Roles of government bodies

Introduction to Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage, Module 4.4

Dr. Richard Johnston
Profit maximizing businesses
Social businesses
Not-for-profit organizations

Role of government?



Introduction

Introduction to HWTS| 2

By 2015, 30 countries will have
established national policies and/or
regulations regarding household water
treatment and safe storage and point of
use water treatment;
On track (2012), 8 countries had targets, 22+ had
policies

By 2020, 50 countries have achieved
country-wide scale up of project-based
HWTS.


International Network targets
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Multiple sectors
Health, Water, Environment
Ministry of Rural Development
Ministry of Education
Bureaus of Standards

Multiple levels
National
Regional
District
Local
Municipal
Which government?
Source: WHO/HSE/WSH/12.07 Status of National
Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Policies in
Selected Countries
Introduction to HWTS| 4
Respect
Protect
Fulfill
Facilitate
Promote
Provide


Human right to (safe) water
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Access to information
Make itself aware of research on HWTS and
links with health
Assess existing water situation to see if people
could benefit from HWTS
National health and water coverage statistics




Facilitate
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Assist, coordinate, monitor and
evaluate the efforts of all
stakeholders
Survey of HWTS activities and stakeholders
Support local universities and research
institutions
Host sector forums

Monitoring and evaluation





Facilitate
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Credit: Ryan Rowe
Allocate funding, including for non-
branded communication strategy

Develop plans for piloting, assessing
and scaling up HWTS
A range of options should be available.

Develop policies on how HWTS
should relate to other health or
development priorities



Promote
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Possible role of subsidy
Subsidize products (for poor?)
Subsidize promotion and distribution
Relax import duties

Build capacity to support HWTS
implementation at different levels.

Provide
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Background and Rationale
Assessment and diagnosis
Literature review

Purpose, Guiding Principles
Health focus: reduce disease
Target vulnerable groups (greatest gains)
Confirm complementarity with water supply
Goal
By XXXX, YY% of the population who do not
yet have access to safe piped-in other supplies
will be consistently practicing effective HWTS
methods in a manner that renders the water
they use in compliance with national standards.

Strategies and Action Items

Responsibilities

A Framework for National Action Planning
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High mortality from diarrheoa
High use of unsafe drinking-water

HWTS aligned with government
policies, but no coordination

Feb 2009: International Conference
Led by representatives from Ministries
Supported by International Network,
WHO, UNICEF, PSI
Preparatory work


Tanzania: Getting started
Tanzania
83.7
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10.0
100.0
1000.0
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Year
Total
improved
Piped onto
premises
Other
improved
Other
unimproved
Surface
water
1990 46% 0% 46% 30% 24%
1995 46% 1% 45% 30% 24%
2000 45% 2% 43% 32% 23%
2005 45% 3% 42% 32% 23%
2010 44% 4% 40% 33% 23%
2012 44% 4% 40% 33% 23%
Estimated coverage 2014 update
Introduction to HWTS| 11
Bagomoyo, Tanzania, February 2009
108 Participants

Credit: Government of Tanzania, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
Objectives
To learn from international experiences
Strengthen national initiatives on
expanding HWTS
Develop and strengthen national and
international partnerships
Share experience and document the
different programmes taking place within
and outside the country



Tanzania: Stakeholder workshop
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15 Action Points
5 Recommendations
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare should
develop a National Action Plan and Strategy
MOHSW should strengthen international
partnerships
Governments, partners and stakeholders
should allocate funds
Government should strengthen evidence base
through M&E, develop standards
Government should develop and strengthen
coordination and networking
Other regional workshops
Tanzania: Recommendations
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Item Details
National
vision and
goal/target
To have communities accessing safe drinking-water at the household level.
To increase by 20% the usage of acceptable HWTS by 2016.
HWTS in
National
Policies
-National Health Policy
-Health Sector Strategic Plan III
-Environmental health, hygiene and sanitation strategy
Actions to
achieve
goal
-Establish support system for HWTS
-Strengthen coordination
-Increase access to HWTS
-Create awareness
-Mobilize resources
-Monitor and evaluation

Comprehensive country plan for scaling-up HWTS 2011-2016

Tanzania: Strategy and Plan
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Secure political support, resources
Coordinate and lead
Adequate financing

Implementation of measures
Build awareness, capacity

Monitoring and evaluation
Non-discrimination
Participation and transparency

Implementing national strategy, action plan
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http://www.who.int/household_water/resources
Source: WHO/HSE/WSH/12.07 Status of National
Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Policies in
Selected Countries
Introduction to HWTS| 16
Respect, Protect, Fulfill
Facilitate
Collect and manage information
Coordinate stakeholders
Promote
Establish policies and strategies, action plans
Endorse HWTS
Cnduct public health campaigns
Provide
Especially for vulnerable groups

Summary
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