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Computer Architecture
Ch1 Introduction
Nguy n Qu c nh, FIT IUH
HCMC, Apr 21!
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In"orm#tion

Me $ Nguy n Qu c nh

Cont#ct me %i# n&dinh'iuh(edu(%n

)ite* http+*,,+ite+(goog-e(com,+ite,n&dinhddt,

.o/n-o#d -ecture +-ide+

Ne/+

0""ice hour+* H2(1, 1#m 11#m Mond#y(

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2e#ding

Te3t4oo5 6mu+t h#%e7*

Andre/ )( T#nen4#um, Structured

Computer Organization 68th 9dition7,
:rentice H#--, 2;

More

<ohn =( Henne++y, #nd .#%id A( :#tter+on,

Computer Architecture : A Quantitative
Approach 68th 9dition7, The Morg#n
>#u"m#nn )erie+ in Computer Architecture
#nd .e+ign, 211
4
Tent#ti%e topic+
1( Introduction 6Ch#pter 17
2( 0%er%ie/ o" computer +y+tem+ org#ni?#tion 6Ch#pter 27
@( The digit#- -ogic -e%e- 6Ch#pter @7
!( The in+truction +et #rchitecture -e%e- 6Ch#pter 87
8( A++em4-y -#ngu#ge* -in5ing #nd -o#ding m#cro+
6Ch#pter A7
;( Ad%#nced computer #rchitecture+ 6Ch#pter B7
5
Cour+e Co#-+
6
Computer )tructure
Coordination many levels of abstraction
Copied "rom UC Der5e-ey C);1C
7
=e%e-+ o" A4+tr#ction

App-ic#tion

High =e%e- =#ngu#ge+

A++em4-y -#ngu#ge

Architecture

C#te$-e%e- -ogic

9-ectronic+

)emiconductor

2e#- /or-d o" phy+ic+

Cr#dy Dooch et #-, 04Eect oriented #n#-y+i+ #nd de+ign
/ith #pp-ic#tion+, Addi+on Fe+-ey, 2A
8
=e%e- o" 2epre+ent#tion
Copied "rom UC Der5e-ey C);1C
9
Cour+e Co#-+

=e#rn to thin5 #4out the m#chine "rom the

I)A -e%e-

A++em4-y -#ngu#ge -e%e-

=ogic -e%e-

Under+t#nd re-#tion+hip+ #nd inter#ction+

4et/een -e%e-+

De #4-e to under+t#nd 5ey computer

org#ni?#tion concept+(
10
Cour+e Co#-+ 6contGd7

Ho/ to #++em4-e # :CH Doring

:icture "rom inte--igenceunited(com
11
M#chine #nd A++em4-y =#ngu#ge
MC;B A++em4-y
=#ngu#ge
M#chine =#ngu#ge
M0I9(F .!, .8 11 11 1
A..I(F J1, .2 1 1 1
11
0p Code .#t# reg( J8 .#t# reg( J!
0p Code
12
Fho U+e+ A)M =#ngu#geH

M#chine de+igner+

Imp-ement #nd tr#deo""+ o" in+truction "unction#-ity

Compi-er /riter+

Cener#te m#chine -#ngu#ge "rom # H==

The /riter o" time or +p#ce critic#- code

:er"orm#nce go#-+ m#y "orce progr#m +peci"ic

optimi?#tion+ o" the #++em4-y -#ngu#ge 6e(g( .):,
encryption7

9m4edded proce++or progr#mmer+

I,0 de%ice+
14
ArchitectureG+ Iie/

Function#- 4ui-ding 4-oc5+ #nd their

interconnection+

I)A 6inter"#ce7

C:U #nd memory

Du+e+

Too-+

Denchm#r5 progr#m+

)imu-#tor+, emu-#tor+

2egi+ter tr#n+"er not#tion

15
=ogic

Computer #ided de+ign too-+

=ogic de+ign #nd +imu-#tion p#c5#ge+

:rinted circuit -#yout too-+

IC 6integr#ted circuit7 de+ign #nd -#yout too-+

=ogic #n#-y?er+ #nd o+ci--o+cope+

H#rd/#re de%e-opment +y+tem

16
Imp-ement#tion .om#in

Fe-- de"ined 4ui-ding 4-oc5+ #re u+ed repe#ted-y

17
=e%e-+ o" A4+tr#ction 6#g#in7

App-ic#tion

High =e%e- =#ngu#ge+

A++em4-y -#ngu#ge

Architecture

C#te$-e%e- -ogic

9-ectronic+

)emiconductor

2e#- /or-d o" phy+ic+

Cr#dy Dooch et #-, 04Eect oriented #n#-y+i+ #nd de+ign
/ith #pp-ic#tion+, Addi+on Fe+-ey, 2A
18
A 4rie" o%er%ie/ o"
computer hi+tory
19
Computer Cener#tion+

Keroth* Mech#nic#- Computer+ 61;!2

11!87

Fir+t* I#cuum Tu4e+ 611!8 11887

)econd* Tr#n+i+tor+ 61188 11;87

Third* Integr#ted Circuit+ 611;8 11B7

Fourth* Iery =#rge )c#-e Integr#tion 611B

H7
Expensive, large,
unreliable
Cheaper, smaller,
reliable
20
Computer Cener#tion+
21
I#cuum Tu4e 6!8$887

9NIAC 6FFII7

9c5hert #nd M#uch-y

6U:enn7

1B, %#cuum tu4e+,

18 e-ectronic re-#y+

h#rd/ired progr#m+

)tored progr#m concept

Ion Neum#nn

No 0), no progr#mming
-#ngu#ge
9.)AC, Uni%er+ity o" C#m4ridge, U>, 11!1
22
Tr#n+i+tor 688$;87

1,1 +i?e o" %#cuum tu4e

=o/er oper#ting temper#ture

L -onger -i"e

:rogr#mming /ith A)M,

Fortr#n, Co4o-
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IC 6;8$B7

>i-4y o" Te3#+ In+trument+

Ide# to 4ui-d entire circuit+

on +emiconducting m#teri#-

1 1, component+
per chip

Computer+ 4ec#me +m#--er

:rogr#mming /ith A-go-,

:#+c#-, C(

Uni3 4orn
24
I=)I #nd U-tr# I=)I

Mi--ion to tri--ion
tr#n+i+tor+ in one chip

)oC
25
Ne3t gener#tionH

In%i+i4-e computer+

U4i&uitou+ computing

:er%er+i%e computing

Computer e%ery/here
:icture "rom &u#ntumcinem#(4-og+pot(com
26
C-#++e+ o" Computing

.e+5top

2e&* =o/ co+t, high per"orm#nce

)er%er

2e&* )t#4-e #nd +#"ety

)uper computer

2e&* High per"orm#nce

9m4edded :roce++or

2e&* %#riety 6per"orm#nce, co+t, con+uming

energy, re+i+t#nce to "#i-ure M7
27
Ne3t (((

Cener#- purpo+e computer

2e#d Ch#pter II NNcomputer +y+tem

org#ni?#tionOO
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Copyright note

)ome +-ide+ #re #d#pted "rom .r( Miche-e Co,

Uni%er+ity o" Iirgini#(

Content+ t#5en "rom Andre/ )( T#nen4#um(

)tructured Computer 0rg#ni?#tion, 8th(