UNIT OPERATIONS LABORATORY

CM4110
COURSE HANDBOOK
and
SYLLABUS
Department of Chemical Engineering
Michigan Technological University
Houghton, Michigan
August 2006
Updated 8/15/2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Preface................................................................................................................................iii
Introduction..........................................................................................................................1
Course Objectives ..........................................................................................................1
Procedures, Policies, and Rules...........................................................................................2
I. Laboratory Safety Program.............................................................................2
II. Engineering Teams.........................................................................................2
III. Laboratory Experiments..................................................................................3
IV. Experiment Portfolios.....................................................................................4
V. Pre-Laboratory Preparations...........................................................................5
VI. Laboratory Procedures....................................................................................9
VII. Executive Summary Report..........................................................................10
VIII. Attendance Rules..........................................................................................12
IX. Grading Policies............................................................................................13
X. Miscellaneous...............................................................................................14
XI. Required Text................................................................................................15
XII. Teaching and Support Staff..........................................................................16
List of Appendices
Appendix A Report Writing Guidelines for CM4110....................................................17
Appendix B Course Calendar Fall 2005.......................................................................19
Appendix C Grade Reporting Form ...............................................................................21
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PREFACE
The CM4110 Unit Operations Laboratory course provides chemical engineering students at
Michigan Technological University with a unique opportunity, unparalleled at any university.
You will apply the principles learned in the first three years of your studies to the operation of a
variety of pilot-plant scale chemical process equipment. You will work as a member of an
engineering team carrying out activities that are typical for engineers involved in process
development, manufacturing, and technical support.
Your work will involve:
Planning a program of experiments to satisfy a particular objective;
Executing the planned experiments safely;
Analyzing the results obtained from the experiments;
Reporting the results in oral and written form.
Your engineering team efforts should be performed in a spirit of teamwork and collaborative
learning. The course structure will also provide many opportunities to develop your leadership
and professional communication skills while you refine your understanding of the discipline.
An important aspect of your laboratory experience is developing a safety-conscious work
attitude. As a chemical engineer, you must be aware of the potential impact of any action on
yourself, your co-workers, on the equipment you are operating, on the surrounding community,
and to the environment. During the 1988/1989 academic year, the students in Unit Operations
Lab developed the Prevent Accidents With Safety (PAWS) program. This program is modeled
after several successful industrial safety programs. Again this year we will follow this program
as it is outlined in the 2006-07 Safety Manual for use in the Chemical Engineering Unit
Operations Laboratory CM4110 and Plant Operations Laboratory CM4120, August 2006.
A team of instructors, technicians, and teaching assistants will collaborate to present this course.
The scheduling of lectures and experiments, communication of pertinent information, and the
collecting of grades at the end of the semester will be performed by, or under the direction of,
Dave Caspary and John Sandell. Individual and group work will be assigned and evaluated by
John Sandell and other UO Lab faculty, or one of the graduate teaching assistants.
This course evolved to its present form through faculty, student, and industrial input. Suggestions
and constructive criticisms are always welcomed. Your input is critical to the continuous
improvement of this capstone laboratory course.
In closing, this course requires a good deal of time, effort, teamwork, cooperation, and patience.
Approach the course in the proper spirit and you will have fun while preparing for your career as
a professional chemical engineer.
David W. Caspary Dr. John F. Sandell
Manager of Laboratory Facilities Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering
August 2006
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UNIT OPERATIONS LABORATORY
CM4110
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of the Unit Operations Laboratory course is to help you gain a deeper understanding
of the concepts learned in the first three years of your education. You will apply the principles of
heat and mass transfer, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, and thermal and mass
balances through the operation of pilot plant-scale equipment. This experience should give you a
better understanding of response time, steady-state and non-steady state operations, accuracy and
reliability of measurements, and the effect of changes in ambient conditions. Your goal in this
course should be to gain this deeper insight.
This syllabus presents the policies and procedures that apply to students in the Unit Operations
Laboratory course. This information has been carefully compiled and is formally presented to
alleviate problems and to avoid confusion. You are responsible for the material contained in
this document. If some situation arises that is not covered by the policies described, it will be
resolved by the best judgment of the instructors usually with substantial input from the affected
students.
We have developed a web site for CM4110. It is found at the CM department web pages (CM
Dept => Current Students => Course Pages => CM 4110) or at the address below:
http://www.chem.mtu.edu/chem_eng/current/new_courses/CM4110/CM4110.htm . Use this web
site for any standard course forms, short descriptions and photos of the experiments, etc.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
The students in this course are expected to achieve the following objectives:
Develop a constant awareness of safety in the laboratory so that all laboratory work is
carried out in a safe manner.
Develop the ability to carry out experimental investigations of pilot-scale processes
including:
Creating equipment diagrams and comprehensive safe operating procedures for
various unit operations.
Determining a specific set of experimental objectives when presented with a vaguely
defined problem.
Planning an experimental strategy for collecting the appropriate data.
Obtaining the experimental data required to satisfy the objectives.
Gaining competency in analyzing experimental data and in comparing the results to
data and theories in the literature.
Reporting the results of the experiment in a concise, well-written, well-documented
written report.
Presenting the results in a professional, oral presentation using current technology.
Develop the ability to work in a team by:
Actively participating as a member of a professional group.
Leading a peer group of professional chemical engineers.
Managing conflicts within the team as they arise.
Develop confidence through the application of previously acquired knowledge of unit
operations, chemical reactions, process safety, and process control.
Learn to apply software tools typically used by Chemical Engineering professionals.
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PROCEDURES, POLICIES, AND RULES
I. LABORATORY SAFETY PROGRAM
The goal of our safety program is to prevent incidents and accidents, and to promote safety
awareness. Our laboratory safety program is designed to encourage safety consciousness and to
develop hazards recognition skills. There are four parts to this program:
A. At the beginning of the course, we will discuss general lab safety, chemical safety, and
the applicable federal and state safety regulations. We will learn about specific UO Lab
hazards, the hazardous substances used in the laboratory, the location and contents of the
material safety data sheets (MSDS), and the available safety equipment.
B. Throughout the course, we will follow our Prevent Accidents With Safety (PAWS)
program. This is discussed in detail in the 2006-07 Safety Manual for Use in the
Chemical Engineering Unit Operations Laboratory CM4110 and Plant Operations
Laboratory CM4120, August 2006.
C. For each cycle of laboratory work, one member from each group will be designated as the
safety coordinator and will serve on the Safety Committee for that cycle. The duties of
the safety coordinators will include: preparing their group members for the safety aspects
of their assigned experiment; laboratory inspections and follow-ups; conducting the
Safety Meeting for that cycle including discussion on PAWS forms and other safety-
related issues; and, coordinating the update of the PAWS web page. See the Safety
Manual for details.
D. Typically, one lecture meeting per experiment cycle will be devoted to safety. We will
discuss any incidents that occurred and will participate in the safety committees
presentation.
Everyone is required to attend all safety meetings and must be a Safety Coordinator at least once
during the semester.
The tenor of all these activities is to promote safety awareness in a positive, non-judgmental way.
The specific safety rules and safety information are provided to you in the 2006-07 Safety Manual
for Use in the Unit Operations Laboratory, August 2006. You are responsible for all the
information contained in that document.
II. ENGINEERING TEAMS
All activities in this course, except some specific assignments, are to be carried out as a team
effort. Engineering teams will follow these guidelines:
A. Three or four-person engineering teams will be formed at the beginning of the course. It
is the responsibility of Dr. Sandell to finalize lab team assignments.
B. All members of the team are expected to contribute to all aspects of the assignment
planning, safety, data collection, analysis, oral presentations, report writing, and peer
evaluation.
C. One member of the team will serve as team leader and coordinate the activities of the
team. A second team member serving as safety coordinator will take responsibility for
safety issues. These responsibilities will rotate for each experiment. As soon as the
teams are formed, members of the team will select the team leaders and safety
coordinators for the semester and submit the names to the Dr. Sandell.
D. As each experiment is completed, every team member submits a peer evaluation form
rating the performance of all members of the team and giving comments about the team
activities.
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III. LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS
A. Experiment Selection and Supervision:
1. The semester is divided into 5 experiment cycles. Each engineering team will be
assigned five experiments, one per cycle.
2. The experiments are shown in Table 1 below. Everyone will do the Polymer
Extrusion experiment during Cycle 1. (Cycle 1 will only have a final lab report.)
3. Each experiment will be supervised by an assigned faculty member and typically
will have an assigned teaching assistant.
Table1: List of Experiments.
Experiments Instructor GTA Available
Polymer Extrusion King both Cycle 1
Cooling Tower Sandell Koers Cycle 2-5
CSTR Mullins Lau Cycle 2-5
Fixed Bed Reactor Holles Lau Cycle 2-5
Fuel Cell Operation and Analysis Keith Koers Cycle 2-5
Liquid-Liquid Extraction Nesbitt Koers Cycle 2-5
Membrane Separation Sandell Lau Cycle 2-5
Non-Newtonian Flow Sandell Koers Cycle 2-5
Pumping A Sandell Lau Cycle 2-5
Pumping B Torrey Koers Cycle 2-5
RSST Crowl ----- Cycle 2-5
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Sandell Lau Cycle 2-5
B. Sequence of Activities:
Required activities for a complete laboratory experiment cycle: (Cycles 2, 3, 4, 5)
1. Planning
a. Get a 3-ring binder and set of dividers to start a new portfolio. See section IV.
b. Obtain the objectives from the instructor, schedule a JSA/Equipment Diagram
review, and schedule a check-in meeting with the instructor. See section V.A.
and V.B.
c. Begin to prepare the laboratory proposal (see Section V.B.) and the experiment
portfolio (see Section IV). Meet with your laboratory instructor, as necessary, to
clarify objectives.
d. Have the JSA and Equipment Diagram approved.
e. Complete the proposal and submit the portfolio with the enclosed proposal to
the instructor.
f. Attend the check-in meeting and receive approval to begin laboratory work.
2. Experimentation
a. Complete an on-site safety check. See section VI.A.2.
b. Run the experiment see VI, and make calculations. See section VI.C.2.
c. Shut down equipment and clean up the area. See section VI.C.5.
3. Analysis
a. Complete the data analysis and assemble data into the most meaningful form to
address the objectives.
b. Attend data debriefing with faculty advisor. This is an informal discussion with
the faculty advisor to ensure that the calculations and analysis have been
performed correctly.
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4. Oral Presentation Cycles 3 and 4 only
a. This is a formal presentation of the results and conclusions of your experiment.
b. Demonstrate that your results meet the experimental objectives.
c. The oral presentation will be graded. See CM4110 web page listed below:
http://www.chem.mtu.edu/chem_eng/current/new_courses/CM4110/oral_report
_forms_8-5-03_jak.doc for a copy of the evaluation form.
5. Reporting
a. Plan the final report based on the results of the experiment and feedback from
the data debriefing and oral presentation.
b. Write the final executive summary report. See section VII.
c. Submit the report in the experiment portfolio along with the peer evaluation
sheets.
d. Obtain a grade on the experiment.
An experiment is completed when all of the above steps have been accomplished.
IV. EXPERIMENT PORTFOLIO (Your Project Binder)
A. Purpose
Your complete work on each experiment will be documented and organized in an
experiment portfolio. This will be a three-ring binder for organizing all of your teams
work on each experiment. (You can use the recycled binders from the UO Lab office.)
1. Each item is added to the portfolio as it is completed. The entire portfolio is
submitted every time some part of the project becomes due. Thus, the instructor
evaluating the work will always have complete information upon which to base the
evaluation.
2. Each section of the portfolio should be a stand-alone document. The portfolio is
simply a convenient method of organizing and submitting the work for evaluation.
In reality, the final report and a laboratory notebook would be the only documents
that survive the completion of a project. Since all other information in the portfolio
is of a temporary nature, the final report should never reference any other section
of the portfolio.
B. Contents
The binder will be organized as follows:
1. On the end of the binder, place a label that neatly states the course number, the
experiment cycle, Tues or Thurs section, the experiment title, and Fall 2005.
2. The first page inside the binder will be the portfolio title sheet, including the title
of the experiment, when it will be/was performed, team leader, safety coordinator,
team members, and instructor, plus the following lines for signed approvals:
a. approved equipment diagram and JSA (only for Pumping A, Pumping B, and
all experiments in cycles 3 and 4.)
b. check-in completed
c. on-site safety check completed
d. laboratory operations check-out
e. data debriefing completed
f. oral presentation completed (Cycles 3 and 4 only).
3. In the first section, put the memo from the instructor (along with any attachments)
stating the objectives. You must include minutes of team meetings, copies of email
or other correspondence, and any other miscellaneous notes and documentation
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related to the work being performed. These notes must be in ink, initialed, and
dated. Order the materials in this section chronologically.
4. The second section will have your laboratory proposal (with instructors
comments) including the complete, detailed JSA. See section V.B.9.
5. The third section will have any data sheets. Include all raw data, calculation sheets,
and printed copies of spreadsheet files with formulas indicated. All manually
acquired data entries must be recorded in ink and must be initialed and dated by
the person making the entry.
6. The fourth section will have a copy of visual aids used in the oral presentation.
7. The fifth section will have your final executive summary report.
8. A peer evaluation form from each member of the group will be submitted with the
portfolio when it is turned in for grading at the end of the experiment cycle. Each
form must be in a separate sealed envelope. A blank form is posted on the
CM4110 web page at the following address:
http://www.chem.mtu.edu/chem_eng/current/new_courses/CM4110/CM4110.htm
C. Submitting Your Portfolio for Evaluation:
1. The entire portfolio will be submitted three times.
a. Once for review of the JSA and Equipment Diagram
b. Second, for review and grading of the Experiment Proposal.
c. And finally, for review and grading of the Final Report.
2. The portfolio is to be submitted directly to the instructor prior to any deadline.
3. Memorandum of Transmittal.
a. Write a brief cover memorandum to transmit your report. You may indicate
the single most important result, but the primary purpose is just to transmit the
report.
b. Address it to your faculty instructor.
c. The team leader should sign or initial this memorandum and clip it to the
outside of the portfolio.
V. PRE-LABORATORY PREPARATIONS (Proposal and Check-In Meeting)
The purpose of the laboratory proposal and the check-in meeting is to ensure that each
member of the team is prepared to complete the experiment safely and successfully.
A. Required pre-Laboratory Activities
Before operating any equipment or mixing any chemicals you must complete the
following steps:
1. Pick up the objectives for the experiment
The team leader should schedule a meeting with the instructor or TA assigned to the
experiment. The meeting should accomplish the following:
a. Receive the experimental objectives.
b. Examine the equipment you will use in the lab (bring hard hat, safety glasses,
wear long pants and non-porous shoes).
c. Schedule a meeting to review the Equipment Diagram and JSA.
d. Establish a due date for the proposal.
e. Set up an appointment for the check-in meeting.
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2. Prepare the proposal to meet the objectives. (Section V.B.)
All members of the team are expected to participate in all activities related to
preparing the proposal, and all are expected to understand all aspects of the
proposal.
3. Submit the Equipment Diagram and JSA for approval.
These will be in the portfolio under the proposal section. (Sections V.B.8 and
V.B.9.) The instructor, a TA, or Tim Gasperich will perform the review. If the
Equipment Diagram and JSA have deficiencies, the team must correct the problems
and schedule another review. When the documents are acceptable, the reviewer will
sign the appropriate line on the portfolio cover sheet. An approved Equipment
Diagram and JSA are required before you will be allowed to operate
equipment in the lab. (The Equipment Diagram and JSA will not be graded at this
time.)
4. Submit the proposal.
The portfolio, with the proposal included, is submitted to the instructor before the
deadline established at the initial meeting. (Section IV.C.) The instructor will
review and evaluate the proposal before the check-in meeting.
5. Attend the check-in meeting.
The instructor will quiz the members of the team on various aspects of the plan,
make comments on it, and may assign an individual grade to each member of the
team based on the following criteria:
a. Theory. Each person should have an understanding of the background and
theory and how the theory relates to the experimental objectives.
b. Procedure. All members of the team must be well versed with all of the
procedures to be followed in performing the experiment. Each team member
must be familiar with the experimental strategy, i.e. the flow rate range, tank
levels, start-up procedures, etc.
c. Safety. Each member of the team must be aware of all physical and chemical
hazards that are specific to the experiment and be familiar with the appropriate
course of action in case of an emergency. Everyone on the team is responsible
for safe operation and proper handling procedures and must know the
emergency shutdown procedures.
d. Overall Knowledge of the Experiment. Individuals must be familiar with their
responsibilities and how they are related to the strategy and objectives of the
experiment. The team should be knowledgeable on the details of the experiment
and be prepared to collect accurate and meaningful data and perform sample
calculations needed for their experiment.
6. Have the instructor sign the portfolio cover page.
When the team passes the check-in, the instructor will sign the portfolio cover sheet
to indicate the team has been approved to work in the laboratory. If the team fails
the check-in, they are required to schedule another meeting after further
preparation.
7. Complete the Check-In before the deadline.
The check-in must be completed no later than 4:00 p.m. of the day before the
scheduled lab day.
B. Laboratory Proposal
A laboratory proposal is a report explaining what you are going to do, why you want to
do it, and how you are going to do it. An important part of the laboratory proposal is
complete documentation. The proposal is being submitted to your instructor for review,
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grading, and approval. The instructor must be convinced that your team is ready to
begin doing the experimental work and that the work will satisfy the objectives of the
experiment. The most convincing evidence of your readiness is the documentation the
experimental plan, references, and calculations that you include to support your
proposal.
The laboratory proposal must include the following sections:
1. Proposal Title Page. A single page consisting of descriptive experiment title, the
date the experiment is to be conducted, team number, names of team members with
leader and safety officer identified, instructor, and date proposal is submitted.
2. Table of Contents. The table of contents should include a listing of all headings and
subheadings and the appropriate page number for each. The table of contents must
also include a separate list of figures, a separate list of tables, and a list of
appendices each with appropriate page numbers.
3. Objectives. The proposal must have a clear, concise statement of the objectives of
the experiment. Do not simply restate the assignment as provided by the instructor.
If the instructor assigned specific, detailed tasks, you must condense the objectives
so that the main focus of the experiment is obvious. Do not say how you are doing
the experiment. Leave that for other sections of the proposal. In some cases, the
assigned objectives will contain open-ended questions and parts of the assignment
may be vague. This is done intentionally to give you experience in solving real-
world problems.
4. Background. Write a brief summary of the background for the experiment including
the application or use of the unit operation within the chemical process industries.
For example, why and when are cooling towers used? Cite any references you used.
This section should typically be a maximum of one page long.
5. Theory/ Sample Calculations/ Calculations Needed to Meet Your Objectives.
Include an outline of the theory with appropriate equations and their respective
units, but be sure to focus on the particular experiment at hand. Give the reference
for each equation and define all nomenclature including units, immediately
below its first occurrence in your report. Handle general information by referring
to textbooks. Again, properly reference your work! (Section V.B.10) Show the
sample calculations here that were assigned to you for this laboratory proposal.
Check the units of all instrumentation used to collect data and be sure to use the
same units in your sample calculations. Also, show how you will do all the
calculations, graphs, etc. needed to meet your objectives. What results do you
expect to get? For example, what do you expect the pump curve to look like
(general shape)? Consult your instructor for any questions about what should be in
this section.
6. Experimental Strategy and Error Analysis. This section should include a brief but
complete discussion of your approach to solving the problem. Where necessary and
appropriate, the description of each item should include the rationale as to why a
particular strategy has been proposed.
Before writing this section, ask the following questions:
a. How will you satisfy the objectives? What strategies will you adopt while
planning variations in key variables? How will you relate these variations to
the goals of the experiment?
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b. What is the setup configuration? (ex: placement of thermocouples in the
vacuum drying experiment, or the types of plates to use in a batch filtration
experiment)?
c. Is there anything significant about the startup process that will affect your
results? (ex: special issues such as preheat stage, preparation of chemicals,
etc.)
d. Design of experiment considerations:
i. Parameter space Which variables, including their values or range, will
be fixed at each run? Why? (ex: 3 steam pressures at 20 psia, 25 psia, 30
psia.)
ii. Raw Data Which variables are monitored? How often they are
measured?
iii. Reproducibility How many trials are planned at each point?
e. Schedule What is the timeline? (ex: 1 to 2 hours setup; 4 runs on various
conditions, then another 1 hour for cleanup.)
f. Error Analysis:
i. Identify sources of error temperature, pressure, flow rate measurements,
etc. Which sources are significant and which can be ignored? (ex: If
temperature can be measured accurately to 1
o
F, what effect will an error
of 1
o
F have on the calculated results?)
ii. Select an appropriate method of error analysis will you use 95%
confidence intervals? Will it suffice to calculate a mean and standard
deviation? How will you apply propagation of error to estimate the error
of the result?
Perform a complete error analysis on sample data. Do not include an operating
procedure in this section, as that is part of the JSA.
7. Data Tables. Include all the blank data tables you will use during your run day to
meet your objectives.
8. Equipment Diagram. Prepare a clearly labeled (including valve numbers) schematic
diagram of the equipment to be used. Use standard symbols wherever possible.
Show all the details of the equipment that you will use including the connections to
the building utilities. In some cases, it is important to show the major equipment
orientation and dimensions. You will have this diagram approved by the instructor
or TA prior to submitting the completed laboratory proposal.
9. Job Safety Assessment Form. Using an electronic copy of the Job Safety
Assessment Form (JSA) document the detailed experimental procedure that you
will use to obtain the data needed to satisfy the objectives of the experiment.
Document the hazards associated with each step, the safety precautions to be taken,
and the person responsible for each step. Include in this procedure the start-up
procedure, the runtime procedure, the shutdown procedure, and the emergency
shutdown procedure. An electronic copy of the JSA is available from the course
web page. The JSA must be completed in great detail. Nothing is to be assumed.
You will have the JSA approved by the instructor or TA prior to submitting the
completed laboratory proposal.
a. Identify all physical and chemical hazards, any required personal protective
equipment (PPE), and locate the nearest safety equipment in the laboratory
relative to the location of the equipment to be used.
b. List all chemicals used in your experiment and identify any hazards associated
with those chemicals along with the required PPE.
c. Prepare an emergency shutdown procedure.
d. Write the procedure clearly, in a step-by-step fashion, with the idea that a
technician who may not be familiar with the objectives but who is familiar with
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the equipment will follow it. Refer to the equipment diagram to clarify
individual operations. Include a specific course of action if an accident occurs.
Be sure to focus on the hazards that are most likely to occur.
e. Include a list of the specific tasks in the procedure assigned to each team
member. Make sure it will be possible for each person to perform the
assignment. Check the location of the equipment associated with each
assignment and study the ergonomics.
10. References. All references used in preparing the laboratory proposal should be
listed alphabetically by author and cited appropriately where they are used in the
proposal.
11. Writing Guidelines. Refer to Appendix A Report Writing Guidelines for
CM4110, for report writing style and additional requirements.
VI. LABORATORY PROCEDURES
A. Work Schedule.
1. The Safety Coordinators for that cycle must arrive in the lab at 8 a.m. on the run
day to complete the Unit Operations laboratory Safety Inspection Checklist (SIC).
2. Laboratory work begins at 9 a.m. All members of the team are required to be
present in the laboratory on the days scheduled for experimental work (see VIII.
Attendance Rules). The team leader must report any absences before starting the
experiment.
3. The experiment will be conducted on the days scheduled for laboratory work as
shown in the course calendar (see Appendix B).
4. Experiments may be run at other times if arrangements are made in writing with the
faculty instructor and approved by Tim Gasperich. This will happen only under
exceptional circumstances.
B. Lab Operations.
1. All lab operations will follow the written procedures as stated in the approved JSA.
2. The team leader should maintain a running log in the data section of the laboratory
portfolio to verify that sufficient data have been collected. The team leader is
responsible for organizing the work so that the preliminary calculations are
completed while the experiment is in progress. Arrange your data and calculation
sheets or set up your spreadsheets properly and include calculations in the task
assignments. Make calculations using lab data to verify that your data are suitable
for satisfying the objectives of the experiment. Do these calculations before
shutting down your equipment.
3. After completing the experimental work, and as soon as the calculations are
finished, each team must complete a debriefing session with the instructor. If the
calculations are complete, the debriefing can be scheduled before the end of the
same laboratory session in which the experiments were performed. The debriefing
will review the results of the laboratory work and plan the oral presentation and
final report.
4. Any equipment breakdowns should be reported to the instructor, Tim Gasperich, or
the teaching assistant immediately.
5. Clean up your area and equipment at the end of each day. The teaching assistants
approval is required before the team will be dismissed. The portfolio is initialed or
stamped by the teaching assistant at the end of the day.
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C. Safe Work Practices.
1. All safety rules must be observed at all times. See the 2006-07 Safety Manual for
use in the Chemical Engineering Unit Operations Laboratory CM4110 and Plant
Operations Laboratory CM4120, 2006.
2. Before operating any equipment or preparing chemicals in the lab at 9 a.m. on the
first run day a team must have an approved Equipment Diagram/JSA, completed the
check-in, and have passed an on-site safety review by Tim Gasperich or a T/A.
3. Do not bring any coats, backpacks, etc. into the laboratory. To prevent clutter in the
lab, each team should have a locker. Lockers are available in the basement-floor
mens room and in the sub-basement womens room. Use one of these lockers
throughout the year to store your coats and books while you are in the lab. You may
use your own lock but remove it at the end of the academic year.
4. When in doubt about the consequences of any step in the experimental procedure
(such as opening or closing a valve, starting or stopping a pump, etc.), consult the
teaching assistant, Tim Gasperich, or instructor.
VII. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY REPORT (The Lab Report)
The team leader is responsible for submitting, on behalf of and with full participation of the
team, an executive summary report. The report will present and interpret key results, discuss
the accuracy of the results, and present conclusions and recommendations drawn from the
results.
The purpose of an executive summary is to communicate information clearly and succinctly.
A poorly written executive summary will fail to achieve this. Laboratory work done
perfectly with excellent results will be wasted if the report is poorly written. Read and
carefully consider the guidelines and suggestions provided in the section below.
A. General Lab Report Policies
1. The final report must be written as a team effort under the direction of the team
leader.
2. All reports must be technically correct. If you have serious technical errors, you
could be asked to rewrite.
3. The procedure for submitting reports is as follows:
a. Insert your report into the portfolio behind the Final Report tab.
b. Submit your complete portfolio to the assigned instructor.
c. The instructor will grade the report and return it to Dr. Sandell to record the
grades.
4. The portfolio with the final report must be submitted on or before the established
deadline.
5. After the report is submitted and graded, you should keep a copy of the grade
sheet. A sample of the Project Grade Reporting Form is included in Appendix C.
6. We will retain the reports on file (304 Chem Sci) for the entire semester. You may
request to review your past reports at any time.
B. Executive Summary Report Format
The final report for each experiment will be in executive summary report format. This
is a brief, carefully worded report in which key results are presented, conclusions are
drawn in comparison to theory or expectations, and final recommendations are
identified. The experiment objectives will determine what is included in the executive
summary. The executive summary will be no longer than 2 pages of text plus any
tables, figures, and supporting appendices. Include the following sections in your
executive summary:
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1. Title Page.
a. Prepare a neatly structured cover page for your executive summary.
b. Include the title of the experiment, when the laboratory work was performed,
when the report was submitted, the team number, names of the team leader,
safety coordinator, other team members, and the instructor.
2. Table of Contents.
a. The TOC should have an entry for each heading and subheading.
b. Include a list of figures, list of tables, and list of appendices.
3. Executive Summary.
a. This section must be written so that it stands alone from any other part of the
portfolio. It should not require that your readers look beyond the executive
summary for specific information in other parts of the portfolio or in the
technical literature.
b. The executive summary may be as short as one page, but no longer than two
pages of text. The executive summary contains three general sections:
i. Abstract Prepare a concise narrative summarizing the background of
your work, your experiment objectives, what you did, what the results
were, and what the results mean. Be specific about your results when
summarizing them. State numerical values along with appropriate error
limits.
ii. Conclusions Give a brief narrative statement(s) presenting your main
conclusion(s). All conclusions must follow from your discussion and
interpretation of the results and should focus on the objectives.
iii. Recommendations Prepare a brief summary of any recommendations
you wish to present. These recommendations should be related to the
results and based on your conclusions.
c. Things to remember when writing an executive summary:
i. The focus is on the assigned objectives and interpreting the experimental
results. This is where the reader finds out what the results are and what
the results mean.
ii. The conclusions are the most important part of the executive summary.
This is why the reader is reading your report. The conclusions should
directly address the objectives and be in order of significance, from most
significant to least significant.
iii. If recommendations are suggested they should come directly from the
conclusions and indicate further work or experiment improvement drawn
from the conclusions. No new issues or material are to be raised in the
recommendations.
3. References.
Include a list of all references you used when preparing your report.
4. Appendices.
a. Appendices contain important, but supplemental, information. Do not put
results items that satisfy the objectives in the appendices. Here you may
insert background information that was used in preparing the report or
auxiliary information such as instrument calibrations, error analysis, and
calculations of intermediate results. The reader should be able to detach the
appendices and still understand the report.
b. You must include a complete sample calculation in an appendix. Show all the
details of the methods you used to obtain the results from raw data, including
your error analysis and propagation of error.
11
c. You must include a table in an appendix showing all the numerical values and
raw data you used to plot your graphs, and any other data or results that might
help your reader understand your work.
d. Do not include anything in the appendices that was not referred to in the
body of the report.
e. All appendices must be named with a letter and a meaningful title.
f. Number the pages in your report consecutively, starting from the title page
and ending with the last page of your appendices.
5. Additional resources on report writing
Additional information and suggested resources on report writing are included in
Appendix A.
VIII. ATTENDANCE RULES
A. All students are expected to be present all day on all scheduled class days. The team
leader is responsible for reporting any absences to the laboratory supervisor.
B. Attendance at all scheduled lectures is mandatory. This is when we will have our
safety meetings, lectures on special topics, quizzes, and so forth.
C. On class days scheduled for operating equipment, all team members should be in the
laboratory at all times (starting at 9 a.m.) except for pre-arranged lunch. Those
responsible for the SIC will arrive at 8:00 a.m. to inspect the lab.
D. On class days not scheduled for operating equipment, the team may work in rooms
B006, B010, 204, or 211 (if it is not being used for other classes), the J.R. Van Pelt
Library, or the Memorial Union building. The class day is the best time to have your
team meetings because everyone should have that time available.
E. A log sheet will be kept in the office of the laboratory. Any time you are in the
laboratory sign yourself in on the log sheet. Sign out when you leave the lab, even if
for a short period of time. In the event of a laboratory emergency it is imperative that
we know the location of all students, faculty, and staff.
F. Excused absences will be granted for serious reasons, such as illness or a death in the
family. A written request (use email to jfsandel!tu"edu) for an excused absence,
must be submitted to Dr. Sandell, in advance if possible, but no later than the first
academic day that the student returns to school. Brief absences during a scheduled lab
run day for on-campus interviews or for a class conflict may be granted verbally by
the team leader.
G. An excused absence for a plant visit requires an advanced written request to all
members of the team and to Dr. Sandell.
H. Each unexcused absence may result in the loss of one letter grade from the students
final grade.
I. If the team leader is absent on a scheduled class day, the remaining members will
select a substitute leader and proceed with the work scheduled for that day. All
members of the team are expected to be familiar enough with the planned work to
remain on schedule.
12
IX. GRADING POLICIES
A. Assignments and Weighting
This class will involve individual and team grades. Semester grades will be calculated
as follows:
#afet$ 10 %
&o!e'or( )2 *o!+ined, 10 %
-ui..es )4 *o!+ined, 20 %
C$*le 1 )e/truder, 6 %
C$*le 2 )no oral report, 10 %
C$*le 3 )'it0 oral, 16 %
C$*le 4 )'it0 oral, 16 %
C$*le 5 )no oral report, 12 %
100 %
1. Homework (likely 2 assignments) and Cycles 1-5 grades may include both
individual and team grades. 1ate 0o!e'or( re*eives a 0 2rade"
2. Quizzes (closed book, closed note) are individual grades and will be given on
Friday at the 9 a.m.-10 a.m. lecture.
3. You are responsible for reading material, homework, and lecture material. You
may be tested on any of these materials.
4. The following grading scale will be used throughout this course:
3 924100
35 88491"9
5 82487"9
5C 78481"9
C 72477"9
C6 68471"9
6 62467"9
F 0461"9
B. Team Issues and Grades
Some of the grades are team-based but Dr. Sandell retains the right to adjust these
grades based on information in the peer evaluations, observations made by Julie King,
Dave Caspary, John Sandell, Dan Crowl, Joe Holles, Jason Keith, Tim Gasperich, the
TAs, etc. All peer evaluations will be sealed and included in the final portfolio. Dr.
Sandell will hold these peer evaluations in his files as confidential information. We
want to encourage all team members to solve their problems internally (yourself).
Sometimes this is not possible, and Dr. Sandell will step in to impose a resolution to
the problem. The resolution might include adjustments to grades on team projects.
C. Late Work and Requests for Regrading
1. All work is due on the day stated on the handout. Late work will receive a 0.
2. If you believe your paper was graded incorrectly, then you must make a request
in writing to Dr. Sandell within 1 week of the date that the paper was returned.
3. If you know you will miss a quiz date, then inform Dr. Sandell immediately (via
email) about when and why (plant trip, MTU sport or club travel, etc.) and
arrangements will be made. If you are ill (dont show up with 102
o
F fever,
13
chills, etc.), then email Dr. Sandell and your team members so we know what is
going on.
D. Calculation Procedure
The procedure used to solve a problem must be shown on all quizzes, exams, and
homework. If only the answer is given, it will be marked as wrong. Always show the
units associated with your answer!
X. MISCELLANEOUS
A. Professional Behavior
In this class professional behavior is required of each student. You are expected to be
responsible for yourself, your teammates, and your classmates as you would in a
professional job environment.
1. Missing class, team meetings, or not having your share of the work done on time
is not acceptable.
2. When you have questions for an instructor, set up a meeting with the instructor
as if it were your supervisor. Prepare for the meeting by knowing what you want
to accomplish and consolidate all your questions in a short time period.
B. Peer Evaluation
A completed copy of the peer evaluation form must be submitted by each member of
the team and included in a separate sealed envelop in the portfolio when the final
portfolio is submitted. A blank copy is on the web at the following address:
http://www.chem.mtu.edu/chem_eng/current/new_courses/CM4110/peer_evaluation_
form.doc
The purpose of this form is to indicate to the instructors whether or not an
engineering team is functioning as it should. The information on the form is
confidential. If it becomes apparent that the workload is being unfairly distributed
among team members, an appropriate adjustment will be made in the grading
procedures for the remaining experiments so that members are credited with the work
for which they are responsible. A team having this type of problem will be notified of
any adjustments to the evaluation procedure. Each case will be dealt with on an
individual basis.
C. Cheating, including Plagiarism
You are in training to be an engineer. Engineers are ethical, so we expect you to be
ethical. Cheating of any form (plagiarism, falsifying data, etc.) and copyright
violation will not be tolerated. Any student found cheating will be dealt with
according to departmental and university policy. If a student detects another person
cheating, please report this to Dr. King or Dave Caspary.
D. Library Reserve and Background Materials
1. There are several books useful for CM4110 on reserve at the MTU library. They
can be checked out for 1 hr. Read and copy what you need from them (a few
pages, etc.). You will be told in your experiment objectives, for example, if
there is a book on reserve at the library that you should consult.
2. Background Literature Information on many of the experiments will be
available in Tim Gasperichs office, B004 Chem Sci., one copy per team.
E. Prerequisites
14
Each student is required to have passing grades in Transport/Unit Operations II
CM3120 and Thermodynamics CM3220 (CM330) and Technical Communications
CM3410 and Reactor Kinetics CM3510, plus senior standing. Although not listed as a
prerequisite, a passing grade in Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering Lab, CM
3215, is highly recommended.
F. Suggested Courses
The following non-CM courses would be very helpful toward enhancing your
education and better preparing you for a career in the Chemical Process Industries:
BA3600 Quality Management
BA4620 Supply Chain Management
MA2720 Statistical Methods
MA3710 Engineering Statistics
ME4650 Quality Engineering
ME5990 (w/JWS) Design for Experiments
G. Professional Activities
All members of the class are encouraged to become student members of the national
AIChE and members of the MTU student chapter of AIChE. Attending meetings and
participating in student professional activities is a good way to become better
acquainted with your classmates, find out more about the chemical engineering
profession, and participate in prestigious national contests. Additionally, those
interested in starting their career as a Process or Control Engineer may wish to join
the Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society (ISA) as a student member.
The annual fee is currently $10 and includes their monthly publication, free
downloads, and other benefits. Visit the ISA on the web at www.isa.org and click on
the students and educators button to join.
H. The Bredekamp Award
This award, sponsored by Dow Chemical Company, recognizes outstanding
performance in the Unit Operations Laboratory. The purpose of the award is to honor
both the recipients and Dr. Marriot W. Bredekamp's contributions to the laboratory.
Both the students and faculty participate in selecting the winning team during early
spring semester. The current $1500 award is split amongst the team members with a
maximum of $250 per student. The remainder of the funds are to be used for
materials or equipment for the Unit Operations Laboratory, with the winning team
specifying how these funds are spent. During the fall semester, observe your fellow
students in action in the Unit Operations Laboratory. Gather information about their
performance so you will be ready to help select the winners of this award during the
spring semester.
XI. REQUIRED TEXT
Pintar, A. J., 2006-07 Safety Manual for Use in Chemical Engineering Unit Operations
Laboratory CM4110 and Plant Operations Laboratory CM4120, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, MI (2006).
15
XII. TEACHING AND SUPPORT STAFF
Name E-mail Phone Office
6r" 7o0n #andell jfsandel!tu"edu 742557 202C
6avid Caspar$ d*aspar$!tu"edu 742022 5004
8i!ot0$ 9asperi*0 tp2asper!tu"edu 742841 5004
6r" 6aniel Cro'l *ro'l!tu"edu 743221 2025
6r" 7osep0 &olles j00olles!tu"edu 741956 2027
6r" 7ason :eit0 j!(eit0!tu"edu 742106 2026
6r" 7ulie :in2 ja(in2!tu"edu 743106 307
6r" ;i*0ael ;ullins !e!ullin!tu"edu 743132 203
Carl <es+itt *nes+itt!tu"edu 742796 202&
7err$ <or(ol jnor(ol!tu"edu 742004 5012
:atie 8orre$ (t!tu"edu 744327 202;
:en :oers )983, (p(oers!tu"edu 308
:eon2 3i( 1au )983, (lau!tu"edu 401
16
Appendix A Report Writing Guidelines for CM4110
Engineers use written reports for transmitting the results of their experimental work. The
information included in any report will depend on the intended audience. In CM4110, the
audience is your instructor a person who is familiar with chemical engineering and who
has assigned the objectives for your experiment but who may not be familiar with the
details of your work. In this course we will use an executive summary as the final
report.
A. Report Writing Resources
Refer to the Manual for Report Writing in Engineering Design, by Watke, et al.; and
What Report Readers Want to Know from Research/Activity Reports on t0e follo'in2
'e+site= 0ttp=//'''"!apnp"or2/li+rar$/'ritin2/re*0dn2s"0t!> texts, handouts, and
notes from CM3410; and other appropriate sources to guide your report writing.
B. Guidelines Specific to Unit Operations Laboratory Reports:
1. Organization. Develop your report logically, making sure you provide and
interpret information sufficiently so that your reader arrives at the same
conclusions your team has. Move from general information to specific
information throughout the report. Use topic sentences to help guide your
reader, and revise paragraphs that have either no, or more than one, topic.
Always proofread carefully and thoroughly.
2. Writing Style. Your report should be thorough but concise. Avoid the wordy
and passive phrasing that obscures information and makes reports boring to
read. Work toward tight, clear, and graceful structure and style. Avoid obscure
or important-sounding language; write in a comfortable, but not too informal,
voice. First person is okay if it helps to minimize awkward wording.
3. Visual Elements. Lay out text and any visuals with white space and typefaces
judiciously chosen to present your information; err on the side of simplicity
rather than overly complicated formatting. All executive summaries must be
typed or written using a word processor, with print sufficiently dark to provide
high quality copies. Executive summaries are brief and to the point so use
visuals with great care.
a. Graphs.
i. Graphs should be used to show trends in data.
ii. A graph is a pictorial representation of your data and as such is an
important part of your report. Construct them carefully and make sure
they are carefully labeled.
iii. Where consistent with clarity put more than one dependent variable on
each graph.
iv. Graphs are figures and must have an associated caption and figure
number.
v. Where appropriate, all data points should have some indication of
associated error.
vi. Data points should generally not be connected in dot-to-dot fashion.
vii. Scales for the axes should be in increments of 1, 2, 5, 10, or multiples
of these.
viii. The axes must be labeled and indicate units.
ix. Use extreme caution when using a spreadsheet to prepare your graphs.
These programs will not follow the rules of proper presentation unless
you tell them to.
x. If you say y is plotted versus x, y should be on the vertical axis and
x on the horizontal.
17
xi. In the text, the proper term for a graph is figure not graph, and a
variable is plotted not graphed.
b. Figures and Tables.
i. All figures must have meaningful descriptive captions.
ii. Figure captions must be located at the bottom of the figure. Table
captions must be located above the table.
iii. Figures and tables should appear immediately when they are
mentioned in the text (same page or next page) or all together at the
end of the report.
iv. Figures taken from the literature must be properly cited in the text and
in the figure caption.
v. Figures and tables that are oriented lengthwise on the page must be
inserted in the report so that the top edge is toward the left margin.
vi. Figures and tables should be used sparingly in an executive summary.
4. Grammar and Mechanics. Your executive summary should be free of all
grammatical errors, such as incomplete, run-on, or fragment sentences and
errors in agreement or comma usage. Executive summaries should also be free
of typos, misspellings, punctuation errors, and spacing inconsistencies. Do not
depend on spell-checkers alone; they can fail to find major errors and can even
introduce them. If your report has excessive grammatical or mechanical errors,
you will lose points.
5. Miscellaneous
a. Equations and Symbols.
i. Physical property data taken from the literature must be properly cited.
ii. All symbols must be identified in a table of nomenclature.
iii. The table of nomenclature must be at the end of the report immediately
before the list of references. The table of nomenclature must also be
listed in the table of contents.
iv. After the first symbol appears in the report, a statement like The
symbols in this report are identified in the Table of Nomenclature
must be included.
b. General.
i. Numbers in your report must reflect the appropriate number of
significant figures.
ii. Do not forget to include an appropriate error analysis in your report (if
your report includes the interpretation of numerical data.)
iii. The report must build on itself and should flow nicely from paragraph
to paragraph and section to section. There should be no noticeable
breaks in the report although different sections of the report may be
written by different authors.
c. References.
i. Create a list of all literature sources and place it at the end of your
report.
ii. For text references, list the author, title, publisher, publishers location,
date, pages. (example: Caspary, D.W.; The Story of My Life; 4
th
ed.;
Caspary Farm Publishing, Dollar Bay, MI (2003); pp. 1739-1802.)
iii. For web references list the website, the name of the company, the
name of the author, and the date you accessed the site.
iv. List references alphabetically by author.
18
Appendix B CM4110 Unit Operations Laboratory
Course Calendar Fall 2006
Class Date Activity
?ee( 1
1a+
#ept 5
9a!44p!
316 @@AC
#$lla+us and Bvervie' of @/peri!ents 7F#> 6?C 1C 0r
1a+ 8our 6?C> 7F# 30 !in
Di*( 1a+ 9roups and reEuest e/peri!ents 15 !in
#afet$ ;eetin2 UB 1a+ #afet$ 6?C 1F 0r
1un*0 +rea( 1 0r
3ssi2n e/peri!ents 7F# 15 !in
9ood/Door 8ea!s> Confli*t Aesolution> 8ea! ;eetin2 #(ills> 7
&a+its of &i20l$ @ffe*tive Deople 7F# 50 !in
3ssi2n ;$ers45ri22s 3ssess!ent as &? G1 7F#
3ssi2n 8ea! Aules and leader/ safet$ *oordinator !e!o 7F#
3ssi2n A8: *0e!i*als 6?C
1e*ture 1
Fis0er 326
#ept 8
9a!410a!
#afet$ ;eetin2 RTK presentations 6?C 1 0r
?ee( 2
1a+
#ept 12
316 @@AC
Hntro to @/truder e/peri!ent> 2
2
Fa*torial 6esi2n> ;ini48a+>
AeEuire!ents of final report for @/truder e/peri!ent 73: 2 0r
#afet$ ;eetin2 Fire @/tin2uis0er Use 6?C 30 !in
1un*0 +rea( 1 0r
Dortfolio and 1a+ Droposals 6?C 1 F 0r
5e2in 'ritin2 C$*le 2 @Euip!ent 6ia2ra! and 7#3
Drepare for C$*le 1 e/peri!ent
1e*ture 2 #ept 15
9410a!
HW #1 due (Meyers-ri!!s assi!nment"
Team Ru#es Memo due
Iariation and ;easure!ent @rror> @rror 3nal$sis for UB 1a+
6?C 50 !in
?ee( 3
1a+
#ept 19 $yc#e % &'uipment (ia!ram and )*A due + ,-.. a/m/
C$*le 1 la+ da$ 3ll tea!s run t0e @/truder e/peri!ent
5e2in 'ritin2 C$*le 2 @/peri!ental #trate2$
1e*ture 3 #ept 22
9410a!
Aeport ?ritin2 6?C 45 !in
$yc#e % &0perimenta# *trate!y due
?ee( 4
1a+
#ept 26 Finis0 C$*le 2 proposal
$yc#e 1 (&0truder" report due
1e*ture 4 #ept 29
9410a!
#ele*t C$*le 2 #afet$ Co!!ittee 10 !in
@ffe*tive Bral Dresentations 7F# 20 !in
1ui2 #1 on 3actoria# (esi!n 4 %. min
?ee( 5
1a+
B*t 3 C$*le 2 Dreparation
B*t 3 Career 6a$> no s*0eduled in4*lass assi2n!ent
1e*ture 5 B*t 6
9410a!
Dipin2 s$ste!s and valves
19
2006 Course Calendar (continued)
Class Date Activity
?ee( 6
1a+
B*t 10 C$*le 2 la+ da$
1e*ture 6 B*t 13
9410a!
#afet$ ;eetin2 4 C$*les 1 and 2
#ele*t C$*le 3 #afet$ Co!!ittee
?ee( 7
1a+
B*t 17 $yc#e % report/portfo#io due
C$*le 3 Dreparation and Droposal
1e*ture 7 B*t 20
9410a!
Dro*ess Hnstru!entation
5ipin! and va#ves 'ui2 #%
?ee( 8
1a+
B*t 24 C$*le 3 Aun 6a$
1e*ture 8 B*t 27
9410a!
C$*le 3 #afet$ ;eetin2
#ele*t C$*le 4 #afet$ Co!!ittee
?ee( 9
1a+
B*t 31 $yc#e 6 7ra#s 4 %.1 $*& ,-.. a/m/ 4 noon8 1-.. p/m/ 4 6-..
$yc#e 6 Report/5ortfo#io due
$yc#e 9 5reparation and 5roposa# due
1e*ture 9 <ov 3
9410a!
Dro*ess Control and Dlant 6ata #$ste!s 6?C 35 !in
5rocess :nstrumentation 'ui2 #6 4 1; min
?ee( 10
1a+
<ov 7 C$*le 4 Aun da$
1e*ture
10
<ov 10
9410a!
C$*le 4 #afet$ ;eetin2
#ele*t C$*le 5 #afet$ Co!!ittee
?ee( 11
1a+
<ov 14 $yc#e 9 7ra#s 4 %.1 $*& ,-.. a/m/ 4 noon8 1-.. p/m/ 4 6-..
$yc#e 9 Report/5ortfo#io due
C$*le 5 Dreparation
1e*ture
11
<ov 17
9410a!
<o Class 80an(s2ivin2 5rea(
?ee( 12
1a+
<ov 28 $yc#e ; 5reparation and 5roposa# due
1e*ture
12
6e* 1
9410a!
Control #tation 1e*ture
&andout Control #tation &? G3 )?or(s0op 1> 2> 4,
?ee( 13
1a+
6e* 5 C$*le 5 Aun da$
1e*ture
13
6e* 8
9410a!
HW #% due ($ontro# *tation 18%89"
C$*le 5 #afet$ ;eetin2
?ee( 14
1a+
6e* 12 $yc#e ; Report/5ortfo#io due
1e*ture
14
6e* 15
9410a!
1ui2 #9 on $ontro# *tation Wor<shops
Course @valuations
20
Appendix CSample Project Grade Reporting Form
CM4110 Unit Operations Laboratory
Fall 2005
PERFORMANCE REPORTING FORM
Team No: _______ Experiment:___________________________________
Cycle No: _______
Pre-lab or! )1a+ Droposal plus C0e*(4in,
Name Gra"e t# A"$%ste"
)100% !a/, Gra"e
Team Manager _________________________________ ______ x _____ = _______
Team Safety Coordinator _________________________ ______ x _____ = _______
Team Member__________________________________ ______ x _____ = _______
Team Member__________________________________ ______ x _____ = _______
Oral Re&ort 'Cycle ( an" )* JJJJJJJJJJJJ / JJJJJ K JJJJJJJ
E+ec%tive ,%mmary Re&ort- Portfolio com&leteness JJJJJJJJJJJJ / JJJJJ K JJJJJJJ
Name Overall Gra"e )100% !a/,
Team Manager _________________________________ ______
Team Safety Coordinator _________________________ ______
Team Member __________________________________ ______
Team Member __________________________________ ______
,i.nat%re/ JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ Date/ JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ
Grading Scale:
A = 92-100
AB = 88-91.9
B = 82-87.9
BC = 78-81.9
C = 72-77.9
CD = 68-71.9
D = 62-67.9
F = 61.9 or below
21