COOLING TOWERS

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COOLING TOWERS THP GII NHIT
1 GENERAL 1 TNG QUT
1.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 M T
Roof mounted cooling towers are
covered under this specification.
Cc thp gii nhit t trn mi tun
theo cc qui nh trong chng ny.
1.2 CROSS REFERENCES 1.2 THAM CHIU CHO
General
Refer to the General Requirements
worksection.
Tng qut
Tham chiu n chng Nhng yu cu
chung.
Related Worksections
Refer to the following worksections:
- Mechanical general Requirements.
- Fans.
- Mechanical piping.
Cc chng lin quan
Tham kho cc chng lin quan:
- Nhng yu cu chung v c kh.
- Qut
- ng ng c kh
1.3 INTERPRETATION 1.3 DIN GII
Definition
Capability: The percentage of design
water flow rate that the cooling tower is
capable of cooling through the design
temperature range at the design approach
temperature with air entering at the
design wet bulb temperature.
nh ngha
Cng sut: t l lu lng nc thit k
m thp gii nhit c th lm lnh trong
phm vi nhit thit k ti nhit
gn vi thit k vi khng kh vo ti
nhit bu t thit k.
1.4 STANDARDS 1.4 TIU CHUN
Microbial control
To AS/NZS 3666.1 and the
recommendations of SAA/SNZ HB32.
Kim sot vi khun
Theo AS/NZS 3666.1 v nhng ngh
ca SAA/SNZ HB32.
1.5 DESIGN 1.5 THIT K
Configuration
Cooling towers shall be arranged in a
multicell configuration, and piped so that
each cell can be isolated and operated
independently. Normally cooling towers
to be operated as married, all operating
at the same time.
Towers may either be fanless induced
draft or forced draft type, minimally
constructed of materials best suited for
the ambient conditions and corrosiveness
of the condensing water.
The design must, whenever possible, be
based on complete and comprehensive
chemical analysis of samples taken from
the actual water source at various times
of the year including wet and dry
seasons.
The design must provide easy cleaning
of the entire cold water drainage system
and all other components. To avoid
biofilm and Legionella, piping and other
Cu to
Thp gii nhit c lp trong mt cu
hnh c nhiu ngn, v ng sao cho mi
ngn c th c cch ly v hot ng
mt cch c lp. Thng thng cc
thp gii nhit c hot ng cng
nhau, tt c hot ng cng mt lc.
Cc thp c th l loi gi l cng bc
hoc khng cng bc, ti thiu kt
cu ca vt liu phi ph hp tt nht
vi iu kin mi trng v s n mn
ca nc dn ngng.
Bt c khi no c th, thit k phi da
trn cc mu th phn tch ha hc y
v ton din c ly t ngun nc
thc t nhng thi im khc nhau
trong nm k c ma ma v ma kh.
Thit k phi cho vic lm v sinh d
dng ton b h thng thot nc lnh
v tt c cc thnh phn khc. trnh
hin tng ng vn v vi khun
Legionella, ng ng v cc vng m

COOLING TOWERS
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Centrepoint Page 2 of 7 of B.19 18 September 2007
inaccessible warm areas must be
minimised.
Motors are to be positioned outside of
the moisture laden paths.
khng ti gn c khc phi gim ti
mc ti thiu.
ng c c t pha ngoi nhng
ng c nhiu nc ng.
Location
Prevailing wind conditions must be
taken into account in selecting a suitable
site.
Minimally avoid objectionable noise
levels and air staining of the structure
from discharge air.
At a safe distance away from chimneys,
automobile exhaust, air intakes, dust, and
other adverse elements.
Meet manufacturers minimum
recommended clearances and installation
requirements.
V tr
iu kin gi thng thi phi c
tnh n khi la chn mt v tr thch
hp.
Ti thiu trnh nhng mc n kh chu
v s hm khng kh ca cu trc t
kh thi.
t mt khong cch an ton vi ng
khi, khi thi xe t, li kh vo, bi
bm v cc thnh phn c hi khc.
p ng nhng yu cu lp t v
nhng khong trng cn thit ti thiu
ca nh sn xut.
Married towers
The cooling tower operation is to be
married, such that all towers operate at
one time, regardless of how many
chillers are operating. This is to
maximise the natural cooling effect of
the towers with no fans, and to provide
the lowest possible return condenser
water temperature to improve the
operating efficiency of the chillers.
Cc thp lin kt
S hot ng ca thp gii nhit l
cng nhau, ngha l tt c cc thp hot
ng vo mt thi im, bt k c bao
nhiu chiller ang hot ng. iu ny
lm tng ti a hiu qu lnh t nhin
ca cc thp khng c qut, v cho
nhit nc dn ngng tr v thp
nht c th lm tng hiu qu hot
ng ca cc chiller.
Water Treatment
Special provisions for treatment of
cooling tower water must be made to
minimise concentrations of corrosive
elements, scale and biological fouling.
The water treatment system shall be
designed to control scale, slime and
algae for optimal system efficiency and
shall also be designed to reduce bacteria
levels.
An automatic chemical dosing system
for cooling tower water treatment shall
be provided. The system shall have
adjustable dosing capacity with strip
chart recorder of maintained
conductivity, and an alarm for suspended
and dissolved solids.
Two types of chemical dosage are
required, a bactericide to fight bacteria
like Legionella, and a scale and
corrosion inhibitor. Dosing of
bactericide will be made periodically
once or twice per week based on time
clock and the dosing of inhibitor will be
based on a flow meter installed on the
bleeding line.
A conductivity and a Ph sensor must be
installed on the condenser water, which
will trigger the bleeding of water through
a solenoid valve when the measured
values of conductivity or Ph rises above
the preset values.
X l nc
Nhng s cung cp c bit cho vic
x l nc t thp gii nhit phi lm
gim ti thiu s tp trung cc thnh
phn n mn, cu cn v tc nghn sinh
hc. H thng x l nc c thit k
kim sot cu cn, cht nhn v to
cho hiu qu h thng ti u v cng
c thit k gim mc vi khun.
Mt h thng nh lng ha cht t
ng cho vic x l nc thp gii
nhit phi c cung cp. H thng
phi c kh nng nh lng iu chnh
c vi my ghi biu dn sut
c duy tr, v mt s bo ng vi
huyn ph v cc cht rn ha tan.
Hai loi liu lng ha hc c yu
cu, mt thuc dit vi khun nh loi
Legionella, v mt cht chng ng
cu cn v c ch s n mn. Lng
thuc dit vi khun s c cp theo
chu k mt hoc hai ln mt tun theo
gi v lng cht chng ng cu cn
v c ch s n mn s da trn ng
h o lu lng c lp t trn
ng trch.
Mt cm bin sut dn v mt cm bin
Ph c lp t trn ng nc
ngng, s to ra s trch nc qua mt
van solenoid khi gi tr o c ca
sut dn hoc Ph tng ln trn gi tr
nh trc.
Location
Assess proposed locations of cooling
V tr
nh gi nhng v tr c ngh ca

COOLING TOWERS
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towers and apply appropriate de-rating. thp gii nhit v a ra mc thch hp.
2 QUALITY 2 CHT LNG
2.1 PRE-COMPLETION TESTS 2.1 KIM TRA TRC KHI
HON THNH
Type tests/production tests
Drift loss: To AS 4180.1.
Thermal performance: Select from the
following:
- Testing to CTI Code ATC105.
- Testing to BS 4485:2.
Testing to ASME PTC23.
Kim tra mu/ kim tra sn lng
lch: theo AS 4180.1
Hiu sut nhit: chn nh sau
- Kim tra theo CTI Code ATC105
- Kim tra theo BS 4485:2
- Kim tra theo ASME PTC23
3 MATERIALS AND
COMPONENTS
3 VT LIU V THNH PHN
3.1 MATERIALS 3.1 VT LIU
General
To AS 3855.
Nozzles
ABS or polypropylene.
Mechanical equipment support
Steel hot-dip galvanized after
fabrication, or stainless steel.
Hardware for wetted parts
Material: Stainless steel.
Nails: Helical or spiral.
Hardware for non-wetted parts
Material: Galvanized steel or stainless
steel.
Fill and drift eliminators
Decay and ultraviolet light resistant rigid
UPVC with a minimum temperature
rating of 50C.
Fibreglass treatment
Coat fibreglass with ultraviolet light
stabilised polyester on inside and outside
surfaces.
Tng qut
Theo AS 3855
Vi phun
ABS hoc polypropylene
Chn Thit b c kh
Thp m km nhng nng sau khi ch
to, hoc thp khng r.
kim loi cho vng b t
Vt liu: thp khng r
inh: xon c hay inh c
kim loi cho vng khng b t
Vt liu: thp m km hay thp khng
r
Tm tn nhit v cnh chn nc
ng UPVC cng chc chu c tia t
ngoi v s phn r vi mc nhit
danh nh ti thiu 50C.
X l si thy tinh
Ph si thy tinhvi polyester x l
n nh tia t ngoi cc b mt bn
trong v bn ngoi.
3.2 COLD WATER BASINS 3.2 B CHA NC LNH
Construction
General: Provide basins capable of
supporting the weight of service
personnel and the rated water content.
Fibreglass cold water basins: Minimum
thickness 4mm.

Capacity
Sufficient to contain the water overflow
from the water suspended in the water
distribution system and the fill without
loss to overflow pipes when the water
distribution system is stopped.
Cu to
Tng qut: cung cp cc b c kh
nng chu c ti trng ca nhn vin
bo tr v khi lng nc.
B cha nc lnh bng si thy tinh:
dy ti thiu 4mm

Cng sut
C kh nng bao gm nc chy trn
t nc l lng trong h thng phn
phi nc v tm tn nhit m khng
c tn tht qua ng x trn khi h thng
phn phi nc ngng hot ng.

COOLING TOWERS
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Note the requirements for married
towers, and especially take note of the
volume of water in pipework suspended
above the towers and in the pipework.


Accessories
Filling facilities: Provide a copper alloy
ball float valve to AS 1910, with float.
- Position: Minimum 125mm above
basin spill-out level.
Separate quick fill facilities: Required.
Overflows: DN50 minimum.
Sumps
General: Provide the following:
- Outlet stainless steel strainer
sufficient to prevent vortex forming
at the water outlet.
- Anti-vortex plate, if necessary.
- Drain outlet.
- Provision for equaliser connections
for multiple tower operation.
Flanged water connections: To AS 2129
Table E.
Lu cc yu cu cho cc thp lin
kt, v t bit lu th tch nc
trong ng l lng pha trn thp v
trong ng ng.

Ph kin
Tin ch cp nc: cung cp mt van bi
c phao bng hp kim ng theo AS
1910, vi phao
- V tr: ti thiu trn mc trn ca
b nc 125mm
Tin ch cp nc nhanh: phi c
ng chy trn: ti thiu DN50
Mng hng
Tng qut: cung cp nh sau
- Thit b lc bng thp khng r
u ra c kh nng ngn s to
thnh xoy nc ng nc ra.
- Tm chng xoy, nu cn thit
- ng x u ra
- D phng cc u ni ging nhau
cho s hot ng ca nhiu thp.
u ni mt bch: theo AS 2129 bng E
3.3 CASING 3.3 V THP
Louvres and splash guards
Provide air inlet louvres and splash
guards which are readily removable.
Cell partitions
If divided into cells provide full height
and width partitions that give complete
water vapour and air separation. Extend
partitions downward to separate the cold
water basin.
Li gi v li bo v s bn nc
Cung cp li gi vo v li bo v
s bn nc d tho ri.
Vch ngn
Nu chia nhiu ngn, cung cp cc
vch ngn cao v dy ngn cch
hon ton hi nc v khng kh. Ko
di cc vch ngn xung pha di
chia b cha nc lnh.
3.4 WATER DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM
3.4 H THNG PHN PHI
NC
Fill
Film-type fill: Wave formed sheets
designed to ensure even water
distribution to give maximum wetted
surface area.
Drift eliminators
Location: Provide drift eliminators
located in the air flow downstream of the
fill and water distribution system, so that
full air flow passes through the
eliminator.
Material: GRP/FRP
Distribution system
General: Ensure an even spread of water
over the fill.
Counter flow towers: Distribute water
evenly through non-clog nozzles fitted to
a spray tree arranged for complete
wetting of the fill. Fabricate spray tree
Tm tn nhit
Tm tn nhit loi mng: cc tm c
hnh gn sng c thit k bo
m s phn phi nc ng u to ra
b mt vng c lm t ti a.
Cnh chn nc
V tr: cung cp cnh chn nc t
theo hng khng kh chuyn ng ca
tm tn nhit v h thng phn phi,
ton b khng kh i qua cnh chn
nc.
Vt liu: GRP/FRP
H thng phn phi
Tng qut: bo m mt s tri u
nc trn tm tn nhit.
Thp dng chy ngc: phn phi nc
u nhau qua cc l khng b cn tr
c lp vi mt ng dng cy lm
t hon ton tm tn nhit. Ch to

COOLING TOWERS
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Centrepoint Page 5 of 7 of B.19 18 September 2007
from UPVC with branch pipes readily
removable from pipe headers.
Crossflow towers: Provide either a
gravity type perforated hot water basin
with anti-splash devices or balancing
valves with nozzle distribution system.
Provide removable covers with stainless
steel hardware for exposed hot water
basins.
Flanged water connections: To AS 2129
Table E.
ng dng cy t UVPC vi cc ng
nhnh c th tho d dng ra khi ng
gp chnh.
Thp dng chy ngang: cung cp mt
b cha nc nng c c l loi trng
lc vi thit b chng bn nc hoc
cc van cn bng vi h thng phn
phi bng l.Cung cp v bc tho
c vi phn kim loi bng thp
khng r cho phn b cha nc nng
nh ra ngoi.
u ni mt bch: theo AS 2129 bng E
3.5 FANS 3.5 QUT
Balancing
Static and dynamically balance rotating
equipment.
Shaft
Stainless steel.
Guards
Axial flow fans: Provide a galvanized or
stainless steel mesh guard over the fan
discharge, for safe operation. Allow for
tachometer insertion.
Centrifugal fans: Provide a galvanized or
stainless steel mesh guard over the fan
inlet, for safe operation.


Belt drives
Belts: Wedge belt drive to AS 2784
consisting of matched sets of at least 2
belts, capable of transmitting 150% of
the motor starting torque. If horizontal
belts are used on vertical shafts,
composite joined belts may be used.
Belt tensioning equipment: Provide
adjustment of belt drive tension by
movement of the motor on slide rails or
by pivoting support. Do not use the
weight of the motor to provide belt
tension. Restrain the motor with locknuts
on bolts used to clamp the motor in
place.
Drive guards: Provide demountable
guards to external drives to completely
enclose the drive and exposed shafts.
Allow for tachometer insertion.
Pulleys: Steel or cast iron with epoxy
paint finish.
Gearboxes
Incorporate spiral bevel or helical gears,
with continuous lubrication at all fan
speeds. Extend external lubrication lines
to outside of tower. Provide heavy duty
roller bearings. Provide double lip seals
on input and output shafts.

Fan bearings
S cn bng
Cn bng tnh v ng cho cc thit b
quay
Trc
Thp khng r
Li bo v
Qut hng trc: cung cp li bo v
bng thp khng r hay thp m km
trn ng thi ra ca qut, hot
ng an ton. D phng cho php gn
my o tc gc.
Qut ly tm: cung cp li bo v bng
thp khng r hoc thp m km trn
ng vo ca qut, hot ng an
ton.
B khi ng bng dy ai
Dy ai: khi ng bng dy ai chm
theo AS 2784 gm c cc b ph hp
vi t nht 2 dy ai, c kh nng
truyn 150% mmen khi ng ca
ng c. Nu dy ai loi nm ngang
s dng trn trc ng, cc dy ai
c ni hn hp c th dng.
Thit b cng dy: iu chnh s cng
dy ai bng cch di chuyn ng c
trn cc thanh trt hay quay gi .
Khng s dng trng lc ca ng c
cng dy. Gi ng c bng cc ai
c kha trn bulng kp cht ng
c.
Bo v: cung cp b bo v tho c
cho cc dy ai bn ngoi bao bc
hon ton dy ai v cc trc pha
ngoi. D phng cho php gn my o
tc gc.
Puli: thp hoc gang vi lp sn epoxy
hon thin.
Hp s
Kt hp cht ch hp s xon c hoc
xin theo ng xon c vi s bi
trn lin tc mi tc ca qut. M
rng phm vi bi trn bn ngoi cho
pha ngoi ca thp. Cung cp cc
trc loi a chu ti nng. Lm kn 2
lp pha trong v pha ngoi cc trc.
trc qut

COOLING TOWERS
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Centrepoint Page 6 of 7 of B.19 18 September 2007
Sealed type or grease-lubricated, as
applicable, self-aligning, ball or roller
bearings. For lubricated bearings, make
provision for grease relief and extend
lubrication lines to outside of tower.
Fan stacks
Smoothly contoured with minimum fan
blade tip clearance.
Motors
Type: Totally enclosed.
Motors exposed to moist air stream:
- Degree of protection: IP56.
- Stainless steel shaft.
- Cable entry into conduit box from
below.
- Epoxy paint finish.
Motor insulation: Class 155 to AS 2768.

High efficiency motors
Provide high efficiency motors to
AS/NZS 1359.5
bi hay a, t la, loi kn hay
bi trn bng m thch hp. i vi
bi trn, phi c tic ch d phng cho
m trn ra thay th v ko di phm vi
bi trn bn ngoi thp.
ng che qut
ng vin trn vi khong trng ti
thiu ca nh cnh qut
ng c
Loi: bao bc ton b
ng c c ngh cho khng kh
m:
- Mc bo v: IP56
- Trc bng thp khng r
- Cp ni vo hp in t bn di
- Hon thin vi sn epoxy.
Cch in ng c: lp 155 theo AS
2768
ng c nng sut cao
Cung cp ng c c hiu sut cao theo
AS/NZS 1359.5
3.6 ACCESS AND CLEANING
PROVISIONS
3.6 IU KIN CHO VIC TIP
CN V DN V SINH
General
Provide smooth inside surfaces.
Access doors and panels
Provide watertight and airtight access
doors or panels in each cell above the
highest water level in the cold water
basin. For multiple cell towers, provide
doors between cells which are openable
from each side.
Ladders
General: Provide fixed access ladders
and platforms to AS 1657 for cooling
plant which has equipment requiring
service and maintenance located
2400mm above floor level.
Equipment requiring service and
maintenance:
- Control equipment.
- Drift eliminators and fill.
- Fans, motors, bearings and belts.
- Internal spray nozzles.
- Hot decks.
- Valves for flow adjustment.
- Ball float valves.
- Basins.
Internal walkways
Crossflow cooling towers: Provide a
non-slip type internal walkway to AS
1657 above the maximum water level in
the cold water basin, extending the full
length of the tower between endwalls.
Provide removable panels over basins.
Tng qut
Cung cp cc b mt bn trong phng
Ca thm v np thm
Cung cp ca thm hoc np thm kn
nc v kn gi cho mi ngn trn mc
nc cao nht trong b cha nc lnh.
i vi thp nhiu ngn, cung cp ca
gia cc ngn c th m t mi bn.

Thang
Tng qut: cung cp thang c nh v
cc bc theo AS 1657 cho thit b lm
lnh c thit b cn bo dng v bo
tr t trn sn cao hn 2400 mm.

Cc thit b cn bo dng v bo tr:
- Thit b iu khin
- Cnh chn nc v tm tn nhit
- Qut, ng c, trc v dy ai
- Cc vi phun bn trong
- Sn nng
- S iu chnh lu lng cho van
- Van bi phao
- B cha nc
Li i bn trong
Thp gii nhit dng chy ngang: cung
cp mt li i khng trt theo AS
1657 trn mc nc cao nht trong b
cha nc lnh, di cho thp, n
tn gia 2 u cui. Cung cp ca thm
tho c trn cc b cha nc.

COOLING TOWERS
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Centrepoint Page 7 of 7 of B.19 18 September 2007
3.7 MARKING 3.7 GHI NHN
Name plates
Provide labels fixed to casings,
containing the following data:
- Make.
- Model.
- Serial number.
- Rated water flow.
- Rated air flow.
- Fan details.
Bng tn
Cung cp nhn gn trn v thp, cha
cc d liu sau:
- Tn nh sn xut
- Loi
- S sri
- Lu lng nc danh nh
- Lu lng khng kh danh nh
- Chi tit qut.
4 INSTALLATION 4 LP T
4.1 MOUNTING BASES AND
FRAMES
4.1 MNG V KHUNG CHN
General
Mount equipment on bases or frames
capable of satisfactorily supporting the
assembly under starting and operating
conditions without incurring undue
distortion, stress or fatigue. Provide
holding down bolts as necessary.
Steel components: Hot dip galvanize
after fabrication.
Vibration isolating mountings
Isolate towers from building structures
by means of vibration isolating
mountings.
Corrosion protection: As specified for
Hardware for non-wetted parts.
Tng qut
t thit b trn mng hoc khung c
kh nng chu c thit bi mt cch
tha ng trong nhng iu kin vn
hnh v hot ng m khng gy ra s
vn vo, ng sut hay lm mi vt liu.
Cung cp bulng pha di khi cn.
Thnh phn thp: m km nhng nng
sau khi ch to.
Chn cch ly rung ng
Cch ly cc thp khi cu trc ta nh
bng bin php dng cc chn cch
ly rung ng.
Bo v chng n mn: theo tiu chun
kim loi cho cc vng khng b m.
5 COMPLETION 5 HON TT
Final tests
General: Prove by test measurements
and calculations that cooling towers
satisfy performance criteria. Carry out
tests during quarterly over defects
liability period.
Thermal performance: Select from the
following:
- Testing to CTI Code ATC105.
- Testing to BS 4485:2.
- Testing to ASME PTC23.

Kim nghim cui cng
Tng qut: chng minh bng cc kim
tra o lng v tnh ton rng thp gii
nhit p ng hiu sut tiu chun.
Thc hin kim tra hng qu trong sut
qu trnh bo hnh.
Hiu sut nhit: chn nh sau
- Kim tra theo CTI Code ATC105
- Kim tra theo BS 4485:2
- Kim tra theo ASME PTC23