6

b) lp L : 8 e, n = 2; lp N : 32 e, n = 4
c) lp L : 8 e, n = 2; lp N : 18 e, n = 3
d) lp L : 18 e, n = 3; lp N : 32 e, n = 5
2.26 Electron cuoi cua nguyen t S (Z = 16) co bo cac so lng t sau (quy c electron ien vao
cac ocbitan theo th t m
l
t +l en l)
a) n = 3, l = 2, m
l
= -2, m
s
= +1/2 b) n = 3, l = 2, m
l
= +2, m
s
= -1/2
c) n = 3, l = 1, m
l
= -1, m
s
= +1/2 d) n = 3, l = 1, m
l
= +1, m
s
= -1/2
2.27 Chon so lng t t (m
l
) thch

hp cho mot electron trong mot nguyen t co so lng t chnh
bang 4, so lng t ocbitan bang 2 va so lng t spin bang 1/2.
a) -2 b) 3 c) -3 d) -4
2.28 Cau hnh electron hoa tr cua ion Co
3+
( Z = 27 ) trang thai bnh thng la:
a) 3d
6
(khong co electron oc than) b) 3d
4
4s
2
( co electron oc than)
c) 3d
6
(co electron oc than) d) 3d
4
4s
2
( khong co electron oc than)
2.29 Xac nh cau hnh electron hoa tr cua nguyen to co so th t trong bang he thong tuan hoan la
47.
a) 4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
b) 4d
9
5s
2
c) 4d
10
5s
1
d) 4d
10
.
2.30 Cau hnh electron hoa tr cua ion Fe
3+
(Z= 26) trang thai bnh thng la:
a) 3d
4
4s
1
b) 3d
3
4s
2
c) 3d
6
d) 3d
5

2.31 Cong thc electron cua Cu
2+
trang thai bnh thng la:
a) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
9
4s
0
b) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
7
4s
2

c) 1s
2
2
s2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
8
4s
1
d) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
10
4s
0

2.32 Ocbitan 1s cua nguyen t H co dang hnh cau, ngha la:
a) Xac suat gap electron 1s cua H giong nhau theo moi hng trong khong gian.
b) Khoang cach cua electron 1s en nhan H luon luon khong oi.
c) electron 1s ch di chuyen tai vung khong gian ben trong hnh cau ay.
d) Ca 3 y eu ung.
2.33 Chon phat bieu ung. Trong cung mot nguyen t
1) ocbitan 2s co kch thc ln hn ocbitan 1s.
2) nang lng cua electron tren AO 2s ln hn nang lng cua electron tren AO 1s.
3) xac suat gap electron cua AO 2p
x
ln nhat tren truc x.
4) nang lng cua electron tren AO 2p
z
ln hn nang lng cua electron tren AO 2p
x

a) Ch co cac cau 1 , 2 , 3 ung. b) Ca 4 cau eu ung.
c) Ch co cac cau 2 , 3 , 4 ung. d) ch co cac cau 3 , 4 ung.

2.34 Cac electron co cung so lng t chnh chu tac dung chan yeu nhat la:
a )Cac electron f b) Cac electron s c) Cac electron p d) Cac electron d
CHNG 3: NH LUAT TUAN HOAN, HE THONG TUAN HOAN CAC NGUYEN TO HOA
HOC
VA CAU TAO NGUYEN T
3. 1 Cau truc electron cua nguyen t va he thong tuan hoan cac nguyen to
3.1 Hay chon trong cac phat bieu di ay co phat bieu nao sai :
1) ien tch hat nhan nguyen t cua bat k nguyen to nao ve tr so bang so th t cua nguyen
to o trong bang he thong tuan hoan.
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2) Tnh chat cua n chat, thanh phan va tnh chat cac hp chat bien thien tuan hoan theo
chieu tang cua ien tch hat nhan.
3) Trong bang he thong tuan hoan, phan nhom VIIIB cha phai la phan nhom cha nhieu
nguyen to nhat.
4) Chu k la mot day cac nguyen to, m au la mot kim loai kiem va ket thuc la mot kh hiem.
a) 1 b) 3 c) 2 d) Khong co phat bieu nao sai
3.2 Chon phat bieu sai sau ay ve bang he thong tuan hoan cac nguyen to hoa hoc:
a) Cac nguyen to cung 1 phan nhom chnh co tnh chat tng t nhau.
b) Cac nguyen to trong cung chu ky co tnh chat tng t nhau.
c) Cac nguyen to trong cung mot phan nhom chnh co tnh kh tang dan t tren xuong.
d) Cac nguyen to trong bang he thong tuan hoan c sap xep theo th t tang dan ien tch
hat nhan cac nguyen to.
3.3 Chon cau ung:
"So th t cua phan nhom bang tong so electron lp ngoai cung". Quy tac nay:
a) ung vi moi phan nhom.
b) Sai vi moi phan nhom.
c) ung vi cac phan nhom chnh, tr Hidro phan nhom 7A va Heli.
d) ung vi cac phan nhom phu tr phan nhom VIIIB.
3.4 Trong chu k 4, nguyen to nao trang thai c ban co 3 electron oc than:
a) V, Ni, As b) V, Co, Br c) V, Co, As d) Mn, Co, As
3.5 V tr trong bang he thong tuan hoan cua nguyen to co cau hnh electron 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
4s
2

la:
a) chu k 4, phan nhom VIIB, o 23 b) chu k 4, phan nhom VIIB, o 25
c) chu k 4, phan nhom VIIA, o 25 c) chu k 4, phan nhom VB, o 25
3.6 Fe (Z = 26), Co (Z = 27) va Ni (Z = 28) thuoc phan nhom VIIIB nen co:
a) Cau hnh electron hoa tr giong nhau.
b) So electron hoa tr bang so th t nhom.
c) So electron cua lp electron ngoai cung giong nhau.
d) So electron hoa tr giong nhau.
3.7 Chon phat bieu sai ve cac nguyen to phan nhom VIA :
a) Co the co so Oxy hoa cao nhat la +6.
b) So Oxy hoa am thap nhat cua chung la -2.
c) a so cac nguyen to la kim loai.
d) Cau hnh e lp ngoai cung la ns
2
np
4
.
3.8 Chon phat bieu ung. Cau hnh electron cua hai nguyen to thuoc phan nhom VIB va VIA cua
chu k 4 lan lt la:
1) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
4
4s
2
2) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
4s
1

3) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
4) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
10
4s
1
4p
5

a) 1, 3 b) 2, 3 c)1, 4 d) 2, 4
3.9 Chon phat bieu ung. Nguyen to nao di ay khong thuoc ho d:
a) Sn ( Z = 50 ) b) V ( Z = 23 ) c) Pd ( Z = 46 ) d) Zn ( Z = 30 )
3.10 Da vao cau hnh electron ngoai cung la 4d
10
5s
2
, hay xac nh v tr cua nguyen to trong
bang he thong tuan hoan :
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a) Chu k 5 , phan nhom II
A
, o 50 b) Chu k 4, phan nhom II
B
, o 48
c) Chu k 5, phan nhom II
B
, o 48 d) Chu k 5, phan nhom II
B
, o 50
3.11 Chon phat bieu ung. Cac electron hoa tr cua:
a)nguyen t Br (Z = 35) la 4s
2
4p
5
b) Nguyen t Sn (Z = 50) la 3d
2
4s
1

c) Nguyen t Ti (Z = 22) la 5s
2
d) Nguyen t Sr (Z = 38) la 4d
10
5s
2

3.12 Cho cac nguyen to: Ca (Z = 20), Fe (Z = 26), Cd (Z = 48), La (Z = 57), cac ion co cau hnh lp
vo electron giong cac kh tr gan no la:
a) Ca
2+
, Cd
2+
c) Ca
2+
, Cd
2+
b) La
3+
, Fe
3+
d) Ca
2+
, La
3+

3.13 Chon phat bieu ung:
a) So Oxy hoa dng cc ai cua mot nguyen to luon bang vi so th t cua phan nhom cua
nguyen to o.
b) So Oxy hoa dng cc ai luon bang vi so electron lp ngoai cung cua nguyen to o.
c) So Oxy hoa dng cc ai luon bang so electron tren cac phan lp hoa tr cua nguyen to o.
d) So Oxy hoa dng cc ai cua cac nguyen to phan nhom VA bang +5.
3.14 Nguyen to co cau hnh lp ngoai cung la 3d
5
4s
1
co v tr trong bang he thong tuan hoan va cac
tnh chat ac trng nh sau:
a) Chu k 4, phan nhom VIB , o 24 , phi kim loai, so oxy hoa dng cao nhat 6+.
b) Chu k 4, phan nhom VIB , o 24, kim loai, so oxy hoa dng cao nhat 6+, so oxy hoa am
thap nhat 1-.
c) Chu k 4, phan nhom VIB, o 24, kim loai, so oxy hoa dng cao nhat 6+.
d) Chu k 4, phan nhom VB, o 24, kim loai, so oxy hoa dng cao nhat 6+.
3.15 Phan nhom co o am ien ln nhat trong bang he thong tuan hoan la :
a) Phan nhom IIIA b) Phan nhom VIIA
c) Phan nhom VIA d) Phan nhom IA
3.16 Nguyen to A co cau hnh electron phan lp cuoi cung la 4p
3
. A phai:
a) thuoc phan nhom IIIA, co so oxy hoa dng cao nhat +3 va khong co so oxy hoa am.
b) thuoc phan nhom IIIB, co so oxy hoa dng cao nhat +3 va co so oxy hoa am thap nhat -3.
c) thuoc phan nhom VB, co so oxy hoa dng cao nhat +5 va co so oxy hoa am thap nhat -3.
d) thuoc phan nhom VA, co so oxy hoa dng cao nhat +5 va co so oxy hoa am thap nhat -3.
3.17 Nguyen t co cau hnh lp electron lp ngoai cung la 4s
2
co v tr
a) phan nhom IIA. b) Co tnh kim loai manh.
c) Co so oxi hoa +2 la ben nhat. d) Ca 3 ap an tren eu cha chac ung.

3.18 Chon trng hp ung:
Nguyen to A chu ky IV, phan nhom VIA. Nguyen to A co:
a) Z = 34, la phi kim. b) Z = 24, la kim loai.
c) Z = 24, la phi kim. d) Z = 34, la kim loai.
3.19 Chon trng hp ung:
Nguyen to B chu ky IV, phan nhom VIIB . Nguyen to B co:
a) Z = 25 , la kim loai. b) Z = 24, la kim loai.
c) Z = 26, la phi kim loai. d) Z = 25, la phi kim loai.
3.2 S thay oi tnh chat cua cac nguyen to trong he thong tuan hoan
3.20 Trong cac phat bieu di ay, phat bieu nao sai.
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Trong cung mot chu ky theo th t t trai qua phai, ta co :
1) So lp electron tang dan . 2) Tnh phi kim loai giam dan.
3) Tnh kim loai tang dan. 4) Tnh phi kim loai tang dan.
a) 1,2,4 b) 4 c) 1 d) 1,2,3
3.21 Chon phat bieu sai.
a) Trong mot phan nhom chnh, o am ien giam dan t tren xuong di.
b) Trong mot phan nhom phu, ban knh nguyen t tang eu t tren xuong di.
c) Trong mot chu k nho (tr kh hiem), ban knh nguyen t giam dan t trai qua phai.
d) Tnh kim loai giam dan, tnh phi kim loai tang dan t trai qua phai trong mot chu k nho (tr
kh hiem).
3.22 Trong mot phan nhom chnh cua he thong tuan hoan, tnh oxy hoa cua nguyen to khi i t tren
xuong di bien thien theo chieu:
a) Tang dan. b) Giam dan. c) Khong oi. d) Khong xac nh c.
3.23 Trong mot phan nhom phu cua he thong tuan hoan, tnh kim loai cua cac nguyen to khi i t
tren xuong di bien oi nh sau:
a) Khong oi. b) Tang dan. c) Giam dan. d) Khong xac nh c.
3.24 Chon phat bieu ung:
a) Trong cung chu ky, ban knh nguyen t thuoc phan nhom chnh tang dan t au en cuoi chu
ky.
b) Trong mot chu ky ngan, o am ien tang dan t trai qua phai.
c) Cac nguyen to nhom IA de dang nhan them 1 e e tao anion.
d) Trong bang he thong tuan hoan, chu ky III a co phan nhom phu.
3.25 Ban knh ion cua cac nguyen to phan nhom VIA ln hn ban knh ion ang electron cua cac
nguyen to phan nhom VIIA ( cung chu k) do cac nguyen to phan nhom VIA co:
a) Khoi lng nguyen t nho hn. b) ien tch hat nhan nguyen t nho hn.
c) Ai lc electron nho hn. d) o am ien nho hn.
3.26 Chon phat bieu ung:
a) Ban knh ion luon nho hn ban knh nguyen t.
b) Cac ion cua nhng nguyen to nam trong cung mot chu ky th co ban knh bang nhau.
c) Trong chuoi ion ang electron (cac ion co so electron bang nhau), ion co so oxy hoa ln hn co
kch thc nho hn.
d) Trong mot chu ky, khi i t trai sang phai, ban knh cua nguyen to ng sau luon nho hn ban
knh cua nguyen to ng trc.
3.27 Chon phat bieu ung. Day nguyen t Ca (Z = 20), Al (Z = 13), P (Z = 15), K (Z = 19) co ban
knh R tang dan theo day :
a) R
P
< R
Al
< R
Ca
< R
K
b) R
P
< R
Al
< R
K
< R
Ca

c) R
Al
< R
P
< R
K
< R
Ca
d) R
K
< R
Ca
< R
P
< R
Al

3.28 Nang lng ion hoa cua nguyen t hydro la nang lng phai cung cap e a electron t:
a) Tang 1 ( n = 1) len tang 2 b) Tang 1 len tang 7
c) Tang 1 ra vo cc d) T vo cc xuong tang 1
3.29 Chon cau sai. S thay oi nang lng ion hoa th nhat (I
1
) cua cac nguyen to trong cac phan
nhom theo chieu tang so th t nguyen to c giai thch nh sau:
a) Trong phan nhom chnh, I
1
giam do s tang hieu ng chan.
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b) Trong phan nhom phu, I
1
tang do s tang ien tch hat nhan va hieu ng xam nhap cua cac
electron ns.
c) Trong phan nhom phu, I
1
giam do s giam hieu ng xam nhap cua cac electron ns.
d) Trong phan nhom chnh, I
1
giam do s tang kch thc nguyen t.
3.30 Chon trng hp ung:
So sanh nang lng ion hoa th nhat I
1
cua N (Z = 7) va O (Z = 8):
a) I
1(N)
< I
1(O)
v trong mot chu ky, khi i t trai sang phai I
1
tang dan.
b) I
1(N)
> I
1(O)
v N co cau hnh ban bao hoa phan lp 2p.
c) I
1(N)
I
1(O)
v electron cuoi cung cua N va O cung thuoc phan lp 2p.
d) Khong so sanh c.
3.31 Cho cac nguyen to hoa hoc sau: Ne ( Z = 10), Na (Z = 11) va Mg ( Z = 12) . Chon phat bieu
ung:
a) I
1
(nang lng ion hoa th nhat) cua Mg nho hn I
1
cua cua Ne.
b) I
1
cua Mg nho hn I
1
cua Na.
c) I
2
( nang lng ion hoa th hai) cua Na nho hn I
2
cua Ne.
d) I
2
cua Mg ln hn I
2
cua Na.
3.32 Chon trng hp ung. Nang lng ion hoa th nhat (I
1
) cua cac nguyen to co cau truc
electron: 1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
(1) , 1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
(2), 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
(3) va 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
1
(4) tang theo chieu:
a) 1 2 3 4 b) 3 2 1 4
c) 4 1 2 3 d) 4 3 2 1
3.33 Chon cau ung. Ai lc electron cua nguyen to:
a) la nang lng phat ra (-) hay thu vao (+) khi ket hp electron vao nguyen t the kh khong
b kch thch.
b) la nang lng can tieu ton e ket hp them electron vao nguyen t trung hoa.
c) tang eu an trong mot chu k t trai qua phai.
d) co tr so bang nang lng ion hoa th nhat ( I
1
) cua nguyen to o.
3.34 Chon phat bieu ung:
a) o am ien cua mot kim loai ln hn o am ien cua mot phi kim loai.
b) Trong mot phan nhom chnh, o am ien tang dan t tren xuong di.
c) Trong mot chu k, kim loai kiem co o am ien nho nhat.
d) S sai biet gia hai o am ien cua A va B cang ln th lien ket A B cang t phan cc.

3.35 Da vao o am ien:
Nguyen to H C N O
o am ien 2,1 2,5 3,0 3,5
Trong 4 noi cong hoa tr n sau, noi nao b phan cc nhat?
a) C H b) N H c) O H d) C O
CHNG 4: LIEN KET HOA HOC VA CAU TAO PHAN T
4.1 nang lng lien ket, o dai lien ket, goc hoa tr
4.1 Chon cau sai. Lien ket Cl O trong day cac ion ClO
-
, ClO
2
-
, ClO
3
-
va ClO
4
-
co o dai tng ng :
1,7; 1,64; 1,57 va 1,42 A
0
. T ay suy ra theo day ion a cho:
a) o ben ion tang dan b) Nang lng lien ket tang dan.
c) Tnh ben cua cac ion giam dan. d) Bac lien ket tang dan.
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