Domain Ontology of the Roman

Artifacts found in the TomisFortress

Outline Outline
Ontologies
DOLCE+D&S Ontology
Methodology
Domain and Scope of Ontology
Concepts Intension
Knowledge about Concepts
Taxonomies
Ontological Relations
Ontological Axioms
Ontology Translation into OWL DL and SWRL
Ontology Verification and Validation
Future Work
Ontologies Ontologies
N. Guarino: An ontology is a logical theory
accounting for the intended meaning of a formal
vocabulary, i.e. its ontological commitment to a
particular conceptualization of the world *
Types of ontologies:
top-level: DOLCE, SUMO, BFO, CYC, GFO
domain: history, medicine, engineering
task
application
Languages: First Order Logic, OWL
Tools: Protg, SemanticWorks, RacerPro
* Guarino, N., Formal Ontologyand Information System, In Proceedings of FOIS'98, Trento, Italy, IOS Press, 1998
DOLCE+D&S Ontology DOLCE+D&S Ontology
Particular
PT
Perdurant
PD
Quality
Q
Abstract
AB
Feature F
Physical Object POB
Agentive Physical Object
APO
Non-agentive physical
Object NAPO
Nonphysical Object
NPOB
Mental Object MOB
Social Object SOB
Agentive Social Object
ASO
Non-agentive Social Object NASO
Social Agent SAG
Society SC
Arbitrary Sum AS
Event EV
Achievement ACH
Accomplishment ACC
Stative STV
Process PRO
State ST
Temporal Quality TQ
Physical Quality PQ
Abstract Quality AQ
Set
Temporal Location TL
Spatial Location SL
Region R
Temporal Region TR Time Interval T
Endurant
ED
Physical Region PR
Abstract Region AR
Spatial Region S
Fact
Amount of matter M Physical Endurant
PED
Nonphysical Endurant
NPED
Description
Situation
Concept Course
Role
Parameter
Used Methodology Used Methodology
The methodology used in creating ontology
consider the next steps:
1. determine the domain and scope of the
ontology*
2. consider reusing existing ontologies*
3. enumerate important terms in the ontology*
4. express knowledge using informal statements
5. define the classes and the class hierarchy*
6. define the properties and relations of classes*
7. write additional constraints
8. create instances*
* N.F. Noy, D. McGuinness, A Guide to buildingontologies:Ontology Development 101. A Guide to CreatingYour First
Ontology, March, 2001 at http://www.ksl.stanford.edu/people/dlm/papers/ontology101/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html
Domain and Scope of Ontology Domain and Scope of Ontology
Theontologymodels theromanepochof
the Tomis fortress-Constanta, Romania,
between the years 46 A.C. and 610 A.C.
andthefoundedobjectsfromthat period.
We consider ships, vessels, constructions
types, pieces, as well as clothing
accessories and armament elements of
theromanfighters.
Concepts Intension Concepts Intension
Concept
Name
Intension
amphora Greek vessel of conic or cylindrical shape, with round or sharp
bottom, narrowneck andtwo symmetrical handles;madeof wood
or ground; used for hold liquids (oil or wine), solid matters, or for
decoration.
chiton Classical Greek piece of garment consists of a rectangle piece of
cloth, which was draped around the body and caught by an edge
and shoulders with fibula.
tiara A crown-like jeweled headdress
trirema Bigdimensions warship, whose propulsive power was provided by
three rows oars. These ships were preeminently used in the II-III
centuriesB.C.
crater Vasewithbigdimensions (0.40-0.50m) usedfor mixingwater and
wine.
Concept
Name
Intension Extension
Knowledge about Concepts Knowledge about Concepts
Code Knowledge
K1 Amphorae are vessels.
K2 The height of amphorae varies from0.30m to 1.50m.
K3 All amphorae are made of ceramic.
K4 Amphorae were used to hold oil or wine.
K5 The shape of amphorae is conic or cylindrical.
K6 The bottom of amphorae is pointed or round.
K7 All amphorae have two symmetrical handles.
K8 The diameter of the amphoras neck varies from 0.07m to 0.15m.
K9 The amphorae were made during the Roman and Greek periods.
Pieces of knowledge about amphorae:
Taxonomy of Vessels Taxonomy of Vessels
Taxonomy of Pieces and Sculptures Taxonomy of Pieces and Sculptures
Ontological Relations Ontological Relations
DomainConcept Range Concept Relation
Handle Amphora P (temporaryparthood)
Neck_amphora Amphora P (temporaryparthood)
Diameter Neck qt (quality of)
Cylindrical Shape ql (qualeof)
Conic Shape ql (qualeof)
Pointed Edge ql (qualeof)
Round Edge ql (qualeof)
Greek Period ql (qualeof)
Roman Period ql (qualeof)
Amphora Ceramic SK (constantly specifically
constituted)
Vessel Oil hold
Vessel Wine hold
Amphora Period is-made-in
Ontological Axioms Ontological Axioms
K7: All amphorae have two symmetrical
handles.
DomainConcept Range Concept Relation
Distance Handle qt
Value Distance ql
Ontology Translation into OWL DL Ontology Translation into OWL DL
and SWRL and SWRL
DOLCE OWL DL
Category Class
P temporary-part-of
qt has-quality
ql has-quale
Ontology Verification and Ontology Verification and
Validation Validation
We checked its consistency with the help
of the RacerPro reasoner system and the
Protgtool.
Furthermore, the ontology has been
validated by the National History and
Archeology Museum of Constanta.
Conclusion and Future Work Conclusion and Future Work
I presented an ontology of the artifacts found in the
TomisfortressfromConstanta.
The developing of our domain ontology is an activity
within the Using virtual reality in 3D Multi-modal
reconstruction of historical sites (TOMIS) project, no:
11-041/2007, the National Centre of Programs
Management, PNCDI-2 Partnershipsprogram.
The taxonomy of this ontology was used for the
constructionof 3D modelsinvirtual reality.
Now, we are usingthis ontology in order to construct
virtual scenes of a software-authoring tool for virtual
environments.