 1.2 1.5 3.1 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.8
TABLE 5.3: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY TYPE

Type of loom
Pit Frame Pedal Other Total
Number of household looms (Lakh) 5.71 13.43 0.33 3.49 22.96
Distribution of household looms (%) 24.9 58.5 1.4 15.2 100.0
Rural share (%) 71.9 93.4 68.1 95.6 88.0
28
of the looms in the North-Eastern states are frame looms, for all the other states combined, pit looms form three-fourth of the total looms. The semi-automatic pedal looms are mainly found in Tamil Nadu, while loin looms are found only in the North-Eastern states. Most of the commercial handloom production is undertaken on pit looms. A wide-ranging distribution by loom type and rural/urban location is as follows: G Frame looms: 13.43 lakh (58.5%), of which 93.4 per cent are in rural areas (Table 5.3). A breakup of all frame looms by dobby/jacquard and ordinary type is as follows: G Dobby/jacquard: 54.5% G Ordinary: 3.2% G Pit looms: 5.71 lakh (24.9%), of which 71.9 per cent are in rural areas. A breakup of all pit looms by dobby/jacquard and ordinary type is as follows: G Dobby/jacquard: 14.9% G Ordinary: 9.8% G Loin looms: 2.9 lakh (13.8%) G Pedal looms: 0.33 lakh (1.4%), of which 68.1 per cent are in rural areas. G Other types of looms: 0.4 lakh (1.4%)
As can be seen in Figure 5.1, a bulk of the frame looms (89.1%) is located in the North-Eastern states. Most of the remaining are in West Bengal (4.6%) and Tamil Nadu (2.8%). The nation-wide distribution of pit looms is as follows: G West Bengal: 40.1% G Andhra Pradesh: 17.6% G Tamil Nadu: 14.5% G Uttar Pradesh: 12.9% G Orissa: 5.2% G Karnataka: 4% Most of the pedal looms are located in Tamil Nadu. In contrast, loin looms are mainly concentrated in: G Tripura: 44.5% G Manipur: 17.7% G Nagaland: 15.3% G Arunachal Pradesh: 7%
against exclusive commercial or domestic purposes, nearly 27.4 per cent of the working household looms are used for both commercial and domestic purposes (Table 5.4). Thus, about 57.1 per cent of the looms are used wholly or partially for commercial production. A large majority of looms used solely for commercial production and those deployed for mixed production are located in rural areas: G Of the 29.9 per cent of looms used solely for commercial purposes, 71.9 per cent are in rural areas, and G Of the 27.4 per cent of looms used for commercial and domestic purposes, 90.2 per cent are in rural areas. Of the states which account for the largest handloom households, the proportion of looms used for commercial production and mixed production are: G North-Eastern states G Fully commercial: 4.2% G Mixed: 34.2% G West Bengal G Fully commercial: 82.2% G Mixed: 16% G Tamil Nadu G Fully commercial: 70.62% G Mixed: 19.4% G Andhra Pradesh G Fully commercial: 83.9% G Mixed: 13.4% G Uttar Pradesh G Fully commercial: 94.7% G Mixed: 2.2% As is evident, the North-Eastern states, which account for the highest proportion of household looms, also have the lowest proportion in commercial use. However, it is a potential resource if the government is
Distribution of working looms by purpose of usage

In India, only 29.7 per cent of working looms in households are used exclusively for commercial purposes. A substantially higher proportion (42.8%) of them is used exclusively for domestic purposes. As
FIGURE 5.1: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY TYPE
FIGURE 5.2: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE
TABLE 5.4: DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING LOOMS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE

Purpose Number of Distribution of Rural share working looms (Lakh) working looms (%) (%) Commercial 6.25 29.9 71.9 Domestic 8.94 42.7 97.2 Both domestic and commercial 5.72 27.4 90.2 Total 20.91 100.0 87.7
Distribution of looms by type of yarn used

During the survey, handloom worker households were asked about the major type of yarn that was used for their looms whether hand spun (supporting the Khadi programme) or mill-spun yarn (Table 5.5). Their responses yielded the following results: G 93 per cent of household looms operated with mill spun yarn, with 88.4 per cent of such looms located in rural areas. G 7 per cent of household looms used hand spun yarn, with 79.6 per cent of such loom located in the areas. Thus, Khadi, although a rural enterprise, supplied relatively more hand spun yarn to urban weavers. Two states emerged as special cases where hand spun yarn is used extensively. Following are the two states with their corresponding percentage of looms using hand spun yarn: G Tamil Nadu: 30.1% G Karnataka: 24.4%
29
TABLE 5.5: DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD WORKING LOOMS BY TYPE OF YARN USED

Type of yarn
Mill spun yarn Hand spun yarn Total
Number of working looms (Lakh) 19.44 1.47 20.91
Distribution of working looms (%) 93.0 7.0 100.0
Rural share (%) 88.4 79.6 87.7
able to create an enabling environment for commercial production. Predictably, the states outside the North-East, 81.5 per cent of the looms are used for commercial
production and another 13.7 per cent or mixed production. In most other states, the looms are largely used for commercial purposes (Figure 5.2).
Chapter
6
Production, Earnings and Indebtedness
Production of major fabrics
The report on major fabrics is determined by the count of handloom units in different states. Since the count is very high in the North-Eastern states, the fabrics produced there count as the major fabrics. To keep the balance alive in terms of fabrics produced in different states, this discussion presents information on the key fabrics produced on the looms as well as the key fabrics produced by the major handloom states. This would provide a fair understanding of the specialisation in terms of fabrics in different parts of the country. The major fabrics produced on household looms are: the 'gamcha' (thin cotton towel) and the 'mekhla-chaddar', which is a traditional Assamese dress. A nation-wide distribution of handloom households in terms of their produce is as follows (also see Figure 6.1): G Gamchas and Angavastrams: 9.16 lakh (40.4%) G Mekhla-chaddar: 8.74 lakh (38.5%) G Sari: 3.22 lakh (14.2%) Sarong: 3.21 lakh (14.2%) Shawls: 1.43 Lakh (6.3%) G Towels: 1.36 lakh (6.0%) G Bedsheets: 1.27 lakh (5.6%) G Lungi: 1.05 lakh (4.6%)
G G G
Bedsheets: 6.17%
Table 6.1 provides the data on the major share of weaver households that reported the production of different type of fabrics by handloom concentrated states. It is interesting to note that North-Eastern states, with 61 per cent handloom households, have households weaving more than one kind of fabric. Also, since the North-East comprises a group of states, it was observed that Assam produces more of mekhla-chaddar and gamcha, while some of the other states produce sarongs, bedsheets, skirt material, etc. A distribution of households in the North-East by the type of product delivered is as follows: G Gamcha: 57.96% G Mekhla-chaddar: 57.87% G Sarong: 21.26% G Towels and napkins: 8.30%
Commercial production on the handloom is mainly undertaken in states other than the North-Eastern states, and the main fabrics produced in these states can be understood as the main fabrics which are produced on handlooms. Thus, the main handloom fabrics that are commercially produced are sari, gamchas/angavastrams and bedsheets, in differing levels of importance, which is as follows: G Sari producing households: 41.36% G Gamcha or angavastram producing households: 5.56% G Bedsheet producing households: 4.42% West Bengal, with 14.4 per cent handloom households, is primarily a sari producing state. A product-wise distribution of handloom households of West Bengal is as follows: G Sari: 43.89% G Gamcha: 12.15%
30
FIGURE 6.1: DISTRIBUTION OF WEAVER HOUSEHOLDS BY PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRICS
Andhra Pradesh with 6.4 per cent handloom households is also a sari producing state, where nearly 44.16 per cent of all handloom households are engaged in Sari production. Tamil Nadu, with 6.3 per cent handloom households, is also primarily a sari producing state. A product-wise distribution of handloom households of Tamil Nadu is as follows: G Sari: 39.03% G Durrie: 6.22% G Bedsheet: 4.95% Uttar Pradesh, which has 4 per cent of handloom households, is also primarily a sari producing state. A product-wise distribution of handloom households of Uttar Pradesh is as follows: G Sari: 47.95% G Bedsheet: 15.88% G Angavastram: 6.74%
Type of yarn used in handloom fabrics

Cotton is the yarn that is the basis of most handloom fabrics. It was found during the survey that cotton of different counts is used by most weaver households for the production of different fabrics like gamcha/ angavastram, sari, dhoti, lungi, towels/ napkins, etc., which accounts for a large majority of handloom products. Wool is also used in handloom products, especially in the North-East and the northern states for products such as shawls and blankets. Silk is used by a smaller proportion of the weavers, and mostly in the southern states, and to an extent in West Bengal as well. A nation-wide distribution of handloom households by the type of yarn used is as follows (also see Figure 6.2): G Cotton 21-40: 7.53 lakh (41.8%) G Cotton 41-80: 6.87 lakh (38.1%) G Cotton above 40: 6.34 lakh (35.2%)
Wool: 3.99 lakh (22.1%)
31
The other yarns used, but by a smaller proportion of households are: G Cotton 1-20: 1.71 lakh (9.5%) G Polyester: 1.39 lakh (7.7%) G Other silk: 0.80 lakh (4.4%) G Mulberry silk: 0.71 lakh (3.9%) Other than this, 3 per cent of households use viscose and blends, and 12.7 per cent use yarns other than these. For instance, the handloom workers of Tripura use a yarn locally known as 'Masloi', a synthetic acrylic yarn which does not fit into the yarn categories mentioned above. Number of weaver households reporting use of major yarn is presented in Table 6.2. A state-wise distribution of households in states with large concentrations of weaver households by the major type of yarn used is as follows:
TABLE 6.1: PERCENTAGE OF WEAVER HOUSEHOLDS PRODUCING MAJOR FABRICS BY HANDLOOM CONCENTRATED STATES
States Gamchas/ angavastram
57.96 5.56 0.01 0.04 12.15 6.74 7.53 1.76 5.22 40.38
Mekhlachaddar
57.87 0.20 0.01 0.06 0.27 0.11 0.35 0.18 0.69 38.52
Sarong
Regions 21.26 0.05 Major states 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.08 0.20 14.15
Sari
Shawls
Towel/ napkin
8.30 1.42 0.61 2.56 0.25 1.68 0.99 1.54 4.06 5.99
Bedsheets
Lungi
Dhoti
North-eastern states Other than North-eastern states Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu West Bengal Uttar Pradesh Orissa Karnataka Other states All-India
0.49 41.36 44.16 39.03 43.89 47.95 80.97 29.79 12.19 14.20
9.01 0.89 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.36 0.31 0.03 8.42 6.29
6.17 4.42 1.12 4.95 0.41 15.88 1.04 1.30 12.13 5.58
5.94 1.98 0.44 4.66 1.62 0.09 2.46 1.25 2.26 4.61
2.19 1.74 0.68 3.42 0.97 0.38 2.19 1.75 3.78 2.04
FIGURE 6.2: DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS BY CONSUMPTION OF MAJOR YARN
reported the consumption of different type of yarns by handloom concentrated states is presented in Table 6.2. It was observed that in the North-Eastern states, more than half the weaver households reported using cotton 21-40 count and about 47.1 per cent are using cotton 41-80. Fine cotton of 1-20 count is used by 22.6 per cent of weaver households in Uttar Pradesh. Mulberry silk is used by 36.5 per cent of weaver households in Andhra Pradesh followed by 16.3 per cent in Tamil Nadu, whereas other silk yarn is used by 34.8 per cent weaver households in Uttar Pradesh followed by 10.9 per cent in Tamil Nadu. Consumption of wool yarn is highest reported in Assam (29.7%) followed by Karnataka (20.5%).
Source of raw materials
32
North-Eastern states G Cotton 1-20: 8.9% G Cotton 21-40: 52.6% G Cotton 41-80: 47.1% G Cotton above 80: 40.1% G Wool: 29.7% West Bengal G Cotton 1-20: 5.2% G Cotton 21-40: 17.5% G Cotton 41-80: 11.6% G Cotton above 80: 51% G Mulberry silk: 3.9% Andhra Pradesh G Cotton 1-20: 3.5% G Cotton 21-40: 8.4% G Cotton 41-80: 34.2%
G G
Cotton above 80: 12.5% Mulberry silk: 36.5%
Tamil Nadu G Cotton 1-20: 12.7% G Cotton 41-80: 17.4% G Cotton above 80: 15.5% G Mulberry silk: 16.3% G Other silk: 10.9% Uttar Pradesh G Cotton 1-20: 22.6% G Cotton 21-40: 19.8% G Mulberry silk: 5.7% G Other silk: 34.8% G Viscose and blends: 4.3%
The main raw materials for weavers are dyed yarn and hank yarn. A small proportion of households buy dyes and chemicals. They are of the kind that is into the use of special shades of coloured yarn for more expensive fabrics which are not easily available in the market. Most of the raw materials are sourced from the open market. However, in the case of 15 per cent to 20 per cent of weaver households, the master weaver is the source of dyed yarn, dyes and chemicals, as many of the colours and design elements are controlled at this level. Besides, these are not often openly available in the market. A major-source distribution of households that procure hank yarn is as follows: G Open market: 77.8% G Master weaver: 14.1% G Cooperative societies: 4.5% G NHDC: 0.6%
The share of weaver households that
TABLE 6.2: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF WEAVER HOUSEHOLDS BY USING VARIOUS TYPES OF YARN (%)
States Cotton (1-20)
8.9 11.0 3.5 12.7 5.2 22.6 4.2 11.2 21.5 9.5
Cotton (21-40)
52.6 15.8 8.4 10.6 17.5 19.8 23.3 7.9 23.2 41.8
Cotton Cotton Viscose Muga (41-80) (above 80) & blends silk Regions 47.1 40.1 3.7 3.0 16.5 23.3 1.3 1.7 Major states 34.2 12.5 0.1 0.2 17.4 15.5 0.2 6.3 11.6 51.0 0.1 0.2 2.9 0.8 4.3 0.7 37.3 25.5 0.0 1.2 26.2 2.1 2.5 0.8 8.8 11.0 4.8 1.0 38.1 35.2 3.0 2.6
Eri silk
1.5 1.2 0.3 2.2 0.0 2.6 0.7 1.4 2.1 1.4
Mulberry Other Wool Polyester silk silk & blends

0.9 11.4 36.5 16.3 3.9 5.7 9.7 7.8 0.9 3.9 2.3 9.6 29.7 3.8 10.2 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.5 3.1 0.1 14.6 2.2 7.7
2.4 1.3 10.9 0.1 1.6 0.3 34.8 1.5 3.5 0.3 11.4 20.5 7.7 22.9 4.4 22.1
TABLE 6.3: DISTRIBUTION OF WEAVER HOUSEHOLDS BY AVERAGE LENGTH OF FABRICS

Length
Less than 1 Mtr 1-2 Mtrs 2-3 Mtrs 3-4 Mtrs 4 Mtrs & above Total
G
Number of weaver households (Lakh) 8.27 5.81 1.91 0.85 1.17 18.01
Distribution of weaver households (%) 45.9 32.3 10.6 4.7 6.5 100.0
Rural share (%) 90.3 92.3 85.9 79.3 74.8 88.9
FIGURE 6.3: DISTRIBUTION OF WEAVER HOUSEHOLDS BY AVERAGE LENGTH OF FABRICS (PER WEAVER PER DAY)
Other sources: 3.1%
A major-source distribution of households that procure dyed yarn is as follows: G Open market: 76% G Master weaver: 15.1% G Cooperative societies: 4.1% G NHDC: 0.4% G Other sources: 4.5% A major-source distribution of households that procure dyes and chemicals is as follows: G Open market: 50.4% G Master weaver: 20.5% G Cooperative societies: 6.5% G NHDC: 0.6% G Other sources: 22% It emerged that the open market is the major source of raw materials for rural handloom households, while more of the urban handloom households source their raw materials from master weavers and cooperative societies (Annexure II: Table 6.3, 6.4, 6.5).
Average production of fabrics

Information regarding the production of average length of fabric per weaver per day and yarn consumption was only sought from weavers who had a working loom on their premises. Thus, weavers who were working as hired labour in places outside of their household premises were not asked this question. The results of the inquiry from weaver households on average production of fabrics per worker per day (linear meters) are presented in Table 6.3. The data presented in Table 6.3 can be analysed as follows: G 8.27 lakh (45.9%) households reported production of less than 1 meter per day. This proportion is 46.6 per cent for rural areas and 40.4 per cent for urban areas. 52 per cent households in the North-Eastern states and 31.1 per cent households outside the
North-East reported the same. 5.81 lakh (32.3%) households reported production of 1-2 metres per day. This proportion is 33.5 per cent for rural areas and 22.5 per cent for urban areas. 38.9 per cent households in the North-Eastern states and 16.3 per cent households outside the North-East reported the same. G 1.91 lakh (10.6%) households reported production of 2-3 metres per day. This proportion is 10.2 per cent for rural areas and 13.5 per cent for urban areas. 7.4 per cent households in the North-Eastern states and 18.4 per cent households outside the NorthEast reported the same. G 0.85 lakh (4.7%) households reported production of 3-4 metres per day. This proportion is 4.2 per cent for rural areas and 8.9 per cent for urban areas. 1.2 per cent household in the North-Eastern states and 13.2 per cent households outside the North-East reported the same. G 1.17 lakh (6.5%) households reported production of 4 metres and above per day. This proportion is 5.5 per cent for rural areas and 14.8 per cent for urban areas. 0.5 per cent households in the North-Eastern states and 20.9 per cent households outside the North-East reported the same. The rural and urban distribution of the average production figures show that a large proportion of weaver households across both rural and urban areas produce less than 1 metre per weaver per day. However, the average production per weaver is higher in urban areas, with 23.6 per cent urban households producing more than 3 metres per weaver per day, as compared to 9.7 per cent of the rural households (Figure 6.3). The distribution of households reporting average production of fabrics per weaver per day is presented in Figure 6.3. For states where majority of the handloom
G
Mtr Mtrs
Mtrs Mtrs Mtrs
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households are located, the details of average production is presented is presented below: G North-Eastern states, which have a majority of households producing for domestic purpose, reported the following distribution of households about fabric production per weaver per day: G Less than 1 metre: 52% G 1-2 metres: 38.9% G 2-3 metres: 7.4% G 3 metres and above: 1.7%
G
West Bengal, which has a majority of households producing for commercial purposes, reported a high average production per weaver. A significant proportion of those who reported a lower average production use fine silk or cotton yarn and, therefore, have smaller lengths of fabric woven per weaver per day. A distribution of West Bengal handloom households by fabric production per weaver per day is as follows: G Less than 1 metre: 17.4% G 1-2 metres: 14.5% G 2-3 metres: 31.4% G 3 metres and above: 37.6% Andhra Pradesh which has a majority of households producing for commercial purposes, reported a large proportion of households having a lower average production, for the
FIGURE 6.4: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF WEAVER HOUSEHOLDS BY AVERAGE LENGTH OF FABRICS (PER WEAVER PER DAY)
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reason that they work with fine silk yarn, and intricate patterns in multi-coloured fine silk threads are woven into the fabric. The impact of using fine silk yarn and design elements on the rate of production is to considerably lower it, and in many cases, the average production is only about 0.8 metres per day per weaver. A distribution of Andhra Pradesh handloom households by fabric production per weaver per day is as follows: G Less than 1 metre: 51.4% G 1-2 metres: 22.3% G 2-3 metres: 12.6% G 3 metres and above: 13.6%
G
Tamil Nadu also has a majority of households producing for commercial purposes. Most weavers who work only on silk fabrics produce on an average of 1 metre per weaver per day. If the silk is mixed with zari work, the average production varies from 1.5 to 2 metres per weaver per day. Weavers with cotton yarn produce 3-5 metres (depending on the thickness of the yarn) per weaver per day, and in many cases, a weaver can weave one sari in one day. A distribution Tamil Nadu handloom households by fabric production per weaver per day is as follows:
G G G G
fabric is mostly produced for commercial purposes. Here, too, pure silk fabrics average a low production per weaver per day, while the fabrics with silk and zari result in production rates of 2-3 metres per weaver per day, as the quantity of zari used in fabrics is more than the southern states. Also, weavers working with cotton yarn average over 3 metres per weaver per day. A distribution of Uttar Pradesh handloom households by fabric production per weaver per day is as follows: G Less than 1 metre: 50.7% G 1-2 metres: 7.6% G 2-3 metres: 2.3% G 3 metres and above: 39.5%
Handloom worker households G Rs 36,498 for total handloom households G Rs 37,167 for total handloom households residing in rural areas G Rs 32,030 for total handloom households residing in urban areas Weaver households G Rs 37,707 for total handloom households G Rs 38,260 for total handloom households residing in rural areas G Rs 33,038 for total handloom households residing in urban areas Allied households G Rs 29,300 for total handloom households G Rs 29,693 for total handloom households residing in rural areas G Rs 26,333 for total handloom households residing in urban areas
Level of earning by handloom household

The economic profile of the handloom household is of special interest, as it highlights the feasibility of handloom work as an economic activity in the current situation, and highlights areas where the government needs to step in to support the occupation and economic needs of the workers. This section will report the respondents' verbatim response on the type of ration card owned by the household, the type of housing and ownership as a proxy indicator of economic status, and the reported annual income from all sources, including from handloom. At the all-India level, the average annual income of handloom worker households (including those who work only for domestic purpose) is as follows, Annexure II: Table 6.7):
Less than 1 metre: 35.4% 1-2 metres: 22.6% 2-3 metres: 19.2% 3 metres and above: 22.9%
Uttar Pradesh is also is a state where
Some of the states that reported higher than average annual household income are Arunachal Pradesh (Rs 57,232), Nagaland (Rs 57208), Manipur (Rs 56,261) and Assam (Rs 40,465). The higher household income in Arunachal Pradesh is because most of the handloom households of Arunachal Pradesh are not in the weaving trade, but the women of the households undertake handloom weaving as a cultural activity. Their handloom products are for domestic consumption for more than half the households. Even in cases where households undertake mixed production, they sell some of their produce to the local market, which does not yield much monetary value. In many cases, households that do
TABLE 6.4: INDEBTEDNESS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION BY PURPOSES FOR TAKING LOANS
States
All-India Rural Urban North-eastern states Other than North-eastern states Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu West Bengal Uttar Pradesh Orissa Karnataka Other states
Indebted handloom households (Lakh) 3.1

2.3 0.8 0.3 2.8 0.8 0.2 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1
Share to total handloom households (%) 11.0 Location 9.5 21.2 Regions 1.6 25.4 Major states 47.4 11.5 33.6 2.9 25.4 25.1 10.1
Distribution by purpose of loan (%) Handloom Non-handloom Both Total 19.7 72.8 7.4 100.0
17.1 27.5 5.2 21.1 33.4 25.0 11.1 27.0 28.0 44.7 17.1 76.6 61.7 91.0 71.1 53.4 67.3 85.8 53.4 56.3 51.0 67.3 6.3 10.8 3.9 7.8 13.2 7.7 3.1 16.0 15.6 4.3 15.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
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not have looms but undertake handloom activity, do so at a neighbour's or a relative's loom, and give some part of the produce to the owner of the loom as an offering of thanks. For households that depend on raising some or all of the annual household income from handloom activity, the average annual income for such households (who work only for commercial purpose and those who work for domestic and mixed production) is as follows (Annexure II: Table 6.8):
Average annual income for handloom households in purely commercial production G Rs 30,747 for total handloom households G Rs 31,390 for total handloom households residing in rural areas G Rs 28,343 for total handloom households residing in urban areas Average annual income for handloom households in mixed production G Rs 44,796 for total handloom households G Rs 44,558 for total handloom households residing in rural areas G Rs 47,140 for total handloom households residing in urban areas Average annual income for handloom households in purely domestic production G Rs 41,899 for total handloom
households Rs 41,722 for total handloom households residing in rural areas G Rs 48,527 for total handloom households residing in urban areas
G
If one looks at the average annual income from handloom activity for those undertaking some level of commercial production - irrespective of whether a person only works for commercial production or a mix of commercial and domestic production - this is Rs 11,465 across all households, Rs 10,687 for rural households and Rs 16,483 for urban households. As is evident, the income from handloom work of urban households is much higher than the rural income, but in both cases, the income is low. Most of the states report annual handloom incomes much higher than the national average, and the reason for the average being pulled down is because, Assam, with its huge proportion of handloom households, reported low average earnings (Rs 8,393). The annual income from states which reported the top five incomes in terms total and urban handloom households are:
Income for total handloom households: G Haryana: Rs 36,096 G Delhi: Rs 31,411 G Gujarat: Rs 24,006 G Orissa: Rs 22,403 G Madhya Pradesh: Rs 19,683
Income for urban handloom households: G Haryana: Rs 36,084 G Delhi: Rs 31,411 G Orissa: Rs 23,600 G Gujarat: Rs 23,489 G Karnataka: Rs 20,188
Share of income from handloom activity

At the all-India level, it was reported that about 53.1 per cent of the households work solely for commercial purposes, but this is offset by 28.2 per cent who undertake handloom work purely for domestic consumption, and another 15.8 per cent households who undertake some amount of commercial production in addition to their domestic production. It was found that the share of handloom income to total household income is 30.2 per cent across all handloom households, while it is 51 per cent for households in urban areas and 27.5 per cent for households in rural areas. In the North-Eastern states, it was found that the share of handloom income to total household income is just 18.8 per cent across all handloom households, while it is 58.1 per cent for households in the states of other regions where most of the households work solely for commercial purpose. At the overall level, the share of handloom to total income seems to be low, but this is the proportion across all the handloom households, including those producing only for domestic consumption (Annexure II: Table 6.9).
TABLE 6.5: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY MAJOR SOURCES OF LOAN (%)
States Moneylender
All-India Rural Urban North eastern states Other than North eastern states Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu West Bengal Uttar Pradesh Orissa Karnataka Other states
13.4 14.5 11.4 12.2 13.4 19.5 13.4 7.6 7.4 4.2 4.6 3.2
Master weavers 44.6

35.5 61.5 6.8 45.7 61.2 33.2 24.8 58.7 7.2 39.8 56.9
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Major source of loan - Percentage distribution Friend/ Cooperative Commercial SHGs Traders Others Total relatives societies banks 4.9 5.9 14.8 5.0 4.3 7.2 100.0 Location 5.2 7.3 18.7 6.2 4.6 8.1 100.0 4.3 3.2 7.7 2.7 3.6 5.5 100.0 Regions 9.0 13.1 30.5 17.7 0.8 10.0 100.0 4.7 5.7 14.4 4.6 4.4 7.1 100.0 Major states 5.5 2.3 9.3 0.9 0.3 1.0 100.0 5.7 18.7 13.2 6.4 7.0 2.3 100.0 1.7 3.0 14.7 9.1 13.6 25.6 100.0 13.0 1.9 13.9 0.1 4.0 0.9 100.0 2.8 6.2 54.7 21.4 0.3 3.2 100.0 2.2 27.3 19.7 4.1 0.4 1.9 100.0 11.2 6.1 14.8 1.1 5.5 1.2 100.0
Indebtedness and purpose for taking loans

The proportion of handloom households who reported indebtedness is low, but the proportion is higher for urban households as compared to the rural households. Also, most households do not report borrowing for handloom work. The overall indebtedness distribution is all follows: G Total indebted households: 3.06 lakh (11.0%). G Urban indebted households: 0.77 lakh (21.2%). G Rural indebted households: 2.29 lakh (9.5%). The proportion of indebtedness is not the same across different states. While the North-Eastern states reported 1.6 per cent households currently indebted, this is much higher for some states. These are: G Andhra Pradesh: 47.4%. G West Bengal: 33.6%. G Orissa and Karnataka: About 25%. The main reason for borrowing is for purposes other than handloom. The proportion of households having borrowed for handloom purposes, or for a mix of handloom and other purposes are: G 19.7 per cent of the total households borrowed only for handloom purposes, and 7.4 per cent of the total households for handloom and other purposes. G 27.5 per cent of the urban households borrowed only for handloom
purposes, and 10.8 per cent of the urban households for handloom and other purposes. G 17.1 per cent of the rural households borrowed only for handloom purposes, and 6.3 per cent of the total households for handloom and other purposes.
G G
Commercial banks: 18.7%. Moneylenders: 14.5%.
Urban households G Master weavers: 61.5%. G Commercial Banks: 7.7%. G Moneylenders: 11.4%.
Major source of loans for handloom purpose

The main source of borrowing as reported by the 84,565 households who reported to be currently indebted for handloom purpose are master weavers, commercial banks and moneylenders. In rural areas, the major source of loan for handloom purposes remain the same as the trend for total households, but the dependence on the three major sources is less, and other sources such as cooperatives, self-help groups (SHGs), traders, etc. are also reported, but in small numbers. In urban areas, there is very high dependence on master weavers, and moneylenders and banks play a smaller role. The primary source of loans for handloom purpose for total, rural and urban households are:
All households G Master weavers: 44.6%. G Commercial banks: 14.8%. G Moneylenders: 13.4%. Rural households G Master weavers: 35.5%.
Membership of handloom cooperatives

Handloom workers are currently scattered and work either in isolation or under different market mechanisms. Membership in cooperative societies - which can protect the rights of weavers and facilitate access to development programmes - is low. Most of the households with cooperative society membership are in the commercial states. A distribution by membership of cooperative societies is as follows: G Total membership: 2.74 lakh households (9.8%). G Rural areas: 2.17 lakh households (9.0%). G Urban areas: 0.57 lakh households (15.6%). Most of the 2.74 lakh households who have reported being members of cooperative societies are found in Tamil Nadu (27.6%), Andhra Pradesh (18.1%), the North-East (16.8%), West Bengal (8.3%) and Orissa (7.2%). These states especially, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh - have some level of institutionalisation within the handloom sector.
TABLE 6.6: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS HAVING MEMBERSHIP OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES
States Member handloom households (Lakh) Regions 45,993 2,27,921 Major states 49,579 75,614 22,746 8,427 19,661 21,744 30,150 2,73,914 Share to total handloom households (%)
2.7 20.7 28.0 40.0 5.6 7.6 48.3 57.7 20.7 9.8
Threat perception from power looms and mills

Threat from mills and power looms is reported by a small proportion of households, and mostly in states where there is commercial production, and also has the presence of mills and power looms. The all-India distribution of households regarding the threat perception from power looms and mills is as follows: G High: 16.8%. G Moderate: 16.5%. G No threat: 44%. G Unaware of the existence of a threat: 22.6%. The high threat perception was more for urban (40.3%) households than rural (13.1%) households. Similarly, the perception of zero threat was higher in rural areas (47.2%) than urban (24.4%) areas. The states reporting high level of threat perception from mills/power looms are: G Andhra Pradesh: 84.6%. G Orissa: 59.1%. G Tamil Nadu: 46.5%. G Uttar Pradesh: 33.9%. G Karnataka: 33.1%. It is very interesting to note that West Bengal does not report a significant proportion of households (16.2%) feeling a high level of threat from mills and power looms. The threat perception is very low (2.2%) in the North-Eastern states also because there is as yet low penetration of mills and power looms in these states. Besides, the majority of households is into domestic weaving, and is therefore not impacted by the competition from mills and power looms in the commercial arena (Annexure II: Table 6.14).
Opinion on whether children would take up handloom activity as their profession

During the Third Handloom Census, the respondents were asked for their opinion on whether they believed that their children would continue with handloom activity. The majority response was that they were not sure (35.7%) or that they did not believe that children would pursue the activity (24.5%). Only 25.3 per cent of the households were positive about their children continuing in the trade. The proportion of rural households (26.8%) affirming that their children would continue the handloom work is higher as compared to urban areas (15%). State-wise, there is some variation in the level of interest in continuing this sector by handloom households. 70.3 per cent households in Orissa, which is primarily
in commercial production, believe that their children would be interested in taking up handloom work. In the case of the North-Eastern states, the proportion of handloom households reporting the same is 30.7 per cent. This is primarily because handloom weaving is viewed as a cultural accomplishment in this region. The states where the number of households believing that their children would continue with handloom activity is less than the national average are Tamil Nadu (9.2%), Andhra Pradesh (10.9%) and West Bengal (16.4%). This shows that households in states primarily into handloom production do not believe that their next generation would continue the activity, as the work is hard, time consuming and brings in low remuneration (Annexure II: Table 6.13).
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Annexure I
Census Approach and Methodology
40
Census Approach and Methodology

Data capture challenge
The key requirement of the survey undertaken for the Third Handloom Census, 2010, was to develop an integrated database of household information and photographs of handloom worker households across India. Several options were explored which looked at capturing the alphanumeric data and photographs separately and link the two databases postsurvey. The survey also required the data to be submitted in the draft format to National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) and checked for accuracy. Thus, data-entry had to be organised as a parallel activity to the survey. Therefore, data entry options for the pen and paper survey were explored, which included the following procedures: G Traditional manual data-entry supported with requisite software, which was time consuming; G Data-scanning using Optical Character Reading which meant printed character recognition. It also meant that the questionnaire had to be totally structured, with response options only in terms of shaded boxes, which would not be suitable for handwritten entries of name and address information critical to the survey. G Intelligent Character Recognition techniques that recognise handwriting and could work, provided the paper was good and the handwriting clear and consistent, which would be a challenge in a large survey team. For linking the photo to the data, tagging of photographs using the questionnaire number and the name of person was considered. However, since the database was expected to be as much as 1.9 million households, these options of post-survey integration of databases with high probability of human error posed too great a challenge. It was finally concluded that a survey using Personal Digital Assistants - generally known as the PDA mobile - was the best option for integrated data and photo capture, and Nielsen, experienced with this mode of data capture, had offered this cutting edge technology for the census. The PDA based option had advantages of recording data in electronic format during the survey itself, with in-built range, filter, consistency and skip conditions. Besides, the photographs of persons surveyed were entered as data items in the questionnaire, and the data could be transferred from the PDA to the central server on real time basis.
Conceptualisation and design: fieldwork and data transfer

The finalised questionnaires were to be downloaded from the web by the field teams on their PDAs and used for the primary survey, and data uploaded to the server directly from the PDAs wherever connectivity was available. The supervisor had the facility to log into SurveyET web interface and view the survey status of their interviewers/team members, and select records for back-check, and if required, modify the data and upload it to the server.
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FIGURE A1: SURVEY ET SOLUTION ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM

Data acquisition & real time information dissemination using mobile computing technology
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Reports were to be generated from the SurveyET server on a weekly basis and necessary hygiene checks were to be undertaken. The backend team was to extract the data from the SurveyET server on a weekly basis and import this to the backend production server for data processing. After necessary checks, and in case of anomalies, errors or missing photographs, the affected records were to be sent back to the field for correction. The finalised data was to be submitted to NCAER.
Critical preparatory activities

The preparations commenced with the development of the Questionnaire and Training Manual. Questionnaires were finalised after rigorous pre-testing in different states. The HTC P3000 (CDMA phone) was selected as the PDA model, as the surveyed states mostly had CDMA networks and 900 devices were procured. The Reliance CDMA connection was chosen as the connectivity option. Application development using SurveyET software for survey questionnaires was undertaken and finalised after several rounds of testing. The data structure was subsequently finalised and the data export utility developed for exporting data from the SurveyET server to the main production server.
The supporting infrastructure used included a frontend server for data uploading, which had SurveyET (proprietary) software and Microsoft SQL server 2005 Standard Edition and Microsoft SQL CE 2.0. A highend server was deployed for backend data production. Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) Version 5.0 was used as the web server. A Central Help Desk (CHD) was set up in order to facilitate technology use by the field teams, who also had the responsibility of managing all field communications, and eventually the centralised upload of data. The IT Help Desk provided technical guidance to the CHD. The Back-end Data Management Team was constituted for extracting data from the SurveyET server to the production (backend) server, check, correct (with the help of field teams), and finalise the data and photographs. They ensured weekly data submission to the client for further checks and correction.
with all stakeholders. Thus, a central Training of Trainers (ToT) was organised for all the stakeholders, including representatives from NCAER and the Ministry of Textiles. Subsequently, 44 regional training sessions were organised on exactly the same lines as the ToT to ensure uniform understanding of the questionnaire and skill of using the PDAs for survey and data transfer. The training for the use of technology included knowledge on the PDA installation and navigation process, taking data-backup from PDAs to SD cards and restoring data from backup (SD cards) to the PDA device for synchronisation, PDA management and safety measures, and checking data receipt at the server end. The roll-out of regional trainings was implemented in a similar manner, with participation from NCAER, the State's Weaver Training Centre and Nielsen research team for the questionnaire related training and the Nielsen PDA champions for the technology related training.
Roll-out of training
The survey was to cover 30,000 villages and towns with a huge team of 125 supervisors and 625 interviewers. Use of PDAs for survey by such a large team demanded that a meticulous training programme be designed and implemented in partnership
Roll-out of fieldwork
Fieldwork was undertaken by a three tier team, the basic structure of which was a field executive at state level, supported by field teams. Each field team comprised of a supervisor and five Interviewers. The
TABLE A.1: SUMMARY OF BACK-CHECK OF MAJOR INDICATORS

Period
First stage Second stage Total
No. of villages 1759 2676 4435
No. of households 50460 65948 116408
Age of head Count % 2970 5.9 2796 4.2 5766 5.0
Household size Count % 5235 10.7 4798 7.3 10033 8.6
No. of looms Count % 9011 17.9 5873 8.9 14884 12.8
Split cases Count % 238 0.5 164 0.2 402 0.3
interviewer had the responsibility for the enumeration and household survey, while the supervisor undertook data quality checks, data transfer and logistics. In each selected village or town, the enumeration process was initiated in discussion with the panchayats/ward member and a list of locations inhabited by handloom workers within the village/town area was compiled. The survey proceeded with due snowballing and validation, till each listed area was covered.
Survey process Each listed household was first asked whether they had engaged in handloom activity in the last year, and if yes, the investigator checked for evidence of loom, yarn on premise, spinning wheel or charkha, warping drum, dyeing equipments, etc. The looms were physically checked before the interview started. The survey protocol followed is as follows: G The interview was conducted inside the house. The interviewer took prior permission from the household head to go inside to conduct the interview. G The investigator checked a secondary document -ration card, voter card or ICICI Health Insurance card - to record the names of members and correct the residential address. G The definition of the household was explained to the respondent that it included all persons (related or unrelated) living in the house and sharing the same kitchen for six months in the year preceding the survey date. The name, age, gender and type of engagement (if any) of each such person was entered in a roster in the investigator's notebook. Care was taken to check if children were involved in the weaving and allied activities. G The investigator physically checked the loom(s) in the house to see the type of loom and note whether the loom was functional (having worked in the year before survey date) or idle. G The investigator then opened the survey questionnaire in the PDA and started the survey.
Each eligible member present at the time of interview had to be photographed, and subsequently their right forefinger nail stained with marker pen. In case, some members were not available at the time of the interview, the interview was paused and completed after a second visit. G Photography was undertaken as per set protocol, with a square grey cloth held behind the person being photographed to ensure uniformity of background. The photograph had to be taken during daylight hours, with the source of light behind the investigator. The object was placed two feet away from the camera, and the front face including the shoulder to the top of the head was focused on. G Subsequently, all the key information about the household just surveyed would be entered in a hard copy log sheet. This was used for supervision purpose and to maintain a record of all interviews conducted in the village/town for generation of the weekly MIS on survey coverage. G The interviewer would put a mark on the door with a chalk piece after enumeration. G To avoid data loss, data backup in SD card was taken after each completed interview.
G
shared with the panchayat or the ward councillor. The eligibility criteria were explained to the pradhan/ward councillor and feedback was taken for missing eligible households and ineligible households. This feedback was randomly checked before being passed on to the investigator for completing the work in the village/town. G The supervisor then visited some of the mohallas/wards in the village/ town selected for back-check and spoke to two or three listed households and checked for the completeness of enumeration in the mohalla/ ward and noted missing households, if any, and surveyed them. G He would then visit unlisted mohallas/ hamlets/wards and check with two or three households for presence of eligible household.
Check on the survey data G Supervisors back-checked the key indicators for randomly selected five to ten households each day and checked the following information on the basis of the log sheet: G Name of head of the household of a surveyed household and households not-available on the date of the first interviews. G Key information, which included household size, number of weavers and allied workers 18 years and above, male and female, number of working and idle looms, type of ration card, etc.
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Quality control process

As per the quality control protocol, the supervisor checked 15 per cent of the questionnaires. Additionally, the field executive in charge for states (or regions within large states), checked 1 per cent of the schedules checked by the supervisor, and an independent quality control team was separately deployed. Over and above, NCAER undertook an independent check of 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the data.
Check on the enumeration process G It was the supervisor's responsibility to back-check the enumeration of 20 per cent of the villages/towns surveyed. G The investigator's log sheet was
For all households, where data errors were found for key indicators, full questionnaires were checked on PDA and corrected for error, and uploaded again. G If more than 30 per cent of schedules back-checked had errors, a full backcheck of the village was organised, and the investigator accordingly debriefed and monitored. G The supervisor had to submit a weekly MIS to the field executive, which was compiled at state and
G
project level to track the completion of the survey. Over and above the supervisor's check, each field executive had the responsibility of undertaking an additional 1 per cent random check on the schedules checked by the supervisor.
3-5% parallel checking by NCAER NCAER randomly selected 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the questionnaires across all states to check for the completeness of enumeration and quality of data. This check was implemented continuously on the basis of weekly data submissions by the survey agencies. In areas where the data error was more than 3 per cent, re-survey was organised. The back-checking not only helped the survey agencies to revamp their work periodically but also improved the quality of the data collected. The field staff recruited by the survey agencies initially tried to falsely increase the number of handloom units in some of the states. The initial back-check of households suggested that although nearly all the photographs checked were genuine, some of the household had been split into two households to increase the coverage report and, thus, 0.5 per cent of a household unit reported as single member unit were found to be wrong when checked. These results were conveyed to the managers of the survey agencies, and a large detection and re-survey exercise was launched by these agencies. The incidence of such split, however, reduced to 0.2 per cent at the later stage of back-checking at the all-India level. In all 1.16 lakh household units were back-checked by NCAER supervisors over a period of time covering 4,435 villages. About 75 per cent of the back-checking of households was covered in the North-Eastern states followed by West Bengal (6%), Uttar Pradesh (5.5%), Andhra Pradesh (5.1%), Tamil Nadu (4.8%) and all other states (3.6%). The mistakes in the addresses were found in 1.6 per cent of total cases that were back-checked. Initially, in the first half of the back-checking exercise, about 3 per cent mistakes in addresses were observed, which was reduced to 0.6 per cent at a later stage. Similarly, mistakes in identifying the name of the household head were noticed in 1 per cent of cases. A summary of number of mismatching found in household size, number of looms owned, age of head and number of split cases at the all-India level in back-checking
is present in Table A.1.
Data finalisation
The data finalisation process was in four parts: i. Address check and correction, ii. Check of household, loom and worker data, iii. Checking the spellings of names and their translation in local languages, and iv. Checking and editing of photographs.
i. Address check and correction Address checking was done based on Census, 2001, data. We matched the following with the Census record: G Spelling of village/town/block/ municipality/district/state G Census codes of village/town/ block/mnicipality/district/state G The Census, 2001, data was strictly followed for all corrections in spellings and codes G For villages not found in the Census, 2001, data, Nielsen generated a unique eight digit code for each of the new villages. This was, however, done only for villages. ii. Check of household, loom and worker data Checking in case of anomalies in the data was undertaken mostly on the basis of field log sheets (which were filled by enumerators after completing the survey in each household unit), which had the following information: G Name of the household head, age and gender. G Household size with male, female and children breakup. G Information on loom(s): total available, and the number working and idle looms. G Number of family members who were engaged in handloom activities during the last one year and the number of members who were 18 years and above, for male and female members separately. iii. Checking of spellings of names and their translation in local language This exercise was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involved the checking of spellings in surnames especially, and also in first names. These corrections were undertaken by the survey teams, where special data correction teams had been set up in field offices. This was due to the reason that knowledge of local names and surnames
would be higher with the local survey team, who would also be conversant with local language. Phase 2 of the work was to implement the correction in the English spelling in the local language version of the name and surname. This work was undertaken by a team of translators and the back-end data management team.
iv. Checking and editing of photographs This exercise was undertaken centrally at the main analysis offices of the survey agencies, which served as central hubs for data-storage. A team under the guidance of a professional photographer was mobilised to check photo quality, based on certain criteria fixed by NCAER, which included clarity of the photo and availability of facial features, and details from shoulder to top of the head. The teams identified photographs that had issues with quality and shared them with a professional photo edit team for checking and correction. During the process, the team identified photographs that could not be used as they were beyond editing and, hence, such photographs had to be rejected. All the rejected photographs were archived separately and preserved.
44
Issues and challenges

Initially, the interviewers took almost two to three weeks to be comfortable with the technology. Also, as photographs were required to be taken, evening hours were not suitable for the survey. Thus, the number of work hours during winter months was reduced. Further, the teams had to often return to household for revisits, if the eligible persons were not available at the time of interview. Most of the weaver villages are in scattered locations and towards interior parts of the districts, and it was with great difficulty that interviewers surveyed these villages, as public transport was limited or not available. Since more than 60 per cent of the weavers were in the North-Eastern states, the terrain was also not hospitable, and the law and order situation and frequent bandhs disrupted movement and work. The lists of survey locations were mostly inaccurate in terms of estimates, and more than 7,000 listed villages were found to have no weavers, which required continuous revisions in field planning and deployment. Besides, the teams - with some help from district and block administrations -made special efforts to cover locations that were not included in the survey lists.
FIGURE A2: CENSUS PROCESSES ILLUSTRATION - FIELD
45
FIGURE A3: CENSUS PROCESSES ILLUSTRATION - HQ
Although the investigators had mastered the art of questionnaire navigation on their PDAs, they faced issues with maintenance of backup files and data
transfer. Further training was organised for systematic creation and maintenance of backup files and data transfer. Synchronisation from the PDA, especially in poor
connectivity areas, was found to be time consuming, and the teams had to accumulate data for weekly dispatch. To improve data dispatch discipline and efficiency, the teams had to change data transfer protocols from field level to a centralised data synchronisation at CHD level. The PDA based survey yielded unique benefits in term of data quality, as inconsistencies were prevented at the time of the survey itself. There was also savings in cycle time and cost, and avoidance of non-sampling errors associated with manual data-entry. Real time data was required by the client to ensure parallel checking and correction, and with the PDA technology, the required speed in data delivery speed to the client could be achieved. A military-like discipline had to prevail to maintain quality, accuracy and pace of the survey and technology use. This was a major challenge for the team and a huge achievement, as they successfully completed the survey of over 2.5 million households located mostly in rural areas, where PDA based surveys have never been undertaken at this scale.
46
CENSUS OF HANDLOOM WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010
47
Annexure II
Tables
TABLE 3.1 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE (2009-10)

State Location Total households Weaver households Allied households Others*
ANDHRA PRADESH
ARUNACHAL PRADESH ASSAM
48
BIHAR
CHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
79,483 53,377 132,860 21,291 1,853 23,144 1,078,629 17,650 1,096,279 9,104 1,068 10,172 1,930 289 2,219 1,293 1,293 2,542 534 3,076 358 5,062 5,420 6,012 8 6,020 4,220 2,483 6,703 7,508 1,128 8,636 26,283 3,146 29,429 7,567 1,995 9,562 1,818 3,897 5,715 457 1,084 1,541
27,572 15,174 42,746 3,049 464 3,513 48,786 1,134 49,920 11,908 3,287 15,195 345 100 445 582 582 375 216 591 76 959 1,035 984 1 985 7,582 3,007 10,589 4,853 678 5,531 7,347 642 7,989 1,203 906 2,109 788 2,188 2,976 74 362 436
1,059 331 1,390 2,972 714 3,686 92,610 2,008 94,618 87 31 118 0 0 0 0 0 7 2 9 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 11 0 11 224 38 262 13 6 19 0 0 0 0 0 0
TABLE 3.1 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE (2009-10)
State
Location
Total households
Weaver households
149,303 26,674 175,977 10,800 10,800 31,053 7,878 38,931 42,196 383 42,579 32,678 762 33,440 957 485 1,442 539 282 821 3,410 2,408 5,818 534 534 97,002 66,288 163,290 117,952 756 118,708 49,383 35,072 84,455 2,830 2,503 5,333 199,347 44,464 243,811 1,985,186 282,822 2,268,008
Allied households
516 897 1,413 191 191 381 168 549 16,134 143 16,277 5,554 648 6,202 200 111 311 982 574 1,556 13,297 3,485 16,782 7 7 15,932 9,680 25,612 674 37 711 13,559 12,453 26,012 4,034 1,238 5,272 129,606 15,982 145,588 316,009 75,116 391,125
Others*
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTRAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
1,293 292 1,585 409 409 12 7 19 2,032 3 2,035 1,035 6 1,041 1 0 1 0 0 0 64 4 68 27 27 98 69 167 1,153 80 1,233 14 61 75 1 0 1 16,798 564 17,362 119,922 4,216 124,138
49
Note: * includes idle loom households and households with no adult workers.
TABLE 3.2 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)

State Location Scheduled caste (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
50
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
1,178 523 1,701 887 97 984 105,002 3,340 108,342 857 163 1,020 517 52 569 967 967 2,696 506 3,202 32 978 1,010 1,882 0 1,882 1,375 100 1,475 48 78 126 757 85 842 453 130 583 1,202 1,390 2,592 130 129 259
520 425 945 23,222 2,286 25,508 310,580 2,013 312,593 509 74 583 74 10 84 17 17 20 207 227 8 234 242 330 1 331 264 6 270 43 90 133 1,090 54 1,144 19 3 22 194 176 370 146 250 396
100,288 60,539 160,827 1,316 168 1,484 489,577 7,502 497,079 18,703 4,080 22,783 1,681 326 2,007 768 768 104 14 118 340 4,169 4,509 1,052 5 1,057 715 71 786 12,239 1,606 13,845 29,237 3,231 32,468 7,400 2,598 9,998 1,063 3,797 4,860 169 538 707
6,128 7,395 13,523 1,887 480 2,367 314,866 7,937 322,803 1,030 69 1,099 3 1 4 123 123 104 25 129 54 640 694 3,733 3 3,736 9,449 5,313 14,762 42 32 74 2,770 456 3,226 911 176 1,087 147 722 869 86 529 615
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.2 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State
Location
Scheduled caste (SCs)

5,825 2,415 8,240 358 358 68 3 71 319 3 322 5,494 18 5,512 3 0 3 481 673 1,154 9,113 1,714 10,827 38 38 3,611 824 4,435 1,071 158 1,229 5,622 5,360 10,982 1,543 185 1,728 85,626 16,977 102,603 236,188 36,868 273,056
Scheduled tribes (STs)

38,505 424 38,929 10,950 10,950 30,891 7,899 38,790 59,646 525 60,171 1,257 29 1,286 0 0 0 434 1 435 174 45 219 337 337 2,321 470 2,791 112,416 409 112,825 980 374 1,354 971 198 1,169 2,673 483 3,156 598,574 16,703 615,277
Other backward castes (OBCs)

39,819 8,104 47,923 78 78 192 8 200 134 0 134 32,116 1,356 33,472 1,153 596 1,749 511 157 668 4,488 3,255 7,743 118 118 88,388 59,033 147,421 5,502 193 5,695 49,895 37,081 86,976 3,851 3,210 7,061 38,484 7,927 46,411 928,613 210,332 1,138,945
Others
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
66,963 16,920 83,883 14 14 295 143 438 263 1 264 400 13 413 2 0 2 95 25 120 2,996 883 3,879 75 75 18,712 15,710 34,422 790 113 903 6,459 4,771 11,230 500 148 648 218,968 35,623 254,591 657,742 98,251 755,993
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
51
TABLE 3.3 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY RELIGION (2009-10)

State Location Hindus Muslims Sikhs Christians Buddhists Others All religion
ANDHRA PRADESH
52
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
103,517 64,182 167,699 13,680 1,173 14,853 1,111,291 20,223 1,131,514 7,895 3,551 11,446 2,272 384 2,656 1,001 1,001 2,738 500 3,238 116 2,965 3,081 6,850 8 6,858 2,743 192 2,935 988 381 1,369 31,191 3,649 34,840 7,774 2,839 10,613 1,839 2,327 4,166 508 942 1,450
3,701 3,565 7,266 65 16 81 93,146 454 93,600 13,164 831 13,995 0 5 5 867 867 182 250 432 318 3,031 3,349 31 0 31 9,026 5,292 14,318 11,367 1,424 12,791 2,138 168 2,306 43 22 65 766 3,752 4,518 17 450 467
16 7 23 14 4 18 392 4 396 33 3 36 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 20 20 1 0 1 30 5 35 12 0 12 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 6 7 0 0 0
174 154 328 2,654 190 2,844 13,400 105 13,505 3 0 3 0 0 0 1 1 4 1 5 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 3 0 3 82 5 87 959 46 1,005 0 0 0 0 2 2
7 4 11 8,941 1,443 10,384 1,073 0 1,073 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 111 1 112 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 52 55
699 970 1,669 1,958 205 2,163 723 6 729 2 1 3 3 0 3 5 5 0 1 1 0 2 2 4 0 4 2 1 3 2 1 3 442 4 446 6 0 6 0 0 0 3 0 3
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.3 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY RELIGION (2009-10)
State
Location
Hindus
Muslims
Sikhs
Christians
Buddhists
Others
All religion
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
98,839 25,033 123,872 10,924 10,924 52 5 57 732 2 734 38,320 1,403 39,723 1,150 587 1,737 720 597 1,317 15,202 2,763 17,965 244 244 109,333 74,619 183,952 102,645 843 103,488 10,980 5,046 16,026 4,707 680 5,387 206,214 51,132 257,346 1,893,464 267,027 2,160,491
7,019 1,606 8,625 6 6 53 2 55 109 0 109 7 13 20 2 2 4 490 136 626 1,432 3,065 4,497 0 0 976 639 1,615 454 9 463 51,915 42,460 94,375 2,117 3,048 5,165 139,035 9,842 148,877 337,579 80,949 418,528
54 2 56 2 2 108 14 122 114 1 115 1 0 1 0 0 0 283 122 405 39 46 85 0 0 113 29 142 149 0 149 57 72 129 36 10 46 153 6 159 1,610 352 1,962
38,808 443 39,251 386 386 27,161 7,871 35,032 59,297 525 59,822 82 0 82 6 7 13 23 1 24 1 0 1 26 26 2,573 677 3,250 8,972 20 8,992 2 0 2 2 0 2 204 5 209 154,824 10,054 164,878
41 3 44 82 82 4,037 151 4,188 100 1 101 850 0 850 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 292 292 5 0 5 7,465 1 7,466 1 0 1 2 0 2 4 0 4 23,018 1,658 24,676
6,351 776 7,127 0 0 35 10 45 10 0 10 7 0 7 0 0 0 3 0 3 97 23 120 6 6 32 73 105 94 0 94 1 8 9 1 3 4 141 25 166 10,622 2,114 12,736
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
53
TABLE 3.4 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY POSSESSION OF LOOMS (2009-10)

State Location Household with looms Household without looms Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
54
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
50,355 24,893 75,248 18,778 1,959 20,737 950,539 15,900 966,439 5,907 780 6,687 1,554 187 1,741 301 301 2,378 438 2,816 18 44 62 4,976 4 4,980 4,014 2,171 6,185 1,543 147 1,690 17,960 1,936 19,896 2,062 435 2,497 944 1,423 2,367 336 342 678
57,759 43,989 101,748 8,534 1,072 9,606 269,486 4,892 274,378 15,192 3,606 18,798 721 202 923 1,574 1,574 546 314 860 416 5,977 6,393 2,021 5 2,026 7,789 3,319 11,108 10,829 1,659 12,488 15,894 1,890 17,784 6,721 2,472 9,193 1,662 4,662 6,324 195 1,104 1,299
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.4 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY POSSESSION OF LOOMS (2009-10)
State
Location
Household with looms

149,469 26,678 176,147 8,165 8,165 14,959 6,150 21,109 42,672 260 42,932 30,861 652 31,513 483 216 699 244 6 250 2,670 2,096 4,766 265 265 63,202 41,920 105,122 113,333 671 114,004 35,624 22,316 57,940 1,478 1,481 2,959 144,619 29,292 173,911 1,669,408 182,698 1,852,106
Household without looms

1,643 1,185 2,828 3,235 3,235 16,487 1,903 18,390 17,690 269 17,959 8,406 764 9,170 675 380 1,055 1,277 850 2,127 14,101 3,801 17,902 303 303 49,830 34,117 83,947 6,446 202 6,648 27,332 25,270 52,602 5,387 2,260 7,647 201,132 31,718 232,850 751,709 179,456 931,165
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
55
TABLE 3.5 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE OF LOOMS (2009-10)
State Location Domestic Commercial Both domestic and commercial
964 1,282 2,246 3,504 342 3,846 217,793 4,154 221,947 227 15 242 1 0 1 8 8 28 0 28 0 1 1 773 0 773 2,634 108 2,742 31 0 31 184 42 226 112 3 115 16 95 111 2 16 18
Not applicable
Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
56
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
114 536 650 11,827 682 12,509 616,112 9,327 625,439 157 38 195 54 0 54 45 45 0 0 0 0 4 4 3,489 4 3,493 0 2 2 153 2 155 655 12 667 43 0 43 7 19 26 0 0 0
106,780 67,001 173,781 10,164 1,323 11,487 317,272 5,548 322,820 20,628 4,302 24,930 2,220 389 2,609 1,822 1,822 2,896 752 3,648 434 6,016 6,450 2,735 5 2,740 9,169 5,380 14,549 12,177 1,804 13,981 32,894 3,763 36,657 8,618 2,902 11,520 2,583 5,971 8,554 529 1,430 1,959
256 63 319 1,817 684 2,501 68,848 1,763 70,611 87 31 118 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 11 121 9 130 10 2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.5 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE OF LOOMS (2009-10)
State
Location
Domestic
Commercial
Both domestic and commercial

123,758 22,687 146,445 1,592 1,592 772 459 1,231 28,944 249 29,193 925 6 931 27 1 28 0 0 0 20 6 26 92 92 3,918 2,238 6,156 6,723 45 6,768 543 157 700 287 4 291 11,951 701 12,652 405,821 32,619 438,440
Not applicable
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
845 16 861 6,066 6,066 13,029 4,782 17,811 9,579 5 9,584 688 1 689 2 0 2 1 0 1 114 35 149 0 0 2,999 994 3,993 100,485 416 100,901 147 87 234 40 33 73 2,137 51 2,188 768,743 17,091 785,834
26,447 5,135 31,582 3,547 3,547 17,642 2,812 20,454 20,040 275 20,315 36,642 1,403 38,045 1,129 595 1,724 1,520 856 2,376 16,575 5,852 22,427 449 449 106,105 72,798 178,903 12,554 412 12,966 62,252 47,281 109,533 6,537 3,704 10,241 327,520 60,152 387,672 1,168,058 309,683 1,477,741
62 25 87 195 195 3 0 3 1,799 0 1,799 1,012 6 1,018 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 4 66 27 27 10 7 17 17 0 17 14 61 75 1 0 1 4,143 106 4,249 78,495 2,761 81,256
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
57
TABLE 3.6 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF DWELLING UNIT (2009-10)
State Location Kuchha Semi pucca Pucca Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
58
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
11,444 6,369 17,813 21,867 1,259 23,126 894,091 9,598 903,689 12,969 1,099 14,068 1,718 263 1,981 43 43 171 19 190 13 53 66 2,268 5 2,273 2,565 671 3,236 9,576 1,460 11,036 6,090 740 6,830 1,160 70 1,230 1,716 2,344 4,060 143 446 589
57,916 33,658 91,574 4,392 1,552 5,944 178,063 3,800 181,863 5,329 2,324 7,653 490 93 583 394 394 1,918 426 2,344 240 1,656 1,896 1,628 2 1,630 6,416 3,300 9,716 1,981 177 2,158 26,619 2,875 29,494 3,339 176 3,515 620 2,720 3,340 255 667 922
38,754 28,855 67,609 1,053 220 1,273 147,871 7,394 155,265 2,801 963 3,764 67 33 100 1,438 1,438 835 307 1,142 181 4,312 4,493 3,101 2 3,103 2,822 1,519 4,341 815 169 984 1,145 211 1,356 4,284 2,661 6,945 270 1,021 1,291 133 333 466
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.6 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF DWELLING UNIT (2009-10)
State
Location
Kuchha
Semi pucca
Pucca
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
65,357 8,984 74,341 9,587 9,587 9,260 919 10,179 43,254 429 43,683 21,452 294 21,746 222 148 370 288 38 326 5,984 634 6,618 169 169 12,596 7,759 20,355 67,132 450 67,582 18,763 8,094 26,857 2,322 866 3,188 219,296 24,105 243,401 1,441,473 77,159 1,518,632
82,302 17,980 100,282 1,017 1,017 21,380 6,583 27,963 14,078 39 14,117 7,653 367 8,020 567 214 781 705 336 1,041 4,107 1,187 5,294 368 368 85,898 56,795 142,693 52,063 349 52,412 27,101 15,424 42,525 3,183 1,124 4,307 88,396 23,336 111,732 678,024 177,554 855,578
3,453 899 4,352 796 796 806 551 1,357 3,030 61 3,091 10,162 755 10,917 369 234 603 528 482 1,010 6,680 4,076 10,756 31 31 14,538 11,483 26,021 584 74 658 17,092 24,068 41,160 1,360 1,751 3,111 38,059 13,569 51,628 301,620 107,441 409,061
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
59
TABLE 3.7 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY OWNERSHIP OF DWELLING (2009-10)

State Location Owned Rented Others Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
60
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
87,502 38,826 126,328 25,447 1,684 27,131 1,149,444 16,064 1,165,508 20,297 4,003 24,300 1,907 378 2,285 1,075 1,075 2,835 659 3,494 56 840 896 6,799 6 6,805 11,471 5,373 16,844 12,214 1,778 13,992 27,846 2,363 30,209 8,375 2,863 11,238 2,303 4,653 6,956 472 1,192 1,664
19,718 29,653 49,371 1,363 1,205 2,568 6,465 538 7,003 612 341 953 345 8 353 396 396 77 65 142 204 2,730 2,934 142 0 142 99 76 175 140 23 163 4,740 1,184 5,924 258 34 292 273 1,290 1,563 59 226 285
894 403 1,297 502 142 644 64,116 4,190 68,306 190 42 232 23 3 26 404 404 12 28 40 174 2,451 2,625 56 3 59 233 41 274 18 5 23 1,268 279 1,547 150 10 160 30 142 172 0 28 28
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.7 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY OWNERSHIP OF DWELLING (2009-10)
State
Location
Owned
Rented
Others
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
139,150 26,858 166,008 10,999 10,999 28,499 5,869 34,368 59,014 526 59,540 38,486 1,229 39,715 797 320 1,117 1,090 714 1,804 16,400 5,603 22,003 539 539 90,609 54,543 145,152 116,493 623 117,116 59,062 42,439 101,501 6,698 3,507 10,205 325,153 56,752 381,905 2,249,957 280,740 2,530,697
7,645 177 7,822 11 11 2,782 1,952 4,734 1,134 2 1,136 557 157 714 349 250 599 301 23 324 305 231 536 27 27 21,852 21,083 42,935 2,275 242 2,517 2,421 4,457 6,878 134 200 334 2,539 1,917 4,456 76,827 68,460 145,287
4,317 828 5,145 390 390 165 232 397 214 1 215 224 30 254 12 26 38 130 119 249 66 63 129 2 2 571 411 982 1,011 8 1,019 1,473 690 2,163 33 34 67 18,059 2,341 20,400 94,333 12,954 107,287
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
61
TABLE 3.8 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD (2009-10)
State Location AAY BPL APL No ration card Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
62
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
4,713 2,019 6,732 1,547 20 1,567 165,468 2,954 168,422 1,122 140 1,262 180 49 229 37 37 56 7 63 7 15 22 330 0 330 1,159 134 1,293 1,169 575 1,744 3,230 189 3,419 43 41 84 273 245 518 22 13 35
98,609 57,018 155,627 11,407 445 11,852 307,482 3,983 311,465 10,530 1,976 12,506 1,603 231 1,834 734 734 1,729 378 2,107 29 403 432 2,053 1 2,054 4,840 1,003 5,843 2,936 549 3,485 25,095 2,479 27,574 4,449 1,424 5,873 1,401 3,351 4,752 289 505 794
700 1,619 2,319 10,024 2,069 12,093 467,658 8,615 476,273 5,947 1,303 7,250 242 54 296 316 316 1,125 363 1,488 43 993 1,036 4,489 5 4,494 5,358 4,142 9,500 2,832 216 3,048 2,749 533 3,282 4,166 1,339 5,505 708 1,263 1,971 190 773 963
4,092 8,226 12,318 4,334 497 4,831 279,417 5,240 284,657 3,500 967 4,467 250 55 305 788 788 14 4 18 355 4,610 4,965 125 3 128 446 211 657 5,435 466 5,901 2,780 625 3,405 125 103 228 224 1,226 1,450 30 155 185
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 3.8 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD (2009-10)
State
Location
AAY
BPL
APL
No ration card
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
7,682 1,810 9,492 565 565 3,122 446 3,568 984 6 990 2,769 69 2,838 9 6 15 8 4 12 148 16 164 0 0 2,453 1,264 3,717 20,942 38 20,980 4,747 1,489 6,236 376 122 498 29,986 6,097 36,083 253,110 17,805 270,915
45,199 8,641 53,840 2,520 2,520 11,779 1,822 13,601 14,353 10 14,363 17,787 530 18,317 1,040 506 1,546 255 374 629 5,320 2,006 7,326 323 323 102,621 70,665 173,286 43,577 178 43,755 11,414 3,930 15,344 2,935 606 3,541 111,465 19,908 131,373 843,040 183,656 1,026,696
17,507 3,285 20,792 1,502 1,502 16,454 5,474 21,928 699 1 700 10,523 419 10,942 106 81 187 884 360 1,244 11,054 3,651 14,705 203 203 6,397 3,086 9,483 40,666 587 41,253 41,704 38,832 80,536 3,178 2,731 5,909 187,548 32,521 220,069 844,656 114,631 959,287
80,724 14,127 94,851 6,813 6,813 91 311 402 44,326 512 44,838 8,188 398 8,586 3 3 6 374 118 492 249 224 473 42 42 1,561 1,022 2,583 14,594 70 14,664 5,091 3,335 8,426 376 282 658 16,752 2,484 19,236 480,311 46,062 526,373
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
63
TABLE 3.9 DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL POPULATION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY GENDER (2009-10)
State Location Male (14 years and above)
147,733 96,670 244,403 48,168 5,083 53,251 2,135,490 36,276 2,171,766 30,650 6,876 37,526 4,035 639 4,674 3,530 3,530 5,685 1,501 7,186 607 8,411 9,018 13,534 15 13,549 24,526 12,523 37,049 15,855 2,111 17,966 61,632 6,447 68,079 14,241 4,957 19,198 3,646 10,131 13,777 1,041 3,175 4,216
Female (14 years and above)

142,656 92,714 235,370 46,565 5,219 51,784 2,114,870 37,553 2,152,423 30,740 6,922 37,662 3,481 590 4,071 3,022 3,022 5,441 1,524 6,965 364 5,111 5,475 13,044 20 13,064 26,517 12,326 38,843 15,222 2,208 17,430 60,056 6,203 66,259 15,701 6,058 21,759 3,458 9,373 12,831 960 2,959 3,919
Children (Less than 14 Years)

91,187 61,703 152,890 44,495 3,560 48,055 1,594,815 20,760 1,615,575 46,509 8,815 55,324 2,766 414 3,180 3,125 3,125 4,607 1,132 5,739 590 7,291 7,881 9,060 14 9,074 16,213 6,981 23,194 28,275 4,580 32,855 43,452 4,275 47,727 5,772 1,969 7,741 3,676 8,527 12,203 516 1,991 2,507
Total population
Average household size

3.53 3.65 3.57 5.10 4.57 5.05 4.79 4.55 4.79 5.11 5.16 5.12 4.52 4.22 4.48 5.16 5.16 5.38 5.53 5.41 3.60 3.46 3.47 5.09 5.44 5.09 5.70 5.80 5.73 4.80 4.93 4.81 4.88 4.42 4.83 4.07 4.47 4.17 4.14 4.61 4.47 4.74 5.62 5.38
ANDHRA PRADESH
64
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
381,576 251,087 632,663 139,228 13,862 153,090 5,845,175 94,589 5,939,764 107,899 22,613 130,512 10,282 1,643 11,925 9,677 9,677 15,733 4,157 19,890 1,561 20,813 22,374 35,638 49 35,687 67,256 31,830 99,086 59,352 8,899 68,251 165,140 16,925 182,065 35,714 12,984 48,698 10,780 28,031 38,811 2,517 8,125 10,642
TABLE 3.9 (CONTD...) DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL POPULATION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY GENDER (2009-10)
State
Location
Male (14 years and above)

287,660 50,721 338,381 18,250 18,250 57,465 15,362 72,827 113,700 1,047 114,747 66,972 2,720 69,692 1,732 909 2,641 2,371 1,737 4,108 31,339 10,802 42,141 1,185 1,185 156,529 107,473 264,002 169,969 1,306 171,275 94,660 78,565 173,225 11,927 5,382 17,309 519,599 94,661 614,260 4,040,201 569,030 4,609,231
Female (14 years and above)

296,043 55,135 351,178 18,375 18,375 60,078 17,750 77,828 114,746 1,138 115,884 64,956 2,700 67,656 1,722 900 2,622 2,186 1,532 3,718 29,716 12,045 41,761 1,296 1,296 151,215 103,075 254,290 168,128 1,380 169,508 96,056 74,694 170,750 11,469 5,481 16,950 524,406 93,742 618,148 4,019,467 561,374 4,580,841
Children (Less than 14 Years)

190,373 34,203 224,576 16,959 16,959 56,840 11,363 68,203 77,524 495 78,019 53,322 1,669 54,991 1,035 551 1,586 2,653 1,426 4,079 32,632 8,919 41,551 581 581 84,611 60,269 144,880 164,121 864 164,985 139,556 102,932 242,488 11,662 7,394 19,056 428,687 56,630 485,317 3,152,489 421,852 3,574,341
Total population
774,076 140,059 914,135 53,584 53,584 174,383 44,475 218,858 305,970 2,680 308,650 185,250 7,089 192,339 4,489 2,360 6,849 7,210 4,695 11,905 93,687 31,766 125,453 3,062 3,062 392,355 270,817 663,172 502,218 3,550 505,768 330,272 256,191 586,463 35,058 18,257 53,315 1,472,692 245,033 1,717,725 11,212,157 1,552,256 12,764,413
Average household size

5.12 5.03 5.11 4.70 4.70 5.55 5.52 5.54 5.07 5.07 5.07 4.72 5.01 4.73 3.88 3.96 3.90 4.74 5.48 5.01 5.59 5.39 5.53 5.39 5.39 3.47 3.56 3.51 4.19 4.07 4.19 5.25 5.38 5.31 5.11 4.88 5.03 4.26 4.02 4.22 4.63 4.29 4.59
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
65
TABLE 3.10 AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE (2009-10)
State Location Weaver household Allied household All household
ANDHRA PRADESH
66
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
3.74 3.78 3.75 5.32 4.76 5.27 4.85 4.58 4.84 5.38 5.30 5.37 4.74 4.34 4.69 5.40 5.40 5.49 5.73 5.53 3.48 3.33 3.34 5.17 5.50 5.17 5.07 5.97 5.40 4.82 5.04 4.85 5.00 4.49 4.95 4.08 4.50 4.17 4.31 4.69 4.57 4.82 5.78 5.50
2.94 3.16 3.02 4.54 4.38 4.52 4.16 3.98 4.15 4.90 5.09 4.94 3.30 3.88 3.43 4.63 4.63 4.68 5.05 4.82 4.13 4.14 4.14 4.62 5.00 4.62 6.05 5.66 5.94 4.76 4.74 4.76 4.43 4.09 4.40 3.96 4.38 4.14 3.74 4.46 4.27 4.24 5.14 4.99
3.53 3.65 3.57 5.10 4.57 5.05 4.79 4.55 4.79 5.11 5.16 5.12 4.52 4.22 4.48 5.16 5.16 5.38 5.53 5.41 3.60 3.46 3.47 5.09 5.44 5.09 5.70 5.80 5.73 4.80 4.93 4.81 4.88 4.42 4.83 4.07 4.47 4.17 4.14 4.61 4.47 4.74 5.62 5.38
TABLE 3.10 (CONTD...) AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE (2009-10)
State
Location
Weaver household
5.12 5.03 5.11 4.72 4.72 5.55 5.53 5.54 5.27 5.09 5.27 4.81 5.15 4.82 3.93 3.98 3.95 4.58 5.35 4.85 5.63 5.49 5.57 5.38 5.38 3.57 3.64 3.60 4.19 4.00 4.19 5.38 5.56 5.45 5.18 4.99 5.09 4.30 4.09 4.26 4.71 4.34 4.66
Allied household
5.08 4.92 4.98 3.74 3.74 5.42 5.24 5.36 4.78 4.92 4.78 4.20 4.85 4.27 3.59 3.86 3.68 4.83 5.55 5.09 5.58 5.32 5.53 4.29 4.29 2.88 3.00 2.93 4.06 4.05 4.06 4.77 4.88 4.82 5.05 4.65 4.96 4.13 3.79 4.09 4.20 4.06 4.17
All household
5.12 5.03 5.11 4.70 4.70 5.55 5.52 5.54 5.07 5.07 5.07 4.72 5.01 4.73 3.88 3.96 3.90 4.74 5.48 5.01 5.59 5.39 5.53 5.39 5.39 3.47 3.56 3.51 4.19 4.07 4.19 5.25 5.38 5.31 5.11 4.88 5.03 4.26 4.02 4.22 4.63 4.29 4.59
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
67
TABLE 4.1 NUMBER OF TOTAL HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE GROUP (2009-10)

State Location Total workforce (All ages) < 18 years 18 years & above
ANDHRA PRADESH
68
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
221,625 134,213 355,838 30,252 2,789 33,041 1,616,902 26,551 1,643,453 36,564 6,828 43,392 7,280 911 8,191 2,738 2,738 8,941 2,068 11,009 550 7,417 7,967 13,428 30 13,458 22,117 11,092 33,209 18,494 2,666 21,160 80,222 9,034 89,256 11,380 3,299 14,679 4,542 10,219 14,761 1,015 2,403 3,418
32,191 17,182 49,373 3,248 227 3,475 157,762 1,827 159,589 5,222 445 5,667 3,084 216 3,300 221 221 1,092 421 1,513 9 94 103 5,710 18 5,728 8,148 4,312 12,460 2,649 70 2,719 10,536 1,871 12,407 125 36 161 628 952 1,580 19 66 85
189,434 117,031 306,465 27,004 2,562 29,566 1,459,140 24,724 1,483,864 31,342 6,383 37,725 4,196 695 4,891 2,517 2,517 7,849 1,647 9,496 541 7,323 7,864 7,718 12 7,730 13,969 6,780 20,749 15,845 2,596 18,441 69,686 7,163 76,849 11,255 3,263 14,518 3,914 9,267 13,181 996 2,337 3,333
TABLE 4.1 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF TOTAL HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE GROUP (2009-10)
State
Location
Total workforce (All ages)

184,088 34,665 218,753 13,612 13,612 33,591 9,937 43,528 65,884 606 66,490 110,151 3,955 114,106 1,899 904 2,803 1,718 918 2,636 21,877 10,081 31,958 568 568 203,483 148,838 352,321 136,106 1,071 137,177 136,462 121,321 257,783 9,783 5,685 15,468 640,622 138,481 779,103 3,633,156 698,720 4,331,876
< 18 years
18 years & above

172,308 32,011 204,319 12,925 12,925 32,361 8,828 41,189 64,720 583 65,303 99,458 3,700 103,158 1,804 902 2,706 1,643 875 2,518 20,598 9,504 30,102 551 551 185,550 132,962 318,512 130,778 964 131,742 114,994 102,021 217,015 9,170 5,430 14,600 542,476 122,530 665,006 3,232,225 614,610 3,846,835
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
11,780 2,654 14,434 687 687 1,230 1,109 2,339 1,164 23 1,187 10,693 255 10,948 95 2 97 75 43 118 1,279 577 1,856 17 17 17,933 15,876 33,809 5,328 107 5,435 21,468 19,300 40,768 613 255 868 98,146 15,951 114,097 400,931 84,110 485,041
69
TABLE 4.2 TOTAL WORKFORCE BY TYPE OF HANDLOOM WORKERS (2009-10)

State Location Number of adult weavers Number of adult allied workers Total adult workers
ANDHRA PRADESH
70
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
106,491 75,015 181,506 23,782 2,090 25,872 1,378,817 22,583 1,401,400 10,549 1,204 11,753 2,109 320 2,429 1,470 1,470 3,438 750 4,188 378 5,346 5,724 6,566 10 6,576 4,365 2,984 7,349 8,718 1,253 9,971 35,894 4,038 39,932 9,048 2,126 11,174 2,345 4,940 7,285 568 1,379 1,947
82,943 42,016 124,959 3,222 472 3,694 80,323 2,141 82,464 20,793 5,179 25,972 2,087 375 2,462 1,047 1,047 4,411 897 5,308 163 1,977 2,140 1,152 2 1,154 9,604 3,796 13,400 7,127 1,343 8,470 33,792 3,125 36,917 2,207 1,137 3,344 1,569 4,327 5,896 428 958 1,386
189,434 117,031 306,465 27,004 2,562 29,566 1,459,140 24,724 1,483,864 31,342 6,383 37,725 4,196 695 4,891 2,517 2,517 7,849 1,647 9,496 541 7,323 7,864 7,718 12 7,730 13,969 6,780 20,749 15,845 2,596 18,441 69,686 7,163 76,849 11,255 3,263 14,518 3,914 9,267 13,181 996 2,337 3,333
TABLE 4.2 (CONTD...) TOTAL WORKFORCE BY TYPE OF HANDLOOM WORKERS (2009-10)
State
Location
Number of adult weavers

169,878 30,729 200,607 12,617 12,617 31,801 8,479 40,280 45,464 411 45,875 47,743 1,279 49,022 1,313 637 1,950 642 284 926 4,539 3,943 8,482 541 541 133,480 94,888 228,368 129,286 890 130,176 67,121 49,501 116,622 3,467 2,754 6,221 281,161 67,356 348,517 2,522,121 386,659 2,908,780
Number of adult allied workers

2,430 1,282 3,712 308 308 560 349 909 19,256 172 19,428 51,715 2,421 54,136 491 265 756 1,001 591 1,592 16,059 5,561 21,620 10 10 52,070 38,074 90,144 1,492 74 1,566 47,873 52,520 100,393 5,703 2,676 8,379 261,315 55,174 316,489 710,104 227,951 938,055
Total adult workers

172,308 32,011 204,319 12,925 12,925 32,361 8,828 41,189 64,720 583 65,303 99,458 3,700 103,158 1,804 902 2,706 1,643 875 2,518 20,598 9,504 30,102 551 551 185,550 132,962 318,512 130,778 964 131,742 114,994 102,021 217,015 9,170 5,430 14,600 542,476 122,530 665,006 3,232,225 614,610 3,846,835
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
71
TABLE 4.3 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY GENDER (2009-10)
Total adult workers Female State Location Male Male Total Adult weavers Female Male Total Adult allied workers Female Total
82,943 42,016 124,959 3,222 472 3,694 80,323 2,141 82,464 20,793 5,179 25,972 2,087 375 2,462 1,047 1,047 4,411 897 5,308 163 1,977 2,140 1,152 2 1,154 9,604 3,796 13,400 7,127 1,343 8,470 33,792 3,125 36,917 2,207 1,137 3,344 1,569 4,327 5,896 428 958 1,386
ANDHRA PRADESH
72
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
92,913 96,521 189,434 56,983 60,048 117,031 149,896 156,569 306,465 255 26,749 27,004 36 2,526 2,562 291 29,275 29,566 15,253 1,443,887 1,459,140 158 24,566 24,724 15,411 1,468,453 1,483,864 12,470 18,872 31,342 2,527 3,856 6,383 14,997 22,728 37,725 2,309 1,887 4,196 364 331 695 2,673 2,218 4,891 1,541 976 2,517 1,541 976 2,517 3,750 4,099 7,849 693 954 1,647 4,443 5,053 9,496 415 126 541 5,824 1,499 7,323 6,239 1,625 7,864 2,421 5,297 7,718 3 9 12 2,424 5,306 7,730 2,771 11,198 13,969 3,005 3,775 6,780 5,776 14,973 20,749 9,008 6,837 15,845 1,352 1,244 2,596 10,360 8,081 18,441 31,812 37,874 69,686 3,565 3,598 7,163 35,377 41,472 76,849 2,742 8,513 11,255 990 2,273 3,263 3,732 10,786 14,518 1,733 2,181 3,914 4,252 5,015 9,267 5,985 7,196 13,181 555 441 996 1,295 1,042 2,337 1,850 1,483 3,333
78,089 28,402 106,491 50,657 24,358 75,015 128,746 52,760 181,506 184 23,598 23,782 26 2,064 2,090 210 25,662 25,872 12,641 1,366,176 1,378,817 122 22,461 22,583 12,763 1,388,637 1,401,400 8,202 2,347 10,549 1,078 126 1,204 9,280 2,473 11,753 1,939 170 2,109 272 48 320 2,211 218 2,429 1,338 132 1,470 1,338 132 1,470 2,756 682 3,438 462 288 750 3,218 970 4,188 371 7 378 5,326 20 5,346 5,697 27 5,724 2,001 4,565 6,566 3 7 10 2,004 4,572 6,576 2,466 1,899 4,365 2,757 227 2,984 5,223 2,126 7,349 6,976 1,742 8,718 1,040 213 1,253 8,016 1,955 9,971 27,887 8,007 35,894 3,262 776 4,038 31,149 8,783 39,932 2,525 6,523 9,048 829 1,297 2,126 3,354 7,820 11,174 1,532 813 2,345 3,919 1,021 4,940 5,451 1,834 7,285 521 47 568 1,168 211 1,379 1,689 258 1,947
14,824 6,326 21,150 71 10 81 2,612 36 2,648 4,268 1,449 5,717 370 92 462 203 203 994 231 1,225 44 498 542 420 0 420 305 248 553 2,032 312 2,344 3,925 303 4,228 217 161 378 201 333 534 34 127 161
68,119 35,690 103,809 3,151 462 3,613 77,711 2,105 79,816 16,525 3,730 20,255 1,717 283 2,000 844 844 3,417 666 4,083 119 1,479 1,598 732 2 734 9,299 3,548 12,847 5,095 1,031 6,126 29,867 2,822 32,689 1,990 976 2,966 1,368 3,994 5,362 394 831 1,225
TABLE 4.3 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY GENDER (2009-10)
Total adult workers Female State Location Male Male Total Adult weavers Female Male Total Adult allied workers Female Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,261 171,047 172,308 1,192 168,686 169,878 69 316 31,695 32,011 304 30,425 30,729 12 1,577 202,742 204,319 1,496 199,111 200,607 81 97 12,828 12,925 83 12,534 12,617 14 97 12,828 12,925 83 12,534 12,617 14 1,487 30,874 32,361 1,422 30,379 31,801 65 448 8,380 8,828 345 8,134 8,479 103 1,935 39,254 41,189 1,767 38,513 40,280 168 7,879 56,841 64,720 1,352 44,112 45,464 6,527 2 581 583 1 410 411 1 7,881 57,422 65,303 1,353 44,522 45,875 6,528 49,500 49,958 99,458 40,517 7,226 47,743 8,983 1,654 2,046 3,700 949 330 1,279 705 51,154 52,004 103,158 41,466 7,556 49,022 9,688 775 1,029 1,804 735 578 1,313 40 347 555 902 321 316 637 26 1,122 1,584 2,706 1,056 894 1,950 66 943 700 1,643 394 248 642 549 608 267 875 190 94 284 418 1,551 967 2,518 584 342 926 967 3,942 16,656 20,598 3,033 1,506 4,539 909 1,803 7,701 9,504 1,087 2,856 3,943 716 5,745 24,357 30,102 4,120 4,362 8,482 1,625 16 535 551 14 527 541 2 16 535 551 14 527 541 2 85,692 99,858 185,550 77,971 55,509 133,480 7,721 63,681 69,281 132,962 58,381 36,507 94,888 5,300 149,373 169,139 318,512 136,352 92,016 228,368 13,021 1,485 129,293 130,778 1,310 127,976 129,286 175 88 876 964 75 815 890 13 1,573 130,169 131,742 1,385 128,791 130,176 188 54,986 60,008 114,994 48,290 18,831 67,121 6,696 54,354 47,667 102,021 42,923 6,578 49,501 11,431 109,340 107,675 217,015 91,213 25,409 116,622 18,127 3,990 5,180 9,170 2,045 1,422 3,467 1,945 2,425 3,005 5,430 2,075 679 2,754 350 6,415 8,185 14,600 4,120 2,101 6,221 2,295 197,711 344,765 542,476 158,608 122,553 281,161 39,103 51,988 70,542 122,530 41,792 25,564 67,356 10,196 249,699 415,307 665,006 200,400 148,117 348,517 49,299 588,171 2,644,054 3,232,225 485,056 2,037,065 2,522,121 103,115 260,302 354,308 614,610 220,702 165,957 386,659 39,600 848,473 2,998,362 3,846,835 705,758 2,203,022 2,908,780 142,715
2,361 2,430 1,270 1,282 3,631 3,712 294 308 294 308 495 560 246 349 741 909 12,729 19,256 171 172 12,900 19,428 42,732 51,715 1,716 2,421 44,448 54,136 451 491 239 265 690 756 452 1,001 173 591 625 1,592 15,150 16,059 4,845 5,561 19,995 21,620 8 10 8 10 44,349 52,070 32,774 38,074 77,123 90,144 1,317 1,492 61 74 1,378 1,566 41,177 47,873 41,089 52,520 82,266 100,393 3,758 5,703 2,326 2,676 6,084 8,379 222,212 261,315 44,978 55,174 267,190 316,489 606,989 710,104 188,351 227,951 795,340 938,055
73
TABLE 4.4 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State Location Scheduled castes (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total workers
ANDHRA PRADESH
74
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
1,772 825 2,597 841 93 934 125,298 3,952 129,250 1,238 247 1,485 1,109 74 1,183 1,253 1,253 7,433 1,187 8,620 34 1,115 1,149 2,127 0 2,127 1,423 107 1,530 51 107 158 1,067 115 1,182 498 134 632 1,984 2,008 3,992 254 175 429
888 681 1,569 23,315 1,937 25,252 363,081 2,147 365,228 684 101 785 100 11 111 17 17 37 384 421 9 285 294 354 1 355 266 6 272 71 128 199 1,570 77 1,647 23 3 26 231 237 468 280 332 612
177,540 103,692 281,232 1,365 155 1,520 595,562 9,072 604,634 27,741 5,909 33,650 2,984 609 3,593 1,105 1,105 200 26 226 426 5,180 5,606 1,139 7 1,146 788 87 875 15,653 2,317 17,970 61,337 6,122 67,459 9,695 2,950 12,645 1,488 6,000 7,488 330 941 1,271
9,234 11,833 21,067 1,483 377 1,860 375,199 9,553 384,752 1,679 126 1,805 3 1 4 142 142 179 50 229 72 743 815 4,098 4 4,102 11,492 6,580 18,072 70 44 114 5,712 849 6,561 1,039 176 1,215 211 1,022 1,233 132 889 1,021
189,434 117,031 306,465 27,004 2,562 29,566 1,459,140 24,724 1,483,864 31,342 6,383 37,725 4,196 695 4,891 2,517 2,517 7,849 1,647 9,496 541 7,323 7,864 7,718 12 7,730 13,969 6,780 20,749 15,845 2,596 18,441 69,686 7,163 76,849 11,255 3,263 14,518 3,914 9,267 13,181 996 2,337 3,333
TABLE 4.4 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State
Location
Scheduled castes (SCs)

6,421 2,701 9,122 352 352 68 4 72 359 3 362 13,086 41 13,127 5 0 5 490 675 1,165 11,665 3,096 14,761 38 38 4,831 1,254 6,085 1,200 179 1,379 9,171 7,323 16,494 1,825 218 2,043 137,354 31,553 168,907 331,994 58,439 390,433

43,545 466 44,011 12,482 12,482 31,764 8,420 40,184 63,911 579 64,490 2,887 67 2,954 0 0 0 436 1 437 209 58 267 317 317 3,451 742 4,193 122,212 460 122,672 1,446 510 1,956 1,064 199 1,263 3,532 918 4,450 678,165 18,767 696,932

45,451 9,295 54,746 77 77 197 9 206 161 0 161 82,600 3,572 86,172 1,795 902 2,697 622 173 795 5,321 5,185 10,506 119 119 149,630 105,878 255,508 6,445 231 6,676 94,547 86,142 180,689 5,729 4,862 10,591 70,413 17,767 88,180 1,359,355 378,188 1,737,543
Others
Total workers
172,308 32,011 204,319 12,925 12,925 32,361 8,828 41,189 64,720 583 65,303 99,458 3,700 103,158 1,804 902 2,706 1,643 875 2,518 20,598 9,504 30,102 551 551 185,550 132,962 318,512 130,778 964 131,742 114,994 102,021 217,015 9,170 5,430 14,600 542,476 122,530 665,006 3,232,225 614,610 3,846,835
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
76,891 19,549 96,440 14 14 332 395 727 289 1 290 885 20 905 4 0 4 95 26 121 3,403 1,165 4,568 77 77 27,638 25,088 52,726 921 94 1,015 9,830 8,046 17,876 552 151 703 331,177 72,292 403,469 862,711 159,216 1,021,927
75
TABLE 4.5 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKERS ENGAGED IN WEAVING ACTIVITIES BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State Location Scheduled castes (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total weavers
ANDHRA PRADESH
76
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
1,099 544 1,643 756 72 828 116,961 3,484 120,445 371 78 449 530 57 587 645 645 3,188 409 3,597 23 806 829 1,859 0 1,859 1,299 55 1,354 33 73 106 724 87 811 416 110 526 1,158 1,056 2,214 144 74 218
538 501 1,039 20,772 1,669 22,441 349,919 2,073 351,992 290 54 344 69 8 77 13 13 22 287 309 8 206 214 317 0 317 262 6 268 60 49 109 832 55 887 18 2 20 178 149 327 149 198 347
98,209 65,903 164,112 1,186 90 1,276 564,325 8,541 572,866 9,153 1,036 10,189 1,507 254 1,761 702 702 107 19 126 304 3,831 4,135 1,077 7 1,084 160 23 183 8,562 1,109 9,671 31,524 3,515 35,039 7,739 1,886 9,625 898 3,183 4,081 192 569 761
6,645 8,067 14,712 1,068 259 1,327 347,612 8,485 356,097 735 36 771 3 1 4 110 110 121 35 156 43 503 546 3,313 3 3,316 2,644 2,900 5,544 63 22 85 2,814 381 3,195 875 128 1,003 111 552 663 83 538 621
106,491 75,015 181,506 23,782 2,090 25,872 1,378,817 22,583 1,401,400 10,549 1,204 11,753 2,109 320 2,429 1,470 1,470 3,438 750 4,188 378 5,346 5,724 6,566 10 6,576 4,365 2,984 7,349 8,718 1,253 9,971 35,894 4,038 39,932 9,048 2,126 11,174 2,345 4,940 7,285 568 1,379 1,947
TABLE 4.5 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKERS ENGAGED IN WEAVING ACTIVITIES BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State
Location

6,393 2,670 9,063 344 344 67 4 71 263 3 266 5,887 27 5,914 2 0 2 75 261 336 3,381 397 3,778 38 38 3,785 839 4,624 1,120 157 1,277 4,994 4,087 9,081 596 107 703 87,597 17,697 105,294 243,103 33,799 276,902

43,206 462 43,668 12,185 12,185 31,206 8,073 39,279 44,966 407 45,373 1,315 13 1,328 0 0 0 47 0 47 67 16 83 314 314 2,787 506 3,293 121,618 460 122,078 602 231 833 373 127 500 2,219 483 2,702 634,339 16,048 650,387

44,637 9,102 53,739 74 74 197 9 206 76 0 76 40,083 1,225 41,308 1,308 637 1,945 501 23 524 912 3,407 4,319 114 114 106,121 74,941 181,062 5,746 211 5,957 56,355 41,645 98,000 2,331 2,467 4,798 40,164 8,931 49,095 1,023,562 233,266 1,256,828
Others
Total weavers
169,878 30,729 200,607 12,617 12,617 31,801 8,479 40,280 45,464 411 45,875 47,743 1,279 49,022 1,313 637 1,950 642 284 926 4,539 3,943 8,482 541 541 133,480 94,888 228,368 129,286 890 130,176 67,121 49,501 116,622 3,467 2,754 6,221 281,161 67,356 348,517 2,522,121 386,659 2,908,780
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
75,642 18,495 94,137 14 14 331 393 724 159 1 160 458 14 472 3 0 3 19 0 19 179 123 302 75 75 20,787 18,602 39,389 802 62 864 5,170 3,538 8,708 167 53 220 151,181 40,245 191,426 621,117 103,546 724,663
77
TABLE 4.6 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKERS ENGAGED IN ALLIED ACTIVITIES BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State Location Scheduled castes (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward castes (OBCs) Others Total workers
ANDHRA PRADESH
78
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
673 281 954 85 21 106 8,337 468 8,805 867 169 1,036 579 17 596 608 608 4,245 778 5,023 11 309 320 268 0 268 124 52 176 18 34 52 343 28 371 82 24 106 826 952 1,778 110 101 211
350 180 530 2,543 268 2,811 13,162 74 13,236 394 47 441 31 3 34 4 4 15 97 112 1 79 80 37 1 38 4 0 4 11 79 90 738 22 760 5 1 6 53 88 141 131 134 265
79,331 37,789 117,120 179 65 244 31,237 531 31,768 18,588 4,873 23,461 1,477 355 1,832 403 403 93 7 100 122 1,349 1,471 62 0 62 628 64 692 7,091 1,208 8,299 29,813 2,607 32,420 1,956 1,064 3,020 590 2,817 3,407 138 372 510
2,589 3,766 6,355 415 118 533 27,587 1,068 28,655 944 90 1,034 0 0 0 32 32 58 15 73 29 240 269 785 1 786 8,848 3,680 12,528 7 22 29 2,898 468 3,366 164 48 212 100 470 570 49 351 400
82,943 42,016 124,959 3,222 472 3,694 80,323 2,141 82,464 20,793 5,179 25,972 2,087 375 2,462 1,047 1,047 4,411 897 5,308 163 1,977 2,140 1,152 2 1,154 9,604 3,796 13,400 7,127 1,343 8,470 33,792 3,125 36,917 2,207 1,137 3,344 1,569 4,327 5,896 428 958 1,386
TABLE 4.6 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKERS ENGAGED IN ALLIED ACTIVITIES BY SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State
Location

28 31 59 8 8 1 0 1 96 0 96 7,199 14 7,213 3 0 3 415 414 829 8,284 2,699 10,983 0 0 1,046 415 1,461 80 22 102 4,177 3,236 7,413 1,229 111 1,340 49,757 13,856 63,613 88,891 24,640 113,531

339 4 343 297 297 558 347 905 18,945 172 19,117 1,572 54 1,626 0 0 0 389 1 390 142 42 184 3 3 664 236 900 594 0 594 844 279 1,123 691 72 763 1,313 435 1,748 43,826 2,719 46,545

814 193 1,007 3 3 0 0 0 85 0 85 42,517 2,347 44,864 487 265 752 121 150 271 4,409 1,778 6,187 5 5 43,509 30,937 74,446 699 20 719 38,192 44,497 82,689 3,398 2,395 5,793 30,249 8,836 39,085 335,793 144,922 480,715
Others
Total workers
2,430 1,282 3,712 308 308 560 349 909 19,256 172 19,428 51,715 2,421 54,136 491 265 756 1,001 591 1,592 16,059 5,561 21,620 10 10 52,070 38,074 90,144 1,492 74 1,566 47,873 52,520 100,393 5,703 2,676 8,379 261,315 55,174 316,489 710,104 227,951 938,055
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,249 1,054 2,303 0 0 1 2 3 130 0 130 427 6 433 1 0 1 76 26 102 3,224 1,042 4,266 2 2 6,851 6,486 13,337 119 32 151 4,660 4,508 9,168 385 98 483 179,996 32,047 212,043 241,594 55,670 297,264
79
TABLE 4.7 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY EDUCATION LEVEL (2009-10)
State Location Never attended school
82,985 46,527 129,512 9,706 375 10,081 304,040 2,744 306,784 18,265 2,126 20,391 1,162 162 1,324 1,411 1,411 2,457 386 2,843 348 4,283 4,631 1,661 2 1,663 8,302 3,344 11,646 9,613 1,934 11,547 27,713 2,298 30,011 618 91 709 1,957 2,981 4,938 185 591 776
Below primary
Primary
Middle
High Higher Graduate school/ secondary & secondary above

22,902 19,312 42,214 1,824 316 2,140 187,908 4,174 192,082 1,438 524 1,962 281 62 343 161 161 767 229 996 20 453 473 1,142 3 1,145 1,393 745 2,138 583 96 679 8,525 1,022 9,547 2,345 1,059 3,404 205 591 796 159 378 537 6,952 4,332 11,284 938 278 1,216 104,226 2,728 106,954 699 109 808 218 56 274 51 51 412 95 507 5 101 106 606 3 609 833 460 1,293 297 60 357 3,221 330 3,551 311 73 384 86 423 509 41 110 151 3,123 2,155 5,278 337 103 440 29,883 1,262 31,145 366 95 461 68 22 90 16 16 229 43 272 0 23 23 97 0 97 145 164 309 198 26 224 912 103 1,015 97 22 119 42 232 274 26 45 71
Others
Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
80
BIHAR
CHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
21,572 10,430 32,002 3,050 211 3,261 131,755 2,066 133,821 5,895 887 6,782 1,230 102 1,332 229 229 1,151 246 1,397 70 686 756 1,113 0 1,113 403 237 640 2,838 244 3,082 10,571 1,141 11,712 1,092 179 1,271 659 1,623 2,282 142 257 399
26,350 15,206 41,556 4,983 568 5,551 204,816 3,376 208,192 2,299 1,301 3,600 828 172 1,000 373 373 1,732 386 2,118 47 854 901 1,718 0 1,718 969 463 1,432 1,400 109 1,509 11,397 1,316 12,713 2,411 582 2,993 570 1,856 2,426 181 441 622
25,439 19,025 44,464 6,157 709 6,866 496,000 8,358 504,358 2,051 1,283 3,334 409 119 528 276 276 1,084 257 1,341 51 919 970 1,195 4 1,199 1,894 1,355 3,249 893 122 1,015 7,130 944 8,074 4,378 1,255 5,633 395 1,555 1,950 262 508 770
111 189,434 44 117,031 155 306,465 9 27,004 2 2,562 11 29,566 512 1,459,140 16 24,724 528 1,483,864 329 31,342 58 6,383 387 37,725 0 4,196 0 695 0 4,891 0 2,517 0 2,517 17 7,849 5 1,647 22 9,496 0 541 4 7,323 4 7,864 186 7,718 0 12 186 7,730 30 13,969 12 6,780 42 20,749 23 15,845 5 2,596 28 18,441 217 69,686 9 7,163 226 76,849 3 11,255 2 3,263 5 14,518 0 3,914 6 9,267 6 13,181 0 996 7 2,337 7 3,333
TABLE 4.7 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY EDUCATION LEVEL (2009-10)
State Location Never attended school Below primary Primary Middle High Higher Graduate school/ secondary & secondary above
29,482 6,507 35,989 860 860 2,739 1,085 3,824 9,066 265 9,331 6,914 278 7,192 284 120 404 86 83 169 427 266 693 43 43 17,962 13,563 31,525 4,713 101 4,814 2,595 4,074 6,669 607 302 909 23,223 7,578 30,801 328,493 63,347 391,840 14,293 3,833 18,126 199 199 431 206 637 1,701 51 1,752 2,066 94 2,160 83 33 116 71 54 125 161 114 275 10 10 6,122 4,572 10,694 1,103 61 1,164 1,378 2,037 3,415 388 145 533 8,418 3,498 11,916 155,269 23,907 179,176 6,342 2,329 8,671 25 25 93 95 188 494 23 517 1,088 71 1,159 54 25 79 15 5 20 135 113 248 2 2 3,368 2,855 6,223 300 28 328 755 1,161 1,916 260 115 375 3,732 1,736 5,468 52,186 12,867 65,053
Others
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTRAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
Rural 29,389 Urban 4,793 Total 34,182 Rural 6,190 Urban Total 6,190 Rural 3,493 Urban 555 Total 4,048 Rural 8,594 Urban 26 Total 8,620 Rural 25,056 Urban 906 Total 25,962 Rural 320 Urban 171 Total 491 Rural 548 Urban 365 Total 913 Rural 15,724 Urban 5,692 Total 21,416 Rural 30 Urban Total 30 Rural 42,978 Urban 28,728 Total 71,706 Rural 35,278 Urban 66 Total 35,344 Rural 74,342 Urban 56,221 Total 130,563 Rural 4,844 Urban 2,967 Total 7,811 Rural 215,526 Urban 29,376 Total 244,902 Rural 931,324 Urban 199,121 Total 1,130,445
11,926 1,524 13,450 1,745 1,745 5,520 1,511 7,031 5,070 1 5,071 26,244 885 27,129 154 99 253 236 84 320 1,737 1,679 3,416 102 102 29,184 20,397 49,581 35,159 141 35,300 19,123 17,788 36,911 927 848 1,775 84,293 21,259 105,552 402,961 84,754 487,715
24,693 3,103 27,796 1,866 1,866 10,728 2,613 13,341 13,890 49 13,939 18,180 798 18,978 410 223 633 411 145 556 1,492 956 2,448 176 176 51,759 38,322 90,081 29,329 226 29,555 11,280 12,630 23,910 1,085 540 1,625 149,365 40,636 190,001 574,365 127,244 701,609
54,425 9,654 64,079 2,039 2,039 9,342 2,757 12,099 25,834 168 26,002 19,899 665 20,564 486 229 715 275 137 412 905 675 1,580 188 188 33,534 23,945 57,479 24,884 337 25,221 4,700 6,119 10,819 980 497 1,477 57,466 18,376 75,842 782,295 100,248 882,543
1,758 172,308 268 32,011 2,026 204,319 1 12,925 1 12,925 15 32,361 6 8,828 21 41,189 71 64,720 0 583 71 65,303 11 99,458 3 3,700 14 103,158 13 1,804 2 902 15 2,706 1 1,643 2 875 3 2,518 17 20,598 9 9,504 26 30,102 0 551 0 551 643 185,550 580 132,962 1,223 318,512 12 130,778 4 964 16 131,742 821 114,994 1,991 102,021 2,812 217,015 79 9,170 16 5,430 95 14,600 453 542,476 71 122,530 524 665,006 5,332 3,232,225 3,122 614,610 8,454 3,846,835
81
TABLE 4.8 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS (2009-10)
State Location Independent Under master weavers
136,396 90,019 226,415 68 11 79 18,109 81 18,190 21,505 5,050 26,555 1,437 150 1,587 913 913 4,628 1,048 5,676 12 28 40 374 2 376 1,350 1,027 2,377 4,618 1,053 5,671 10,976 1,245 12,221 1,478 144 1,622 2,218 7,614 9,832 111 378 489
Under SHDC
Under KVIC
Under co-operative society

21,785 2,260 24,045 2 1 3 2,627 80 2,707 355 56 411 2,014 215 2,229 860 860 338 78 416 38 178 216 129 0 129 0 2 2 6,261 20 6,281 9,080 325 9,405 6,075 2,380 8,455 401 504 905 78 475 553
Under private owners

1,984 1,551 3,535 289 33 322 35,185 425 35,610 560 421 981 8 0 8 83 83 528 161 689 473 7,037 7,510 16 0 16 1 0 1 117 0 117 5,235 1,120 6,355 1,414 126 1,540 15 3 18 292 589 881
Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
82
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
28,425 23,140 51,565 26,644 2,515 29,159 1,402,776 24,131 1,426,907 8,256 779 9,035 722 329 1,051 658 658 1,801 222 2,023 17 80 97 7,198 10 7,208 12,568 5,746 18,314 4,519 1,522 6,041 31,911 3,001 34,912 2,125 599 2,724 1,266 1,093 2,359 468 641 1,109
698 50 748 1 2 3 302 3 305 234 76 310 9 0 9 3 3 47 6 53 1 0 1 1 0 1 16 4 20 320 1 321 10,217 1,289 11,506 52 13 65 14 52 66 42 96 138
146 11 157 0 0 0 141 4 145 432 1 433 6 1 7 0 0 507 132 639 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 1 35 10 0 10 2,267 183 2,450 111 1 112 0 1 1 5 158 163
189,434 117,031 306,465 27,004 2,562 29,566 1,459,140 24,724 1,483,864 31,342 6,383 37,725 4,196 695 4,891 2,517 2,517 7,849 1,647 9,496 541 7,323 7,864 7,718 12 7,730 13,969 6,780 20,749 15,845 2,596 18,441 69,686 7,163 76,849 11,255 3,263 14,518 3,914 9,267 13,181 996 2,337 3,333
TABLE 4.8 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS (2009-10)
State
Location
Independent
Under master weavers

3,834 204 4,038 30 30 318 673 991 961 1 962 27,672 452 28,124 114 19 133 1,212 856 2,068 2,153 2,877 5,030 42 42 71,536 50,952 122,488 847 99 946 67,622 91,559 159,181 3,652 2,980 6,632 306,421 89,477 395,898 689,694 348,912 1,038,606
Under SHDC
57 3 60 10 10 3 15 18 20 0 20 25 0 25 3 0 3 29 8 37 71 18 89 292 292 1,815 1,285 3,100 55 5 60 373 577 950 31 19 50 310 89 399 15,048 3,614 18,662
Under KVIC
29 5 34 8 8 1 7 8 44 0 44 90 0 90 4 0 4 2 0 2 15,046 4,561 19,607 1 1 341 242 583 9 0 9 169 7 176 14 0 14 1,543 8 1,551 20,960 5,323 26,283
Under co-operative society

50 7 57 3 3 2 17 19 50 1 51 13,102 386 13,488 1,129 817 1,946 0 0 0 892 491 1,383 2 2 41,248 26,104 67,352 252 9 261 301 237 538 119 47 166 8,686 698 9,384 115,019 36,248 151,267
Under private owners

1,699 536 2,235 935 935 68 227 295 3,245 0 3,245 4,716 196 4,912 77 9 86 0 0 0 543 269 812 12 12 14,230 9,992 24,222 319 9 328 542 297 839 57 164 221 145,601 18,986 164,587 218,161 42,234 260,395
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
166,639 31,256 197,895 11,939 11,939 31,969 7,889 39,858 60,400 581 60,981 53,853 2,666 56,519 477 57 534 400 11 411 1,893 1,288 3,181 202 202 56,380 44,387 100,767 129,296 842 130,138 45,987 9,344 55,331 5,297 2,220 7,517 79,915 13,272 93,187 2,173,343 178,279 2,351,622
172,308 32,011 204,319 12,925 12,925 32,361 8,828 41,189 64,720 583 65,303 99,458 3,700 103,158 1,804 902 2,706 1,643 875 2,518 20,598 9,504 30,102 551 551 185,550 132,962 318,512 130,778 964 131,742 114,994 102,021 217,015 9,170 5,430 14,600 542,476 122,530 665,006 3,232,225 614,610 3,846,835
83
TABLE 4.9 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
State Location Full time Part time Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
84
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
167,875 104,949 272,824 9,591 750 10,341 701,190 13,459 714,649 20,978 3,411 24,389 3,804 618 4,422 2,398 2,398 4,879 1,158 6,037 539 7,218 7,757 1,707 4 1,711 3,986 5,201 9,187 10,619 2,226 12,845 61,525 6,316 67,841 10,948 3,188 14,136 3,556 8,361 11,917 896 2,118 3,014
21,559 12,082 33,641 17,413 1,812 19,225 757,950 11,265 769,215 10,364 2,972 13,336 392 77 469 119 119 2,970 489 3,459 2 105 107 6,011 8 6,019 9,983 1,579 11,562 5,226 370 5,596 8,161 847 9,008 307 75 382 358 906 1,264 100 219 319
189,434 117,031 306,465 27,004 2,562 29,566 1,459,140 24,724 1,483,864 31,342 6,383 37,725 4,196 695 4,891 2,517 2,517 7,849 1,647 9,496 541 7,323 7,864 7,718 12 7,730 13,969 6,780 20,749 15,845 2,596 18,441 69,686 7,163 76,849 11,255 3,263 14,518 3,914 9,267 13,181 996 2,337 3,333
TABLE 4.9 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
State
Location
Full time
Part time
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
145,647 26,870 172,517 9,383 9,383 5,341 1,520 6,861 23,749 386 24,135 74,606 2,950 77,556 1,550 823 2,373 1,414 851 2,265 14,047 7,456 21,503 268 268 154,818 112,313 267,131 7,250 261 7,511 97,882 76,775 174,657 3,979 3,097 7,076 435,545 99,732 535,277 1,977,572 494,409 2,471,981
26,661 5,141 31,802 3,542 3,542 27,020 7,308 34,328 40,971 197 41,168 24,852 750 25,602 254 79 333 229 24 253 6,551 2,048 8,599 283 283 30,732 20,649 51,381 123,528 703 124,231 17,112 25,246 42,358 5,191 2,333 7,524 106,931 22,798 129,729 1,254,653 120,201 1,374,854
172,308 32,011 204,319 12,925 12,925 32,361 8,828 41,189 64,720 583 65,303 99,458 3,700 103,158 1,804 902 2,706 1,643 875 2,518 20,598 9,504 30,102 551 551 185,550 132,962 318,512 130,778 964 131,742 114,994 102,021 217,015 9,170 5,430 14,600 542,476 122,530 665,006 3,232,225 614,610 3,846,835
85
TABLE 4.10 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WEAVERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
ANDHRA PRADESH
86
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
97,776 70,506 168,282 8,810 648 9,458 681,859 13,201 695,060 9,036 889 9,925 2,074 317 2,391 1,425 1,425 2,956 654 3,610 377 5,319 5,696 1,642 4 1,646 1,576 2,765 4,341 7,125 1,078 8,203 33,481 3,815 37,296 8,953 2,112 11,065 2,193 4,593 6,786 544 1,292 1,836
8,715 4,509 13,224 14,972 1,442 16,414 696,958 9,382 706,340 1,513 315 1,828 35 3 38 45 45 482 96 578 1 27 28 4,924 6 4,930 2,789 219 3,008 1,593 175 1,768 2,413 223 2,636 95 14 109 152 347 499 24 87 111
106,491 75,015 181,506 23,782 2,090 25,872 1,378,817 22,583 1,401,400 10,549 1,204 11,753 2,109 320 2,429 1,470 1,470 3,438 750 4,188 378 5,346 5,724 6,566 10 6,576 4,365 2,984 7,349 8,718 1,253 9,971 35,894 4,038 39,932 9,048 2,126 11,174 2,345 4,940 7,285 568 1,379 1,947
TABLE 4.10 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) HANDLOOM WEAVERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
State
Location
Full time
Part time
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
144,265 26,331 170,596 7,064 7,064 5,234 1,442 6,676 21,414 316 21,730 41,608 1,106 42,714 1,188 603 1,791 493 281 774 3,710 3,196 6,906 266 266 120,451 86,223 206,674 6,777 229 7,006 61,684 46,193 107,877 2,003 2,107 4,110 235,677 59,895 295,572 1,510,236 336,540 1,846,776
25,613 4,398 30,011 5,553 5,553 26,567 7,037 33,604 24,050 95 24,145 6,135 173 6,308 125 34 159 149 3 152 829 747 1,576 275 275 13,029 8,665 21,694 122,509 661 123,170 5,437 3,308 8,745 1,464 647 2,111 45,484 7,461 52,945 1,011,885 50,119 1,062,004
169,878 30,729 200,607 12,617 12,617 31,801 8,479 40,280 45,464 411 45,875 47,743 1,279 49,022 1,313 637 1,950 642 284 926 4,539 3,943 8,482 541 541 133,480 94,888 228,368 129,286 890 130,176 67,121 49,501 116,622 3,467 2,754 6,221 281,161 67,356 348,517 2,522,121 386,659 2,908,780
87
TABLE 4.11 NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) ALLIED WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
ANDHRA PRADESH
88
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
70,099 34,443 104,542 781 102 883 19,346 258 19,604 11,942 2,522 14,464 1,730 301 2,031 973 973 1,923 504 2,427 162 1,899 2,061 65 0 65 2,410 2,436 4,846 3,494 1,148 4,642 28,044 2,501 30,545 1,995 1,076 3,071 1,363 3,768 5,131 352 826 1,178
12,844 7,573 20,417 2,441 370 2,811 60,977 1,883 62,860 8,851 2,657 11,508 357 74 431 74 74 2,488 393 2,881 1 78 79 1,087 2 1,089 7,194 1,360 8,554 3,633 195 3,828 5,748 624 6,372 212 61 273 206 559 765 76 132 208
82,943 42,016 124,959 3,222 472 3,694 80,323 2,141 82,464 20,793 5,179 25,972 2,087 375 2,462 1,047 1,047 4,411 897 5,308 163 1,977 2,140 1,152 2 1,154 9,604 3,796 13,400 7,127 1,343 8,470 33,792 3,125 36,917 2,207 1,137 3,344 1,569 4,327 5,896 428 958 1,386
TABLE 4.11 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF ADULT (18 YEARS & ABOVE) ALLIED WORKERS BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
State
Location
Full time
Part time
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,417 544 1,961 108 108 107 78 185 2,335 70 2,405 32,998 1,844 34,842 362 220 582 921 570 1,491 10,337 4,260 14,597 2 2 34,367 26,090 60,457 473 32 505 36,211 30,582 66,793 1,976 990 2,966 199,868 39,837 239,705 465,188 157,874 623,062
1,013 738 1,751 200 200 453 271 724 16,921 102 17,023 18,717 577 19,294 129 45 174 80 21 101 5,722 1,301 7,023 8 8 17,703 11,984 29,687 1,019 42 1,061 11,662 21,938 33,600 3,727 1,686 5,413 61,447 15,337 76,784 244,916 70,077 314,993
2,430 1,282 3,712 308 308 560 349 909 19,256 172 19,428 51,715 2,421 54,136 491 265 756 1,001 591 1,592 16,059 5,561 21,620 10 10 52,070 38,074 90,144 1,492 74 1,566 47,873 52,520 100,393 5,703 2,676 8,379 261,315 55,174 316,489 710,104 227,951 938,055
89
TABLE 4.12 NUMBER OF MEN, WOMEN ENGAGED IN WEAVING ACTIVITY BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
Full time Female State Location Male Male Total Part time Female Male Total Total Female Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
90
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
73,192 48,708 121,900 80 15 95 8,525 96 8,621 7,309 833 8,142 1,910 269 2,179 1,310 1,310 2,461 423 2,884 370 5,299 5,669 796 2 798 1,398 2,624 4,022 5,501 895 6,396 25,909 3,084 28,993 2,494 822 3,316 1,470 3,723 5,193 500 1,086 1,586
24,586 21,798 46,384 8,730 633 9,363 673,352 13,105 686,457 1,727 56 1,783 164 48 212 115 115 495 231 726 7 20 27 846 2 848 178 141 319 1,624 183 1,807 7,572 731 8,303 6,459 1,290 7,749 723 870 1,593 44 206 250
97,778 70,506 168,284 8,810 648 9,458 681,877 13,201 695,078 9,036 889 9,925 2,074 317 2,391 1,425 1,425 2,956 654 3,610 377 5,319 5,696 1,642 4 1,646 1,576 2,765 4,341 7,125 1,078 8,203 33,481 3,815 37,296 8,953 2,112 11,065 2,193 4,593 6,786 544 1,292 1,836
4,899 1,949 6,848 104 11 115 4,118 26 4,144 893 245 1,138 29 3 32 28 28 295 39 334 1 27 28 1,205 1 1,206 1,068 133 1,201 1,475 145 1,620 1,978 178 2,156 31 7 38 62 196 258 21 82 103
3,816 2,560 6,376 14,868 1,431 16,299 692,840 9,356 702,196 620 70 690 6 0 6 17 17 187 57 244 0 0 0 3,719 5 3,724 1,721 86 1,807 118 30 148 435 45 480 64 7 71 90 151 241 3 5 8
8,715 78,091 28,402 106,493 4,509 50,657 24,358 75,015 13,224 128,748 52,760 181,508 14,972 184 23,598 23,782 1,442 26 2,064 2,090 16,414 210 25,662 25,872 696,958 12,643 1,366,192 1,378,835 9,382 122 22,461 22,583 706,340 12,765 1,388,653 1,401,418 1,513 8,202 2,347 10,549 315 1,078 126 1,204 1,828 9,280 2,473 11,753 35 1,939 170 2,109 3 272 48 320 38 2,211 218 2,429 45 1,338 132 1,470 45 1,338 132 1,470 482 2,756 682 3,438 96 462 288 750 578 3,218 970 4,188 1 371 7 378 27 5,326 20 5,346 28 5,697 27 5,724 4,924 2,001 4,565 6,566 6 3 7 10 4,930 2,004 4,572 6,576 2,789 2,466 1,899 4,365 219 2,757 227 2,984 3,008 5,223 2,126 7,349 1,593 6,976 1,742 8,718 175 1,040 213 1,253 1,768 8,016 1,955 9,971 2,413 27,887 8,007 35,894 223 3,262 776 4,038 2,636 31,149 8,783 39,932 95 2,525 6,523 9,048 14 829 1,297 2,126 109 3,354 7,820 11,174 152 1,532 813 2,345 347 3,919 1,021 4,940 499 5,451 1,834 7,285 24 521 47 568 87 1,168 211 1,379 111 1,689 258 1,947
TABLE 4.12 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF MEN, WOMEN ENGAGED IN WEAVING ACTIVITY BY NATURE OF ENGAGEMENT (2009-10)
Full time Female State Location Male Male Total Part time Female Male Total Total Female Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,044 143,221 144,265 242 26,089 26,331 1,286 169,310 170,596 49 7,015 7,064 49 7,015 7,064 334 4,900 5,234 247 1,195 1,442 581 6,095 6,676 379 21,035 21,414 0 316 316 379 21,351 21,730 35,938 5,670 41,608 846 260 1,106 36,784 5,930 42,714 689 499 1,188 311 292 603 1,000 791 1,791 298 195 493 187 94 281 485 289 774 2,472 1,238 3,710 901 2,295 3,196 3,373 3,533 6,906 2 264 266 2 264 266 73,708 46,743 120,451 55,489 30,734 86,223 129,197 77,477 206,674 466 6,311 6,777 51 178 229 517 6,489 7,006 45,584 16,100 61,684 40,573 5,620 46,193 86,157 21,720 107,877 1,294 709 2,003 1,631 476 2,107 2,925 1,185 4,110 133,823 101,854 235,677 38,267 21,628 59,895 172,090 123,482 295,572 427,991 1,082,245 1,510,236 207,934 128,606 336,540 635,925 1,210,851 1,846,776
148 62 210 34 34 1,088 98 1,186 973 1 974 4,579 103 4,682 46 10 56 96 3 99 561 186 747 12 12 4,263 2,892 7,155 844 24 868 2,706 2,350 5,056 751 444 1,195 24,785 3,525 28,310 57,065 12,768 69,833
25,468 25,613 1,192 168,686 169,878 4,336 4,398 304 30,425 30,729 29,801 30,011 1,496 199,111 200,607 5,519 5,553 83 12,534 12,617 5,519 5,553 83 12,534 12,617 25,479 26,567 1,422 30,379 31,801 6,939 7,037 345 8,134 8,479 32,418 33,604 1,767 38,513 40,280 23,077 24,050 1,352 44,112 45,464 94 95 1 410 411 23,171 24,145 1,353 44,522 45,875 1,556 6,135 40,517 7,226 47,743 70 173 949 330 1,279 1,626 6,308 41,466 7,556 49,022 79 125 735 578 1,313 24 34 321 316 637 103 159 1,056 894 1,950 53 149 394 248 642 0 3 190 94 284 53 152 584 342 926 268 829 3,033 1,506 4,539 561 747 1,087 2,856 3,943 829 1,576 4,120 4,362 8,482 263 275 14 527 541 263 275 14 527 541 8,766 13,029 77,971 55,509 133,480 5,773 8,665 58,381 36,507 94,888 14,539 21,694 136,352 92,016 228,368 121,665 122,509 1,310 127,976 129,286 637 661 75 815 890 122,302 123,170 1,385 128,791 130,176 2,731 5,437 48,290 18,831 67,121 958 3,308 42,923 6,578 49,501 3,689 8,745 91,213 25,409 116,622 713 1,464 2,045 1,422 3,466 203 647 2,075 679 2,754 916 2,111 4,120 2,101 6,221 20,699 45,484 158,608 122,553 281,161 3,936 7,461 41,792 25,564 67,356 24,635 52,945 200,400 148,117 348,517 954,820 1,011,885 485,056 2,037,065 2,522,121 37,351 50,119 220,702 165,957 386,659 992,171 1,062,004 705,758 2,203,022 2,908,780
91
TABLE 4.13 TOTAL AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PERSON DAYS WORKED PER YEAR (2009-10)
State Location Total days worked (W+A)
50,101,382 31,708,456 81,809,838 3,227,738 276,358 3,504,096 196,259,563 3,309,460 199,569,023 6,730,785 1,318,441 8,049,226 1,194,786 186,863 1,381,649 720,419 720,419 1,962,642 413,968 2,376,610 156,514 2,092,726 2,249,240 1,430,479 2,365 1,432,844 2,661,109 1,524,904 4,186,013 4,048,466 683,800 4,732,266 17,429,969 1,839,285 19,269,254 2,723,167 736,582 3,459,749 958,106 2,340,199 3,298,305 288,786 646,370 935,156
Average days per household

463 460 462 118 91 115 161 159 161 319 301 316 525 480 519 384 384 671 550 647 361 348 348 204 263 205 225 278 242 327 379 334 515 481 511 310 253 296 368 385 380 544 447 473
Average days per worker

264 271 267 120 108 119 135 134 134 215 207 213 285 269 282 286 286 250 251 250 289 286 286 185 197 185 191 225 202 256 263 257 250 257 251 242 226 238 245 253 250 290 277 281
Average days per weaver

272 277 274 122 111 121 136 139 136 234 217 233 291 278 289 291 291 263 266 263 290 288 288 193 202 193 203 267 229 281 267 279 257 266 258 249 232 246 247 256 253 306 289 294
Average days per allied worker

255 260 257 105 96 104 101 75 101 205 204 205 279 261 276 279 279 240 239 240 288 279 280 144 173 144 185 191 187 224 260 230 243 244 243 214 213 214 242 248 247 269 258 261
ANDHRA PRADESH
92
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
TABLE 4.13 (CONTD...) TOTAL AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PERSON DAYS WORKED PER YEAR (2009-10)
State
Location
Total days worked (W+A)

36,094,646 7,011,327 43,105,973 1,526,323 1,526,323 3,754,895 1,063,440 4,818,335 10,793,572 104,550 10,898,122 23,356,261 868,992 24,225,253 409,243 227,417 636,660 393,864 220,301 614,165 4,291,482 2,171,636 6,463,118 84,293 84,293 47,116,619 33,678,628 80,795,247 12,259,190 138,851 12,398,041 29,472,741 26,406,984 55,879,725 2,007,771 1,267,556 3,275,327 123,725,593 29,822,891 153,548,484 584,459,985 150,782,769 735,242,754
Average days per household

239 252 241 134 134 119 132 122 179 198 179 595 614 595 353 382 363 259 257 258 256 368 285 148 148 417 443 427 102 159 103 468 555 506 292 339 309 358 489 377 241 416 264
Average days per worker

209 219 211 118 118 116 120 117 167 179 167 235 235 235 227 252 235 240 252 244 208 228 215 153 153 254 253 254 94 144 94 256 259 257 219 233 224 228 243 231 181 245 191
Average days per weaver

210 220 211 119 119 116 120 117 182 175 182 250 245 249 228 255 237 235 246 239 223 243 232 155 155 259 259 259 93 140 94 261 266 263 234 250 241 239 250 241 173 248 183
Average days per allied worker

190 188 189 89 89 114 122 117 131 190 132 221 230 222 223 246 231 242 254 247 204 218 208 69 69 241 240 240 135 188 137 249 252 251 210 217 212 217 236 220 210 241 217
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
93
TABLE 4.14 AVERAGE NUMBER OF DAYS WORKED BY ADULT WORKERS ACROSS SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State Location All Schedule caste (SCs) Schedule tribes (STs) Other Others backward caste (OBCs)
264 271 266 105 88 103 131 131 131 216 207 214 291 267 287 285 285 262 308 267 288 285 285 295 200 294 195 227 198 255 260 256 251 261 252 241 226 237 239 260 256 303 275 282 276 269 272 107 125 110 141 132 141 220 226 220 300 240 285 294 294 247 266 251 296 288 289 158 205 158 194 225 206 321 280 305 245 226 242 253 226 249 243 266 262 304 280 284
ANDHRA PRADESH
94
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
264 271 267 120 108 119 135 134 134 215 207 213 285 269 282 286 286 250 251 250 289 286 286 185 197 185 191 225 202 256 263 257 250 257 251 242 226 238 245 253 250 290 277 281
275 268 273 133 113 131 136 133 136 186 192 187 267 283 268 286 286 250 256 251 295 284 285 175 175 161 207 165 206 279 255 244 255 245 239 223 236 252 225 238 296 265 283
276 261 269 121 106 120 132 153 132 216 216 216 289 284 288 295 295 257 231 234 296 294 294 213 145 213 168 147 167 274 301 292 244 272 245 220 183 215 222 237 230 262 276 270
TABLE 4.14 (CONTD...) AVERAGE NUMBER OF DAYS WORKED BY ADULT WORKERS ACROSS SOCIAL GROUPS (2009-10)
State
Location
All
Schedule caste (SCs)

206 228 213 119 119 117 238 124 192 152 192 238 263 238 247 247 246 252 250 209 224 212 185 185 260 252 259 130 204 139 250 245 248 217 265 222 221 240 224 190 234 197
Schedule tribes (STs)

183 187 183 118 118 116 114 115 167 180 167 238 253 239 247 255 247 217 225 219 140 140 255 265 257 91 88 91 233 226 231 241 288 249 240 263 245 133 157 133
Other Others backward caste (OBCs)

231 224 229 159 159 140 290 147 141 141 234 234 234 227 252 235 229 250 233 213 238 225 161 161 255 254 254 130 182 132 258 261 259 216 229 222 241 246 242 197 255 210 212 216 213 134 134 125 263 200 154 90 154 236 213 235 200 200 248 248 248 197 200 197 178 178 249 252 250 132 212 139 250 248 249 210 270 223 228 244 231 189 236 196
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
209 219 211 118 118 116 120 117 167 179 167 235 235 235 227 252 235 240 252 244 208 228 215 153 153 254 253 254 94 144 94 256 259 257 219 233 224 228 243 231 181 245 191
95
TABLE 4.15 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS WITH ADULT WORKERS BY NUMBER OF DAYS WORKED PER YEAR (2009-10)
State Location < 7days 7-50 days 51-100 days 101-150 days 151-200 days 201-300 days > 300 days All households
ANDHRA PRADESH
96
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
5 7 12 37 37 765 6 771 5 4 9 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 0 2 0 0 0 8 0 8 0 0 0
302 83 385 1,935 379 2,314 47,888 1,113 49,001 253 14 267 0 0 0 2 2 2 1 3 2 12 14 97 0 97 27 9 36 44 4 48 21 2 23 95 31 126 8 18 26 0 5 5
566 316 882 8,504 980 9,484 264,108 4,072 268,180 406 85 491 2 1 3 0 0 23 9 32 0 4 4 888 1 889 91 116 207 127 3 130 90 20 110 124 41 165 37 47 84 1 5 6
1,280 330 1,610 6,298 343 6,641 288,902 4,801 293,703 2,365 692 3,057 2 0 2 2 2 40 7 47 0 1 1 2,092 2 2,094 1,550 257 1,807 422 32 454 568 61 629 265 101 366 105 123 228 1 11 12
5,438 3,144 8,582 5,315 391 5,706 243,801 3,768 247,569 3,793 814 4,607 13 7 20 57 57 74 56 130 1 98 99 1,288 0 1,288 6,596 1,917 8,513 2,632 136 2,768 2,984 310 3,294 932 472 1,404 149 279 428 4 36 40
31,830 24,862 56,692 1,623 171 1,794 169,357 3,002 172,359 6,372 1,387 7,759 617 133 750 1,258 1,258 276 149 425 331 4,564 4,895 1,256 2 1,258 1,655 2,149 3,804 5,374 890 6,264 8,055 1,125 9,180 5,248 1,984 7,232 1,315 3,237 4,552 67 611 678
67,634 39,809 107,443 628 53 681 112,594 2,022 114,616 7,818 1,359 9,177 1,640 248 1,888 555 555 2,501 528 3,029 100 1,342 1,442 1,372 4 1,376 1,883 1,042 2,925 3,760 740 4,500 21,910 2,270 24,180 2,106 272 2,378 984 2,381 3,365 458 778 1,236
107,055 68,551 175,606 24,340 2,317 26,657 1,127,415 18,784 1,146,199 21,012 4,355 25,367 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,917 750 3,667 434 6,021 6,455 6,996 9 7,005 11,802 5,490 17,292 12,361 1,806 14,167 33,630 3,788 37,418 8,770 2,901 11,671 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 4.15 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS WITH ADULT WORKERS BY NUMBER OF DAYS WORKED PER YEAR (2009-10)
State Location < 7days 7-50 days
742 14 756 516 516 3,227 1,052 4,279 2,988 2 2,990 51 2 53 4 1 5 2 0 2 44 5 49 123 123 171 54 225 7,210 23 7,233 67 58 125 59 3 62 8,636 177 8,813 74,514 3,064 77,578
51-100 days
3,808 116 3,924 3,972 3,972 13,900 4,008 17,908 12,616 62 12,678 121 3 124 2 3 5 0 0 0 489 202 691 76 76 240 139 379 78,497 362 78,859 46 58 104 240 26 266 11,784 465 12,249 400,758 11,144 411,902
101-150 days
13,177 1,668 14,845 2,950 2,950 6,870 1,351 8,221 9,059 130 9,189 352 11 363 8 3 11 2 2 4 2,220 451 2,671 68 68 741 418 1,159 18,414 105 18,519 216 468 684 648 132 780 13,971 798 14,769 372,586 12,300 384,886
151-200 days
45,514 6,846 52,360 2,184 2,184 4,691 645 5,336 17,993 181 18,174 857 35 892 213 83 296 61 6 67 5,960 1,174 7,134 73 73 7,706 3,802 11,508 7,776 86 7,862 2,300 1,501 3,801 1,270 359 1,629 34,000 3,493 37,493 403,618 29,696 433,314
201-300 days
68,014 15,202 83,216 943 943 2,011 525 2,536 10,566 118 10,684 3,755 201 3,956 427 255 682 1,304 818 2,122 5,593 2,412 8,005 174 174 42,432 27,212 69,644 5,003 122 5,125 23,615 15,497 39,112 3,007 1,841 4,848 117,946 15,924 133,870 518,166 125,651 643,817
> 300 days

18,455 3,713 22,168 414 414 725 464 1,189 5,089 32 5,121 33,094 1,158 34,252 503 251 754 152 30 182 2,399 1,647 4,046 12 12 61,632 44,337 105,969 1,394 95 1,489 36,690 29,939 66,629 1,638 1,380 3,018 142,504 39,579 182,083 530,089 176,028 706,117
All households
149,819 27,571 177,390 10,991 10,991 31,434 8,046 39,480 58,330 526 58,856 38,232 1,410 39,642 1,157 596 1,753 1,521 856 2,377 16,707 5,893 22,600 541 541 112,934 75,968 188,902 118,626 793 119,419 62,942 47,525 110,467 6,864 3,741 10,605 328,953 60,446 389,399 2,301,195 357,938 2,659,133
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
109 12 121 12 12 10 1 11 19 1 20 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 15 15 12 6 18 332 0 332 8 4 12 2 0 2 112 10 122 1,464 55 1,519
97
TABLE 5.1 NUMBER OF LOOMS BY WORKING STATUS (2009-10)

Household looms Total household looms Working State Location Non-household looms Total nonhousehold looms Working Working Total looms Total looms
Idle
Idle
ANDHRA PRADESH
98
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
62,741 37,927 100,668 19,716 1,687 21,403 963,466 14,806 978,272 6,521 859 7,380 1,583 204 1,787 969 969 2,720 492 3,212 23 166 189 5,397 4 5,401 4,226 2,940 7,166 1,685 206 1,891 25,046 3,360 28,406 3,274 510 3,784 1,166 2,065 3,231 499 1,101 1,600
3,949 66,690 1,848 39,775 5,797 106,465 4,676 24,392 1,207 2,894 5,883 27,286 117,884 1,081,350 2,591 17,397 120,475 1,098,747 1,676 8,197 542 1,401 2,218 9,598 31 1,614 2 206 33 1,820 226 1,195 226 1,195 166 2,886 90 582 256 3,468 4 27 45 211 49 238 149 5,546 0 4 149 5,550 58 4,284 77 3,017 135 7,301 212 1,897 25 231 237 2,128 2,593 27,639 381 3,741 2,974 31,380 626 3,900 99 609 725 4,509 34 1,200 114 2,179 148 3,379 33 532 216 1,317 249 1,849
8,545 8532 17077
748 424 1172
3539 861 4400 1,121 0 1,121 383 154 537 1215 1215 122 250 372 1019 2811 3830 24 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 5348 852 6200 3382 1660 5042 0 163 163 55 1596 1651
712 7718 8430 4,254 0 4,254 46 68 114 150 150 27 33 60 173 635 808 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2675 233 2908 2409 1137 3546 0 62 62 44 967 1011
9,293 8,956 18,249 0 0 0 4,251 8,579 12,830 5,375 0 5,375 429 222 651 1,365 1,365 149 283 432 1,192 3,446 4,638 28 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,023 1,085 9,108 5,791 2,797 8,588 0 225 225 99 2,563 2,662
71,286 46,459 117,745 19,716 1,687 21,403 967,005 15,667 982,672 7,642 859 8,501 1,966 358 2,324 2,184 2,184 2,842 742 3,584 1,042 2,977 4,019 5,421 4 5,425 4,226 2,940 7,166 1,685 206 1,891 30,394 4,212 34,606 6,656 2,170 8,826 1,166 2,228 3,394 554 2,697 3,251
4,697 75,983 2,272 48,731 6,969 124,714 4,676 24,392 1,207 2,894 5,883 27,286 118,596 1,085,601 10,309 25,976 128,905 1,111,577 5,930 13,752 542 1,401 6,472 14,973 77 2,043 70 428 147 2,471 376 2,560 376 2,560 193 3,035 123 865 316 3,900 177 1,219 680 3,657 857 4,876 153 5,574 0 4 153 5,578 58 4,284 77 3,017 135 7,301 212 1,897 25 231 237 2,128 5,268 35,662 614 4,826 5,882 40,488 3,035 9,691 1,236 3,406 4,271 13,097 34 1,200 176 2,404 210 3,604 77 631 1,183 3,880 1,260 4,511
Idle
TABLE 5.1 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF LOOMS BY WORKING STATUS (2009-10)

Household looms Total household looms Working State Location Non-household looms Total nonhousehold looms Working Working Total looms Total looms
Idle
Idle
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
Rural 158,783 Urban 27,920 Total 186,703 Rural 8,348 Urban Total 8,348 Rural 15,869 Urban 7,413 Total 23,282 Rural 44,190 Urban 266 Total 44,456 Rural 36,026 Urban 706 Total 36,732 Rural 743 Urban 380 Total 1,123 Rural 254 Urban 7 Total 261 Rural 2,884 Urban 2,181 Total 5,065 Rural 289 Urban Total 289 Rural 84,285 Urban 58,944 Total 143,229 Rural 132,269 Urban 852 Total 133,121 Rural 42,064 Urban 31,745 Total 73,809 Rural 1,750 Urban 1,601 Total 3,351 Rural 208,975 Urban 57,048 Total 266,023 Rural 1,834,792 Urban 256,359 Total 2,091,151
3,204 161,987 727 28,647 3,931 190,634 619 8,967 619 8,967 371 16,240 285 7,698 656 23,938 3,062 47,252 12 278 3,074 47,530 2,826 38,852 19 725 2,845 39,577 7 750 11 391 18 1,141 0 254 0 7 0 261 287 3,171 51 2,232 338 5,403 40 329 40 329 2,833 87,118 1,385 60,329 4,218 147,447 5,778 138,047 99 951 5,877 138,998 1,772 43,836 1,946 33,691 3,718 77,527 139 1,889 64 1,665 203 3,554 32,536 241,511 6,852 63,900 39,388 305,411 185,565 2,020,357 18,914 275,273 204,479 2,295,630
0 0 0 0 169 16 185 73 72 145 1743 162 1905 16 554 570 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 16 3166 3047 6213 11 0 11 1031 1334 2365 51 143 194 1549 496 2045 30,388 23,918 55,281
0 0 0 0 13 0 13 13 0 13 1855 315 2170 4 56 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 710 139 849 2 0 2 217 186 403 9 9 18 318 55 373 14,233 12,187 26,420
0 158,783 0 27,920 0 186,703 0 8,348 0 8,348 182 16,038 16 7,429 198 23,467 86 44,263 72 338 158 44,601 3,598 37,769 477 868 4,075 38,637 20 759 610 934 630 1,693 0 254 0 7 0 261 0 2,884 0 2,181 0 5,065 16 305 16 305 3,876 87,451 3,186 61,991 7,062 149,442 13 132,280 0 852 13 133,132 1,248 43,095 1,520 33,079 2,768 76,174 60 1,801 152 1,744 212 3,545 1,867 210,524 551 57,544 2,418 268,068 45,596 1,866,155 36,105 280,277 81,701 2,146,432
3,204 161,987 727 28,647 3,931 190,634 619 8,967 619 8,967 384 16,422 285 7,714 669 24,136 3,075 47,338 12 350 3,087 47,688 4,681 42,450 334 1,202 5,015 43,652 11 770 67 1,001 78 1,771 0 254 0 7 0 261 287 3,171 51 2,232 338 5,403 40 345 40 345 3,543 90,994 1,524 63,515 5,067 154,509 5,780 138,060 99 951 5,879 139,011 1,989 45,084 2,132 35,211 4,121 80,295 148 1,949 73 1,817 221 3,766 32,854 243,378 6,907 64,451 39,761 307,829 199,798 2,065,953 31,101 311,378 230,899 2,377,331
Idle
99
TABLE 5.2 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD LOOMS BY TYPE (2009-10)

State Location Pit Frame Pedal Other Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
100
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
61,680 38,506 100,186 61 14 75 3,716 16 3,732 6,936 1,335 8,271 794 173 967 210 210 1,538 136 1,674 11 105 116 214 0 214 96 25 121 1,819 227 2,046 20,229 2,748 22,977 3,111 232 3,343 826 1,784 2,610 383 399 782
3,572 1,020 4,592 7,410 198 7,608 1,022,427 16,192 1,038,619 516 23 539 817 33 850 982 982 1,286 437 1,723 13 106 119 5,059 4 5,063 4,155 2,908 7,063 41 4 45 6,852 875 7,727 770 377 1,147 111 317 428 100 785 885
25 49 74 110 26 136 1,260 84 1,344 19 5 24 0 0 0 0 0 49 4 53 3 0 3 28 0 28 15 76 91 27 0 27 219 14 233 3 0 3 17 21 38 31 53 84
1,413 200 1,613 16,811 2,656 19,467 53,947 1,105 55,052 726 38 764 3 0 3 3 3 13 5 18 0 0 0 245 0 245 18 8 26 10 0 10 339 104 443 16 0 16 246 57 303 18 80 98
66,690 39,775 106,465 24,392 2,894 27,286 1,081,350 17,397 1,098,747 8,197 1,401 9,598 1,614 206 1,820 1,195 1,195 2,886 582 3,468 27 211 238 5,546 4 5,550 4,284 3,017 7,301 1,897 231 2,128 27,639 3,741 31,380 3,900 609 4,509 1,200 2,179 3,379 532 1,317 1,849
TABLE 5.2 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD LOOMS BY TYPE (2009-10)
State
Location
Pit
Frame
Pedal
Other
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
146 22 168 546 546 46 6 52 31 0 31 28,985 600 29,585 731 387 1,118 253 7 260 1,288 1,840 3,128 7 7 46,077 36,916 82,993 1,285 8 1,293 40,777 32,917 73,694 573 1,000 1,573 188,088 41,000 229,088 410,247 160,613 570,860
110,618 26,559 137,177 7,518 7,518 261 1,045 1,306 573 0 573 9,424 121 9,545 19 4 23 0 0 0 906 216 1,122 157 157 23,416 13,791 37,207 3,937 261 4,198 2,917 262 3,179 884 581 1,465 40,371 21,639 62,010 1,254,130 88,740 1,342,870
1,477 295 1,772 41 41 56 24 80 44 0 44 353 2 355 0 0 0 0 0 0 284 37 321 2 2 16,839 9,245 26,084 467 0 467 43 304 347 383 81 464 412 92 504 22,207 10,412 32,619
49,746 1,771 51,517 862 862 15,877 6,623 22,500 46,604 278 46,882 90 2 92 0 0 0 1 0 1 693 139 832 163 163 786 377 1,163 132,358 682 133,040 99 208 307 49 3 52 12,640 1,169 13,809 333,773 15,508 349,281
161,987 28,647 190,634 8,967 8,967 16,240 7,698 23,938 47,252 278 47,530 38,852 725 39,577 750 391 1,141 254 7 261 3,171 2,232 5,403 329 329 87,118 60,329 147,447 138,047 951 138,998 43,836 33,691 77,527 1,889 1,665 3,554 241,511 63,900 305,411 2,020,357 275,273 2,295,630
101
TABLE 5.3 NUMBER OF WORKING LOOMS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE (2009-10)

State Location Commercial Domestic Both domestic and commercial
7,284 6,191 13,475 4,832 553 5,385 258,314 4,754 263,068 568 49 617 9 0 9 52 52 283 2 285 0 13 13 912 0 912 2,666 114 2,780 66 0 66 760 205 965 529 19 548 35 205 240 3 214 217
Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
102
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
54,146 30,302 84,448 558 239 797 23,842 257 24,099 4,873 626 5,499 946 204 1,150 755 755 2,437 490 2,927 23 94 117 750 0 750 1,557 2,822 4,379 1,384 43 1,427 23,110 3,129 26,239 2,570 490 3,060 1,101 1,783 2,884 496 887 1,383
1,311 1,434 2,745 14,326 895 15,221 681,310 9,795 691,105 1,080 184 1,264 628 0 628 162 162 0 0 0 0 59 59 3,735 4 3,739 3 4 7 235 163 398 1,176 26 1,202 175 1 176 30 77 107 0 0 0
62,741 37,927 100,668 19,716 1,687 21,403 963,466 14,806 978,272 6,521 859 7,380 1,583 204 1,787 969 969 2,720 492 3,212 23 166 189 5,397 4 5,401 4,226 2,940 7,166 1,685 206 1,891 25,046 3,360 28,406 3,274 510 3,784 1,166 2,065 3,231 499 1,101 1,600
TABLE 5.3 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF WORKING LOOMS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE (2009-10)
State
Location
Commercial
Domestic
Both domestic and commercial

138,095 24,753 162,848 1,802 1,802 983 658 1,641 32,433 256 32,689 2,120 11 2,131 47 2 49 0 0 0 247 209 456 195 195 17,346 10,399 27,745 9,434 62 9,496 981 626 1,607 330 5 335 35,953 6,631 42,584 516,227 55,983 572,210
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
19,708 3,132 22,840 166 166 1,103 1,259 2,362 2,012 4 2,016 32,994 693 33,687 682 210 892 252 5 257 2,196 1,908 4,104 94 94 56,225 44,942 101,167 5,788 227 6,015 40,139 29,747 69,886 1,342 1,542 2,884 169,034 49,751 218,785 449,528 175,541 625,069
980 35 1,015 6,380 6,380 13,783 5,496 19,279 9,745 6 9,751 912 2 914 14 168 182 2 2 4 441 64 505 0 0 10,714 3,603 14,317 117,047 563 117,610 944 1,372 2,316 78 54 132 3,988 666 4,654 869,037 24,835 893,872
158,783 27,920 186,703 8,348 8,348 15,869 7,413 23,282 44,190 266 44,456 36,026 706 36,732 743 380 1,123 254 7 261 2,884 2,181 5,065 289 289 84,285 58,944 143,229 132,269 852 133,121 42,064 31,745 73,809 1,750 1,601 3,351 208,975 57,048 266,023 1,834,792 256,359 2,091,151
103
TABLE 5.4 NUMBER OF WORKING LOOMS BY TYPE OF YARN USED (2009-10)

State Location Mill spun yarn Hand spun yarn Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
104
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
60,489 37,600 98,089 17,244 1,551 18,795 942,553 14,574 957,127 4,850 788 5,638 1,566 142 1,708 967 967 1,638 310 1,948 20 126 146 2,925 0 2,925 784 540 1,324 629 198 827 18,872 2,614 21,486 1,699 140 1,839 1,139 1,861 3,000 404 945 1,349
2,252 327 2,579 2,472 136 2,608 20,913 232 21,145 1,671 71 1,742 17 62 79 2 2 1,082 182 1,264 3 40 43 2,472 4 2,476 3,442 2,400 5,842 1,056 8 1,064 6,174 746 6,920 1,575 370 1,945 27 204 231 95 156 251
62,741 37,927 100,668 19,716 1,687 21,403 963,466 14,806 978,272 6,521 859 7,380 1,583 204 1,787 969 969 2,720 492 3,212 23 166 189 5,397 4 5,401 4,226 2,940 7,166 1,685 206 1,891 25,046 3,360 28,406 3,274 510 3,784 1,166 2,065 3,231 499 1,101 1,600
TABLE 5.4 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF WORKING LOOMS BY TYPE OF YARN USED (2009-10)
State
Location
Mill spun yarn
Hand spun yarn
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
153,888 27,328 181,216 8,344 8,344 9,548 6,108 15,656 33,594 262 33,856 35,344 706 36,050 653 340 993 254 6 260 912 1,837 2,749 283 283 58,968 41,142 100,110 130,346 826 131,172 40,325 29,534 69,859 1,189 1,506 2,695 189,125 54,309 243,434 1,717,585 226,260 1,943,845
4,895 592 5,487 4 4 6,321 1,305 7,626 10,596 4 10,600 682 0 682 90 40 130 0 1 1 1,972 344 2,316 6 6 25,317 17,802 43,119 1,923 26 1,949 1,739 2,211 3,950 561 95 656 19,850 2,739 22,589 117,207 30,099 147,306
158,783 27,920 186,703 8,348 8,348 15,869 7,413 23,282 44,190 266 44,456 36,026 706 36,732 743 380 1,123 254 7 261 2,884 2,181 5,065 289 289 84,285 58,944 143,229 132,269 852 133,121 42,064 31,745 73,809 1,750 1,601 3,351 208,975 57,048 266,023 1,834,792 256,359 2,091,151
105
TABLE 6.1 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRICS (2009-10)

State Location Dhoti Saree Towel/ napkin Bedsheets Sarong Furnishings Gamchas/ angavastram Lungi
ANDHRA PRADESH
106
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
791 119 910 372 7 379 30,686 789 31,475 570 36 606 1 0 1 0 0 141 3 144 0 0 0 3 0 3 1 1 2 24 229 253 440 76 516 1,317 240 1,557 16 31 47 15 7 22
37,574 21,098 58,672 291 8 299 3,574 90 3,664 1,837 144 1,981 271 46 317 0 0 425 374 799 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 286 329 615 7,774 993 8,767 441 38 479 631 1,477 2,108 181 175 356
556 248 804 1,649 81 1,730 77,406 735 78,141 246 14 260 3 0 3 9 9 351 5 356 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 3 3 1,317 64 1,381 401 52 453 205 70 275 55 137 192 1 37 38
1,431 60 1,491 493 8 501 42,084 809 42,893 311 28 339 150 28 178 309 309 88 3 91 14 231 245 2 0 2 4 1 5 1,851 215 2,066 346 36 382 84 13 97 550 1,736 2,286 0 20 20
6 0 6 8,968 866 9,834 40,362 412 40,774 45 4 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 5 39 44 22 3 25 3 0 3 3 9 12 2 2 4
17 5 22 260 2 262 5,312 50 5,362 84 3 87 0 0 0 73 73 2 0 2 16 39 55 2 0 2 0 4 4 11 43 54 9 1 10 3 9 12 2 15 17 1 0 1
7 10 17 5,526 249 5,775 822,324 14,075 836,399 2,482 434 2,916 2 0 2 1 1 18 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 577 139 716 482 37 519 5 0 5 36 15 51 1 3 4
483 103 586 1,663 49 1,712 52,013 598 52,611 325 41 366 1 1 2 1 1 6 0 6 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 454 54 508 362 6 368 92 53 145 6 23 29 8 8 16
TABLE 6.1 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRICS (2009-10)
State
Location
Dhoti
Saree
Towel/ napkin
36,203 7,907 44,110 40 40 221 11 232 13 0 13 325 5 330 16 2 18 0 0 0 185 56 241 39 39 2,353 1,826 4,179 713 7 720 753 667 1,420 66 152 218 546 69 615 123,663 12,161 135,824
Bedsheets
Sarong
Furnishings Gamchas/ angavastram

1,450 263 1,713 69 69 220 20 240 0 1 1 7 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 7 317 317 8 10 18 1,517 11 1,528 15 15 30 21 0 21 8,599 38 8,637 17,949 602 18,551 6,489 1,146 7,635 7,450 7,450 289 2 291 1,856 0 1,856 2,485 32 2,517 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 20 100 4 4 13 45 58 13,905 149 14,054 4,739 957 5,696 13 26 39 24,981 4,651 29,632 893,764 21,991 915,755
Lungi
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
823 147 970 24 24 18 0 18 5 1 6 608 126 734 0 0 0 2 2 4 74 57 131 0 0 3,517 2,068 5,585 164 1 165 255 69 324 17 1 18 2,281 74 2,355 42,165 4,084 46,249
2,367 316 2,683 6 6 125 5 130 16 0 16 26,570 506 27,076 155 54 209 2 0 2 277 1,811 2,088 0 0 37,830 25,908 63,738 562 18 580 18,567 21,927 40,494 35 4 39 85,885 21,132 107,017 225,683 96,455 322,138
37,173 8,071 45,244 173 173 1,503 306 1,809 13 0 13 336 13 349 0 0 0 65 0 65 231 61 292 12 12 3,163 4,915 8,078 2,316 11 2,327 8,870 4,543 13,413 1,130 1,827 2,957 1,000 9 1,009 103,393 23,253 126,646
126,127 21,880 148,007 3,377 3,377 10,463 4,192 14,655 11 0 11 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 10 1 1 104 45 149 103,323 435 103,758 33 12 45 17 3 20 32 3 35 292,915 27,907 320,822
29,111 5,102 34,213 52 52 233 14 247 7 1 8 796 28 824 373 189 562 1 0 1 16 9 25 6 6 3,974 3,628 7,602 694 9 703 56 22 78 4 2 6 2,430 1,510 3,940 93,168 11,451 104,619
107
TABLE 6.1 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD UNITS REPORTING PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRICS (2009-10)
Long cloth Mekhla /chaddar
15 2 17 5,614 391 6,005 783,429 13,357 796,786 6 4 10 0 0 0 11 11 229 16 245 2 95 97 7 0 7 0 1 1 0 0 0 51 1 52 0 0 0 6 3 9 1 1 2
Blanket
Shawls
ANDHRA PRADESH
108
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
3,698 678 4,376 558 84 642 4,455 206 4,661 514 18 532 981 126 1,107 1 1 78 0 78 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1,497 177 1,674 2,852 347 3,199 82 13 95 5 44 49 89 26 115
789 51 840 182 6 188 687 9 696 194 8 202 407 21 428 5 5 9 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 369 30 399 429 62 491 18 1 19 16 130 146 3 1 4
1,820 1,650 3,470 373 1 374 4,618 56 4,674 71 9 80 3 0 3 2 2 74 32 106 0 6 6 0 0 0 1 0 1 46 2 48 384 8 392 5 0 5 18 39 57 2 0 2
402 277 679 365 8 373 13,876 183 14,059 686 50 736 3 0 3 47 47 307 31 338 0 4 4 348 0 348 7 3 10 140 2 142 412 38 450 9 0 9 3 4 7 0 12 12
22 16 4 0 26 16 6,140 294 650 9 6,790 303 55,068 14,861 1,045 36 56,113 14,897 91 56 5 2 96 58 1 0 1 0 2 0 10 0 10 0 498 0 32 0 530 0 1 2 0 20 1 22 899 13 0 0 899 13 1,080 372 2,157 107 3,237 479 2 1 2 0 4 1 10 1 0 0 10 1 10 0 2 0 12 0 3 4 4 0 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
241 8 249 689 192 881 409 6 415 425 54 479 30 4 34 118 118 55 3 58 23 1,016 1,039 0 0 0 2,649 105 2,754 1 0 1 3,518 212 3,730 0 0 0 2 21 23 23 6 29
2 1 3 18 1 19 92 2 94 62 5 67 0 0 0 178 178 66 5 71 3 29 32 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 4 2 3 5 1 5 6 2 4 6
1 4 5 6 0 6 163 5 168 40 2 42 1 22 23 112 112 418 21 439 288 3,595 3,883 32 0 32 34 35 69 1 1 2 5 0 5 1 0 1 119 65 184 6 72 78
Durries
Duster
State
Location
5 5 10 11 1 12 654 6 660 7 1 8 9 0 9 0 0 112 4 116 0 3 3 1 0 1 2 1 3 0 0 0 94 9 103 1 0 1 45 33 78 0 8 8
Bandage
Suitings
Dress material
Shirting
Loi
TABLE 6.1 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD UNITS REPORTING PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRICS (2009-10)
Long cloth Mekhla /chaddar
1,314 448 1,762 4,781 4,781 9 0 9 38,553 261 38,814 115 3 118 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 3 83 2 2 59 36 95 23,862 81 23,943 62 32 94 44 3 47 599 56 655 858,840 14,805 873,645
Blanket
Shawls
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
342 76 418 7 7 233 11 244 13 0 13 1,248 13 1,261 0 0 0 0 0 0 206 21 227 8 8 212 182 394 573 7 580 277 42 319 12 0 12 1,323 33 1,356 19,265 2,105 21,370
860 160 1,020 7 7 200 7 207 37 0 37 41 0 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 7 50 0 0 63 38 101 1,566 2 1,568 143 35 178 0 0 0 51 13 64 6,115 588 6,703
2,390 152 2,542 7 7 34 14 48 121 0 121 704 7 711 0 0 0 0 0 0 83 5 88 31 31 118 212 330 1,831 0 1,831 49 107 156 7 1 8 649 85 734 13,439 2,388 15,827
3,600 1,399 4,999 62 62 784 197 981 21 0 21 138 0 138 0 0 0 1 0 1 260 44 304 16 16 391 183 574 67 0 67 170 73 243 34 2 36 459 397 856 22,561 2,954 25,515
32,322 38,391 5,656 5,854 37,978 44,245 387 14 387 14 6,375 52 3,158 10 9,533 62 23,804 36 183 0 23,987 36 105 0 0 0 105 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 2 1 2 20 4 797 56 75 0 872 56 14 0 14 0 44 10 42 1 86 11 1,017 16 5 0 1,022 16 284 35 23 14 307 49 451 379 73 82 524 461 20 4 40 0 60 4 129,464 54,615 13,168 6,137 142,632 60,752
20,417 2,145 22,562 2 2 3,577 1,093 4,670 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 106 13 119 452 8 460 42 42 346 338 684 20 0 20 6 11 17 268 35 303 81 197 278 33,384 5,585 38,969
159 25 184 2 2 29 2 31 0 0 0 12 1 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 14 3 3 1,839 558 2,397 15 0 15 35 65 100 26 2 28 67 0 67 2,454 886 3,340
42 9 51 4 4 20 4 24 0 0 0 33 1 34 0 0 0 1 2 3 635 173 808 134 134 8,528 1,624 10,152 35 0 35 9,759 2,925 12,684 224 88 312 3 1 4 20,533 8,761 29,294
Durries
Duster
State
Location
416 781 1,197 3 3 6 1 7 13 0 13 132 0 132 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 7 3 3 39 18 57 250 0 250 1,248 12 1,260 109 5 114 76 25 101 3,242 914 4,156
Bandage
Suitings
Dress material
Shirting
Loi
109
TABLE 6.2 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING USAGE OF MAJOR YARNS (2009-10)

State Location Cotton (1-20) Cotton (21-40) Cotton (41-80) Cotton (Above 80) Viscose & blends Muga silk
ANDHRA PRADESH
110
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
2,160 394 2,554 5,660 617 6,277 88,241 1,560 89,801 1,194 521 1,715 113 65 178 200 200 829 39 868 155 1,864 2,019 4 0 4 21 4 25 2,688 619 3,307 1,974 196 2,170 220 90 310 442 364 806 36 103 139
4,810 1,346 6,156 10,838 782 11,620 572,062 11,498 583,560 1,829 165 1,994 171 43 214 486 486 1,103 48 1,151 113 1,072 1,185 2 0 2 5 5 10 2,147 241 2,388 1,433 108 1,541 335 140 475 278 1,669 1,947 27 119 146
18,493 6,675 25,168 5,129 505 5,634 533,565 9,698 543,263 562 18 580 288 18 306 29 29 178 43 221 2 100 102 1 0 1 12 2 14 849 114 963 4,845 256 5,101 739 112 851 231 179 410 25 44 69
6,618 2,594 9,212 4,552 182 4,734 461,684 6,720 468,404 274 16 290 2 10 12 12 12 15 12 27 0 408 408 10 0 10 1 0 1 147 65 212 332 72 404 985 98 1,083 740 1,238 1,978 15 6 21
32 22 54 163 7 170 12,103 70 12,173 6 3 9 1 1 2 1 1 4 0 4 0 0 0 2,658 0 2,658 0 0 0 15 20 35 485 8 493 7 1 8 3 4 7 0 1 1
60 118 178 135 17 152 6,688 144 6,832 227 8 235 1 0 1 1 1 2 3 5 0 3 3 21 0 21 1 30 31 150 9 159 103 60 163 1 0 1 6 63 69 7 0 7
TABLE 6.2 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING USAGE OF MAJOR YARNS (2009-10)
State
Location
Cotton (1-20)
11,364 1,111 12,475 877 877 1,557 485 2,042 145 0 145 1,307 39 1,346 16 1 17 38 4 42 1,562 323 1,885 277 277 8,119 5,237 13,356 1,397 22 1,419 13,812 3,699 17,511 417 468 885 8,004 288 8,292 152,629 18,313 170,942
Cotton (21-40)
44,121 7,906 52,027 1,890 1,890 10,276 4,368 14,644 1,452 0 1,452 7,470 60 7,530 22 2 24 202 11 213 517 59 576 310 310 6,756 4,390 11,146 4,715 78 4,793 10,270 5,066 15,336 997 1,546 2,543 21,587 6,345 27,932 705,738 47,553 753,291
Cotton (41-80)
31,496 8,466 39,962 2,010 2,010 2,128 526 2,654 5,005 0 5,005 11,871 164 12,035 442 231 673 4 4 8 171 21 192 117 117 10,459 7,925 18,384 1,690 34 1,724 1,642 617 2,259 469 216 685 15,826 2,641 18,467 648,249 38,638 686,887
Cotton (Above 80)

26,869 5,809 32,678 2,565 2,565 875 134 1,009 1,665 0 1,665 7,984 235 8,219 47 10 57 0 0 0 223 1,790 2,013 28 28 9,318 7,063 16,381 351 1 352 453 175 628 137 72 209 63,414 18,077 81,491 589,304 44,799 634,103
Viscose & blends

3,247 2,641 5,888 1,153 1,153 196 5 201 26,710 132 26,842 13 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 13 3 3 122 82 204 129 0 129 2,111 1,209 3,320 3 1 4 88 17 105 49,256 4,234 53,490
Muga silk
25,750 4,468 30,218 67 67 277 5 282 58 1 59 340 36 376 2 0 2 0 0 0 28 1 29 1 1 4,169 2,497 6,666 98 0 98 351 163 514 11 1 12 293 15 308 38,847 7,643 46,490
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
111
State Location Eri silk Mulberry silk Other silk Wool Zari Polyester & blends Jute
ANDHRA PRADESH
112
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
70 117 187 260 4 264 11,589 59 11,648 757 143 900 2 0 2 1 1 24 13 37 0 8 8 1 0 1 0 0 0 141 3 144 251 26 277 0 0 0 0 21 21 47 1 48
14,120 12,733 26,853 61 0 61 6,291 180 6,471 152 5 157 2 0 2 0 0 14 7 21 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 16 16 202 6 208 1,092 418 1,510 1 2 3 4 56 60 5 9 14
1,015 743 1,758 426 7 433 21,441 406 21,847 2,049 155 2,204 280 83 363 3 3 335 338 673 15 257 272 4 0 4 4 6 10 172 240 412 2,002 208 2,210 0 0 0 10 252 262 143 73 216
962 13 975 7,121 516 7,637 181,215 2,274 183,489 499 14 513 4 0 4 113 113 416 25 441 27 997 1,024 2,346 1 2,347 4,103 2,171 6,274 66 7 73 3,694 283 3,977 0 0 0 131 4 135 58 7 65
165 99 264 56 1 57 675 8 683 68 4 72 3 0 3 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 6 0 6 9 6 15 6 2 8 145 17 162 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
246 29 275 361 93 454 40,466 369 40,835 76 1 77 805 54 859 5 5 19 0 19 4 56 60 23 0 23 0 0 0 56 2 58 2,506 339 2,845 63 8 71 0 7 7 0 0 0
2 4 6 23 8 31 854 9 863 280 6 286 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 32 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
State
Location
Eri silk
4,374 1,408 5,782 773 773 224 7 231 17 0 17 209 5 214 0 0 0 1 0 1 6 6 12 2 2 1,423 937 2,360 85 0 85 1,112 936 2,048 14 1 15 39 7 46 21,421 3,703 25,124
Mulberry silk
3,149 536 3,685 318 318 411 56 467 9 0 9 2,987 155 3,142 17 0 17 0 0 0 10 1 11 1 1 9,133 8,104 17,237 209 2 211 788 3,645 4,433 2 1 3 6,117 32 6,149 45,095 25,967 71,062
Other silk
2,326 662 2,988 2,249 2,249 436 263 699 66 42 108 1,105 35 1,140 1 0 1 0 0 0 9 0 9 1 1 7,244 4,229 11,473 716 1 717 11,917 15,051 26,968 18 1 19 1,702 851 2,553 55,686 23,906 79,592
Wool
Zari
Polyester & blends

49,527 11,609 61,136 3,611 3,611 27 7 34 24,310 216 24,526 33 0 33 1 0 1 0 0 0 81 26 107 0 0 99 96 195 107 0 107 1,739 682 2,421 0 0 0 761 8 769 124,921 13,607 138,528
Jute
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
142,249 17,634 159,883 1,090 1,090 6,446 3,346 9,792 11,315 115 11,430 83 0 83 0 0 0 0 2 2 1,141 123 1,264 53 53 70 54 124 5,235 19 5,254 858 316 1,174 961 12 973 286 117 403 370,429 28,163 398,592
256 416 672 9 9 82 29 111 153 0 153 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 0 5 50 55 395 0 395 77 76 153 13 0 13 1 0 1 2,131 713 2,844
358 104 462 8 8 25 3 28 73 0 73 2 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 8 110 2 2 14 18 32 1,980 7 1,987 7 9 16 13 0 13 10,180 5 10,185 13,929 216 14,145
113
TABLE 6.3 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING MAJOR SOURCE OF INPUT-HANK YARN (2009-10)
State Location Open market Master weaver Cooperative society NHDC/ SHDC Others Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
114
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
5,425 4,610 10,035 15,134 1,182 16,316 734,208 11,334 745,542 1,300 490 1,790 21 7 28 244 244 269 56 325 3 27 30 1,354 4 1,358 2,739 490 3,229 862 26 888 4,187 312 4,499 321 11 332 357 170 527 44 109 153
20,688 10,172 30,860 24 3 27 2,506 4 2,510 5,289 453 5,742 646 81 727 39 39 269 77 346 8 9 17 197 0 197 1,374 1,874 3,248 1,162 461 1,623 3,162 387 3,549 60 15 75 907 2,880 3,787 1 4 5
4,408 345 4,753 119 5 124 1,105 3 1,108 101 10 111 1,214 178 1,392 39 39 311 23 334 0 0 0 86 1 87 13 6 19 2,128 209 2,337 2,033 82 2,115 1,023 277 1,300 162 187 349 9 2 11
15 7 22 103 8 111 1,782 9 1,791 43 0 43 3 3 6 0 0 20 8 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 7 179 1 180 4,258 466 4,724 125 29 154 2 9 11 7 1 8
139 38 177 31 5 36 8,535 22 8,557 524 24 548 4 14 18 7 7 1,122 99 1,221 5 1,147 1,152 806 2 808 10 19 29 95 1 96 1,631 364 1,995 316 32 348 276 374 650 132 92 224
30,675 15,172 45,847 15,411 1,203 16,614 748,136 11,372 759,508 7,257 977 8,234 1,888 283 2,171 329 329 1,991 263 2,254 16 1,183 1,199 2,443 7 2,450 4,142 2,390 6,532 4,426 698 5,124 15,271 1,611 16,882 1,845 364 2,209 1,704 3,620 5,324 193 208 401
TABLE 6.3 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING MAJOR SOURCE OF INPUT-HANK YARN (2009-10)
State
Location
Open market
118,629 21,252 139,881 5,316 5,316 8,784 3,238 12,022 24,219 170 24,389 7,848 219 8,067 6 0 6 248 7 255 727 440 1,167 31 31 5,460 3,215 8,675 11,730 82 11,812 11,599 2,535 14,134 879 881 1,760 11,072 2,077 13,149 972,772 53,188 1,025,960
Master weaver
2,685 132 2,817 17 17 31 27 58 487 0 487 12,374 175 12,549 22 1 23 4 15 19 646 1,172 1,818 0 0 22,974 16,290 39,264 134 14 148 28,271 24,779 53,050 714 739 1,453 16,978 5,077 22,055 121,630 64,880 186,510
Cooperative society
29 4 33 1 1 10 2 12 11 2 13 5,298 205 5,503 339 171 510 0 0 0 268 46 314 1 1 22,481 14,304 36,785 111 1 112 172 174 346 42 14 56 997 108 1,105 42,472 16,398 58,870
NHDC/ SHDC
33 12 45 1 1 18 0 18 19 0 19 15 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 5 34 3 3 43 32 75 40 0 40 46 3 49 3 0 3 15 4 19 6,808 598 7,406
Others
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,690 617 2,307 81 81 614 178 792 572 34 606 291 1 292 0 0 0 1 0 1 1,300 625 1,925 1 1 3,282 2,150 5,432 2,352 20 2,372 2,973 523 3,505 200 9 209 6,439 589 7,028 33,422 6,986 40,417
123,066 22,017 145,083 5,416 5,416 9,457 3,445 12,902 25,308 206 25,514 25,826 600 26,426 367 172 539 253 22 275 2,970 2,288 5,258 36 36 54,240 35,991 90,231 14,367 117 14,484 43,061 28,014 71,084 1,838 1,643 3,481 35,501 7,855 43,356 1,177,104 142,050 1,319,163
115
TABLE 6.4 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING MAJOR SOURCE OF INPUT-DYES & CHEMICALS (2009-10)
ANDHRA PRADESH
116
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
4,649 4,360 9,009 4,215 151 4,366 241,765 5,632 247,397 1,315 407 1,722 21 5 26 128 128 226 58 284 3 24 27 794 2 796 2,730 431 3,161 866 26 892 2,286 208 2,494 107 3 110 323 170 493 19 77 96
20,629 10,182 30,811 21 4 25 1,614 10 1,624 3,381 453 3,834 638 78 716 29 29 175 17 192 6 6 12 191 0 191 1,363 1,791 3,154 1,139 424 1,563 2,474 318 2,792 40 15 55 870 2,818 3,688 0 1 1
4,141 343 4,484 17 0 17 165 3 168 69 9 78 1,100 153 1,253 31 31 155 8 163 0 0 0 89 1 90 16 9 25 2,122 208 2,330 1,547 66 1,613 580 87 667 161 153 314 0 2 2
26 61 87 7 1 8 217 1 218 24 0 24 2 0 2 0 0 6 5 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 176 2 178 3,099 339 3,438 28 15 43 1 8 9 3 1 4
1,045 232 1,277 1,342 241 1,583 114,057 2,218 116,275 226 25 251 0 0 0 1 1 625 42 667 3 1,133 1,136 16 0 16 10 0 10 101 1 102 880 206 1,086 37 20 57 279 373 652 74 29 103
30,490 15,178 45,668 5,602 397 5,999 357,818 7,864 365,682 5,015 894 5,909 1,761 236 1,997 189 189 1,187 130 1,317 12 1,163 1,175 1,090 3 1,093 4,125 2,231 6,356 4,404 661 5,065 10,286 1,137 11,423 792 140 932 1,634 3,522 5,156 96 110 206
TABLE 6.4 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING MAJOR SOURCE OF INPUT-DYES & CHEMICALS (2009-10)
State Location Open market
9,983 2,851 12,834 2,112 2,112 6,928 2,540 9,468 15,092 163 15,255 7,379 227 7,606 3 0 3 248 7 255 283 117 400 30 30 3,137 2,265 5,402 5,483 38 5,521 1,158 1,838 2,996 596 361 957 20,725 2,194 22,919 332,476 24,283 356,759
Master weaver
1,282 61 1,343 13 13 99 31 130 23 0 23 10,217 112 10,329 21 0 21 3 15 18 384 477 861 1 1 17,649 10,757 28,406 163 14 177 19,621 18,032 37,653 648 509 1,157 11,708 4,225 15,933 94,373 50,379 144,752
Cooperative society
52 11 63 0 0 22 3 25 25 3 28 4,401 168 4,569 34 4 38 0 0 0 214 49 263 1 1 18,629 10,061 28,690 129 0 129 110 136 246 38 13 51 470 83 553 34,287 11,604 45,891
NHDC/ SHDC
18 4 22 0 0 6 0 6 27 0 27 10 0 10 1 0 1 0 0 0 27 1 28 3 3 42 56 98 16 0 16 37 3 40 1 0 1 10 4 14 3,793 501 4,294
Others
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,473 207 1,680 191 191 1,047 233 1,280 1,707 8 1,715 290 1 291 26 5 31 1 0 1 933 567 1,500 0 0 3,239 1,291 4,530 15,696 90 15,786 390 580 979 197 11 208 4,176 426 4,602 148,061 7,940 156,010
12,808 3,134 15,942 2,316 2,316 8,102 2,807 10,909 16,874 174 17,048 22,297 508 22,805 85 9 94 252 22 274 1,841 1,211 3,052 35 35 42,696 24,430 67,126 21,487 142 21,629 21,316 20,589 41,914 1,480 894 2,374 37,089 6,932 44,021 612,990 94,707 707,706
117
TABLE 6.5 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING MAJOR SOURCE OF INPUT-DYED YARN (2009-10)
ANDHRA PRADESH
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
ASSAM
118
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
4,645 4,186 8,831 12,584 940 13,524 703,268 9,773 713,041 1,299 404 1,703 22 1 23 239 239 296 56 352 10 24 34 3,983 0 3,983 2,734 482 3,216 863 25 888 2,544 252 2,796 313 9 322 352 171 523 25 76 101
25,578 11,961 37,539 12 5 17 3,803 32 3,835 5,775 584 6,359 668 81 749 38 38 342 209 551 10 10 20 286 0 286 1,381 1,868 3,249 1,225 481 1,706 3,471 389 3,860 57 14 71 894 3,078 3,972 1 3 4
6,046 421 6,467 11 0 11 220 3 223 98 12 110 1,160 149 1,309 42 42 285 16 301 0 12 12 150 1 151 19 10 29 2,308 248 2,556 2,068 78 2,146 1,007 290 1,297 168 189 357 0 3 3
18 60 78 1 1 2 354 0 354 43 1 44 0 0 0 0 0 21 8 29 0 0 0 2 0 2 6 0 6 191 0 191 3,576 399 3,975 125 30 155 2 10 12 15 5 20
597 169 766 951 144 1,095 15,580 87 15,667 245 29 274 1 0 1 5 5 1,085 83 1,168 3 1,178 1,181 16 0 16 11 11 22 102 1 103 1,210 265 1,475 317 32 349 284 379 663 210 78 288
36,884 16,797 53,681 13,559 1,090 14,649 723,225 9,895 733,120 7,460 1,030 8,490 1,851 231 2,082 324 324 2,029 372 2,401 23 1,224 1,247 4,437 1 4,438 4,151 2,371 6,522 4,689 755 5,444 12,869 1,383 14,252 1,819 375 2,194 1,700 3,827 5,527 251 165 416
TABLE 6.5 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING MAJOR SOURCE OF INPUT-DYED YARN (2009-10)
State
Location
Open market
132,283 23,819 156,102 4,271 4,271 7,663 3,319 10,982 27,764 165 27,929 7,356 174 7,530 1 0 1 249 11 260 612 503 1,115 88 88 3,520 2,566 6,086 93,774 438 94,212 11,029 2,399 13,428 1,226 753 1,979 16,333 3,205 19,538 1,039,107 53,990 1,093,097
Master weaver
2,868 138 3,006 49 49 69 32 101 287 0 287 14,299 187 14,486 28 0 28 7 12 19 655 1,113 1,768 0 0 20,922 13,663 34,585 411 17 428 27,777 25,373 53,150 1,150 1,040 2,190 33,669 11,255 44,924 145,694 71,583 217,277
Cooperative society
42 11 53 2 2 16 1 17 33 3 36 5,688 208 5,896 161 44 205 0 0 0 237 50 287 0 0 20,996 11,790 32,786 1,406 6 1,412 126 160 286 49 12 61 2,226 214 2,440 44,522 13,973 58,495
NHDC/ SHDC
28 3 31 1 1 3 0 3 35 0 35 8 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 26 4 4 49 41 90 55 0 55 40 4 44 1 0 1 18 6 24 4,622 568 5,190
Others
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
2,822 545 3,367 197 197 1,187 300 1,487 766 10 776 420 1 421 32 5 37 1 0 1 1,094 649 1,743 2 2 4,107 2,145 6,252 2,319 23 2,342 2,855 707 3,571 206 11 217 19,849 1,491 21,340 56,469 8,348 64,826
138,043 24,516 162,559 4,520 4,520 8,938 3,652 12,590 28,885 178 29,063 27,771 570 28,341 222 49 271 257 23 280 2,624 2,315 4,939 94 94 49,594 30,205 79,799 97,965 484 98,449 41,827 28,643 70,479 2,632 1,816 4,448 72,095 16,171 88,266 1,290,414 148,462 1,438,885
119
TABLE 6.6 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING AVERAGE PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRIC PER WEAVER PER DAY (METERS)
State Location Less than 1 Mtrs 1-2 Mtrs 2-3 Mtrs 3-4 Mtrs 4 & above Mtrs Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
120
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
22,597 15,224 37,821 8,548 688 9,236 417,046 6,006 423,052 781 111 892 2 7 9 16 16 185 24 209 0 148 148 4,552 6 4,558 1,468 2,253 3,721 103 35 138 808 169 977 264 64 328 381 246 627 165 111 276
11,659 4,748 16,407 6,730 548 7,278 385,077 6,913 391,990 260 46 306 262 52 314 4 4 320 205 525 1 186 187 974 1 975 30 7 37 17 6 23 2,788 407 3,195 118 26 144 279 547 826 82 89 171
6,294 2,981 9,275 321 9 330 69,552 1,310 70,862 489 140 629 182 9 191 8 8 294 127 421 9 193 202 188 0 188 171 14 185 75 20 95 4,234 430 4,664 307 39 346 290 254 544 18 21 39
5,837 1,215 7,052 198 0 198 9,900 332 10,232 1,106 150 1,256 40 19 59 16 16 174 38 212 8 200 208 38 0 38 7 3 10 1,069 60 1,129 4,085 318 4,403 884 215 1,099 236 223 459 31 29 60
2,487 477 2,964 70 0 70 3,637 69 3,706 4,943 590 5,533 1,402 196 1,598 1,173 1,173 1,522 134 1,656 334 4,246 4,580 60 0 60 2,450 110 2,560 3,379 577 3,956 5,648 554 6,202 451 75 526 545 2,363 2,908 40 91 131
48,874 24,645 73,519 15,867 1,245 17,112 885,212 14,630 899,842 7,579 1,037 8,616 1,888 283 2,171 1,217 1,217 2,495 528 3,023 352 4,973 5,325 5,812 7 5,819 4,126 2,387 6,513 4,643 698 5,341 17,563 1,878 19,441 2,024 419 2,443 1,731 3,633 5,364 336 341 677
TABLE 6.6 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING AVERAGE PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FABRIC PER WEAVER PER DAY (METERS)
State Location Less than 1 Mtr
63,163 10,857 74,020 6,727 6,727 11,768 5,007 16,775 34,694 197 34,891 7,227 136 7,363 18 0 18 4 0 4 962 1,147 2,109 466 466 23,633 13,683 37,316 97,678 433 98,111 17,916 21,365 39,281 100 5 105 25,373 2,414 27,787 746,629 80,352 826,981
1-2 Mtrs
63,263 11,904 75,167 942 942 2,416 860 3,276 4,735 62 4,797 8,044 309 8,353 25 115 140 0 0 0 342 506 848 40 40 13,465 10,386 23,851 12,318 112 12,430 2,638 3,237 5,875 136 12 148 19,745 3,468 23,213 536,706 44,756 581,462
2-3 Mtrs
16,954 2,825 19,779 105 105 427 109 536 989 1 990 8,510 136 8,646 108 17 125 1 0 1 246 317 563 2 2 11,009 9,209 20,218 1,146 42 1,188 1,028 718 1,746 229 10 239 40,575 7,991 48,566 163,753 26,930 190,683
3-4 Mtrs
4,077 648 4,725 43 43 113 54 167 86 0 86 2,423 53 2,476 278 66 344 0 0 0 238 36 274 4 4 6,897 5,006 11,903 248 19 267 1,362 465 1,827 248 44 292 27,841 8,450 36,291 67,471 17,659 85,130
4 & above Mtrs

1,856 368 2,224 9 9 262 85 347 15 0 15 5,377 55 5,432 54 17 71 247 22 269 1,258 251 1,509 18 18 8,542 3,714 12,256 248 26 274 22,576 6,206 28,782 1,867 2,240 4,107 18,042 5,766 23,808 87,339 29,405 116,744
Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
149,313 26,602 175,915 7,826 7,826 14,986 6,115 21,101 40,519 260 40,779 31,581 689 32,270 483 215 698 252 22 274 3,046 2,257 5,303 530 530 63,546 41,998 105,544 111,638 632 112,270 45,520 31,991 77,511 2,580 2,311 4,891 131,576 28,089 159,665 1,601,898 199,102 1,801,000
121
TABLE 6.7 AVERAGE EARNING OF HANDLOOM HOUSEHOLDS (RS./ANNUM, 2009-10)

State Location All households Weaver households Allied households
ANDHRA PRADESH
122
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
27,620 29,380 28,305 55,908 69,158 57,232 40,102 54,453 40,343 22,482 30,741 23,903 16,539 19,413 16,959 39,697 39,697 37,643 35,912 37,289 40,575 40,919 40,896 26,538 27,111 26,539 44,502 40,667 43,285 18,441 14,722 17,967 24,840 25,405 24,897 43,060 30,721 39,991 26,890 30,679 29,543 22,412 44,225 38,366
29,314 31,156 30,054 57,385 74,564 58,761 40,178 53,849 40,595 24,439 27,969 24,810 16,759 20,452 17,240 44,204 44,204 37,508 34,462 36,979 40,650 40,893 40,877 28,050 28,375 28,050 31,137 45,936 36,619 19,857 16,752 19,452 25,891 26,286 25,933 43,823 31,242 41,198 27,814 32,791 31,208 22,916 45,216 38,603
22,851 23,199 22,975 55,632 63,133 56,623 35,557 53,887 36,654 20,915 31,529 23,211 15,310 16,410 15,557 29,685 29,685 38,613 39,495 38,936 40,222 41,060 40,999 17,278 17,000 17,278 51,942 36,316 47,504 16,252 11,345 15,650 21,335 22,151 21,400 38,205 29,571 34,496 24,759 26,918 26,346 19,301 41,255 37,529
TABLE 6.7 (CONTD...) AVERAGE EARNING OF HANDLOOM HOUSEHOLDS (RS./ANNUM, 2009-10)
State
Location
All households
55,675 59,442 56,261 39,418 39,418 41,326 54,307 43,973 57,308 45,769 57,208 29,628 34,074 29,782 23,905 25,149 24,327 10,284 11,442 10,701 41,818 49,902 43,921 34,235 34,235 23,700 24,897 24,181 38,237 46,737 38,299 24,061 20,543 22,547 21,866 12,134 18,433 26,589 26,470 26.571 37,167 32,030 36,498
Weaver households
55,672 59,078 56,188 40,024 40,024 41,454 54,425 44,079 57,055 46,739 56,963 30,264 32,416 30,313 24,146 25,565 24,624 10,100 13,007 11,098 41,160 43,376 42,077 34,160 34,160 24,290 25,318 24,707 38,388 48,182 38,450 25,087 20,588 23,218 19,443 12,434 16,153 27,006 26,616 26,934 38,260 33,038 37,704
Allied households
53,927 70,559 64,486 33,094 33,094 31,065 49,051 36,569 57,483 42,636 57,352 26,634 36,104 27,623 22,619 23,329 22,872 10,386 10,673 10,492 42,075 54,444 44,643 21,714 21,714 20,109 22,046 20,841 32,675 37,027 32,902 20,321 20,376 20,347 23,553 11,529 20,729 26,659 26,015 26,588 29,693 27,194 29,300
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
123
TABLE 6.8 AVERAGE EARNING OF HANDLOOM HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS (RS./ANNUM, 2009-10)
State Location Scheduled caste (SCs) Scheduled tribes (STs) Other backward caste (OBCs) Others All households
ANDHRA PRADESH
124
BIHAR
CHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
31,124 28,486 30,312 53,133 58,331 53,645 38,512 45,213 38,719 24,803 28,425 25,382 15,939 20,375 16,344 39,977 39,977 37,413 40,887 37,962 39,875 41,941 41,876 21,166 21,166 25,897 32,680 26,357 15,483 8,597 11,221 25,650 28,859 25,974 44,877 34,559 42,576 28,139 28,559 28,364 15,769 34,194 24,946
32,226 28,212 30,421 57,039 70,219 58,220 36,864 60,218 37,014 21,366 27,392 22,131 18,493 16,900 18,304 39,824 39,824 29,100 22,454 23,039 41,375 36,408 36,572 20,089 17,000 20,080 21,640 22,833 21,667 13,681 9,944 11,153 28,223 26,214 28,128 38,075 21,933 35,874 28,776 30,305 29,503 19,401 46,539 36,533
27,415 29,372 28,151 45,522 55,215 46,620 41,002 54,058 41,199 21,939 30,496 23,472 16,634 19,356 17,076 38,719 38,719 41,115 28,214 39,585 40,187 40,499 40,476 41,499 28,400 41,437 42,985 29,958 41,808 18,437 15,369 18,081 24,371 24,861 24,420 44,140 30,361 40,560 25,132 32,064 30,548 30,534 53,252 47,821
29,906 29,575 29,725 50,547 71,177 54,730 42,428 57,252 42,793 30,953 54,284 32,418 18,767 13,000 17,325 43,585 43,585 41,776 50,960 43,556 43,315 43,745 43,712 25,600 28,333 25,602 47,963 40,981 45,450 27,910 10,656 20,449 28,229 28,516 28,270 33,483 33,355 33,462 26,908 27,569 27,457 21,605 36,396 34,327
27,620 29,380 28,305 55,908 69,158 57,232 40,102 54,453 40,343 22,482 30,741 23,903 16,539 19,413 16,959 39,697 39,697 37,643 35,912 37,289 40,575 40,919 40,896 26,538 27,111 26,539 44,502 40,667 43,285 18,441 14,722 17,967 24,840 25,405 24,897 43,060 30,721 39,991 26,890 30,679 29,543 22,412 44,225 38,366
TABLE 6.8 (CONTD...) AVERAGE EARNING OF HANDLOOM HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS (RS./ANNUM, 2009-10)
State
Location
Scheduled caste (SCs)

55,391 49,670 53,714 35,377 35,377 41,104 45,667 41,297 54,303 65,000 54,403 29,089 22,500 29,068 32,333 32,333 11,317 11,952 11,687 42,652 47,901 43,483 35,326 35,326 20,073 21,268 20,295 37,535 33,684 37,040 15,690 18,546 17,084 24,458 10,541 22,968 26,662 24,951 26,379 33209 29599 32721

53,223 60,158 53,299 39,538 39,538 41,396 54,207 44,005 57,285 45,651 57,183 28,977 22,055 28,821 9,777 12,000 9,782 31,710 65,959 38,747 31,272 31,272 25,368 24,206 25,172 38,222 56,647 38,289 19,810 18,698 19,503 17,953 9,841 16,579 26,834 25,288 26,597 41023 51862 41317
Other backward caste (OBCs)

57,912 58,201 57,961 39,160 39,160 46,276 50,500 46,445 68,157 68,157 29,774 34,546 29,967 23,894 25,149 24,322 9,493 9,151 9,413 41,554 48,104 44,307 41,180 41,180 23,783 24,371 24,018 38,949 40,475 39,000 25,132 20,443 23,133 21,798 12,408 17,529 25,808 28,975 26,349 35391 28646 34146
Others
All households
55,675 59,442 56,261 39,418 39,418 41,326 54,307 43,973 57,308 45,769 57,208 29,628 34,074 29,782 23,905 25,149 24,327 10,284 11,442 10,701 41,818 49,902 43,921 34,235 34,235 23,700 24,897 24,181 38,237 46,737 38,299 24,061 20,543 22,547 21,866 12,134 18,433 26,589 26,470 26,571 37167 32030 36498
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTRAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
55,779 61,412 56,915 50,214 50,214 30,877 60,211 40,454 60,795 50,000 60,754 27,291 27,762 27,306 17,500 17,500 11,630 12,080 11,724 40,266 59,593 44,665 36,072 36,072 23,805 27,082 25,300 36,404 39,811 36,831 23,720 23,709 23,715 21,986 11,256 19,536 26,694 26,653 26,688 37584 36815 37484
125
TABLE 6.9 CONTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM TO TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME (%, 2009-10)

State Location % Share of income from handloom
ANDHRA PRADESH
126
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
62.87 60.06 61.73 6.66 4.89 6.44 20.96 14.52 20.81 65.27 63.37 64.85 96.14 89.68 95.06 79.13 79.13 64.13 65.41 64.38 89.38 88.18 88.26 15.68 26.39 15.70 26.67 47.51 32.88 81.44 98.70 83.24 72.83 79.46 73.52 44.38 37.77 43.12 69.72 65.46 66.63 46.32 43.06 43.58
TABLE 6.9 (CONTD...) CONTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM TO TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME (%, 2009-10)
State
Location
% Share of income from handloom
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
9.42 10.08 9.53 37.39 37.39 9.68 18.98 12.02 20.99 27.72 21.04 75.47 69.26 75.22 77.74 73.63 76.30 83.19 82.14 82.79 20.53 36.30 25.19 19.22 19.22 81.07 77.08 79.42 20.84 23.37 20.86 82.68 88.91 85.13 33.76 81.74 44.90 39.07 59.02 42.05 27.50 50.98 30.18
127
TABLE 6.10 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS SHARE OF HANDLOOM TO TOTAL INCOME (2009-10)
State Location Up to 20% 20-40% 40-60% 60-80% Over 80% All households
ANDHRA PRADESH
128
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
22,511 16,471 38,982 24,894 2,283 27,177 903,696 16,729 920,425 2,295 631 2,926 4 2 6 36 36 149 42 191 4 50 54 5,690 4 5,694 6,424 1,567 7,991 310 0 310 531 31 562 1,096 535 1,631 105 124 229 190 426 616
4,887 3,311 8,198 303 21 324 23,065 321 23,386 1,773 383 2,156 3 7 10 118 118 465 148 613 17 182 199 752 2 754 1,054 722 1,776 327 0 327 2,881 206 3,087 2,895 1,062 3,957 190 486 676 46 297 343
8,912 5,989 14,901 127 2 129 10,425 164 10,589 1,709 355 2,064 34 15 49 165 165 581 115 696 21 335 356 184 0 184 1,578 1,021 2,599 1,034 8 1,042 5,935 483 6,418 2,524 651 3,175 375 1,230 1,605 55 243 298
15,340 8,227 23,567 114 41 155 77,527 696 78,223 1,519 972 2,491 112 37 149 131 131 655 130 785 34 471 505 125 0 125 1,225 306 1,531 1,888 49 1,937 7,955 865 8,820 916 250 1,166 900 2,992 3,892 73 170 243
56,464 34,884 91,348 1,874 684 2,558 205,312 2,882 208,194 13,803 2,045 15,848 2,122 328 2,450 1,425 1,425 1,074 317 1,391 358 4,983 5,341 246 3 249 1,522 1,874 3,396 8,813 1,749 10,562 16,552 2,241 18,793 1,352 409 1,761 1,036 1,253 2,289 167 310 477
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 6.10 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS SHARE OF HANDLOOM TO TOTAL INCOME (2009-10)
State
Location
Up to 20%
20-40%
40-60%
60-80%
Over 80%
All households
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 0 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 0 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
136,691 25,349 162,040 6,612 6,612 29,378 6,877 36,255 36,159 108 36,267 1,892 176 2,068 43 19 62 3 1 4 10,796 2,274 13,070 332 332 2,161 3,912 6,073 100,434 639 101,073 788 177 965 2,301 58 2,359 135,487 12,120 147,607 1,430,976 90,641 1,521,617
11,933 1,995 13,928 401 401 756 170 926 12,686 308 12,994 2,057 190 2,247 51 50 101 1 0 1 2,678 1,112 3,790 106 106 4,769 3,928 8,697 1,539 45 1,584 1,724 613 2,337 578 78 656 50,728 8,065 58,793 128,665 23,820 152,485
1,502 177 1,679 109 109 388 215 603 2,255 102 2,357 3,820 152 3,972 143 69 212 6 0 6 899 353 1,252 27 27 12,257 6,743 19,000 448 16 464 3,848 1,799 5,647 352 191 543 42,279 6,660 48,939 101,827 27,253 129,080
403 114 517 1,235 1,235 257 191 448 2,585 9 2,594 8,057 160 8,217 161 150 311 363 390 753 729 951 1,680 73 73 16,211 9,381 25,592 3,253 35 3,288 11,421 3,669 15,090 743 755 1,498 36,597 6,526 43,123 190,471 37,668 228,139
583 228 811 3,043 3,043 667 600 1,267 6,677 2 6,679 23,441 738 24,179 760 308 1,068 1,148 465 1,613 1,669 1,207 2,876 30 30 77,634 52,073 129,707 14,105 138 14,243 45,175 41,328 86,503 2,891 2,659 5,550 80,660 27,639 108,299 569,178 182,772 751,950
129
TABLE 6.11 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS IN DEBT, PURPOSE AND MAJOR SOURCE OF LOAN (2009-10)
Purpose of loan Handloom Other purposes Both purposes Money lender State Location Number of household in debt
Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total 51,301 32,540 83,841 154 13 167 23,077 1,675 24,752 402 60 462 198 45 243 23 23 128 19 147 2 21 23 78 0 78 1,812 1,971 3,783 25 2 27 8,660 789 9,449 5,103 2,338 7,441 29 27 56 45 93 138
Major source of loan for handloom purpose Commercial bank Cooperative societies Friend/ relatives Traders Master weaver Others
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
130
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Delhi
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
14,805 13,159 27,964 31 0 31 889 191 1,080 151 24 175 9 7 16 17 17 91 7 98 1 2 3 16 0 16 823 703 1,526 9 1 10 3,945 278 4,223 244 40 284 22 6 28 18 29 47
30,094 14,699 44,793 102 11 113 21,763 1,447 23,210 196 29 225 147 23 170 4 4 32 12 44 0 16 16 49 0 49 232 237 469 3 0 3 4,333 490 4,823 4,754 2,282 7,036 4 13 17 25 60 85
6,405 4,682 11,087 21 2 23 441 37 478 55 7 62 42 15 57 0 0 5 0 5 1 3 4 13 0 13 757 1,031 1,788 13 1 14 383 21 404 105 16 121 3 8 11 2 4 6
5,426 2,532 7,958 22 1 23 41 8 49 12 2 14 1 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 15 43 58 2 0 2 199 15 214 39 3 42 0 2 2 0 2 2
11,445 13,459 24,904 11 0 11 19 0 19 23 5 28 15 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,258 1,209 2,467 0 0 0 1,729 114 1,843 3 1 4 0 2 2 0 0 0
1,536 719 2,255 0 0 0 43 0 43 33 1 34 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 275 175 450 0 0 0 90 11 101 2 1 3 0 0 0 2 3 5
668 2,866 250 916 918 3,782 6 5 0 1 6 6 261 626 3 29 264 655 4 112 2 16 6 128 16 11 5 6 21 17 11 2 11 2 14 80 3 4 17 84 0 1 0 2 0 3 6 10 0 0 6 10 8 17 4 55 12 72 1 6 0 0 1 6 1,195 862 69 52 1,264 914 44 208 9 40 53 248 3 18 1 3 4 21 8 10 13 10 21 20
251 43 207 126 73 209 377 116 416 4 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 4 204 5 129 175 1 12 379 6 141 3 2 6 0 1 2 3 3 8 0 5 0 0 9 0 0 14 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 218 24 0 221 25 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 161 12 81 28 5 6 189 17 87 44 3 6 1 0 1 45 3 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 4 1
SHGs
TABLE 6.11 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS IN DEBT, PURPOSE AND MAJOR SOURCE OF LOAN (2009-10)
Purpose of loan Handloom Other purposes Both purposes Money lender State Location Number of household in debt
Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total 1,289 140 1,429 289 289 41 59 100 155 1 156 10,071 274 10,345 319 246 565 1 1 2 600 170 770 9 9 11,364 10,366 21,730 260 37 297 1,166 2,092 3,259 163 20 183 112,693 23,828 136,521 229,434 76,850 306,285
Major source of loan for handloom purpose Commercial bank Cooperative societies Friend/ relatives Traders Master weaver Others
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Orissa
Puducherry
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
All India
182 18 200 14 14 4 6 10 22 1 23 2,863 38 2,901 86 5 91 0 0 0 28 19 47 1 1 3,051 2,391 5,442 44 11 55 236 645 881 21 0 21 11,618 3,520 15,138 39,224 21,118 60,342
654 64 718 272 272 37 52 89 120 0 120 5,659 167 5,826 208 240 448 0 0 0 528 144 672 7 7 7,406 7,210 14,616 199 26 225 655 1,085 1,741 133 13 146 98,113 19,056 117,169 175,725 47,380 223,106
453 58 511 3 3 0 1 1 14 0 14 1,549 69 1,618 25 1 26 1 1 2 44 7 51 1 1 908 766 1,674 17 0 17 222 301 523 9 7 16 2,970 1,252 4,222 14,462 8,290 22,752
194 4 198 1 1 4 0 4 9 0 9 183 8 191 3 0 3 0 0 0 11 1 12 0 0 497 457 954 4 0 4 27 77 104 3 0 3 1,231 235 1,466 7,924 3,393 11,317
111 13 124 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 310 16 326 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 1 6 0 0 1,088 1,271 2,359 4 0 4 168 654 822 4 0 4 3,224 1,586 4,810 19,423 18,332 37,755
117 40 157 2 2 0 0 0 7 0 7 126 1 127 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 255 151 406 3 0 3 103 79 182 0 0 0 235 90 325 2,832 1,273 4,105
12 0 12 1 1 0 3 3 14 0 14 275 3 278 100 3 103 0 0 0 11 2 13 0 0 888 446 1,334 9 0 9 18 9 27 2 0 2 459 131 590 4,023 967 4,990
21 1 22 9 9 0 3 3 2 0 2 2,432 42 2,474 3 3 6 0 0 0 14 15 29 1 1 517 424 941 23 0 23 118 77 195 14 0 14 2,229 609 2,838 10,215 2,310 12,525
18 11 36 9 0 1 27 11 37 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 28 0 0 1 2 0 29 943 14 129 23 0 14 966 14 143 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 1 0 295 325 94 163 175 70 458 500 164 3 0 15 0 0 11 3 0 26 0 13 9 2 43 4 2 56 13 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 2 1,472 2,087 3,655 282 544 1,295 1,754 2,631 4,950 3,404 2,524 4,410 809 1,074 1,652 4,213 3,598 6,062
SHGs
131
TABLE 6.12 DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY MEMBERSHIP OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (2009-10)
State Location Number of households reporting membership in co-operative society
40,699 8,880 49,579 181 3 184 38,605 770 39,375 1,724 252 1,976 1,938 249 2,187 238 238 684 108 792 1 12 13 214 0 214 147 91 238 6,108 728 6,836 20,149 1,595 21,744 7,159 2,688 9,847 917 1,814 2,731 66 167 233
Percentage of households reporting membership in co-operative society

37.6 12.9 28.0 0.7 0.1 0.6 3.2 3.7 3.2 8.2 5.7 7.8 85.2 64.0 82.1 12.7 12.7 23.4 14.4 21.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.1 0 3.1 1.2 1.7 1.4 49.4 40.3 48.2 59.5 41.7 57.7 81.5 92.5 84.2 35.2 29.8 31.4 12.4 11.5 11.8
ANDHRA PRADESH
132
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
TABLE 6.12 (CONTD...) DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY MEMBERSHIP OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (2009-10)
State Location Number of households reporting membership in co-operative society
342 229 571 1,216 1,216 309 132 441 204 2 206 19,036 625 19,661 979 536 1,515 1 0 1 736 395 1,131 8 8 46,700 28,914 75,614 3,872 120 3,992 5,944 2,483 8,427 949 1,249 2,198 18,415 4,331 22,746 217,303 56,611 273,914
Percentage of households reporting membership in co-operative society

0.2 0.8 0.3 10.7 10.7 1.0 1.6 1.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 48.5 44.1 48.3 84.5 89.9 86.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.4 6.7 5.0 1.4 1.4 41.3 38.0 40.0 3.2 13.7 3.3 9.4 5.2 7.6 13.8 33.4 20.7 5.3 7.1 5.6 9.0 15.6 9.8
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
133
TABLE 6.13 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING WHETHER THEIR CHILDREN INTERESTED IN TAKING UP HANDLOOM AS PROFESSION (2009-10)
State Location Yes No Don't know Not applicaple Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
134
BIHAR
CHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
11,517 7,744 19,261 6,226 179 6,405 458,750 7,828 466,578 5,145 949 6,094 1,204 104 1,308 187 187 1,246 271 1,517 19 489 508 1,594 2 1,596 432 775 1,207 2,444 929 3,373 6,500 723 7,223 326 17 343 486 1,936 2,422 138 220 358
53,549 30,332 83,881 4,267 428 4,695 222,235 2,727 224,962 9,335 2,367 11,702 139 118 257 1,319 1,319 830 285 1,115 146 2,128 2,274 3,187 3 3,190 5,284 3,558 8,842 4,166 748 4,914 11,409 1,418 12,827 3,973 1,109 5,082 868 1,452 2,320 365 1,000 1,365
33,086 23,891 56,977 14,207 2,264 16,471 374,173 7,611 381,784 5,956 949 6,905 677 128 805 288 288 598 165 763 190 2,435 2,625 1,475 2 1,477 5,532 836 6,368 5,609 127 5,736 13,234 1,202 14,436 3,063 324 3,387 879 2,442 3,321 27 165 192
9,962 6,915 16,877 2,612 160 2,772 164,867 2,626 167,493 663 121 784 255 39 294 81 81 250 31 281 79 969 1,048 741 2 743 555 321 876 153 2 155 2,711 483 3,194 1,421 1,457 2,878 373 255 628 1 61 62
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
TABLE 6.13 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING WHETHER THEIR CHILDREN INTERESTED IN TAKING UP HANDLOOM AS PROFESSION (2009-10)
State Location Yes No Don't know Not applicaple Total
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTRAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
11,725 1,838 13,563 3,162 3,162 2,552 997 3,549 3,671 2 3,673 27,537 1,075 28,612 130 43 173 0 1 1 1,362 488 1,850 9 9 10,461 6,882 17,343 19,095 101 19,196 13,400 12,777 26,177 1,017 238 1,255 59,016 7,575 66,591 649,164 54,370 703,534
32,838 6,790 39,628 4,135 4,135 3,644 1,162 4,806 6,046 7 6,053 3,624 180 3,804 764 365 1,129 1,255 838 2,093 7,455 1,737 9,192 138 138 64,056 43,638 107,694 8,497 98 8,595 21,377 13,699 35,076 2,580 1,478 4,058 69,273 17,105 86,378 545,435 136,089 681,524
62,030 10,266 72,296 3,034 3,034 19,337 4,503 23,840 42,198 378 42,576 6,976 121 7,097 228 169 397 254 10 264 6,793 2,911 9,704 349 349 30,076 18,304 48,380 77,274 567 77,841 24,241 18,062 42,303 2,433 1,457 3,890 140,148 19,257 159,405 874,077 118,834 992,911
44,519 8,969 53,488 1,069 1,069 5,913 1,391 7,304 8,447 142 8,589 1,130 40 1,170 36 19 55 12 7 19 1,161 761 1,922 72 72 8,439 7,213 15,652 14,913 107 15,020 3,938 3,048 6,986 835 568 1,403 77,314 17,073 94,387 352,441 52,861 405,302
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
135
TABLE 6.14 NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING THREAT FROM MILL/ POWERLOOM SECTOR (2009-10)
State Location High Moderate No threat Don't know Total
ANDHRA PRADESH
136
BIHAR
CHHATTISGARH
DELHI
GUJARAT
HARYANA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
KERALA
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
91,264 58,475 149,739 849 22 871 22,324 975 23,299 12,630 1,701 14,331 76 172 248 203 203 1,218 282 1,500 150 2,467 2,617 544 0 544 5,495 2,335 7,830 5,745 953 6,698 11,400 1,058 12,458 4,847 2,172 7,019 270 448 718 143 696 839
10,059 4,748 14,807 3,393 374 3,767 165,569 2,185 167,754 4,128 694 4,822 481 45 526 663 663 1,107 199 1,306 196 2,236 2,432 1,199 0 1,199 2,304 2,233 4,537 3,085 410 3,495 13,422 1,867 15,289 1,990 351 2,341 611 1,203 1,814 219 389 608
3,248 3,004 6,252 13,269 997 14,266 813,079 15,332 828,411 1,733 1,773 3,506 646 75 721 345 345 540 239 779 82 525 607 2,838 5 2,843 1,592 569 2,161 2,149 368 2,517 5,166 535 5,701 1,404 38 1,442 1,294 3,626 4,920 87 105 192
3,543 2,655 6,198 9,801 1,638 11,439 219,053 2,300 221,353 2,608 218 2,826 1,072 97 1,169 664 664 59 32 91 6 793 799 2,416 4 2,420 2,412 353 2,765 1,393 75 1,468 3,866 366 4,232 542 346 888 431 808 1,239 82 256 338
108,114 68,882 176,996 27,312 3,031 30,343 1,220,025 20,792 1,240,817 21,099 4,386 25,485 2,275 389 2,664 1,875 1,875 2,924 752 3,676 434 6,021 6,455 6,997 9 7,006 11,803 5,490 17,293 12,372 1,806 14,178 33,854 3,826 37,680 8,783 2,907 11,690 2,606 6,085 8,691 531 1,446 1,977
139
Annexure III
Household Questionnaire
140
CONFIDENTIAL
Form Serial No.
Third National Census of Handloom Weavers and Issue of Photo Identity Cards to Weavers and Allied Workers (2009-10)
141
Household Schedule
Sponsored by
Development Commissioner Office of the Development Commissioner for Handlooms Ministry of Textile
Government of India
Form Serial No.

Third National Census of Handloom Weavers and Issue of Photo Identity Cards to Weavers and Allied Workers (2009-10) HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE 1. Information about the head of the household 1.1 Name of head of household 1.2 Sex (Male-1, Female-2) 1.3 Age (years) 1.4 Level of education (Never attended school-1; Below primary-2; Primary -3; Middle -4; High school/secondary-5; Higher secondary-6; Graduate & above-7; Others -8) 1.5 Did head of the household/unit engage in handloom related activities during last one year? (Yes - 1; No - 2) Household Particulars 2.1 Rural -1/Urban - 2 2.2 House No. / Street / Mohalla 2.3 Village /Urban locality 2.4 Town / City / Block 2.5 District 2.6 State 2.7 Pin Code Status of weavers household 3.1 Type of household: Own and operate looms in their own house - 1; Own and operate looms at a place other than his residence - 2; Don't own looms but engage in weaving activities (WITH loom placed in premise) - 3 Don't own looms but in weaving activities (WITHOUT loom placed in premise) - 4 Don't own looms but engaged in allied activities - 5 Own looms and did not operate during last year - 6 Own looms and did not operate during last year but engaged in weaving & allied activity-7 3.2. Did household engage hired labour in handloom related activities? (Yes - 1; No - 2) If yes, number of hired labour employed in weaving and allied activities during last one year. 3.3. Specify number of family members employed as hired labour in handloom activities last year, if any. General characteristics of weaver household 4.1 Household size: Total Male (14 & above) Female (14 & above) Children (below 14 years) 4.2 Social group (Scheduled Caste-1; Scheduled Tribe-2; Other Backward Caste-3; Others-4) 4.3 Religion (Hindu-1; Muslim -2; Sikh -3; Christian-4; Buddhist-5; Others-6) 4.4 Type of ration card owned by the household (Antodaya -1; BPL - 2; APL - 3; No card - 4) 4.5 Ownership of dwelling (Own - 1; Rented -2; Others -9) 4.6 Type of dwelling (Kuchha-1; Semi Pucca-2; Pucca-3) 4.7 Annual household income (Rs.) 4.7a. From all sources 4.7 b. From Handloom activities 4.8 Annual household consumption expenditure (both food and non-food in Rs)
2.
142
3.
4.
4.9 Does household has any loan/debt at present? (Yes-1; No-2) [If No, go to Q. 5] 4.9a. Purpose of loan/debt (Handloom-1; Other purposes-2; Both-3) 4.9b. Major source of loan/debt for handloom purpose (Money lender-1; Master weaver -2; Friend/relatives -3; Co-operative societies-4; Commercial bank - 5; SHG-6, Traders-7; Others -8) 4.9c. Major source of loan/debt for other purposes (Money lender-1; Master weaver -2; Friend/relatives -3; Co-operative societies-4; Commercial bank - 5; SHG-6, Traders-7; Others -8) 5.1 Information about looms Type of looms Pit loom with Dobby/Jacquard Other Pit looms Frame looms Frame loom with Dobby/Jacquard Other Frame looms Pedal looms Loin looms Others Total Number of looms owned (out of total) Pit looms
Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 X X
Number of working looms
Number of idle looms
Type of usage (Code)
143
X X
Code: Type of usage: Domestic-1; Commercial-2; Both-3; Not applicable-9 5.2 Number of working looms by type of yarn used: (a) Mill spun yarn (b) Hand spun Yarn 6. Information on production, inputs and sale 6.1. Provide information of THREE major fabric produced and yarn used in the production during last one year Name of Fabric and its code Gamchas / Angavastram Mekhla/Chaddar 19
Dress Material
Towel/Napkin
Bed-Sheets
Furnishings
Long Cloth
Bandage
Shirting
Blanket
Shawls
Durries
Sarong
Suiting
01
02 03
04 05 06
07 08
09 10
11 12 13
14
15 16
17 18
Yarn used (Code)

*Code: Type of Yarn used - Cotton-(1-20)-01; Cotton-(21-40)-02; Cotton-(41-80)-03; Cotton-(above 80)-04; Viscose & blends-05; Muga silk -06; Eri silk -07; Mulberry silk -08; Other silk -09; Wool -10; Zari-11; Polyester & blends-12; Jute-13; Others-14.
6.2. Major source of input: Hank yarn Dyes and chemicals Dyed Yarn (Open market-1; Master weavers-2; Cooperative society-3; National/State Handloom Development Corporation-4; KVIC/KVIB-5; Trader-6; Others-7; Not applicable-8) 6.3. Where do you sell major products? (Local Market-1; Master weaver-2; Co-operative society-3; Organised fairs/exhibition-4; Mela-5; Trader-6; Export-7; Others-8; Not applicable-9)
Others 20
Duster
Saree
Lungi
Dhoti
Loi
6.4. Average production per weaver per day (meter) 6.5. Average consumption of yarn per weaver per day (Kg.)
Mt . Kg .
cms gms
7. Miscellaneous 7.1. Are you or any member of your household a member of any co-operative society dealing with handloom activities? (Yes-1; No-2) 7.2. Do you think your children are interested in taking up Handloom related activities/weaving as a profession? (Yes-1; No-2; Don't know-3; Not applicable-9) 7.3. Do you feel there is a threat from Mills/Power looms to Handloom? (High-1; Moderate-2; No threat-3; Don't know-4) 8. Are you or any member of the household is aware/benefited from any of the following schemes? Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Schemes Purchase of handloom/accessories Margin Money for Working Capital Exhibitions (District level/ State level/ National level) Yarn Supply through NHDC Workshed Health Insurance scheme (ICICI) Life Insurance Scheme (LIC) Marketing Incentives/Rebate Scheme Handloom Mark Aware (Yes-1, No-2) Benefited (Yes-1, No-2, NA-3)
144
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Form Serial No. 9. Profile of Family Members engaged in weaving and allied activities during last one year: 9.1 Number of family members engaged in weaving and allied activities (all ages) Family members engaged in weaving & allied activities Male Total members (All ages) Members aged 18 years & above Members aged 14 to <18 years
Female
9.2 Profile of Family Members engaged in weaving and allied activities during last one year (18 years & above) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------Member ID Name Father's/Husband name Age (years) Sex (Male-1, Female-2) Level of education (code)* Type of handloom work@ Number of days worked in handloom related activity during last one year Nature of engagement (Full time -1, Part time -2) Employment status (code)# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------* Education (Code): Never attended School-1; Below primary-2; Primary -3; Middle -4; High School/Secondary-5; Higher Secondary-6; Graduate & above-7; Other -8. @ Type of handloom work (Code): Weaving-1, Allied activities (Dyeing of yarn-, Warping/ winding, Weft winding, sizing, testing etc) - 2; Post loom activities (Dyeing of fabric/calendaring/printing of fabric, Made ups, etc)- 3. # Employment status (Code): Independent-1; Under master weaver-2; Under State Handloom Development Corporation-3; Under Khadi & Village Industries Commision/boards-4; Under co-operative society-5; Under private owners-6.
145
Annexure IV
Specimen Photo Identity Cards
146
TABLE 6.14 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING THREAT FROM MILL/ POWERLOOM SECTOR (2009-10)
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,065 288 1,353 173 173 3,079 1,031 4,110 166 1 167 23,327 730 24,057 448 406 854 0 0 0 5,254 1,746 7,000 6 6 50,102 37,810 87,912 6,326 105 6,431 18,428 19,030 37,458 2,482 87 2,569 52,819 12,955 65,774 320,630 146,148 466,778
15,320 2,398 17,718 1,987 1,987 6,153 1,986 8,139 12,424 37 12,461 12,224 497 12,721 283 15 298 0 0 0 4,819 1,497 6,316 100 100 18,010 8,916 26,926 18,275 121 18,396 23,714 17,677 41,391 1,794 1,768 3,562 69,896 15,142 85,038 392,762 67,651 460,413
93,666 17,183 110,849 8,097 8,097 11,681 2,046 13,727 26,956 171 27,127 1,853 83 1,936 310 165 475 30 5 35 1,890 415 2,305 295 295 31,966 19,920 51,886 29,193 214 29,407 15,478 5,697 21,175 671 749 1,420 68,316 14,021 82,337 1,137,529 88,205 1,225,734
41,061 7,994 49,055 1,143 1,143 10,533 2,990 13,523 20,816 320 21,136 1,863 106 1,969 117 10 127 1,491 851 2,342 4,808 2,239 7,047 167 167 12,954 9,391 22,345 65,985 433 66,418 5,336 5,182 10,518 1,918 1,137 3,055 154,720 18,892 173,612 570,196 60,150 630,346
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
137
138
147
TABLE 6.14 (CONTD...) NUMBER OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS REPORTING THREAT FROM MILL/ POWERLOOM SECTOR (2009-10)
MANIPUR
MEGHALAYA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
ORISSA
PUDUCHERRY
PUNJAB
RAJASTHAN
SIKKIM
TAMIL NADU
TRIPURA
UTTAR PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
WEST BENGAL
ALL INDIA
1,065 288 1,353 173 173 3,079 1,031 4,110 166 1 167 23,327 730 24,057 448 406 854 0 0 0 5,254 1,746 7,000 6 6 50,102 37,810 87,912 6,326 105 6,431 18,428 19,030 37,458 2,482 87 2,569 52,819 12,955 65,774 320,630 146,148 466,778
15,320 2,398 17,718 1,987 1,987 6,153 1,986 8,139 12,424 37 12,461 12,224 497 12,721 283 15 298 0 0 0 4,819 1,497 6,316 100 100 18,010 8,916 26,926 18,275 121 18,396 23,714 17,677 41,391 1,794 1,768 3,562 69,896 15,142 85,038 392,762 67,651 460,413
93,666 17,183 110,849 8,097 8,097 11,681 2,046 13,727 26,956 171 27,127 1,853 83 1,936 310 165 475 30 5 35 1,890 415 2,305 295 295 31,966 19,920 51,886 29,193 214 29,407 15,478 5,697 21,175 671 749 1,420 68,316 14,021 82,337 1,137,529 88,205 1,225,734
41,061 7,994 49,055 1,143 1,143 10,533 2,990 13,523 20,816 320 21,136 1,863 106 1,969 117 10 127 1,491 851 2,342 4,808 2,239 7,047 167 167 12,954 9,391 22,345 65,985 433 66,418 5,336 5,182 10,518 1,918 1,137 3,055 154,720 18,892 173,612 570,196 60,150 630,346
151,112 27,863 178,975 11,400 11,400 31,446 8,053 39,499 60,362 529 60,891 39,267 1,416 40,683 1,158 596 1,754 1,521 856 2,377 16,771 5,897 22,668 568 568 113,032 76,037 189,069 119,779 873 120,652 62,956 47,586 110,542 6,865 3,741 10,606 345,751 61,010 406,761 2,421,117 362,154 2,783,271
137
138
147
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The National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) was founded in 1956 as an independent institution, run by its Governing Body, to give support to both the government and the private sector in empirical economic research. The bulk of the Council's revenue comes from studies done on contract for clients in Central and State governments, the development community, and the private sector. The NCAER's work programme is currently divided into five board research groupings. Agriculture, Rural Development, and resource Management Poverty, Human Development, and Gender Industry, Science and Technology, and Infrastructure Growth, Trade, and Economic Adjustment Survey and General Economics Aboard theme that permeates the Council's current research activities is the progress of India's economic reform programme and its impact on agriculture, industry, and human development. The Governing Body, headed by the Council's President, is elected by the members, and includes prominent persons from government, industry, and academia. The Chief Executive of the Council is its Director-General, and its members include state governments, public sector corporations, corporate houses, and other associations and institutions.
About NCAER-CMCR (www.ncaer-cmcr.org)

The NCAER Centre for Macro Consumer Research (NCAERCMCR) at National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) aims to build and disseminate seminal knowledge on the Indian consumer economy as an aid to business strategy and public policy development. The Centre would leverage and build on the excellent and widely acclaimed work already being done in this arena for last two decades by NCAER". Some of the landmark publications include The Great Indian Middle Class (NCAER and Business Standard, 2004), The Great Indian Market (NCAER and Business Standard, 2004) and The Next Urban Frontier: Twenty Cities to Watch (NCAER and FCH, 2008), and How India Earns, Spends and Saves: Unmasking the Real India (Sage, 2010). The Centre would receive guidance from its Supervisory Board chaired by Ms. Rama Bijapurkar, author of "We are like that only - Understanding the Logic of Consumer India" as its first non-executive chairperson. The first nucleus members of the Centre includes ICICI, Hindustan Unilever, McKinsey and Company, Nokia, Maruti and MasterCard Worldwide, all of whom are companies well known for their understanding of the Indian consumer and consumer markets, as well as for their contributions to knowledge and to capacity building. Our goal is to make the Centre an important and vibrant resource for scholars, academicians, market analysts and corporations from round the world.

Handloom Census Report in India

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Handloom Census Report in India

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THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

Handloom Census of India 2009-10

Sponsored by Development Commissioner (Handlooms) Ministry of Textiles Government of India

National Council of Applied Economic Research

National Council of Applied Economic Research

Printed at Cirrus Graphics Private Limited, New Delhi 110 028

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

MINISTRY OF TEXTILES GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 110 011

New Delhi December 23, 2010

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

MINISTRY OF TEXTILES GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 110 011

New Delhi December 23, 2010

MINISTRY OF TEXTILES GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 110 011

New Delhi December 23, 2010

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

MINISTRY OF TEXTILES GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 110 011

New Delhi December 23, 2010

New Delhi December 23, 2010

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

New Delhi December 23, 2010

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

LIST OF ANNEXURE II TABLES

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

A2: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY SOCIAL GROUPS

A3: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY RELIGION

2,160,491 418,528 164,878 1,962 24,676 12,736 2,783,271

A4: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE OF LOOM

A5: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY POSSESSION OF LOOM

1,852,106 931,165 2,783,271

A6: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF RATION CARD

A7: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF DWELLING UNIT

1,518,632 855,578 409,061 2,783,271

A8: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS BY OWNERSHIP OF DWELLING UNIT

2,530,697 145,287 107,287 2,783,271

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

B. HANDLOOM WORK FORCE

B1: DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL HANDLOOM WORKERS BY AGE GROUPS

B2: WORK PARTICIPATION RATE - TOTAL WORKERS

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

C. NUMBER OF LOOMS C1: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY WORKING STATUS

C2: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY TYPE

C3: DISTRIBUTION OF LOOMS BY PURPOSE OF USAGE

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

A caste-wise breakup yields that about 10

COMPARISON OF HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SECOND AND THIRD HANDLOOM CENSUS

Total handloom workers

Adult (18 years and above) handloom workers

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

allied worker, the corresponding figure is 217 days.

Number and type of looms

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

Objectives of Third Handloom Census

Target population and eligibility for inclusion under 2010 Census

Geographical coverage and defining the 'Census' methodology

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

Data collection and finalisation

Limitations of the Census

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

OTHER FRAME LOOM

THIRD NATIONAL HANDLOOM CENSUS OF WEAVERS AND ALLIED WORKERS 2010

FIGURE 3.1: DISTRIBUTION OF HANDLOOM WORKER HOUSEHOLDS

Distribution of handloom worker households by social groups