1

ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
{KImhv
lZvdv ankm Kpemw AlvaZv (A)
hmKvZ alvZn akolv
hnh\w
aplZv Da Fv.F
Ckv emw C\m j W ]n tI jkv tIcf
Iq 670001
2 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Ludhiana Prabhashanam
Hadrath Mirza Gulam Ahmad (A)
Malayalam Translation
Lecture Ludhiana
Translated by
Moulana Muhammed Umar H.A
DTP & Layout:
Mohiyudhin
M Nasir Ahmad
Cover
Ashraf Calicut
First Edition 2012
Copies 1000
Price 30/
Printed at
Published by
Islam Internation Publications, Kerala
Fort Road, Kannur- 670001
3
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
AhXmcnI
Ckv em w \ma am {X ambn Ah ti jn p Ibpw hni zmkw ImnI
\ {X tmfw Dbpt]m Ip Ibpw sNp Imev temIv
{]Xy s Spsav lZv dv apl Zv apkv X^m (k) {]h N \w
sNbv X hmKv Z alv Zn ako lv lZv dv ankm Kpemw Alv aZv (A)
C y bnse ep[n bm\ F ev shv 1905 \hw _ 4\v sNbv X
{]`m j W amWv eIv N ep[n bm\ F Ddp Zp hn ep IrXn. AXns
ae bmf hnh\ amWv ep[n bm\ {]`m jWw F Cu {Kw.
ep[n bm\ F ] W n \nm bn cpp BZ y ambn lZv dv
aokm Kpemw Alv aZv (A) s\ Xn cn Ip^v dv ^Xv h ]pd s Sp hn n
cp Xv . B alm mhv {]Xn \n [m\w sNp bYmY Ckv em anI
{]m \s `qap J v \nv XpS p \o m As ]Wv Vn X
hw Bhpw hn[w ]cn {i an s nepw Ah AXn ]cm Pb s Sp I
bp msbpw `uXn I amb Hcp klm bhpw CmsX i amb
FXnp I \m\m `mK p \npw Dm bnpw Am lp hns klm
b m Alv a Znm Pam Av temIv hnP bn p apt dnsm
n cn p Ibm sWpw Atlw Cu {]`m j W n eqsS m]n pI
bp m bn. Cs\ bp hnP b s p dnv Amlp Adn bn n cp
p shpw AXv t\cs {]knw sNbv X Xm sWpw AXv Xs
kX y n \p DP ze kmy am sWpw B alm mhv CXn sXfn
bn p p.
Cu {Kw ae bm f n tev hnh\w sNbv XXv auem\ apl
Zv Da kmln_v Fv .F AhIfm Wv . {K Im c\pw _lp`mjm
]Wv Vn X \p amb auem\m kmln_v Ctm JmZn bm\n \mC_v
\mkn AAv ebmbn tkh \ a \p jv Sn p h cn I bm Wv .
Cu {Kw kXym t\ z jn Iv hgn Im n bm Is Fv {]mn
p sImv hmb \ mp ap n kan p p.
bp. akq AlvaZv
kZv, Ckvemw C\mjW ]ntjkv,
tIcf
01 08 2012
I q
4 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
5
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
hnhIpdnv
Ckvemans almysbpw CXc aXfpsS ta AXn
\p t{ijvTXsbbpw AtXmsSmw Xs kXykmyn\p
sXfn hp I tfbpw A[n I cnv lZv dv hmKv Z akolv (A)
emtlm, knbmtmv, ep[nbm\ Fo ]Wfn hn
P\kaqlsf A`nkwt_m[\sNbvXp, ssZhcmPyw kamKX
am sbv DZv tLm jn p sImv tbip Xs A\p bm bn I tfmSv
Keoen XSm I n cn sI bp sNdp Ip n \S n b
[tmt_m[\]camb Kncn{]`mjWw t]mse Xs kXykm
ys hniZoIcnpw Bobhpw kzobhpamb PohnXw \bn
m hnizmknIsf Blzm\w sNbvXpwsImpw kapzeamb
{]`mjW \SpIbpmbn.
hmKvZ akolns\Xncmbn BZyambn Ip^vdv ^Xvh ]pd
sSphnXv ep[nbm\bn shmbncpp. Ncn{X{]knamb ep[n
bm\m {]`mjWn\v 14 hjv apv 1890 lZv dv
AlvaZv (A) {]kvXpX ]Wn BKX\mbn. XYmKXs\ A\p
[mh\w sNbvXXv AwKpeo ]cnanXamb injyhrambncpp. XZ
hkcn Deammcpw \mp{]mamWnamcpw tNv ep[nbm\m
]Ws lZvdv AlvaZv(A)s\Xnsc Hcp sRcntmSmn amn.
Ip^vdv ^XvhIfpsS hnfw_capmbn. ssZh\nbp\mb B
bpK]pcpjs\Xnsc Ah hjnm A`niwkIfn. Ah
Dbnm Btcm]Wfn. B Znhymmhns\Xncn KqVm
temN\Ifpw t{Zml{]h\fpw Actdn. FXnns An
smSpmn lZvdv AlvaZv(A) \nlmb\pw \ncmew_\p
amsWv i{X IcpXn. ]s hnPb hmKvZm\fpsS ssZhoI
kmz \ D] Zin B bpK ]p cp js apJ I a e fn
Bbncw kqcym t{]mzenp \np. ssZhw sImfpnb B
Znhy tPymXnsb AW p hm i{Xp fp bnb sImSp m p
Imbn. N{Ihmfs {]Imtimzeamnb B ZnhyZo]vXn
6 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
bpsS h{PIncW AImcsf Iodn apdnv a\pjylrZb
sf ssZthmpJampIbpmbn. B Znhym\nbpsS hN
\{]tLmjWm i{XptemIw hndsImp. ]cnip Zo\p
Ckv em ans\ hnP bn n m lZv dv Alv aZv (A) m]n
AlvaZnm {]m\w BImihnXm\fntev IpXn sImp
IbmWv. B almmhns A\pbmbnI aWXcnI t]mse
s]cpIncp. Cv 200 cmjv{Sfn AXv hnPb ]XmI \mn
bncnpIbmWv.
ssZhm Abs B almmhns ZnhyZuXy
n\p apn ]nimNns inI krjvSnp amXS
ssZhw \onIfp. Xs hcnjvS Zmkmv hnPbacp
fpXpw ImemImefmbn {]hmNI Ncn{Xfn Bhn
sSpXpamb Cu ssZhoI \nbXn lZvdv AlvaZv (A)s
kw` h _ lp e amb ]pWy Po hn X nepS \ofw Hcp Znhy ap{Z
IWs sXfnp ImWmw.
ep[nbm\bnse Cu {]`mjWns A`nkwt_m[I
apkv eow I fm bn cp p. AXp sImv Atlw Ckv em ans
ASnm\hnizmkmZifnep Xsbpw Xs PamAn
sbpw ASnbpd hnizmkw {]ISnnpIbpmbn. AtXmsSmw
Cukm\_nbpsS acWw PnlmZns bmYmyw Fo hnjb
hnipJpB, kpv, CPvamAv (GIIWvTy\bp
A`n{]mbw), Jnbmkv (A\pam\w), apXemb CkvemanI {]amW
fneqsS Cu {]`mjWn m]npIbpw sNbvXncnpp.
ssZht{]jnX\mb Cu Znhymmhns kapzeamb
hmKvabw kzobamb Hc\p`qXnbpw kmmZmbIhpamWv. Cu
]pkvXIw kXyw kzoIcnpXn\p \nZm\ambnocs F
{]m\tbmSpIqSn s]mXpP\kaw kanpp.
aplZv Da. Fv. F
7
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw


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ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
lpkq (A) 1905 \hw_ 4mw XnbXn BbncW
n\p P\fpsS apn sNbvX {]`mjWw.
Cu ]Wn kti{]NcWnmbn hcm\p Ah
kcw X\p{Kln Amlphn\v Rm BZyambn IrXX
tcJsSppp. ]Xn\mep hjv tijamWv Rm\o ]
Wn hnpXv. FtmsSmw Aev]w Nne BfpI Dm
bn cp tm gm bn cpp Cu ] W n \npw Rm Xncn p
t]mbXv. am{Xa, Fs \ntj[npIbpw hyPsSppIbpw
Zm Fv hnfnpIbpw sNp koamb Hcp Aco
ambncpp Av. P\fpsS ZrjvSnbn \nnX\pw A]am
\nX\pamb hynsbtmse Bbncpp Ap Rm. Aev]w
ZnhkIw Xs Cu PamAv XnckvcnsSpIbpw
On`nambntmIpIbpw sNpsapw Cu {]m\w \mamh
tijambn XocpIbpw sNpsav Av P\ IcpXnbncpp.
CXn\pthn `KocY {]h\ \SsSpIbpw ]Xn
I Bkq{XWw sNsSpIbpapmbn. F\nsXncn sNbvX
asmcp KqVm tem N\ F\npw Fs Pam A n \p sa Xn cn
Ip^v ^vh FgpXsSpIbpw AXv Cybn DS\ofw {]N
cnsSpIbpw sNbvXp FXmWv.
hfsc ZpxJ I c sap ]d bs! F\n s Xn cn BZy ambn
Ip^v ^Xvh \InbXv Cu ]Wnep Nne auehnamcm
8 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Wv. Fm Fs Im^n Fv ]dncph Cv CmXm
bncnpp FXn\v Rm\pw \nfpw kmnIfmWv. am{Xa
Amlp F\nv ZoLmbpv \IpIbpw Fs PamAns\
A`nhrnsSppIbpw sNbvXncnpp. F\nsXnsc hopw
]pdsSphns Ip^v ^Xvh Cybnse Fm henb ]W
fnepw {]Ncnnsp FmWv Rm IcpXpXv. AXn
Ccpptdmfw auehnamcpsSbpw aimbnJpamcpsSbpw kmnap
{Z I ]Xn n s n cp p. Cu hyn Cuam \n m h\pw
Im^ndpw Zmepw IpsIpImc\pw tIhew Im^nd, adnv
sImSpw Im^n BsWpw AXn {]ISnnpIbpmbn.
Npcpn Hmtcmcppw Fssmw ]dbm
km[nptam AsXmw Ah Fspdnv ]dp. Cu Bbp[w
aptJ\ Cu {]m \s \in np If bp sav Cq
hymtamlnp. bmYmYn Cu {]m\w a\pjy\nnXhpw
sInaXpambncppshn Xobmbpw CXns\ \innm
^Xzv h F Cu Bbp[w ]cym]v Xamb Xm bn cp p. Fm
CXns\ m]nXv Amlp BIpp. Atm CXv FXncmfn
IfpsS FXnpw i{XpXbpw sImv Fns\ \inphm\mWv?
FXnns inIqSpX\pkcnv Cu {]m\ns al
Xzhpw Apw P\lrZbfn thcqnsmncnpp.
Cv Rm Amlphn\v IrXX {]ISnnpp. Av
Rm\o ]Wn hv Xncnpt]mbtm GXm\pw Nne
am{Xta FtmsSmapmbncppp. Fmentm Hcp henb
P\ k aqlw Xs Ftm sSap Xmbn \n ImWp p.
Ctm Fs PamAnephcpsS Fw aqp ew hsc
Fnbncnpp. Zn\w{]Xn AXv ]ptcmKXn {]m]npsImncn
pIbpamWv. Xobmbpw AXv tImSnIWn FntNcp
XmWv.
Cu almb hnhw \n ImWphn! CXv a\pjyI
cfm km[np ImcyamtWm? Cu {]m\s Dqe\w
sNpXn\p temIp P\ B{Klnp. AhcpsS Ign
hnepw \nb{Wnepw s] Xm bn cppshn Ftmtgm
9
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
CXns\ Ah \innncpts\. Fm CXv Amlphns
{]hnbmWv . Ah Dt in p Imcy sf XSp p
\nphm temIp Hcp inpw km[ya. P\
Hcp Imcyw B{KlnpIbpw Fm Amlp AXv B{Kln
mXncnpIbpw sNppshn AsXmcnepw \SpX.
\n Nnnpt\mq! Fs Imcyn Fm Deamfpw
]odpamcpw aX t\Xmmcpw FXncmfnIfmbn Xop. Fs
FXnpXnmbn Ch A\yaXscbpw XtfmsSw
tNpIbpmbn. F\nsXncmbn Ignbp{X ]cn{ianp
Ibpw sNbvXp. apkvenwIsf sXn[cnnm\mbn F\nsXncn
Ip^v ^Xzv hbpw \In. Cu D]mbsfmpw hnPbnmsX
htm F\nsXncn ]e tIpIfpw sImSpp. h[pw
Npan Fs IpSpphm {ianp. F\nv in e`nphm
Fmhn[nepw ]cn{ianp. Hcp ]mXncnsb h[nphm\p {iaw
\Sn Fv Fs t]cn Ipw Btcm]nsp. Cu tIn
auehn aplZv lpssk\pw F\nsXncmbn hfscb[nIw {]b
Xv\np. Abm kmn \IpXnmbn kzbw lmPcmbn.
Rm tIn IpSpn F\nv in e`npsav Abm B{K
lnncpp. auehn aplZv lpssks Ccw {]bXv\
shfnsSppXv sXfnhpIfpw ZrjvSmfpw kanpXn
Abm ]cm P b sp Fm Wv . AS bm f fpw sXfn hp I fpw
kanpXn i{Xp ]cmPnXcmIptm h[nphm\pw
\mn \npw \njvImk\w sNphm\pap hnhn[Xcw KqVm
temN\I Ah \Spp FXv apt \Sphcp Hcp
]camamWv. F{]Imcsam lZvdv aplZv apkvX^m
(k) Xncpta\nsXncmbn abnse \ntj[nI ]cmPbsSp
Ibpw Ahv Dcw appIbpw sNbvXtm Ahcpw CtX co
Xnbnep AShpIfpw X{fpamWv {]tbmKnm XpSnbXv.
Xncp\_n(k) sb h[npItbm XShnempItbm \mSpISp
Itbm sNphm\p X{ Ah sa\sSpp. dkq (
k) Xncpta\nbpsS A\pNcmsc ]oUnnp. Fm Ahkm\w
Ah Fmhcpw XfpsS Dtiyfnepw X{fnepw ]cmPn
Xcpw \ncm icpw Bbn op. Ctm AhcpsS AtX kp
10 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
pw coXnbpamWv F\nsXncnepw i{Xp {]ISnnpXv.
Fm krjv Smhp w ktemI ]cn ]m e I \p amb
AnXzansn Cu temIn\v Hcp bmYmYyhpw CXs.
Ah XsbmWv kXyhm\pw AkXyhm\panSbn hyXncnX
Dmn HSphn kXyhms\ klmbnpIbpw hnPbnnv ImWn
pIbpw sNpXv. Cu ImeLn hopw Amlp Xs
in{]IS\ns amXrI ImWnncnpIbmWv. Rm Ahs
klmblkv XfpsS Hcp Poh Zrjv SmamIpp. kaqlw
Xnckvcns Rm XsbmWv kzoImcyX e`nh\mbn
sImv Ctm \nfpsS apn \np Xv . AXn\v
\nsfmw kmnIfmWv.
\n sfmv A\p am \n p t\m p I. ]Xn \mep hj
papv Rm ChnsS htm Hcmsfnepw FtmsSm
w DmIWsav BcmWv B{KlnncpXv? Fm Rm
\insmSpWsapw Cu {]m\w CmXmbnocWsapw
Deamfpw ^pJlmfpw \mp{]amWnamcpw B{Klnncpp.
F\nv ]ptcmKXn DmIWsav Bcpw Xs B{Klnncpn
. Fm Ftmgpw Xs hcnjvS Zmkmsc ]npWpIbpw
Xs kmXznIcmb Zmkmsc hnPbnnp ImWnpIbpw sNbvX
Amlp Fs A\pIqenpIbpw klmbnpIbpw sNbvXp.
Fs FXncmfnIfpsS {]XoIpw ]XnIpw ]msS
hncpambn Ah F\nv kzoImcyX Xv A\p{Klnp. Hcp
P\kaqls Xs Fntev BIrjv Scmn. Ah Fm
hn[nep FXnpIfpsSbpw {]bmkfpsSbpw adIsf Iodn
apdnp Fs ASp hp. Ctmgpw hpsImncnpp.
hfsc Nn\obamb ImcyamWnXv. a\pjy\nanXamb
hyh I fmepw ] Xn I fmepw Cu hnPbw km[y am Iptam?
temIv kzm[o\hpw {]amWnhpap BfpI Hcp hyn
bpsS \minmbn {]bXv\npIbpw B hynsXncmbn ]e
]XnIfpw BhnjvIcnpIbpw AtlnsXncn hn\mi
Icamb An BfnnpIbpw sNbvXnpw Fmhn[nep
B]pIfn \npw Atlw hyamb \nebn cs
11
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
SpIbpw sNpI FXv kw`hyamtWm? Hcnepw kw`hya.
Amlp Fspw ImWn p Ahs Hcp k\m X\
NcybmWnXv.
CXp kw_\v[amb asmcp {]_e ZrjvSmw CXmWv.
Ctv Ccp]v hjv apv Fs t]cpt]mepw Adn
bsSmXncp B Ime,v JmZn bm \n Fs ASp
BcpwXs hcnItbm Rm\pambn Bcpw InS]mSpI \S
p Itbm sNmXncp XnIpw \ncm ew _ hpw Bcmepw
AdnbsSmXncnpIbpw sNbvXncp B \mfpIfn Amlp
Fs A`nkwt_m[\w sNbvXp ]dp:


9
11 11 1139
9
11 11 1939 1 1911 11 11
11131 1911 V 1141 1611 11181311
19511111 194 61 11111 26131
9
11

1611 11181311V 114111131
CXv B \m fp I fn sN s i amb Hcp ZoL
Zi\ambncpp. AXv ASnv {]knsSppIbpw Fm aX
hn`mKfnepw kapZmbfnepws] P\ AXv hmbnpI
bpapmbn.
Rm GImXbnepw Bcmepw AdnbsSmXncp Ah
bnepambncp Imembncpp Amlp FtmSv C{]Imcw
]dXv: \ns ASp Zqsc Zqsc \mSpIfn \nv P\
[mcmfambn hcpXmWv. Ahmbn BXnYyn\p Fm
hn[ hn`hfpw FntNcpXpamWv.
*hfsc ZqcZqc efn\nv P\ hcpXmWv . AhcpsS hchns
B[nIyw ImcWw Ah hcp hgnI Ippw IpgnbpambnocpXm
Wv. klmbhpw ZqcZqc efn \nv hcpXmWv. Amlphns
krjvSnItfmSv A]acymZbmbn s]cpamdcpXv. P\fpsS A[nIap hc
hpImcWw Ahsc shdpcpXv. Fs \mYm! Fs \o X\nmcpsX.
]nKmanIfn Ghpw Da \obmWv.
*
12 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
BbncWnepw eWnepw hcp AXnYnIv
Fmhn[ kuIcyfpw sNbvXv sImSpphmt\m AXn\p sNe
hpI kzbw hlnphmt\m Hcp hynv Hv km[npX
tm? AXp sImv Ah Xs Fs Adn bn p :

9
11 11 1139
9
11 11 1939 1 1911 11 11
11131 1911 V 1141 1611 11181311
19511111 194 61 11111 26131
9
11

1611 11181311V 114111131

9
11 1119391 191111 B AXnYnImhiyamb hn`hfpw IqsS
hcpXmWv. ]ns a\pjy\v [mcmfw BfpIsfmWptm
]cn{`apmhpIbpw ]cpjambn s]cpamdm\nSbmhpIbpw sNp
p. AXpsImv AhtcmSv ]cpjambn s]cpamdpXns\ hntcm
[npIbpmbn. P\fpsS B[nIyw Iv \o Xfv t]mI
cpsXpw Fs AdnbnpIbpmbn.
\n Nnnp t\mpI. Ccp]v apXv hjv
aps Hcp hyn Xm\pambn _s Imcysfpdnv hcm
\n cn p Imcy sf p dnv {]hN\w \SpIbpw ]noSv
AXvt]mse kw`hnpIbpw sNpI FXv a\pjys Ignhn
s] ImcyamtWm?
a\pjys AkvXnXzsbpw PohnXsbpw Ipdnv Hcp
\nan j t\ c tp IqSn Dd p ]dbm km[yasncns,
ASp \n an jw Pohn n cn m\p Ip tam Fp t]mep w
]dbm\mhm nXn bn CXpt]mep {]hN\
\Sphm Fns\bmWv a\pjys inpw A\pam\n\pw
km[npI?
Rm kXyamWv ]dbpXv. Rm XnIpw GImInbm
bncp Hcp Imeambncpp AXv. Av P\fpambn kw
]pepXnepw F\nv hncn Dmbncpp. Fm e
I W n\v Bfp I Fn tev hcp Hcp Imew kamK
XamIm\pmbncpp. AXpsImmWv


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F D]tZins Bhiyw t\cnXv.
B \mfpIfn Amlp C{]Imchpw ]dp.
*
13
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw


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\o klmbnsSp kabw CXm BkamIpp. \o P\
nSbn AdnbsSpXmWv. CXpambn _s [mcmfw
Znhyshfn]mSpI ^mknbnepw, Ad_nbnepw, Cwojnepw e`n
pIbpmbn.
ssZh`bap P\v Nnmlamb ImcyamWnXv.
C{Xbpw Imew apt Hcp {]hN\w \SpIbpw AXv
{Kcq]n {]knZv [oIcnpIbpw sNbv Xncnpp. i{Xp
fpw an{X fpsamw hmbnnp {KamWv _dm los\
AlvaZn. {]kvXpX {Kw Khsan\pw Abp sImSps
npv. AtX {]Imcw lnpfpw ss{IkvXhcpw AXv hmbnp
Ibpw sNbv X XmWv . Cu \K c nep [mcmfw Bfp I fpsS
]epw Cu {Kapv. AXn {]kvXpX {]hN\w tcJsSp
nbnptm Ct Fh t\ms. i{XpXm at\m`mhw shp
sImv Fs Zm Fpw hyPs\pw hnfnpIbpw Fs
Hcp {]hN\hpw ]qnbmbnnsp ]dbpIbpw sNp aue
hnam ens. CXv {]hN\asn {]hN\sav Fns\
pdnmWv ]dbpXv? {]kvXpX {Kspdnv auehn A_q
kCuZv aplZv lpssk _mehn \ncq]Ww FgpXnbnpv.
Fs kl ]m Tn bm bn cp Atlw ]e tmgpw JmZn bm \n
hpsImncpnpapv. Atln\v CXv \mbndnbmw. AtX
t]mse Rm GImInbmbncpp F Imcyw JmZnbm\nepw _m
ebnepw AarXkdnepw AXn\p Npp]mSpap P\p \m
bndnbmw. Acw Hchbn GIm PohnXw \bnncp
F\nv, eWn\v BfpI FtmsSmw DmIp Hcp
Imewhcpw FpIcpXpXv _pn]cambn t\mpIbmsWn
A\pam\mXoXambn tXmpXmWv. Rm kXyamWv ]dbp
Xv; XZhkcn Rm Hpambncpn. GI\pw \ncmew_\p
ambncpp. Amlp kzbw F\nv B Imev Hcp {]m\
14 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
]Tnnp.

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(AXmbXv Fs \mYm, \o Fs X\nsb hnpIfbcptX,
\o A\cmhImisaSpphcn Ghpw Da\mIpp). Cu
{]m\ ]Tnnp XXv Ah {]mnphsc {]nbsSp
Xv sImmWv. ImcWw ZpB Xs Hcmcm[\bmIpp. Ah
Acp sNpp.

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\n FtmSv
{]mnpI. Rm kzoIcnpXmWv. (40:61) ssZhmcm[\bpsS
Igv {]m\bmsWv lZvdv dkq Icow (k) Acp sNp
p.
CXnep asmcp kqN\ \o GImInbmsWpw Fm
Hcp Imewhcpw Atm \o GIm In bm bn cn p I bn spw
{]m \ aqew Fs ]Tn n m B{K ln pp Fm Wv .
Cs Znhkw {]Imi kqambncnpXv t]mse Cu
{]hN\hpw {]Imi]qcnXamsWv Rm DsskvXcw DZvtLm
jnpIbmWv. Rm B Imev X\nmbncpp FImcyw
bmYmXyamWv. Av \ntmsSmw Hcp PamApmbncpp
Fv \nfn Bv Fgptv \nv ]dbm km[npw?
Fm Ctm t\mpI, Amlp Hcp ImeLnp apv
sNbv X hmKv Zm \ f \p k cnv {]kv XpX {]hN\fpsS
ASnm\n hensbmcp kwLs FtmsSmamnXp.
Cu Ah bnepw cq] nepw C{X a l mb Hcp {]h N\w
]qnbmbXns\ BmWv hymPsSpm km[npI. P\
fpsS `ojWamb FXnpIfpmIpXmsWpw Cu Pam
Ans\ XSsSpphm khn[ {]bXv\fpw sNp
XmsWpw Fm Xm Ahscsbmw ]cmPbsSppXm
sWpap ssZhnI {]hN\hpw CtX {Kn Xsbpv.
IqSmsX _dmlos\ AlvaZnmbn Xs Damcn \npw
A[amsc (injvScn \npw ZpjvSsc) thXncnpIfbpXv
15
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
hsc Rm \ns Dt] np If bp Xs asmcp
{]hN\hpw IqSn tcJsSpnbnpv.
{]kv XpX kw` h sf ap\n dp n sImv lrZ b fn
ssZh`bw Cmhscbpw Xv acWan Fp IcpXp
hscbpw Amlphns hN\n XncnadnsNphscbpw A
Rm kwt_m[\ sNpXv. adnv Amlphns\ `bsSpIbpw
acWspdnv ZrVambn hnizknpIbpw X acWns
IhmSntev ASppsImncnpIbmsWv IcpXpIbpw
sNphscbmWv A`nkwt_m[\ sNpXv. ImcWw Am
lphns\ `bsSph A{]Imcap [nmcw ImWnpn.
Ah Nnpt\ms, Ccp]nbv hjv apv
C{]Imcap {]hN\w \IpI FXv a\pjy inbpsSbpw
A\p am \ nsbpw ^e am bp m b XmtWm? AXpw, Bcpw
Atls Adn bm Ah bn. AtXm sSmw P\
FXnpXmsWpw Fm Ahscms ]cmPnXcmbnocp
XmsWpw {]hNnpI FXpw a\pjys ]cn[nbn s]
XmtWm? FXncmfnIIpmIp ]cmPbsnbpw F\np
mIp Dtiykm^eysnbpw apdnbnv \IpI FXv
Hcp almpX ImcyamWv. CXn hnizknp Imcyn h
kwibhpw Dsn CXpt]mep DZmlcWw ImWnpXcs.
lZvdv BZans Imew sXmnthsc GsXnepsamcp
hymP hmZn Ccp ] v hj p apv Btcmcpanm
Ahbn Cu coXnbnep Hcp {]hN\w sNpIbpw ]noSv
AXv ]qnbmhpIbpw sNbvX HcpZmlcWw FSpv ImWn
p hm Bs nepw km[n ptam Fv Rm Blzm\w
sNpIbmWvv. Bsnepw HcpZmlcWw FSpv ImWnp
hm km[n p I bm sW n Cu {]m \hpw Imcym e bhpw
Fmw Xs hymP am b Xm bn Xo cp Xm sWv Xo bmbpw
HmpsImpI. Fm Amlphns \S]SnIsf BmWv
]cmPbsSpphm km[npI. hrYm hymPsSppIbpw
AIm c W ambn \ntj [n p Ibpw ]cn l kn p Ibpw sNpI
FXv \ {]IrXaphcpsS ]Wnb. kmXznIcmbh Hcn
16 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
epw AXn\p ss[cyw ImWnpIbn. \nfn iplrZ
b ap h Bsc n epw D s n CXv Fs kXyXp
ASbmfambn Rm AhcpsS apmsI kanpIbmWv.
\hw HmpsImpI! CXpt]mep Hcp DZml
cWw FSpp ImWnmnStmfw Cu {]hN\w \ntj[n
sSmhX. Rm hopw ]dbpp: Cu {]hN\w auehn
A_qkCuZv dnhyq FgpXnb _dmlos\ AlvaZnbnepv. CtX
]Wn auehn aplZv lpssk, apin aplZv Da Fn
hcpsS ]epapmIpw. CXns {]Xn a, aZo\,_pJmd hsc
Fnbnpv. Khsans ASpepw CXns {]Xn Ab
snpv. lnpfpw, apkvenwfpw, ss{IkvXhcpw, {_k
amPmcpw CXp hmbnnpv. CXp AdnbsSm Hcp {Ka
. {]XypX hfscb[nIw {]ikvXnbmn Hcp {KamWv. aX
]camb A`ncpNnbp A`ykvX hnZycmb BfpI CXns\p
dnv AdnbmsX ImWn.
{]kvXpX {Kn P\ \ntmsSmw Dmbncn
pXmsWpw \n\v temIv {]ikvXn \IpXmsWpw
\ns FXncmfnIsf ]cmPbsSppXmsWpw FgpXsn
pv. CXv Hcp IpsIpImcs ]WnbmsWv ]dbm km[n
ptam? CXp Hcp IpsIpImcs ]Wnbmbncnmw FXmWv
\nfpsS Xocpam\san CXpt]mep HcpZmlcWw Bs
nepw FSpv ImWnphm km[nptam? Ans\ FSpv
ImWnphm km[npsan Rm Hcp hymP\msWv k
XnpXmWv. Fm BpwXs HcpZmlcWw FSpv
ImWnphm km[ya. Ans\ \nv DZmlcWw ImWn
phm km[npnsn Xobmbpw \nv AXp km[y
hpa \n Amlphns\ `bsSpIbpw hymPsSpp
Xn \npw hncanpIbpw sNpI Fv hopw \ntfmSv ]d
bpIbmWv.
HmpsImpI! ssZhoI ZrjvSmsf Hcm[mchpw
CmsX dpsNpI FXv bpnkla. AXns ]cyhkm\w
A\p { K lo X ambn ocp n . Rm Bcp sSbp w
17
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
hymPsSpens\bpw \ntj[sbpw hne Inp Itbm
F\n s Xn cmbn sN s Sp B{I a W sf `b s Sp Itbm
sNpn. ImcWw XIvZo_pw (hyPsSpepw) XIv^odpw (\n
tj[nepw) DmIpsapw Cu P\ `bcamb FXnp
I sNpsapw Fm Bpw Xs Fs Hpw sNmm
Inspw Amlp Xs Fs apIqn Adnbnncpp. F\nv
apv AhXocmb {]hmNImcpw ssZh\nbpcpw \ntj[n
sncpns? lZvdv aqkm \_nsXncmbn ^nHu\pw ^n
Hu s Bfp Ifpw, lZv dv akolv (A) sXncmbn PqX
]cniIfpw lZvdv \_nIcow (k)sXncmbn abnse _lp
ssZhmcm[Icpw Fssmw A{IaWfmWv Agnp hnXv.
Fm Cu A{IaWfpsSsbmw ]cyhkm\w Fpmbn.
B FXncmfnI {]kvXpX ZrjvSmsXncmbn Ftmsg
nepw h DZmlcWw kanncppthm? Hcnepan. DZml
cWw FSpv ImpXn Ftmgpw Ah ]cmPbspsImn
cpp. Fm AhcpsS \mhpI Nenp sImncnpIbpw
Isav ]dpsImncnpIbpw sNbv Xp. AtXt]mse
ChnsSbpw Ah ]cmPbsSpIbpw Hpw kanm\mhmsX
hcnIbpw sNbv Xtm Zm sepw Im s_pw ]d p.
Fm Amlphns Cu {]Imis XfpsS hmbbpsS
DuvsImv AWphm Chv km[nptam? Hcnepw
Chv AWphm km[npX.

7
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(Amlp Xs {]Imis ]qnbmpI Xs sNpXm
W;v \ntj[nI shdpmepw icn.)
asmcpImcyw, Zp`mh\bpsS Awiw AIfneph
]dbpXv ApXfpw ZrjvSmfpw kzbwIrXamsWmWv.
Fm {]hN\sf kw_nnStmfw Ahv Hcp HgnI
gnhpw ]dbm\mIpX. ImcWw \p_pns ASbmffn
AXnalmb ZrjvSmhpw apAvPnkpamb {]hN\fpsS
apAv PnkmWv KWnsSpXv . Cu Imcyw Xudm n
\npw hnipJpB\n \npw m]nXamWv. {]hN\v
k am\amb asmcp apAv Pnkpw C. AXn\m ssZh
18 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
\n bpcmb almmsf AhcpsS { ]hN\fn eqsS
XncndntbXmWv. FpsImsm Amlp XsbmWv
Cu am\Zw shncnpXv.

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AXm bXv Amlpem Xs tKm]y amb Adnhv Ah
Xr]vXnsSp ZqXmsX ampw shfnsSpnsImSppX.
asmcp Imcyw IqSn Hmbnencns, Nne {]hN\
kqaamb clky DsImphbmWv. ZoLZrjvSnbnm
hv AXn kq v a amb Imcy { Kln m
km[n pX. Ahv {]ISamb Imcyfmbn cn pw
a\nemm km[npI. Cs\bp {]hN\sfbmWv
s]mXphn hyPsSpsSpXv. Aacmbh Ah ]pen
nsp ]d bp Ibpw sNp p. CXn s\ p dn mWv Amlp

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(12:111) Fv Acp sNbv XncnpXv .
(XmtfmSv) AkXyw ]dbsp Fh Zp[mcW sImp
p. Cu {]hN\fn P\ ]pIad krjvSnpp. Fm
hmkvXhn Acw {]hN\ Amlphns k\mX\
coXnb\pkcnv ]pecppshnepw AXhv {Klnphm km[n
pn. Cs\bp {]hN\ a\nembnnsnt]mepw
kXyhnizmknbpw ssZh`\pamb Hcp a\pjys ISa AXn
kqv afm km[mcW {]hN\fntev ZrjvSn]mbn
pI FXmWv. F{XIv {]hN\ ]qnbmbncnpp
Fv t\mtXmWv. shdpw A[chybmaw sImv \ntj[n
pI FXv ssZh`nsXncmb ImcyamWv. ]qnbmb {]h
N\sf hnizkvXtbmSpw ssZh`ntbmSpw IqSn hont
Xm Wv . Fm [rXn Im Wn p h cpsS hmbS phm
BmWv km[npI.
Ccw {]Xn k n Isf F\n p am {X a, lZv dv
19
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
aqkm\_n(A)pw lZvdv Cukm\_n(A)pw lZvdv apl
Zv \_n(k)pw A`napJoIcntn hnpv. CXpt]mep
Ah F\npw t\cntSn hnpsn AXn ApX
sSm\n. {]XypX A{]Imcw htcXv A\nhmcyamWv. ImcWw
CXpXsbmWv ssZhoI Nw. Hcp hnizmknsb kw_nS
tmfw Hcp ZrjvSmw Xs aXnbmIpXmWv Fpw CXp
sImpXs AbmfpsS lrZbw hndsImpXmsWpw Rm
]d bp p. Fm Chn sS bm sW n H, \qdp I W n
ZrjvSm ImWsSpp. Fpam{Xa Ah Fnns
Spphm km[nm{X A[nIamsWp Rm hmZnpI
bmWv. lrZbsf IogSpIbpw CXns\ Ifhmnphsc
A\pIqenIfmpIbpw sNpXn\v Cu kXykmyw Xs
aXnbmIpXmWv. Amlp XBesb `bsSpIbpw lrZbn
hnizkvXXbpw ZoLhoWhpw DmhpIbpw sNbvXpsImv
hnNn\w sNpIbmsWn Ch Amlphn \npXm
sWv s]sp Xs hnizknphm km[npXmWv.
FXncmfnI GXphsc Cu {]hN\sf dpsNpIbpw CXp
t]mep DZmlcW ImWnp XcnIbpw sNpntbm AXp
hsc Amlphns \ymb]qoIcWw D]cnbmbn \np
XmWv.
Npcp n Fs \ntbm Kn b Am lp hn t\mSp
Rm AXoh IrX X bp h \mWv . CtX ] W n
\npXs F\n s Xn cmbn XpSw Ipdn D]{Zhfpw
sImSppIfpw ]noSv Ulnhsc FpIbpmbn. Fm
Ah FXnpIfpsS Fm sImSpmpIfn \npw ]co
Wfn \npw Fs kpcnX\mbpw hnPb{ioemfnX\mbpw
Ic I b n. aqp e ncw kv Xo]p cp j m F\nv
ss_Av sNbvX Ahbn Ctm Ah Fs Cu ]
Wn sImphncnpIbmWv. cmbnctam, \membnctam
Nne kabv Ambnctam hynI Cu PamAn {]th
inm Hcpamkhpw Dmbnn. kapZmbw HSw Fs
i{Xp hmbno ka bpw Amlp F\nv kwcWw
20 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
\In. Hcm fpsS kzw kap Zmbw Xs Abm fpsS i{Xp
hmbnocpIbmsWn Abm Atbs \nlmb\pw
\ncmew_\pw Bbnocpp. ImcWw Xs kapZmbamWv Hcm
fpsS Ahbhfmbn \nesImpXv. AhcmWv Abmsf klm
bntXv. XfpsS aXs FXnpXpsImv CXckap
Zmb i{XpfmhpI FXv klPamWv. Fm kzw
kapZmbw Xs i{Xpfmbnocp Ahbn csSp
Ibpw hnPbnpIbpw sNpI FXv km[mcWImcya. {]XypX
Hcp kv]jvSamb ZrjvSmamWv.
hfsc ZpxJhpw thZ\bpw \nd lrZbtmsS ]dbs,
Fs kapZmbw FtmSp FXnn [rXnImWnp Fp
am{X a , hfsc \n b ambnmWv s]cp am dn sIm n cn p Xv .
FtmSp FXnn\p henb {]iv\ambnpXv, Cukm\_n
(A) bpsS ac W am bn cp p. Fm Rm hnip JpB,
lZvdv dkq Icow (k) Xncpta\nbpsS kpv, klm_m
fpsS CPvamAv (GIIWvTamb Xocpam\w) _pn]chpw {]amW
]chpw Bb sXfnhpI, ]qhoI{K FnhbpsS ASn
m \ n Cmcyw (Cu km \ _n bpsS ac Ww) m]np
sImncpp. Ctmgpw m]npsImncnpp. l\^o aZvl
_n\\pkrXamb {]amWw(\v), lZokv, A\pam\w, idlnbmb
sXfnhpI Fnh FtmsSmambncpp. Fm Cu P\
FtmSv tNmZnpIbpw Fs sXfnhpI tIpIbpw
sNmsX Cu {]iv \sp dnp FXnn F{X am{Xw
AXncp ISpshm, Fspdnv Im^ndmsWv hn[np
Ibpw XfpsS CjvSa\pkcnv F\nsXncmbn hymPmtcm]W
D bn p sIm n cn p Ibpw sNbv Xp. hniz kv X X bpw
Bmbpw ssZh`nbpw BhiysSpXv BZyambns
tmSv tNmZnp bmYmyw {KlnpI FXmbncpp. Rm
Amlp ]dXn\npw dkp Xncpta\n(k) ]dXn\npw
hyXnNennpsv m]nXambnpmbncpsn Fs Zm
setm Is\tm FpthWsanepw Ahv hnfnphm\p
A[nImchpw AhImihpw Dmbncpp. Fm hnipJp
Bs\bpw \_nIcow (k) Xncpta\ntbbpw A\pKanpXn
21
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Hcp ISpIfshnepw hyXnNenpXv Rm hnizkanmbvabmbn
IcpXph\msWv Bcw`wsXms {]kvXmhnpsImncpp.
{]kvXpX Aym]\sf Aev]sanepw Dt]npbm
\cImhImin BsWmsWs Dd hnizmkw. Rm Cu hnizm
kspdnv {]`mjWfn am{Xa, Adp]tXmfw {K
fnepw hniZoIcnp {]kvXmhnnpv. cmI F\nv CtXNn
bp w hn Nm c hp am Wp Xv . Cu FXn cm fn Iv
ssZh`bapmbncps n Fs GsX n epw H c ym ]\w
Ckveman\p ]pdpXmsWpw FmWnXn\v ImcWsapw
CXn\v \nv Fpadp]SnbmWv Xcm\psXpw tNmZnt
ISa Chpmbncpnt? Fm Ans\b Ah
sNbvXXv. tIam{Xbn Im^n Fp hn[npIbmWpmbXv.
ChcpsS Cu tNjvSsb Atbw ApXtmsSbmWv Rm
honpXv. ImcWw, HmaXmbn Cukm\_nbpsS Poh
acW{]iv\w Ckveman {]thinpXnv \nZm\amb Hcp D]m
[nb. ChnsSbpw lnpfpw IrkvXobcpw CkvemwaXw Bt
jnptm

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F {]XnbmsX ap h {]Xnbpw Ah tcmSv
hmmdptm? (AXmbXv Amlphnepw, Ahs aepIfnepw,
Ahs thZ{Kfnepw, Ahs {]hmNImcnepw, \bpw
Xnbpw ssZh hn [n bns Xm sWXnepw, ac Wm \ c
Dbsgpt]nepw Rm hnizknpp). Cu {]iv\w Ckvem
ans Hcp `mKamXncns ]ns Fn\mWv Cukm\_nbpsS
acWspdnp Fs {]Jym]\w \nanw Fs Im^n
sdpw Zmsepw ]dbpIbpw, Fs A\pbmbnIsf apkvenw
IfpsS s]mXpivaim\n adbSsScpsXpw, AhcpsS
apXepw kzpw sImbSnpXv A\phZ\obamsWpw, Ah
cpsS kv{XoIsf \nmlv sNmsXXs XfpsS hoSpIfn
22 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
shm hp Xm sW pw, Ahsc h[n p Xv ]pWy I am
sWpw ^Xvh sImSppsImv Cu [mjvSyw ImWnpXv?
Hcp Imeapmbncpp. Av CtX auehnam apdhnfn
IqnbncpXv Hcmfn Ip^vdns 99 ImcW DsmInepw
Abmfn Ckvemans Htcsbmcp ImcWw am{Xw ImWsSpI
bmsWn Ip^v ^vXzh sImSpm ]mSnspw Abmsf
apkam\mbnXs KWnWsapambncpp. Fm Ctm
Fp kw`hnp? Rm AXns\mfpw tamish\mbntmtbm?
Rm\pw Fs PamApw

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F Ienabs DcnpXv? Rm\pw Fs A\pbmbnIfpw
\akvImcw A\pjvTnpns? R dafm\n {hXa\pjvTnp
nt? lZvdv \_nIcow (k) Ckvemans cq]n D]tZ
in Fm hnizmk Ifpw A\pjvTnphcs?
Rm kXyambpw ]dbpp. Amlphns t]cn BW
bnp ]dbpp. Rm\pw Fs PamApw apkveofmWv. R
lZvdv \_nIcow (k) Xncpta\nbnepw hnipJpB\nepw Hcp
bYm apkvenw hnizkntXvt]mse hnizknphcmWv.
Hcp AWpam{Xsanepw Ckveman\v ]pdv ImseSppshp
Xv \min\p \nanamsWpw Rm Ddphnizknpp.
Hcmv F{XIv ssZhm\p{Klhpw DZmcXbpw Bnp
hm\pw ssZhkmao]yw {]m]nm\pw km[nptam AXv lZvdv
dkqepmln (k) tbmSp Bmamb A\pkcWhpw ]q
amb kvt\lhpw A\pcnbpw aqew am{Xta km[npIbpq.
AmsX km[ya FXmWv Fs aXw. Xncp\_n(k)sb Iq
SmsX \ {]m]nphm\p asmcp amKhpw CXs.
akolv ( A) CtX q e i co c tm Sp IqSn BIm i v
t]mbnpspw Ctmgpw AhnsS Pohn n cn p p spw
Rm Hcn epw hniz kn p n F Im cyhpw kXy am Wv .
ImcWw Cu hnizmkw, lZvdv dkqIcow (k) Xncpta\nv
23
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
ITn\amb A]am\hpw Ahtlf\hpw Dmp HmWv. Hcp
\nan j t\ c t p IqSn Cu A] am \s A\p Iq en p hm
F\nv km[ya. lZvdv aplZv \_n(k) 63mwas hb
n h^mmbn Fpw B ]pWymmhns dufmsico^v (]p
WyJ_) ]cnip aZo\bnemsWpXpw Fmhpadnbmw.
Hmtcm hjhpw Bbn c W n\v e W n\v lmPn am
AhnsS sNpp. lZvdv Cukm (A) acnpt]mbncnpp
Fp ]dbpXv AtltmSv ImWnp acyZtISmsWn
lZvdv \_n Icow (k) Xncpta\nsbpdnv Cu [nmchpw
A]acymZbpw Fns\ AwKoIcnm\mIpw Fp Rm tNmZn
pIbmWv. Fm \n hfsc ktmjtmSpIqSn \_n
Xncpta\n (k) acWspt]mbn Fp ]dbpIbpw, aueqZv HmXp
h hfsc CuWtmSpIqSn Atlns acWkw`h
A\pkvacnpIbpw sNpp. AhnizmknIsXncn \n
hnime a\kv IX tbmsS Atlw h^m msbv k Xnp
sImSppIbpw sNpp. ]ns Cukm \_nbpsS acWn
Fn\mWnh hnImc`cnXcpw {]p_v[cpambnocpsXv
F\np a\nemIpn. Fm \_nXncpta\n (k)sb ]n
h^mv F hmv tIptm A{]Imcw Io hmp
pshn Rpw hnjaapmIpambncpn.
Fm ]cnXm]Icsap ]dbs, Jmap_no\pw
temIm\p{Klnbpamb aplZv \_n(k)bpsS acWs ktm
j]qw kzoIcnp \n B ]pWymmhns ]mZc
bpsS sIgnphmIqSn Xm tbmKy\sv Xspdnv ]d
bp Hcm acnmsX Cpw Poht\msS Ccnpsv Ddp
hnizknpIbpw Atlspdnv acWw F hmv Dcn
ptm Xs \nv tm`w hpt]mhpIbpw sNpp.
lZv dv dkq Xncp ta\n (k) CtXhsc Poh t\msS Ccn
ppsn Hcp {]iv\hpanmbncpp. ImcWw Xncp\_n (k)
almb lnZmbp (cmamw) ambnmWv AhXocmbn
cn p Xv . AXnt\mSp InS]nSnp asmcp lnZmbv
temIn. BZw sXmnthscbp ammpw kanm
km[nnnm PohnX amXrIbmWv B ]pWymmhv ImWn
24 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Xv. Rm \ntfmSv kXyambpw ]dbpp; lZvdv dkq Xncp
ta\n(k) bpsS PohnXw Cp temInpw apkvenwpw
Bhiyamb{Xp lZvdv akolns PohnXns Bhiy
IXbnXs.
B ]pWymmhn(k)s AkvXnXzw F{Xam{Xw A\p{K
loXambncppshm AhnSpv ZnhwKX\mbtm klm_m
{`mp ]nSnhsctmsebmbnop. F{Xam{Xsam
lZvdv Da (d) Ddbn \npw Xs hm ]pdsSpv Bsc
nepw \_nXncpta\n(k) acWsp Fp ]dbpIbmsWn
Abm fpsS inc tZw sNp Xm sWv ]d bp I bp m bn. B
{]p_v[mhbn AmlpXBe lZvdv A_p_ (d)
hn\v Hcp khntij{]Imihpw DImgvNbpw {]Zm\w sNbvXp.
Atlw Fmhscbpw HcpanpIqn Hcp {]kwKw \Sn. hnip
JpB\nse

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F Bbv HmXpIbpmbn. AXmbXv aplZv Hcp ssZh
ZqX\mIpp. Atln\p app ssZhZqXmscmw Xs
h^m m bn cn p p (3:145) ChnsS A] samv {in pI!
Fnv Nnnp ]dbpI. lZvdv dkq Xncpta\n(k)bpsS h^m
n lZvdv A_q_(d) Fn\v Cu Bbv HmXn? CXp
sImv Atlns DtZyiyhpw Cbpw Fmbncpp? B
Ahkcn Fm klm_mfpw knlnXcmbncppXm\pw
Rm ZrVt_m[ytmsSbmWv ]dbpXv. dkq Xncp
ta\n(k)bpsS h^mv \nanw klm_mfpsS lrZbfn
ITn \ amb hnc l th Z\ Dm bn cp pshpw Xncp ta \n bpsS
h^mv AImembntmbn Fh IcpXnbncppshpap
hkvXpX \nv \ntj[nm\mhn. dkq Xncpta\nbpsS
hntbmK hm tIpXv Ah CjvSsncpn. Acw
Ahbnepw k`nepw {]K` hynXzns DSabmb
lZvdv Dadns\tmep hynIfpsS tIm]mthiw XWpn
25
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
phm {]kvXpX Bbnv km[npambncpnsn, Cu
JpB\nI hN\w klm_mv Bizmkhpw kzm\hpw
{]Zm\w sNpIbpw sNpXmbncppshn Atlw CXv
]mcmbWw sNpambncpn. Cukm\_n Poht\msS Ds
hnizmkhpw Adnhpw Ahpmbncppshn Ah AhnS
s Poht\msS acnp hogpambncpp. Ah lZvdv \_n
Icow (k) Xncpta\nbn AIagn A\pccmbncpp. At
lns PohnXs IqSmsX amscnepw acnmsX Pohnncn
pI Fv hnizknpXv Ahv Akl\obambncpp. Imc
Ww, XfpsS IapmsI Atlw acnp InSpXmbn
ImWpIbpw Fm akolv Poht\msS CcnpXmbn hniz
kn p Ibpw sNm Ahss\ km[npw? AXm bXv
lZvdv A_q_ {]kvXpX JpXzp_ HmXnbtm AhcpsS
Bthiw XWp p. Bk a bv klm _m Cu Bbv
CmWndnbsXv tXmpamdv aZo\bnse sXcphpIfn HmXn
\Sp. B Ahkcn lZvdv lm\n_v\p km_nv Hcp
hnem] Imhyw FgpXpIbpmbn. AXn Atlw ]dp,


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(AXmbXv Apv Fs IaWnbmbncpp. AbpsS
hntbmKw \nanw Fs IpI Aambntmbn. Atv
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p dnp am{X am bn cp p.) Fm hcpw ac W s p tmbn Fv
{]kvXp Bbv {]Xn]mZnpXv sImmWv lm(d) BcpsS
acWspdnpw X\nn\n Bibn FnhnsS {]kvXmhn
ncnpXv.
lZvdv dkq Xncpta\n (k)sXncn BcpsS Pohn
Xhpw (acWanm Ah) klm_mv ITn\amb hnj
aapmp Hmbncpp FtmtXmWv. AXv Ahv
26 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
klnphm km[npambncpn. C{]Imcw, dkq Xncpta\n
(k)bpsS hntbmKn temIpmb Hmas CPvamAv
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Cukm \_n (A)s h^mns\ kw_npw ncoIcn
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lZvdv akolns acWnv Ghpw kpiamb sXfn
hm Wn sXv Rm ]e hpcp Bhnv ]d n p Xm Wv .
dkq Xncpta\n(k)bpsS hntbmKw klm_msf ZpxJm
cmm Hcp km[mcWhpw \nmchpw Bb kw`hambncpn
. Hcp {Kmanse A[nImcntbm Hcp albnse {]amWntbm
Asn Hcp honse kp{][m\ hyntbm acWsSpIbm
sW n hon ep hpw al bn ep hpw {Kma hm kn
Ipw BLmXhpw ZpxJhpw DIpp. Atm apgptemI
npambn h B {]hmNI, temIm\p{Klnbmbn h B
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(21: 108)
AXmbXv \mw apgptemInpw A\p{KlambnmsX \ns
Abnn Fpw

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AXmbXv \o ]dbpI, Atbm P\tf! Xobmbpw Rm
\nsfmhpambn \nbp\mb ssZhZqX\mWv Fpw hnip
JpB\n hntijnns B almmhv, kXykX
bp sSbpw Iqdnsbpw amXrI ImWn p Ibpw AXpyamb
alnamhnemkw shfnsSppIbpw sNbvXp. B alm\p`mh
h^mmIpIbpw Fnpw Atlns {]oXcmb A\pNc
hrfn Hcp {]`mhhpw Dmbnn Fsns\ ]dbphm
km[npw? AhcmsWn Atln\pthn XfpsS Poh
IqSn IpcpXn sImSpphm Xmdmbncpp. XfpsS \mSpw hoSpw
Dhscbpw DSbhscbpw Dt]np. Atln\pthn Fm
IjvSmSpIfpw _pnappIfpw kktmjw klnp. Ahv
dkqepmbpsS hntbmKw F{Xam{Xw thZ\bpw ZpxJhpw Dm
27
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
n bn cn Ww Fv kn mt\m A\p am \n mt\m IqSn
\apv km[ya Fv Aev]sanepw Nnnm {Klnmhp
XmWv. Fm B Ahkcn Ahv kmz\hpw kam
izmkhpw \InbncpXv lZvdv A_p_ (d) HmXnbncp
{]kvXpX Bbmbncpp. Ans\ Ghpw koamb Ah
kcn klm_msf \nb{nncp A_q_ (d) hns\
Amlp \ {]Xn^ew \In A\p{KlnpamdmIs!
Fm hfsc ]cnXm]Icsap ]dbs! Nne Aev]
hfsc [rXnbpw XnSphpw ImWnpsImv ]dbpXv, {]kvXpX
Bbv lZvdv A_q_ (d) Xobmbpw HmXnbXmbn
cppshnepw lZvdv Cukm \_n (A) CXn \npw ]pd
m sWmWv . Ccw Ahn thIn I tfmSv FmWv ]d
tbsXv F\np a\nemIpn. auehnamscp ]dbs
psImmWv Ccw hnUvVn Ch ]pepXv. lZvdv
Cukm \_nsb Hgnp\nnb GXv hmmWv Cu Bbnep
sXv Ch ]d bp n . Amlp CXn bmsXmcp
kwibn\pw CS \Inbnn. Amlp {]kvXpX Bbn
ep JZvJev F hmn\v

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(Atlw
acnpItbm h[nsSpItbm) F \nhN\amWv sImSpn
cnpXv. CXp IqSmsX apmasXmchIqSn Dmbncps
n

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(`qXicoctmSpIqSn
BImipbsSpItbm)AXpIqSn Amlp tNpambncp
ns? Amlp adpt]mbXv Ch HmannpIbmtWm? (\
DuZp_nmlv an ZmenI)
Cusbmcp hN\w am{XamWpsXn Xsbpw CXv aXn
bmIpambncpp. Fm Rm ]dbpp, lZvdv \_nIcow
(k) Xncpta\nbpsS PohnXw Ahv F{Xam{Xw kvt\lhpw {]nb
chpw Bbncppshm Ctmgpw Atlns hntbmKw
HmpsImv Chcpw hne]npp. klm_msf kw_n
nStmfw hfscb[nIw thZ\bpw Dpcphpw B Ahkc
n Dmbncpp. Fs ] \_nXncpta\nsb A\p[m
28 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
h\w sNp BfmWv bYm hnizmkn. B Bv am{Xsa
GsX n ep w m\v Fp hm km[n p I bp q .
AmlpXBe Xs Acp sNpp.

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AXmbXv ]dbpI, \n Amlphns\ kvt\lnppsh
n Fs ]npScpI. Atm Amlp \nsf Xs t{]a
`mP\ampXmWv. (3:32)
t{]ans t{]cWbm Hcp t{]anbpsS Hmtcm {]hn
tbmSpw kvt\lhpw aaXbpw tXmpXmWv. acnpI FXv
dkq Xncpta\n(k)bpsS kpmWv. Atlw acWsp Im
Wnp Xp. Atm X\ntm aphtm acWanmsXsIm
p PohnXw thWsav BcmWv ImwnpI?
t{]ans tXw, Xs am\kotIOIv ISnmWn
psImv Xncp\_n (k)bpsS A\pkcWn Xs ebnn
pI FXmWv. Xm BcpsS Dns BfmsWv Nnn
s. B nXnv lZvdv Cukm(A) acnmsX Pohnncn
pp Fp hnizknp Bv Fns\bmWv X\nv dkq
epmln(k)tbmSv kvt\lhpw A\p[mh\hpw Dsv ]dbphm
km[npI? ImcWw Abm akoln\v t{ijvTX I]npIbpw
Xncp\_n(k) acnXmbn ]dbpIbpas sNpXv? C{]Imcw
Atlw (Cukm\_n) acnmsX Pohnncnpp Fv kXn
pIbs sNpXv?
} Rm kXyambpw ]dbpp. lZvdv aplZv \_n
(k) Poht\msS Ccnpmbncpsn Hcmt]mepw Ahnizkn
BbnpmIpambncpn. \mev]Xv tImSn ss{IkvXh Dmbn
FmsX Cuk\_n (A)bpsS PohnXw sImv Bsp
t\hpw ^ehpamWv AXpmnbncnpXv. Atlw Pohn
ncnpv F hnizmkspdnv \n ]coWw \Sn
bncpns? Fv Nnp t\mpI. AXns ^ew A]ISw
\nd Xm bn cp ns? Hcm sf nepw Irkv XpaXw kzoI cn n n
29
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
m GsXnepsamcp apkvenw hn`mKs FSppImWnm
km[nptam? Hmtcm apkvenw hn`mKn\npw {InkvXpaXw
kzoIcnnps bmYmyw Rm Ddnp ]dbpp. Ah
cpsS Fw Hcp e n A[n I am bn cnpw. apkv enw Isf
IrkvXym \nIfmpXn Cukm\_nbpsS PohnX {]iv\w F
Bbp[amsX {InkvXym\nIfpsS In asmWpXv? Cu
khntijX amcnsenepw DXmbn \nv m]nm
km[nptam Fv Ah tNmZnpp. Atlw ssZhasn
Cu {]tXyIX Fntln\v \Isp. Atlw lpw(
F spw Pohn n cn p Bfpw) Jqapw (Fspw \ne
\np Bfpw) BsWv Ah ]dbpp. (\DuZp_nmlv)
Cu PohnX {]iv\w Ahv ss[cyw ]Ip sImSpncnpI
bmWv. Ans\ Ah apkvenwIsf A{IanXns ^esap
mbn Fv \nsf Rm Adnbnp Ignp. CXnsXncmbn
akolv acWspt]mbn Fv ]mXncnamcpsS apmsI m]n
psImSppIbmsWn Fmbncnpw ^eapmhpI? Rm
henb henb ]mXncnamtcmSv tNmZnncpp. akolv acWsp
Fv m]nsm XfpsS aXw \nohambnocp
XmsWh ]dbpIbpmbn.
Hcp {iml amb Imcyw, akolv Pnhnncnps
hnizmkns A\c^ew A\p ` h ns shfn n
\nv a\nemm km[np. C\n A]samv Atl
ns ac Ws p dn p hnizmk^ew A\p`hndnbpI.
IrkvXob aXtemIv Cu hnizmkw Fp {]I\amWv Dm
psXv t\mnmWpI. Fs GsXnepw Hc\pbmbn XXvhn
jbIambn IrkvXym\nItfmSv hnhmZnmbn \npIbmsW
n DSs\ Ah \ntj[np Hgnpamdpp. ImcWw Cu hgn
bnIqSn Ahsc \miamWv kao]npI Fhdnbmw. At
lns acW{]iv\w m]nsSpIbmsWn AhcpsS
]m]]cn lmc knm tam At l ns ssZhtam ssZh ]p
{XXztam m]n X am Ip X . \n Aev ] \m fp I Cu
{]iv\spdnv ]coWw \SpI. Atm bmYmyw
kzbw shfnsSpXmWv.
30 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
{inp tIpI! Ckvemw hym]npsapw AXn\v CX
caXfpsS ta hnPbw hp tNcpsapw IpcnipSbpsapw
hnipJpB\nepw \_n hN\fnepw hmKvZm\apv.
Cu `uXnItemIns \Snnv _mlyamb hkvXp
fpsS Bhiyapv FImcyw {itbamWv . Hcp tcmKnv
kpJw e`nm in^m AYhm tcmKimn \Iph \nw
ibw AmlphmWv. Fm acppIfn kpJ{]m]vXnp
{]tXyIXIfpw Ah\mWv shncnpXv. acpv \IsSpI
bmsWn AXv {]tbmP\sSpp. Zmlnptm AXn\p
ia\w \Iph AmlphmWv. Fm AXnmbn shhpw
Ah Xs GmSp sNbvXp Xncnpp. AtX {]Imcw hni
ptm AXns\ AIph\pw AhXs. Fm AXn\v
Ah Blmcn\p GmSp sNbvXncnpp. AtX{]Imcw
Ckvemans hnPbhpw IpcnipSbepw Ah hn[nXpt]mse
kw`hnpXmWv. Fm AXnmbn Ah GmSpIfpw Hcp
\nbahpw shnpv. hnipJpBsbpw lZokpIfpsSbpw ASn
m \ n Ah km\ Imev Irkv Xp a X w A`nhrnsSp
tm hmKvZ akolns Im Ckvemanv hnPbapmIp
Ibpw Fm aXfpsSbpw kapZmbfpsSbpwta Ckvemw
AXnPbnp \npIbpw Zmens\ sImpIbpw IpcnipSp
Ibpw sNpXpamWv. B Imew Ahkm\ Imeambncnpw. Ah
km\ Imespdnv {K FgpXnb \hm_v knoJv lk
Jm\pw ap almmcpw Cmcyw kXnnpXmWv. Fm
Cu {]hN\]qoIcWn\v Nne D]m[nIfpw amfpap
v. `uXoIamb D]m[nIfpw hkvXpfpw aqew {]h\w \S
pXv Amlphns coXnbmWv. acppIfnqSn tcmKia\w
hcp p p. ` W ]m \n b fnqSn hni pw Zml hpw
AIpp. CtX {]Imcw IrkvXpaXn\v B[n]Xyw DmIp
tm Hmtcm hn`mKns apkveo AXn BIrjvScm
hpIbpw sNptm Amlp Xs hmKvZm\a\pkcnv Ckvem
anv hnPbw \Iphm DtinpXmWv. AXnmbn GsX
nepw amhpw D]m[nbpw shnpmhWw. AXnmbnsmcp
nb Bbp[w Cukm\_nbpsS acWamIpp. Cu Bbp[w
31
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
sImv IpcnipaXn\v acWw kw`hnpXpw AhcpsS \sv
HSnbpXpamWv.
Rm kXyambpw ]dbpp. IrkvXym\nIfpsS sXpI
ZpcoIcnpXnv (AhcpsS hymP{]NcWsf {]Xntcm[np
Xnv) D Ghpw henb D]m[nbmWv tbiphns acWw
m]npI FXv. \n \nfpsS `h\fn GImambpw
ibn InSpw Nnnp t\mpI. FXnns Ahbn
Bthiw Dm Ip p. ip {]Ir X \mb a\p jy ]noSv
Imcy Nnnp t\mp Xm Wv . tbip hns\ Bcm [n
pXn\p ASnm\ kvXq]w Atlw Pohnncnps
hnizmkamsWpw CXv DSbmnStmfw Imew Ckveman\p
IhmSw XpdsSpXspw CXpaptJ\ IrkvXpaXn\mWv
klmbw e`npsXpw Ulnbn Rm {]`mjWw \S
n b tm Ahn Ss ip mmfmb Bfp I
AwKoIcnpIbpw CXhnsS {]Jym]npIbpw sNbvXXmWv.
cv kmn I kmyw ]dm ChnsS ac W in v
t]mep w hn [n sSp sa Imcyw Cukm \ _n bp sS
Pohn n cn n t\mSv kv t\l `mhw shp ]p ep h
NnntXmWv. Fm ChnsS C{Xb[nIw kmy
Dmbnpw CXns\ \ntj[npsImtbncnpIbmsWv.
Amlp hnipJpB\n ]dbpp.

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Atbm Cukm, Rm \n\v acWw Xcph\pw Fntev
Dbph\pamWv. (3:56) AtX {]Imcw Cukm \_n kzbw
]dbpXmbn hnipJpB Xs Dcnpp. AXmbXv,

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\o Fs acn
ntm \obmWv AhcpsS tat\mmc.(5:118) Xh^v^
F hm n\v acWsa AamWv Jp B \n \npw
m]nXamIpXv. ImcWw CtX ]Zw XsbmWv aplZv \_n
32 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
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AXm
bXv \mw Ahv XmoXv sNbvXncp Nne apdnbnpI
\ns PohnX Imev \mw \n\v ImWnp XcpXmWv. As
n \ns h^m n\v tijw(\mw ImWnp sImSp p Xm
Wv)(10:47) dkq Xncpta\n(k) kzbw ^emX hss^X\o
Fp ]d n p apv ( _p Jm cn) AXns Aw acWw
FpXsbmWv. CtX{]Imcw lZvdv bqkp^v \_nsbp
dnpw ap P\sfpdnpw CtX hmpXs hnpv.
bmYmyw CXmbncns CXn\p asmcw Fn\p
\IWw. Cukm ako lns ac W n \p in a mb
kmyamWnXv. CXpIqSmsX lZvdv dkqIcow (k) anAvdmPv
cm{Xnbn lZvdv Cukm\_nsb acWshcn XsbmWv
ImWpIbpmbXv. anAvdmPv lZokns\ Bpw \ntj[nphm
km[npX. AsXmv Xpdv t\mpI. AXn lZvdv
Cukm\_nsb acWshcpsS IqsSbmtWm AtXm atsX
nepw hn[nemtWm {]Xn]mZnncnpXv? Xncp\_n (k)
lZvdv C{_mlnw (A), lZvdv aqk(A) XpSnb anXc {]
hmNImsc IXvt]mseXsbs lZvdv Cukm(A)sbbpw
IncpXv? Ahcn Hcp {]tXyIXbpw hnthN\hpw Dmbn
cpn. lZvdv aqk(A), lZvdv C{_mlnw(A) CXpt]mse
ap {]hm N I mscmw ac W s n cn pp F Imcy n
Bpw FXnc`n{]mban. Bmsf ]nSnsSpph ]c
temIv Ahsc FnpIbpw sNbvXp. ]nss\bmWv Ah
cns Hcp hyn qeico c tmsS Poht\mSpIqSn
t]mbncnp Xv . Cu kmy IpdsXmp a . Hcp
bYm apkam\v CXv aXnbmb sXfnhpIfmWv.
ap lZokpIfnemsWn lZvdv Cukm\_nbpsS
hbv \qnCcp]tXm \qn Ccp]nbtm BsWv tcJs
pInSpp. {]kvXpX sXfnhpIsfsbmw Hcpanp t\mpIbm
sWn s]sv lZvdv Cukm akolv Poht\msS BIm
33
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
iv t]msbv hnizknpXv XJvhsXncmb ImcyamsWv
{KlnmhpXmWv. am{Xhpa CXpt]mep HcpZmlcWhpw
CXs. bpnbpw CXpXsbmWv hn[npXv. Fm hyk
\sap ]dbs, Chv Aev]w t]mepw hnNmcw DmIpn.
ssZh`bw teihpanmsX Fs DSs\ Zmsev ap{ZIpn.
CXv \nmcImcyamtWm Fv Ah Nnnp t\ms. Atlm
IjvSw!
HscmgnIgnhpw CmXmbtm Ch ]dbpXv ayIm
ev CPvamAv DmsbmWv. Fm FtmgmWv Cu CPvam
Av DmbXv? bYmnep CPvamAv klm_mfpsSXmbn
cpp. AXn\p tijw CPvamAv Dmbnpsn Ctmgp
Cu hn`mKsfmw Hv HcpanpIqSn ImWns!!! CXp XnIpw
sXmb ImcyamsWv Rm kXyambpw ]dbpp. akolv acn
nn FXnv Hcnepw CPvamAv Dmbnn. Ch {K
hmbnncppshn kq^ohcym Atlw acnp Fp
hniznknphcmbncppshv Ahv a\nemIpambncpp.
Atlns ]p\cmKa\w {]XnmbsbtmWamsWv Ah
hnizknpp.
Npcpn, Rm Amlphns\ kvXpXnpXv t]mse
lZvdv dkqepmbpsS t]cn kzempw kemapw HmXpp.
B ]pWymmhn\v thnXsbmWv Amlp Cu {]m\s
m]n n cn p Xv . lZv dv Xncp \ _n (k) bpsS Bob
\ocpdhnsbpw A\p{KlfpsSbpw ^eambmWv Cu ssZhoI
klmb DmbnsmncnpXv. lZvdv dkqepmlv(k)
bpsS Imev]mZsf ]npScmsX Iv Hcp a\pjy\pw Hcp hn[
nep Bobm\p{Klfpw Botbmjhpw e`np
X FXmWv Fs hnizmkhpw aXhpsav Rm hyam
m B{Klnpp.
]ns AtXmsSmw asmcp Imcyhpw kvacWobamWv.
AXv Rm {]Xn]mZnnsn \ntISmbn XocpXmWv. AXn
XmWv, AXmbXv khn[ kam[m\hpw \evIp Hcp `cWIqS
n IognemWv Amlp \s BnbncnpXv. Ah \apv
34 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
\psS aX{]NmcWn\p kq kzmX{yw \IpIbpw
sNbvXp. AtXmsSmw AXn\p kwhn[m\ Amlp e`y
ampIbpw sNbvXncnpp. IrkvXpaXs AXn iamb
\n e bn Jn phm \apv kmlNcyw e`n pp
FXns\pfpw henb kzmX{yw \apv asmWv thXv?
Bcpw Xs CXns\ XSpbpn. Fm CXn\papv Hcp Ime
apmbncpp. B Imespdndnbph Cpw Pohnncn
pv. B Imev Hcp apkampw kzw ]nIfnt]mepw
_mv sImSpm\p kzmX{yw Dmbncpn. ap Imcy
sfpdnv Fp ]dbphm\mWv. A\phZ\obamb `W]Zm
`pPnpXv IqSn hnesncpp. FpXs A\njvS
kw`hw \Smepw Hcp hn[nep At\zjWhpw Dmbncp
n.
Fm Amlphns A\p{Klhpw HuZmcyhpamsWp
]dbs, ta]d t]mcmbvaIfn \nsmw apamb Hcp
`cWIqSns IognemWv \mw DXv. AXmbXv kam[m\ Imw
nbmb Bwtb`cWIqSw. Ahv aXnSbn ImW
sSp hnXykvXm`n{]mbfn Hcmt]hpw CXs. Hmtcm
aXhn`mKn\pw XfpsS ISaI \nhlnpXn\p kzmX
{rapsXmWv AhcpsS \nbaw. \psS X_veoKv FmbnS
fn ep w Fn t c W sav Amlp Dt in p p .
AXpsImmWv \s Cu `cWIqSnIogn Bnbncnp
Xv. lZvdv dkqIcow (k) s\uiohms `cW ImeL
spdnv A`nam\w sImncpXv t]mse \apv Cu `cW
IqSspdnv A`nam\apv.
ssZh\n bp cmb almm \oXn bp w \ymbhp w
\SnempXn\mWv temIv BKXcmIpXv . AXn\m
Ah \ntbmKnsSpXn\papt temIv \oXn\ymbfpsS
kamcw`hpw IpdnsSpp. akolns Imepmbncp
tdmam km{amPysm Cu `cWIqSw t{ijvTamsWv Rm
Ddp hnizknpp. cnsbpw \nba Hcpt]msebmsW
nepw Cu `cWIqSns \nbaw BcpsSbpw kn\v hg
35
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
mXmWv. Ccp`cWIqSsfbpw Xpe\w sNptm a\
nemm km[npXv tdmam km{aPyn {IqcIrXy
apgp \npXmbn ImWsSpp FXmWv. {]kvXpX tdmam
`cWIqSw blqZnIsf `bp sImv Amlphns ]cnip{]
hmNI\mb tbipaninlmsb XSenemnbXv AhcpsS `ocpXzw
Bbncpp. CXpt]mep tIkv F\nsXncnepw Dmbncpp.
akolnsXncmbn tIkv sImSpncpXv blqZnIfmbncppsh
n Cu `cWIqSn F\nsXncmbn tIv sImSpncpXv
am\y\mb Hcp ]mXncnbmbncpp. Abm tUmIvSdpw IqSnbmbn
cp p . AXm bXv tUmIv S amn mv . Atlw
h[{ian\p IpamWv F\n s Xn cn Npa n bn cp Xv .
kmnIsfsbmw Atlw GsSppIbpw sNbvXncpp.
Fpam{Xa, PamAns ITn\i{Xphmb A_q kCuZv apl
Zv lpssk _mehn F\nsXncn kmyw ]dbm tImS
Xnapdnbn knlnX\mbn. Xmemhpw hn[w Abm F\ns
Xncmbn kmysamgn \IpIbpw sNbvXp. As\ Cu tIv
F\nsXncmbn m]np Inm ]qamb ]cn{iaw \Sn.
Cu tIv Kpcp Zm kv ]q Pn bnse U]yq n I o j W
Iym]v sUns tImSXnbnemWv \SXv. Atlw Ctm
Hcp ]s inwebnemWv DXv. Atlns apmsI tImS
Xnbn F\nsXncmbn inamb coXnbn samgn sImSp
sp. tImSXn \S]SnI honncp Hcp \nba\pw Xs
Rm Cu tIkn tamNnX\mIpsav ]dbphm km[npambn
cpn. Fs skj\n GnsSp kmlNcyw hsc
Fn. AhnsS\nv F\nv h[in \IsSpItbm Fs
\mSp IS s Sp Itbm sNp am bn cp p . Fm Cu
tIknt\pdnv F\nv apIqn Adnhv \Inb Amlp
CXn\npw Rm tamNnX\mbnocpXmsWpw Adnbnn
cpp. Cu {]hN\s kw_nv PamAnse `qcn]w
t]padnbmw.
Npcpn tIkv \nmbI Ln Fnbtm
i{Xpfpw FXncmfnIfpw IcpXnbncpXv Ctm Fs aPn
36 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
kvt{Sv skj\ntev GnpXmsWmbncpp. Cu Ah
kcn Atlw t]meokv ta[mhnsb hnfnv Cu tIv Ir{Xn
aamsWv Xs lrZbw ]dbppshp ]dp. hmkvXhn
C{ ] Im c ap { iaw \S p FXv Fs lrZbw
AwKoIcnpn. tUmIvS mns\ h[nm Bsf Abp
FXnepw F\nv ktlapv. AXn\m Cu tIkv ]p\c
t\z jWw \S t XmWv . Fs i{Xp F\n sXn cmbn
Fm hn[ ]XnIfpw BhnjvIcnpsImncp kabambncp
p AXv. am{Xa ZpB kzoIcnsSpsav hnizmkaph
F\nv ine`nphm Atcw Icp {]mnpsImn
cnpIbpw sNbvXncpp. Fm ssZhs t\cnSm BmWv
km[npI. F\nv in\Iphm\mbn Iym]v Uns
ASp Nne ip]miIfpw hXmbn F\nv hnhcw e`npI
bp m bn. Atlw \oXnam\mb Hcp \ymbm[n]\mbncpp.
Atlw ]dp: As\bpff A\ymbw Rm {]hnp
X.
Npcpn CutIv ]p\ct\zjWnmbn Iym]v
emam Nns\ `ctansp. Atlw A_vZp laoZns\*
hnfnnp. Fnv ]dp: \o \SsXmsWv Xpdv ]d
bpI. Fm Ah U]yqn IojWdpsS apmsI ]d
IY Xs Bhnp. Aev]sanepw \o samgnamn ]dbpI
bmsWn \o ]nSnsSpsav Ahs\ ]dp]Tnnncpp.
Fm t]meokv ta[mhn Aht\mSv ]dp: CXn\pappw \o
CtX samgnXsbmWtm ]dncpXv. Fm U]yqn Io
jW Cu samgnbn Xr]vX\. ImcWw \o ]dbpXv kXy
a. cmaXpw Iym]v emamNv Aht\mSv CtX tNmZyw
tNmZntm Ah IcpsImv Atlns Im
hoWv Fs cnpI Fv ]dbm XpSn. Iym]v Ahs\
kmz\sSpn. Atm Ah kXymh Xpdp ]dp.
Xs `ojWnsSpnbmWv BZys samgnsImSpm t{]cn
nXv. ankm kmln_v Fs Hcnepw amn ns\
* (A _v Zp laoZv F bphm hn s\ bmWv ]mXncn amn mns\ h[n p hm \mbn Ab
sX m bn cpp Btcm ] Ww. ]cn.)
37
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
h[nm Abncpn. Cu {]kvXmh\ tIv t]meokv ta[mhn
hfsc ktm jn p. Ans\ U]yqn Io j Wv In
ktiabp. ]noSv KpcpZmkv]q tImSXnbn Cu tIv hopw
hp. AhnsS Iym]v emamNv kXyhmvaqew FgpXnsIm
Spp. kXyw shfnsXn U]yqn IojW hfsc kp
jvS\mbXv F\nv ImWm km[np. F\nsXncmbn Ikm
y \Inb IrkvXym\nItfmSv Atln\v ITn\amb
tIm]w Dm bn cp p. B Irkv Xym \n IsI Xn cmbn tIp
sImSp msav Atlw FtmSv ]d p . tImSXn
hyhlmcfn hncn tXmnb F\nv tIkp sImSpm
XmXv ]cyanspw AXv D] cn tem I v kannpspw
]dp. Atm AtX k a bv Uv kmln_v hn[n
tcJsSpn. As Znhkw hensbmcp P\mhen AhnsS kn
lnXcmbncpp. Atlw Xs hn[n tInptm FtmSv
]dp: Xmv hnPbmiwkI, Xm Iphnap\mbncn
pp.
Cu `cWIqSns ta F{Xam{XamsWv t\mpI. \oXn
\nhlWImcyn Ah XfpsS aXt\Xmhns\tbm av
GsXnepw LSItftbm hneaXnn. B kabv Hcp
temIw Xs Fs i{ Xp Bbn cpp. temI Hcmsf
IjvSsSpm Xp\nm Atls \m\m`mKp\npw
HsSppXv km[mcWamWv. Fm Amlp Xs kmXzn
Icmb ZkmcpsS kwcWnmbn Fpp.
CXn\ptijw an UqbnbpsS apmsI Hcp tIp hp.
Fs t]cn \nIpXn kw_amb Hcp tIv sInasp.
Fm Cu Fm tIpIfnepw Amlp Fs AtmSp
IqSn Ip hn ap \m n. Ahkm\w Idw Zo\pambn _s
tIpmbn. Cu tIn F\nsXn Fm hn[nep
inbpw {]tbmKnsp. CtXmsS Cu {]m\ns Ayw
IpdnsSpsav Ah IWpIqn. hmkv X h n Cu
{]m\w Amlphns `mKp \npXmbncppshn,
CXns kwc W n\pw klm bn \p ambn Fs IqsS
38 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Ah\nmbncppshn CXp \inpt]mIpambncpp F Im
cyn Hcp kwibhpw Dmbncpn. \mSns HcwapX at
Aw hsc IdwZo\n\v A\pIqeamb klmb e`npsImn
cpp. Cu tIkn auehnamscp ]dbsSp Nnecpw XnIpw
kXyhncpamb kmy \In. Hcm hy`nNmcntbm, Zp\
S m c t\m, ]m]ntbm BsW nepw Bbm ap Jn bm bn
cnmw FpIqSn samgn \Isp. CutIv \oImew hsc
\Sp. Cu Imebfhn [mcmfw ZrjvSm shfnsp. Ah
km\w lnphmb aPnkvt{Sv 500 DdpnI F\nv ]ngbnp. Fm
Amlp apIqn Xs Fs C{]Imcw AdnbnpIbpmbn.
AZm es Ben bms\ Ckv tIm _co IZn bm. (DX
\oXn]oTw Ctls Iphnap\mn.) Unhnj PUvPnbpsS
ASp Ao kanstm Atlw Xs ssZhZ
amb kqvaZrjvSnsImv {]kvXpX tIns bmYmyw
a\nempIbpw IdwZos\pdnv Rm FgpXnbsXmw kXy
amsWv sXfnbpIbpw sNbvXp. AXmbXv F\ns\ Fgp
Xphm\p AhImiw Dsv sXfnp. Ans\ Atlw
FgpXnb hn[n {]knoIcnsnpv. Atlw Fs Iphn
ap \m p Ibpw ]ng Xncnp Xcn Ibpw {]kv Xp X tI kn
ImeXmakw hcp n b Xnv Iogv tIm S Xnsb imkn p Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Npcpn Fs FXncmfnIv Hmtcm k`w e`n
tmgpw Fs \innphm\pw A]am\nX\mphm\pw Xfm
emIpw hn[w Ah bXv\npsImncpp. Hcp ]gpXpw Ah
]mgmnbn. Fm Amlp Xs {]hmNImsc csSp
nbXv t]mse Ahs {]tXyIm\p{Klm Fmhn[n
epap An]coIfn \npw Ah Fsbpw csSp
nsImncpp.
ta hnhcns Fm kw`hsfbpw ap\nn Cu
Khsav akolns\ ]oVnn tdmam `cWIqSsm sa
sXmsWv Rm inbpw ]dbpp.
KhW ]n em tXmkn s kan embn cp p
39
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
BZyambn akolns\Xncmb tIv kansXv. hmkvXh
n Atlw ako lns injy \m bn cp p. At l ns
]Xv\nbpw injybmbncpp. Xnanw akolns cn
X\nv ]nsv ]dv Atlw ssIIgpIpIbpmbn.
Atlw ako lns injy \m bn cp npw Kh dm bn cp
npt]mepw Iym]v Uv ImWnXpt]mep XtSw ImWn
n. AhnsSbpw akolv \nc]cm[nbmbncpp. ChnsS Rm\pw
\nc]cm[nbmWv.
Rm kXyambpw A\p`hns shfnnepw ]d
bpIbmWv. Amlp Cu kapZmbnv kXy kwm]\n
\p Hcp Icpv \Inbnpv. AXpsImv kXylrZbtmSp
IqSn Cu Khsans\ A\p k cn X fpsS IS a bmbn
IcpXWsamWv F\n v apkvenwItfmSv D]tZinm\pXv
XtmSv HuZmcyw ImWnphtcmSv IrXX ImWn
mh\v Am lp hn t\mSpw IrX X ImWnm
km[yasv \hw HmpsImtXmWv. Cu Imep
m bn cp Xv t]mep kpJ ku I cy appmbncpn.
sdbn, In, X]m, t]meokv apXemb hyhnXnIsf \nco
np t\mp I. Ch sImv Fsmw {]tbmP\fmWv
e`npsImncpXv. Ctv 60,70 hjv apv CXpt]m
ep kuIcyfpw kwhn[m\fpw Dmbncppthm? C{]Imcw
\psS ta BbncWn\p HuZmcy D nXnv \mw
FpsImv `cWIqStmSv IrXX {]ISnnpIqSm Fv
\oXn]qw t\mpI.
\nfpsS Cu {]m\n\p Hcp \yq\X AXv Pnlm
Zns\ \nemnbncnpIbmsWv ]dv _lp`qcn`mKw
apkv eo fpw Fs A[nt]npp. Fm ]cn Xm
]Icsap ]dbs, Cu AhnthInI bmYmyspdnv
AcmIpp. Ah Ckveman\pw lZvdv dkqepmln (k)
Xncpta\npw Zpjvt]cv DmpIbmWv sNpXv. B ]pWym
mhv Hcnepw Xs aX{]NcWnmbn hmsfSpncpn.
Fm Xn cp ta\n (k)p w B almmhn s
40 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
kwLn\psaXncn Atbs A{IaWhpw a\hpw
Agnp hnSpIbpw Xncp\_nbpsS Bm A\pNcmcmb
[mcmfw kvXo]pcpjmsc ckmnIfmpIbpw aZo\bn
sNpw Atls t{ZmlnpIbpw sNbvXtmgmWv Ahsc
t\cnSphm\p I]\ Atln\v e`nXv. Atlw kzbw
hmsfSpn cp n . Fm i{Xp fmWv hmsf SpXv . Nne
bhkcfn A{IanIfpw t{ZmlnIfpw Bb kXy\ntj[nI
fp sS B{ I a W m Atln s tZlamkIew
c]neamnbncpp. Fnpw Atlw Ahsc t\cnncpn
. \hw Hmp sIm pI! hmsf Spp aX{]N cWw
Ckv em an \n_ambncppshn Xncp\_n (k) a
bnshpXs hmsfSpmambncpp. Fm Atlw AXv
sNbvXn. A{IanIfmb AhnizmknI aZo\ hsc Atls
]npStmgmWv Xncp\_n (k) hmsfSpXv. Av FXncm
fnbpsS ssIhiw hmfp m bn cp p. Fmentm Fs
i{XpfpsS ] hmf DXv . Ah F\n s Xn cmbn
Nmchrnbpw ^XzhI \InbpamWv {]hnp sImncn
pXv. CkvemansXncn Ctm t]\bmWv D]tbmKns
Sp Xv . B n Xn bn t]\ s Xn cmbn hmsf Sp p h
hnUvVnbpw AXn{Ianbpw AmsX amcmWv? lZvdv dkq
Xncpta\n (k) AhnizmknIfpsS AXncpIS A{Iafpw a
\fpw klnm\mhmsX kzcpw {]Xntcm[n\pw thn
bmbncpp hmsfSpncpXv FImcyw hnkvacncpXv. kwkvIm
cap GsXmcp Khsans \nbamhenbnepw kzbw kwc
Wn\pw {]Xntcm[ \S]Snpap A\phmZapv.
Hcp tamjvSmhv hon \pgpIbdpIbpw hopSasb A{I
anpsImesSpphm {ianpIbpw sNpIbmsWn kzbw
kwcWn\pthn A{Iansb sImesNpIbmsWn AXv
IpamIpn.
Npcpn, dkq Xncpta\n (k)bpsS D kJmI
c km n I fmsSp Ibpw A_ e I fmb apkv enw h\n X
It]mepw AXn {Iqcambpw ss]imNnIambpw h[nsSpIbpw
41
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
sNbvX nXnbn A{IanIv in\tI _m[yXbns?
Atm Ckvemw \mamhtijambnocWsambncpp Am
lp hns CwKnXsan hmfns ]cm aiw Xs DZnpam
bncpn. Fm Ckvemw temIv hym]nWsapw temI
n\v Ckvemw aptJ\ tamw e`nWsapw Amlp Cn
ncpp. AXp sImv B Ahkcn Hcp {]Xntcm[ \S]Sn
FtmWw hmsfSpp. B k`n Ckvemw hmsfSpXv
GsXnepw \nbanttbm, aXnstbm, [nstbm
ImgvNmSn Bt]nsSmhX Fp Rm DsskvXcw
DtLmjnpp. Hcp Ihnfv ASnsImm at Ihnfpw
ImWnp sImSpWsa Aym]\w \Iphpw Atm
a ssIsImm km[npambncpn. IranIsf sImpXv
IqSn ]m]amsWv IcpXphpw a ssIsImphm km[y
ambncpn. B nXnbn Ckvemans\ Fn\mWv Bt]n
pXv.
Ckvemw hmfpsImmWv {]NcnXv Fv ]dbp A
cmb apkvenwI \nc]cm[nbpw \njvIf\pamb lZvdv dkq
Xncpta\nsXncn hymPmtcm]Ww \SpIbmsWpw Ckvem
ans\ A]am\npIbmsWpw hyamm Rm B{Klnpp.
Ckvemw Ftmgpw AXns ]cnip Aym]\fpw
Bob { ]`m h fp w A\p { K l fp w alXz fp w
ZrjvSmfpw aptJ\bmbncpp hym]nsXv HmpI. apl
Zv \_n (k)bpsS almb ZrjvSmfpw hnip [moI
KpWfpsS {]`mhfpamWv AXns\ hym]nnnXv. B ZrjvSm
fpw {]`m h fpw \nep t]mbn n . Hmtcm Ime pw
\hw\hfmb coXnbn Ah \ne\npt]mcpp. CmcW
memWv \psS \_n(k) Poh {]hmNI\msWp Rm
]dbpXv. ImcWw, dkq Xncpta\n(k)bpsS Aym]\fpw
amZi\fpw Fspw AhbpsS ^ew XpsImncnp
XmWv. `mhnbn Ckvemanv A`nhrn {]m]nWsan Cu
amamsX asmcp amhpw C Xs.
CkvemwaX {]NcWnmbn Hcnepw hmsfSps
42 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
SmXncns Ctm Ans\ NnnpXv Xs ]m]amWv.
ImcWw Cmev Fmhcpw Xs kam[m\nemWpXv.
XfpsS aXns {]NmcWnmbn ]eamfpw AXn
\p kwhn[m\fpw Ctm [mcmfw e`yamWv.
hfsc hyk \ sav ]d bs, {Inkv Xym \n Ifpw CXc
Bt]Icpw Ckvemans\ B{Ianptm bmYmysam
sWv Hcnepw {innn. Amev Fm FXncmfnIfpw
Ckvemans\bpw apkveowIsfbpw \innphm AXoh {im
ep fm bn cp p Fpw, Fm hcpw Hmbn tNp sImv
Ckv emans\ Xn cmbn ] Xn I Bhn jv I cn p Ibpw apkv enw
v ZpxJw \In sIm n cn p Ibpw sNbv Xn cp Xmbpw
AhdnbmhpXmWv. B ZpxJpw ZpcnXpanSbn
XfpsS Poh cnpIbmsX Ah asv sNm\mWv?
]cnipJpB\n Cu Bbv ImWsSpp.

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AXmbXv t{Zmln
Xcpw anXcpambhv {]Xntcm[ \S]Sn kzoIcnphm A\p
hmZw \Isncnpp. (22:40) apkvenwfpsS ta A{Iaw
AXncp Ihn Ahkcnembncpp {]Xntcm[ \S]Sn kzoI
cnphm\p Iev ]\ Amlphn \nv e`nncpXv Fv
CXn \npw a\nemhpp. B kabtp A\phmZam
bncpp AXv. av Ahkcn\p Iev]\ Bbncpn.
hmKv Z ako lns AS bm f ambn tcJ s Sp s n
pXv (bfD l_v) Fmbncpp. Atlw bpw sNp
X FXv Atlns kXyn\p Hcp ZrjvSmamWv.
AXn\p ImcWw CmeLn FXncmfnIfpw aX]camb
bp Dt]nncnpp FXmWv. Fm Cu FXnv
asmcp cq]hpw `mhhpw ssIsImncnpIbmWv. AXv t]\ D
]tbmKnv CkvemansXncmbn Bt] sXmSpv hnSpI
FXmWv. {InkvXym\nIfmsWn AhcpsS Hmtcm hmm
]{Xhpw AXn\mbncn]cw {]knoIcnpsImncnpp.
43
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
P\ Ckv eman \npw AIp t]mIpXn\mbn Ah
Atbw ]cn{ianpp. Atm AXns\ t\cnSpXn\mbn
\mw XqenI GpXn\p ]Icambn AspIbmtWm thXv?
Cu Ahkcn Bscnepw Ans\ IcpXppshn Ah
s\m henb hnVvVnbpw Ckvemans i{Xphpw amcmWpXv?
CXpsImv Ckvemanv Zpjvt]cv DmhpIbs sNpI? \psS
FXncmfnI kXynemXncpnpqSn C{]Imcw {]bXv\np
nsn, kXyn \nesImp \mw hmfns t]scSp
ppshn AXv F{Xam{Xw A`qXmhlhpw tJZIchpam
Wv. Cu Imev hmsfSpv ImWnv BtcmsSnepw apkam
\mhpI Asn \ns sImpIfbpw Fp `ojWnsSpp
IbmsWn AXns ^ew Fmbncnpw Fp t\mpI.
t]meokn\m ]nSnsv Abm hmfns cpNn Adnncnpw.
Ccw Nnm KXnI Atbw Akw _ amWv . Ahsb
a\n \npw FSpv IftbhbpamWv.
Ckvemans {]Imikqhpw kaXzkpchpamb ap
Jw ImWnpsImSpt kabamWnXv. Ckvemans {]Imi]q
cnXamb apJv Gns Ifw \opXnmbn AXn
sXncmbn sNsSp kh Bt]sfbpw ZqcoIcnt
k`amWnXv.
IqSmsX asmcpImcyhpw hfsc hyk\tmsS hy
amm Rm B{KlnpIbmWv. apkveowImbn Amlp
\Inb Ahkcsbpw, {InkvXpaX hnizmknIsf Ckveman
tev {]thinnp Xn mbn Am lp Xs Xpd p X
amKsbpw Ch tZmssjI ZrjvSnItfmSvIqSn honpIbpw
\ntj[npIbpw sNbvXncnpp.
Ckvemans\ hnPbnnpIbpw CXc aXfpsS ta
AXns\ AXnPbnnpIbpw sNpXn\mbp amKw ]q
ambpw Rms\s cN\IfneqsS ka]nncpp. Fs IrXn
I Atacnbnepw bqtdmnepw t]mIpp. ssZhZamb Iq
_p n \I s Cu kaqlw Imcy a\ n em p p.
Fm Hcp apkams apmsI CXv shp I bm sW n
44 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Abm DmZs\tmse tIm]w ]qv AbmfpsS hmbn \nv
\pcs]mpIbpw Fs sImesNm Xs Xp\nbpIbpw sNp
p. Fm hnipJpBs Aym]\w

8

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\coXnbn {]Xntcm[npI (41:35) FXmWv. i{Xp t]mepw
kuayhpw ks]cpamhpw aqew an{XfmIpIbpw, im
ntbmSpw kam[m\tmSpw IqSn Ahv Imcy {ihnp
m IgnbpIbpw sNpXnpw thnbnmWv Cu Aym]\w
\InbnpXv.
al X z ap S b h \mb Am lp hns t]cn BW bnv
Rm ]dbpp Rm Ah\n \nph\mWv. Rm Ip
sIpImct\m hyPt\m Asv Ah\v \hw Adnbmw.
Rm BWbnv ]dXns\bpw F\nv A\pIqeambn
Amlp {]ISamnsImncnp ASbmfsfbpw ZrjvSm
tfbpw IXnp tijhpw \n Fs Ims_pw Ip
sIvImcs\pw ]dbppshn, Amlphns t]cn Znh
khpw IpsIpIbpw hymPhmZw DbnpIbpw sNbvXnpw ssZh
klmbhpw kwcWhpw e`npsImncnp Hcp hyPhmZn
bpsS DZmlcWsanepw ImWnm km[nptam Fv Am
lphns t]cn BWbnv tNmZnpIbmWv. Acw hyPhm
Znsb Amlp \innpIbs thnbncpXv. Fm ChnsS
AXnsXncmb nXnbmWpXv!!
Rm kXymhm\msWpw Amlphn \nphh
\msWpw Ahs t]cn BWbnv ]dbpp. Fm Rm
IhmZnsbpw IpsIpImcs\pw ]dbsSpp. F\ns
Xncmbn kapZmb sImSp Fm tIpIfn \npw B]
pIfn \npw Amlp F\np klmbw \IpIbpw Fs
kwcnp sImncnpIbpw sNpp. am{Xa, eIWn
\v lrZbfn FtmSp kvt\lw Apcnnp sImp
Ahs klmbhpw F\nv e`nncnpp. Fs kXyn\p
ASnm\w CXmbncnpw;AXmbXv, Iw ]dbpIbpw, Am
lp hns t]cn Ip sI n d bp Ibpw sNbv X Xn p tijhpw
45
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Ccnep ssZhoI klmbw e`npIbpw, C{X Imewhsc
PohnncnpIbpw Fm Dtyiyfpw k^eoIcnsSpIbpw
sNbvX GsXnepw Hcp IhmZnsb \nv ImWnm
km[yamtWm?
ssZh\ntbmKnX, Ahmbn Amlp shfnsSppIbpw
Ahsc ]np W p Ibpw sNp Ccnep Zrjv Sm
fpw ssZhoI klmbfpw aqeamWv XncndnbsSpXv Fv
ZrVambpw a\nemnsImpI. Rm Fs hmZn kXy
hm\mWv. lrZbfntev ZrjvSn]Xnnp Amlphnv Fs
lrZbns AhIsf Ipdnv \mbndnbmw

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Fv ^n Hus IpSpw _ n s Hcm ]d Xv
t]msesbnepw \nv ]dpIqsS? (Atlw Hcp hymP
hmZnbmsWn AXns tZmj^ew Atln\p Xsbmbn
cnpw. AYhm Atlw kXyhmZnbmsWn Atlw \nv
apdnbnp \p Imcyfn NneXv \nsf _m[np
XmWv. (40:29)) Amlp AkXyhmmcpsS Ghpw henb i{Xp
hmsW Imcyn \nv ZrVhnizmkant? \n Fm
hcpw tNv Fs A{I an m Xsbpw Am lp hns
t{Im[w AXns\m F{Xtbm hepXs? Ahs t{Im[n
\nv BmWv csSpphm km[npI? Rm\ntm D
cn Bbn kqv amb Hcp aw IqSn ASnbncnpp
FImcyw kvahyamWv. AXmbXv hn]pIsfpdnp
{]hN\fn NneXv ]qoIcnpXmWv.ChnsS Fm {]
hN\fpw Fv ]dnn. AXnse bpn FmWv? hn]
pIsfpdnp {]hN\ tkm]m[nIamWv. Ccw {]h
N\ ]mm]w, CkvXnKv^m, kXyntep aSw
Fnhaqew \osSpXpamWv.
46 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
{]hN\w cv XcnemWpXv. Hv hAvZ (hmKvZm
\w) BWv . DZm l c W ambn Amlp ]d bp p .

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AXm
bXv \mamWo {]t_m[\{Kw CdnbXv. \mw Xs CXns\
kwc n p Ibpw sNp Xm Wv .(15:10). Cu ka bv Ah
Ckveman\v klmbhpw kwcWhpw \Ipnsn ]ns
GXhkcnemWv \tIXv? Cu ]Xn\memw \qmn _Zv
bpImev kwPmXamb Ah XsbmWv hncnpXv.
Amlp ]dbpp.

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\n
_elo\cmbncns _Zv dn Amlp Xobmbpw \nsf klm
bnncpp. (3:124)
Cu Bbnepw hmkvXhn Hcp {]hN\w ASnbn
pv. AXmbXv lnPvdns ]Xn\memw \qmn Ckveman\v
_elo\Xbpw Zu_eyhpw hcptm Amlp Xs kwc
W hmKvZm\a\pkcnv AXns\ klmbnpXmWv. Ans\
Ah Ckvemans\ klmbnpshn AXn\n{X ApXsSp
hms\mWpXv. Fs t]cv Ims_pw Zmsepw sh
sXnepw Fs ta hymPmtcm]Ww \SpXnepw F\nv
]cnXm]an. F\nv aphXcn {]hmNImtcmSpw A\phn
s \bhpw s]cpamhpw Xs FtmSpw A\phns
tSXmhiyamWv. Cu k\mX\ Ncybn \npw F\npw ]v
e`n tnbncpp. Fm Acnep B] p I fn
\npw apko_pIfn \npw Hcp hn[nep ]pw Rm
hlnnn. \psS t\Xmhpw bPam\\pamb lZvdv aplZv
\_n(k) Xncpta\nv klntn h coXnbnep B]p
Ifpw {]bmkfpw CXc {]hmNImcn Bpw Xs kln
tnhnn. Ckveman\p thn B almmhn\v klntn
h ZpxJ sfbpw Ijv S m Sp I sfbpw tcJsSppXn
\npw XqenIbpw hnhcnpXn \nv \mhpw AiamWv.
52 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
CXn \npXs Balmmhv F{Xam{Xw alXzapSbh\pw
{]Xm]hm\pw BsWp a\nemm km[npXmWv. Am
lphns ]npWbpw klmbhpw AtltmsSw Dmbncp
n s n Cu {]bm k fpsS ]Xw At l n\v
hlnhm km[npambncpn. Fm C{Xb[nIw IjvS
m Sp Ifpw ZpxJ fpw klnv {]N cn n s Ckv em ans
Cs Ahsbpdnv Rms\v hnhcnm\mWv?
Ckvemw F hmns Aw Xs ssZhkvt\l
nepw A\pkcWnepw kzbw AWw sNpI FmWv.
Hcm Sns Igpv Iim p Im cs apn kan s Sp
Xpt]mse Hcp apkams Igpv Amlphnt\mSp A\p
kcWnmbn Ahs apmsI kansSWw. AXns
Dtiyw Amlp am{XamWv GIs\pw Ah\v Hcp ]pImc\pw
Cspw hnizknpI FXmWv.
lZvdv dkq Icow (k) BKXcmbncp Imev Cu
XuloZv Xntcm[m\w sNsncpp. Cu \mSpw _nw_fmepw
hn{Klfmepw \ndsncpp. ]WvUnv Zbm\ kckzXnbpw
Cu bmYmyw Gp]dncpp. Acw koamb Ime
Ln B almmhns BKa\w A\nhmcyambncpp. AtX
t]mep Hcp ImeLamWv CXv. Cv _nw_mcm[\tbmsSmw
a\pjymcm[\bpw \ncoizchpw hym]nncnpp. Ckvemans
bYm Dtiyhpw Bmhpw Cv Ahtijnpn. AXns
ImXembhiw ssZhkvt\ln AnXampIbpw Ahs\
pSmsX asmcmcm[y\psp IcpXmXncnpIbpw sNpI
FXmWv. Amlphntev am{Xw {i]Xnnph\pw `uXo
IXbntev NmbmXncnph\pambn a\pjy amdpI FXmWv
CXns eyw.
Cu ey{]m]vXnmbn Ckvemw AXns Ay]\
sf cmbn Xncnncnpp. Hv lpJqJpmlv, asmv lpJq
Jp C_mZv. lJpJpmlv Fm Amlphns\ ]qambpw
A\pkcnstSXmsWv IcpXpI. lpJq Jp C_m Zv
FXpsImv AampXv ssZhns ASnbmdpItfmSv
53
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
A\pIm]qw s]cpamdpI FXmWv. GsXnepw Hcp aX
tmSp FXnv \nanw Bscsbnepw ZpxJnnpI F
amw icnbmbX. A\pIbpw \ s]cpamhpw thsdImcy
amWv. Fm aXknmtfmSp FXnv asmcp Imcyw.
Pnlm Zn s\ p dnv sXmb hnizmkhpw Zp[m c Wbpw
DsIm apkvenwIfns] Hcp hn`mKw IcpXpXv Ahnizm
kn I fpsS [\w A\ymbambn ssIempXv A\p h Z \n
bamsWmWv. Fspdnpw Cu Iq ^Xvh \Inbncnp
Xv Fs apXepw sImbSnpXv A\phZ\obamsWpw
am{X a ChcpsS `mcy am scbpw ]nSnpsImp t]mIpI
FXpamWv. Fm Ckveman Cu coXnbnep Ahnip
amb Aym]\ CXs. AXv Ghpw ]cnipamb Hcp
]pWyaXamWv. Ckvemans DZmlcWw \mw C{]Imcw Xcmhp
XmWv. AXmbXv Hcp ]nXmhv Xs asf kvt\lnpXv
t]mse k Xn In S bn ep w ]ckv ]cw kv t\lhp w
kulmhpw DmtIWsav Abm B{Klnpp. Hcm
asmcmsf h[nWsav Abm B{Klnpn. Amlphn\v
Hcp ]pImc\pw C Fv Ckvemw CnptXmsSw a\pjy
Ipew ]ckv]c kvt\l kulmnepw sFIyXbnepw hn
tWsapw AXv Cnpp. \akvmcw PamAtmSv IqSn
A\pjvTnm A[nIw ]pWywe`npw Fp ]dXns Xmev]
cyw ]c kv ]cw sFIyhp w GI Xm `m hhp w kwPm X am
IpsaXpsImmWv. Cu GIXm`mhs {]mhnIamp
Xnmbn \akvmcnp hcnhcnbmbn \nptm Imep
Ifpw tXmfpIfpw ]ckv]cw tbmPnnp t\sc\nv hcnIfn
hfhnmsX Hmbn tNv \np sImv \akvIcntWsav
Ckvemw XmoXv sNpp. CXns Dtiyw Ans\ Htc Hcp
a\pjys (Camans) Iev]\ A\pkcnpIbpw Hcmfnep
Bob ssNX\yw aphcn kw{IanpIbpw sNpI F
XmWv. Atm Hcp hn[nep Zpc`nam\nsbpw kzm
Xmev]cynsbpw hnthN\w XsbpmIpn. a\pjy\n
ap h cpsS BssNX\yw DsIm p hm \p Ignhpw
Duhpw Ds Imcyw \m bn tmp I. Znh khpw
54 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Apt\cw albnep ]nbnepw Bgvbn Hcn ]
Wnep ]nbnepw hjnsemcn CuZv Kmlnepw \a
kvmcn\mbn Hcpanp tNcWsapw apgptemI apkvenwfpw
hjn Hcp {]mhiyw ss_pmlv ico^n Hp tNc
W sa pw I]nsncnpsXmw Cu sFIyw \ne
\npI F DtiytmSpIqSnbmWv.
Amlp a\pjy\v cv hn[nep _m[yXIfmWv Npa
XesSpnbncnpXv. Hv lpJqJpmlv asmv lpJqJp
C_mZv. CXp kw_ambn [mcmfw hnipJpB\n {]Xn]m
Znnpv. HcnSv Amlp ]dbpp.

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\nfpsS ]nXm
sf \n kvacnpXpt]mse AYhm AXnepap]cnbmbn
\n Amlphns\ kvacnpI. (2:201) ChnsS cv kqN\I
fmWpXv. Hv ssZhkvacWsb ]nXmtfmSp kvacWbmbn
kmZriysSpnbncnpp. CXnep clkyw ]nXmtfmSp
kvt\lw hyn]cambpw kzm`mhnIambpw D kvt\lamWv.
t\mpI, HcpIpnsb AXns D ASnptm Atmgpw
Ah D D Fp ]dmWv \nehnfnpXv. AtX{]Imcw
Cu Bb n Amlp \apv Xcp Aym ]\w, Ah
Amlphnt\mSv kzm`mhnIamb kvt\l_w ]peWsam
Wv. Cu kvt\lw kwPmXamhpIbmsWn ssZhIev]\ A\p
kcnpXv Hcp kzm`mhnIamb {]IrXambn XocpXmWv. a\p
jy Fnttc aueoIamb Znhym\ns m\am
WnXv. AXmbXv, CXn Amlphnt\mSp kzm`mhnIhpw hyn
]chpamb kvt\lw DSseSppp. asmcp ev Amlp
]d bp p.

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Cu
hN\n a\pjy\pmbncnt aqv AhIsfpdnv
{]Xn]mZnpp. Hmas Ah (AZv) \oXn]pepI
FmWv. AZv Fm {]Xn^ew hmnsImv \sNpI.
Ccn \sNpXv Dahpw t{ijvThpambn ]dbs
55
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
SmhpX FImcyw hyamWv. adnv Ghpw XmWcoXnbn
ep ImcyamWv AZ sNpI FXv.
Cu Ahbn \nv ]ptcmKXn {]m]nv Clvkm F
Ahbn Fntcpp. AXmbXv {]Xn^teIqSmsX \
sNpI. Fm Xn sNpht\mSv \ sNpI, Bscnepw
Hcp IhnfSnm atIhnfpw ImWnv sImSppI F{]h
WX icnb Ftm asmcp hmn ]dm s]mXphn
Cu Aym ]\w {]mhnI a Ftm ]dbmw . kAZn
]dbpp.

.., r ,, ., . .
Ckv emw {]Xn {Inb \S ] Snsb kw_ nv \Inbnp
t{ijvTamb Aym]\s CXcaXv FXncnSphm km[n
pX. AXnXmWv:

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AXmbXv Xnp {]Xn^ew Xpeyamb XnbmWv. Fm
amp \I kwkvIcWn\v tlXpambnocpsan amp
sN p I.(40:41)Ckv emw sXv s]mdp p Xn \p Aym ]\w
\Ippsnepw AXpsImv Xn hnmXncnm {in
pp.
Npcpn AZvev\ptijap cmas m\w Clvkm
\m Wv . AXm bXv Hcp {]Xn ^ te bpw IqSmsX \ sN p I.
Fm CXn Hcp hn[nep kzmX ASnbncnpp.
GsXnepw Hcp k`n a\pjy Cu HuZmcys FSpp
]dbm XpS p p. AXp sImv CXn t\ m D] cn bmbn
\Ip Aym]\w (CuXmCZn Jpdp_m) FXmWv. AXm
bXv Xs _ptfmSp sNpcoXnbn \sNpI F
XmWv. DZmlcWambn Hcp amXmhv Xs Ipnt\mSv \sNp
Xv AXn \nv h {]Xn^etam km\tam _lpaXntbm
B{KlnpsImpX. Xs Ipnt\mSv \sNpXv {]Ir
Xymbp kvt\lhnImc hmbvt]msSbmWv. \o \ns Ipn\v
]m sImSpcpsXpw As\ B Ipv A{isImv ac
56 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
W s Sp I bm sW n \n\ smcp inbpw \I s Sp X
spw adnv \n\v D]lmcw \IsSpXmsWpw GsX
nepw `cWm[nImcn HcptbmSv ]dbpIbmsWn Ah B
I ev ]\ A\p k cnpX sp am{X a , Abmsf Xs
Ip n s i{ Xp shp Icp Xn Abmsf No hn fn
pIbmbncnpw sNpI. CXns ImcWw Ah hyn]camb
kvt\lw sImmWv Ans\ sNpXv. AmsX Ahv
asmcp kzm Xmev]cyhpw DmIpX.
Ckvemw \Ip Ghpw DXamb Aym]\amWnXv.
Cu hN\w Amlphnt\mSp ISmSpw krjvSnItfmSp IS
mSpw Hcpt]mse DsImp HmWv. Amlphnt\mSp IS
m Sns\ kw_ n S tmfw Cu Bb ns hnh nXw,
\nsf krjvSnpIbpw ]cn]menpIbpw sNp Amlp
hns\ \oXn\njvTamb coXnbn Bcm[npIbpw A\pkcnp
Ibpw sNpI FXmWv. Amlphns\ A\pkcnpI F
Ahbn \nv ]ptcmKXn {]m]nv HuZmcyhnImctmSpIqSn
A\pkcnpI F cmas Ahsb {]m]npI. ImcWw
Amlp aplvkn AYhm HuZmcyhm\mIpp. Ahs HuZmcy
sf Bpw Xs Fn Xn s Sp m km[np X .
Ahs HuZmcysf ]cnKWnpXv sImv Ahs HuZmcy
\hw \hfmbn \nesImpp.
Clvkm Fhmn\v lZvdv dkqIcow (k) Acp
sNbvX Hcp \nhN\w \o Amlphns\ IvsImncnpp
F\nebn Ahs\ Bcm[npI, Asn Ipd]w
Amlp \ns Iv sImncnpp F \nebn Ahs\
Bcm[npI FXmWv. Cu Ahbnepw a\pjy\n Hcp ad
DmbncnpXmWv.
Fm CXn\ptijap aqmasLw CuXmCZn
Jp_m bpsSXmWv . AXm bXv Am lp hn t\mSv hyn ] c amb
kvt\lw kwPmXamIpp. ASnbmdpItfmSp ISmSpIsfp
dnv AXns Aw BZyw Xs {]Xn]mZnncpp. hnip
JpB \apv XXv t]mep Cu Aym]\w asmcp {K
57
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
nepw \apv ImWm km[ya FImcyhpw Rm {]Xn]m
ZnpIbpmbn. ashnsSbpw HcpZmlcWhpw ImWsSm ]cn
]q Aym]\amWv hnipJpB ChnsS \IpXv. A
XmbXv

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Xnp {]Xn^ew Xpey
amb inbmWv. (42:41)
CuhN\n HcmfpsS sXv s]mdpsSen\p \n_
\bmbn ]dnpXv B sXv sNbvX BfpsS kwkvIcW
amWv. Fm blqZaXw ]dbpXv In\p]Icw Ipw ]n\p
]Icw ]pw FmWv. Cu Aym]\ns ^eambn Ahcn
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Xm\ptinp
sXpw Ah {]hnph\mWv.(85:17)
apkveosf! HmpsImpI. Amlp FneqsS \nv
Cu kphm AdnbnncnpIbmWv. Rm Fs ktiw
Fnncnpp. AXv {ihnpXpw {ihnmXncnpXpw
\nfpsS CjvSamWv. lZvdv Cukm\_n(A) acnp t]mbn
pp FXv XnIpw kXyamWv. hmKvZm\w sNs B
Xm\msWv Amlphns t]cn Rm BWbnv ]dbpIbm
Wv. Ckvemans PohnXw Cukm\_nbpsS acWnemWv DXv
FXpw Hcp Dd kXyamWv.
Cu {]iv \s Ipdnv Nnn p I bm sW n AXv
{InkvXp aXns ]cyhkm\w IpdnpXmsWv \nv
a\nemm km[npXmWv. CXp {InkvXpaXns ASn
m\ kvXq]amIpp. CXntaemWv Cu aXns sInSw
66 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Xs \ne\npXv. CXns\ hogm A\phZnpI. Fs
FXncmfnI ssZh`btmSpw XJvhtbmSpw IqSn Cu {]iv\w
ssIImcyw sNbvXncppshn Cu {]iv\w hfsc hyamb
coXn bn ]cn l cn s ts\. Fm {IqcX ssIsh
SnpsImv kwXr]vXn t\Sm\p DtiytmSvIqSn Bm
ambn Fs kao]n HcmfpsS t]scnepw ]dbpI. Fs
t]cp ]cmainsSptm Xs hmbn \nv \pcbpw ]X
bpw hcnIbpw Ak`yw ]pepIbpw sNp AhbmWv Ah
cptSXv. Cu coXnbn Bsnepw kXyw kzmbamphm
km[nptam?
Rm AhcpsS apmsI hnipJpBs kv]jvSamb sXfn
hpI kanpp. lZokv shpp. klm_mfpsS CPvam
Av(GIIWvTamb A`n{]mbw) AhcpsS apmsI kanpp.
Fm Cu hm p I Hpw {ihn msX Im^n Im^n,
Zm Zm Fpw apw apdhnfn IqnsImncnpp.
akolv Poht\mSv IqSn BImiv Ibdntmbncnpp Fv
\n JpB\n \npw m]nv IWnpI Fpw dkq
Xncpta\n (k) D]cntemIv I ZriynsXncmbn h sX
fnhpw ImWnpI Fpw lZvdv A_q_dns kmny
n lZvdv dkq Xncpta\n(k)bpsS hntbmKmhkcn
Dmb klm_mfpsS Hmas CPv amCsXncmbn h
sXfnhpw ImWnphm km[nptam Fpw tNmZnm Dcan.
Ah km \ Im ev BK X \m Ip ako ln_v \p adnbw
AtX Ckvdmbo {]hmNI\sn hcm\ncnp Bv Cu
t]cv Fn\v \Isp Fp Nne apdhnfn Iqpp. Cu
Bt]w F{Xam{Xw hnVnXzamsWv Rm tNmZnpp. Ap
Icsap ]dbs, Cu Bt]Iv XfpsS afpsS t]cv
aqk, Cuk, ZmhqZv, AlvaZ,v C{_mlow, CkvamCu Fsms
shm hp Xm Wv . Fm Amlp Bcp sS sb nepw t]cv
Cukm Fp shpIbmsWn AXv Chv Bt]Icam
Wv. hcm\ncnp hmKvZakolns\mw ASbmffpw ZrjvSm
fpw Dtm FXmWv ChnsS {int Imcyw. Ahv
67
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
Cu AS bm f fpw Zrjv Sm fpw a\ n em m km[n n
cppshn \ntj[nphm\p ss[cyw DmIpambncpp.
Fm Ah Hcp hn[nep ASbmftfbpw ssZhoI
klmbtfbpw ]cnKWnn. adnp hmZw tIam{Xbn AX
Im^n, \o Im^n BsWp ]dbpIbmWpmbXv.
{]hmNImcpsSbpw ssZh\nbpcpsSbpw kXyw Xncn
dnbpXnv AhcpsS ApXfpw ASbmffpw Xs aXn
bmbXmsWXmWv \nbXn\nbaw. F{]Imcsam Khsan
\npw GsXnepw Hcp DtZymK \nbansSpIbmsWn
Abmv Xncndnbm\p ASbmfw \IsSpp. AtX{]
Imcw ssZh\nbpcmbhsc XncndnbpXnpw ASbmffp
v. Amlp Fs kXyn\v kmyfmbn Htm ctm
Ccpqtdm A, eIWnv ASbmf shfnsSpnbn
cnppshv Rm hmZnpp. Cu ASbmf Bcpw Adn
bmX. {]XypX eWnv BfpI AXn\v kmnI
fmWv . Cu kt f \ nepw \qdpIW n ep kmn I
Dmhmw Fv F\nv ]dbphm km[npw. BImip \npw
F\nmbn ZrjvSm {]Xyambn. `qanbn \npw shfn
sp. Fs hmZhpambn _sXpw ]qhoI {]hmNImcpw
lZvdv aplZv \_n(k) Xncpta\nbpw apIqn {]hNnXpamb
B ASbmf ]qnbmbn. DZmlcWambn Ahbn Hv
\n Fmhcpw Incnp kqcyN{{KlWw F ASbm
famWv. alvZo akolns Imev daZm amkn kqcy\pw
N{\pw {KlWapmhpXmsWv klolmb lZokn ap
dnbnv \Isncpp. Cu ASbmfw ]qnbmtbm Ctbm
Fv \n Xs ]dpXcnI. Xm Cu ASbmfw Inn
Fv Bsnepw ]dbphm km[nptam?
AtX{]Imcw B Imev tKv ]mfpIfn Ggmfp
I F tXmXn acWsSpw hw ITn\ambn hym]npXm
sWpw {]hNnsnpv. Cu tKns ASbmfw {]ISambn
ptm Ct Fv \n Xs ]dbpI. Amev HIw
Dt]nsSpwhw ]pXnb ]pXnb hml\ {]XysSp
sapw tcJsnpv. Xohn apXemb hml\ aqew Cu
68 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
ASbmfhpw ]qnbmbns? } Rms\{X ImWv Chsbms
hnhcntXv ? ASbmffpsS henb Hcp irwJe Xs Chn
sS ImWsSpp.
C\n Nnnmepw! hmZnbmb Rm Zmsepw Ihm
Znsbpw ap{ZIpsSpIbpmbn. Fnpw Hcp hymPhmZnbmb
F\n mbn C{X b [nIw AS bm f ]qo I cn s SpI
FXv ApXw Xs. Rm\msX asmcmfmWv htcsX
n ]ns B Bv FSbmfamWv AhtijnpI? Aev]
sanepw \oXn ImWnq. Amlphns\ `bsSpI. Amlp
GsXnepw hymPhmZnsb Cn[w klmbnmdptm? F\n
sXncn hhscmw ]cmPnXcmbn FImcyw ApXas?
GsXmw B]pIfnepw A]ISfnepamWv Fs FXncmfn
I Fs NmSn m Xp\n n cp Xv Ah bn \nsmw
Amlp Fs kpcnX\mbpw DtZiykm^eyw e`nh\mbpw
csSpn. hymPmtcmSv Amlp Cs\bmtWm s]cpam
dpI Fv kXyw sNbvXv Bscnepw ]dbs.
Fs FXnp sImncp Deamv Fp]n
Fp Rm ]cnXm]sSpIbmWv. Ah hnipJpB\pw lZo
kpIfpw FpsImv k{iw ]mcmbWw sNpn. CXn\p
apv Ignpt]mb Dnse almmsfmw Xs hmKvZ
akolns BKa\w (lnPvd hjw) ]Xn\memw \qmmsWv
]dp sImncpp F Imcyw Ah Adnbpns? Fm
Znhy Zi I cpsS Zi \ fpw ChnSw hsn \npp.
hmKvZ akolns BKa\w ]Xn\memw \qmn\pdw t]mIn
Fv lnPPpIndma F {Kw hyambn tcJsSppp.
h\yarKIqSn A`bw tXSnb \qmmWv ]Xnaqmw \qm
spw ]Xn\memw \qmv A\p{KloX \qmmbncnpsapw
Ch Xs andpIfn Ibdn \npsImv {]kwKnp sImn
cp p. Fm FmWv Dm bXv ? ]Xn \memw \qm n
hmKvZm\w sNs Camanv ]Icambn hXv Hcp hymPhmZn
bmWv!! Fp am{Xa, Abmsf ]nmnsImv BbncW
n\v, eIWn\v ASbmf {]XyspsImncpp.
Amlp ~Hmtcm cwKpw FXnnepw Abmsf klm bn p
69
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
sImncpp. Cu Imcysfpdnv Aw Nnnv adp]Sn ]d
bpI. hmbsImv Fsnepw ]dbpI FXv FfpamWv.
Fm Amlphns\ `bv sImv kwkmcnpI FXv {]bm
kIcamWv.
CXpIqSmsX Cu Imcyw IqSn {itbamWv. Amlp Hcp
hymPhmZnpw IpsIpImc\pw lZvdv dkq Xncpta\n(k)v
e`nXnepw D]cn Ime]cn[n \IpX. F\nv Ctm 67
hbmbn. Fs \ntbmKnX ImeLw 23 hjn A[nI
ambn. Rm bYmn Hcp hymPhmZnbmbncppshn Amlp
Cu {]m\s C{Xb[nIw \onsmp t]mIpambncpn.
\nfpsS BKa\w sImv Fp {]tbmP\amWv Dm
bXv Fv Nne tNmZnpp. Hmp sImpI, Fs hchnv
cv DtiyfmWv DXv. HmaXv Ckveman\pta CXcaX
v Cpmb hnPbw CmXmpI FXmWv. Cv CXc
a X scmw Ckv em ans\ Imp Xnp sIm n cn p I bm Wv .
Cv Ckvemw Ghpw Zp_e\mb A\mY iniphns\tmse
Bbncnpp. hymPaXfpsS B{IaWfn \npw Ckvem
ans\ kwcnphm\pw Ckvemans inamb sXfnhpI
fmepw ZrjvSmfmepw AXns kXys sXfnbnphm\pw
BWv Cu Imev Amlp Fs \ntbmKnncnpXv. Cu
ASbmf {]amW]camb sXfnhpI am{Xa, Ckvemans\
_esSpphm\pw klmbnphm\pw Bbn Ftmgpw {]Xy
spsImncnp ssZhoI {]Imifpw A\p{KlfpamWv.
\n ]mXncnamcpsS dntmpI hmbnpIbmsWn
Ah Ckv em an s Xn cmbn Fs smw ko I c W fpw
Gm Sp I fpw BWv Hcp n sIm n cn p sXpw Ah cpsS
Hmtcm ]{XamknIbpw F{XsbamWv {]knoIrXambnsImn
cnpsXpw a\nemmhpmWv. Cu nXnbn Ckvem
anv inbpw ]ptcmKXnbpw \tIXv hfsc Bhiyhpw A\n
hmcyhpamWv. Cusbmcp Dtiy\nhlWnmbnmWv Amlp
Fs \ntbmKnncnpXv. Ckvemanv hnPbw e`npI Xs
sNpw Fv Rm DsskvXcw DtLmjnpIbmWv. AXns
70 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
eW IpXpSnbncnpp. Fm Hcp Imcyw kXy
amWv. Cu hnPbnmbn hmfnstbm tXmnstbm Bhian
. Amlp Fs Bbp[tfmSpIqSnb \nbp\mnbncn
pXv. As\ IcpXpbm Ckvemans hnUvVnbmb KpW
ImwnbmWv.
aXns ]caamb eyw lrZbsf IogvsSppIbm
Wv. Cu eyw hmsImv t\SnsbSpphm km[ya. lZvdv
dkqIcow (k) hmsfSpncpXv Rm ]ehpcp hyamn
bncpXv t]mse, kzbw kwcWn\pw {]Xntcm[npw
thn am{Xambncpp. AXpw FXncmfnIfpsSbpw i{XpfpsSbpw
B{I a W fpw a\ fpw koam Xo X ambn hn p Ibpw
apkveofpsS cw sImv `qan sNmbamsSpIbpw sNbvX
tm am{Xambncpp. Npcpn Fs BKat\mtiyw A\y
aXfpsS ta Ckvemanv hnPbw \IpI FXmWv.
cmas BKat\mtiyw CXmWv. X \akvImcw
A\pjvTnpIbpw CXc I sNpIbpw sNpp Fv
P\ ]dbpp. Fm CXv shdpw \mhpsImp KW\
am{XamWv. Fm AXnmbn Ckvemans Igpw thcpw
Bb Bobm\p`qXn Ahcn kwPXamt Bhiyapv.
GXphsc lZvdv A_q_ (d), Da (d), Dkvam(d), Aen (
d) FnhcpsS \ndw kzmbampntbm AXp hsc Bcpw
Xs bYm apAvan\pw apkam\pw Bbnocpn Fm
Wv Rm IcpXpXv. Ah temIs kvt\lnh Bbncp
n. {]XypX Ah XfpsS PohnXsf Amlphns Xncp
k n n bn kan h cm bn cp p. Fm Ctm Fmw
Xs Zpbmhnv thn am{XapXmbn XoncnpIbmWv.
Amlphnmbnv Hpw Ahtijnnnm coXnbn P\
`uXoIXbn apgpInbncnpIbmWv. hym]mcamIs, sInS\nm
WamIs Fmw Xs Zpbmhnv thn am{XapXmbn Xon
cnpp. Fp am{Xa \akvIcnpIbpw {hXa\pjvTnpIbpw
sNpXv IqSn Zpbmhn\v thn am{XapXmbn Xoncnp
IbmWv. euIoIcpsS kmao]yw e`npXnmbnmWv Fmw
71
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
A\pjvTnpXv. Fm aX]camb {i Aev]w t]mepw C.
Ckv em ans kzoIm cy Xbpw kzoI c Whpw CXv am{X am sW
mtWm IcpXsSpXv FImcyw Hmtcm Bpw a\nem
tXpv. AX DXamb assnepw BtWm eyam
bnpXv?
Hcp hnizmkn hnipoIcnsSpIbpw Ahcn ae
pIfpsS kz`mhKpW \ndsSpIbpw sNpsapw Rm
a\nempp. ssZhoIkmao]yw IcKXamIpX\pkcnv Abm
ssZh`mjWw tIp Bfpw AXn \npw Xr]vXn AS
bp Bfpw Bbnocpp. Xo m\w e`yamtWm Fv
\nfn Hmtcm Bfpw Xs lrZbn Nnnv t\ms.
\n shdpw sXmenbnepw ]pdwtamSnbnepw kwXr]vXcmbncn
pIbmsWv kXyambpw ]dbpp. hmkvXhn CXv Hpa
. Amlp IgmWnjvSsSpXv.
Npcpn Fs BKat\mtiyw ]pdv \nv Dm
Ip Ckv emansXncnep B{IaWsf {]Xntcm[npI
FtXmsSmw apkveofn Ckvemans Bmhpw AXns
bmYmyhpw kwPmXampIbpw sNpI FXmWv. Rm
B{KlnpXv apkveofpsS lrZbfn Amlphnv ]I
cambn IpSn sImp euIoIamb hn{Kl Nnn NnXdn
tmtIWsamWv. Cu hn{Klw ImcWw AhcpsS Fmhn[
nep {]XoIfpw hgpIfpw kam[m\ DSSnIfpw Fmw
Xs temI np thn am{Xambn cn pp. AXns\ DSv
AhnsS Amlphns amlmyhpw Ahs {]Xm]hpw Ah
cpsS lrZbfn \ne\npIbpw As\ Cuams hrw
\hw \hfmbn ^e \IpXpambnocWw. Ctm
hrns _mlycq]w am{XamWpXv. Fm bYm
hrw ImWsSpn. bYm hrspdnv Amlp ]d
bpp.
72 ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw

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(Amlp Hcp D]a(]cn]qhpw ]cniphpamb Hcp hr
ns DZmlcWw) Fs\ hnhcnncnpp Fv \o Int?
AXm bXv ]cn ip h N\w ]cn ip hr s tm se bm Wv .
AXns ASnthcv Ddp \npXpw AXns imJI BIm
iv Dbp \nphbpw BWv. AXv Xs \mYs Iev]
\{]Imcw Ftmgpw ]pXp^e \InsImncnpp(14:25,26)
F{]ImcamWv Amlp ]cnip hN\ns (]cn]q
aXns) DZmlcWw hnhcnpXv Fv \oIns ? B
]cnip hN\w ]cniphrw t]msebmWv. AXns ASn
thcpI Ddp \npp. AXns imJI BImimWp
Xv. Hmtcm kabpw ssZhIev]\b\pkcnv AXv Xs ^ew
XpsImncnpp. Akveplm km_np AXns ASnthcv
Ddp \npp FXpsImv AXns hnizmk]camb knm
m]nXhpw kpZrVhpw BsWmWv Dtiyw. AXv
kpZrV hnizmkns m\w hsc FpXpw kZmkabhpw
Xs ^e XpsImncnpIbpw sNpXpw BIpp.
Hcnepw B hrw ipjvInpt]mIpn.
Fm Ctm nXn CXmsWv ]dbm ]ptam?
Ctm Hcp Bob Kpcphns BhiysamsWv [mcmfw
t] tNmZnpp. X\nv Hcp `njKzcsbpw Bhiyansv
]dbp tcmKn F{Xam{Xw hnVnamWv ]dbpXv? X\nv Hcp
tUmIvSdpsSbpw Bhiyan Fp IcpXp Hcp tcmKnbpsS ]cy
hkm\w acWamsX asmWv. Ctm apkveo Akvew
73
ep[nbm\ {]`mjWw
\m(R apkamam BWv) F ]cn[nbnemWv DsX
nepw Bam (R apAvan\ofmWv) F ]cn[nbn CXp
hsc {]thinnn. Hcmob {]Imiw Dsn am{Xsa CXv
km[yamhpIbpq.
Npcpn Cu ImcyfpsS \nhlWn\pthn
bmWv Rm \ntbmKnsncnpXv. AXp sImv Fs Imcy
n Fs hymPsSppXn [rXn ImWnmXncnpI.
{]XypX Amlphns\ `bsSpIbpw ]m]nv aSpIbpw
sNpI. ImcWw ]m]nphcpsS _pnv IqaXbpm
Ipp. tKns ASbmfw hfsc B]Icamb ASbmfamWv.
CXns\pdnv Amlp Fs C{]Imcw Adnbnncnpp.

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GXv
hsc P\ Xfn Hcp ]cnh\w hcppnsbm Xm\pw
Hcp amhpw hcppX Fv Amlp ]dbpp. (13:12) CXv
Amlphns hN\amhpp. Amlphns t]cn IpsIn
]dbphs ta im]apv. P\ XfpsS lrZbfn
Hcp amw hcpnbm am{Xsa Xm\pw Xs Dtiyn amw
hcppIbpp Fv Amlp ]dbpp. AXpsImv Amlp
hns\ `bsSpI. Ahs t{Im[tbpw `bsSpI. Bcpw Bcp
tSbpw DchmZn BIpX. Hcp km[mcW tIpmbm
Xs P\ hnizX ImWnpn. ]ns BJndns\
pdnv Fp {]Xoshm\mWv. BJndns\pdnv Amlp

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(17: 94) CXns
Dt iymw CXmWv . \o ]d bpI, Amlp Xm sNbv X
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CkvdmCu k
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F\npw \npw CSbn kmnbmbn Amlp aXn
Cu {Kns Adnhv kmZnhcpw (13:44)
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Ah XfpsS ]p{Xmsc XncndnbpXv t]mse Ah Cu
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bpsS A`n{]bhpw CXp XsbmWv.
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knmXncnpambncptm? Fs ssIhiw Hcp blqZ ]WvUn
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lcWhpw CXs. CtmgmsWn HscmgnIgnhpw Ahti
jnpn. Cukmakolns acWw JpB\n \npw m]n
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p. IqSmsX hnipJpB\nepw lZoknepw anpw (\nfn
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Fs kXyn\p kmyambn BbncWnepw eIW
nepw ASbmf {]ISambncnpp. Ctmgpw Bscnepw
FsIqsS 40 Znhkw hpXmaknpIbmsWn Abm pw
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XmWv.
teJvdmans ASbmfhpw almsbmcp ASbmfamWv.
Rm\mWv Abmsf sImesNnXv Fv hnUvVnI ]dbpp.
Cu Bt]w icnbmsWn CXp t]mep ASbmftfbpw
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