2014 Bilderberg Meetings

Conference: Special Report

By William P. Litynski
Bilderberg Group: Double-Dealing Robber Barons?
President of Russia Vladimir Putin (left) met with Royal Dutch Shell C! Ben "an Beurden at the #o"o$!%aryo"o state residence
outside &oscow' Russia on (ood )riday' *+ril ,-' ./,0. Putin is +ushin% to add oil and natural %as routes for Russia to su++ly *sia.
Ben van Beurden attended the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference held in openhagen! Den"ar# fro" Ma$ 2%! 2014 until
&une 1! 2014' (Photo1 &a2im Shi+enko"' P!!L)
Prime &inister of 3kraine *rseniy 4atsenyuk (left) and #*5! Secretary (eneral *nders )o%h Rasmussen attend a +ress conference
at the #*5! head6uarters in Brussels' Bel%ium on &arch 7' ./,0. (nders )ogh Ras"ussen attended the 2014 Bilderberg
Meetings conference held in openhagen! Den"ar# fro" Ma$ 2%! 2014 until &une 1! 2014' (8inhua9(on% Bin%)
./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s Conference1 * Danish ;ntri%ue<
By William P. Litynski
=une 0' ./,0
5he circus show known as the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference ended on Sunday. 5he Bilder:er% %uests de+arted the
Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in downtown Co+enha%en' Denmark amid ti%ht security and curious +rotestors. )rom 5hursday
afternoon &ay .?' ./,0 until Sunday afternoon' =une ,' ./,0' the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s was held at the Co+enha%en
&arriott >otel in downtown Co+enha%en.
Prominent indi"iduals who attended the four$day Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in downtown Co+enha%en include1
Christine La%arde' &ana%in% Director of the ;nternational &onetary )und (;&)) (./,,$+resent)
*nders )o%h Rasmussen' Secretary$(eneral of #orth *tlantic 5reaty !r%ani@ation (#*5!) (.//?$./,0)
(en. Phili+ &. Breedlo"e' 3S*)' Su+reme *llied Commander of uro+e (./,A$+resent)
=ohn Sawers' Chief of the BBritishC Secret ;ntelli%ence Ser"ice (&;7) (#o"em:er ,' .//?$+resent)
(eor%e !s:orne' Chancellor of the 2che6uer (./,/$+resent)
Carl$>enric S"an:er%' Chairman of the :oard of British Petroleum (=anuary ,' ./,/$+resent)
Ro:ert Dudley' (rou+ Chief 2ecuti"e of British Petroleum (./,/$+resent)
Peter D. Sutherland' Chairman of the :oard of British Petroleum (,??D$.//?)
=orma !llila' Chairman of the :oard of Royal Dutch Shell (.//7$+resent)
Ben "an Beurden' Chief 2ecuti"e !fficer of Royal Dutch Shell (./,0$+resent)
Dou%las =. )lint' (rou+ Chairman of >SBC >oldin%s +lc (./,/$+resent)
Eenneth &. =aco:s' Chairman of the :oard of La@ard B:ankC (.//?$+resent)
>enri de Castries' Chairman of the :oard of *8* B)rench in"estment and insurance firmC (.///$+resent)
Risto Siilasmaa' Chairman of the :oard of #okia Cor+oration
=ohn lkann' Chairman of )iat S.+.*. B;talian auto com+anyC
ric Schmidt' Chairman of the :oard of (oo%le ;nc. (.//,$+resent)
Sir =ames D. Wolfensohn' President of the World Bank (,??F$.//F)
Ro:ert . Ru:in' 3.S. Secretary of the 5reasury (,??F$,???)
>enry Eissin%er' 3.S. Secretary of State (,?DA$,?DD)
Carl Bildt' )orei%n &inister of Sweden (.//7$+resent)
(errit Galm' )inance &inister of the #etherlands (,??0$.//.' .//A$.//D)
((en.) Da"id >. Petraeus' Director of Central ;ntelli%ence *%ency (./,,$./,.)
5homas . Donilon' 3.S. #ational Security *d"isor (./,/$./,A)
Hueen Sofia of S+ain
Hueen (Princess) Beatri2 of the #etherlands
5he +rimary to+ics for discussion at the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference were1
;s the economic reco"ery sustaina:le<
Who will +ay for the demo%ra+hics<
Does +ri"acy e2ist<
>ow s+ecial is the relationshi+ in intelli%ence sharin%<
Bi% shifts in technolo%y and Io:s
5he future of democracy and the middle class tra+
ChinaJs +olitical and economic outlook (i.e. South China Sea' Senkaku ;slands)
5he new architecture of the &iddle ast (i.e. %y+t' Syria' ;ran)
3kraine (i.e. Russia' Crimea' Donetsk)
What ne2t for uro+e< (i.e. Scotland inde+endence)
Current e"ents
5he :ankers' :usinessmen' and technocrats who dominate the Bilder:er% (rou+ were thinkin% lon% and hard a:out their future.
!ne can only ima%ine what (oo%le chairman ric Schmidt' &;7 s+y chief =ohn Sawers' former #ational Security *d"isor 5om
Donilon' and former C;* Director (en. Da"id Petraeus had to say a:out the issue of +ri"acy and intelli%ence sharin%. ;t is no
wonder why the Bilder:er% (rou+ must hire security %uards and +olice officers to +re"ent the +eo+le from standin% too close to
the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel.
*s we all know :y now' forei%n intri%ues and military e2+editions cost lots of money. &aIor (eneral Smedley Butler of the
3nited States &arine Cor+s once said' KWar is a racket.L 5he on%oin% *f%hanistan War (and the (lo:al War on 5errorism) has
+ushed the *merican national de:t from MF trillion in .//, to o"er M,D trillion in ./,0. ;n fact' the on%oin% *f%hanistan War'
as well as multi+le :ank :ailouts' has strained the world economy and weakened the middle class as a whole. &any Bilder:er%
%uests were undou:tedly ho+in% they still ha"e money in their +ockets.
!n the issue of forei%n affairs and di+lomacy' )orei%n &inister of Sweden Carl Bildt met with )orei%n &inister of ;ran
&ohammad$=a"ad Garif in 5ehran' ;ran on )e:ruary 0' ./,0. *lso' Princess (formerly Hueen) Beatri2 of the #etherlands and
her son Ein% Willem *le2ander of the #etherlands met with President of mainland Communist China 8i =in+in% at the royal
+alace in *msterdam' #etherlands on &arch ..' ./,0. ;t is a++arent that the Bilder:er% (rou+ is "ery cautious a:out the
on%oin% dis+ute :etween Communist China and nei%h:orin% nations o"er the so"erei%nty of the South China Sea. ;n fact' it is
a++arent that the Bilder:er% (rou+ is tryin% to find a solution to the on%oin% Syrian Ci"il War.
&eanwhile' +rominent mem:ers of the Bilder:er% (rou+ continue to mana%e (mani+ulate) :oth sides of the on%oin% Russo$
3krainian War. Ben "an Beurden' the Chief 2ecuti"e !fficer of Royal Dutch Shell who attended the ./,0 Bilder:er%
&eetin%s conference' met with President of Russia Vladimir Putin at the #o"o$!%aryo"o state residence outside &oscow'
Russia on (ood )riday' *+ril ,-' ./,0' a month after Putin con6uered Crimea. !n the other hand' out%oin% #*5! Secretary
(eneral *nders )o%h Rasmussen' who also attended the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference' met with Prime &inister of
3kraine *rseniy 4atsenyuk at the #*5! head6uarters in Brussels' Bel%ium on &arch 7' ./,0. 3.S. Secretary of State =ohn
Eerry (who attended the ./,. Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in Chantilly' Vir%inia) met with leadin% 3krainian +oliticians
such as *rseniy 4atsenyuk and Petro Poroshenko (incomin% President of 3kraine) in &unich' (ermany on )e:ruary ,' ./,0'
durin% the &aidan +rotests. ;n fact' Petro Poroshenko met with Prime &inister of (reat Britain Da"id Cameron (who attended
the ./,A Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in >ertfordshire' n%land) in London on &arch .7' ./,0.
;t is a++arent that the on%oin% Russo$3krainian War that is :ein% fou%ht in eastern 3kraine and in the streets of Donetsk can :e
:est descri:ed as or%ani@ed crime that is +romoted :y the Bilder:er% (rou+ in an attem+t to esta:lish a Knew world orderL. 5he
former Russian$colla:oratin% President of 3kraine Viktor 4anuko"ych declined to si%n a trade a%reement with the uro+ean
3nion (at the re6uest of Vladimir Putin)' which led to massi"e +rotests in downtown Eie"' 3kraine and the e"entual remo"al of
4anuno"ych from office. 5he remo"al of 4anuko"ych from office on )e:ruary ..' ./,0 s+arked a Russian in"asion of Crimea
and a +ro$Russian re:ellion in eastern 3kraine. While uro+ean 3nion and #*5! has +romised to assist 3kraine economically
and militarily' it is a++arent that the 3krainian +eo+le are "irtually on their own.
Vladimir Putin' who is +ercei"ed as a :ad$ass motherfucker' an asshole' and K(odfather' Sa"ior' and C@ar of RussiaL' con6uers
Crimea in blitzkrieg fashion and terrori@es eastern 3kraine with Russian soldiers in dis%uise. 4et' Royal Dutch Shell rewards
Vladimir Putin for his acts of a%%ression and terrorism a%ainst the 3krainian +eo+le :y e2+andin% its in"estment in the Russian
oil fields and colla:oratin% with (a@+rom. ;t is a++arent that Royal Dutch Shell' alon% with British Petroleum and (a@+rom'
co"et the Russian oil fields. (a@+rom is RussiaJs lar%est oil com+any and RussiaJs lar%est :usiness cartelN Dmitri &ed"ede"'
the current Prime &inister of Russia' is a former chairman of the :oard of (a@+rom. 5he Eremlin +ercei"es (a@+rom in the
same manner *dolf >itler and #a@i (ermany +ercei"ed ;.(. )ar:en chemical cartelN (a@+rom is EremlinJs cash cow.
;t is a++arent that :oth Bilder:er% and Eremlin are interested in ac6uirin% and sustainin% +olitical and economic +ower. Both
Bilder:er% and Eremlin o+erate :ehind closed doors and out of si%ht of the %eneral +u:lic. *lso' se"eral mem:ers of the
Bilder:er% (rou+ ha"e friends in hi%h +laces inside the Eremlin' and Vladimir Putin has friends in hi%h +laces inside the
Bilder:er% (rou+' includin% >enry Eissin%er and Hueen Beatri2 of the #etherlands. Both Vladimir Putin and the Bilder:er%
(rou+ ha"e made a series of )austian :ar%ains and K%entlemenJs a%reementL under the ta:le in an attem+t to e2+loit the oil
fields of Si:eria and to esta:lish a neo$Communist' neo$&ar2ist Knew world orderL. While the Bilder:er% (rou+ +ortrays itself
as a talkin% clu:' the Bilder:er% (rou+ and some of its +rominent mem:ers remain silent a:out their friendshi+ with Vladimir
Putin and their in"estments in Russian oil. ;t is a++arent that some mem:ers of the Bilder:er% (rou+ would +refer to %et on
their knees and %ro"el to Vladimir PutinJs K(oldman SachsL inside the Eremlin instead of u+holdin% life' li:erty' and Iustice.
Bilder:er% co$founder =ose+h Retin%er must :e turnin% in his %ra"e o"er this nonsense with Russia' :ut ; di%ress.
S+eakin% of economic +ower' Bilder:er% %uest Stanley )ischer was sworn in as a &em:er of the )ederal Reser"e Board on
Wednesday' &ay .-' ./,0. Stanley )ischer' a dual citi@en of *merica and ;srael' ser"ed as the (o"ernor of the Bank of ;srael
(;sraelJs central :ank) from .//F until ./,A and ser"ed as the )irst De+uty &ana%in% Director of the ;nternational &onetary
)und from ,??0 until .//,. Stanley )ischer attended the annual Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in ,??7' ,??-' and ,???.
Be%innin% on &ay .-' ./,0' all indi"iduals ser"in% on the )ederal Reser"e Board (four mem:ers' three "acancies) are mem:ers
of the Council on )orei%n Relations' a +ri"ate or%ani@ation in #ew 4ork City. )ederal Reser"e Board mem:ers Stanley )ischer
and Daniel 5arullo ha"e attended the Bilder:er% &eetin%s conferences in the +ast.
(#ote1 Ben "an BeurdenJs s+eech to Vladimir Putin on *+ril ,-' ./,01 K5hank you "ery much' &r President' for :ein% a:le to
see me here today. ;t seems that you know our :usiness in Russia as well as ; do. ;tJs the second time this year that ; "isit
Russia. 5he first time was at the s+ectacular closin% ceremony of the !lym+ics in Sochi. ; was there at the s+ecial in"itation of
our +artner' &r *le2ei &iller' and ; would like to say that ; was dee+ly im+ressed :y the 6uality of the e"ents and the
achie"ements of the Russian !lym+ians' and ; would like to con%ratulate you and the Russian )ederation on this remarka:le
achie"ement. #e2t month ; will :e :ack in Russia a%ain' attendin% the St. Peters:ur% conomic )orum. *s you said' this is a
s+ecial occasion :ecause today is the twentieth anni"ersary of the +artnershi+ that we ha"e in Sakhalin' a +artnershi+ that we are
e2ce+tionally +roud of. ; think that we ha"e achie"ed a lot internationally' in the *sian ener%y markets' and recently when ; was
in Sochi' ; a%reed with *le2ei &iller to take this +roIect forward into the ne2t +hase. WeJd like to :uild on this "ery successful'
"ery lon%$term +artnershi+' :ased on our outstandin% +osition on the *sian markets' and we :elie"e that this is the ri%ht moment
to e2+and the +roIect further. ; :elie"e this is a "ery sensi:le +roIect and a "ery effecti"e +roIect for the +artners and for the
Russian )ederation :ut it is also a +roIect that will need stron% su++ort for it to succeed. So' one of my +ur+oses at this meetin%'
&r President' is also to seek your su++ort for mo"in% forward with this +roIect. #e2t to this +roIect in the )ar ast' we also ha"e
"ery %ood coo+eration with (a@+rom #eft in Si:eria' and the Ioint "enture' Salym Petroleum De"elo+ment' is makin% a lot of
+ro%ress. *s we s+eak' &r President' we are actually drillin% the "ery latest$desi%n hori@ontal frackin% well at the Ba@heno"
shale' which is a "ery +romisin% area in the Russian )ederation. But at the same time' we are also lookin% at :oostin% more
con"entional resources :y de+loyin% the "ery latest technolo%y to%ether with our +artner' (a@+rom #eft' which will result in
enhanced oil reco"ery. But in addition to these two "ery successful e2istin% "entures' we are "ery keen to continue to de"elo+
our +osition in the Russian )ederation' &r President. 4ou may remem:er' a year a%o' when you "isited my country' you
witnessed the si%nin% of a num:er of memorandums we +ut to%ether with (a@+rom #eft' on *rctic de"elo+ment :ut also on
con"entional resource de"elo+ment in the Ba@heno" shale. We ha"e made +ro%ress since then and +erha+s a little later ; will
u+date you on the +ro%ress made. But itJs also fair to say' as you yourself said' &r President' amon% the international oil
com+anies' we are +ro:a:ly the most di"ersified international com+any workin% here in the Russian )ederation. We ha"e more
than a hundred retail sites in Russia' and we ha"e a remarka:le lu:ricants market +osition with the lu:ricants :ein%
manufactured here in Russia. We are the only international oil com+any that has mana%ed a +roIect on such a scale in Russia.
&r President' we came to Russia more than ,// years a%o. We are a com+any with a lon%$term "ision and we intend and as+ire
to :e a lon%$term +artner of the Russian )ederation. We are "ery +roud of the +osition that we ha"e achie"ed here :ut we also
look forward with confidence to de"elo+in% further our ties with and +resence in this country.L)
(Source1 Eremlin9Russian Presidential 2ecuti"e !ffice)
Ro:ert Dudley (left)' Chief 2ecuti"e of BP' meets with Prime &inister of Russia Vladimir Putin in &oscow' Russia in ./,,.
Robert Dudle$ attended the Bilderberg Meetings in 2012! 201*! and 2014' (Photo1 *le2ey Dru@hinin9Ria #o"osti)
President of Russia Vladimir V. Putin meets with British Petroleum officials in &oscow' Russia on 5uesday' Se+tem:er ,-'
./,.. Clockwise from left' Vladmir V. PutinN PutinJs inter+reterN Carl$>enric S"an:er%' chairman of the :oard of British
PetroleumN Ro:ert Dudley' chief e2ecuti"e officer of British PetroleumN and ;%or Sechin' chief of Russian oil com+any Rosneft.
arl-+enric ,vanberg and Robert Dudle$ have attended the Bilderberg Meetings in the past'
(R;* #o"osti9Reuters)
From Russia With Love?: Bilderberg Meetings participant Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands left! shares a toast "ith #resident
of Russia $ladi%ir #utin after the& un'eiled a pla(uette "ith hand i%print of #eter the )reat during a tour of the *er%itage
Museu% in +%sterda%, Netherlands on +pril -, 201./ Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands attended the 2014 Bilderber
!eetins held in "o#enhaen$ %enmar&' Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands is a direct descendant of Catherine the )reat and
#eter the )reat/ #hoto: +0# #hoto!
+lexe& Miller left!, Chair%an of the )a1pro% Manage%ent Co%%ittee, and Bilderber (rou# member )orma *llila +riht,$
-hairman of the board of Ro.al %ut-h /hell$ sign an agree%ent in +%sterda% on +pril -, 201./ #resident of Russia $ladi%ir
#utin 2
nd
left! appears "ith #ri%e Minister of the Netherlands Mar2 Rutte/ )orma *llila attended the 2014 Bilderber
!eetins -onferen-e held in "o#enhaen$ %enmar&' #hoto: )a1pro%!
-.cerpts on Russian (utocrac$ and Russian ivili/ation
K(utocrac$ 0as Russia1s peculiar institution' ;t was far older than Peter the (reat. >e had made it work more efficientlyN Stalin
made it work :etter than the Romano"s. Durin% the nineteenth century many of the most intelli%ent su:Iects of the 5sar criticised the
+rinci+les of autocracy' :ut for most Russians it was an acce+ta:le form of %o"ernment. 5he reasons for this %o dee+ into the Russian
+ast. 5he a:sence of clearly marked %eo%ra+hical frontiers tended to encoura%e dis+ersionN autocracy countered this tendency.
(utocrac$ e.pressed the religious and cultural unit$ of a people 0ho continued to believe that the 2rthodo. for" of
hristianit$ 0as closer to the spirit of &esus hrist than an$ other' Mosco0 beca"e the heir of the authoritarianis" of
B$/antiu"' Russia had neither a refor"ation! nor a religious 0ar! nor a capitalist class' Conse6uently her history lacked the
sha+e of n%lish de"elo+ment O a sha+e which n%land transmitted to the 3nited States. -nglish histor$ of the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries is in essence the record of ho0 cohesive social classes eroded' the po0er of the "onarch$' (s each class
0on freedo" for itself it gave an e.a"ple to another class' 3his struggle 0as fought 0ithin the fra"e0or# of a sovereign legal
s$ste"' 3he idea of 4a0 0as "ore i"portant than the idea of the ,tate' 3he la0s 0ere the rules b$ 0hich the political ga"e
0as pla$ed' 5n the end! -nglish develop"ent tended to reduce the ,tate to little "ore than a referee' ,ociet$ 0as ever$thing
and govern"ent 0as nothing: li:erty was wides+read :ut so was ine6uality. 3he -nglish develop"ent 0as hateful to "ost
Russians in the nineteenth centur$' 3he$ sa0 it as nothing but an e.cuse for the application of 6ungle la0! and thought little of
the boasted -nglish freedo"' 3he$ thought that it 0as "erel$ a freedo" for the strong to oppress the 0ea#' 3he$ thought that
freedo" 0as dangerous because it gave free rein to the 0orst instincts of the 0orst "en' 3he$ thought that the -nglish s$ste"
0as both naive and irreligious: it failed to ta#e into account the great fact of original sin' nli%htened Russians realised that their
country needed chan%e. ;n +articular' they understood the need to ada+t it to the ;ndustrial Re"olution' :ut they wanted to do this
without ado+tin% an n%lish ty+e of +arliamentary democracy. 5hey thou%ht that chan%e should :e initiated and +ushed throu%h :y an
enli%htened autocrat. Peter the (reat had modernised Russia1 there seemed to :e no reason why one of his nineteenth$century
successors should not imitate his achie"ement. Russian +olitical thou%ht was always more attracted :y the idea of e6uality than :y that
of li:erty. *utocracy was alle%ed to create e6uality. *ll were e6ually the su:Iects of the most hi%h 5sar. >is unfettered will was more
humane than any im+ersonal le%al system. 3he belief in autocrac$ has been one of the constant features of Russian histor$'L
O Russia from 1812 to 1945: A History :y (raham Ste+henson' +. ,7$,D
K5he forei%n +olicy of Russia in the first half of the nineteenth century was characteri@ed :y a not unnatural am:i"alence. 3nresol"ed
+ro:lems of national interest' arisin% from earlier territorial %ains' necessarily continued to dri"e her to further e2+ansion. #owhere is
the truth of the sayin%' K5he a++etite %rows with eatin%'L more clearly e2em+lified than in RussiaPs relations with 5urkey. !ri%inally
+urely defensi"e' directed at checkin% the destructi"e raids of the Crimean 5atars' Russian +olicy and Russian arms had under
Catherine %i"en her a wholly defensi:le frontier' the northern shore line of the Black Sea. 5he natural se6uel had :een her K(reek
+roIect'L desi%ned to seat her %randson on the throne of a re$created Christian em+ire at Constantino+le. Such futile dreams a+art' the
consolidation of Russian +ower o"er Little Russia and the ac6uisition of #ew Russia had laid the :asis for a new national Russian
interest' 3he possibilit$ of gro0ing 0heat! and the "ounting de"and for 0heat in the 7est! "ade control of the ,traits! the
narro0 outlet fro" the Blac# ,ea to the Mediterranean! of para"ount i"portance to Russia' 5t 0as not sufficient to secure
guarantees for peaceful co""erce8 in an uncertain 0orld! in 0hich 9international la0: re"ains a fiction! onl$ "ilitar$ control
of the essential passage could reall$ satisf$ Russian national interests' ;et this Russian craving! natural though it "ight be!
see"ed to threaten to disturb the balance of the 0orld' 5t 0as naturall$ regarded b$ the "istress of the seas as a special
"enace to her predo"inance' 5f Russia 0as deter"ined to secure control of the ,traits < the Bosporus and Dardanelles < Great
Britain 0as no less deter"ined to prevent it' 3hus 0as brought into focus the do"inant the"e of nineteenth-centur$
diplo"ac$! the 9cold 0ar: 0aged bet0een Britain and Russia! in 0hich Britain persistentl$ pursued a polic$ of 9contain"ent:
of an$ Russian e.pansion in an$ =uarter 0hich -ngland could effectivel$ reach' 5he 6uarrel had' of course' still wider
im+lications. Britain had +layed the lionPs role in destroyin% the +ower of )rance and in tum:lin% the uro+ean dictatorshi+ of
#a+oleon' :ut this tremendous "ictory had not :een attained sin%le$handed. &uch as Russia had owed to British su:sidies' the fact
remained that without the massed military mi%ht of Russia the Battle of Lei+@i% and the cam+ai%n around Paris in ,-,0 would ha"e
:een im+ossi:le. 5here was no 6uestion that' ne2t to (reat Britain' Russia was the leadin% world +ower. ;t was ine"ita:le' then' that
in the "ery moment of trium+h there should de"elo+ a stron% +olarity :etween (reat Britain and Russia. ;ne"ita:le is a word at which
e"ery historian shies' :ut it is the ine"ita:ility of s+ecific e"ents' not of %eneral trends' that chiefly %i"es him +ause. 5here was no
reason to :e sur+rised that' less than si2 months after the a:dication of #a+oleon' the "ictorious allies' led on o++osite sides :y (reat
Britain and :y Russia' should :e threatenin% each other with war o"er the Polish 6uestion. 5em+orary community of lar%er interests
momentarily +re"ented o+en conflict. 5hou%h *le2anderPs mystically concei"ed K>oly *llianceL was sidetracked' the Concert of
uro+e found e2+ression in the Huadru+le (later Huintu+le) *lliance. Stron%er than RussiaJs nati"e e2+ansionist tendencies was
RussiaPs desire to +reser"e the status 6uo arri"ed at :y the 5reaty of Paris (,-,0) and :y the )inal *ct of the Con%ress of Vienna
(,-,F). Determined to +reser"e intact the e2istin% re%ime in Russia itself' it had :een only natural for *le2ander ; and' in lar%e
measure' for his :rother #icholas ;' to wish to +reser"e also the e2istin% international re%ime. 3his 0as the basis for Russia1s role as
9the gendar"e of -urope!: read$ to sta"p out an$0here an$ "ove"ent threatening the established order'L O A History of
Russia :y =esse D. Clarkson' +. .-0$.-F
K;n the nineteenth century most historians re%arded Russia as +art of uro+e :ut it is now :ecomin% increasin%ly clear that
Russia is another ci"ili@ation 6uite se+arate from Western Ci"ili@ation. Both of these ci"ili@ations are descended from Classical
Ci"ili@ation' :ut the connection with this +redecessor was made so differently that two 6uite different traditions came into
e2istence. Russian traditions were deri"ed from By@antium directlyN Western traditions were deri"ed from the more moderate
Classical Ci"ili@ation indirectly' ha"in% +assed throu%h the Dark *%es when there was no state or %o"ernment in the West.
Russian ci"ili@ation was created from three sources ori%inally1 (,) the Sla" +eo+le' (.) Vikin% in"aders from the north' and (A)
the By@antine tradition from the south. 5hese three were fused to%ether as the result of a common e2+erience arisin% from
RussiaJs e2+osed %eo%ra+hical +osition on the western ed%e of a %reat flat$land stretchin% for thousands of miles to the east. 5his
flat$land is di"ided hori@ontally into three @ones of which the most southern is o+en +lain' while the most northern is o+en :ush
and tundra. 5he middle @one is forest. 5he southern @one (or ste++es) consists of two +arts1 the southern is a salty +lain which is
+ractically useless' while the northern +art' ne2t to the forest' is the famous :lack$earth re%ion of rich a%ricultural soil.
3nfortunately the eastern +ortion of this %reat urasian +lain has :een %ettin% steadily drier for thousands of years' with the
conse6uence that the 3ral$*ltaic$s+eakin% +eo+les of central and east$central *sia' +eo+les like the >uns' Bul%ars' &a%yars'
&on%ols' and 5urks' ha"e +ushed westward re+eatedly alon% the ste++e corridor :etween the 3rals and the Cas+ian Sea' makin%
the :lack$earth ste++es dan%erous for sedentary a%ricultural +eo+les. 5he Sla"s first a++eared more than two thousand years a%o
as a +eaceful' e"asi"e +eo+le' with an economy :ased on huntin% and rudimentary a%riculture' in the forests of eastern Poland.
5hese +eo+le slowly increased in num:ers' mo"in% northeastward throu%h the forests' mi2in% with the scattered )innish huntin%
+eo+le who were there already. *:out *.D. D// or so' the #orthmen' whom we know as Vikin%s' came down from the Baltic
Sea' :y way of the ri"ers of eastern uro+e' and e"entually reached the Black Sea and attacked Constantino+le. 5hese #orthmen
were tryin% to make a way of life out of militarism' sei@in% :ooty and sla"es' im+osin% tri:ute on con6uered +eo+les' collectin%
furs' honey' and wa2 from the timid Sla"s lurkin% in their forests' and e2chan%in% these for the colorful +roducts of the
By@antine south. ;n time the #orthmen set u+ fortified tradin% +osts alon% their ri"er hi%hways' nota:ly at #o"%orod in the
north' at Smolensk in the center' and at Eie" in the south. 5hey married Sla" women and im+osed on the rudimentary
a%ricultural$huntin% economy of the Sla"s a su+erstructure of a tri:ute$collectin% state with an e2+loitati"e' militaristic'
commercial economy. 3his created the pattern of a t0o-class Russian societ$ 0hich has continued ever since! "uch
intensified b$ subse=uent historical events' 5n ti"e the ruling class of Russia beca"e ac=uainted 0ith B$/antine culture'
3he$ 0ere da//led b$ it! and sought to i"port it into their 0ilderness do"ains in the north' 5n this 0a$ the$ i"posed on
the ,lav peoples "an$ of the accessories of the B$/antine -"pire! such as 2rthodo. hristianit$! the B$/antine
alphabet! the B$/antine calendar! the used of do"ed ecclesiastical architecture! the na"e /ar >aesar? for their ruler!
and innu"erable other traits' Most i"portant of all! the$ i"ported the B$/antine totalitarian autocrac$! under 0hich all
aspects of life! including political! econo"ic! intellectual! and religious! 0ere regarded as depart"ents of govern"ent!
under the control of an autocratic ruler' 3hese beliefs 0ere part of the Gree# tradition! and 0ere based ulti"atel$ on
Gree# inabilit$ to distinguish bet0een state and societ$' ,ince societ$ includes all hu"an activities! the Gree#s had
assu"ed that the state "ust include all hu"an activities' ;n the days of Classical (reece this all$inclusi"e entity was called
the polis' a term which meant :oth society and stateN in the later Roman +eriod this all$inclusi"e entity was called the im+erium.
5he only difference was that the +olis was sometimes (as in PericlesJs *thens a:out 0F/ B.C.) democratic' while the im+erium
was always a military autocracy. Both were totalitarian' so that reli%ion and economic life were re%arded as s+heres of
%o"ernmental acti"ity. 3his totalitarian autocratic tradition 0as carried on to the B$/antine -"pire and passed fro" it to
the Russian state in the north and to the later 2tto"an -"pire in the south' 5n the north this B$/antine tradition
co"bined 0ith the e.perience of the @orth"en to intensif$ the t0o-class structure of ,lav societ$' 5n the ne0 ,lav >or
2rthodo.? ivili/ation this fusion! fitting together the B$/antine tradition and the Ai#ing tradition! created Russia' )ro"
B$/antiu" ca"e autocrac$ and the idea of the state as an absolute po0er and as a totalitarian po0er! as 0ell as such
i"portant applications of these principles as the idea that the state should control thought and religion! that the hurch
should be a branch of the govern"ent! that la0 is an enact"ent of the state! and that the ruler is se"i-divine' )ro" the
Ai#ings ca"e the idea that the state is a foreign i"portation! based on "ilitaris" and supported b$ boot$ and tribute!
that econo"ic innovations are the function of the govern"ent! that po0er rather than la0 is the basis of social life! and
that societ$! 0ith its people and its propert$! is the private propert$ of a foreign ruler' 3hese concepts of the Russian
s$ste" "ust be e"phasi/ed because the$ are so foreign to our o0n traditions' ;n the West' the Roman m+ire (which
continued in the ast as the By@antine m+ire) disa++eared in 0D7 and' althou%h many efforts were made to re"i"e it' there was
clearly a +eriod' a:out ?//' when there was no em+ire' no state' and no +u:lic authority in the West. 3he state disappeared! $et
societ$ continued' ,o also! religious and econo"ic life continued' 3his clearl$ sho0ed that the state and societ$ 0ere not
the sa"e thing! that societ$ 0as the basic entit$! and that the state 0as a cro0ning! but not essential! cap to the social
structure' 3his e.perience had revolutionar$ effects' 5t 0as discovered that "an can live 0ithout a state8 this beca"e the
basis of 7estern liberalis"' 5t 0as discovered that the state! if it e.ists! "ust serve "en and that it is incorrect to believe
that the purpose of "en is to serve the state' 5t 0as discovered that econo"ic life! religious life! la0! and private propert$
can all e.ist and function effectivel$ 0ithout a state' )ro" this e"erged laisse/-faire! separation of hurch and ,tate!
rule of la0! and the sanctit$ of private propert$' 5n Ro"e! in B$/antiu"! and in Russia! la0 0as regarded as an
enact"ent of a supre"e po0er' 5n the 7est! 0hen no supre"e po0er e.isted! it 0as discovered that la0 still e.isted as
the bod$ of rules 0hich govern social life' 3hus la0 0as found b$ observation in the 7est! not enacted b$ autocrac$ as in
the -ast' 3his "eant that authorit$ 0as established b$ la0 and under the la0 in the 7est! 0hile authorit$ 0as
established b$ po0er and above the la0 in the -ast' 3he 7est felt that the rules of econo"ic life 0ere found and not
enacted8 that individuals had rights independent of! and even opposed to! public authorit$8 that groups could e.ist! as the
hurch e.isted! b$ right and not b$ privilege! and 0ithout the need to have an$ charter of incorporation entitling the"
to e.ist as a group or act as a group8 that groups or individuals could o0n propert$ as a right and not as a privilege and
that such propert$ could not be ta#en b$ force but "ust be ta#en b$ established process of la0' ;t was em+hasi@ed in the
West that the way a thin% was done was more im+ortant than what was done' while in the ast what was done was far more
si%nificant than the way in which it was done. 3here 0as also another basic distinction bet0een 7estern ivili/ation and
Russian ivili/ation' 3his 0as derived fro" the histor$ of hristianit$' 5his new faith came into Classical Ci"ili@ation from
Semitic society.L
O Tragedy ad Hope :y Carroll Hui%ley' Cha+ter D (Creation of the Russian Ci"ili@ation)' +. -,$-A
K5he %eneral trend of intellectual de"elo+ment in Russia in the years :efore ,?,0 could hardly :e re%arded as ho+eful. 5o :e
sure' there were considera:le ad"ances in some fields such as literacy' natural science' mathematics' and economic thou%ht' :ut
these contri:uted little to any %rowth of moderation or to RussiaPs %reatest intellectual need' a more inte%rated outlook on life.
5he influence of the old !rthodo2 reli%ious attitude continued e"en in those who most em+hatically reIected it. 5he :asic
attitude of the Western tradition had %rown toward di"ersity and toleration' :ased on the :elief that e"ery as+ect of life and of
human e2+erience and e"ery indi"idual has some +lace in the com+le2 structure of reality if that +lace can only :e found and
that' accordin%ly' unity of the whole of life can :e reached :y way of di"ersity rather than :y any com+ulsory uniformity. 5his
idea was entirely forei%n to the Russian mind. *ny Russian thinker' and hordes of other Russians with no ca+acity for thou%ht'
were dri"en :y an insatia:le thirst to find the KkeyL to life and to truth. !nce this KkeyL has :een found' all other as+ects of
human e2+erience must :e reIected as e"il' and all men must :e com+elled to acce+t that key as the whole of life in a dreadful
unity of uniformity. 5o make matters worse' many Russian thinkers sou%ht to analy@e the com+le2ities of human e2+erience :y
+olari@in% these into antitheses of mutually e2clusi"e dualisms1 Westerners "ersus Sla"o+hiles' indi"idualism "ersus community'
freedom "ersus fate' re"olutionary "ersus reactionary' nature "ersus con"entions' autocracy "ersus anarchy' and such. 5here was
no lo%ical correlation :etween these' so that indi"idual thinkers fre6uently em:raced either side of any antithesis' formin% an
incredi:le mi2ture of emotionally held faiths. &oreo"er' indi"idual thinkers fre6uently shifted from one side to another' or e"en
oscillated :ack and forth :etween the e2tremes of these dualisms. ;n the most ty+ical Russian minds :oth e2tremes were held
simultaneously' re%ardless of lo%ical com+ati:ility' in some kind of hi%her mystic unity :eyond rational analysis. 5hus' Russian
thou%ht +ro"ides us with strikin% e2am+les of (od$into2icated atheists' re"olutionary reactionaries' "iolent nonresisters'
:elli%erent +acifists' com+ulsory li:erators' and indi"idualistic totalitarians. 5he :asic characteristic of Russian thou%ht is its
e2tremism. 5his took two forms1 (,) any +ortion of human e2+erience to which alle%iance was %i"en :ecame the whole truth'
demandin% total alle%iance' all else :ein% e"il dece+tionN and (.) e"ery li"in% +erson was e2+ected to acce+t this same +ortion or
:e damned as a minion of anti$Christ. 5hose who em:raced the state were e2+ected to em:race it as an autocracy in which the
indi"idual had no ri%hts' else their alle%iance was not +ureN those who denied the state were e2+ected to reIect it utterly :y
ado+tin% anarchism. 5hose who :ecame materialists had to :ecome com+lete nihilists without +lace for any con"ention'
ceremony' or sentiment. 5hose who 6uestioned some minor as+ect of the reli%ious system were e2+ected to :ecome militant
atheists' and if they did not take this ste+ themsel"es' were dri"en to it :y the cler%y. 5hose who were considered to :e s+iritual
or said they were s+iritual were for%i"en e"ery kind of corru+tion and lechery (like Ras+utin) :ecause such material as+ects were
irrele"ant. 5hose who sym+athi@ed with the o++ressed were e2+ected to :ury themsel"es in the masses' li"in% like them' eatin%
dike them' dressin% like them' and renouncin% all culture and thou%ht (if they :elie"ed the masses lacked these thin%s). 5he
e2tremism of Russian thinkers can :e seen in their attitudes toward such :asic as+ects of human e2+erience as +ro+erty' reason'
the state' art' se2' or +ower. *lways there was a fanatical tendency to eliminate as sinful and e"il anythin% e2ce+t the one as+ect
which the thinker considered to :e the key to the cosmos. *le2ei Ehomyako" (,-/0$,-7/)' a Sla"o+hile' wanted to reIect reason
com+letely' re%ardin% it as Kthe mortal sin of the West'L while )Qdor Dostoe"ski (,-.,$,--,) went so far in this direction that he
wished to destroy all lo%ic and all arithmetic' seekin%' he said' Kto free humanity from the tyranny of two +lus two e6uals four.L
&any Russian thinkers' lon% :efore the So"iets' re%arded all +ro+erty as sinful. !thers felt the same way a:out se2. Leo 5olstoi'
the %reat no"elist and essayist (,-.-$,?,/)' considered all +ro+erty and all se2 to :e e"il. Western thou%ht' which has usually
tried to find a +lace in the cosmos for e"erythin% and has felt that anythin% is acce+ta:le in its +ro+er +lace' recoils from such
fanaticism. 5he West' for e2am+le' has rarely felt it necessary to Iustify the e2istence of art' :ut many thinkers in Russia (like
Plato lon% a%o) ha"e reIected all art as e"il. 5olstoi' amon% others' had moments (as in the essay !hat "s Art# !f ,-?D or $
%hakespeare ad the &rama of ,?/A) when he denounced most art and literature' includin% his own no"els' as "ain' irrele"ant'
and satanic. Similarly the West' while it has sometimes looked askance at se2 and more fre6uently has o"er$em+hasi@ed it' has
%enerally felt that se2 had a +ro+er function in its +ro+er +lace. ;n Russia' howe"er' many thinkers includin% once a%ain 5olstoi
(5he Ereut@er Sonata of ,--?)' ha"e insisted that se2 was e"il in all +laces and under all circumstances' and most sinful in
marria%e. 5he disru+ti"e effects of such ideas u+on social or family life can :e seen in the later years of 5olstoiPs +ersonal life'
culminatin% in his last final hatred of his lon%$sufferin% wife whom he came to re%ard as the instrument of his fall from %race.
But while 5olstoi +raised marria%e without se2' other Russians' with e"en %reater "ehemence' +raised se2 without marria%e'
re%ardin% this social institution as an unnecessary im+ediment in the +ath of +ure human im+ulse. ;n some ways we find in
5olstoi the culmination of Russian thou%ht. >e reIected all +ower' all "iolence' most art' all se2' all +u:lic authority' and all
+ro+erty as e"il. 5o him the key of the uni"erse was to he found in ChristPs inIunction' KResist not e"il.L *ll other as+ects of
ChristPs teachin%s e2ce+t those which flow directly from this were reIected' includin% any :elief in ChristPs di"inity or in a
+ersonal (od. )rom this inIunction flowed 5olstoiJs ideas of non"iolence and nonresistance and his faith that only in this way
could manPs ca+acity for a s+iritual lo"e so +owerful that it could sol"e all social +ro:lems he li:erated. 5his idea of 5olstoi'
althou%h :ased on ChristPs inIunction' is not so much a reflection of Christianity as it is of the :asic Russian assum+tion that any
+hysical defeat must re+resent a s+iritual "ictory' and that the latter could :e achie"ed only throu%h the former. Such a +oint of
"iew could :e held only :y +ersons to whom all +ros+erity or ha++iness is not only irrele"ant :ut sinful. *nd this +oint of "iew
could :e held with such fanaticism only :y +ersons to whom life' family' or any o:Iecti"e %ain is worthless. 5his is a dominant
idea in all the Russian ;ntelli%entsia' an idea %oin% :ack throu%h Plato to ancient *sia1 *ll o:Iecti"e reality is of no im+ortance
e2ce+t as sym:ols for some su:Iecti"e truth. 5his was' of course' the +oint of "iew of the #eo+latonic thinkers of the early
Christian +eriod. ;t was %enerally the +oint of "iew of the early Christian heretics and of those Western heretics like the Cathari
(*l:i%enses) who were deri"ed from this astern +hiloso+hic +osition. ;n modern Russian thou%ht it is well re+resented :y
Dostoe"ski' who while chronolo%ically earlier than 5olstoi is s+iritually later. 5o Dostoe"ski e"ery o:Iect and e"ery act is
merely a sym:ol for some elusi"e s+iritual truth. )rom this +oint of "iew comes an outlook which makes his characters almost
incom+rehensi:le to the a"era%e +erson in the Western tradition1 if such a character o:tains a fortune' he cries' K; am ruinedRL ;f
he is ac6uitted on a murder char%e' or seems likely to :e' he e2claims' S; am condemned'S and seeks to incriminate himself in
order to ensure the +unishment which is so necessary for his own s+iritual self$ac6uittal. ;f he deli:erately misses his o++onent
in a duel' he has a %uilty conscience' and says' K; should not ha"e inIured him thusN ; should ha"e killed himRL ;n each case the
s+eaker cares nothin% a:out +ro+erty' +unishment' or life. >e cares only a:out s+iritual "alues1 asceticism' %uilt' remorse' inIury
to onePs self$res+ect. ;n the same way' the early reli%ious thinkers' :oth Christian and non$Christian' re%arded all o:Iects as
sym:ols for s+iritual "alues' all tem+oral success as an inhi:ition on s+iritual life' and felt that wealth could :e o:tained only :y
%ettin% rid of +ro+erty' life could :e found only :y dyin% (a direct 6uotation from Plato)' eternity could :e found only if time
ended' and the soul could :e freed only if the :ody were ensla"ed. 5hus' as late as ,?,/ when 5olstoi died' Russia remained true
to its (reek$By@antine intellectual tradition. We ha"e noted that Dostoe"ski' who li"ed sli%htly :efore 5olstoi' ne"ertheless had
ideas which were chronolo%ically in ad"ance of 5olstoiPs ideas. ;n fact' in many ways' Dostoe"ski was a +recursor of the
Bolshe"iks. oncentrating his attention on povert$! cri"e! and hu"an "iser$! al0a$s see#ing the real "eaning behind
ever$ overt act or 0ord! he eventuall$ reached a position 0here the distinction bet0een appearance and significance
beca"e so 0ide that these t0o 0ere in contradiction 0ith each other' 3his contradiction 0as reall$ the struggle bet0een
God and the Devil in the soul of "an' ,ince this struggle is 0ithout end! there is no solution to "enBs proble"s e.cept to
face suffering resolutel$' ,uch suffering purges "en of all artificialit$ and 6oins the" together in one "ass' 5n this "ass
the Russian people! because of their greater suffering and their greater spiritualit$! are the hope of the 0orld and "ust
save the 0orld fro" the "aterialis"! violence! and selfishness of 7estern civili/ation' 3he Russian people! on the other
hand! filled 0ith self-sacrifice! and 0ith no allegiance to lu.ur$ or "aterial gain! and purified b$ suffering 0hich "a#es
the" the brothers of all other suffering people! 0ill save the 0orld b$ ta#ing up the s0ord of righteousness against the
forces of evil ste""ing fro" -urope' onstantinople 0ill be sei/ed! all the ,lavs 0ill be liberated! and -urope and the
0orld 0ill be forced into freedo" b$ con=uest! so that Mosco0 "an$ beco"e the 3hird Ro"e' Before Russia is fit to save
the 0orld in this 0a$! ho0ever! the Russian intellectuals "ust "erge the"selves in the great "ass of the suffering
Russian people! and the Russian people "ust adopt -uropeBs science and technolog$ unconta"inated b$ an$ -uropean
ideolog$' 3he blood spilled in this effort to e.tend ,lav brotherhood to the 0hole 0orld b$ force 0ill aid the cause! for
suffering shared 0ill "a#e "en one' 5his mystical Sla" im+erialism with its a+ocaly+tical o"ertones was :y no means
uni6uely Dostoe"skiPs. ;t was held in a "a%ue and im+licit fashion :y many Russian thinkers' and had a wide a++eal to the
unthinkin% masses. ;t was im+lied in much of the +ro+a%anda of Pan$Sla"ism' and :ecame semiofficial with the %rowth of this
+ro+a%anda after ,?/-. ;t was wides+read amon% the !rthodo2 cler%y' who em+hasi@ed the rei%n of ri%hteousness which would
follow the millennialist esta:lishment of &oscow as the K5hird Rome.L ;t was e2+licitly stated in a :ook' Russia ad 'urope'
+u:lished in ,-7? :y #icholas Danile"sky (,-..$,--F). Such ideas' as we shall see' did not die out with the +assin% of the
Romano" autocracy in ,?,D' :ut :ecame e"en more influential' mer%in% with the Leninist re"ision of &ar2ism to +ro"ide the
ideolo%y of So"iet Russia after ,?,D.L
O Tragedy ad Hope :y Carroll Hui%ley' Cha+ter D (Creation of the Russian Ci"ili@ation)' +. ,/,$,/F
;n this handout ima%e +ro"ided :y >ost Photo *%ency' President of Russia Vladimir Putin (left) shakes hands with Christine La%arde'
&ana%in% Director of the ;nternational &onetary )und' at the (./ Summit in St. Peters:ur%' Russia on Se+tem:er F' ./,A. hristine
4agarde attended the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference held in openhagen! Den"ar# fro" Ma$ 2%! 2014 until &une 1!
2014' (Photo1 >andout9(etty ;ma%es uro+e)
)orei%n &inister of Sweden Carl Bildt (left) shakes hands with )orei%n &inister of ;ran &ohammad$=a"ad Garif (ri%ht) after a
+ress conference in 5ehran' ;ran on )e:ruary 0' ./,0. arl Bildt attended the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference held in
openhagen! Den"ar#' (8inhua9*hmad >ala:isa@)
#resident of %ainland Co%%unist China 3i 4inping second left!, his "ife #eng 5i&uan left!, 6ing 7ille% +lexander of the Netherlands
center!, Queen Maxi%a of the Netherlands second right!, and #rincess Beatrix of the Netherlands right! pose for the official photo at the
ro&al palace in +%sterda%, Netherlands on Saturda&, March 22, 2014/ 0rin-ess Beatrix of the Netherlands attended the 2014 Bilderber
!eetins -onferen-e held in "o#enhaen$ %enmar&' #hotot: +# #hoto8#eter 9e:ong!
4or%a ;llila right!, Chair%an of Ro&al 9utch Shell, spea2s "hile Robert 9udle& left!, C<; of British #etroleu% B#!, listens during the
second da& of the St/ )allen S&%posiu%, a platfor% for dialogue on 2e& issues in %anage%ent, the entrepreneurial en'iron%ent and the
interfaces bet"een business, politics and ci'il societ&, at the =ni'ersit& of St/ )allen, S"it1erland on Ma& 1., 2011/ *llila and %udle.
attended the 2014 Bilderber !eetins held in "o#enhaen$ %enmar&' #hoto: <#+8<NN>; 5<+N?+!
#*5! Secretary (eneral *nders )o%h Rasmussen (ri%ht) and incomin% Su+reme *llied Commander of uro+e 3.S. *ir )orce
(eneral Phili+ Breedlo"e attend a +ress conference durin% a chan%e of command ceremony for #*5!Js Su+reme *llied Commander
of uro+e on &ay ,A' ./,A. Ras"ussen and Breedlove attended the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference held in openhagen!
Den"ar#' (#*5! Photo)
(oo%le chief e2ecuti"e ric Schmidt (left) and PayPal co$founder Peter 5hiel (ri%ht) attended the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s held
in Co+enha%en' Denmark. (Photo1 &asha:le9Sydney &ornin% >erald)
*enr& 6issinger left!, for%er =/S/ Secretar& of State, appears "ith Robert </ Rubin, Co@Chair%an of the Council on 0oreign
Relations and for%er =/S/ Secretar& of the Areasur& at a Council on 0oreign Relations %eeting/ *enr& 6issinger and Robert </
Rubin attended the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference held in Copenhagen, 9en%ar2 fro% Ma& 2B, 2014 until 4une 1, 2014/
*enr& 6issinger and Robert </ Rubin attended the Bilderberg Meetings conferences together fro% 2010 until 2014/
#hoto: Council on 0oreign Relations 201. +nnual Report!
Christine La%arde (left)' &ana%in% Director of the ;nternational &onetary )und (;&))' %reets former 3.S. Secretary of State >enry
Eissin%er at the conomic Clu: of #ew 4ork in #ew 4ork City on *+ril ,/' ./,A. 4agarde and Cissinger attended the 2014
Bilderberg Meetings conference held in openhagen! Den"ar#' 5he man on the far ri%ht is =aco: )renkel' former (o"ernor of the
Bank of ;srael. (Photo1 conomic Clu: of #ew 4ork)
British Chancellor of the 2che6uer (eor%e !s:orne (left) a++ears with ;nternational &onetary )und &ana%in% Director
Christine La%arde durin% a s+eech at Chatham >ouse' the head6uarters of 5he Royal ;nstitute of ;nternational *ffairs' in
London' 3nited Ein%dom on Se+tem:er ?' ./,,. George 2sborne and hristine 4agarde attended the 2014 Bilderberg
Meetings conference held in openhagen! Den"ar#' (Photo1 WP* Pool9(etty ;ma%es uro+e)
Christine La%arde (left)' &ana%in% Director of the ;nternational &onetary )und' a++ears with the out%oin% Prime &inister of
;taly &ario &onti at the World conomic )orum conference in Da"os' Swit@erland on =anuary .0' ./,A. Christine La%arde and
&ario &onti attended the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference held in Co+enha%en' Denmark.
(Photo1 htt+199www.ft.com9cms9s9/90fe/:fFe$7F0f$,,e.$-:/A$//,00fea:0?a.htmlTslide0)
&ario &onti (left)' the Prime &inister of ;taly' and =osef *ckermann (ri%ht)' C! of Deutsche Bank' lau%h durin% a session at
the 0-th &unich Security Conference in &unich' (ermany on Saturday' )e:ruary 0' ./,.. &ario &onti and =osef *ckermann
attended the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference held in Co+enha%en' Denmark. (Photo1 &atthias Schrader9*P)
Prominent *nti$War Huotes from )amous &en
KBut the safety of the +eo+le of *merica a%ainst dan%ers from foreig force de+ends not only on their for:earin% to %i"e (ust
causes of war to other nations' :ut also on their +lacin% and continuin% themsel"es in such a situation as not to i)ite hostility or
insultN for it need not :e o:ser"ed that there are preteded as well as Iust causes of war. 5t is too true! ho0ever disgraceful it
"a$ be to hu"an nature! that nations in general 0ill "a#e 0ar 0henever the$ have a prospect of getting an$thing b$ it8
na$! absolute "onarchs 0ill often "a#e 0ar 0hen their nations are to get nothing b$ it! but for the purposes and ob6ects
"erel$ personal! such as thirst for "ilitar$ glor$! revenge for personal affronts! a"bition! or private co"pacts to
aggrandi/e or support their particular fa"ilies or partisans' 5hese and a "ariety of other moti"es' which affect only the
mind of the so"erei%n' often lead him to en%a%e in wars not sanctified :y Iustice or the "oice and interests of his +eo+le.L
O =ohn =ay' *ederalist #o. 0
KWhy' of course the +eo+le donJt want war. Why would some +oor slo: on a farm want to risk his life in a war when the :est
that he can %et out of it is to come :ack to his farm in one +iece< #aturally' the common +eo+le donJt want warN neither in
Russia nor in n%land' nor in *merica' nor for that matter in (ermany. 5hat is understood. But' after all' it is the leaders of the
country who determine the +olicy and it is always a sim+le matter to dra% the +eo+le alon% whether itPs a democracy' a fascist
dictatorshi+' a +arliament' or a communist dictatorshi+. U:ut "oice or no "oice' the +eo+le can always :e :rou%ht to the :iddin%
of the leaders. 5hat is easy. *ll you ha"e to do is tell them they are :ein% attacked' and denounce the +acifists for lack of
+atriotism and e2+osin% the country to dan%er. ;t works the same way in any country.L
O >ermann (oerin%' in a con"ersation with 3.S. *rmy Ca+tain (usta"e (il:ert in a +rison cell durin% the #urem:er% trials' on
*+ril ,-' ,?07. from #urem:er% Diary' :y (usta"e &. (il:ert
KWar is a racket. ;t always has :een. ;t is +ossi:ly the oldest' easily the most +rofita:le' surely the most "icious. ;t is the only
one international in sco+e. ;t is the only one in which the +rofits are reckoned in dollars and the losses in li"es. * racket is :est
descri:ed' ; :elie"e' as somethin% that is not what it seems to the maIority of the +eo+le. !nly a small KinsideL %rou+ knows
what it is a:out. ;t is conducted for the :enefit of the "ery few' at the e2+ense of the "ery many. !ut of war a few +eo+le make
hu%e fortunes.L O Smedley D. Butler' Retired &aIor (eneral of the 3.S. &arine Cor+s' !ar is a Ra+ket
K2f all the ene"ies to public libert$ 0ar is! perhaps! the "ost to be dreaded! because it co"prises and develops the ger"
of ever$ other' 7ar is the parent of ar"ies8 fro" these proceed debts and ta.esN and armies' and de:ts' and ta2es are the
known instruments for :rin%in% the many under the domination of the few. ;n war' too' the discretionary +ower of the 2ecuti"e
is e2tendedN its influence in dealin% out offices' honors' and emoluments is multi+liedN and all the means of seducin% the minds'
are added to those of su:duin% the force' of the +eo+le. 5he same mali%nant as+ect in re+u:licanism may :e traced in the
ine6uality of fortunes' and the o++ortunities of fraud' %rowin% out of a state of war' and in the de%eneracy of manners and of
morals en%endered :y :oth. @o nation could preserve its freedo" in the "idst of continual 0arfare'L
O 3.S. Con%ressman =ames &adison' from ,oliti+al $bser)atios' *+ril ./' ,D?F
KWar is at :est :ar:arismU ; am tired and sick of war. ;ts %lory is all moonshine. ;t is only those who ha"e neither fired a shot'
nor heard the shrieks and %roans of the wounded who cry aloud for :lood' more "en%eance' more desolation. War is hell.L
O 3.S. *rmy (en. William 5ecumseh Sherman' Commandin% (eneral of the 3nited States *rmy (,-7?$,--A)' in an address to
the &ichi%an &ilitary *cademy on =une ,?' ,-D?
("erican Dresident George 7ashington1s Re"ar#s about )oreign 5ntrigues! 5n +is 20n 7ords
K;n the e2ecution of such a +lan nothin% is more essential than that +ermanent' in"eterate anti+athies a%ainst +articular #ations
and +assionate attachments for others should :e e2cludedN and that in +lace of them Iust and amica:le feelin%s towards all should
:e culti"ated. 3he @ation! 0hich indulges to0ards another an habitual hatred! or an habitual fondness! is in so"e degree
a slave' 5t is a slave to its ani"osit$ or to its affection! either of 0hich is sufficient to lead it astra$ fro" its dut$ and its
interest' *nti+athy in one #ation a%ainst another' dis+oses each more readily to offer insult and inIury' to lay hold of sli%ht
causes of um:ra%e' and to :e hau%hty and intracta:le' when accidental or triflin% occasions of dis+ute occur. >ence fre6uent
collisions' o:stinate en"enomed' and :loody contests. 5he #ation' +rom+ted :y ill will and resentment sometimes im+els to War
the (o"ernment' contrary to the :est calculations of +olicy. 5he %o"ernment sometimes +artici+ates in the national +ro+ensity'
and ado+ts throu%h +assion what reason would reIectN at other times' it makes the animosity of the #ation su:ser"ient to +roIects
of hostility insti%ated :y +ride' am:ition and other sinister and +ernicious moti"es. 5he +eace often' sometimes +erha+s the
Li:erty' of #ations has :een the "ictim. So' likewise' a +assionate attachment of one #ation for another +roduces a "ariety of
e"ils. ,$"path$ for the favourite nation! facilitating the illusion of an i"aginar$ co""on interest! in cases 0here no real
co""on interest e.ists! and infusing into one the en"ities of the other! betra$s the for"er into a participation in the
=uarrels and 7ars of the latter 0ithout ade=uate induce"ent or 6ustification1 ;t leads also to concessions to the fa"ourite
#ation of +ri"iled%es denied to others' which is a+t dou:ly to inIure the #ation makin% the concessionsN :y unnecessarily +artin%
with what ou%ht to ha"e :een retainedN and :y e2citin% Iealousy' ill will' and a dis+osition to retaliate' in the +arties from whom
e6l. +ri"iled%es are withheld1 (nd it gives to a"bitious! corrupted! or deluded citi/ens >0ho devote the"selves to the
favourite @ation? facilit$ to betra$! or sacrifice the interests of their o0n countr$! 0ithout odiu"! so"eti"es even 0ith
popularit$N %ildin% with the a++earances of a "irtuous sense of o:li%ation a commenda:le deference for +u:lic o+inion' or a
lauda:le @eal for +u:lic %ood' the :ase or foolish com+liances of am:ition corru+tion or infatuation. *s a"enues to forei%n
influence in innumera:le ways' such attachments are +articularly alarmin% to the truly enli%htened and inde+endent Patriot. >ow
many o++ortunities do they afford to tam+er with domestic factions' to +ractice the arts of seduction' to mislead +u:lic o+inion'
to influence or awe the +u:lic CouncilsR Such an attachment of a small or weak' towards a %reat and +owerful #ation' dooms the
former to :e the satellite of the latter. (gainst the insidious 0iles of foreign influence >5 con6ure $ou to believe "e fello0
citi/ens? the 6ealous$ of a free people ought to be constantly a0a#e8 since histor$ and e.perience prove that foreign
influence is one of the "ost baneful foes of Republican Govern"ent. But that Iealousy to :e useful must :e im+artialN else it
:ecomes the instrument of the "ery influence to :e a"oided' instead of a defense a%ainst it. -.cessive partialit$ for one foreign
nation and e.cessive disli#e of another! cause those 0ho" the$ actuate to see danger onl$ on one side! and serve to veil
and even second the arts of influence on the other' Real Datriots! 0ho "a$ resist the intriegues of the favourite! are liable
to beco"e suspected and odious8 0hile its tools and dupes usurp the applause and confidence of the people! to surrender
their interests' 3he Great rule of conduct for us! in regard to foreign @ations is in e.tending our co""ercial relations to
have 0ith the" as little political connection as possibleE -urope has a set of pri"ar$ interests' which to us ha"e none' or a
"ery remote relation. >ence she must :e en%a%ed in fre6uent contro"ersies' the causes of which are essentially forei%n to our
concerns. >ence therefore it must :e unwise in us to im+licate oursel"es' :y artificial ties' in the ordinary "icissitudes of her
+olitics' or the ordinary com:inations and collisions of her friendshi+s' or enmities1 !ur detached and distant situation in"ites
and ena:les us to +ursue a different course. ;f we remain one Peo+le' under an efficient %o"ernment' the +eriod is not far off'
when we may defy material inIury from e2ternal annoyanceN when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we
may at any time resol"e u+on to :e scru+ulously res+ectedN when :elli%erent nations' under the im+ossi:ility of makin%
ac6uisitions u+on us' will not li%htly ha@ard the %i"in% us +ro"ocationN when we may choose +eace or war' as our interest %uided
:y Iustice shall Counsel. Why fore%o the ad"anta%es of so +eculiar a situation< 7h$ =uit our o0n to stand upon foreign
ground? 7h$! b$ inter0eaving our destin$ 0ith that of an$ part of -urope! entangle our peace and prosperit$ in the toils
of -uropean ("bition! Rivalship! 5nterest! +u"our or aprice? 13is our true polic$ to steer clear of per"anent
(lliances! 0ith an$ portion of the foreign 0orld'L
O (eor%e Washin%ton' President of the 3nited States of *merica' in his )arewell *ddress on Se+tem:er ,?' ,D?7
George 7' Ball and David Roc#efeller on the Bilderberg Meetings! in their o0n 0ords
K*s a result of this and later meetin%s' +lans were made for our first session to :e held at the >otel Bilder:er% at !oster:eek'
>olland. ;t was an old$fashioned summer hotel in a wooded +ark' and' concerned for the security of so many famous %uests' the
%o"ernment had esta:lished a +lainclothes %uard :ehind e"ery tree. *mused :y such hi%hly "isi:le +recautions' ; told the Prince
on the second day that ; was %oin% stir cra@yN we then s+eculated on the chances of my %ettin% out of the hotel and to the main
road without %ettin% shot. 5hereafter' for twenty$se"en years' our %rou+ met at least once a year at a 6uiet retreat (usually a
tourist hotel off season) for two and a half days of serious discussion. ;n addition' there were small meetin%s of the Steerin%
Committee' held until recently at SoestdiIk Palace' Prince BernardJs country home. 2ce+t durin% my years in the %o"ernment' ;
was a mem:er of the Steerin% Committee from the formation of the %rou+ until ,?D?. 5hen the Bilder:er% founders turned it
o"er to a youn%er %rou+' althou%h ; remain an ad"iser. ; ha"e attended e"ery Bilder:er% meetin% with one e2ce+tion. 3he
Bilderberg "eetings pri"aril$ concentrate on a single ob6ective: to tr$ to clear up abrasive proble"s and attitudes that
could poison effective relations bet0een ("erica and -urope' 5he meetin%s are attended :y the mem:ers of a +ermanent
steerin% committee of uro+eans and *mericans and :y other men and women of achie"ement and com+etence s+ecially in"ited
on each occasion. *ttendance is limited to rou%hly ei%hty +ersons. andor is assured b$ ground rules that forbid an$one to
discuss the "eetings e.cept in the "ost general 0a$ or! in outside conversation! to attribute e.pressed vie0s to an$
individual' (t each "eeting! there is a political and an econo"ic proble" to 0hich the discussion is addressed' *ll "iews
are taken as indi"idual e2+ressionsN no one s+eaks for his %o"ernment' his +olitical +arty' or any other or%ani@ation. 5he real
distinction of Bilder:er% is not' howe"er' its %round rules :ut the e2traordinary 6uality of those who attend the meetin%s. 5here
is hardly a maIor +olitical fi%ure from uro+e or the 3nited States who has not :een in"ited at least once. !f the +resent or
recent heads of %o"ernment' >elmut Schmidt' the (erman Chancellor' has attended se"eral times' and amon% others who ha"e
come one or more times ha"e :een Valery (iscard dJstain%' >arold Wilson' =ames Calla%han' dward >eath' &ar%aret
5hatcher' Rene Ple"en' (uy &ollet' Pierre &endes$)rance' as well as Prince Phili+' Denis >ealey' Dean Rusk' Dean *cheson'
>enry Eissin%er' and Cyrus VanceUBilder:er%Js most "alua:le achie"ement has :een to +ro"ide for the de"elo+ment of easy
relations :etween indi"iduals of dis+arate :ack%rounds' eatin%' drinkin%' walkin% O and constantly talkin% O to%ether in isolated
settin%s. When ; Ioined the State De+artment in ,?7,' ; was already well ac6uainted with most Western leaders. Some ; knew
+articularly well' since we had :een to%ether at Bilder:er% on more than one occasion.L
O (eor%e W. Ball' from his auto:io%ra+hy The ,ast Has Aother ,atter: -emoirs (+. ,/F$,/7N +u:lished in ,?-.)
K;f the Council on )orei%n Relations raises the hackles of cons+iracy theorists' the Bilderberg "eetings "ust induce
apocal$ptic visions of o"nipotent international ban#ers plotting 0ith unscrupulous govern"ent officials to i"pose
cunning sche"es on an ignorant and unsuspecting 0orld' *t the risk of disa++ointin% these cons+iracy mon%ers' the truth is
that Bilder:er% is really an intensely interestin% annual discussion %rou+ that de:ates issues of si%nificance to :oth uro+eans
and #orth *mericans O without reachin% consensus. Drince Bernhard of the @etherlands convened the first conference in
Ma$ 1%F4 at the urging of &oseph Retinger' a Pole of aristocratic ori%ins who had ser"ed with British intelli%ence durin%
World War ;;. Retin%er' a dynamic and ener%etic man who s+oke with a hea"y accent and walked with a +ronounced lim+' was
concerned a:out the tense relations within the *tlantic community. >e +ersuaded Bernhard to con"ene a %rou+ of +rominent
indi"iduals to discuss these matters. ; was one of ele"en *mericans in"ited' and we Ioined fifty dele%ates from ele"en Western
uro+ean countries O a li"ely mosaic of +oliticians' :usinessmen' Iournalists' and trade unionists. ; was sur+rised to ha"e :een
in"ited in the first +lace and :een more taken a:ack when Retin%er asked me to +re+are a :ack%round +a+er on +ros+ects for the
world economy from the *merican +ers+ecti"eU5he conference had ser"ed a useful +ur+ose' and the consensus was that we
should meet a%ain the followin% year under the continuin% chairmanshi+ of Prince Bernhard. We also decided to call the
%atherin% KBilder:er%L after the hotel in !oster:eek where we had first assem:led.L
O Da"id Rockefeller' from his auto:io%ra+hy -emoirs (+. 0,/$0,,' Cha+ter .D1 Proud ;nternationalistN +u:lished in .//.)
Prominent ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s Partici+ants
4ohn Sa"ers
Chief of the Secret
>ntelligence Ser'ice M>C!
No'/ 1, 200B@present!
)eorge ;sborne
Chancellor of the
<xche(uer 2010@present!
Christine 5agarde
Managing 9irector of the
>nternational Monetar&
0und 2011@present!
+nders 0ogh Ras%ussen
Secretar&@)eneral of
N+A; 200B@2014!
)en/ #hilip M/ Breedlo'e
Supre%e +llied
Co%%ander of <urope
201.@present!
Robert 9udle&
D)reat BritainE
)roup Chief <xecuti'e of
British #etroleu%
Co%pan& plc
2010@present!
Carl@*enric S'anberg
DS"edenE
Chair%an of British
#etroleu% plc
4an/ 1, 2010@present!
4ohn <l2ann
D>tal&E
Chair%an, 0iat S/p/+/
D>talian auto co%pan&E
4or%a ;llila
D0inlandE
Chair%an of Ro&al 9utch
Shell plc 200C@present!
Ben 'an Beurden
DNetherlandsE
C<; of Ro&al 9utch Shell
plc 2014@present!
Carl Bildt
0oreign Minister of
S"eden 200C@present!
Queen Sofia of Spain
reign, 1BFG@present!
Queen Beatrix of the
Netherlands
reign, 1B-0@201.!
*enr& +/ 6issinger
#h/9/ *ar'ard 1BG4
=/S/ Secretar& of State
1BF.@1BFF!
Sir 4a%es 9/ 7olfensohn
M/B/+/ *ar'ard 1BGB
#resident of the 7orld
Ban2 1BBG@200G!
9ouglas 4/ 0lint
D)reat BritainE
)roup Chair%an, *SBC
*oldings plc
2010@present!
6enneth M/ 4acobs
Chair%an of the board of
5a1ard Dban2E
200B@present!
*enri de Castries
D0ranceE
Chair%an of the board of
+3+ D0rench in'est%ent
and insurance fir%E
2000@present!
Risto Siilas%aa
D0inlandE
Chair%an of the Board,
No2ia Corporation
<ric Sch%idt
B/S/ #rinceton 1BFC
Chair%an and C<; of
)oogle >nc/
2001@present!
2014 Bilderberg Meetings Darticipants:
*enri de Castries
D0ranceE
Chair%an of the board of
+3+ D0rench in'est%ent
and insurance fir%E
2000@present!
#aul M/ +chleitner
Chair%an of the
Super'isor& Board,
9eutsche Ban2 +)
2012@present!
4osef +c2er%ann
D)er%an&8S"it1erlandE
Chair%an of the
Manage%ent Board,
9eutsche Ban2 +)
2002@2012!
Marcus +gius
D)reat BritainE
Chair%an, Barcla&s Ban2
plc 200F@2012!
Matti +lahuhta
D0inlandE
Me%ber of the Board,
6;N<H Chair%an, +alto
=ni'ersit& 0oundation
9a%e *elen +lexander
D)reat BritainE
Chair%an, =BM plc
)en/ 6eith B/ +lexander
9irector of National
Securit& +genc&
200G@2014!
Roger C/ +lt%an
Chair%an of <'ercore
#artners >nc/
Matti +punen
D0inlandE
9irector, 0innish Business
and #olic& 0oru% <$+
4Irg +s%ussen
D)er%an&E
State Secretar& of 5abour
and Social +ffairsH
Me%ber of the <xecuti'e
Board of the <uropean
Central Ban2 2012@201.!
)ordon Ba:nai
#ri%e Minister of *ungar&
200B@2010!
<d"ard Balls
Shado" Chancellor of the
<xche(uer 2011@present!
0rancisco #into Balse%ao
#ri%e Minister of #ortugal
1B-1@1B-.!
0rancois Baroin
0inance Minister of
0rance 2011@2012!
Nicolas Ba'ere1
D0ranceE
#artner, )ibson, 9unn J
Crutcher 55# D#aris officeE
Nicolas Berggruen
Chair%an, Berggruen
>nstitute on )o'ernance
0ranco Bernabe
D>tal&E
0or%er $ice Chair%an of
Rothschild <urope
0le%%ing Besenbacher
D9en%ar2E
Chair%an, Ahe Carlsberg
)roup
Ben 'an Beurden
DNetherlandsE
Chief <xecuti'e ;fficer of
Ro&al 9utch Shell plc
2014@present!
Carl Bildt
0oreign Minister of
S"eden 200C@present!
S'ein Richard Brandt1Kg
DNor"a&E
#resident and C<;,
Nors2 *&dro +S+
Dalu%inu% co%pan&E
200B@present!
)en/ #hilip M/ Breedlo'e
Supre%e +llied
Co%%ander of <urope
201.@present!
;scar Bronner
D+ustriaE
#ublisher and <ditor, Der
Standard Dne"spaperE
*a2an Bus2he
DS"edenE
#resident and C<;, Saab
+B
Cengi1 Candar
DAur2e&E
Senior Colu%nist, +l
Monitor and Radi2al
4uan 5uis Cebrian
DSpainE
C<; of #R>S+
#ierre +ndrL de
Chalendar
D0ranceE
Chair%an and C<;,
Saint@)obain
Dconstruction co%pan&E
2010@present!
7/ <d%und Clar2
DCanadaE
#resident and C<;, A9
DAoronto@9o%inionE
Ban2 )roup 2002@pres/!
Benoit Coeure
Me%ber of the <xecuti'e
Board, <uropean Central
Ban2 2012@present!
Si%on Co'ene&
D>relandE
Minister for +griculture,
0ood and the Marine
2011@present!
Sir Sherard Co"per@Coles
British +%bassador to
>srael 2001@200.!H British
+%bassador to Saudi
+rabia 200.@200C!H
British +%bassador to
+fghanistan 200F@200B!
<tienne 9a'ignon
DBelgiu%E
$ice Chair%an of Sue1@
Aractebel
Aho%as </ 9onilon
National Securit& +d'isor
2010@201.!H )eneral
Counsel of 0annie Mae
1BBB@200G!
Mathias 9opfner
D)er%an&E
Chair%an and Chief
<xecuti'e ;fficer of +xel
Springer +) 2002@
present!H 9irector of Ai%e
7arner 200C@present!
Robert 9udle&
D)reat BritainE
)roup Chief <xecuti'e of
British #etroleu%
Co%pan& plc
2010@present!
*enri2 <hrnrooth
D0inlandE
Chair%an, Ca'erion
Corporation, ;ta'a and
#I&r& #5C
4ohn <l2ann
D>tal&E
Chair%an, 0iat S/p/+/
D>talian auto co%pan&E
Aho%as <nders
D)er%an&E
C<;, +irbus S+S
=lri2 0ederspiel
D9en%ar2E
<xecuti'e $ice #resident,
*aldor AopsMe +8S
Martin S/ 0eldstein
B/+/ *ar'ard 1BC1
#resident and C<; of
National Bureau of
<cono%ic Research
1BFF@1B-2, 1B-4@200-!
Brian 0erguson
DCanadaE
#resident and C<;,
Ceno'us <nerg& >nc/
9ouglas 4/ 0lint
D)reat BritainE
)roup Chair%an, *SBC
*oldings plc
2010@present!
4osL Manuel )arcNa@
Margallo
Minister of 0oreign +ffairs
of Spain 2011@present!
Michael )foeller
Me%ber of the Board of
+d'isors of Ahe Chertoff
)roup
9r/ NilOfer )Ile
DAur2e&80ranceE
#rofessor of Sociolog&,
Pcole des *autes Ptudes
en Sciences Sociales
<'an )/ )reenberg
Chair%an and C<; of
+C< )roup
4ustine )reening
D)reat BritainE
Secretar& of State for
>nternational
9e'elop%ent
2012@present!
$ictor *alberstadt
DNetherlandsE
#rofessor of <cono%ics at
5eiden =ni'ersit&
Susan *oc2field
#resident of
Massachusetts >nstitute of
Aechnolog& 2004@2012!
5eif ;/ *Megh
DNor"a&E
Chair%an, *Iegh
+utoliners +S
7est&e *Megh
DNor"a&E
Senior +d'isor, *Iegh
+utoliners +S
Reid *off%an
Co@founder and <xecuti'e
Chair%an, 5in2ed>n
*uang Qiping
DCo%%unist ChinaE
#rofessor of <cono%ics at
#e2ing =ni'ersit&
9r/ Shirle& +nn 4ac2son
#resident of the
Rensselaer #ol&technic
>nstitute 1BBB@present!
6enneth M/ 4acobs
Chair%an of the board of
5a1ard Dban2E
200B@present!
4a%es +/ 4ohnson
Chair%an and C<; of
0annie Mae 1BB1@1BB-!
+lexander 6arp
C<; of #alantir
Aechnologies
Bruce 4/ 6at1
$ice #resident and Co@
9irector, Metropolitan
#olic& #rogra%, Ahe
Broo2ings >nstitution
4ason 6enne&
Minister of Citi1enship,
>%%igration and
Multiculturalis% of
Canada 200-@present!
Ahe 5ord 4ohn! 6err of
6inlochard
British +%bassador to the
=nited States
1BBG@1BBF!H
9eput& Chair%an, Ro&al
9utch Shell plc
*enr& +/ 6issinger
#h/9/ *ar'ard 1BG4
=/S/ Secretar& of State
1BF.@1BFF!
6laus 6leinfeld
D)er%an&8+%ericaE
Chair%an and C<; of
+lcoa 2010@present!H
#resident and C<; of
Sie%ens +) Delectronics
co%pan&E 200G@200F!
Mustafa 6oc
DAur2e&E
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Steffen 6ragh
D9en%ar2E
#resident and C<;,
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0ounding #artner of
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J Co/ DNe" Qor2 Cit&E
Marie@4osee 6ra'is
Senior 0ello" of *udson
>nstitute, >nc/
+ndre 6udels2i
DS"it1erlandE
Chair%an of the Board
and C<; of 6udels2i
)roup Ddigital securit&
%anufacturing fir%E
1BB1@present!
Christine 5agarde
Managing 9irector of the
>nternational Monetar&
0und 2011@present!
Aho%as 5e&sen
DBelgiu%E
Chair%an of =%icore
D%aterials technolog&E
200-@present!
Cheng 5i
9irector of Research and
Senior 0ello", 4ohn 5/
Ahornton China Center,
Broo2ings >nstitution
Ao'e 5if'endahl
DS"edenE
#olitical <ditor in Chief,
Svenska Dagbladet
*e 5iu
DCo%%unist ChinaE
Minister,
;ffice of the Central
5eading )roup on
0inancial and <cono%ic
+ffairs
#aulo Macedo
Minister of *ealth of
#ortugal 2011@present!
<%%anuel Macron
D0ranceE
9eput& Secretar& )eneral
of the #residenc&
Monica Maggioni
D>tal&E
<ditor@in@Chief,
Raine"s24, R+> A$
Ahe 5ord #eter!
Mandelson
D)reat BritainE
<uropean Co%%issioner
for Arade 2004@200-!H
Me%ber, *ouse of 5ords
+ndre" Mc+fee
#rincipal Research
Scientist, Massachusetts
>nstitute of Aechnolog&
>nes de Medeiros
D#ortugalE
Me%ber of #arlia%ent,
Socialist #art&
4ohn Mic2leth"ait
D)reat BritainE
<ditor@in@Chief of
The Economist
+lexandra Mitsota2i
D)reeceE
Chair, +ction+id *ellas
Mario Monti
#ri%e Minister of >tal&
2011@201.!H <uropean
Co%%issioner for
Co%petition 1BBB@2004!
Craig 4/ Mundie
Chief Research and
Strateg& ;fficer for
Microsoft Corp/
200C@present!
*eather Munroe@Blu%
DCanadaE
#rincipal and $ice
Chancellor of Mc)ill
=ni'ersit&
Charles +/ Murra&
+uthor of The Bell Curve
Queen Beatrix of Ahe
Netherlands
reign, 1B-0@201.!
4uan MarNa Nin )eno'a
DSpainE
9eput& Chair%an and
C<;, Caixaban2
Natalie Nouga&rRde
D0ranceE
9irector and <xecuti'e
<ditor, Le Monde
SMren@#eter ;lesen
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#rofessorH Me%ber of the
Board of 9irectors, Ahe
Carlsberg 0oundation
4or%a ;llila
D0inlandE
Chair%an of Ro&al 9utch
Shell 200C@present!H
Chair%an of No2ia
1BBB@2012!
=%ut ;ran
DAur2e&E
9eput& Chair%an,
Republican #eopleSs #art&
C*#!
)eorge ;sborne
Chancellor of the
<xche(uer 2010@present!
0leur #ellerin
D0ranceE
State Secretar& for
0oreign Arade
Richard N/ #erle
Chair%an of the 9efense
#olic& Board 2001@200.!
)en/! 9a'id */ #etraeus
9irector of Central
>ntelligence +genc&
2011@2012!
Stephen S/ #olo1
)o'ernor of the Ban2 of
Canada 201.@present!
+nders 0ogh Ras%ussen
Secretar&@)eneral of
N+A; 200B@2014!
4orgen *uno Ras%ussen
D9en%ar2E
Chair%an of the Board of
Arustees, Ahe 5undbec2
0oundation
$i'iane Reding
$ice #resident of the
<uropean Co%%ission
and Co%%issioner for
4ustice, 0unda%ental
Rights and Citi1enship
2010@present!
6asi% Reed
Ma&or of +tlanta
2010@present!
*eather Reis%an
DCanadaE
#resident and C<;,
>ndigo Boo2s and Music
>nc/
<i'ind Reiten
DNor"a&E
Chair%an, 6la'eness
Marine *olding +S
Norbert RIttgen
D)er%an&E
Minister for the
<n'iron%ent, Nature
Conser'ation and Nuclear
Safet& 200B@2012!
Robert </ Rubin
B/+/ *ar'ard 1BC0
=/S/ Secretar& of the
Areasur& 1BBG@1BBB!
<ugene Ru%er
Senior +ssociate and
9irector, Russia and
<urasia #rogra%,
Carnegie <ndo"%ent for
>nternational #eace
Christian R&nning@
Aonnesen
DNor"a&E
#resident and C<;,
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9iederi2 M/ Sa%so%
DNetherlandsE
#arlia%entar& 5eader
#'d+ 5abour #art&!
4ohn Sa"ers
Chief of the Secret
>ntelligence Ser'ice M>C!
No'/ 1, 200B@present!H
British +%bassador to
<g&pt 2001@200.!
#aul Scheffer
DNetherlandsE
#rofessor of <uropean
Studies, Ailburg =ni'ersit&
<dith Schippers
Minister of *ealth,
7elfare and Sport of the
Netherlands
2010@present!
<ric Sch%idt
B/S/ #rinceton 1BFC
Chair%an and C<; of
)oogle >nc/
2001@present!
Rudolf Scholten
D+ustriaE
Me%ber of the Board of
<xecuti'e 9irectors,
;esterreichische
6ontrollban2 +)
Clara Shih
C<; and 0ounder,
*earsa& SocialH
9irector of Starbuc2s
Coffee 2011@present!
Risto Siilas%aa
D0inlandE
Chair%an of the Board,
No2ia Corporation
Queen Sofia of Spain
reign, 1BFG@present!
+ndre" Michael Spence
#h/9/ *ar'ard 1BF2
#rofessor of <cono%ics at
Ne" Qor2 =ni'ersit&
6ari Stadigh
D0inlandE
#resident and C<;,
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#h/9/ *ar'ard 1B-2
#resident of *ar'ard
=ni'ersit& 2001@200C!H
=/S/ Secretar& of the
Areasur& 1BBB@2001!
#eter 9/ Sutherland
Chair%an of British
#etroleu% 1BBF@200B!H
Chair%an, )old%an
Sachs >nternational
Carl@*enric S'anberg
DS"edenE
Chair%an of British
#etroleu%
4an/ 1, 2010@present!H
#resident and C<; of
<ricsson DS"edish
telephoneE 200.@200B!
+/ =%it Aaftali
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Suna and >nan 6iraT
0oundation
#eter +/ Ahiel
#resident of Clariu%
Capital Manage%ent, 55C
J Co@0ounder of #a&pal
*enri2 AopsMe
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5ou2as Asou2alis
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#resident, *ellenic
0oundation for <uropean
and 0oreign #olic&
<5>+M<#!
4ens =llt'eit@Moe
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0ounder and C<;, =%oe
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+h%et U1O%cO
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9irector@)eneral of
;rganisation for the
#rohibition of Che%ical
7eapons 2010@present!H
Aur2ish +%bassador to
>srael 1BBB@2002!
9aniel 5/ $asella
DS"it1erlandE
Chair%an of the Board of
No'artis +) 1BBB@201.!H
%ire-tor of 0e#si"o
+20021#resent,
Margrethe $estager
9eput& #ri%e Minister of
9en%ar2 2011@present!H
Minister for <cono%ic
+ffairs and the >nterior
2011@present!
B:orn 7ahlroos
D0inlandE
Chair%an of the Board of
Sa%po )roup
Dfinancial ser'icesE
4acob 7allenberg
DS"edenE
Chair%an of >n'estor +B
200G@present!H
%ire-tor of 2he "o-a1
"ola "o' +20031#resent,
Marcus 7allenberg
DS"edenE
Chair%an of the Board of
9irectors, S2andina'is2a
<ns2ilda Ban2en +B
6e'in M/ 7arsh
Me%ber of the 0ederal
Reser'e Board
200C@2011!
Martin */ 7olf
D)reat BritainE
Chief <cono%ics
Co%%entator, The
Financial Times
Sir 4a%es 9/ 7olfensohn
M/B/+/ *ar'ard 1BGB
#resident of the 7orld
Ban2 1BBG@200G!
)errit ?al%
Chair%an of the
Managing Board, +BN@
+MR; Ban2 N/$/ 200B@
present!H 0inance Minister
of the Netherlands
1BB4@2002, 200.@200F!
)eorge ?anias
Chair%an of the board of
the National Ban2 of
)reece 2012@present!
Robert B/ ?oellic2
4/9/ *ar'ard 1B-1
#resident of Ahe 7orld
Ban2 200F@2012!
Bilder:er% &eetin%s
Co+enha%en' Denmark
.? &ay $ , =une ./,0
)inal list of Partici+ants
hair"an
)R* Castries' >enri de Chairman and C!' *8* (rou+
D3 *chleitner' Paul &. Chairman of the Su+er"isory Board' Deutsche Bank *(
D3 *ckermann' =osef )ormer C!' Deutsche Bank *(
(BR *%ius' &arcus #on$2ecuti"e Chairman' P* Consultin% (rou+
);# *lahuhta' &atti &em:er of the Board' E!#N Chairman' *alto 3ni"ersity )oundation
(BR *le2ander' >elen Chairman' 3B& +lc
3S* *le2ander' Eeith B. )ormer Commander' 3.S. Cy:er CommandN )ormer Director' #ational Security *%ency
3S* *ltman' Ro%er C. 2ecuti"e Chairman' "ercore
);# *+unen' &atti Director' )innish Business and Policy )orum V*
D3 *smussen' =Vr% State Secretary of La:our and Social *ffairs
>3# BaInai' (ordon )ormer Prime &inisterN Party Leader' 5o%ether ./,0
(BR Balls' dward &. Shadow Chancellor of the 2che6uer
PR5 BalsemWo' )rancisco Pinto Chairman' ;m+resa S(PS
)R* Baroin' )ranXois &em:er of Parliament (3&P)N &ayor of 5royes
)R* Ba"ere@' #icolas Partner' (i:son' Dunn Y Crutcher LLP
3S* Ber%%ruen' #icolas Chairman' Ber%%ruen ;nstitute on (o"ernance
;5* Berna:Z' )ranco Chairman' )B (rou+ SRL
D#E Besen:acher' )lemmin% Chairman' 5he Carls:er% (rou+
#LD Beurden' Ben "an C!' Royal Dutch Shell +lc
SW Bildt' Carl &inister for )orei%n *ffairs
#!R Brandt@[%' S"ein Richard President and C!' #orsk >ydro *S*
;#5 Breedlo"e' Phili+ &. Su+reme *llied Commander uro+e
*35 Bronner' !scar Pu:lisher' Der S5*#D*RD Verla%s%esellschaft m.:.>.
SW Buskhe' >\kan President and C!' Saa: *B
53R ]andar' Cen%i@ Senior Columnist' *l &onitor and Radikal
SP Ce:ri^n' =uan Luis 2ecuti"e Chairman' (ru+o PR;S*
)R* Chalendar' Pierre$*ndr_ de Chairman and C!' Saint$(o:ain
C*# Clark' W. dmund (rou+ President and C!' 5D Bank (rou+
;#5 Coeur_' Beno`t &em:er of the 2ecuti"e Board' uro+ean Central Bank
;RL Co"eney' Simon &inister for *%riculture' )ood and the &arine
(BR Cow+er$Coles' Sherard Senior *d"iser to the (rou+ Chairman and (rou+ C!' >SBC >oldin%s +lc
BL Da"i%non' tienne &inister of State
3S* Donilon' 5homas . Senior Partner' !P&el"eny and &yersN )ormer 3.S. #ational Security *d"isor
D3 DV+fner' &athias C!' *2el S+rin%er S
(BR Dudley' Ro:ert (rou+ Chief 2ecuti"e' BP +lc
);# hrnrooth' >enrik Chairman' Ca"erion Cor+oration' !ta"a and PVyry PLC
;5* lkann' =ohn Chairman' )iat S.+.*.
D3 nders' 5homas C!' *ir:us (rou+
D#E )eders+iel' 3lrik 2ecuti"e Vice President' >aldor 5o+sae *9S
3S* )eldstein' &artin S. Professor of conomics' >ar"ard 3ni"ersityN President meritus' #BR
C*# )er%uson' Brian President and C!' Ceno"us ner%y ;nc.
(BR )lint' Dou%las =. (rou+ Chairman' >SBC >oldin%s +lc
SP (arcba$&ar%allo' =os_ &anuel &inister of )orei%n *ffairs and Coo+eration
3S* (foeller' &ichael ;nde+endent Consultant
53R (Vle' #ilcfer Professor of Sociolo%y' dcole des >autes dtudes en Sciences Sociales
3S* (reen:er%' "an (. Chairman and C!' *C (rou+
(BR (reenin%' =ustine Secretary of State for ;nternational De"elo+ment
#LD >al:erstadt' Victor Professor of conomics' Leiden 3ni"ersity
3S* >ockfield' Susan President merita' &assachusetts ;nstitute of 5echnolo%y
#!R >ae%h' Leif !. Chairman' >Ve%h *utoliners *S
#!R >ae%h' Westye Senior *d"isor' >Ve%h *utoliners *S
3S* >offman' Reid Co$)ounder and 2ecuti"e Chairman' Linked;n
C># >uan%' 4i+in% Professor of conomics' #ational School of De"elo+ment' Pekin% 3ni"ersity
3S* =ackson' Shirley *nn President' Rensselaer Polytechnic ;nstitute
3S* =aco:s' Eenneth &. Chairman and C!' La@ard
3S* =ohnson' =ames *. Chairman' =ohnson Ca+ital Partners
3S* Ear+' *le2 C!' Palantir 5echnolo%ies
3S* Eat@' Bruce =. Vice President and Co$Director' &etro+olitan Policy Pro%ram' 5he Brookin%s ;nstitution
C*# Eenney' =ason 5. &inister of m+loyment and Social De"elo+ment
(BR Eerr' =ohn De+uty Chairman' Scottish Power
3S* Eissin%er' >enry *. Chairman' Eissin%er *ssociates' ;nc.
3S* Eleinfeld' Elaus Chairman and C!' *lcoa
53R EoX' &ustafa Chairman' EoX >oldin% *.S.
D#E Era%h' Steffen President and C!' %mont
3S* Era"is' >enry R. Co$Chairman and Co$C!' Eohl:er% Era"is Ro:erts Y Co.
3S* Era"is' &arie$=os_e Senior )ellow and Vice Chair' >udson ;nstitute
C> Eudelski' *ndr_ Chairman and C!' Eudelski (rou+
;#5 La%arde' Christine &ana%in% Director' ;nternational &onetary )und
BL Leysen' 5homas Chairman of the Board of Directors' EBC (rou+
3S* Li' Chen% Director' =ohn L.5hornton China Center'5he Brookin%s ;nstitution
SW Lif"endahl' 5o"e Political ditor in Chief' S"enska Da%:ladet
C># Liu' >e &inister' !ffice of the Central Leadin% (rou+ on )inancial and conomic *ffairs
PR5 &acedo' Paulo &inister of >ealth
)R* &acron' mmanuel De+uty Secretary (eneral of the Presidency
;5* &a%%ioni' &onica ditor$in$Chief' Rainews.0' R*; 5V
(BR &andelson' Peter Chairman' (lo:al Counsel LLP
3S* &c*fee' *ndrew Princi+al Research Scientist' &assachusetts ;nstitute of 5echnolo%y
PR5 &edeiros' ;nes de &em:er of Parliament' Socialist Party
(BR &icklethwait' =ohn ditor$in$Chief' 5he conomist
(RC &itsotaki' *le2andra Chair' *ction*id >ellas
;5* &onti' &ario Senator$for$lifeN President' Bocconi 3ni"ersity
3S* &undie' Crai% =. Senior *d"isor to the C!' &icrosoft Cor+oration
C*# &unroe$Blum' >eather Professor of &edicine and Princi+al (President) merita' &c(ill 3ni"ersity
3S* &urray' Charles *. W.>. Brady Scholar' *merican nter+rise ;nstitute for Pu:lic Policy Research
#LD #etherlands' >.R.>. Princess Beatri2 of the
SP #in (_no"a' =uan &arba De+uty Chairman and C!' Cai2aBank
)R* #ou%ayrZde' #atalie )ormer Director and 2ecuti"e ditor' Le &onde
D#E !lesen' Saren$Peter ProfessorN &em:er of the Board of Directors' 5he Carls:er% )oundation
);# !llila' =orma Chairman' Royal Dutch Shell' +lcN Chairman' !utokum+u Plc
53R !ran' 3mut De+uty Chairman' Re+u:lican Peo+leJs Party (C>P)
(BR !s:orne' (eor%e Chancellor of the 2che6uer
)R* Pellerin' )leur State Secretary for )orei%n 5rade
3S* Perle' Richard #. Resident )ellow' *merican nter+rise ;nstitute
3S* Petraeus' Da"id >. Chairman' EER (lo:al ;nstitute
C*# Polo@' Ste+hen S. (o"ernor' Bank of Canada
;#5 Rasmussen' *nders )o%h Secretary (eneral' #*5!
D#E Rasmussen' =ar%en >uno Chairman of the Board of 5rustees' 5he Lund:eck )oundation
;#5 Redin%' Vi"iane
Vice President and Commissioner for =ustice' )undamental Ri%hts and Citi@enshi+'
uro+ean Commission
3S* Reed' Easim &ayor of *tlanta
C*# Reisman' >eather &. Chair and C!' ;ndi%o Books Y &usic ;nc.
#!R Reiten' i"ind Chairman' Ela"eness &arine >oldin% *S
D3 RVtt%en' #or:ert Chairman' )orei%n *ffairs Committee' (erman Bundesta%
3S* Ru:in' Ro:ert . Co$Chair' Council on )orei%n RelationsN )ormer Secretary of the 5reasury
3S* Rumer' u%ene
Senior *ssociate and Director' Russia and urasia Pro%ram' Carne%ie ndowment for
;nternational Peace
#!R Rynnin%$5annesen' Christian President and C!' Statkraft *S
#LD Samsom' Diederik &. Parliamentary Leader P"d* (La:our Party)
(BR Sawers' =ohn Chief' Secret ;ntelli%ence Ser"ice
#LD Scheffer' Paul =. *uthorN Professor of uro+ean Studies' 5il:ur% 3ni"ersity
#LD Schi++ers' dith &inister of >ealth' Welfare and S+ort
3S* Schmidt' ric . 2ecuti"e Chairman' (oo%le ;nc.
*35 Scholten' Rudolf C!' !esterreichische Eontroll:ank *(
3S* Shih' Clara C! and )ounder' >earsay Social
);# Siilasmaa' Risto E. Chairman of the Board of Directors and ;nterim C!' #okia Cor+oration
SP S+ain' >.&. the Hueen of
3S* S+ence' *. &ichael Professor of conomics' #ew 4ork 3ni"ersity
);# Stadi%h' Eari President and C!' Sam+o +lc
3S* Summers' Lawrence >. Charles W. liot 3ni"ersity Professor' >ar"ard 3ni"ersity
;RL Sutherland' Peter D. Chairman' (oldman Sachs ;nternationalN 3# S+ecial Re+resentati"e for &i%ration
SW S"an:er%' Carl$>enric Chairman' Vol"o *B and BP +lc
53R 5aftalf' *. gmit &em:er of the Board' Suna and ;nan EiraX )oundation
3S* 5hiel' Peter *. President' 5hiel Ca+ital
D#E 5o+sae' >enrik Chairman' >aldor 5o+sae *9S
(RC 5soukalis' Loukas President' >ellenic )oundation for uro+ean and )orei%n Policy
#!R 3llt"eit$&oe' =ens )ounder and C!' 3moe *S
;#5 g@cmcc' *hmet Director$(eneral' !r%anisation for the Prohi:ition of Chemical Wea+ons
C> Vasella' Daniel L. >onorary Chairman' #o"artis ;nternational
D#E Vesta%er' &ar%rethe De+uty Prime &inister and &inister for conomic *ffairs and the ;nterior
);# Wahlroos' BIVrn Chairman' Sam+o +lc
SW Wallen:er%' =aco: Chairman' ;n"estor *B
SW Wallen:er%' &arcus Chairman of the Board of Directors' Skandina"iska nskilda Banken *B
3S* Warsh' Ee"in &. Distin%uished Visitin% )ellow and Lecturer' Stanford 3ni"ersity
(BR Wolf' &artin >. Chief conomics Commentator' 5he )inancial 5imes
3S* Wolfensohn' =ames D. Chairman and C!' Wolfensohn and Com+any
#LD Galm' (errit Chairman of the &ana%in% Board' *B#$*&R! Bank #.V.
(RC Ganias' (eor%e Chairman of the Board' #ational Bank of (reece
3S* Goellick' Ro:ert B. Chairman' Board of ;nternational *d"isors' 5he (oldman Sachs (rou+
*35 *ustria (RC (reece
BL Bel%ium >3# >un%ary
C*# Canada ;#5 ;nternational
C> Swit@erland ;RL ;reland
C># China ;5* ;taly
D3 (ermany #LD #etherlands
D#E Denmark #!R #orway
SP S+ain PR5 Portu%al
);# )inland SW Sweden
)R* )rance 53R 5urkey
(BR (reat Britain 3S* 3nited States of *merica
Source1 htt+199www.:ilder:er%meetin%s.or%9+artici+ants.html

Bilder:er% &eetin%s
Co+enha%en' Denmark
.? &ay $ , =une ./,0
Current list of Partici+ants
,tatus 2G Ma$ 2014
hair"an
)R* Castries' >enri de Chairman and C!' *8* (rou+
D3 *chleitner' Paul &. Chairman of the Su+er"isory Board' Deutsche Bank *(
D3 *ckermann' =osef )ormer C!' Deutsche Bank *(
(BR *%ius' &arcus #on$2ecuti"e Chairman' P* Consultin% (rou+
);# *lahuhta' &atti &em:er of the Board' E!#N Chairman' *alto 3ni"ersity )oundation
(BR *le2ander' >elen Chairman' 3B& +lc
3S* *le2ander' Eeith B.
)ormer Commander' 3.S. Cy:er CommandN )ormer Director' #ational Security
*%ency
3S* *ltman' Ro%er C. 2ecuti"e Chairman' "ercore
);# *+unen' &atti Director' )innish Business and Policy )orum V*
D3 *smussen' =Vr% State Secretary of La:our and Social *ffairs
>3# BaInai' (ordon )ormer Prime &inisterN Party Leader' 5o%ether ./,0
(BR Balls' dward &. Shadow Chancellor of the 2che6uer
PR5 BalsemWo' )rancisco Pinto Chairman' ;m+resa S(PS
)R* Baroin' )ranXois &em:er of Parliament (3&P)N &ayor of 5royes
)R* Ba"ere@' #icolas Partner' (i:son' Dunn Y Crutcher LLP
3S* Ber%%ruen' #icolas Chairman' Ber%%ruen ;nstitute on (o"ernance
;5* Berna:Z' )ranco Chairman' )B (rou+ SRL
D#E Besen:acher' )lemmin% Chairman' 5he Carls:er% (rou+
#LD Beurden' Ben "an C!' Royal Dutch Shell +lc
SW Bildt' Carl &inister for )orei%n *ffairs
#!R Brandt@[%' S"ein Richard President and C!' #orsk >ydro *S*
;#5 Breedlo"e' Phili+ &. Su+reme *llied Commander uro+e
*35 Bronner' !scar Pu:lisher' Der S5*#D*RD Verla%s%esellschaft m.:.>.
SW Buskhe' >\kan President and C!' Saa: *B
53R ]andar' Cen%i@ Senior Columnist' *l &onitor and Radikal
SP Ce:ri^n' =uan Luis 2ecuti"e Chairman' (ru+o PR;S*
)R* Chalendar' Pierre$*ndr_ de Chairman and C!' Saint$(o:ain
C*# Clark' W. dmund (rou+ President and C!' 5D Bank (rou+
;#5 Coeur_' Beno`t &em:er of the 2ecuti"e Board' uro+ean Central Bank
;RL Co"eney' Simon &inister for *%riculture' )ood and the &arine
(BR Cow+er$Coles' Sherard Senior *d"iser to the (rou+ Chairman and (rou+ C!' >SBC >oldin%s +lc
BL Da"i%non' tienne &inister of State
3S* Donilon' 5homas . Senior Partner' !P&el"eny and &yersN )ormer 3.S. #ational Security *d"isor
D3 DV+fner' &athias C!' *2el S+rin%er S
(BR Dudley' Ro:ert (rou+ Chief 2ecuti"e' BP +lc
);# hrnrooth' >enrik Chairman' Ca"erion Cor+oration' !ta"a and PVyry PLC
;5* lkann' =ohn Chairman' )iat S.+.*.
D3 nders' 5homas C!' *ir:us (rou+
D#E )eders+iel' 3lrik 2ecuti"e Vice President' >aldor 5o+sae *9S
3S* )eldstein' &artin S. Professor of conomics' >ar"ard 3ni"ersityN President meritus' #BR
C*# )er%uson' Brian President and C!' Ceno"us ner%y ;nc.
(BR )lint' Dou%las =. (rou+ Chairman' >SBC >oldin%s +lc
SP (arcba$&ar%allo' =os_ &anuel &inister of )orei%n *ffairs and Coo+eration
3S* (foeller' &ichael ;nde+endent Consultant
53R (Vle' #ilcfer Professor of Sociolo%y' dcole des >autes dtudes en Sciences Sociales
3S* (reen:er%' "an (. Chairman and C!' *C (rou+
(BR (reenin%' =ustine Secretary of State for ;nternational De"elo+ment
#LD >al:erstadt' Victor Professor of conomics' Leiden 3ni"ersity
3S* >ockfield' Susan President merita' &assachusetts ;nstitute of 5echnolo%y
#!R >ae%h' Leif !. Chairman' >Ve%h *utoliners *S
#!R >ae%h' Westye Senior *d"isor' >Ve%h *utoliners *S
3S* >offman' Reid Co$)ounder and 2ecuti"e Chairman' Linked;n
C># >uan%' 4i+in% Professor of conomics' #ational School of De"elo+ment' Pekin% 3ni"ersity
3S* =ackson' Shirley *nn President' Rensselaer Polytechnic ;nstitute
3S* =aco:s' Eenneth &. Chairman and C!' La@ard
3S* =ohnson' =ames *. Chairman' =ohnson Ca+ital Partners
3S* Ear+' *le2 C!' Palantir 5echnolo%ies
3S* Eat@' Bruce =.
Vice President and Co$Director' &etro+olitan Policy Pro%ram' 5he Brookin%s
;nstitution
C*# Eenney' =ason 5. &inister of m+loyment and Social De"elo+ment
(BR Eerr' =ohn De+uty Chairman' Scottish Power
3S* Eissin%er' >enry *. Chairman' Eissin%er *ssociates' ;nc.
3S* Eleinfeld' Elaus Chairman and C!' *lcoa
53R EoX' &ustafa Chairman' EoX >oldin% *.S.
D#E Era%h' Steffen President and C!' %mont
3S* Era"is' >enry R. Co$Chairman and Co$C!' Eohl:er% Era"is Ro:erts Y Co.
3S* Era"is' &arie$=os_e Senior )ellow and Vice Chair' >udson ;nstitute
C> Eudelski' *ndr_ Chairman and C!' Eudelski (rou+
;#5 La%arde' Christine &ana%in% Director' ;nternational &onetary )und
BL Leysen' 5homas Chairman of the Board of Directors' EBC (rou+
3S* Li' Chen% Director' =ohn L. 5hornton China Center' 5he Brookin%s ;nstitution
SW Lif"endahl' 5o"e Political ditor in Chief' S"enska Da%:ladet
C># Liu' >e &inister' !ffice of the Central Leadin% (rou+ on )inancial and conomic *ffairs
PR5 &acedo' Paulo &inister of >ealth
)R* &acron' mmanuel De+uty Secretary (eneral of the Presidency
;5* &a%%ioni' &onica ditor$in$Chief' Rainews.0' R*; 5V
(BR &andelson' Peter Chairman' (lo:al Counsel LLP
3S* &c*fee' *ndrew Princi+al Research Scientist' &assachusetts ;nstitute of 5echnolo%y
PR5 &edeiros' ;nes de &em:er of Parliament' Socialist Party
(BR &icklethwait' =ohn ditor$in$Chief' 5he conomist
(RC &itsotaki' *le2andra Chair' *ction*id >ellas
;5* &onti' &ario Senator$for$lifeN President' Bocconi 3ni"ersity
3S* &undie' Crai% =. Senior *d"isor to the C!' &icrosoft Cor+oration
C*# &unroe$Blum' >eather Professor of &edicine and Princi+al (President) merita' &c(ill 3ni"ersity
3S* &urray' Charles *. W.>. Brady Scholar' *merican nter+rise ;nstitute for Pu:lic Policy Research
#LD #etherlands' >.R.>. Princess Beatri2 of the
SP #in (_no"a' =uan &arba De+uty Chairman and C!' Cai2aBank
)R* #ou%ayrZde' #atalie Director and 2ecuti"e ditor' Le &onde
D#E !lesen' Saren$Peter ProfessorN &em:er of the Board of Directors' 5he Carls:er% )oundation
);# !llila' =orma Chairman' Royal Dutch Shell' +lcN Chairman' !utokum+u Plc
53R !ran' 3mut De+uty Chairman' Re+u:lican Peo+leJs Party (C>P)
(BR !s:orne' (eor%e Chancellor of the 2che6uer
)R* Pellerin' )leur State Secretary for )orei%n 5rade
3S* Perle' Richard #. Resident )ellow' *merican nter+rise ;nstitute
3S* Petraeus' Da"id >. Chairman' EER (lo:al ;nstitute
C*# Polo@' Ste+hen S. (o"ernor' Bank of Canada
;#5 Rasmussen' *nders )o%h Secretary (eneral' #*5!
D#E Rasmussen' =ar%en >uno Chairman of the Board of 5rustees' 5he Lund:eck )oundation
;#5 Redin%' Vi"iane
Vice President and Commissioner for =ustice' )undamental Ri%hts and Citi@enshi+'
uro+ean Commission
3S* Reed' Easim &ayor of *tlanta
C*# Reisman' >eather &. Chair and C!' ;ndi%o Books Y &usic ;nc.
#!R Reiten' i"ind Chairman' Ela"eness &arine >oldin% *S
D3 RVtt%en' #or:ert Chairman' )orei%n *ffairs Committee' (erman Bundesta%
3S* Ru:in' Ro:ert . Co$Chair' Council on )orei%n RelationsN )ormer Secretary of the 5reasury
3S* Rumer' u%ene
Senior *ssociate and Director' Russia and urasia Pro%ram' Carne%ie ndowment for
;nternational Peace
#!R Rynnin%$5annesen' Christian President and C!' Statkraft *S
#LD Samsom' Diederik &. Parliamentary Leader P"d* (La:our Party)
(BR Sawers' =ohn Chief' Secret ;ntelli%ence Ser"ice
#LD Scheffer' Paul =. *uthorN Professor of uro+ean Studies' 5il:ur% 3ni"ersity
#LD Schi++ers' dith &inister of >ealth' Welfare and S+ort
3S* Schmidt' ric . 2ecuti"e Chairman' (oo%le ;nc.
*35 Scholten' Rudolf C!' !esterreichische Eontroll:ank *(
3S* Shih' Clara C! and )ounder' >earsay Social
);# Siilasmaa' Risto E. Chairman of the Board of Directors and ;nterim C!' #okia Cor+oration
SP S+ain' >.&. the Hueen of
3S* S+ence' *. &ichael Professor of conomics' #ew 4ork 3ni"ersity
);# Stadi%h' Eari President and C!' Sam+o +lc
3S* Summers' Lawrence >. Charles W. liot 3ni"ersity Professor' >ar"ard 3ni"ersity
;RL Sutherland' Peter D. Chairman' (oldman Sachs ;nternationalN 3# S+ecial Re+resentati"e for &i%ration
SW S"an:er%' Carl$>enric Chairman' Vol"o *B and BP +lc
53R 5aftalf' *. gmit &em:er of the Board' Suna and ;nan EiraX )oundation
3S* 5hiel' Peter *. President' 5hiel Ca+ital
D#E 5o+sae' >enrik Chairman' >aldor 5o+sae *9S
(RC 5soukalis' Loukas President' >ellenic )oundation for uro+ean and )orei%n Policy
#!R 3llt"eit$&oe' =ens )ounder and C!' 3moe *S
;#5 g@cmcc' *hmet Director$(eneral' !r%anisation for the Prohi:ition of Chemical Wea+ons
C> Vasella' Daniel L. >onorary Chairman' #o"artis ;nternational
);# Wahlroos' BIVrn Chairman' Sam+o +lc
SW Wallen:er%' =aco: Chairman' ;n"estor *B
SW Wallen:er%' &arcus Chairman of the Board of Directors' Skandina"iska nskilda Banken *B
3S* Warsh' Ee"in &. Distin%uished Visitin% )ellow and Lecturer' Stanford 3ni"ersity
(BR Wolf' &artin >. Chief conomics Commentator' 5he )inancial 5imes
3S* Wolfensohn' =ames D. Chairman and C!' Wolfensohn and Com+any
#LD Galm' (errit Chairman of the &ana%in% Board' *B#$*&R! Bank #.V.
(RC Ganias' (eor%e Chairman of the Board' #ational Bank of (reece
3S* Goellick' Ro:ert B. Chairman' Board of ;nternational *d"isors' 5he (oldman Sachs (rou+
*35 *ustria (RC (reece
BL Bel%ium >3# >un%ary
C*# Canada ;#5 ;nternational
C> Swit@erland ;RL ;reland
C># China ;5* ;taly
D3 (ermany #LD #etherlands
D#E Denmark #!R #orway
SP S+ain PR5 Portu%al
);# )inland SW Sweden
)R* )rance 53R 5urkey
(BR (reat Britain 3S* 3nited States of *merica
Source1 htt+199:ilder:er%meetin%s.or%9+artici+ants.html
Dress Release
Bilderberg Meetings
G2nd Bilderberg conference to ta#e place fro" 2% Ma$ - 1 &une 2014 in openhagen! Den"ar#'
openhagen! 2G Ma$ 2014 $ 5he 7.nd Bilder:er% meetin% is set to take +lace from .? &ay until , =une ./,0 in Co+enha%en'
Denmark. * total of around ,0/ +artici+ants from .. countries ha"e confirmed their attendance. *s e"er' a di"erse %rou+ of
+olitical leaders and e2+erts from industry' finance' academia and the media ha"e :een in"ited. 5he list of +artici+ants is
a"aila:le on www.:ilder:er%meetin%s.or%
5he key to+ics for discussion this year include1
>s the econo%ic reco'er& sustainableV
7ho "ill pa& for the de%ographicsV
9oes pri'ac& existV
*o" special is the relationship in intelligence sharingV
Big shifts in technolog& and :obs
Ahe future of de%ocrac& and the %iddle class trap
ChinaSs political and econo%ic outloo2
Ahe ne" architecture of the Middle <ast
=2raine
7hat next for <uropeV
Current e'ents
)ounded in ,?F0' Bilder:er% is an annual conference desi%ned to foster dialo%ue :etween uro+e and #orth *merica. "ery
year' :etween ,./$,F/ +olitical leaders and e2+erts from industry' finance' academia and the media are in"ited to take +art in the
conference. *:out two thirds of the +artici+ants come from uro+e and the rest from #orth *mericaN a++ro2imately one third
from +olitics and %o"ernment and the rest from other fields.
5he conference is a forum for informal discussions a:out maIor issues facin% the world. 5he meetin%s are held under the
Chatham >ouse Rule' which states that +artici+ants are free to use the information recei"ed' :ut neither the identity nor the
affiliation of the s+eaker(s) nor of any other +artici+ant may :e re"ealed.
5hanks to the +ri"ate nature of the conference' the +artici+ants are not :ound :y the con"entions of their office or :y +re$a%reed
+ositions. *s such' they can take time to listen' reflect and %ather insi%hts.
5here is no desired outcome' no resolutions are +ro+osed' no "otes are taken' and no +olicy statements are issued.
B#DSC
-ditorBs @ote! not for publication
&edia Contact1 mediaBhC:ilder:er%meetin%s.or%
Source1 htt+199:ilder:er%meetin%s.or%9+ress$release.html
5he ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s Conference was held at the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in
Co+enha%en' Denmark' located near 5i"oli (ardens and *malien:or% Palace
from 5hursday' &ay .?' ./,0 to Sunday' =une ,' ./,0.
&a+ of downtown Co+enha%en' Denmark
Co+enha%en *ir+ort BEastru+C' located near Co+enha%en' Denmark
Co+enha%en Central 5rain Station (.obeha)s Ho)edbaeg/rdN .obeha) H) is located within walkin% distance of the
Co+enha%en &arriott >otel.
./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s Conference at Co+enha%en' Denmark (.? &ay$, =une ./,0)
Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark' the site of the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference (Photo1 ;nfowars)
* +olice officer %uards the +erimeter of the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay .-' ./,0' a day :efore
the :e%innin% of the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
Barricade is erected outside Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay .-' ./,0' a day :efore the :e%innin%
of the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
* +rotestor standin% on a +u:lic sidewalk near the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark' where the ./,0
Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference is held' was assaulted and arrested on &ay .?' ./,0 for refusin% to show identification.
Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark
Co+enha%en &arriott >otel conference room
Retired 3.S. *rmy (en. Da"id >. Petraeus is seen Io%%in% near the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel durin% the first day of ./,0
Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay .?' ./,0. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
Secretary (eneral of #*5! *nders )o%h Rasmussen (left) and &ana%in% Director of ;nternational &onetary )und Christine
La%arde attend the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference held in Co+enha%en' Denmark in &ay ./,0. (Photo1 Polfoto)
ric Schmidt (center)' chairman of the :oard of (oo%le' meets with other Bilder:er% %uests at the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel
durin% the second day of ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay A/' ./,0. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
ric Schmidt (.
nd
left)' chairman of the :oard of (oo%le' and =ames Wolfensohn (center' standin%)' former President of the
World Bank' meet with other Bilder:er% %uests at the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel durin% the second day of ./,0 Bilder:er%
&eetin%s conference in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay A/' ./,0. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
Princess (formerly Hueen) Beatri2 of the #etherlands enters the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel durin% the first day of ./,0
Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay .?' ./,0. (Photo1 Prison+lanet)
Hueen Sofia of S+ain enters the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel durin% the first day of ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in
Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay .?' ./,0. (Photo1 Prison+lanet)
=ames Wolfensohn (left) and tienne Da"i%non enIoy a lunch :reak outside the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel durin% the second
day of ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay A/' ./,0. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
Bilder:er% limousines are seen +arked outside the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay A,' ./,0 durin%
the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
Danish +olice officers film re+orters who are standin% outside the :arricade of the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en'
Denmark on &ay A/' ./,0 durin% the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
Bilder:er% %uest Diederik Samsom' Parliamentary Leader P"d* (La:our Party) of the #etherlands' s+eaks to +rotesters in
Co+enha%en' Denmark on &ay A,' ./,0. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
&ayor of *tlanta Easim Reed de+arts the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel in Co+enha%en' Denmark on Sunday' =une ,' ./,0
followin% the conclusion of the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference. (Photo1 ;nfowars)
)eorge ;sborne left!, the Chancellor of the <xeche(uer, appears "ith Sir 4ohn 6err/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
)eorge ;sborne and Sir 4ohn 6err, "ith 0iat chair%an 4ohn <l2ann in the bac2ground/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Richard #erle center! appears "ith Sir 4ohn 6err during a lunch brea2 at the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/
#hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Carl Bildt left!, the current 0oreign Minister of S"eden, %eets "ith 9utch #rofessor $ictor *alberstadt at the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings
conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
6e'in 7arsh left! appears "ith #aul +chleitner center!, the chair%an of 9eutsche Ban2, and Christine 5agarde, the Managing 9irector of the
>nternational Monetar& 0und/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Sir 4ohn 6err appears "ith other Bilderberg guests, including 0rench go'ern%ent official 0leur #ellerin s%o2ing a cigarette!, during a lunch
brea2 at the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
<ric Sch%idt, +lex 6arp and $i'iane Reding attend the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
4a%es 7olfensohn and $iscount 9a'ignon attend the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
#eter Mandelson attends the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
)eorge ;sborne and 4ohn Mic2leth"ait attend the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
0iat chair%an 4ohn <l2ann attends the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
<d Balls attends the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Supre%e +llied Co%%ander of <urope )en/ #hilip Breedlo'e attends the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/
#hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Microsoft soft"are executi'e Craig Mundie attends the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/
#hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
M>C chief Sir 4ohn Sa"ers left! engages in a con'ersation "ith Carl@*enric S'anberg, the chair%an of British #etroleu%/
#hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Ahe Supre%e +llied Co%%ander of <urope, )eneral #hilip Breedlo'e left!, lea'es the Marriot hotel in Copenhagen after discussing =2raine
#hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
5eft photo: N+A; Secretar& )eneral +nders 0ogh Ras%ussen left! is seen departing the Copenhagen Marriott *otel during the 2014
Bilderberg Meetings conference held in Copenhagen, 9en%ar2/ #hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
Spanish Minister of 0oreign +ffairs 4osL Manuel )arcNa@Margallo attend the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/
#hoto: *annah Borno8Ahe )uardian!
>M0 Managing 9irector Christine 5agarde lea'es the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/
*enr& 6issinger arri'es at the 2014 Bilderberg Meetings conference/
=nidentified %e%bers of the Bilderberg )roup %eet in the patio of the Copenhagen Marriott *otel in Copenhagen, 9en%ar2 during the 2014
Bilderberg Meetings conference/
Police officers stand outside the entrance of the Co+enha%en &arriott >otel durin% the ./,0 Bilder:er% &eetin%s conference
held in Co+enha%en' Denmark in &ay ./,0.