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Cargo Manifest. A shipping document

used by customs personnel reviewing a
particular transport vehicle's intended trip
that summarizes all bills of lading that have
been issued by the carrier or its
representative for that particular shipment.
For example, a cargo manifest might be
used for shipments made by sea, air or land,
and will generally show the shipment's
cosigner and consignee, as well as listing
product details such as number, value,
origin and destination.
Coastwise Port. Such domestic ports as
are open to the coastwise trade only. These
include all ports, harbors and places not
ports of entry. [Sec. 3514, TCC]
Coastwise Trade. Trade between ports
and places in the Philippines.
Commercial Invoice. Document required
by customs to determine true value of the
imported goods, for assessment of duties
and taxes. A commercial invoice (in addition
to other information), must identify the
buyer and seller, and clearly indicate the (1)
date and terms of sale, (2) quantity, weight
and/or volume of the shipment, (3) type of
packaging, (4) complete description of
goods, (5) unit value and total value, and (6)
insurance, shipping and other charges (as
applicable).
Contraband. Goods whose import or
export is forbidden in a country.
Countervailing Duty. A special duty
levied, in addition to the regular duty and
other charges, by an importing country on
its imports which have been found to be
subsidized in the country of origin or
exportation. It is equal to the ascertained
amount of subsidy, calculated in terms of
subsidy per unit of the subsidized exported
product. It is imposed following an
affirmative final determination.
Customs. Government agency entrusted
with enforcement of laws and regulations to
collect and protect import-revenues, and to
regulate and document the flow of goods in
and out of the country.
Customhouse. A building where customs
and duties are paid or collected and where
vessels are entered and cleared.
Customs Broker. Person who is licensed
by the Bureau of Customs, after passing an
examination that covers a broad range of
knowledge including customs law, customs
classification, customs tariff schedule,
import and export regulations, shipping
procedures, trade documentation, etc. He or
she acts as a professional-agent for an
importer or exporter, prepares and submits
all documents for clearing goods through
customs, and is paid customs-brokerage.
Customs Duty. A tax levied on imports
(and, sometimes, on exports) by the
customs authorities of a country to raise
state revenue, and/or to protect domestic
industries from more efficient or predatory
competitors from abroad.
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Declared Weight. Gross weight as
declared in the manifest or bill of lading.
Derelict. A ship or her cargo which is
abandoned and deserted at sea by those who
were in charge of it, without any hope of
recovering it (sine spe recuperandi), or
without any intention of returning to it (sine
animo revertendi). [Erlanger and Galinger
vs The Swedish East (1916)]
Domestic Industry. Refers to the
domestic producers, as a whole, of the like
product or to those producers of such like
product whose collective output of the
product constitutes a major proportion of
the total domestic production of that
product. However, when producers are
related to the foreign exporters or importers
or are themselves importers of the allegedly
subsidized product, the term domestic
industry may be interpreted as referring to
the rest of the producers.
Dumping. Exporting goods at prices lower
than the home-market prices. In price-to-
price dumping, the exporter uses higher
home-prices to supplement the reduced
revenue from lower export prices. In price-
cost dumping, the exporter is subsidized by
the local government with duty drawbacks,
cash incentives, etc. Dumping is legal under
WTO rules unless its injurious effect on the
importing country's producers can be
established. If injury is established, WTO
rules allow imposition of anti-dumping duty
equal to the difference between the
exporter's home-market price and the
importer's FOB price.
Drawback. A refund that can be obtained
when an import fee has already been paid
for a good, but the good is then
subsequently exported. In order to obtain a
duty drawback, a business does not have to
have paid the import duty, nor do they have
had to perform the product's exportation,
they only need to be assigned the drawback
from those to whom it would typically be
due.