၀ိပႆနာ တရားအေမး အေျဖ အပုိင္း-၂

arwåmjzifh
jzefYa0vSL'gef;ygonf/
odkY
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rS
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todÓPfwdk;NyD;
jzefYa0cHpm;Edkifygap/
earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'ó
¨
0dyóemw&m;oifwef;
tar;tajzrsm;
trSwfpOf (2)
aus;Zl;awmf&Sif
"r®'lwq&mawmfBuD;
(t*¾r[mo'¨r®aZmwduaZ)
(t*¾r[mur®|memp&d,)
(yd#uwå,yg&*l) (0dod|'DCbmPu)
(omoem"Z od&Dy0& "r®mp&d,)
\ wynfh
"r®'lwt&SifaqudE´
(omoe"Z "r®mp&d,)
(o'¨r®aeykn "r®mp&d,)
(omoeaZmwdygv "r®mp&d,)
A.G.T.I (Civil)
ajzMum;onf/
0dyóemw&m;oifwef; tar;tajzrsm; (2) 1
jzpfwwfMuygonf/
aus;Zl;awmf&Sif "r®'lw q&mawmfBuD;\
qE´t& pmaya&;om;rI jyKcJhygonf/
0dyóem w&m;oifwef; tar;tajzrsm; trSwf
pOf (1) udkvnf; ajzqdka&;om;cJhygonf/ xkdpmtkyfudk
zwf½&I ol &[ef;? omraP? oDv&Si?f a,m*D vly*k K¾d vf
wkdYu trSwfpOf (2) udk arQmfvifhaeMuygonf/
a&;om;yg&ef pmjzifh vnf;aumif;? w,fvzD ek ;f
jzifh vnf;aumif;? awGUqkHí vnf;aumif;? wpfqifh
tm;jzifh vnf;aumif; wdkufwGef;cJhMuygonf/
rdrdvnf; vsifvsifjrefjref a&;om;cJhygonf/
okYd aomf pum;vk;H ok;H EIe;f rIu tp jyefvnf qef;ppfrI
jyKaeonfuwpfaMumif;?]]aowwf? aewwf? w&m;
tm;xkwfwwfzdkY vlwdkif;odapcsifygonf}}? ]]owd&SdzkdY
owdxm;MupkdY}}? ]]today; pum;pkrsm;}}? ]]0dyóem
tvkyf tESpfcsKyf}} paom pmrlrsm;udk a&;om;aeonf
2 0dyóemw&m;oifwef; tar;tajzrsm; (2)
u wpfaMumif; paom taMumif;aMumif;wkdYaMumifh

trSwfpOf (2) pmtkyfonf tcsdefaemufuscJhygonf/
jzpfwwfMuygonf/
þokYd oabmrSm pma&;olwikd ;f jzpfwwfonfh
oabmjzpfygonf/
þtrSwfpOf (2) aemufuscJhaomfvnf; tjcm;
aom pmtkyrf sm; xGu&f cdS ohJ jzifh y&dowfrsm; ESpo f rd hf
EdkifMurnf[k arQmfvifhrdygonf/
]]pma&;? pmcs? w&m;a[m? w&m;jy}} [laom
"r®'lw vkyfief;BuD;rsm;udk jrwfEdk;awmfrlonfh aus;Zl;
awmf&Sif "r®'lw q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;onf þuJhokdY
aom pmaya&;om;rItvkyf aqmif&GufaeonfwdkYudk
jrwfEdk;ESpfoufaeygvdrfhrnf/ q&mawmfBuD; jzpfap
csifonfh "r®'w l vkyif ef;udk xrf;aqmifaeojzifv h nf;
0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfaeygvdrfhrnf/
aus;Zl;awmf&Sif q&mwmfBuD; ay;cJhaom tod
w&m;wkYdjzifh q&mawmfBuD; jrwfE;kd aom "r®'w l vkyif ef;
rsm;udk aqmif&Guf ae&jcif;onf yifvQif rdrd\
0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omrIudk twdkif;rod jzpfapygonf/
q&mhtvdu k s aqmif&u G Ef ikd ?f aqmif&u
G cf iG &hf aom
wynfhwkdY\ twdkif;tq r&Sd 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfrI
rsKd;onfvnf; avmuoabmtm;jzifh jzpfwwfMu

ygonf/
xk d Y aMumif h wynf h w d k i f ; twd k i f ; tqr&S d
0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om jzpfEdkifMuygap/
"r®'lw t&SifaqudE´
pmcs? "r®uxdu? ur®|memp&d,?
"r®'lw em,utzGJU0if?
A.G.T.I (Civil)
"r®'w l awm&?
awmifpGef;? bDvif;NrdKUe,f? rGefjynfe,f/
0dyóemw&m;oifwef;
ar;qdkxm;csufrsm;
pmrsuf E S m
ar; - 0dyóemw&m; vufawGUtm;xkwf
EdkifzdkYtwGuf owdy|mef taMumif;
odcsifygw,f/ .. 7
ar; - 0dyóem tm;xkwfwJhtcg enf;
wpfrsKd;wnf; tm;xkwfwmeJY enf;
rsKd;pkHudk tm;xkwfwm b,f[mu
ydkaumif;ygovJ/ ..10
ar; - 0dyóem tm;xkwf&if i&JrS vGwf
Edkifyg ovm;/
ar; - w&m;tm;xkwfwm Mumayr,fh
wpfcgwpfav pdwfudk xdef;Edkif&m ..16
uae vGwfoGm;ygw,f/ w&m;
rysufatmif b,fvdk xdef;&ygrvJ/..19
ar; - ½kyfudk ½IEdkifaewm MumygNyD/ emrfudk
½Icsif ygw,f/ b,fvdk ½I&ygrvJ/ ..2 4
ar; - 'ku©udk od&if w&m;odNyDvdkY qdkMuyg
w,f/ 'ku©a&mufaeolwdkif; w&m;
odaeMuNyDvm;/ ..2 7
pmrsuf E S m
ar; - 0dyóemorm;jzpfvdkY y&rwf
oufoufudkom p½Icdkif;wJh ur®|mef;
udkyJ nTefjyay;yg/ ..30
ar; - ynwfeJY y&rwfudk &Sif;jyyg/ ..34
ar; - owdxm;NyD; ½Iayr,fh Mumawmh
ysif;vm ygw,f/ rysif;atmif
b,fvdk ½I&ygrvJ/ ..39
ar; - rajymif;rjyifbJ MumMumxdkifwmeJY
ajymif; jyifay;wm b,f[mu ydkNyD;
w&m; odEdkifygovJ/ ..4 2
ar; - BudK;pm;ayr,fh w&m;rodao;yg/
yg&rD r&Sdbl;vdkY xifygw,f/ &Sif;jy
ay;yg/ ..45
ar; - todeJY tusifhtaMumif; xyf&Sif;jy
ygOD;/ ..50
ar; - w&m;xdkifwJhtcg twdwfb0
taMumif;awG jyefjrif&if 0dyóem
½IvkdY &ygovm;/ ..57
ar; - 0dyóemqdkwm b,ftcsdefrSm bm
awGudk b,fvdk ½I&rSmygvJ/ ..66
ar; - opf&Guftpdrf;omjrifNyD; jzpfysuf
rjrifwm ½Ienf; rSm;aeygovm;/ ..70
ar; - 0dyóemw&m;vufawGU tm;xkwfEdkifzdkY

twGuf ]owdy|meftaMumif;} odcsifyg
w,f /
ajz - 0dyóemw&m; tm;xkwzf Ydk twGuf ]owd
y|mef} qdw k hJ pum;xuf ]r[mowdy|mef}vkYd ajymMu?
qdkMuapcsifygw,f/ ]r[m owdy|me okwHå}
jzpfvdkYyg/
r[mowdy|me okwåefBuD;xJrSm psmef&zdkYwGuf
orxenf;? r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPf&zdkYtwGuf 0dyóem
enf; pwJh w&m;tm;xkwfenf;aygif; pkHpkHvifvif
trsm;BuD; &Sdygw,f/
]]r[mowd | me}} qd k w m ]]r[m=BuD ; us,f
jrifjh rwfaom? owdy|me=owd\ wnf&m? owdwnf
jcif;? &Sdjcif;}} vdkY t"dyÜm,f&Sdygw,f/
owdwnfjcif;? owd&Sdjcif; qdkwmu em;vnf
vG,fovdk BuD;us,fjrifhjrwfwmudk ynmwnfjcif;?
ynmÓmPf&Sdjcif;vkdY od&if em;vnfoGm;Edkifygw,f/
owdeYJ ynm wG, J OS Nf yD; aewJo
h abmyg/ pdwrf mS
owdvnf;&Sd? ynmÓmPfvnf; &Sdaewmudk qdkvdkyg
w,f/
pdwfjzpf&if tm½Hkudk odwwfwJh oabm&Sdawmh

owdynm&SdwJh r[mowdy|mefpdwfrSmvnf; odp&m
tm½Hq
k wkd m &Syd gw,f/ um,? a0; em? pdw?å "r®vYkd
av;rsKd; &Sdygw,f/
em;vnfvG,fatmifqdk&if-
t½IcHtm½Hk eJY ½I-pdwf
um, - tEk + yóem + owdy|me
a0oem - tEk + yóem + owdy|me
pdwå - tEk + yóem + owdy|me
"r® - tEk + yóem + owdy|me
vkdY tm½Hku av;rsKd; uGJjym;oGm;ygw,f/
½Ipdwftaeuawmh wpfrsKd;wnf;yJ &Sdygw,f/
½kyf"mwf taygif; - um,
tm½Hk&JU t&omudk cHpm;rI - a0'em
tm½Hkudk odwwfrI - pdwå
<uif;usefwJh oabmw&m; - "r®vkdY t½IcH
oabm awGu tm½Hk av;rsKd;yg/
vufawGU tm;xkwfEdkifzkdYtwGuf ½Ipdwfbufudk
ydkNyD; oabmaygufatmif ajymjyygr,f/
tEk - tukov kd rf jzpf udavomeD0&P

awG r0ifatmif xyfumxyfum
BudK;pm; tm;xkwfrI pdwf0D&d,?
vkHYv/
yóem - t&St d wdik ;f ? trSet
f wdik ;f aocsm
ydkif;jcm;odEdkifwJh ynmÓmPf/
owdy|me - pdwrf mS udavom eD0&PawG
r0ifvmatmif umuG,f apmifh
a&SmufwwfwJh owd/
½Ipw
d jf zpfzYdktwGuf 0D&, d ? ynm? owd ok;H rsK;d &Sad e
&r,fvkdY oabmaygufoGm;ygNyD/ 0dóem ½Ipdwfjzpf
zkYdyg/
owdeYJ 0D&,
d u orm"dr*¾iw f &m;awGyg/ owd&dS
ae&if 0D&,
d vnf; &Sad evkYdyg/ orm"dvnf; &Sad eEdik yf gNyD/
ynmÓPfjzpfae&if or®m'd|djzpfNyD; or®mouFyÜ
vnf; yg0ifaeygNyD/ ynmr*¾if tkyfpkjzpfaeygNyD/
r[mowdy|mef okwåeft& 0dyóemw&m;
vufawGU tm;xkwEf ikd zf YkdtwGuf pdwrf mS owd? 0D&,
d ?
ynm&SdzdkY? owdÓmPf yg0ifaezkdY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/
owdÓPf&SdaewJh 0dyóempdwfu um,? a0'em?

pdwå? "r®qdkwJh tm½Hkwpfckckudk ½IMunfhaeygNyD/
tJ'Dvdk tcsdefwdkif;? xyfumxyfum ½IMunfhae
Edkif&if 0dyóemtwguf r[mowdy|meftaMumif;
odomG ;NyD; vufawGU tm;xkwaf ew,fvYkd ac:ygw,f/
tar;tajz trSwf (1) üvnf; tao;pdwf
ajzay;xm;ygw,f/
a
ar; - 0dyóem tm;xkwfwJhtcg enf;wpfrsKd;

wnf;tm;xkww f meJY enf;rsK;d pHuk kd tm;xkwf
wm b,f[mu ydak umif;ygovJ/
ajz - xrif;pm;ovdkygyJ/ xrif;0dkif;rSm xrif;
vnf; &dSw,f/ [if;rsKd;pHkawGvnf; &dSygw,f/ [if;
wpfcGufwnf; pm;rvm;¿ [if;rsKd;pHkudk pm;rvm;¿
ar;ovdk jzpfaeygw,f/
xrif;pm;wmuqmavmifrw G of yd rf I aysmufuif;
NyD; usef;rmzdYk ? cGet
f m;AvawG wd;k wufzYkd ? aumif;usKd;
awG &&dzS Ykd yg/
usef;rmcsrf;omzdkY? cGeftm;wdk;zdkYqdk&if usef;rm
a&;eJY oifhawmfwmudk a&G;pm;aygh/ cGeftm;wdk;apwJh
[if ; ud k a&G ; pm;aygh / [if ; cG u f w d k i f ; u
aumif ; usKd ; &ap r,f q d k & if cG u f r sKd ; pH k y J p m;pm;?
wpf c G u f w nf ; yJ p m;pm; pm;vd k Y &ygw,f /
aumif ; ygw,f / [if ; cG u f w d k i f ; aumif ;
w,fvdkYxifayr,fh udk,feJY rwnfh&if qdk;usKd;awG
&Edkifwmaygh/
enf;rsKd;pHkqdkwm q&mrsKd;pHk? &dyfomrsKd;pHk? t½IcH
tm½HkawG&JU rlvtaeeJY ae&mrsKd;pHkawG uJGjym;wmudk
&nf&G,fNyD; ajymwmjzpfygvdrfhr,f/
0dyóem w&m;uawmh enf;wpfrsK;d wnf; ygyJ/

]]tedpmö 'd0aoe 0d0ad "e tmuma&e yówDwd
0dyóem? ynma0om tw¬awm}} qdkwJh pum;t&
tedpö pwJh vu©PmawG&JU tpGrf;eJY trsKd;rsKd;
tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh Munfw h wf? jrifwwf? oabmayguf
odwwfvkdY 0dyóemvkdY ac:ygw,f/ vdk&if;uawmh
0dyóem qdw k m ynmÓmPfygyJ/
tedpmö 'da0oe "ar® 0dyóemwDwd 0dyóem?
]]"r®awGukd tedpö pwJh vu©Pmtm;jzifh ÓmPfeYJ
jrif& od&wm[m 0dyóem}} vdYk qdak wmh "r®awGukd
odzYkd vdv k mjyefygw,f/
'Dae&mrSm "r®qw kd m tedp?ö 'ku?© tewå vu©Pm
oabmawG&w dS hJ ocFg&"r®awGyg/ avmuD"r®jzpfwhJ ½ky?f
emrf? cE¨m? tm,we"mwfawGukd ac:ygw,f/
um,? a0'em? pdw?å "r®qw kd hJ r[mowdy|me
okwu f qdx k m;wJh tm½Hak v;yg;udk ½IMunfah ewmvkYd vnf;
ajymvkY&d Edik yf gw,f/ tedp?ö 'ku?© tewå oabm awG&w dS hJ
ocFg& y&rwfawG jzpf&ygr,f/
wcsKUd u 'Dtm½Hak v;rsK;d udyk J ynwftac:a0:awGeYJ
pwifNy;D oifjyMuwJt h cg i,fxyd ?f ESmacgif;0? EIwcf rf;
zsm;? 0rf;Adu k ?f &ifcsKid ?hf ESv;Hk qdwk hJ ae&mtrsK;d rsK;d awGukd

nTejf yay;Mu&ygw,f/ 'gudk enf;trsK;d rsK;d qdMk uwm
vnf; jzpfEikd yf gw,f/
wd;k wmud½k ?I xdwmud½k ?I 0ifwm xGuw f mud½k ?I ydewf m
azmif;wmudk½I? jzpfwm ysufwm½IvdkY pwJh oifay;rI
onmtrSwt f om; tajccHvrf;nTerf aI wG aMumifv h nf;
enf;trsK;d rsK;d vdYk ajymMuygao;w,f/
aemufNyD; b,fq&mawmf? b,fw&m;pcef;?
b,f&yd o f mqdw k hJ enf;awGuv kd nf; cGwJ wfMuygao;
w,f/
0dyóemqdw k m bk&m;enf;yg/ bk&m;&Si&f UJ enf;
twdik ;f oifjyay;aeMuwmyg/
½kyef mrf"r® ocFg&awG&UJ rNrJ? qif;&J? tpd;k r&wJh
oabmawGukd odjrif&rSmyg/
enf;trsKd;rsKd; tm;xkwfvnf; 'Doabm jrif&?
od&rSmyg/ enf;wpfrsK;d wnf; tm;xkwv f nf; 'Doabm
yJ jrif&? od&rSmyg/
rdrdeJY oifhavsmfwJh wnfhwJhenf;udk tm;xkwfyg/
pdwcf sr;f om? ud, k cf sr;f omeJY owd? 0D&, d ? ynm
ÓPftm;awG aumif;vmw,f/ wdk;wufvmw,f
qd&k if rdred YJ oifah wmfygNyD? udkufnDygNyD/
'Dvrkd S r[kwb f J tm;xkw&f wm tqifrajybl;?

owd ÓPftm;awG aumif;rvmbl;qd&k if enf;wpfrsK;d
ajymif;NyD; tm;xkwMf unfyh g/
enf;ajymif;wmeJY q&majymif;wm rwlygbl;/
q&majymif;wmu yk*¾dKvfajymif;&wmyg/ enf;
ajymif;w,fqw kd m um,udk ½I&muae a0'em? pdw?å
"r®oabmawGukd ajymif;&wmrsK;d ? 'grSr[kwf owd ÓPfeYJ
tm;xk w f & wJ h tvk y f r S m owd t m;enf ; ae&if
tm;aumif;zkYd? ÓPftm;enf;ae&if ÓPftm;aumif;zkYd?
'grSr[kw&f if owdtm;? ÓPftm;awG? 0D&, d tm;awG
nDrQzkYd qw kd hJ enf;trsKd;rsKd;awGukd ajymif;vGNJ yD; tm;xkwf
&rSmyg/
yk*Kd¾ vfwpfO;D ? q&mwpfO;D wnf;uyJ 0dyóemeJY
ywfoufNyD; rdrdeJY oifhawmfwJh tm;xkwfrIawGudk
nTefjy ay;Edkifr,fqdk&ifawmh yk*d¾Kvfajymif;zdkY rvdkbJ
rdred YJ oifah wmfwehJ nf;udk &Edik &f if ydNk yD; aumif;ygw,f/
'gaMumifh 0dyóemoabmu wpfrsKd;wnf;?
wpfenf;wnf;yg/ q&mwpfOD;wnf;u oifhawmfwJh
tajccHenf;udk ay;Edkif&if? enf;rsKd;pkH nTefjyEdkif&if
oifhawmfwmudk a&G;NyD; tm;xkwfEdkifygw,f/
rdred YJ tqifajywJh enf;udk &NyDq&kd if? owdÓmPf

tm;awG wdk;yGm;vmNyDqdk&if edAÁmefudk jrifawGUEdkifatmif
oifhawmfenf;udkyJ vkHYvBudK;ukwf tm;xkwfapcsifyg
w,f/
tJ'Dvdku ydkaumif;ygw,f/
a
ar; - 0dyóemtm;xkwf&if i&JrS vGwfEdkifyg

ovm;/
ajz - i&JrS vGwEf ikd yf gw,f/ tyg,fav;yg;rS
vnf; vGwfEdkifygw,f/
ar;cGe;f udk axmufqMunf&h if oufaoom"u
udik jf yzdYkxuf ,kwåd &Sd r&Su
d kd ajzqdk &r,f xifygw,f/
i&Jqdkwm tyg,fav;bkHxJu bkHXmewpfckyg/
i&J? wd&pämef?Nyw d må ?tol&um,fawG[mty,fav;bkyH g/
]i&J}qdkwm ]ed&,} ygVdpum;? csrf;omuif;&m
t&yf? csrf;omrI r&Sdjcif;vdkY t"dyÜm,f &Sdygw,f/
]tyg,f}qdkwmvnf;]tyg,=ty+tm,} ygVd
pum;yg/ csrf;omuif;&m? csrf;omrI enf;w,fvkdY
t"dyÜm,fudk &ygw,f/
pdwfqif;&J? udk,fqif;&J ESpfrsKd;rSm ESpfrsKd;pvkH;
qdk;'ku©awGcsnf;yg/ 'gayr,fh udk,fqif;&JaewJhtcg
aewwf? xdik w f wf&if pdwcf sr;f omEdik af o;w,f/ pdwf
qif;&JaeNyDq&kd ifawmh ud, k cf srf;omatmifvnf; rae
wwfawmhbl;/ pdwfqif;&JrIaMumifh udk,fygqif;&JNyD;
qif;&JESpfrsKd;vkH; cHae&ygw,f/
'gaMumifh wcsKdUu ud, k cf srf;om jynfph aHk eayr,fh
pdwq f if;&Jae&&if i&Jusaew,f/ rcsr;f ombl;/ tyg,f
a&mufaew,fvkdY qdkMuygw,f/
bkXH metaeeJYu atmufav;bk?H tedrq hf ;Hk av;bkH vkYd

ajymMuygw,f/ tJ'D tedrq hf ;kH bkaH wG? i&JbaHk wGukd tukov kd f
pdwq f if;&Jru I ydYkay;wmyg/ tukov kd f jzpfaew,fqw kd m
pdwrf mS jzpfwm? pdwq f if;&Jaewmyg/
pdwq f if;&Jw,fqw kd m pdwyf ?l pdwaf emuf? pdwn f pf?
pdw½f yI ?f pdwaf v;aewJh oabmawGyg/
acsmif;xJ? jrpfxJ? a&xJudk azmhwkH;eJY oHwHk;
BuD;BuD;jzpfjzpf? ao;ao;jzpfjzpf ypfcsMunfhvdkufyg/
b,f[m jrKyfrvJ? oHwkH;aygh? oHcJ oHpaygh/
av;wmud k ; /
azmhwHk;u a&ay: ay:w,f/ ayghwmudk;/
'DoabmygyJ/ pdwfav;&if atmufjrKyfr,f/
pdwfayghyg;&if ay:r,f/ txuftjrifhudk wufr,f/
pdwq f if;&Jrq I w kd hJ tukov kd pf w
d jf zpfae&if 'Dpw d u f kd
t&if;cHNyD; BuHpnf ajymqdk jyKral e&if atmufukd
csw,f/ atmuf usygw,f/
pd w f c srf ; omrI q d k w J h uk o d k v f p d w f j zpf a e&if
ayghyg; vef;qef;NyD; txufwufygw,f/
0dyóemqdw k m pdwt f vkyyf g/ ukov kd pf pfppfyg/
txufwef;a&mufapEdkifwJh ukodkvf? pdwfcsrf;omrI
tjrifhrm;qkH; &apwJh ukodkvfyg/
0dyóem tm;xkw&f if pdwcf sr;f omNyD; Munfvif

vef;qef;w,f/ trSeftwdkif; odaevkdY pdwftaESmifh
t,Suaf wG uif;w,f/ pdwv f ef;qef;awmh pdwaf Mumifh
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