1.

Aaron Beck


Cognitive perspective; cognitive therapy
2. Abraham Maslow

Humanistic perspective; hierarchy of needs and self-
actualization
3. Albert Bandura

Sociocultural perspective; social learning theory
(observational learning) and theory of self-efficacy
4. Albert Ellis



Behavioral perspective; rational-emotive behavioral
therapy (REBT)
5. Alfred Adler


Psychodynamic perspective; theory of inferiority,
psychological defense mechanism of compensation,
and birth order theory
6. Alfred Binet



Cognitive perspective; the Stanford-Binet test (first test
to measure IQ)
7. Anna Freud




Psychodynamic perspective; psychological defense
mechanisms
8. Anna O.


Psychodynamic perspective; patient of Josef Breuer and
first patient of psychoanalysis
9. Benjamin Whorf

Sociocultural perspective; linguistic relativity hypothesis
10. B. F. Skinner



Behavioral perspective; operant conditioning, Skinner
box, and (attempted) pigeon-controlled missile
11. Carl Jung



Psychodynamic perspective; personal unconscious,
collective unconscious, and archetypes
12. Carl Rogers



Humanistic perspective; unconditional positive regard,
self-actualizing tendency, self-concept, and types of self
(real and ideal self)
13. Carol Gilligan Cognitive perspective; arguing that Kohlbergs stages of



moral development were too male-oriented and stating
that men judge as moral actions that lead to justice
while women judge as moral nonviolent actions
14. Charles Darwin



Evolutionary perspective; evolution, natural selection,
and adaptation
15. Charles Spearman



Cognitive perspective; g factor and s factor of
intelligence
16. Clark Hull



Biological perspective; drive-reduction theory
17. Daniel Goleman


Cognitive perspective; emotional intelligence
18. Darley and Latane


Sociocultural perspective; bystander effect

19. David McClelland




Cognitive perspective; Need Theory (nAch, nPow, and
nAff)
20. David Rosenhan



Biological perspective; Rosenhan experiment, which
challenged psychiatric diagnosis as being grossler
inaccurate
21. David Weschler



Cognitive perspective; developing IQ tests designed for
specific age groups, such as the Weschler Adult
Intelligence Scale, the Weschler Intelligence Scale for
Children, and the Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale
of Intelligence
22. Hermann Ebbinghaus



Cognitive perspective; developing the forgetting curve
and spacing effect
23. Edward Thorndike



Behavioral perspective; work with cats in the puzzle
box and the Law of Effect
24. Ekman and Friesen


Cognitive perspective; facial feedback hypothesis
25. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross




Sociocultural perspective; five stages of grief
26. Elizabeth Loftus


Cognitive perspective; work with eyewitness
testimonies, constructive processing, and the
misinformation effect
27. Erik Erikson







Psychodynamic perspective; Eriksons psychosocial
stages of development
28. Ernst Weber



Biological perspective; Webers law (just-noticeable
difference)
29. Francis Galton



Cognitive perspective; work in psychometrics,
differential psychology, and studying intelligence