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1

INSTITUTO POLITECNICO
NACIONAL

UNIDAD PROFESIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARIA EN
INGENIERIA Y TECNOLOGIAS AVANZADAS


PROFESOR: Rodrguez fuentes Miguel ngel















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2
ndice
Practica 1 compuertas logicas 3
Practica 2 display de 7 segmentos4
Practica 3 problema de diseo de banco6
Practica 4 puerta corrediza..7
Practica 5 detector de unos consecutivo8
Practica 6 teclado del cajero.9
Practica 7 prctica del lser 10
Practica 8 contador de 0 a 999912
Practica 9 diseo jerrquico serial..16
Practica 10 prctica del semforo ..18
Practica 11 contador de 0 a 99 .21
Practica 12 prctica de examen diseo del microondas..23
Practica 13 diseo de una cerradura.26
Practica 14 prctica de mini trminos.28
Practica 15 comparadores en paralelo29












3

3
Reporte de prcticas electrnica digital
Practica 1
Implementar en una FPGA las 7compuertas lgicas (NOT, AND, NAND,OR,NOR,XOR Y NOT)
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
entity compuerta is
Port ( a : in STD_LOGIC;
b : in STD_LOGIC;
c : in STD_LOGIC;
d : in STD_LOGIC;
f1 : out STD_LOGIC;
f2 : inout STD_LOGIC;
f3 : out STD_LOGIC;
f4 : inout STD_LOGIC;
f5 : out STD_LOGIC;
f6 : inout STD_LOGIC;
f7 : out STD_LOGIC);
end compuerta;
architecture Behavioral of compuerta is
begin
f1<= not a;-- compuerta not
f2<= a and b and c and d; -- compuerta and
f3<= not f2; --f3<= not(a and b and c and d);
f4<= a or b or c or d;
f5<= not f4;
f6<= a xor b xor c xor d;
f7<= not f6;
end Behavioral;

pines de asignacion:
net"a" loc= R17;
net"b" loc= N17;
net"c" loc= L13;
net"d" loc= L14;

net "f1" loc=J15;
net "f2" loc=K15;
net "f3" loc=K14;
net "f4" loc=E17;
net "f5" loc=P15;
net "f6" loc=F4;
net "f7" loc=R4;

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Practica 2:
Disear un circuito digital que muestre en un display de 7 segmentos los 16 smbolos del
sistema hexadecimal, considere un display de nodo comn.
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
entity displaysp3 is
Port ( A,B,C,D,hab3,hab2,hab1,hab0 : in STD_LOGIC;
fa,fb,fc,ffd,fe,ff,fg,an3,an2,an1,an0: inout STD_LOGIC);
end displaysp3;
architecture Behavioral of displaysp3 is
signal entrada: std_logic_vector (3 downto 0);
signal salida: std_logic_vector (6 downto 0);
begin

entrada <= a & b & c & d;
salida <= fa & fb & fc & ffd & fe & ff & fg;

an3 <= hab3;
an2 <= hab2;
an1 <= hab1;
an0 <= hab0;

fa <= salida(6);
fb <= salida(5);
fc <= salida(4);
ffd <= salida(3);
fe <= salida(2);
ff <= salida(1);
fg <= salida(0);

process (entrada)
begin
case entrada is
when "0000" => salida <= "0000001";
when "0001" => salida <= "1001111";
when "0010" => salida <= "0010010";
when "0011" => salida <= "0000110";
when "0100" => salida <= "1001100";
when "0101" => salida <= "0100100";
when "0110" => salida <= "0100000";
when "0111" => salida <= "0001111";
when "1000" => salida <= "0000000";
when "1001" => salida <= "0000100";
when "1010" => salida <= "0001000";

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when "1011" => salida <= "1100000";
when "1100" => salida <= "0110001";
when "1101" => salida <= "1000010";
when "1110" => salida <= "0110000";
when "1111" => salida <= "0111000";

when others => salida <= "1111111";
end case;
end process;

end Behavioral;
asignacion de pines:

net "A" loc=R17;
net "B" loc=N17;
net "C" loc=L13;
net "D" loc=L14;

net "fa" loc=l18;
net "fb" loc=f18;
net "fc" loc=d17;
net "ffd" loc=d16;
net "fe" loc=g14;
net "ff" loc=j17;
net "fg" loc=h14;

net "hab3" loc=K17;
net "hab2" loc=K18;
net "hab1" loc=H18;
net "hab0" loc=G18;

net "an3" loc=f17;
net "an2" loc=h17;
net "an1" loc=c18;
net "an0" loc=f15;











6

6
3.-practica de problema de diseo: una alarma de banco est diseada para verificar 4
seales de entrada, la lnea A es la de un interruptor secreto, la lnea B es de un sensor de
presin bajo la caja fuerte dentro de una bveda, la lnea C proviene de un reloj y la lnea D
est conectada a un interruptor de la bveda. Las siguientes condiciones generan 1 lgico:
A: el interruptor secreto est cerrado
B: la caja fuerte est en su posicin.
C: el reloj est entre las 10:00 y 14:00 horas(horas laborables)
D: la puerta de la bveda est cerrada.
Obtenga el circuito del sistema de alarma que produzca un 1 lgico cuando la caja es
extrada y el interruptor secreto est cerrado, o cuando se abre la bveda fuera del horario
de trabajo, o cuando se abre la bveda y el interruptor secreto est abierto.

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
--use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
entity banco is
Port ( A : in STD_LOGIC;
B : in STD_LOGIC;
C : in STD_LOGIC;
D : in STD_LOGIC;
F : out STD_LOGIC);
end banco;

architecture Behavioral of banco is
signal entrada:std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);
begin
entrada <= A & B & C & D;
process (entrada)
begin
case entrada is
when "0000"=>F<='1';
when "0010"=>F<='1';
when "0100"=>F<='1';
when "0110"=>F<='1';
when "1000"=>F<='1';
when "1001"=>F<='1';
when "1010"=>F<='1';
when "1011"=>F<='1';
when "1100"=>F<='1';
when others =>F<='0';
end case;
end process;
end Behavioral;



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Asignacin de pines:
net "A" loc= r17;
net "B" loc= n17;
net "C" loc= l13;
net "D" loc= l14;
net "F" loc= j14;


4.-problema de diseo: control de una puerta corrediza automtica. La entrada P al sistema
indica cuando un sensor detecta a una persona al frente de la puerta (p=1 indica que una
persona es detectada). La entrada H indica cuando la puerta debe mantenerse manualmente
abierta (H=1) sin importar si se detecta una persona . La entrada C indica cuando la puerta es
forzada a permanecer cerrada. Las ultimas 2 entradas pueden ser configuradas por el
ususario con unas llaves. Una salida F abre la puerta cuando F=1. Se requiere abrir la puerta
si la puerta esta configurada para mantenerse manualmente abierta , osi la puerta no esta
configurada para mantenerse manualmente abierta pero se detecta una persona. Sin
embargo en ambos casos la puerta solo se abrir si no est configurada para permenecer
cerrada. Obtenga el circuito para este sistema.

Codigo en VHDL:
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
entity puerta is
Port ( P : in STD_LOGIC;
H : in STD_LOGIC;
C : in STD_LOGIC;
F : out STD_LOGIC);
end puerta;
architecture Behavioral of puerta is
signal entrada:std_logic_vector(2 downto 0);
begin
entrada <= P & H & C;
process(entrada)
begin
case entrada is
when"100"=>F<='1';
when"010"=>F<='1';
when"110"=>F<='1';
when others =>F<='0';
end case;
end process;
end Behavioral;



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asignacion de pines:
net "P" loc=r17;
net "H" loc=n17;
net "C" loc=l13;
net "F" loc=r4;

5.-problema de diseo: se requiere implementar un circuito que detecte la ocurrencia de un
patrn de al menos tres unos adyacentes en una entrada de 8 bits, y la salida ser 1 en este
caso. Las entradas son a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h y la salida es y. Este tipo de circuitos son
ampliamente utilizados en el procesamiento de imgenes para detectar cosas, o para
detectar palabras especficas en un audio digitalizado. Obtener el circuito detector.

ibrary IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
entity detector_unos is
Port ( a : in STD_LOGIC;
b : in STD_LOGIC;
c : in STD_LOGIC;
d : in STD_LOGIC;
e : in STD_LOGIC;
f : in STD_LOGIC;
g : in STD_LOGIC;
h : in STD_LOGIC;
y : out STD_LOGIC);
end detector_unos;
architecture Behavioral of detector_unos is
begin
y<=(a and b and c)
or (b and c and d)
or (c and d and e)
or (d and e and f)
or (e and f and g)
or (f and g and h);
end Behavioral;
Asignacin de pines:
net "a" loc=r17;
net "b" loc=n17;
net "c" loc=l13;
net "d" loc=l14;
net "e" loc=k17;
net "f" loc=k18;
net "g" loc=h18;
net "h" loc=g18;
net "y" loc=r4;

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6- problemas de diseo:
Se requiere disear el circuito de un convertidor cuya salida es un cdigo de 4 bits (w,x,y,z)
correspondientes las teclas de un teclado matricial de un cajero automtico de 12 teclas de (
7 seales) . El teclado tiene la siguiente configuracin , el primer rengln tiene la siguiente
configuracin, el primer rengln tiene las teclas 1, 2, 3, el segundo rengln tiene 4,5,6 y el
tercer rengln tiene 7,8,9 y el ultimo rengln tiene al * 0 y # . las salidas del teclado matricial
son 7 seales, 54 corresponden a los renglones (r1,r2,r3,r4) y a las 3 columnas (c1, c2,c3). Al
oprimir cualquier tecla produce que las dos salidas valgan 1, correspondientes al rengln y
columna correspondiente yes a la tecla. Se desea que la tecla 0 a 9 se codifiquen desde
0000 hasta 1001 respectivamente. Codifique la tecla * como 1010, # como 1011 y asuma
que 1111 significa que ninguna tecla se esta oprimiendo.

Cdigo:
ibrary IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
entity teclado_cajero is
Port ( r1 : in STD_LOGIC;
r2 : in STD_LOGIC;
r3 : in STD_LOGIC;
r4 : in STD_LOGIC;
c1 : in STD_LOGIC;
c2 : in STD_LOGIC;
c3 : in STD_LOGIC;
w : out STD_LOGIC;
x : out STD_LOGIC;
y : out STD_LOGIC;
z : out STD_LOGIC);
end teclado_cajero;
architecture Behavioral of teclado_cajero is
begin
w<=(r3 and c2)
or (r3 and c3)
or (r4 and c1)
or (r4 and c3)
or ((not r1) and (not r2) and (not r3) and (not r4) and (not c1) and (not c2) and (not c3));
x<=(r2 and c1)
or (r2 and c2)
or (r2 and c3)
or (r3 and c1)
or ((not r1) and (not r2) and (not r3) and (not r4) and (not c1) and (not c2) and (not c3));

y<=(r1 and c2)
or (r1 and c3)
or (r2 and c3)

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or (r3 and c1)
or (r4 and c1)
or (r4 and c3)
or ((not r1) and (not r2) and (not r3) and (not r4) and (not c1) and (not c2) and (not c3));
z<=(r1 and c1)
or (r1 and c3)
or (r2 and c2)
or (r3 and c1)
or (r3 and c3)
or (r4 and c3)
or ((not r1) and (not r2) and (not r3) and (not r4) and (not c1) and (not c2) and (not c3));
end Behavioral;


Asignacin de pines:
net "r1" loc=r17;
net "r2" loc=n17;
net "r3" loc=l13;
net "r4" loc=l14;
net "c1" loc=k17;
net "c2" loc=k18;
net "c3" loc=h18;
net "w" loc=r4;
net "x" loc=f4;
net "y" loc=p15;
net "z" loc=e17;



7.-prctica circuito secuencial (circuito controlador de laser)
Diseo del programa en VHDL de un sistema para cirujia laser. El cirujano activa ellaser
presionando momentanamente un boton y permanecer activo durante 25 ns, asuma que el
periodo de seal de reloj es de 10ns.

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.numeric_std.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;
entity laser is
Port ( b : in STD_LOGIC;
mclk : in STD_LOGIC;
x : out STD_LOGIC;
clksal : out STD_LOGIC);
end laser;
architecture Behavioral of laser is

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signal clkdiv: std_logic_vector(25 downto 0);
type estados is (off1,on1,on2,on3,off2);
signal presente,siguiente: estados;
begin

--divisor de frecuencia
process(mclk)
begin
if (mclk'event and mclk='1') then
clkdiv <= clkdiv + 1;
end if;
end process;
clksal <= clkdiv(25);
-- maquina de estados
--transiciones
process (presente,b)
begin
case presente is
when off1 => x<= '0';
if (b='0') then
siguiente <= off1;
else
siguiente <= on1;
end if;
when on1=> x <='1';
siguiente <= on2;

when on2=> x <='1';
siguiente <= on3;

when on3=> x <='1';
siguiente <= off2;
when off2 => x<= '0';
if (b='0') then
siguiente <= off1;
else
siguiente <= off2;
end if;

end case;

end process;
-- reloj maquina de estados
process (clkdiv(25))
begin

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if (clkdiv(25)'event and clkdiv(25)='1') then
presente <= siguiente;
end if;
end process;
end Behavioral;

asignacion de pines:

net"b" loc=b18;
net"mclk" loc=b8;
net"x" loc=j14;
net"clksal" loc=j15;


8.- disear un programa en VHDL que sea un contador de 0 a 9999

library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
use IEEE.numeric_std.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;
entity contador9999 is
Port ( reset : in STD_LOGIC;
hold : in STD_LOGIC;
clk : in STD_LOGIC;
seg : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (6 downto 0);
an : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
unidad : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
decena : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
centena: out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
millar: out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0));
end contador9999;
architecture Behavioral of contador9999 is
signal clkdiv: std_logic_vector(21 downto 0);
signal q,r,p,s,dato:std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); --unidad y decena esto se hace para dejar
unidad y decena como salida y no como inout
signal aux:std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);

begin
-- divisor de frecuencia
process(clk)
begin
if (clk'event and clk='1') then
clkdiv<= clkdiv+1;
end if;
end process;

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13


--contador de decadas
process(clkdiv(21),reset,hold)
begin
if reset='1' then
q<="0000";
r<="0000";
p<="0000";
s<="0000";
elsif(clkdiv(21)'event and clkdiv(21)='1') then
if hold='0' then
q<= q+1;
if q="1001" then
q<="0000";
r<=r+1;
if (r="1001") then
r<="0000";
p<=p+1;
if (p="1001") then
p<="0000";
s<=s+1;
if (s="1001") then
s<="0000";
end if;
end if;
end if;
end if;

else
q<=q;
r<=r;
p<=p;
s<=s;
end if;
end if;
end process;

unidad<=q;
decena<=r;
centena<=p;
millar<=s;

process(dato)
begin

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case dato is
when "0000" => seg <= "0000001";
when "0001" => seg <= "1001111";
when "0010" => seg <= "0010010";
when "0011" => seg <= "0000110";
when "0100" => seg <= "1001100";
when "0101" => seg <= "0100100";
when "0110" => seg <= "0100000";
when "0111" => seg <= "0001111";
when "1000" => seg <= "0000000";
when "1001" => seg <= "0000100";
when "1010" => seg <= "0001000";
when "1011" => seg <= "1100000";
when "1100" => seg <= "0110001";
when "1101" => seg <= "1000010";
when "1110" => seg <= "0110000";
when "1111" => seg <= "0111000";

when others => seg<= "1111111";
end case;
end process;


process(clkdiv(18))
begin
if (clkdiv(18)'event and clkdiv(18)='1') then
aux<=aux+1;
end if;
end process;

process(aux)
begin
if (aux="00") then --activar el display unidad
dato<= q;
an<= "1110";

elsif (aux="01") then
dato <= r; --decenas
an<="1101";

elsif (aux="10") then
dato <= p; --centenas
an<="1011";
else
dato<= s; --millares

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15
an<="0111";

-- end if;


-- if (aux="0") then
--dato <= p; --centenas
--an<="1011";

-- else
--dato<= s; --millares
--an<="0111";
end if;

end process;

end Behavioral;

Asignacin de pines:

net"clk" loc=b8;
net"unidad<0>" loc=j14;
net"unidad<1>" loc=j15;
net"unidad<2>" loc=k15;
net"unidad<3>" loc=k14;
net"decena<0>" loc=e17;
net"decena<1>" loc=p15;
net"decena<2>" loc=f4;
net"decena<3>" loc=r4;
net"hold" loc=b18;
net"an<3>" loc=f15;
net"an<2>" loc=c18;
net"an<1>" loc=h17;
net"an<0>" loc=f17;
net"seg<0>" loc=h14;
net"seg<1>" loc=j17;
net"seg<2>" loc=g14;
net"seg<3>" loc=d16;
net"seg<4>" loc=d17;
net"seg<5>" loc=f18;
net"seg<6>" loc=l18;





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9.- diseo jerrquico de comparador serial.
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

-- Uncomment the following library declaration if using
-- arithmetic functions with Signed or Unsigned values
--use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;

-- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating
-- any Xilinx primitives in this code.
--library UNISIM;
--use UNISIM.VComponents.all;

entity comparador2_serial is
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;
b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end comparador2_serial;

architecture Behavioral of comparador2_serial is

begin
G<= (a2 and (not b2)) or (a2 and a1 and (not b1)) or (a1 and (not b2) and (not b1));
L<= ((not a2) and b2) or ((not a1) and b2 and b1) or ((not a2) and (not a1) and b1);
end Behavioral;

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

-- Uncomment the following library declaration if using
-- arithmetic functions with Signed or Unsigned values
--use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;

-- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating
-- any Xilinx primitives in this code.
--library UNISIM;
--use UNISIM.VComponents.all;

entity comparador2_serial is
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;

17

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b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end comparador2_serial;

architecture Behavioral of comparador2_serial is

begin
G<= (a2 and (not b2)) or (a2 and a1 and (not b1)) or (a1 and (not b2) and (not b1));
L<= ((not a2) and b2) or ((not a1) and b2 and b1) or ((not a2) and (not a1) and b1);

end Behavioral;

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
entity comparador2_serial is
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;
b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end comparador2_serial;

architecture Behavioral of comparador2_serial is

begin
G<= (a2 and (not b2)) or (a2 and a1 and (not b1)) or (a1 and (not b2) and (not b1));
L<= ((not a2) and b2) or ((not a1) and b2 and b1) or ((not a2) and (not a1) and b1);

end Behavioral;
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.all;

package pack is

component comparador2_serial
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;
b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end component comparador2_serial;


18

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end pack;
asignacin de pines:
net "a1" loc ="G18";
net "a2" loc ="H18";
net "a3" loc ="K18";
net "a4" loc ="K17";
net "b1" loc ="L14";
net "b2" loc ="L13";
net "b3" loc ="N17";
net "b4" loc ="R17";
net "G" loc ="J14";
net "L" loc ="J15";














10.-Practica dise;ar un programa en VHDL semaforo
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.numeric_std.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;

-- Uncomment the following library declaration if using
-- arithmetic functions with Signed or Unsigned values
--use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;

-- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating
-- any Xilinx primitives in this code.
--library UNISIM;
--use UNISIM.VComponents.all;

entity semaforo is
Port ( et : in STD_LOGIC;
wt : in STD_LOGIC;

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mclk : in STD_LOGIC;
clksal : out STD_LOGIC;
d5,d4,d3,d2,d1,d0 : out STD_LOGIC);

end semaforo;

architecture Behavioral of semaforo is
signal clkdiv: std_logic_vector(25 downto 0);
type estados is (s0, s1, s2, s3,s4,s5,s6,s7,s8, s9);
signal presente, siguiente: estados;

signal daux:std_logic_vector(5 downto 0);

begin
--divisor de frecuencia
process(mclk)
begin
if (mclk'event and mclk='1') then
clkdiv<=clkdiv+1; --contador
end if;
end process;
clksal<= clkdiv(25); --frecuencia de salida

--maquina de estados
--transiciones
process(presente,et,wt)
begin
case presente is

when s0 => daux <= "001100";
siguiente <= s1;
when s1 => daux <= "001100";
siguiente <= s2;
when s2 => daux <= "001100";
siguiente <= s3;
when s3 => daux <= "001100";

if (et='1' or wt='1') then
siguiente <= s4;

else
siguiente <= s0;
end if;



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when s4 => daux <= "010100";
siguiente <= s5;
when s5 => daux <= "100001";
siguiente <= s6;
when s6 => daux <= "100001";
siguiente <= s7;
when s7 => daux <= "100001";
siguiente <= s8;
when s8 => daux <= "100001";
siguiente <= s9;
when s9 => daux <= "100010";
siguiente <= s0;



end case;
end process;

d5 <= daux(5);
d4 <= daux(4);
d3 <= daux(3);
d2 <= daux(2);
d1 <= daux(1);
d0 <= daux(0);

--reloj de la maquina de estados
process(clkdiv(25))
begin
if(clkdiv(25)'event and clkdiv(25)='1') then
presente<= siguiente; --cambio de estado

end if;
end process;
end Behavioral;

asignacin de pines:

net "d5" loc=r4;
net "d4" loc=f4;
net "d3" loc=p15;
net "d2" loc=e17;
net "d1" loc=k14;
net "d0" loc=k15;

net "et" loc=r17;

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net "wt" loc=n17;
net "mclk" loc=b8;

11.-Disenar un contador de 0 a 99
use IEEE.numeric_std.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;
entity Contador is
Port ( reset : in STD_LOGIC;
hold : in STD_LOGIC;
clk : in STD_LOGIC;
seg : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (6 downto 0);
an : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
unidad : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
decena : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0));
end Contador;

architecture Behavioral of Contador is

signal clkdiv: std_logic_vector(21 downto 0);
signal q,r,dato:std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); --q y r seran los valores que daran el salto de
unidad a decena
signal aux:std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
begin

-- divisor de frecuencia
process(clk)
begin
if (clk'event and clk='1') then
clkdiv<= clkdiv+1;
end if;
end process;

--contador de unidades y decadas
process(clkdiv(21),reset,hold)
begin
if reset='1' then
q<="0000";
r<="0000";
--p<="0000";
--s<="0000";
elsif(clkdiv(21)'event and clkdiv(21)='1') then
if hold='0' then
q<= q+1;

22

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if q="1001" then
q<="0000";
r<=r+1;
if (r="1001") then
r<="0000";
end if;
end if;

else
q<=q;
r<=r;
end if;
end if;
end process;

unidad<=q;
decena<=r;
process(dato)
begin
case dato is
when "0000" => seg <= "0000001";
when "0001" => seg <= "1001111";
when "0010" => seg <= "0010010";
when "0011" => seg <= "0000110";
when "0100" => seg <= "1001100";
when "0101" => seg <= "0100100";
when "0110" => seg <= "0100000";
when "0111" => seg <= "0001111";
when "1000" => seg <= "0000000";
when "1001" => seg <= "0000100";
when "1010" => seg <= "0001000";
when "1011" => seg <= "1100000";
when "1100" => seg <= "0110001";
when "1101" => seg <= "1000010";
when "1110" => seg <= "0110000";
when "1111" => seg <= "0111000";

when others => seg<= "1111111";

end case;
end process;

process(clkdiv(18))
begin
if (clkdiv(18)'event and clkdiv(18)='1') then

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aux<=aux+1;
end if;
end process;

process(aux)
begin
if (aux="0") then --muestra unidades
dato<= q;
an<= "1110";
else
dato <= r; --muetra decenas
an<="1101";
end if;
end process;
end Behavioral;

Asignacion de pines:
net"clk" loc=b8;
net"unidad<0>" loc=j14;
net"unidad<1>" loc=j15;
net"unidad<2>" loc=k15;
net"unidad<3>" loc=k14;
net"decena<0>" loc=e17;
net"decena<1>" loc=p15;
net"decena<2>" loc=f4;
net"decena<3>" loc=r4;
net"hold" loc=b18;
net"an<3>" loc=f15;
net"an<2>" loc=c18;
net"an<1>" loc=h17;
net"an<0>" loc=f17;
net"seg<0>" loc=h14;
net"seg<1>" loc=j17;
net"seg<2>" loc=g14;
net"seg<3>" loc=d16;
net"seg<4>" loc=d17;
net"seg<5>" loc=f18;
net"seg<6>" loc=l18;

12.- programa en VHDL examen de micro ondas
library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
use IEEE.numeric_std.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;

24

24
entity microondas is
Port ( clk : in STD_LOGIC;
p : in STD_LOGIC;
b : in STD_LOGIC;
stl : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 downto 0);
st : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 downto 0);
reset : in STD_LOGIC;
gm : out STD_LOGIC;
m : out STD_LOGIC;
as : out STD_LOGIC);
end microondas;
architecture Behavioral of microondas is
signal clkdiv:std_logic_vector(25 downto 0 );
type estados is(seguridad,espera,calentar,alarma);
signal presente,siguiente:estados;
begin
-- divisor de frecuencias
process(clk)
begin
if clk'event and clk='1' then
clkdiv <= clkdiv+1;
end if;
end process;

--registro de estados
process(clkdiv(25),reset)
begin
if reset='1' then
presente <= seguridad;
elsif clkdiv(25)'event and clkdiv(25)='1' then
presente <= siguiente;
end if;
end process;
--asignacion de salidas
process(clkdiv(25),reset)
begin
if reset='1' then
gm <= '0';
m <= '0';
as <= '0';

elsif clkdiv(25)'event and clkdiv(25)='1' then
case presente is
when seguridad =>
gm <= '0';

25

25
m <= '0';
as <= '0';
when espera =>
gm <= '0';
m <= '0';
as <= '0';
when calentar =>
gm <= '1';
m <= '1';
as <= '0';
when alarma =>
gm <= '0';
m <= '0';
as <= '1';
end case;
end if;
end process;
-- transicion de entrada
process(stl,st,b,p,presente)
begin
siguiente <= seguridad; --cambio al estado siguiente
case presente is
when seguridad =>
if p='0' then
siguiente <= seguridad;
else
siguiente <= espera;
end if;
when espera =>
if b='0' then
siguiente <=espera;
else
siguiente <= calentar;
end if;
when calentar =>
if p='0' then
siguiente <= seguridad;
elsif stl<st then
siguiente <= calentar;
elsif stl >= st then
siguiente <= alarma;
end if;
when alarma =>
siguiente <= seguridad;
end case;

26

26
end process;
end Behavioral;


asignacion de pines:
net"clk" loc=b8;
net"gm" loc=j14;
net"m" loc=j15;
net"as" loc=k15;
net"p" loc=g18;
net"b" loc=h18;

13 practica de cerradura:disenar un programa que introduzca secuencia de unos y ceros
preestablecida para abrir la puerta.
Codigo en VHDL
library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
use IEEE.numeric_std.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;
entity cerradura is
Port ( reset : in STD_LOGIC;
enter : in STD_LOGIC;
i : in STD_LOGIC;
clk : in STD_LOGIC;
mal : out STD_LOGIC;
ok : out STD_LOGIC);
end cerradura;

architecture Behavioral of cerradura is
signal q: std_logic_vector(17 downto 0);
signal delay1, delay2, delay3:std_logic;
signal pulso: std_logic;
signal reg,dato: std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal s: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);

begin

---Divisor a 190 Hz aprox
process(clk)
begin
if (clk'event and clk='1') then
q<=q+1;
end if;

27

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end process;

--Eliminador de rebotes y genera un pulso
process(q(17), reset, enter)
begin
if(reset='1') then
delay1<='0';
delay2<='0';
delay3<='0';
elsif(q(17)'event and q(17)='1') then
delay1<=enter;
delay2<=delay1;
delay3<=delay2;
end if;
end process;

pulso<= delay1 and delay2 and not delay3;

--registro de corrimiento entrada serial salida paralela
process(pulso,i,reset)
begin
if reset='1' then
reg<= "00000000";
elsif(pulso'event and pulso='1') then
reg<= i & reg(7 downto 1);
end if;
end process;

--contador
process(pulso,reset)
begin
if reset='1' then
s<="0000";
elsif(pulso'event and pulso='1') then
s<= s+1;
end if;
end process;

-- Comparador
dato<="10110111";

process(reg,dato,s)
begin

if(reg=dato and s="1000") then

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ok<='1';
mal<='0';
else
ok<='0';
mal<='1';
end if;
end process;
end Behavioral;

asignacion de pines:
net"reset" loc=h13;
net"enter" loc=b18;
net"i" loc=r17;
net"mal" loc=j14;
net"ok" loc=r4;
net"clk" loc=b8;

14.- programa de miniterminos:
Codigo en VHDL:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
entity practica2 is
Port ( A : in STD_LOGIC;
B : in STD_LOGIC;
C : in STD_LOGIC;
f1 : out STD_LOGIC;
f2 : out STD_LOGIC);
end practica2;
architecture Behavioral of practica2 is
begin
f1<= (NOT A AND NOT B AND C) OR (NOT A AND B AND NOT C) OR (A AND NOT B AND NOT C)
OR (A AND B AND C);
f2<= (A OR B OR C) AND (A OR NOT B OR NOT C) AND (NOT A OR B OR NOT C) AND (NOT A OR
NOT B OR C);
end Behavioral;

asignacion de pines:
NET "A" LOC= R17;
NET "B" LOC= N17;
NET "C" LOC= L13;
NET "f1" LOC= R4;

29

29
NET "f2" LOC= F4;

15 programa de comparador el paralelo:
Cdigo en VHDL:

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use work.pack.all;

entity cuerpo is
Port ( a1,a2,a3,a4 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1,b2,b3,b4 : in STD_LOGIC;
G,L : out STD_LOGIC);
end cuerpo;
architecture Behavioral of cuerpo is

signal G1,G2,L1,L2 : std_logic;

begin

t1: comparador2_paralelo port map (a1=>a1,a2=>a2,b1=>b1,b2=>b2,G=>G1,L=>L1);
t2: comparador2_paralelo port map (a1=>a3,a2=>a4,b1=>b3,b2=>b4,G=>G2,L=>L2);
t3: comparador2_paralelo port map (a1=>G1,a2=>G2,b1=>L1,b2=>L2,G=>G,L=>L);

end Behavioral;
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity comparador2_paralelo is
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;
b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end comparador2_paralelo;

architecture Behavioral of comparador2_paralelo is

begin

G<= (a2 and (not b2)) or (a2 and a1 and (not b1)) or (a1 and (not b2) and (not b1));
L<= ((not a2) and b2) or ((not a1) and b2 and b1) or ((not a2) and (not a1) and b1);

end Behavioral;

30

30
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity comparador2_paralelo is
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;
b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end comparador2_paralelo;

architecture Behavioral of comparador2_paralelo is

begin

G<= (a2 and (not b2)) or (a2 and a1 and (not b1)) or (a1 and (not b2) and (not b1));
L<= ((not a2) and b2) or ((not a1) and b2 and b1) or ((not a2) and (not a1) and b1);

end Behavioral;
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity comparador2_paralelo is
Port ( a1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a2 : in STD_LOGIC;
b1 : in STD_LOGIC;
b2 : in STD_LOGIC;
G : out STD_LOGIC;
L : out STD_LOGIC);
end comparador2_paralelo;

architecture Behavioral of comparador2_paralelo is

begin

G<= (a2 and (not b2)) or (a2 and a1 and (not b1)) or (a1 and (not b2) and (not b1));
L<= ((not a2) and b2) or ((not a1) and b2 and b1) or ((not a2) and (not a1) and b1);

end Behavioral;

asignacion de pines:

net "a1" loc ="G18";
net "a2" loc ="H18";

31

31
net "a3" loc ="K18";
net "a4" loc ="K17";
net "b1" loc ="L14";
net "b2" loc ="L13";
net "b3" loc ="N17";
net "b4" loc ="R17";
net "G" loc ="J14";
net "L" loc ="J15";