International Journal of EmergingTrends & Technology in Computer Science(IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org

Volume 3, Issue 3, May June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856


Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 142


Abstract: Cloud Computing allows the user to access the
cloud services dynamically over the internet wherever and
whenever needed.Cloud is majorly divided into two types,
private cloud and public cloud. This paper discusses about
implementing a private cloud using open source software and
operating system. This private cloud is capable of providing
the infrastructure and platform as a service.Infrastructure
includes the storage, servers, virtualization, compute and
network services and platform as a service includes the
operating system, middleware and runtime environment. The
private cloud implementation is done using OpenStack and
Ubuntu.

1. INTRODUCTION
Cloud Computing allows the users to access a shared pool
of computing resources like networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services that can be rapidly
provisioned.Essential Characteristics of Cloud Computing
are on-demand, broad network access, resource pooling,
measured service and rapid elasticity etc.Cloud
computing has five deployment models as private cloud,
public cloud, hybrid cloud, virtual private cloud and
community cloud. Cloud computing has three service
models, Infrastructureasa Service (IaaS), Platformasa
Service (PaaS) and Softwareasa Service(SaaS).This paper
proposesthe system architecture forbuilding a private
cloud which is capable of providing IaaS and PaaS as a
service over the internet.

The proposed system is developed using OpenStack.
OpenStackis open source software which the project
developers and cloud computing technologist can use to
setup and runthe cloud. Its services can be accessed via
APIs. Theimportant components of OpenStackare Nova,
Swift, Keystone and Glance, Keystone and Horizon.

Section II gives related work and proposed system
architecture is explained in Section III. The
implementation details of the proposed system are
described in Section IV. The experiments and results of
the proposed system are presented in Section V.
Conclusion is given in Section VI.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY
SonaliYadav [1] introduces the cloud computing
technology and its basic concepts. The popularity of the
private cloud and its deployment is explained. The paper
describes various open source softwares to deploy private
clouds such as Eucalyptus, OpenStack and OpenNebula.
A comparative study is made about these three open
sourcesoftwares based on their architectures. Cloud
implementation, programming language, database
compatibility, OS compatibility of these softwares are
mentioned.Muhammad et. al. [2] propose a process
framework for supporting migration to cloud computing
and it is proposed that PaaS clouds would have long term
commitments because of unavailability of alternative
solutions. To meet the quality effectively and efficiently,
cloud should support for defined SLA and this paper
discusses Hackystat systems for migration.

Wei Haoet. al. [3] considered service and migration as a
problem and proposed a frame work which facilitates
service migration. They also designed a cost model and
the decision algorithm to determine the trade-offs on
service migration and selection. The paper also focuses on
the placement of migrated services by considering the
migration, maintenance and communication costs.Scott
et. al. [4] propose SMART decision frame work for
migrating software testing frame work to the cloud and it
is based on the SOA migration, Adoption and Reuse
technique (SMART). This SMART helps organization to
identify their current testing process and also describe the
requirements of the target cloud computing environment
for performing software testing.

Bram et. al. [5] presents a test method to determine the
viability and value of deployment in the cloud. The
essential characters of the cloud discussed are on-demand,
self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid
elasticity and measured service. The paper also proposes a
migration model called Adopted cloud migration
toolkit.Sameret. al. [6] discussed a distributed high
throughput data de-duplication algorithm. A migration
system called VMFlockMS is designed and implemented
for flocks of virtual machines and this VMFlockMS uses
data de-duplication algorithm to reduce the volume of
data transferred over the network.

Rashmiet. al. [7] discuss about Cloud offers like dynamic
scaling, high availability, multi-tenancy and effective
resource allocation and the challenges for migration
include business factors, technical factors and ease of
implementation. A Five Phased Waterfall Model is
proposed which is based on the iterative waterfall model
from software development life cycle. Timothy et. al. [8]
discuss about the CloudNet, which is a prototype of cloud
computing and it provides connectivity between the
enterprise and also data center sites. CloudNetsupports
the live WAN migration of virtual machines and WAN
migration which handles the storage with connections
and memory state with minimal downtime even in the
low bandwidth and high latency settings. CloudNet is
optimized to minimize the amount of data transferred and
Building Private Cloud using OpenStack

Girish L S
1
, Dr. H S Guruprasad
2

1
PG Scholar, Dept. of ISE, BMSCE, Bangalore
2
Professor and Head, Dept. of CSE, BMSCE, Bangalore

International Journal of EmergingTrends & Technology in Computer Science(IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org
Volume 3, Issue 3, May June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856


Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 143


lowers both the migration time and application
experienced downtime. CloudNet supports both
synchronous and asynchronous disk replication.

3. PROPOSED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The proposed system aims to build private cloud using
open source software OpenStack. The system architecture
of OpenStackis as depicted in Fig.1. The proposed system
consists of various modules such as Horizon, Nova, Swift,
Glance, and Keystone


Fig.ure 1: OpenStack System Architecture

Nova: Nova is the Computing Fabric controller for the
OpenStack Cloud. The necessary activities for the life
cycle of instances within the OpenStack cloud are
handled by Nova. This characteristic makes Nova a
Management Platform to manage various compute
resources, networking, authorization, and scalability
needs of the OpenStack cloud.
Glance: Glance is a standalone service which provides
a catalog service for storing and querying virtual disk
images. Nova and Glance together provides an end-to-
end solution for cloud disk image management.
Swift: Swift can store billions of virtual object
distributed across the nodes. The swift offers built-in
redundancy, failover management, archiving and media
streaming. Swift plays an important role in scalability.
Keystone: Keystone provides identity and access policy
services for all components in the OpenStack family.
All components of OpenStack including Swift, Glance,
and Nova are authenticated and authorized by
Keystone.
Horizon: Horizon can be used to manage instances and
images, create keypairs, attach volumes to instances,
manipulate Swift containers etc.

4. IMPLEMENTATION
The proposed system is implemented using open source
software called Openstack and Ubuntu operating system.
The three nodes such as Compute, Controller and Storage
are installed with Ubuntu server operating system because
all these nodes have to behave like servers as shown in
Fig. 2. Compute node is installed with the Nova packages
and services. Controller node is installed with the Glance,
Keystone and Horizon packages and services.Storage
node is installed with the Swift or cinder packages and
the services. All three nodes are connected internally to
OpenStack Dashboard with internal network. The
Application which is ready to use the cloud service is
connected through external network to controller node of
the private cloud.


Figure. 2: Open Stack Implementation Architecture

4.1 Module 1: Compute Node
Theinstallation of nova packages is carried out by
downloading the nova packages by the following
command:
sudo apt-get install nova-api nova-cert nova-compute
nova-compute-kvm nova-doc nova-network nova-
objectstore nova-scheduler nova-volume rabbitmq-
server novnc nova-consoleauth
These install lines added most of the packages that
expected (nova-api, nova-compute, nova-network etc.) to
work nova on the open stack.

4.2 Module 2: Control Node
Theinstallation of glance packages is carried out by
downloading the glance packages by the following
command
sudo apt-get install glance glance-api glance-client
glance-common glance-registry python- glance
These install lines added most of the packages that
expected (glance-api, nova-registry etc.) to work on
theopen stack.
Theinstallation of keystone packages is carried out by
downloading the keystone packages by the following
command.
sudo apt-get install keystone python-keystone python-
keystoneclient
These install lines added most of the packages that
expected (python-keystone, python-keystone etc.) to work
keystone on the open stack.
Theinstallation of horizon packages is carried out by
downloading the horizon packages by the following
command.
sudo apt-get install openstack-dashboard
These install lines added most of the packages that
expected to work dashboard on the OpenStack.

4.3 Module 3: Storage Node
International Journal of EmergingTrends & Technology in Computer Science(IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org
Volume 3, Issue 3, May June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856


Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 144


Theinstallation of swift packages is carried out by
downloading the swift packages by the following
command
sudo apt-get install swift swift-proxy swift-account
swift-container swift-object
These install lines added most of the packages that
expected (swift-proxy, swift-account, swift-container etc.)
to work swift on the OpenStack.

5. EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS
At the end of implementation, the private cloud should be
able to launch images, instances, and projects, flavors of
images and services with the help of OpenStack dash
board.
5.1 OpenStack Dashboard (Horizon)
Using the OpenStack Dashboard, one can manage various
OpenStack services. It may be used to manage instances
and images, create keypairs, attach volumes to instances,
manipulate Swift containers etc. The OpenStack
Dashboard is accessible via http ://<ip_address>. Fig. 3
shows the dashboard of the OpenStack.

Figure.3: Login page to the dashboard

Flavors
OpenStack flavours page lists the currently available
flavors that can be used to launch an instance. One can
create custom flavors on OpenStack flavours page. Fig. 4
shows the flavours of the image


Figure. 4: OpenStack flavors
Projects
OpenStack projects examples page lists the available
projects (tenants) that have been created. One can create
new projects; assign users to the projects etc. Fig. 5 shows
the projects of the OpenStack.


Figure. 5: OpenStack projects examples

Instances and Volume
Fig. 6 shows the OpenStack dash board instances and
volume page listing all the instances belonging to various
users of the project, instance properties etc. One cancreate
new volumes and attach to the instances on the page.


Figure. 6:Instances and Volumes

6. CONCLUSION
In this paper, a new and powerful infrastructure for
building private cloud is introduced which is capable of
serving the user request for Infrastructure and Platform
services. Services include launching different flavours of
images, instances and services etc.
The future work can be the implementation of Software as
a Service with the help of OpenStack and Ubuntu.

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International Journal of EmergingTrends & Technology in Computer Science(IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org
Volume 3, Issue 3, May June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856


Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 145


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AUTHOR
Mr. Girish L S is a PG Scholar in Computer
Networks and Engineering at B.M.S College
of Engineering, Bangalore. My research areas
are Cloud Computing and Computer
Networks, Cloud Infrastructure Management.

Dr. H S Guruprasad is working as Professor
and Head, Information Science Department at
BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore. He
has twenty four years of teaching experience.
He has been awarded with Rashtriya Gaurav award in
2012. His research areas are Network Communications,
algorithms, Cloud Computing and Sensor Networks.